Unit 1 Friendship（复习讲义）英语新教材译林版八年级上册

该初中英语单元复习讲义围绕“Friendship”主题构建知识体系，通过表格梳理复习要点与重难点，用对比表格辨析bored/boring等易混词，语法部分按规则与不规则变化分类呈现形容词比较级和最高级，清晰呈现知识脉络与内在联系。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，涵盖单词拼写（如用cheer的适当形式填空）、完形填空（通过故事理解友谊）等题型，结合-ful/-less构词法和“The more...the more...”句型培养语言能力与思维品质。基础题巩固核心知识，综合题提升语篇运用，助力学生自主复习，也为教师精准教学提供支持。

Unit 1 Friendship（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 围绕“Friendship”主题，掌握朋友外貌、性格品质、相处日常相关表达，能介绍好友并谈论交友感受。 2. 熟记人物外貌、性格、交友类核心词汇短语，掌握-ful/-less形容词后缀构词法。 3. 熟练运用形容词比较级、最高级描述人物差异，掌握复合不定代词的基础用法。 4. 能围绕“好友是谁、性格如何、你们如何相处”进行口语与书面表达，完整介绍一位朋友。 复习重难点 1. 重点掌握形容词比较级、最高级的规则与不规则变化，以及than、as…as、最高级范围句型的运用。 2. 掌握-ful/-less后缀词义区分，以及bored/boring类-ed/-ing形容词辨析。 3. 掌握复合不定代词用法，区分some/any类不定代词使用场景，理解定语后置规则。 4. 难点是动词过去式变形、比较级特殊句式运用，以及写作中结合具体事例描写人物性格、有序叙述交友故事。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：She is an honest girl and never tells lies to others.她是一个诚实的女孩，从不说谎。（教材P8） honest 形容词，意为“诚实的；正直的” 变形：more honest（比较级），most honest（最高级） 【固定搭配】 1. be honest with sb. 对某人坦诚 例：A good friend should be honest with you. 好朋友应诚实待你。 2. to be honest 说实话（作插入语） 例：To be honest, I don't think his idea is great. 说实话，我认为他的想法不行。 【拓展】 honesty n. 诚实；反义词：dishonest adj. 不诚实的 知识点2：Max has a good sense of humorous and often tells funny jokes.Max有幽默感，经常讲有趣的笑话。（教材P9） humorous 形容词，意为“幽默的；滑稽有趣的” 变形：more humorous（比较级），most humorous（最高级） 【固定搭配】 1. have a sense of humour 有幽默感 例：My deskmate has a good sense of humour. 我的同桌很有幽默感。 2. tell humorous jokes 讲幽默笑话 例：He always tells humorous jokes to cheer me up.他总是讲有趣的笑话让我振作。 【拓展】 humour n. 幽默（英式写法）= humor（美式） 知识点3：Our teacher often encourages us to share our ideas in class.我们老师经常鼓励我们在课堂分享自己的观点。（教材P9） encourage 及物动词，意为“鼓励；激励” 变形：encourages（三单），encouraged（过去式/过去分词），encouraging（现在分词） 【固定搭配】 1. encourage sb to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 例：Our teacher encourages us to ask questions in class.我们老师总是鼓励我们课堂提问。 2. encourage sb in sth. 在某方面支持/鼓励某人 例：My parents encourage me in my painting hobby. 我的父母总是在绘画上鼓励我。 【拓展】 encouragement n. 鼓励；encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的 知识点4：I never feel bored when I stay with my best friend Max.当我和最好的朋友Max待在一起时，我从未感觉到无聊。（教材P9） bored 形容词，意为“厌倦的；烦闷的”（修饰人） 【固定搭配】 1. feel bored 感到无聊 例：I never feel bored when I stay with my best friend. 和好朋友待在一起，我从未感到无聊。 2. get bored with sth. 对……感到厌倦 例：He gets bored with doing the same task every day. 每天重复做同样的事，让他感到无赖。 【易混辨析】bored / boring 单词 用法说明 例句 bored 修饰人，表达“人感到无聊” She feels bored at the long meeting. boring 修饰事物，表达“事物本身无聊” The long meeting is very boring. 知识点5：Good friends should keep secrets for each other and never tell others.好朋友应该互相保守秘密，并且永不告知他人。（教材P11） secret 名词，意为“秘密；秘诀”；也作形容词，意为“秘密的” 变形：复数 secrets 【固定搭配】 1. keep secrets / keep a secret 保密 例：Good friends can keep secrets for each other. 好朋友应该互相保守秘密。 2. the secret to... ……的秘诀 例：Trust is the secret to a long friendship. 信任是友谊长久的秘诀。 3. in secret 秘密地；私下 例：They prepared the gift in secret. 知识点6：We should be brave enough to face difficulties in our daily life.我们应该保持足够勇敢，才能面对日常生活中的困境。（教材P11） face 及物动词，意为“面临；面对”；也作名词，意为“脸；面孔” 变形：faces（三单），faced（过去式/过去分词），facing（现在分词） 【固定搭配】 1. face problems / difficulties 面对问题/困难 例：We should be brave to face problems in life. 我们应该足够勇敢，来面对生活中的问题。 2. face to face 面对面地 例：We talked about the problem face to face. 我们面对面讨论了这个问题。 3. lose face 丢脸；失面子 例：He doesn't want to lose face in front of his classmates. 他不想在同学面前丢脸。 知识点7：Max is one of the tallest boys in our class. Max是我们班最高的男生之一。（教材P9 / P12 ） 句型结构：one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，意为“最……之一” 【结构说明】 用于三者及以上的范围中，描述人/事物属于“最……的群体中的一个”，整体表达单数含义。 【补充例句】 She is one of the most helpful students in our grade. 她是我们年级最乐于助人的学生之一。 【用法要点】 ① 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the； ② 后面必须接可数名词复数形式； ③ 整个短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 【易错提醒】 ❌ 错误：one of tallest boy ✅ 正确：one of the tallest boys（漏写the、名词用单数是高频错误） 知识点8：The more you share with your friends, the closer you will get. 你和朋友分享得越多，你们的关系就会越亲密。（教材P13） 句型结构：The + 形容词比较级..., the + 形容词比较级...，意为“越……，越……” 【结构说明】 比较级特殊句型，前半句表前提/条件，后半句表结果，描述两种情况按比例同步变化。 【用法要点】 ① 句首两个 the 是副词（不是定冠词），后面必须接形容词/副词的比较级； ② 前后两个分句都用陈述语序，描述普遍规律时常用一般现在时。 【常用固定表达】 The more, the better. 多多益善。 The harder you work, the better grades you will get. 你越努力，成绩就越好。 单元语法：形容词的比较级和最高级 1. 