做高考真题，记高频单词DAY 2（说明文阅读）任务单-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

高考高频单词 DAY 2（说明文阅读）

板块一：真题再现

[（2026·全国一卷·高考真题）]

A team of Cambridge psychologists conducted an experiment to compare the cognitive effects of merely seeing art with actively judging how beautiful it is.

In the study, 187 people were invited to visit Kettle's Yard gallery during an exhibition of handmade clay objects. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: the "beauty" group was asked to actively consider and then rate the beauty of each object they viewed, while the control group just matched a line drawing of the object with the artwork itself. All participants were then tested on how they process information, and whether it's in a more practical or abstract way.

Across all participants, those in the beauty group scored almost 14% higher on average than the control group in abstract thinking. While they were told the study was about cognitive processes, participants were asked about interests, with around half saying they had an artistic hobby. Among those, the effect was greater: those with an artistic hobby in the beauty group scored over 25% higher on average for abstract thinking than those with an artistic hobby in the control group.

Emotional states of participants were also measured by asking about their feelings while completing the gallery task. Across all participants, those in the beauty group reported an average of 23% higher levels of "transformative and self-transcendent feelings" — such as feeling moved, enlightened and inspired — than the control group. Importantly, however, the beauty group did not report feeling any happier than the control group, suggesting that it was the engagement with beauty that influenced abstract thinking, rather than any overall positivity from the experience.

"We usually think in very concrete terms when doing something on a screen," said Simone Schnall, senior author of the study. "It's becoming much rarer to zone out and just let the mind wander, but that's when we think in ways that broaden our minds. Admiring the beauty of art may be the ideal way to initiate the abstract cognitive processes."

