做高考真题，记高频单词DAY 2（说明文阅读）任务单-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习任务单聚焦说明文阅读高频词汇，构建“真题情境-核心词汇-词形变换-语用练习”的考点体系，将30个核心词按认知逻辑分层，通过选词填空、单词默写等任务驱动学生自主梳理词汇网络，形成从理解到运用的完整学习链。 亮点在于“诊断-强化-迁移”的自主学习设计，如真题再现环节通过32-35题诊断词汇在阅读中的应用能力，词形变换模块培养语言能力，语篇翻译练习提升思维品质。学生可通过参考答案进行自我评估，教师能依据练习结果精准指导，有效提升学生自主复习效率与备考针对性。

高考高频单词 DAY 2（说明文阅读） 板块一：真题再现 [（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）] A team of Cambridge psychologists conducted an experiment to compare the cognitive effects of merely seeing art with actively judging how beautiful it is. In the study, 187 people were invited to visit Kettle's Yard gallery during an exhibition of handmade clay objects. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: the "beauty" group was asked to actively consider and then rate the beauty of each object they viewed, while the control group just matched a line drawing of the object with the artwork itself. All participants were then tested on how they process information, and whether it's in a more practical or abstract way. Across all participants, those in the beauty group scored almost 14% higher on average than the control group in abstract thinking. While they were told the study was about cognitive processes, participants were asked about interests, with around half saying they had an artistic hobby. Among those, the effect was greater: those with an artistic hobby in the beauty group scored over 25% higher on average for abstract thinking than those with an artistic hobby in the control group. Emotional states of participants were also measured by asking about their feelings while completing the gallery task. Across all participants, those in the beauty group reported an average of 23% higher levels of "transformative and self-transcendent feelings" — such as feeling moved, enlightened and inspired — than the control group. Importantly, however, the beauty group did not report feeling any happier than the control group, suggesting that it was the engagement with beauty that influenced abstract thinking, rather than any overall positivity from the experience. "We usually think in very concrete terms when doing something on a screen," said Simone Schnall, senior author of the study. "It's becoming much rarer to zone out and just let the mind wander, but that's when we think in ways that broaden our minds. Admiring the beauty of art may be the ideal way to initiate the abstract cognitive processes." 32. What was the beauty group asked to do with the clay objects? A. Draw their outlines. B. Give each piece a rating. C. Compare their prices. D. Make a copy of each piece. 33. Which participants got the highest score on average in the test? A. Beauty group, with an artistic hobby. B. Beauty group, without an artistic hobby. C. Control group, with an artistic hobby. D. Control group, without an artistic hobby. 34. Why were the participants' emotional states measured? A. To discover their attitudes towards art. B. To identify their specific thinking patterns. C. To examine the difficulty of the tasks. D. To determine factors behind the test results. 35. What is the major finding of the study regarding the appreciation of art? A. It enhances emotional ties. B. It needs critical thinking skills. C. It creates positive feelings. D. It encourages abstract thinking. 板块二：核心词汇（30个） 做高考真题，记高频单词 A genius is the person who repeats the most times! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ 实验；试验 cognitive /ˈkɒɡnətɪv/ 认知的 judge /dʒʌdʒ/ 判断；评价 invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ 邀请 exhibition /ˌeksɪˈbɪʃən/ 展览；展览会 rate /reɪt/ 评价；评定等级 process /ˈprəʊses/ 处理；加工 abstract /ˈæbstrækt/ 抽象的 average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ 平均的；平均数 abstract thinking 抽象思维 artistic /ɑːˈtɪstɪk/ 艺术的；有艺术天赋的 effect /ɪˈfekt/ 效果；影响 emotional /ɪˈməʊʃənəl/ 情感的；情绪的 transformative /trænsˈfɔːmətɪv/ 变革性的；有改造作用的 self-transcendent /ˌself trænˈsendənt/ 超越自我的 engagement /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒmənt/ 参与；投入 experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ 体验；经历 concrete /ˈkɒŋkriːt/ 具体的；实在的 broaden /ˈbrɔːdən/ 拓宽；扩大 ideal /aɪˈdiːəl/ 理想的；完美的 initiate /ɪˈnɪʃieɪt/ 开始；发起 appreciation /əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃən/ 欣赏；鉴赏 attitude /ˈætɪtjuːd/ 态度；看法 factor /ˈfæktə/ 因素 critical /ˈkrɪtɪkəl/ 批判性的；关键的 rating /ˈreɪtɪŋ/ 评分；等级 participant /pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt/ 参与者 randomly /ˈrændəmli/ 随机地 measure /ˈmeʒə/ 测量；衡量 inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə/ 激励；鼓舞 板块三：词形变换（供背诵） 1. experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ 实验 — experimental /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentəl/ 实验性的 — experimentally /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentəli/ 实验性地 — experimentation /ɪkˌsperɪmenˈteɪʃən/ 实验过程 — experimenter /ɪkˈsperɪmentə/ 实验者 2. cognitive /ˈkɒɡnətɪv/ 认知的 — cognition /kɒɡˈnɪʃən/ 认知 — recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ 认出；承认 — recognition /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃən/ 认出；承认 — recognizable /ˈrekəɡnaɪzəbəl/ 可识别的 3. judge /dʒʌdʒ/ 判断 — judgment /ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/ 判断；裁决 — prejudge /ˌpriːˈdʒʌdʒ/ 预先判断 — misjudge /ˌmɪsˈdʒʌdʒ/ 错误判断 — judge（n.）/dʒʌdʒ/ 法官；裁判 4. invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ 邀请 — invitation /ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/ 邀请 — inviting /ɪnˈvaɪtɪŋ/ 诱人的；吸引人的 — invitee /ˌɪnvaɪˈtiː/ 被邀请者 — inviter /ɪnˈvaɪtə/ 邀请者 5. exhibit /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/ 展览 — exhibition /ˌeksɪˈbɪʃən/ 展览 — exhibitor /ɪɡˈzɪbɪtə/ 参展者 — exhibitory /ɪɡˈzɪbɪtəri/ 展览的 — re-exhibit /ˌriːɪɡˈzɪbɪt/ 重新展览 6. rate /reɪt/ 评价 — rating /ˈreɪtɪŋ/ 评分 — overrate /ˌəʊvəˈreɪt/ 高估 — underrate /ˌʌndəˈreɪt/ 低估 — rateable /ˈreɪtəbəl/ 可评价的 7. process /ˈprəʊses/ 处理 — procession /prəˈseʃən/ 行列；连续 — processor /ˈprəʊsesə/ 处理器 — processed /ˈprəʊsest/ 经过加工的 — reprocess /riːˈprəʊses/ 再加工 8. abstract /ˈæbstrækt/ 抽象的 — abstraction /əbˈstrækʃən/ 抽象 — abstractly /ˈæbstræktli/ 抽象地 — abstractness /əbˈstræktnəs/ 抽象性 — abstractor /əbˈstræktə/ 摘要作者 9. emotion /ɪˈməʊʃən/ 情感 — emotional /ɪˈməʊʃənəl/ 情感的 — emotionally /ɪˈməʊʃənəli/ 情感上地 — emotionalism /ɪˈməʊʃənəlɪzəm/ 情绪主义 — emotionality /ɪˌməʊʃəˈnæləti/ 情绪性 10. engage /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/ 参与；吸引 — engagement /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒmənt/ 参与；订婚 — engaged /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/ 忙碌的；已订婚的 — engaging /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ/ 吸引人的 — disengage /ˌdɪsɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/ 脱离 11. broad /brɔːd/ 广阔的 — broaden /ˈbrɔːdən/ 拓宽 — broadly /ˈbrɔːdli/ 广泛地 — breadth /bredθ/ 宽度；广度 — broad-minded /ˌbrɔːdˈmaɪndɪd/ 心胸开阔的 12. inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə/ 激励 — inspiration /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃən/ 灵感 — inspired /ɪnˈspaɪəd/ 受启发的 — inspiring /ɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ/ 鼓舞人心的 — inspirational /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃənəl/ 启发灵感的 板块四：选词填空 Group A（从以下词汇中选择填空：experiment, cognitive, rate, abstract, exhibition, emotional, participant, judge, average, process） 1. The researchers designed a new __________ to test the effects of music on memory. 2. Children develop their __________ abilities through exploration and play. 3. Students were asked to __________ their teachers' performance on a scale of 1 to 10. 4. The painting is too __________ for most people to understand without explanation. 5. The art __________ attracted thousands of visitors from around the world. 6. She became very __________ when she talked about her childhood memories. 7. Each __________ in the study was given a questionnaire to complete. 8. It is difficult to __________ whether the new policy will be successful. 9. The __________ temperature in this region has risen by 2 degrees over the past century. 