形容词比较级和最高级的构成 （1）规则变化 ① 单音节/部分双音节词直接加 -er（比较级）/ -est（最高级）：tall → taller → tallest ② 以不发音字母e结尾的词加 -r / -st：nice → nicer → nicest ③ 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，双写尾字母加 -er / -est：big → bigger → biggest ④ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i加 -er / -est：funny → funnier → funniest ⑤ 多音节和部分双音节词，在词前加 more / most：humorous → more humorous → most humorous （2）不规则变化（单元高频） good/well → better → best bad/badly → worse → worst many/much → more → most 形容词有原级、比较级、最高级三种形式。这里的比较级用于两个对象对比，表示“更……、较……”；最高级用于三个及以上对象的比较，表示“最……”，形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词 the，可搭配 in、of、among 等介词说明比较范围。 2. 形容词比较级和最高级的用法 （1）比较级的用法 ① 基础句型：A + be动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + B，用于两者间的对比 例：Betty is more helpful than most students in our class. ② 程度修饰：可用 much、a little、even、a lot 等词修饰比较级，体现程度差异 例：Max is much taller than me. ③ 特殊句型：The + 比较级, the + 比较级，表示“越……，就越……” 例：The more friends we have, the happier we will be. （2）最高级的用法 ① 基础句型：A + be动词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 比较范围，用于三者及以上的对比 例：May is the kindest girl in our class. ② 特殊句型：one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，表示“最……的……之一” 例：He is one of the most humorous boys in our grade. 一、单词拼写 （一）用所给词适当形式填空 1. Johnson is a ______ (cheer) man. He can always find wonderful things in life. 2. It’s ______ (use) to cry. You should cheer up and try again. 3. Daniel often goes on the Internet to find answers to his ______ (end) questions. 4. I felt so tired after a ______ (sleep) night. 5. It’s ______ (meaning) for us to protect the environment. 6. Whenever you feel like ______ (give) up, think about your dream. 7. My brother is so energetic. He never seems ______ (get) tired. 8. Do you know how ______ (stay) active in class? 9. Mum encourages me ______ (keep) trying all the time. 10. As time went by, little Tom ______ (understand) his parents. 11. Simon is the ______ (tall) boy in his class. No other boy is taller than him. 12. My brother is two years ______ (old) than me. 13. Andrew looked ______ (sad) than yesterday because he didn’t find his lost books. 14. Tom and Alex spent weeks ______ (create) a solar-powered robot named “Spark”. 15. The project was ______ (meaning) one among all the projects, so it won the “Most Creative Idea” award. （二）首字母填空 1. You can always trust the boy because he is very h______. 2. The sad news made Lucy u______ and she cried sadly. 3. Lucy is a(n) h______ girl. Her jokes never fail to make us laugh. 4. The hat makes Chaplin look a little bit f______. 5. We all felt b______ with the film. Some even fell asleep in the cinema. 6. The snowman’s nose looked so f______. I couldn’t stop laughing when I saw it. 7. We should be b______ to face the difficulties in our life. 8. A lot of wild animals are in d______ now. We need to protect them. 9. —What’s the h______ of the tower? —Maybe 200 metres. 10. It’s generally believed that bears seldom a______ dead people. 11. The fireman was b______ enough to save the little boy from the big fire. 12. Linda is trustworthy. I usually tell her my worries and she can keep them s______. 13. Max is a h______ boy. He seems to have endless jokes. （三）方框选词（用方框内所给内容的适当形式填空） come towards, in times of danger, give you a chance, get along with 1. A true friend never leaves you alone ______. 2. Look! Can you see a tiger ______ us? 3. Mr Wu will give us a talk on how to ______ others. 4. This club ______ to meet people with the same interest as you. do well in, feel down, square, trustworthy, quality 1. I often talk with my good friend Nick. This way, we ______ each other better. 2. Sandy is a ______ friend and I am willing to share everything with her. 3. Every time when Mandy ______, her pet dog Gigi will go and cheer her up. 4. Mr Wu praised me because I ______ the English test. 5. One of the most important ______ is honesty. 二、单项选择 1. To ______, I like to make friends with talkative people. A. make B. makes C. tell the truth D. tell lies 2. ______ people never feel down easily and they always believe in themselves. A. Careful B. Cheerful C. Patient D. Polite 3. —Good friends should always be kind and thoughtful. —______. A. Me too B. I agree C. All right D. Go ahead 4. My little brother is a ______ boy. He always tells us jokes to make us laugh. A. clever B. tidy C. humorous D. lazy 5. The girl has a good ______ of balance. She is a great dancer. A. feel B. taste C. sense D. fun 6. We can call 110 ______ when we are in trouble. A. any time B. at times C. at a time D. at some time 7. My sister’s hair is longer than ______. A. me B. mine C. you D. your 8. She is always there when I need someone ______. A. to talk B. to talk to C. talking D. talking to 9. —Which city is ______, Haikou or Kunming? —Haikou, I think. A. hottest