32. What was the beauty group asked to do with the clay objects?

A. Draw their outlines.

B. Give each piece a rating.

C. Compare their prices.

D. Make a copy of each piece.

33. Which participants got the highest score on average in the test?

A. Beauty group, with an artistic hobby.

B. Beauty group, without an artistic hobby.

C. Control group, with an artistic hobby.

D. Control group, without an artistic hobby.

34. Why were the participants' emotional states measured?

A. To discover their attitudes towards art.

B. To identify their specific thinking patterns.

C. To examine the difficulty of the tasks.

D. To determine factors behind the test results.

35. What is the major finding of the study regarding the appreciation of art?

A. It enhances emotional ties.

B. It needs critical thinking skills.

C. It creates positive feelings.

D. It encourages abstract thinking.

板块二：核心词汇（30个）

experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ 实验；试验

cognitive /ˈkɒɡnətɪv/ 认知的

judge /dʒʌdʒ/ 判断；评价

invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ 邀请

exhibition /ˌeksɪˈbɪʃən/ 展览；展览会

rate /reɪt/ 评价；评定等级

process /ˈprəʊses/ 处理；加工

abstract /ˈæbstrækt/ 抽象的

average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ 平均的；平均数

abstract thinking 抽象思维

artistic /ɑːˈtɪstɪk/ 艺术的；有艺术天赋的

effect /ɪˈfekt/ 效果；影响

emotional /ɪˈməʊʃənəl/ 情感的；情绪的

transformative /trænsˈfɔːmətɪv/ 变革性的；有改造作用的

self-transcendent /ˌself trænˈsendənt/ 超越自我的

engagement /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒmənt/ 参与；投入

experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ 体验；经历

concrete /ˈkɒŋkriːt/ 具体的；实在的

broaden /ˈbrɔːdən/ 拓宽；扩大

ideal /aɪˈdiːəl/ 理想的；完美的

initiate /ɪˈnɪʃieɪt/ 开始；发起

appreciation /əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃən/ 欣赏；鉴赏

attitude /ˈætɪtjuːd/ 态度；看法

factor /ˈfæktə/ 因素

critical /ˈkrɪtɪkəl/ 批判性的；关键的

rating /ˈreɪtɪŋ/ 评分；等级

participant /pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt/ 参与者

randomly /ˈrændəmli/ 随机地

measure /ˈmeʒə/ 测量；衡量

inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə/ 激励；鼓舞

板块三：词形变换（供背诵）

1. experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ 实验 — experimental /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentəl/ 实验性的 — experimentally /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentəli/ 实验性地 — experimentation /ɪkˌsperɪmenˈteɪʃən/ 实验过程 — experimenter /ɪkˈsperɪmentə/ 实验者
2. cognitive /ˈkɒɡnətɪv/ 认知的 — cognition /kɒɡˈnɪʃən/ 认知 — recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ 认出；承认 — recognition /ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃən/ 认出；承认 — recognizable /ˈrekəɡnaɪzəbəl/ 可识别的
3. judge /dʒʌdʒ/ 判断 — judgment /ˈdʒʌdʒmənt/ 判断；裁决 — prejudge /ˌpriːˈdʒʌdʒ/ 预先判断 — misjudge /ˌmɪsˈdʒʌdʒ/ 错误判断 — judge（n.）/dʒʌdʒ/ 法官；裁判

4. invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ 邀请 — invitation /ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/ 邀请 — inviting /ɪnˈvaɪtɪŋ/ 诱人的；吸引人的 — invitee /ˌɪnvaɪˈtiː/ 被邀请者 — inviter /ɪnˈvaɪtə/ 邀请者
5. exhibit /ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/ 展览 — exhibition /ˌeksɪˈbɪʃən/ 展览 — exhibitor /ɪɡˈzɪbɪtə/ 参展者 — exhibitory /ɪɡˈzɪbɪtəri/ 展览的 — re-exhibit /ˌriːɪɡˈzɪbɪt/ 重新展览
6. rate /reɪt/ 评价 — rating /ˈreɪtɪŋ/ 评分 — overrate /ˌəʊvəˈreɪt/ 高估 — underrate /ˌʌndəˈreɪt/ 低估 — rateable /ˈreɪtəbəl/ 可评价的
7. process /ˈprəʊses/ 处理 — procession /prəˈseʃən/ 行列；连续 — processor /ˈprəʊsesə/ 处理器 — processed /ˈprəʊsest/ 经过加工的 — reprocess /riːˈprəʊses/ 再加工
8. abstract /ˈæbstrækt/ 抽象的 — abstraction /əbˈstrækʃən/ 抽象 — abstractly /ˈæbstræktli/ 抽象地 — abstractness /əbˈstræktnəs/ 抽象性 — abstractor /əbˈstræktə/ 摘要作者
9. emotion /ɪˈməʊʃən/ 情感 — emotional /ɪˈməʊʃənəl/ 情感的 — emotionally /ɪˈməʊʃənəli/ 情感上地 — emotionalism /ɪˈməʊʃənəlɪzəm/ 情绪主义 — emotionality /ɪˌməʊʃəˈnæləti/ 情绪性
10. engage /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/ 参与；吸引 — engagement /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒmənt/ 参与；订婚 — engaged /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/ 忙碌的；已订婚的 — engaging /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ/ 吸引人的 — disengage /ˌdɪsɪnˈɡeɪdʒ/ 脱离
11. broad /brɔːd/ 广阔的 — broaden /ˈbrɔːdən/ 拓宽 — broadly /ˈbrɔːdli/ 广泛地 — breadth /bredθ/ 宽度；广度 — broad-minded /ˌbrɔːdˈmaɪndɪd/ 心胸开阔的
12. inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə/ 激励 — inspiration /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃən/ 灵感 — inspired /ɪnˈspaɪəd/ 受启发的 — inspiring /ɪnˈspaɪərɪŋ/ 鼓舞人心的 — inspirational /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃənəl/ 启发灵感的

板块四：选词填空

Group A（从以下词汇中选择填空：experiment, cognitive, rate, abstract, exhibition, emotional, participant, judge, average, process）

1. The researchers designed a new __________ to test the effects of music on memory.
2. Children develop their __________ abilities through exploration and play.
3. Students were asked to __________ their teachers' performance on a scale of 1 to 10.
4. The painting is too __________ for most people to understand without explanation.
5. The art __________ attracted thousands of visitors from around the world.
6. She became very __________ when she talked about her childhood memories.
7. Each __________ in the study was given a questionnaire to complete.
8. It is difficult to __________ whether the new policy will be successful.
9. The __________ temperature in this region has risen by 2 degrees over the past century.
10. The human brain can __________ large amounts of information quickly.