10. The human brain can __________ large amounts of information quickly. Group B（从以下词汇中选择填空：appreciation, broaden, initiate, critical, engagement, inspire, attitude, ideal, factor, concrete） 11. Regular exercise is an important __________ in maintaining good health. 12. The course aims to __________ students' understanding of different cultures. 13. She has a positive __________ towards challenges and difficulties. 14. The teacher's encouragement helped to __________ the students to work harder. 15. A sunny beach is the __________ place for a summer holiday. 16. The government plans to __________ a new education reform next year. 17. Students need to develop __________ thinking skills to evaluate information. 18. Her __________ in community service has earned her great respect. 19. The artist's work shows a deep __________ of nature's beauty. 20. The teacher gave __________ examples to help students understand the concept. 板块五：单词填空 A. 单句语法填空（用所给词的适当形式填空） 21. The __________ (experiment) results confirmed the researchers' hypothesis. 22. __________ (cognitive) refers to the mental processes involved in gaining knowledge. 23. The teacher made a __________ (judge) about each student's performance. 24. The __________ (invite) to the conference was sent out last week. 25. The artist's work received widespread __________ (recognize) after the exhibition. 26. Students should learn to think __________ (abstract) as well as concretely. 27. The __________ (emotion) impact of the film moved the audience to tears. 28. The professor encouraged active __________ (engage) in classroom discussions. 29. Her speech was highly __________ (inspire) and motivated the entire team. 30. The __________ (transform) of the old building into a museum took two years. B. 首字母单词拼写（根据首字母和句意补全单词） 31. The art e__________ was held in the city museum and attracted many visitors. 32. P__________ are required to complete a survey after the experiment. 33. The teacher asked us to r__________ the performance of each group member. 34. A__________ thinking is the ability to understand ideas that are not physical or concrete. 35. The new policy will b__________ opportunities for young people in rural areas. 36. The company plans to i__________ a new training program for employees. 37. Her a__________ towards learning has changed dramatically since she joined the club. 38. The study examined the e__________ of sleep deprivation on memory. 39. It is i__________ to have a clear goal before starting any project. 40. Students should develop c__________ thinking skills to analyze complex problems. 板块六：语篇翻译（英译汉，黑体词为关键） Passage A A recent experiment conducted by a team of psychologists investigated the cognitive effects of art appreciation. Participants were divided into two groups. One group was asked to rate the beauty of each artwork, while the other group simply observed them. The results showed that those who actively engaged with the art performed better on tests of abstract thinking. The researchers concluded that admiring beauty can broaden our minds and initiate deeper thought processes. This finding has significant implications for education, suggesting that art appreciation should be integrated into school curricula. Passage B The study also measured the emotional states of participants. Those who judged the beauty of the artworks reported higher levels of transformative feelings, such as being moved or inspired. However, they did not report feeling happier than the control group. This suggests that the positive effect on abstract thinking was not simply due to overall positivity, but rather to the engagement with beauty itself. The researchers emphasized the importance of allowing the mind to wander and reflect, which is becoming increasingly rare in our screen-dominated world. Passage C The findings of this study highlight the value of art appreciation in enhancing cognitive abilities. In modern society, we often think in concrete terms and focus on practical tasks. However, the research suggests that taking time to admire beauty can stimulate abstract thinking and creativity. The authors advocate for more opportunities for people to engage with art in their daily lives. They also caution that we should not overlook the benefits of transformative experiences, as they can contribute significantly to personal growth and well-being. 