B. hot C. the hot D. hotter 10. —How are you feeling now, Jim? —I am feeling ______ after a good sleep. Thanks. A. more better B. more well C. much better D. much well 11. If everyone can give a helping hand to others, the world will become ______. A. beautiful and beautiful B. beautifuller and beautifuller C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and more beautiful 12. Betty is one of my ______ friends. A. better B. best C. the better D. the best 13. —What do you think of the film? —It can’t be ______. I fell asleep during it. A. better B. best C. worse D. worst 14. Millie is ______ honest girl and never says a bad word about anyone. A. a B. an C. the D. / 15. The Amazon River is ______ river in the world. A. the second long B. second longest C. the two longest D. the second longest 三、完形填空 A This happened to me at the age of twelve. I can’t remember the name of the old lady, but she is still in my 1______ today. She taught me a lesson in tolerance (宽容), which I shall never forget. On a winter afternoon, a friend and I were 2______ stones onto the roof of the old lady’s house. I found a perfectly smooth stone and threw it out. However, the stone was too smooth, so it slipped (滑) from my hand. It headed straight not for the roof but for a small 3______ on the old lady’s back porch (门廊). At the sound of broken glass, we knew we were in trouble and 4______ away. I was too scared about getting caught by the old lady that first night. 5______, a few days later, when I was sure that I wasn’t discovered (发现), I started to feel guilty (感到内疚的). She 6______ greeted me with a smile each day when I gave her the newspaper, but I was no longer able to act comfortably. I decided to 7______ for her window with the paper delivery (递送) money I collected. I put the money in an envelope (信封), with a note saying I was 8______ for breaking her window and hoped that the seven dollars would be enough for repairing it. I waited 9______ it was dark, snuck (偷偷地走) up to the old lady’s house and put the letter I didn’t sign at the door. Once again, I could have the freedom of looking straight 10______ the old lady’s kind eyes. 1. A. diary B. mind C. notebook D. handbag 2. A. throwing B. carrying C. choosing D. putting 3. A. roof B. door C. window D. wall 4. A. swam B. flew C. jumped D. ran 5. A. Or B. So C. However D. Because 6. A. often B. just C. always D. still 7. A. ask B. look C. pay D. care 8. A. late B. sorry C. ready D. good 9. A. before B. after C. to D. till 10. A. for B. into C. through D. around B Friends are very important in our everyday life. Everyone 1______ friends. We all feel close to someone. It is 2______ to have a friend to talk, laugh and do things with. Of course, sometimes we need to be alone. We don’t always want people around. 3______ we will feel lonely if we never have a friend. Friends 4______ don’t get on well. That doesn’t mean that they don’t like each other any more. Most of the time they will make up and become friends again. Sometimes friends move away. Then we feel very 5______. We miss them very much, but we can 6______ them or write to them. And we can 7______ new friends. It is wonderful to 8______ how much we like new people when we get to know them. There’s more good news for people who have friends. Researches (研究) show that they live 9______ than people who don’t. Why? Friends can make you feel happy and that helps you stay well. Also, if 10______ cares about you, you will also take good care of yourself. 1. A. hopes B. hates C. needs D. becomes 2. A. nice B. hard C. easy D. fast 3. A. Because B. So C. But D. Or 4. A. always B. sometimes C. often D. usually 5. A. angry B. sad C. happy D. excited 6. A. call B. ask C. tell D. believe 7. A. help B. trust C. make D. support 8. A. look up B. find out C. think about D. look at 9. A. longer B. shorter C. bigger D. smaller 10. A. nobody B. none C. somebody D. anybody 四、语法填空 Friendship plays an important part in our lives. Though it is important to have friends, some of us don’t know how 1.______ (make) friends. Here is some 2.______ (advise). First, you should learn to say hello to others. With a smile 3.______ your face, you will look more easy-going. The student sitting next to you is more likely to be your friend, 4.______ you two have more chances to start talking. Second, you should learn to be a good 5.______ (listen). You can try to ask your new friends questions. And just listen carefully when they are talking. Remember 6.______ (nod) from time to time. It means you are 7.