Group B（从以下词汇中选择填空：appreciation, broaden, initiate, critical, engagement, inspire, attitude, ideal, factor, concrete）

11. Regular exercise is an important __________ in maintaining good health.
12. The course aims to __________ students' understanding of different cultures.
13. She has a positive __________ towards challenges and difficulties.
14. The teacher's encouragement helped to __________ the students to work harder.
15. A sunny beach is the __________ place for a summer holiday.
16. The government plans to __________ a new education reform next year.

The study also measured the emotional states of participants. Those who judged the beauty of the artworks reported higher levels of transformative feelings, such as being moved or inspired. However, they did not report feeling happier than the control group. This suggests that the positive effect on abstract thinking was not simply due to overall positivity, but rather to the engagement with beauty itself. The researchers emphasized the importance of allowing the mind to wander and reflect, which is becoming increasingly rare in our screen-dominated world.

Passage C

The findings of this study highlight the value of art appreciation in enhancing cognitive abilities. In modern society, we often think in concrete terms and focus on practical tasks. However, the research suggests that taking time to admire beauty can stimulate abstract thinking and creativity. The authors advocate for more opportunities for people to engage with art in their daily lives. They also caution that we should not overlook the benefits of transformative experiences, as they can contribute significantly to personal growth and well-being.

板块七：参考译文（Passage 2 全文翻译）

剑桥大学的一支心理学家团队进行了一项实验，旨在比较仅仅观看艺术与主动判断其美感所产生的认知效果。

在这项研究中，187人被邀请在手工陶器展览期间参观凯特尔庭院画廊。参与者被随机分为两组：“美感组”被要求主动思考然后评价他们所观看的每件物品的美感，而对照组只需将物品的线条画与艺术品本身进行匹配。随后，所有参与者都接受了关于他们如何处理信息以及是以更实际的方式还是更抽象的方式的测试。

在所有参与者中，美感组在抽象思维方面的平均得分比对照组高出近14%。虽然他们被告知这项研究是关于认知过程的，但参与者还被问及兴趣，约有一半的人表示他们有艺术爱好。在这些参与者中，效果更为显著：美感组中有艺术爱好的参与者在抽象思维方面的平均得分比对照组中有艺术爱好的参与者高出25%以上。

参与者的情绪状态也通过在完成画廊任务时询问他们的感受来测量。在所有参与者中，美感组报告的“变革性和超越自我的感受”（如感动、启迪和鼓舞）水平平均比对照组高出23%。然而，重要的是，美感组并没有报告比对照组感到更快乐，这表明是美的参与影响了抽象思维，而不是体验中的整体积极性。

“当我们在屏幕上做某事时，我们通常以非常具体的方式思考，”该研究的资深作者西蒙娜·施纳尔说。“放空思绪、让思维游荡变得越来越罕见，但正是在那时，我们以拓宽思维的方式思考。欣赏艺术之美可能是启动抽象认知过程的理想方式。”

板块八：单词默写（汉译英）

 

平均的；平均数 __________

抽象思维 __________

艺术的；有艺术天赋的 __________

效果；影响 __________

情感的；情绪的 __________

变革性的；有改造作用的 __________

超越自我的 __________

参与；投入 __________

体验；经历 __________

具体的；实在的 __________

拓宽；扩大 __________

理想的；完美的 __________

 

态度；看法 __________

因素 __________

批判性的；关键的 __________

评分；等级 __________

参与者 __________

随机地 __________

测量；衡量 __________

激励；鼓舞 __________