板块七：参考译文（Passage 2 全文翻译） 剑桥大学的一支心理学家团队进行了一项实验，旨在比较仅仅观看艺术与主动判断其美感所产生的认知效果。 在这项研究中，187人被邀请在手工陶器展览期间参观凯特尔庭院画廊。参与者被随机分为两组：“美感组”被要求主动思考然后评价他们所观看的每件物品的美感，而对照组只需将物品的线条画与艺术品本身进行匹配。随后，所有参与者都接受了关于他们如何处理信息以及是以更实际的方式还是更抽象的方式的测试。 在所有参与者中，美感组在抽象思维方面的平均得分比对照组高出近14%。虽然他们被告知这项研究是关于认知过程的，但参与者还被问及兴趣，约有一半的人表示他们有艺术爱好。在这些参与者中，效果更为显著：美感组中有艺术爱好的参与者在抽象思维方面的平均得分比对照组中有艺术爱好的参与者高出25%以上。 参与者的情绪状态也通过在完成画廊任务时询问他们的感受来测量。在所有参与者中，美感组报告的“变革性和超越自我的感受”（如感动、启迪和鼓舞）水平平均比对照组高出23%。然而，重要的是，美感组并没有报告比对照组感到更快乐，这表明是美的参与影响了抽象思维，而不是体验中的整体积极性。 “当我们在屏幕上做某事时，我们通常以非常具体的方式思考，”该研究的资深作者西蒙娜·施纳尔说。“放空思绪、让思维游荡变得越来越罕见，但正是在那时，我们以拓宽思维的方式思考。欣赏艺术之美可能是启动抽象认知过程的理想方式。” 板块八：单词默写（汉译英） 开始；发起 __________ 欣赏；鉴赏 __________实验；试验 __________ 认知的 __________ 判断；评价 __________ 邀请 __________ 展览；展览会 __________ 评价；评定等级 __________ 处理；加工 __________ 抽象的 __________ 平均的；平均数 __________ 抽象思维 __________ 艺术的；有艺术天赋的 __________ 效果；影响 __________ 情感的；情绪的 __________ 变革性的；有改造作用的 __________ 超越自我的 __________ 参与；投入 __________ 体验；经历 __________ 具体的；实在的 __________ 拓宽；扩大 __________ 理想的；完美的 __________ 态度；看法 __________ 因素 __________ 批判性的；关键的 __________ 评分；等级 __________ 参与者 __________ 随机地 __________ 测量；衡量 __________ 激励；鼓舞 __________ 【参考答案】 板块一 真题再现答案 32．B 33．A 34．D 35. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项剑桥大学的研究，发现深度欣赏艺术之美能提升抽象思维能力。 【详解】 32. B 事实细节题根据第二段 the "beauty" group was asked to actively consider and then rate the beauty of each object they viewed 可知，审美组的任务是对每件物品的美感进行评价打分，B项是rate the beauty of each object they viewed 的同义替换。 33.A事实细节题 根据第三段首句 Across all participants, those in the beauty group scored almost 14% higher on average than the control group in abstract thinking.可知，审美组比对照组抽象思维的得分高14%，故可排除C、D两项。再结合最后一句 Among those, the effect was greater: those with an artistic hobby in the beauty group scored over 25% higher on average for abstract thinking than those with an artistic hobby in the control group.可知，审美组中有艺术爱好的参与者比对照组中有艺术爱好的抽象思维得分高25%，故选A项。 34. D 推理判断题 根据四段the beauty group did not report feeling any happier than the control group, suggesting that it was the engagement with beauty that influenced abstract thinking, rather than any overall positivity from the experience可知，评估情绪状态是为了排除"整体积极情绪"这一因素，从而确定真正影响测试结果的是与美的互动，而非快乐情绪，故D项正确。 35.D事实细节题 根据第三段审美组抽象思维得分更高、第四段排除快乐情绪的干扰，以及最后一段最后一句Admiring the beauty of art may be the ideal way to initiate the abstract cognitive processes.可知，欣赏艺术可以促进抽象思维。appreciation of art是Admiring the beauty of art 的同义替换，encourages abstract thinking是initiate the abstract cognitive processes 的同义替换。 板块四 选词填空答案 Group A experiment cognitive rate abstract exhibition emotional participant judge average process Group B factor broaden attitude inspire ideal initiate critical engagement appreciation concrete 板块五 单词填空答案 A. 单句语法填空 experimental Cognition judgment invitation recognition abstractly emotional engagement inspiring transformation B. 首字母单词拼写 exhibition Participants rate Abstract broaden initiate attitude effect ideal critical 板块六 语篇翻译参考译文 Passage A 最近由一支心理学家团队进行的实验调查了艺术欣赏的认知效果。参与者被分为两组。一组被要求评价每件艺术品的美感，而另一组只是观察它们。结果显示，那些积极参与艺术的人在抽象思维测试中表现更好。研究人员得出结论，欣赏美可以拓宽我们的思维并启动更深层次的思维过程。这一发现对教育具有重大意义，表明艺术欣赏应该被纳入学校课程。 Passage B 该研究还测量了参与者的情绪状态。那些判断艺术品美感的人报告了更高水平的变革性感受，如被感动或受到鼓舞。然而，他们并没有报告比对照组感到更快乐。这表明对抽象思维的积极影响不仅仅是由于整体的积极性，而是源于与美本身的参与。研究人员强调了让思维游荡和反思的重要性，这在我们以屏幕为主导的世界中变得越来越罕见。 Passage C 这项研究的发现突显了艺术欣赏在增强 认知能力方面的价值。在现代社会中，我们常常以具体的方式思考，专注于实际任务。然而，研究表明，花时间欣赏美可以激发 抽象思维和创造力。作者倡导人们在日常生活中获得更多参与艺术的机会。他们也告诫我们不应忽视 变革性体验的益处，因为它们可以显著促进个人成长和幸福。 板块八 汉译英答案 experiment cognitive judge invite exhibition rate process abstract average abstract thinking artistic effect emotional transformative self-transcendent engagement experience concrete broaden ideal initiate appreciation attitude factor critical rating participant randomly measure inspire $