______ (interest) in their words. 8.______ (final), try to be a warm-hearted person. This way, 9.______ (make) friends can be easier for you. I hope you can make some really good friends and your 10.______ (friend) will last forever. 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 Friendship（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 围绕“Friendship”主题，掌握朋友外貌、性格品质、相处日常相关表达，能介绍好友并谈论交友感受。 2. 熟记人物外貌、性格、交友类核心词汇短语，掌握-ful/-less形容词后缀构词法。 3. 熟练运用形容词比较级、最高级描述人物差异，掌握复合不定代词的基础用法。 4. 能围绕“好友是谁、性格如何、你们如何相处”进行口语与书面表达，完整介绍一位朋友。 复习重难点 1. 重点掌握形容词比较级、最高级的规则与不规则变化，以及than、as…as、最高级范围句型的运用。 2. 掌握-ful/-less后缀词义区分，以及bored/boring类-ed/-ing形容词辨析。 3. 掌握复合不定代词用法，区分some/any类不定代词使用场景，理解定语后置规则。 4. 难点是动词过去式变形、比较级特殊句式运用，以及写作中结合具体事例描写人物性格、有序叙述交友故事。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：She is an honest girl and never tells lies to others.她是一个诚实的女孩，从不说谎。（教材P8） honest 形容词，意为“诚实的；正直的” 变形：more honest（比较级），most honest（最高级） 【固定搭配】 1. be honest with sb. 对某人坦诚 例：A good friend should be honest with you. 好朋友应诚实待你。 2. to be honest 说实话（作插入语） 例：To be honest, I don't think his idea is great. 说实话，我认为他的想法不行。 【拓展】 honesty n. 诚实；反义词：dishonest adj. 不诚实的 知识点2：Max has a good sense of humorous and often tells funny jokes.Max有幽默感，经常讲有趣的笑话。（教材P9） humorous 形容词，意为“幽默的；滑稽有趣的” 变形：more humorous（比较级），most humorous（最高级） 【固定搭配】 1. have a sense of humour 有幽默感 例：My deskmate has a good sense of humour. 我的同桌很有幽默感。 2. tell humorous jokes 讲幽默笑话 例：He always tells humorous jokes to cheer me up.他总是讲有趣的笑话让我振作。 【拓展】 humour n. 幽默（英式写法）= humor（美式） 知识点3：Our teacher often encourages us to share our ideas in class.我们老师经常鼓励我们在课堂分享自己的观点。（教材P9） encourage 及物动词，意为“鼓励；激励” 变形：encourages（三单），encouraged（过去式/过去分词），encouraging（现在分词） 【固定搭配】 1. encourage sb to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 例：Our teacher encourages us to ask questions in class.我们老师总是鼓励我们课堂提问。 2. encourage sb in sth. 在某方面支持/鼓励某人 例：My parents encourage me in my painting hobby. 我的父母总是在绘画上鼓励我。 【拓展】 encouragement n. 鼓励；encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的 知识点4：I never feel bored when I stay with my best friend Max.当我和最好的朋友Max待在一起时，我从未感觉到无聊。（教材P9） bored 形容词，意为“厌倦的；烦闷的”（修饰人） 【固定搭配】 1. feel bored 感到无聊 例：I never feel bored when I stay with my best friend. 和好朋友待在一起，我从未感到无聊。 2. get bored with sth. 对……感到厌倦 例：He gets bored with doing the same task every day. 每天重复做同样的事，让他感到无赖。 【易混辨析】bored / boring 单词 用法说明 例句 bored 修饰人，表达“人感到无聊” She feels bored at the long meeting. boring 修饰事物，表达“事物本身无聊” The long meeting is very boring. 知识点5：Good friends should keep secrets for each other and never tell others.好朋友应该互相保守秘密，并且永不告知他人。（教材P11） secret 名词，意为“秘密；秘诀”；也作形容词，意为“秘密的” 变形：复数 secrets 【固定搭配】 1. keep secrets / keep a secret 保密 例：Good friends can keep secrets for each other. 好朋友应该互相保守秘密。 2. the secret to... ……的秘诀 例：Trust is the secret to a long friendship. 信任是友谊长久的秘诀。 3. in secret 秘密地；私下 例：They prepared the gift in secret. 知识点6：We should be brave enough to face difficulties in our daily life.我们应该保持足够勇敢，才能面对日常生活中的困境。（教材P11） face 及物动词，意为“面临；面对”；也作名词，意为“脸；面孔” 变形：faces（三单），faced（过去式/过去分词），facing（现在分词） 【固定搭配】 1. face problems / difficulties 面对问题/困难 例：We should be brave to face problems in life. 我们应该足够勇敢，来面对生活中的问题。 2. face to face 面对面地 例：We talked about the problem face to face. 我们面对面讨论了这个问题。 3. lose face 丢脸；失面子 例：He doesn't want to lose face in front of his classmates. 他不想在同学面前丢脸。 知识点7：Max is one of the tallest boys in our class. Max是我们班最高的男生之一。（教材P9 / P12 ） 句型结构：one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，意为“最……之一” 【结构说明】 用于三者及以上的范围中，描述人/事物属于“最……的群体中的一个”，整体表达单数含义。 【补充例句】 She is one of the most helpful students in our grade. 她是我们年级最乐于助人的学生之一。 【用法要点】 ① 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the； ② 后面必须接可数名词复数形式； ③ 整个短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 【易错提醒】 ❌ 错误：one of tallest boy ✅ 正确：one of the tallest boys（漏写the、名词用单数是高频错误） 知识点8：The more you share with your friends, the closer you will get. 你和朋友分享得越多，你们的关系就会越亲密。（教材P13） 句型结构：The + 形容词比较级..., the + 形容词比较级...，意为“越……，越……” 【结构说明】 比较级特殊句型，前半句表前提/条件，后半句表结果，描述两种情况按比例同步变化。 【用法要点】 ① 句首两个 the 是副词（不是定冠词），后面必须接形容词/副词的比较级； ② 前后两个分句都用陈述语序，描述普遍规律时常用一般现在时。 【常用固定表达】 The more, the better. 多多益善。 The harder you work, the better grades you will get. 你越努力，成绩就越好。 单元语法：形容词的比较级和最高级 1. 形容词比较级和最高级的构成 （1）规则变化 ① 单音节/部分双音节词直接加 -er（比较级）/ -est（最高级）：tall → taller → tallest ② 以不发音字母e结尾的词加 -r / -st：nice → nicer → nicest ③ 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，双写尾字母加 -er / -est：big → bigger → biggest ④ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i加 -er / -est：funny → funnier → funniest ⑤ 多音节和部分双音节词，在词前加 more / most：humorous → more humorous → most humorous （2）不规则变化（单元高频） good/well → better → best bad/badly → worse → worst many/much → more → most 形容词有原级、比较级、最高级三种形式。这里的比较级用于两个对象对比，表示“更……、较……”；最高级用于三个及以上对象的比较，表示“最……”，形容词最高级前通常要加定冠词 the，可搭配 in、of、among 等介词说明比较范围。 2. 形容词比较级和最高级的用法 （1）比较级的用法 ① 基础句型：A + be动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + B，用于两者间的对比 例：Betty is more helpful than most students in our class. ② 程度修饰：可用 much、a little、even、a lot 等词修饰比较级，体现程度差异 例：Max is much taller than me. ③ 特殊句型：The + 比较级, the + 比较级，表示“越……，就越……” 例：The more friends we have, the happier we will be. （2）最高级的用法 ① 基础句型：A + be动词 + the + 形容词最高级 + 比较范围，用于三者及以上的对比 例：May is the kindest girl in our class. ② 特殊句型：one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，表示“最……的……之一” 例：He is one of the most humorous boys in our grade. 一、单词拼写 （一）用所给词适当形式填空 1. Johnson is a ______ (cheer) man. He can always find wonderful things in life. 【答案】cheerful 【解析】句意：约翰逊是个乐观的人，他总能在生活中发现美好的事物。此处修饰名词man，需要形容词，cheer的形容词形式是cheerful，意为“快乐的、开朗的”，符合语境，故填cheerful。 2. It’s ______ (use) to cry. You should cheer up and try again. 【答案】useless 【解析】句意：哭是没用的，你应该振作起来再试一次。此处作表语需要形容词，根据句意“哭没用”，use的形容词否定形式是useless，意为“无用的”，故填useless。 3. Daniel often goes on the Internet to find answers to his ______ (end) questions. 【答案】endless 【解析】句意：丹尼尔经常上网查找他数不清的问题的答案。此处修饰名词questions需要形容词，end的形容词形式endless意为“无尽的、数不清的”，符合语境，故填endless。 4. I felt so tired after a ______ (sleep) night. 【答案】sleepless 【解析】句意：熬了一个不眠之夜后我觉得特别累。此处修饰名词night需要形容词，根据句意“没睡觉的夜晚”，sleep的形容词否定形式sleepless意为“失眠的、没睡的”，故填sleepless。 5. It’s ______ (meaning) for us to protect the environment. 【答案】meaningful 【解析】句意：对我们来说保护环境是有意义的。此处作表语需要形容词，meaning的形容词形式meaningful意为“有意义的”，符合语境，故填meaningful。 6. Whenever you feel like ______ (give) up, think about your dream. 【答案】giving 【解析】句意：无论什么时候你想要放弃，都想想你的梦想。固定搭配feel like doing sth. 表示“想要做某事”，介词like后接动名词，故填giving。 7. My brother is so energetic. He never seems ______ (get) tired. 【答案】to get 【解析】句意：我弟弟精力特别充沛，他好像从来不会累。固定搭配seem to do sth. 表示“似乎、好像做某事”，seem后接动词不定式，故填to get。 8. Do you know how ______ (stay) active in class? 【答案】to stay 【解析】句意：你知道怎么在课堂上保持活跃吗？此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，how to do sth. 表示“如何做某事”，故填to stay。 9. Mum encourages me ______ (keep) trying all the time. 【答案】to keep 【解析】句意：妈妈一直鼓励我坚持尝试。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth. 表示“鼓励某人做某事”，动词encourage后接不定式作宾补，故填to keep。 10. As time went by, little Tom ______ (understand) his parents. 【答案】understood 【解析】句意：随着时间流逝，小汤姆慢慢理解了他的父母。根据前半句的went by可知句子是一般过去时，understand的过去式是understood，故填understood。 11. Simon is the ______ (tall) boy in his class. No other boy is taller than him. 【答案】tallest 【解析】句意：西蒙是班里最高的男生，没有其他男生比他高。范围是in his class（三者及以上），要用形容词最高级，tall的最高级是tallest，前面加定冠词the，故填tallest。 12. My brother is two years ______ (old) than me. 【答案】older 【解析】句意：我哥哥比我大两岁。than是比较级的标志词，此处要用形容词比较级，old的比较级是older，故填older。 13. Andrew looked ______ (sad) than yesterday because he didn’t find his lost books. 【答案】sadder 【解析】句意：安德鲁看起来比昨天更难过，因为他没找到丢失的书。than是比较级的标志词，sad的比较级要双写尾字母加-er，即sadder，故填sadder。 14. Tom and Alex spent weeks ______ (create) a solar-powered robot named “Spark”. 【答案】creating 【解析】句意：汤姆和亚历克斯花了几周时间制作了一个叫“星火”的太阳能机器人。固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth. 表示“花费时间做某事”，介词in后接动名词，故填creating。 15. The project was ______ (meaning) one among all the projects, so it won the “Most Creative Idea” award. 【答案】the most meaningful 【解析】句意：这个项目是所有项目里最有意义的，因此获得了“最佳创意奖”。范围是among all the projects（三者及以上），要用形容词最高级；meaningful是多音节词，最高级为most meaningful，前面加定冠词the，故填the most meaningful。 （二）首字母填空 1. You can always trust the boy because he is very h______. 【答案】honest 【解析】句意：你永远可以信任这个男孩，因为他非常诚实。根据“可以信任”和首字母h可知，honest意为“诚实的”，符合语境，故填honest。 2. The sad news made Lucy u______ and she cried sadly. 【答案】unhappy 【解析】句意：这个坏消息让露西很不开心，她哭得很伤心。根据“坏消息、哭了”和首字母u可知，unhappy意为“不开心的”，符合语境，故填unhappy。 3. Lucy is a(n) h______ girl. Her jokes never fail to make us laugh. 【答案】humorous 【解析】句意：露西是个幽默的女孩，她的笑话总能把我们逗笑。根据“讲笑话让人笑”和首字母h可知，humorous意为“幽默的”，符合语境，故填humorous。 4. The hat makes Chaplin look a little bit f______. 【答案】funny 【解析】句意：这顶帽子让卓别林看起来有点滑稽。根据首字母f和句意“看起来滑稽”可知，funny意为“好笑的、滑稽的”，符合语境，故填funny。 5. We all felt b______ with the film. Some even fell asleep in the cinema. 【答案】bored 【解析】句意：我们都觉得这部电影很无聊，有人甚至在电影院睡着了。主语是人，表示“人感到无聊”用bored，固定搭配feel bored with表示“对……感到厌烦”，故填bored。 6. The snowman’s nose looked so f______. I couldn’t stop laughing when I saw it. 【答案】funny 【解析】句意：雪人的鼻子看起来太好笑了，我看到就忍不住笑。根据“忍不住笑”和首字母f可知，funny意为“滑稽的、好笑的”，修饰事物，符合语境，故填funny。 7. We should be b______ to face the difficulties in our life. 【答案】brave 【解析】句意：我们应该勇敢面对生活中的困难。根据“面对困难”和首字母b可知，brave意为“勇敢的”，符合语境，故填brave。 8. A lot of wild animals are in d______ now. We need to protect them. 【答案】danger 【解析】句意：很多野生动物现在处于危险中，我们需要保护它们。固定搭配in danger表示“处于危险中”，故填danger。 9. —What’s the h______ of the tower? —Maybe 200 metres. 【答案】height 【解析】句意：——这座塔的高度是多少？——大概200米。根据答语是高度和首字母h可知，height意为“高度”，the height of表示“……的高度”，故填height。 10. It’s generally believed that bears seldom a______ dead people. 【答案】attack 【解析】句意：人们普遍认为熊很少攻击死人。根据首字母a和句意“攻击”可知，attack意为“攻击、袭击”，符合语境，故填attack。 11. The fireman was b______ enough to save the little boy from the big fire. 【答案】brave 【解析】句意：消防员足够勇敢，从大火里救出了小男孩。根据“救火”和首字母b可知，brave意为“勇敢的”，形容词+enough表示“足够……”，故填brave。 12. Linda is trustworthy. I usually tell her my worries and she can keep them s______. 【答案】secret 【解析】句意：琳达很值得信任，我经常把烦恼告诉她，她能保密。根据“值得信任”和首字母s可知，keep sth. secret表示“保守某事的秘密”，secret此处作形容词，意为“秘密的”，故填secret。 13. Max is a h______ boy. He seems to have endless jokes. 【答案】humorous 【解析】句意：马克斯是个幽默的男孩，他好像有讲不完的笑话。根据“讲不完的笑话”和首字母h可知，humorous意为“幽默的”，符合语境，故填humorous。 （三）方框选词（用方框内所给内容的适当形式填空） come towards, in times of danger, give you a chance, get along with 1. A true friend never leaves you alone ______. 【答案】in times of danger 【解析】句意：真正的朋友从不会在你危险的时候丢下你一个人。根据句意“在危险时刻”，in times of danger表示“在危险之际”，符合语境，故填in times of danger。 2. Look! Can you see a tiger ______ us? 【答案】coming towards 【解析】句意：看！你能看到一只老虎正朝我们过来吗？固定搭配see sb./sth. doing sth. 表示“看到某物正在做某事”，come towards表示“朝……走来”，此处用现在分词形式，故填coming towards。 3. Mr Wu will give us a talk on how to ______ others. 【答案】get along with 【解析】句意：吴老师会给我们做一个关于如何和他人相处的讲座。根据句意“和别人相处”，get along with sb. 表示“和某人和睦相处”，how to后接动词原形，故填get along with。 4. This club ______ to meet people with the same interest as you. 【答案】gives you a chance 【解析】句意：这个俱乐部给你一个认识和你有相同爱好的人的机会。主语this club是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式，give you a chance表示“给你一个机会”，故填gives you a chance。 do well in, feel down, square, trustworthy, quality 1. I often talk with my good friend Nick. This way, we ______ each other better. 【答案】get to know（注：结合语境推断方框词应为笔误，此处表达“更好地了解彼此”，符合单元交友主题） 【解析】句意：我经常和我的好朋友尼克聊天，这样我们能更好地了解彼此。根据“经常聊天”可知，是加深对彼此的了解，get to know表示“逐渐了解”，符合语境。 2. Sandy is a ______ friend and I am willing to share everything with her. 【答案】trustworthy 【解析】句意：桑迪是个值得信赖的朋友，我愿意和她分享所有事。此处修饰名词friend需要形容词，trustworthy意为“值得信赖的”，符合“愿意分享一切”的语境，故填trustworthy。 3. Every time when Mandy ______, her pet dog Gigi will go and cheer her up. 【答案】feels down 【解析】句意：每次曼迪情绪低落的时候，她的宠物狗吉吉都会过来安慰她。根据“cheer her up（让她振作）”可知，前文是情绪低落，主语Mandy是第三人称单数，feel用三单形式feels，故填feels down。 4. Mr Wu praised me because I ______ the English test. 【答案】did well in 【解析】句意：吴老师表扬了我，因为我英语考试考得很好。根据“praised”可知句子是一般过去时，do well in表示“在……做得好、擅长”，do的过去式是did，故填did well in。 5. One of the most important ______ is honesty. 【答案】qualities 【解析】句意：最重要的品质之一就是诚实。固定结构one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”，quality意为“品质”，复数形式是qualities，故填qualities。 二、单项选择 1. To ______, I like to make friends with talkative people. A. make B. makes C. tell the truth D. tell lies 【答案】C 【解析】句意：说实话，我喜欢和健谈的人交朋友。固定搭配to tell the truth表示“说实话、老实说”，符合语境；tell lies意为“说谎”，不符合句意，故选C。 2. ______ people never feel down easily and they always believe in themselves. A. Careful B. Cheerful C. Patient D. Polite 【答案】B 【解析】句意：乐观开朗的人不会轻易情绪低落，他们总是相信自己。A. 仔细的；B. 开朗的、乐观的；C. 耐心的；D. 有礼貌的。根据“不会轻易低落、相信自己”的描述，cheerful符合人物品质，故选B。 3. —Good friends should always be kind and thoughtful. —______. A. Me too B. I agree C. All right D. Go ahead 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——好朋友应该永远善良又体贴。——我同意。A. 我也是；B. 我同意；C. 好的；D. 继续、说吧。回应别人的观点表示赞同时，用I agree最符合语境，故选B。 4. My little brother is a ______ boy. He always tells us jokes to make us laugh. A. clever B. tidy C. humorous D. lazy 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我弟弟是个幽默的男孩，他总是讲笑话逗我们笑。A. 聪明的；B. 整洁的；C. 幽默的；D. 懒惰的。根据“讲笑话让人笑”的特征，humorous符合人物描述，故选C。 5. The girl has a good ______ of balance. She is a great dancer. A. feel B. taste C. sense D. fun 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这个女孩平衡感很好，她是个很棒的舞者。固定搭配a sense of balance表示“平衡感”，sense意为“感觉、感知力”，是固定搭配用法，故选C。 6. We can call 110 ______ when we are in trouble. A. any time B. at times C. at a time D. at some time 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们遇到麻烦的时候随时可以打110。A. 任何时候；B. 有时；C. 一次、每次；D. 在某个时候。根据句意“任何时候都可以求助”，any time符合语境，故选A。 7. My sister’s hair is longer than ______. A. me B. mine C. you D. your 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我姐姐的头发比我的长。比较句中比较对象要保持一致，前面对比的是my sister's hair（我姐姐的头发），后面对应“我的头发”，要用名词性物主代词mine指代my hair，故选B。 8. She is always there when I need someone ______. A. to talk B. to talk to C. talking D. talking to 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当我需要有人倾诉的时候，她总是在那里。不定式作后置定语修饰someone，“和某人交谈”的完整表达是talk to sb.，介词to不能省略，即someone to talk to，故选B。 9. —Which city is ______, Haikou or Kunming? —Haikou, I think. A. hottest B. hot C. the hot D. hotter 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——哪个城市更热，海口还是昆明？——我觉得是海口。两者之间的对比要用形容词比较级，hot的比较级要双写尾字母加-er，即hotter，故选D。 10. —How are you feeling now, Jim? —I am feeling ______ after a good sleep. Thanks. A. more better B. more well C. much better D. much well 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——吉姆，你现在感觉怎么样？——睡了个好觉之后我好多了，谢谢。表示“好多了”用much better，much可以修饰形容词比较级，用来加强程度；more不能修饰比较级，well的比较级是better，故选C。 11. If everyone can give a helping hand to others, the world will become ______. A. beautiful and beautiful B. beautifuller and beautifuller C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and more beautiful 【答案】C 【解析】句意：如果每个人都能伸出援手帮助别人，世界会变得越来越美丽。“比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”，多音节形容词beautiful的比较级是more beautiful，“越来越美丽”的正确固定表达是more and more beautiful，故选C。 12. Betty is one of my ______ friends. A. better B. best C. the better D. the best 【答案】B 【解析】句意：贝蒂是我最好的朋友之一。固定结构one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数，表示“最……之一”；当最高级前面有形容词性物主代词my修饰时，定冠词the要省略，故选B。 13. —What do you think of the film? —It can’t be ______. I fell asleep during it. A. better B. best C. worse D. worst 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你觉得这部电影怎么样？——不能更差了，我中途都睡着了。“can't be + 形容词比较级”表达最高级含义，意为“不能更……了”；根据“看睡着了”可知电影质量很差，用bad的比较级worse，故选C。 14. Millie is ______ honest girl and never says a bad word about anyone. A. a B. an C. the D. / 【答案】B 【解析】句意：米莉是个诚实的女孩，从不说任何人的坏话。honest的首字母h不发音，单词以元音音素开头，泛指“一个”时要用不定冠词an，故选B。 15. The Amazon River is ______ river in the world. A. the second long B. second longest C. the two longest D. the second longest 【答案】D 【解析】句意：亚马逊河是世界上第二长的河流。“the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级”是固定结构，表示“第几最……的”，“第二长”的正确表达是the second longest，故选D。 三、完形填空 A This happened to me at the age of twelve. I can’t remember the name of the old lady, but she is still in my 1______ today. She taught me a lesson in tolerance (宽容), which I shall never forget. On a winter afternoon, a friend and I were 2______ stones onto the roof of the old lady’s house. I found a perfectly smooth stone and threw it out. However, the stone was too smooth, so it slipped (滑) from my hand. It headed straight not for the roof but for a small 3______ on the old lady’s back porch (门廊). At the sound of broken glass, we knew we were in trouble and 4______ away. I was too scared about getting caught by the old lady that first night. 5______, a few days later, when I was sure that I wasn’t discovered (发现), I started to feel guilty (感到内疚的). She 6______ greeted me with a smile each day when I gave her the newspaper, but I was no longer able to act comfortably. I decided to 7______ for her window with the paper delivery (递送) money I collected. I put the money in an envelope (信封), with a note saying I was 8______ for breaking her window and hoped that the seven dollars would be enough for repairing it. I waited 9______ it was dark, snuck (偷偷地走) up to the old lady’s house and put the letter I didn’t sign at the door. Once again, I could have the freedom of looking straight 10______ the old lady’s kind eyes. 1. A. diary B. mind C. notebook D. handbag 2. A. throwing B. carrying C. choosing D. putting 3. A. roof B. door C. window D. wall 4. A. swam B. flew C. jumped D. ran 5. A. Or B. So C. However D. Because 6. A. often B. just C. always D. still 7. A. ask B. look C. pay D. care 8. A. late B. sorry C. ready D. good 9. A. before B. after C. to D. till 10. A. for B. into C. through D. around 【答案】 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.D 10.B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者小时候打碎了老太太家的窗户，一开始逃跑，后来内心愧疚，最终赔钱道歉的故事，传达了宽容与担当的道理。 1. 句意：我记不清那位老太太的名字了，但她直到今天还在我的脑海里。 A. 日记；B. 脑海、头脑；C. 笔记本；D. 手提包。in one's mind表示“在某人脑海里”，符合语境，故选B。 2. 句意：一个冬天的下午，我和朋友往老太太家的屋顶扔石头。 A. 扔；B. 搬运；C. 选择；D. 放。根据后文threw it out可知，这里是扔石头，故选A。 3. 句意：石头没飞向屋顶，而是径直砸向了老太太后门廊的一扇小窗户。 A. 屋顶；B. 门；C. 窗户；D. 墙。根据后文broken glass（碎玻璃）可知是打碎了窗户，故选C。 4. 句意：听到玻璃碎的声音，我们知道闯祸了，赶紧跑开了。 A. 游泳；B. 飞；C. 跳；D. 跑。run away表示“逃跑、跑开”，符合闯祸后的反应，故选D。 5. 句意：然而，几天之后，当我确定自己没被发现时，我开始感到内疚。 A. 或者；B. 所以；C. 然而；D. 因为。前文是害怕被抓，后文是开始内疚，是转折关系，故选C。 6. 句意：我给她送报纸的时候，她仍然每天笑着和我打招呼。 A. 经常；B. 只是；C. 总是；D. 仍然。老太太不知道是作者打碎的，所以仍然和往常一样打招呼，故选D。 7. 句意：我决定用我攒的送报纸的钱赔偿她的窗户。 A. 询问；B. 看；C. 支付；D. 关心。pay for表示“赔偿、为……付钱”，符合语境，故选C。 8. 句意：我把钱放进信封里，附了一张纸条，说我很抱歉打碎了她的窗户。 A. 晚的；B. 抱歉的；C. 准备好的；D. 好的。be sorry for doing sth. 表示“为做了某事感到抱歉”，符合道歉的语境，故选B。 9. 句意：我一直等到天黑，偷偷溜到老太太家，把没署名的信放在了门口。 A. 在……之前；B. 在……之后；C. 到；D. 直到。till表示“直到”，符合“等到天黑”的语境，故选D。 10. 句意：我终于又可以坦然地直视老太太善良的眼睛了。look straight into one's eyes表示“直视某人的眼睛”，是固定搭配，故选B。 B Friends are very important in our everyday life. Everyone 1______ friends. We all feel close to someone. It is 2______ to have a friend to talk, laugh and do things with. Of course, sometimes we need to be alone. We don’t always want people around. 3______ we will feel lonely if we never have a friend. Friends 4______ don’t get on well. That doesn’t mean that they don’t like each other any more. Most of the time they will make up and become friends again. Sometimes friends move away. Then we feel very 5______. We miss them very much, but we can 6______ them or write to them. And we can 7______ new friends. It is wonderful to 8______ how much we like new people when we get to know them. There’s more good news for people who have friends. Researches (研究) show that they live 9______ than people who don’t. Why? Friends can make you feel happy and that helps you stay well. Also, if 10______ cares about you, you will also take good care of yourself. 1. A. hopes B. hates C. needs D. becomes 2. A. nice B. hard C. easy D. fast 3. A. Because B. So C. But D. Or 4. A. always B. sometimes C. often D. usually 5. A. angry B. sad C. happy D. excited 6. A. call B. ask C. tell D. believe 7. A. help B. trust C. make D. support 8. A. look up B. find out C. think about D. look at 9. A. longer B. shorter C. bigger D. smaller 10. A. nobody B. none C. somebody D. anybody 【答案】 1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了朋友在生活中的重要性，以及交朋友、维系友谊的相关内容。 1. 句意：每个人都需要朋友。A. 希望；B. 讨厌；C. 需要；D. 成为。根据前文“朋友在日常生活中很重要”可知，每个人都需要朋友，故选C。 2. 句意：有一个朋友一起聊天、大笑、做事情是很美好的。A. 美好的；B. 困难的；C. 简单的；D. 快的。根据语境，有朋友相伴是好事，nice符合句意，故选A。 3. 句意：但如果我们从来没有朋友，就会感到孤独。A. 因为；B. 所以；C. 但是；D. 或者。前文说我们有时需要独处，后文说没朋友会孤独，是转折关系，故选C。 4. 句意：朋友有时候相处得不好。A. 总是；B. 有时；C. 经常；D. 通常。根据后文“不代表他们不喜欢对方，之后会和好”可知，是偶尔相处不好，故选B。 5. 句意：有时候朋友搬走了，我们会感到很难过。A. 生气的；B. 难过的；C. 开心的；D. 兴奋的。朋友搬走会让人难过，sad符合语境，故选B。 6. 句意：我们会很想念他们，但可以给他们打电话或者写信。A. 打电话；B. 询问；C. 告诉；D. 相信。和write to（写信）对应的联系方式是call（打电话），故选A。 7. 句意：我们也可以交新朋友。固定搭配make friends表示“交朋友”，是常用表达，故选C。 8. 句意：当我们了解新朋友的时候，会发现自己有多喜欢他们，这很奇妙。A. 查阅；B. 发现、弄清楚；C. 思考；D. 看。find out表示“发现、查明”，符合“发现自己喜欢新朋友”的语境，故选B。 9. 句意：研究表明，有朋友的人比没有朋友的人活得更长。 A. 更长；B. 更短；C. 更大；D. 更小。根据后文“朋友让人开心、保持健康”可知，有朋友的人寿命更长，故选A。 10. 句意：而且，如果有人关心你，你也会好好照顾自己。A. 没有人；B. 没有一个；C. 某人、有人；D. 任何人。somebody表示“某人”，用在肯定句中，符合语境，故选C。 四、语法填空 Friendship plays an important part in our lives. Though it is important to have friends, some of us don’t know how 1.______ (make) friends. Here is some 2.______ (advise). First, you should learn to say hello to others. With a smile 3.______ your face, you will look more easy-going. The student sitting next to you is more likely to be your friend, 4.______ you two have more chances to start talking. Second, you should learn to be a good 5.______ (listen). You can try to ask your new friends questions. And just listen carefully when they are talking. Remember 6.______ (nod) from time to time. It means you are 7.______ (interest) in their words. 8.______ (final), try to be a warm-hearted person. This way, 9.______ (make) friends can be easier for you. I hope you can make some really good friends and your 10.______ (friend) will last forever. 【答案】 1. to make 2. advice 3. on 4. because 5. listener 6. to nod 7. interested 8. Finally 9. making 10. friendship 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，给出了几条交朋友的建议，介绍了友谊的重要性。 1. 句意：虽然有朋友很重要，但我们有些人不知道怎么交朋友。此处是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构作宾语，how to do sth. 表示“如何做某事”，故填to make。 2. 句意：这里有一些建议。some后接名词，advise是动词，对应的名词是advice，为不可数名词，故填advice。 3. 句意：脸上带着笑容，你会看起来更随和。固定搭配on one's face表示“在某人脸上”，用介词on，故填on。 4. 句意：坐在你旁边的同学更有可能成为你的朋友，因为你们俩有更多机会开始聊天。前文是结果，后文是原因，用because引导原因状语从句，故填because。 5. 句意：第二，你应该学会做一个好的倾听者。前面有形容词good修饰，需要名词；listen是动词，对应的表示人的名词是listener（倾听者），故填listener。 6. 句意：记得时不时点头。固定搭配remember to do sth. 表示“记得去做某事”（事情还没做），符合建议的语境，故填to nod。 7. 句意：这意味着你对他们说的话感兴趣。固定搭配be interested in表示“对……感兴趣”，修饰人用interested，故填interested。 8. 句意：最后，试着做一个热心的人。此处作状语修饰整个句子，要用副词；final的副词形式是finally，句首首字母大写，故填Finally。 9. 句意：这样的话，交朋友对你来说就会更容易。此处是动名词短语作句子主语，make的动名词形式是making，故填making。 10. 句意：我希望你能交到真正的好朋友，你们的友谊会永远延续。此处作从句主语，需要名词；根据“永远延续”可知是友谊，friendship表示“友谊”，故填friendship。 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $