综合专题02 阅读理解应用文+议论文（专项训练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语真题题源解密

**基本信息** 聚焦高考阅读理解高频题型，系统整合应用文（广告、旅游、通知等）与议论文，通过典型语篇训练信息提取与逻辑分析能力，契合语言能力与思维品质培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |应用文（广告布告/旅游/通知）|18篇|细节查找、信息匹配、目的推断|从具体事实获取到语篇结构理解，层层递进| |议论文|8篇|观点分析、逻辑推理、作者态度|从论点识别到论证过程分析，培养批判性思维|

综合专题02 阅读理解(应用文+议论文)(26篇) 考向一 广告布告类 Passage 1 (2026届江苏无锡市南菁高级中学高三下学期考前学情自测)If you need accessible tickets for the WOMAD Festival 2026, you can follow this clear step-by-step guide to make your booking process simple and efficient. The system aims to support disabled visitors and those with special access requirements so they can fully take part in the festival without unnecessary difficulties. Buy your own festival ticket First of all, you need to purchase your own WOMAD Festival ticket through the official website. Importantly, you do not need to buy a ticket for your essential companion. If your Access Card or WOMAD Festival Digital Access Pass clearly shows that you require an essential companion, we will provide you with a companion ticket completely free of charge. Apply for an Access Card or Digital Access Pass You must have either an Access Card or a WOMAD Festival Digital Access Pass to continue. To apply, you need to provide supporting documentation and prove your access requirements via Nimbus. Nimbus will then assess your application carefully. Once your application is approved, you will receive your Digital Access Pass. If you already have a valid Access Card from Nimbus Disability, you can skip this step and go directly to the next step. Complete the online Accessibility Form After receiving your Digital Access Pass or Access Card, you should complete our official online Accessibility Form. You must have your pass ID number ready, as it is a necessary part of your application. Receive email confirmation Finally, you will get an email confirming your approved accessible facilities. If you have any further questions or need additional help, please contact us at accessible_enquiries@womad.org. 1. Where can you most probably read this text? A. In the festival site map. B. On a ticket-selling platform. C. In a city guide for visitors. D. On the festival’s official website. 2. Who can get a free essential companion ticket? A. Those who complete the Accessibility Form. B. Visitors who have bought tickets in advance. C. Applicants for an Access Card through Nimbus. D. Disabled visitors whose pass indicates the need. 3. Which of the following shows the correct order of steps to get accessible tickets? ① Get the confirmation email. ② Purchase a personal admission ticket. ③ Submit the online Accessibility Form. ④ Obtain an Access Card or Digital Pass. A. ②→①→③→④ B. ③→②→①→④ C. ②→④→③→① D. ③→②→④→① Passage 2 (2026届江苏南京市第六十六中学高三考前模拟) Farmer for a day Your introduction to the wonderful world of farming Experience Overview Farmer Experience Days is suitable for children over 10 years old and adults, which provides the most popular activities in Rushmoor Farm Park. This is a great opportunity to see how a farm works and how to care for animals. You will join one of our team members performing farming duties. Experience Price One Person: £ 55            Two People: £ 80 All participants will be given a Rushmoor farmer T-shirt. Lunch will be included with a pot of tea or coffee. Cupcakes, pudding and other desserts are not included in the price. What to Expect The day starts at 10 a.m. You will be welcomed by one of our team members and get a brief safety chat. The first activity is feeding pigs. Then you can expect to brush rabbits and clean horses. Horse-riding is allowed under guidance, for adults only. Our Jersey cows also need milking so you’ll be showed all about it and try hand milking. Finishing time is not fixed but all activities should end around 3 pm. You can choose to return home by our free bus at 4 p.m. Additional Information ＊Children must be accompanied by an adult (even if non-participating). ＊Please wear suitable clothes and footwear. Click here(http://www.farm 520.com) to simply fill out your details and select your desired day. 4. Which of the following requires extra money? A. Lunch. B. The farmer T-shirt. C. Desserts. D. The bus ride. 5. What can children do during the day? A. Feed cows. B. Learn milking. C. Ride horses. D. Plant trees. 6. Where does the text most likely appear? A. In a park website. B. In a farm introduction. C. In a travel brochure. D. In a children magazine. Passage 3 (2026届江苏徐州市第三中学高考前最后一卷) A Guide to an Online Learning Platform Online education has become an increasingly popular choice for high school students. To help you make better use of digital study tools, here is basic information about a broadly used online learning platform. Main Functions The platform combines a wide range of advanced learning tools, including pre-recorded video courses, live interactive lectures and automatic homework assessment. It also creates personalized study plans based on students’ academic performance and learning weaknesses, allowing users to download learning materials for offline use when network access is not available. Course Categories ●Basic Academic Courses: it covers fundamental subjects for senior high students, including Math, English and Chinese. ●Exam-oriented Courses: it provides abundant courses designed for exam revision and key point consolidation. ● Ability-improving Courses: it offers various skill-building programs to develop students’ comprehensive abilities. Service & Pricing The following chart shows different membership choices and the courses included. Membership Type Price Courses Included Monthly $39 Basic Academic Courses Quarterly $99 Any two types of the three courses Yearly $364 All three types of courses ●New users can enjoy a 7-day free trial of all courses. ●Online customer service is provided to solve technical problems quickly. User Tips To make online learning more effective, students are encouraged to set clear daily learning targets and avoid distractions during class. Meanwhile, reviewing key points in time is strongly suggested, as it helps deepen understanding and improves long-term memory. 7. What can the platform do for students? A. Assist them to record video courses. B. Help them make tailored learning plans. C. Teach them how to give interactive lectures. D. Remove their learning weaknesses for good. 8. What is the lowest cost of two-course types for 6 months? A. $182. B. $198. C. $234. D. $364. 9. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To compare different online courses. B. To teach students how to study online. C. To show how to design online courses. D. To introduce an online learning platform. Passage 4 (2026届湖南长沙市金律艺术高级中学有限公司考前模拟) Invasive(入侵的) Species Management Placencia, Belize Make a difference by removing lion-fish, an invasive species destroying reef ecosystems of the Caribbean. Learn to dive while removing lion-fish. Each week/day will differ but you will be participating in the following areas: Removing Invasive Lion-fish; Whale Shark Observation (if spotted); Biodiversity Identification Dive; Beach Clean-ups. Marine Research Expedition Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy You will join an international crew aboard a sailboat to work for the protection of our seas. And you will learn to collect data, organize and enjoy the sea at its best! Of primary note is that it is one of the world’s best spots for water sports. Gain experience in Marine Research in the field (under water). Get close up to dolphins and whales in the wild. Wildlife Supporter Port Elizabeth, South Africa Volunteer at a Game Reserve that hosts the Big 5 and support the local staff in monitoring the animals. Work up close with the famous Big 5! Join our reserve for orphaned and injured non-dangerous animals. Make a difference in the rescue, recovery and release of wildlife, giving them a second chance at being free and wild again. Climate and Environmentalist Supporter Hanga Roa, Chile Be a volunteer on the amazing Easter Island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean and get involved in climate and nature protection. Responsibilities include: Teamwork in the climate protection program; Collection of plant seeds; Control of seed settlement on the plantation; Conservation of native seeds and plants; Reforestation work. 10. What activity will volunteers do by chance in Placencia? A. Clean up the beach. B. Dive under water to see lion-fish. C. Collect data on a marine animal. D. Observe whale sharks carefully. 11. What is Tyrrhenian Sea famous for? A. Its vivid lives in the ocean. B. Its perfect place for surfing. C. Its wild dolphins and whales. D. Its best spot for marine researches. 12. Which activity is suitable for volunteers majoring in medicine? A. Wildlife Supporter. B. Marine Research Expedition. C. Invasive Species Management. D. Climate and Environmentalist Supporter. Passage 5 (2026届四川省泸州市叙永县第一中学校二模)The news cycle is driving us to the edge of madness, so why not switch off, unplug and pick up a book? We know you could use a laugh right now — and luckily, several thousands of you told us all about the books, stories and poems that make you laugh. We took your votes and with the help of our panel(专家小组) of expert judges we created this list of 100 reads designed to make you laugh out loud. Want slice-of-life essays? Loopy poetry? Texts from famous literary figures? Scroll down — we’ve got it all. As with all our reader polls, this is a curated(精心筹划的) list and not a straight-up popularity contest; unlike last year, you’ll see the books are grouped into categories rather than ranked from one to 100. And, as always, there are a few things that didn’t make the list — surprisingly, Shakespeare didn’t get enough votes to make it to the semifinals. Then there were books that didn’t quite stand the test of time, or were so new we couldn’t tell whether they’d stand up. Some of the authors on this list are incredibly popular, and you voted them in over and over again. Because space is limited, we try to hold each author to one spot on the list, but there are some exceptions such as Nora Ephron, who our judges thought was perfect. And speaking of our judges, you will find a couple of their works on the list this year — we don’t let judges vote for their own works, but readers loved works such as Samantha Irby’s We Are Never Meeting In Real Life, so the panel agreed they should stay. Laughter is the best medicine. Just click here and start reading! 13. How is the list of this year different from that of last year? A. More books are included. B. It is made all by readers. C. It mainly focuses on poetry. D. The listed books are classified. 14. What can we learn about Nora Ephron? A. She fails to stand the test of time. B. She is not so popular as other authors. C. She gets more than one spot on the list. D. She belongs to the panel of expert judges. 15. Why is We Are Never Meeting In Real Life kept on the list? A. It is written by a judge. B. It reflects real life. C. It gets enough readers’ votes. D. It attracts the experts. Passage 6 (2026届湖南株洲市南方中学高三二轮复习阶段性测试)The greater Rochester area is filled with opportunities to study and perform music in the summer! Roberts Community School Roberts Community Music School has exciting summer music al opportunities for families on the west side of Rochester. It offers two 7-week Early Childhood Classes, Piano Discoveries, and a Ukulele Choir. Lessons are available for piano, voice, stringed instruments, and woodwind & brass(铜管乐器). School of Rock—Rochester With camp choices for all ages and skill levels, School of Rock is the perfect summer activity for your child. Our summer music camps are performance-based, meaning students learn to play by performing together in a fun environment. From beginner camps to songwriting and themed camps, we offer a wide variety of options to ensure your child has an amazing music al experience. Our goal is to prepare teens for live performances on stage. Eastman Community Music School The Eastman Community Music School offers different day programs and overnight music camps this summer for middle and high school students, including Adventure Music Camp for Middle Schoolers, Summer Jazz Studies for High School Students, Baroque workshops, and New Horizons Orchestra Camp. Private lessons are also available of all ages, levels, instruments or voice. Bach to Rock Music School Bach to Rock’s Music Camps run each week all summer long for all ages and levels! Our camps are designed for students to work with our highly experienced teachers to learn how to play their instrument of choice, develop a band, learn to play songs they love, and have the opportunity to write and create their music. Each weekly camp ends with an opportunity to record in our studio! Full or half-day camps are available. No experience is necessary. 16. Which school’s programs are designed to get students on stage performing? A. Roberts Community School. B. School of Rock—Rochester. C. Eastman Community Music School. D. Bach to Rock Music School. 17. What is special about Bach to Rock Music Camps? A. They offer overnight camps. B. They require related experience. C. They offer chances to perform in a TV station. D. They can train different kinds of musical skills. 18. Who can take part in the music camps introduced in the text? A. Rochester artists. B. Local families. C. School students. D. Experienced teachers. 考向二 旅游信息类 Passage 1 (2026届浙江宁波市镇海中学高三模拟预测)National parks are more than scenic places on a map: they protect natural landscapes, preserve historic memories and provide visitors with opportunities for outdoor exploration. The following sites show how nature, history and recreation come together in different forms. NATIONAL MONUMENT, Grand Portage It brings to life the past of the North American fur trade from the perspective of the Anishinaabe(阿尼什纳比族), who partnered closely with the North West Company. Walk along wilderness trails that once served as vital trade routes for early travelers and fur traders. Discover the ancient camps and a reconstructed trading depot(仓库) in its historic location. See how it shaped co-management with the government today. NATIONAL RIVER AREA, Mississippi In the middle of a bustling urban setting, this 72-mile river park offers quiet stretches for fishing, boating, birdwatching, bicycling, camping and hiking. And there are plenty of visitor centers and trails that highlight the fascinating human history of the Mississippi River. This is a great place to start your adventure of this iconic river. NATIONAL RIVERWAY, Saint Croix Grab your paddle and love for adventure to the St. Croix, offering over 200 miles of clean water that glides and rushes through a forested landscape. Paddle, boat, fish, and camp among this wild and scenic beauty. Hiking and historic towns also offer rewarding alternatives for your outdoor exploration. 1. What can we learn about Grand Portage National Monument? A. Its role in protecting local wildlife. B. Its history as a fur-trade meeting place. C. Its efforts to reconstruct a trading depot. D. Its influence on present-day global trade. 2. What do NATIONAL RIVER AREA and NATIONAL RIVERWAY have in common? A. Tourist centers. B. Urban landscape. C. Camping choices. D. Environmental protection. 3. Where is the text most likely from? A. A history essay. B. A travel journal. C. A geography textbook. D. A national park website. Passage 2 (2026届湖南高三下学期一模)Nowadays, more and more emphasis is being placed on a building’s “green” certification. On Earth Day, look through four noteworthy green buildings from around the world. One Central Park (Sydney, Australia) A park at the foot of the building literally continues up the structure, as vegetation of 250 species of Australian plants and flowers cover One Central Park. An architectural website says it has 25% less energy consumption compared with a conventional building of its size. Shanghai Tower (Shanghai, China) Shanghai Tower has a transparent second skin wrapped around the building which creates a zone of captured air that serves as natural ventilation(通风), reducing energy costs. Besides, 270 wind devices incorporated into the right side power its outside lights. Marco Polo Tower (Hamburg, Germany) Each floor of Marco Polo Tower is turned a few degrees away from the one below, around an axis(轴线). This allows for recessed(嵌入式) buildings that protect residents from direct sun. This tower also includes many other green features. There is a heat exchanger on the roof that turns warm air into a cooling system. And the natural ventilation can make residents sleep soundly without being disrupted by outside noise. Torre Reforma (Mexico City, Mexico) Torre Reforma rises to 807 feet and stands tall on energy-saving measures, too. The tower’s slimness maximizes the amount of natural light let in, which in turn cuts down on the need for electric lights. And when the weather permits, controls can automatically open windows to let air in. 4. What do we know about One Central Park? A. It makes full use of solar energy. B. It uses a great cooling system. C. It has many plants and flowers. D. It has self-control windows. 5. What do the Shanghai Tower and Marco Polo Tower have in common? A. They are naturally ventilated. B. They are both transparent. C. They generate electricity by wind. D. They harvest energy from sunshine. 6. Where can the text be found? A. In science fiction. B. In an architectural magazine. C. In an autobiography. D. In a weather report. Passage 3 (2026届福建省诏安县高三下学期命题趋势预测) TAKE A DAY TRIP TO INISHMORE The Aran Islands are a group of three islands located off the western coast of Ireland. Inishmore is the largest of the three. A multi-award-winning film was shot here. Ted Fest, a celebration of the TV sitcom Father Ted, is hosted here annually. As a major tourist destination, it offers historical sites, charming beaches and steep cliffs(悬崖) and walking or cycling provides the finest means of exploring the island. How to get to Inishmore Ferry(渡船) from Rossaveel to Inishmore ⇒Cost of a round trip:£30 per adult;€15 per child (5-12 years old);free for children under 4 ⇒Duration: about 40 min. Ferry from Doolin to Inishmore ⇒Cost of a round trip: €39 per adult; €20 per child (5-12 years old); free for children under 4; €105per family (2 adults, 2 children); €120 per family (2 adults, 3 children) ⇒Duration: about 35 min. Flight from Connemara Airport to Inishmore ⇒Cost of a round trip: €63 per adult; €36 per person under 18 years old; free for children under 2 ⇒Duration:  less than 10 min. Popular spots on Inishmore Kilronan Visit the small museum Aran Heritage Center in Kilronan. It has various exhibits such as the traditional clothes and Irish boats on the island. Seal Colony About 8km from Kilronan, across from St. Kieran's church ruins, you may spot seals chilling in the sun or swimming around the bay. Dun Aengus Dun Aengus is a ring fort(堡垒) built more than 3,000 years ago. Bikes are not allowed on site, but you can leave them at the bottom of the hill and walk your way up. Worm Hole Known locally as the Serpent's Lair, this rectangular hole in the rock is a playground for local kids and tourists who want to go cliff diving. 7. What can we know about Inishmore from Paragraph 1? A. It lies in eastern Ireland. B. It is best explored in a car. C. It once served as a movie set. D. It plays host to Ted Fest every two years. 8. How much would a couple pay for a round ferry trip from Doolin to Inishmore? A. €60. B. €78. C. €63. D. €162. 9. Which spot appeals to water sports lovers most? A. Kilronan. B. Seal Colony. C. Dun Aengus. D. Worm Hole. Passage 4 (2026届陕西西安市碑林区西北工业大学附属中学第十四次适应性训练)With the development of technology, life is made much easier when you travel around. Here are some top travel apps for you to use. Yelp When you are in a new location and need a quick recommendation, Yelp comes in handy. It gives insights into the quality of businesses and services, from restaurants to the way in which they work, based on user reviews. The users can certainly make unfair judgements for personal reasons at times, but Yelp often at least lets you get a sense of what to expect. Zomato In China, there is a good chance you have never heard of Zomato. In some countries, however, it is more popular than Yelp, and it covers the same ground. Zomato is a remarkable crowd-sourced review website, mostly for restaurants. In some regions, you can order delivery food through Zomato, too. Happy Cow If you are a person who doesn’t eat meat or fish, or even doesn’t use animal products such as meat, milk or eggs or if you are only looking for a healthy meal option after eating not-so-healthy meals for several days in a row, you are sure to appreciate Happy Cow. The app and web- site help you find restaurants, cafes, health food stores, and other places to get a meat-free meal. Tripadvisor You can read different reviews of hotels, restaurants and even activities, written by members of the Tripadvisor community, as well as see photos they have uploaded so you know what to expect before you arrive. Tripadvisor has relationships with various booking sites, too, which means once you finish researching hotels or restaurants, you can usually reserve them with just a few extra clicks. 10. What do Yelp and Zomato have in common? A. They provide delivery services quickly. B. They expect users to promote their services. C. They only recommend hotels and restaurants. D. They base their recommendations on user reviews. 11. Which app suits the person who doesn’t eat meat? A. Yelp. B. Happy Cow. C. Tripadvisor. D. Zomato. 12. What sets Tripadvisor apart from other travel apps? A. It is offered free of charge. B. It is linked to booking platforms. C. It recommends nearby attractions. D. It gives correct hotel rating information. Passage 5 (2026届湖南省长沙市雷锋学校高三上学期第五次月考)A high-end train journey enables you to experience destinations at a unique pace and in total comfort while enjoying first-class service. These are some of the most exciting rail routes to choose from. GoldenPass Express, Switzerland GoldenPass Express takes passengers from Montreux to Interlaken. It’s a three- hour ride with four departures a day. The heated leather seats can recline(后倾) and rotate(旋转) 180 degrees. They’ re also raised 15 inches higher to boost the views over vineyards, green valleys and blue- ice glaciers. A one- way ticket costs £115. La Dolce Vita, Italy La Dolce Vita train service transports passengers to Italy of the 1960s. There are altogether 30 rooms— plus a bar car where passengers can watch appealing field s fly by as a pianist plays. A variety of impressive off- board experiences are available, from touring vineyards at Montalcino to riding horses in Abruzzo. A one- way ticket starts at £2,140. Spacia X, Japan This train provides a stylish way of making the two- hour journey between Tokyo’s Asakusa station and the city of Nikko. Spacia X also includes comfortable sofas and seats. Passengers can appreciate the scenery as they shoot past mountains, waterfalls and temples. Tickets can be bought online or from any station on the Tobu line. A one- way ticket starts from £7.50. The Vietage, Vietnam The Vietage runs between Da Nang and Quy Nhon in supreme comfort. Travelers can take in the beauty of the Vietnamese countryside over a thirty- course lunch with free drinks. The ticket price also includes a head-and-shoulder massage(按摩). A one- way ticket is £330. 13. Which of the following makes La Dolce Vita stand out? A. Comfortable seats. B. Various off-board experiences. C. Online ticket booking. D. A head-and-shoulder massage. 14. Which of the rail routes provides a hearty lunch? A. Spacia X, Japan. B. La Dolce Vita, Italy. C. The Vietage, Vietnam. D. GoldenPass Express, Switzerland. 15. What do the four rail routes have in common? A. The travel time. B. The ticket price. C. The superior service. D. The adjustable seats. Passage 6 (2026届广西名校高三下学期高考素养评估押题调研)Iceland is rich with jaw-dropping sights. Whether you’re booking a trip based on the cost, the weather, the attractions or the crowds, this guide has you covered. Finest Weather to Visit The weather is the most pleasant in Iceland during the summer months. That’s when average temperatures can range from 50 to 59 degrees Fahrenheit. There are many people who flock to Iceland during this time to enjoy the warmer temperatures and greener landscapes. Best Northern Lights Observing Time The best time to see the Northern Lights is between September and March. Even though Iceland is one of the best places to see the Northern Lights, catching a glimpse(一瞥) of the breathtaking lights is not guaranteed. The conditions need to be just right: clear skies and strong solar activity. Unlike the climate in autumn and spring, the weather can be rough in winter, with lots of rain and snow, which can ultimately ruin your chances of seeing the lights. Cheapest Visiting Time The cheapest time to visit Iceland is during its off-peak season, from September to November. It’s also recommended that bargain(便宜货) hunters visit between January and April, and a little research goes a long way when it comes to landing great travel deals. Whether you’re booking a hotel or motel, plan your trip early, do your research and track prices if you have the time. Many apps work on supply and demand, so booking direct with places often has savings attached. 16. When is the best time to visit Iceland regarding the weather? A. From March to May. B. Between June and August. C. In September and November. D. Around December and February. 17. What’s required for viewing the Northern Lights in Iceland? A. Friendly companions. B. Professional equipment. C. Dependable solar energy. D. Favorable natural conditions. 18. What can we infer from the text? A. Tourists are most likely to see the Northern Lights in winter. B. Visiting Iceland in summer may cost more than in off-peak seasons. C. The weather in Iceland remains stable all year round. D. All apps can help travelers save a lot of money. 考向三 公告、通知、指南、说明书等 Passage 1 (2026届山东宁阳县复圣中学高三模拟测试六)As we move out of the depths of winter, and tip gently into spring, our moods and tastes can transition too; some days we still miss the comfort of winter foods, while, on others, we may feel ready to welcome the lighter, fresher flavors of the new season. This vibrant vegetable and chicken one-pot, finished with lemon and fresh herbs, has you covered, whatever your mood. It, rich in nutrients that help nourish your mind as well as your body; offers warmth and familiarity, alongside freshness and vitality — perfect for those in-between days, gently supporting your mood during this time of transition. SPRING CHICKEN & VEGETABLE ONE-POT (serves 4)Ingredients ❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ 500g skinless chicken legs Moderate Olive oil 150g onions 2 cloves of garlic 2 celery stalks 500ml chicken soup 150g garden peas 200g sugar snap peas 100g asparagus tips 100g natural yoghurt 1 lemon, juiced 10g finely chopped mint 10g finely chopped basil Method •Season the skinless chicken. •Heat moderate olive oil in a pan, fry the chicken until brown on both sides and then set aside on a separate plate. •Now add the onion, garlic, celery to the pan and stir-fry for a few minutes until soft. •Return the chicken to the pan, add the chicken soup and cook gently for around 20 minutes, until the chicken is done. •Then add the peas, sugar snaps and asparagus. Cook for 5 minutes until the vegetables are just tender. Stir in the yogurt. •Just before serving, add the lemon juice, mint, and basil. Adding the lemon too early may discolour the vegetables. Tip for leftovers Add a little cornflour to thicken the sauce, and then serve on top of pasta, or alongside rice. 1. Which can best describe the dish? A. Mind-blowing. B. Eye-catching. C. Memory-enhancing. D. Mood-boosting. 2. Which ingredient is used the most in this recipe? A. Peas. B. Yoghurt. C. Chicken. D. Onion. 3. Why is lemon juice added just before serving? A. To lock in the vegetables’ color. B. To ensure the chicken’s freshness. C. To help the soup take in the flavor. D. To prevent the yogurt from separating. Passage 2 (2026届山东师范大学附属中学高三高考前适应性训练)Due to falling costs, technological advances, and government support, electric vehicle (EV) sales have increased globally — in 2024, 22% of passenger vehicles sold worldwide were electric, eight times higher than just five years earlier. China is by far the dominant player: last year, 48% of its passenger vehicle sales were all-electric, totaling 11 million units, surpassing the 6 million EVs sold in the rest of the world combined. China fell behind in internal combustion engine production, so it saw EVs as a strategic opportunity to gain an edge, while also reducing air pollution and oil dependence. In the period of 2009-2010, it introduced subsidies(补贴) and tax breaks for EV producers and consumers through pilot cities, which could customize support. From 2009 to 2023, the government provided about $230 billion in financial support for EV discounts, tax breaks, and public chargers. The policies have been highly effective. Today, eight of the top ten EV models sold in China are made by Chinese companies. Domestic consumers can choose from over 500 EV models, more than in any other country. Chinese firms have also focused on affordable models: the two best-selling EVs — Geely Geome Xinguyan and BYD Seagull — both cost under $10,000, and on average EVs are cheaper than comparable gasoline cars. Furthermore, China has installed 1.6 million public fast chargers and 1.9 million slow chargers. Cities offer non-monetary benefits, such as removing the expensive, rationed (配给的) license plate process for EV buyers in Beijing and other major cities. 4. What was China’s main purpose of investing in EVs? A. To win a place in a new field. B. To promote the public chargers. C. To compete in battery production. D. To protect the natural environment. 5. When was “zero-emission credit policy” issued? A. In 2012. B. In 2018. C. In 2022. D. In 2024. 6. What was a result of EV policies? A. Higher quality EVs. B. Cheap maintenance price. C. Free license plates. D. Easier access to chargers. Passage 3 (2026届河北沧州市黄骅市河北黄骅中学高三考前模拟) Confucius Institute The Confucius Institute at the University of Minnesota offers several short classes on Chinese language and culture. ★Class Fees The cost of classes is $225 ($170 for Chinese Rehab) ★Class Calendar The Confucius Institute follows the University of Minnesota semester schedule. The Confucius Institute classes start a few weeks after the start of the University semester and last for ten class sessions. Classes are not held on University holidays. The upcoming class sessions will be: Spring 2024: February I-April 7 Summer 2024: June 13-August 25 Tentative class calendar: The schedule may change due to teacher availability. MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY Beginning I, Section A 6:00～7:30 p. m. Beginning I, Section B 6:00～7:30 p. m. Beginning II 6:00～7:30 p. m. Intermediate II 6:00～7:00 p. m. Chinese Rehab 6:30～7:00 p. m. Intermediate I 6:00～7:30 p. m. Beginning III 6:00～7:30 p. m. Intermediate III 6:00～7:30 p. m. ★Class Cancellations Any class not meeting minimum enrollment by four business days before the class start date will be cancelled and you will be contacted. If we must cancel a class due to insufficient enrollment or any other circumstance beyond our control, we will offer a full refund or issue credit towards another class. ★Contact Information The Confucius Institute is located within the University International Center on the east bank of the Twin Cities campus. The University International Center is located in the Keeler Apartment building. Enter at the corner of 17th Avenue S. E. and 4th Street through the doors located near the “University International Center” sign. Office hours The office is generally open Monday through Friday, from 8:00 a. m. until 4:30 p. m. The office is closed daily from 12:00 noon until 1:00 p. m. and is closed on all University holidays. Office Address 160 University International Center, 331-17th Ave. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55414 Phone: 612625-5080 Fax: 612-625-5158 Email: confucius@umn.edu 7. Chinese Rehab ______. A. costs more money B. is held on Monday C. lasts one and a half hours D. has four classes a week 8. To get information about the classes, you can visit the office ______. A. on Monday noon B. at 12:30 a. m., Tuesday C. on Wednesday evening D. at 1:30 p. m., Friday 9. What is TRUE about the classes? A. The schedule may be changeable. B. They can be one-to-one instruction. C. They are held on University holidays. D. They start at the beginning of the University semester. Passage 4 (2026届浙江宁波市镇海中学高三模拟预测13)The fashion industry significantly influences our environment, from major international events to daily clothing. The chart below reveals the hidden environmental cost of fashion weeks last year. These estimates are conservative, as they only include travel emissions from designers and buyers, not other participants. But the problem is much bigger than these events. Fast fashion encourages people to treat clothes as disposable. Clothes stores change their product ranges every few weeks, generating a constant production cycle that causes significant damage to nature. To understand the true cost, we can look at a common item: a pair of jeans. Production: The stage is responsible for the emission of about 13 kilograms of CO2. → Dyeing(染色): The stage consumes over 2,000 liters of water and 10 liters of chemicals and dyes. → Washing: The stage requires over 1,000 liters of water. Overall, the industry accounts for 8% of global CO2 emissions (排放) and 20% of water pollution,  leading the UN to declare an "environmental emergency." In response, a shift is beginning. For major fashion events, new formats combining virtual platforms and real-life elements aim to reduce the carbon footprint of global travel. Beyond the runway, a new initiative is taking shape. The expanding influence of online communication helps raise sustainability awareness, encouraging mindful consumption and driving industry change. 10. Which fashion week had the most serious environmental impact? A. Milan. B. London. C. Paris. D. New York. 11. What is the minimum amount of water required in processing a pair of jeans? A. 1000 liters. B. 2000 liters. C. 3000 liters. D. 3010 liters. 12. What change is the fashion industry experiencing regarding sustainability? A. Reducing event scales. B. Employing digital power. C. Seeking policy support. D. Using cheaper materials. Passage 5 (2026届安徽明光中学等学校高三5月最后一卷三模)Family volunteering abroad offers a chance to reconnect while helping communities, wildlife, and ecosystems around the world. Here are some family volunteering projects for 2026 — unforgettable experiences for families who want to travel with purpose. Project 1: Family Elephant Conservation Project, Sri Lanka For families with children aged 6 +. Spend a week volunteering with your family near Wasgamuwa National Park in Sri Lanka. Help protect wild elephants while discovering the country’s landscapes, wildlife and culture. You can take part in: · Elephant observation and behavior monitoring · Biodiversity surveys and habitat restoration · Traditional crafts and Sri Lankan cooking · Sunrise hikes, birdwatching and canoeing Project 2: Playa Tortuga Family Conservation Program, Costa Rica For families with children aged 7 +. Swap ordinary family holidays for life in a tropical rainforest! Join researchers on Costa Rica’s Pacific coast, surrounded by beaches, forests and coral reefs. Stay at a research centre and take part in: ·Sea turtle hatchling (幼崽) release ·Crocodile surveys ·Butterfly garden projects and environmental education Project 3: Family Cloud Forest Conservation Program, Ecuador For families with children aged 2 +. Immerse yourselves in Ecuador’s rich cloud forests — a best choice for nature-loving families. On our 5-day family journey, you can: · Reforest the area with native trees · Maintain nature trails · Use camera traps to monitor large mammals · Enjoy Spanish lessons and cultural exchange Project 4: Greece Dolphin Family Volunteering Project, Greece For families with children aged 9 +. Join marine biologists on the Gulf of Ambracia, one of Greece’s richest marine areas. You’ll help protect dolphins and monk seals through: · Boat-based surveys and photo ID · Behavioural observations and group counts · Recording other marine species sightings 13. What can visitors do when taking Project 1? A. Enjoy boating at sunset. B. Have a chance to watch birds. C. Take lessons about traditional crafts. D. Study elephants with experts. 14. Which country may a visitor interested in language learning choose? A. Sri Lanka. B. Costa Rica. C. Ecuador. D. Greece. 15. What do the four projects have in common? A. They all welcome kids under five. B. They all provide guide service. C. They all involve animal-monitoring. D. They all contribute to the family bonds. Passage 6 (2026届浙江绍兴市诸暨市高三下学期5月适应性考试) HOW TO ENTER YOUR BEST SHOTIS OPEN TO ANYONE IN AUSTRALIA. TO ENTER AN IMAGE IN THE COMP, CHECK THE COMPETITION THEMES AND ENTER AT AUSTRALIANPHOTOGRAPHY. COM/YAFPHOTOCOMPETITION/ UPCOMING COMPETITION THEMES YOUR ENTRY1.Email your entry to yourbestshot@ australianphotography.com with the name of the competition theme in the email subject line, for example, Weather, Abstract, Landscape, etc. 2. The image file must be the same as your name, for example, Jane Smith. jpg. If you enter multiple images, each new image file name should be appended with a unique number, e.g., Jane Smith 2. jpg. 3. A maximum of three images can be entered per person. 4. Images must be in JPEG format. 5. Email file size must not exceed 7MB. 6. Please include the following information about your entry in the body of your email: Name, image title and up to 200 words explaining how you created your image. Please also include technical details, including camera, lens, focal length, shutter speed, aperture, ISO, tripod (if used) and a brief summary of any software edits. 16. When is the deadline for Mia’s photo of sunbeam through window blinds? A. 31 May 2026. B. 30 September 2026. C. 31 March 2026. D. 30 November 2026. 17. What is required for the entry file? A. Image format. B. Color mode. C. Original work. D. Capture date. 18. What must be included in the email body? A. Contact information. B. A 300-word description. C. Full shooting process. D. Technical specifications. 考向四 议论文 Passage 1 (2026届安徽明光中学等学校高三5月最后一卷三模)Meritocracy(精英管理制度) is a central concept in sociology, referring to a system where individuals’ success is determined by their ability and skills rather than social background or wealth. Originally introduced by Michael Young in 1958, it has become a widely discussed ideal — praised for its promise of equality yet widely debated due to its practical limitations. The key principles are based on “ability-based success”, including equal opportunity for all, emphasis on individual achievement and responsibility, competition as a driver of excellence, and focus on efficiency. These principles imply that through healthy competition, the most capable and hardworking individuals rise to the top, with success viewed as a result of one’s own efforts rather than family connections. The main benefit lies in fairness and social mobility. By rewarding talent and hard work over privilege(特权), meritocracy encourages individuals to invest in developing their abilities and striving for improvement. This encouragement inspires motivation and innovation, develops a sense of control over one’s destiny, and drives societal dynamism. Most importantly, it offers a pathway for disadvantaged individuals to move up the social ladder, breaking cycles of intergenerational poverty through personal efforts. However, meritocracy has significant disadvantages. First, it can reinforce existing inequalities: privileged individuals often have better access to quality education, resources, and social networks, giving an unfair head start. This weakness arises from the unrealistic assumption that everyone starts from the same line, ignoring systemic barriers such as poverty or unequal educational access. Second, meritocracy tends to define competence narrowly, prioritizing intellectual ability or economic productivity while overlooking qualities like empathy, creativity or teamwork. Additionally, its emphasis on individual competition can lead to intense psychological stress and extreme individualism, harming social unity. In conclusion, meritocracy promotes equal opportunity, individual effort and competition. It offers fairness and social mobility but reinforces inequality, ignores systemic barriers, and defines abilities too narrowly. Given these factors, meritocracy should be abandoned as a social ideal — it is false and encourages selfishness and indifference to the unfortunate. 1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Individuals’ competition and efficiency. B. The link between success and effort. C. Personal achievement and responsibility. D. Meritocracy’s principles and significance. 2. What can be inferred about meritocracy? A. It may cause stress and weaken the sense of community. B. It assumes success largely depends on social background. C. It values emotional intelligence more than intellectual ability. D. It claims family wealth fails to affect educational opportunities. 3. How does the author develop the text? A. By listing some facts. B. By comparing pros and cons. C. By citing expert opinions. D. By explaining a definition. 4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To question a major concept in sociology. B. To introduce the history of a sociological concept. C. To discuss effective ways to promote social equality. D. To show how people can succeed in a meritocratic system. Passage 2 (2027届湖南长沙市金秋方舟高级中学有限公司高三考前模拟)Community service, often defined as voluntary work intended to help people in a particular area, has been added to high school curricula(课程) worldwide. One of the main reasons for adding community service to high school education is its obvious impact on personal growth and development. Through community service, students gain valuable life skills that traditional classroom instruction may not fully provide. Moreover, community service provides a real-world context for students to apply academic(学术的) knowledge. For example, a student interested in biology might volunteer at a local animal shelter or take part in conservation projects, gaining practical experience that enriches his/her understanding of classroom theories. Another important benefit of community service is that it helps high school students develop social responsibility and social awareness. By doing community service activities, students become more aware of societal issues. And they will realize the importance of contributing to the common good. Despite its benefits, the introduction of community service to high school curricula is not without challenges. One common concern is that community service may add more stress to high school students who are already under a lot of pressure. Balancing academics, extracurricular activities and personal affairs can be hard, and community service might make them more tired and stressed. Additionally, the quality and accessibility of community service opportunities can be different in different areas. Students in schools or communities with few resources may have fewer opportunities for meaningful service experiences. This actually widens the gap between students. In conclusion, while community service in high school presents certain challenges, its benefits for personal growth and academic enrichment are clear. By adding community service to high school curricula, educators can equip students with essential life skills, develop their sense of public duty and increase their social awareness. Community service not only prepares students for future academic and professional plans but also shapes helpful citizens who are willing to make a positive difference to their communities. 5. What does the author want to tell us in paragraph 2? A. The benefits of community service. B. The importance of learning life skills. C. The advantages of gaining practical experiences. D. The necessity of developing social responsibility. 6. What’s the concern about adding community service to high school education? A. It leads to decrease in extracurricular activities. B. It challenges traditional classroom instruction. C. It increases students’ pressure. D. It affects school work. 7. According to paragraph 4, what may lead to unfairness between students? A. The different academic tasks. B. The unequal access to resources. C. The lack of social awareness. D. The individual differences. 8. What does the author think of community service? A. It takes up too much of students’ study time. B. It should be promoted worldwide. C. It aims to develop academic talents. D. It has a positive influence on students. Passage 3 (2026届山西金科大联考高三年级下学期4月末联考)Are your online browsing(浏览) habits changing? If so, the answer might lie with the answer engine. It is not often that a dictionary takes someone to court. But in September 2025, the Merriam-Webster Dictionary and its parent company, Encyclopedia Britannica Inc, did exactly that. They accused an answer engine called Perplexity AI of unlawfully copying their content and reducing their ability to make money and financial income by taking away visitors from their websites. The lawsuit(诉讼) also claimed that the answer engine had harmed Merriam-Webster’s trademark by linking false information (made up by the AI) to the dictionary. An answer engine is an online tool that provides AI-generated responses to queries(提问), instead of a list of web results for users to browse themselves. In contrast with a traditional search engine, which acts as a middleman between users seeking information and web publishers who provide it, answer engines do the digging for the user by copying data from websites and summarizing it in the form of a direct answer. Even the world’s largest search engine, Google, is adding AI answers above its regular search results. This shift is changing how business is done on the Internet. Fewer people are clicking through to original websites and, zero clicks means a drop in ad incomes and subscriptions. Publishing platforms and content creators are finding that their old strategy for getting noticed online, including search engine optimisation (SEO), is losing its power. They are now trying new methods, like answer engine optimization (AEO). As today’s answer engines steal traffic from websites and the whole economy of the Internet finds itself in change, language relating to the Internet will change too. Users will switch from searching with keywords to asking complex questions in natural, conversational language. Terms such as traffic, hits and clicks are already giving way to content, cited sources and AI mentions. When machines start answering for us, what happens to the joy and luck of discovering for ourselves? Will we keep browsing, exploring and surfing the Internet, if the active role of users is taken over by the uniform output of an answer engine? 9. Why did the Merriam-Webster Dictionary initiate a lawsuit? A. To protect the privacy of its users. B. To accuse Perplexity AI of copying. C. To prevent the spread of false information. D. To defend its trademark and financial interests. 10. How is an answer engine different from a traditional search engine? A. It helps publishers increase income. B. It creates original content not result lists. C. It acts as a final interpreter, not just a gateway. D. It provides free search engines for professionals. 11. What concern does the author express about answer engines? A. Replacing online business. B. Forcing users to pay for AI services. C. Making Internet language complicated. D. Taking away the joy of personal discovery. 12. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Dictionaries’ New Era With AI B. The Rise and Risk of Answer Engines C. Answer Engines: From Search to Answer D. Dictionary Shift: From Paper to E-paper Passage 4 (2025-2026学年广东名校联盟高三7月质量水平测试)There has been an explosion of interest in ‘creative AI’, but does this mean that artists will be replaced by machines? No, definitely not, says Anne Ploin, Oxford Internet Institute researcher and one of the team behind today’s report on the potential impact of machine learning (ML) on creative work. Although it was 2022, it is still valuable now. Ploin states machine learning has become a tool for artists, but will never substitute them. Mx Ploin emphasizes human agency in creativity is irreplaceable: while AI can automate parts of creation like generating multiple image versions, current AI cannot replicate the core creative decision-making that makes real art. Artistic creativity relies on personal choices, life experience, social and political context, and human emotion — elements data-driven AI can never copy, as life experience cannot be translated into data for now. AI models lack autonomy and cannot launch new artistic movements independently; they only produce unexpected variations of existing works. According to Mx Ploin, ‘We interviewed 14 experts who work in the creative arts, including media and fine artists whose work centred around generative ML techniques. We also talked to curators and researchers in this field. This allowed us to develop a fuller understanding of the implications of AI — ranging from automation to complementarity — in a domain at the heart of human experience: creativity.’ They found a range of responses to the use of machine learning and AI. New activities required by using ML models involved both continuity with previous creative processes and rupture from past practices. There were major changes around the generative process, the evolving ways ML outputs were conceptualised, and artists’ embodied experiences of their practice. And, says the researcher, the use of ML models was a “step change” from past tools, according to many artists. While the machine learning models could help produce ‘surprising variations of existing images’, practitioners felt the artist remained irreplaceable... in making artworks. But, she maintains, while the machine learning models could help produce ‘surprising variations of existing images’, practitioners felt the artist remained irreplaceable in terms of giving images artistic context and intention — that is, in making artworks. Ultimately, most agreed that despite the increased affordances of ML technologies, the relationship between artists and their media remained essentially unchanged, as artists ultimately work to address human — rather than technical — questions. Don’t let it put you off going to art school. We need more artists. But, says Mx Ploin, 13. How did the writer start the essay? A. By raising a controversial crisis B. By asking a rhetorical question C. By stating an unusual opinion D. By creating an abnormal suspense 14. Why is Ploin’s 2022 study still valuable? A. Highlights AI as step change B. Notes AI’s image variations C. Draws on real art practitioners D. Stresses artistic intention alone 15. What is the artists’ core conflict? A. AI assistance vs human artistry B. AI variation vs human art context C. AI upgrade vs creation logic D. AI output vs human art intention 16. What ability should art students develop according to the text? A. Equipped with proper AI skills B. Cultivate art skills to solve academic issue C. Keep human creative essence D. Combine AI with artistic creation rationally Passage 5 (2026届浙江宁波市镇海中学高三英语模拟)As popular mistrust of expert opinion grows, we increasingly encounter the following skeptical argument about science: Historically, even well-established theories and findings have been overturned, so why should we trust the ones we have now? The question sounds sobering(令人深思的) but also misleading. To understand what’s wrong with the skeptical argument, we should closely examine its reasoning. One possibility is that science is imperfect in essence. If the scientific method has obvious drawbacks, people may expect science to keep producing problematic theories. The fundamental issue lies in the fact that there is no single scientific method used in all of science. For instance, Newton’s deductive reasoning(演绎推理) based on observed phenomena is strikingly different from Darwin’s approach of inferring the best explanation from available evidence, which, in turn, differs completely from Einstein’s thought experiments involving light beams, trains, and elevators. What people call the scientific method is really many distinct ways of investigating the world — different strategies for representing, experimenting and classifying. To claim that science is fundamentally unreliable, one may examine the evidence and methods in a specific research area. Take early-stage medical research, where a large proportion of findings were later found to be contradicted by better evidence. In this context, doubt may be justified: if previous findings were unreliable, future ones might be too. But notice that we’re not making an overgeneralized claim about all scientific research. We’re identifying a specific area of research which is methodologically problematic and coming to a limited conclusion supported by solid evidence. Nor are we comparing the failures of early-stage medical research to the so-called “failures” of Newtonian physics. Newton’s laws are accurate in many but not all contexts; one reason Einsteinian physics is considered successful is that it preserves Newton’s accuracy. What I propose is neither global pessimism nor blind faith. It’s local skepticism, or disciplined trust, which would serve us much better but requires some actual knowledge of science and some intellectual humility. The history of science is indeed a graveyard (坟墓) of abandoned theories, but the fact that science keeps changing is a mark of its strength. It’s not a problem but the engine that drives scientific progress. 17. Why does the author mention Newton, Darwin, and Einstein in Paragraph 4? A. To illustrate the progress of physics over time. B. To show that science lacks a universal method. C. To argue that thought experiments are unreliable. D. To prove that scientific theories often contradict each other. 18. What can be inferred about early-stage medical research from the passage? A. It follows the same methods as Newtonian physics. B. Its findings are generally more reliable than physics. C. It is a good example of where local skepticism is justified. D. Its failures prove that all scientific research is problematic. 19. What does the author mean by “disciplined trust” in the last paragraph? A. Believing in historical scientific theories. B. Trusting scientific findings without question. C. Rejecting scientific claims unless proven true. D. Trusting science based on evidence and context. 20. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To defend the public’s distrust of science. B. To prove that scientific theories are often wrong. C. To argue for a balanced view of scientific reliability. D. To compare different scientific methods across history. Passage 6 (2025-2026学年陕西西安高级中学模拟)Philosophers have a bad reputation for expressing themselves in a dry and boring way. The ideals for most philosophical writing are precision, clarity, and the sort of conceptual analysis that leaves no hair un-split. There is nothing wrong with clarity, precision, and the like — but this isn’t the only way to do philosophy. Outside academic journals, abstract philosophical ideas are often expressed through literature, cinema, and song. There’s nothing that grabs attention like a good story, and there are some great philosophical stories that delight and engage, rather than put the reader to sleep. One of the great things about this is that, unlike formal philosophy, which tries to be very clear, stories don’t wear their meanings on their sleeve — they require interpretation, and often express conflicting ideas for the reader to wrestle with. Consider what philosophers call the metaphysics(形而上学) of race — an area of philosophy that explores the question of whether or not race is real. There are three main positions that you can take on these questions. You might think that a person’s race is written in their genes (a position known as “biological realism”). Or you might think of race as socially real, like days of the week or currencies (“social constructionism”). Finally, you might think that races are unreal — that they’re more like leprechauns(一种魔法精灵) than they are like Thursdays or dollars (“anti-realism”). A great example of a story with social constructionist taking on race is George Schuyler’s novel Black No More. In the book, a Black scientist named Crookman invents a procedure that makes Black people visually indistinguishable from Whites. Thousands of African Americans crowd Crookman’s Black No More clinics and pay him their hard-earned cash to undergo the procedure. White racists can no longer distinguish those people who are “really” White from those who merely appear to be White. In a final episode, Crookman discovers that new Whites are actually whiter than those who were born that way, which kicks off a trend of sunbathing to darken one’s skin — darkening it so as to look more White. Philosophically rich stories like this bring more technical works to life. They are stories to think with. 21. What does the author think of philosophical stories? A. They are extremely precise and formal. B. The meanings behind are quite apparent. C. They often cause conflicts among readers. D. They are engaging and inspire critical thinking. 22. Which category might “Christmas” fall into according to paragraph 4? A. Anti-realism. B. Literary realism. C. Biological realism. D. Social constructionism. 23. What is Black No More in paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Racial issues caused by skin colors. B. A society view on race and self-image. C. Black people accepted by the white society. D. The origin of sun bathing among white people. 24. What is the best title of the text? A. Stories Made Easy B. Positions in Philosophy C. Stories to Think with D. Nature of Philosophical Writing Passage 7 (2026届湖北十堰市郧阳中学高三最后一次模拟考试)In the digital age, the art of writing by hand has slowly been reduced to mere entertainment. However, recent research suggests that this physical act is crucial to brain health and development, offering multiple cognitive(认知的) benefits. It is time we reconsidered the potential benefits it may bring to our mental capacities. According to numerous studies, writing by hand stimulates more complex and diverse brain connections that are essential for encoding new information and forming memories. A recent investigation, for instance, found that brain connectivity patterns were far more complicated and widespread for participants who wrote by hand than for those who typed. Therefore, it is clear that handwriting has a distinct and significant impact on brain health. Handwriting is not only good for our brain health — it also has clear, practical advantages. Research has shown that students who take handwritten notes score significantly higher on quizzes, demonstrating improved learning. This finding extends beyond the classroom as well. People who recorded information on paper calendars displayed more brain activity and recalled information faster than those who used smartphones. The act of handwriting, consequently, could be a valuable tool for students preparing for exams and adults managing daily tasks. Despite its clear benefits, handwriting has been in decline. However, 25 states in the US have reintroduced it into school curricula. This represents a step in the right direction, as previous research has also indicated that handwriting is essential for children’s brain development. For example, illiterate children who wrote by hand showed brain activity in the circuit used for learning to read, further strengthening the link between handwriting and cognitive development. Clearly, handwriting is a valuable activity with the potential to enhance our brain health, learning, memory, and problem-solving skills. As we continue to navigate the digital age, it is important not to overlook the value of this seemingly simple activity. So, the next time you reach for your keyboard,remember the benefits of picking up a pen instead. 25. What is the common view of handwriting in today’s digital era? A. It is no longer as popular as it used to be. B. It should be taught together with typing. C. It is now valued equally with digital tools. D. It remains an essential skill for daily life. 26. What does Paragraph 3 mainly focus on regarding handwriting? A. Its role in improving brain connectivity. B. Its advantages in learning and memory tasks. C. Its effect on helping students score higher. D. Its value in adult daily management skills. 27. Why is previous research mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. To add further evidence. B. To make a comparison. C. To show different opinions. D. To present a professional viewpoint. 28. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To compare handwriting with typing. B. To promote handwriting as an art form. C. To introduce a new digital writing tool. D. To emphasize handwriting’s cognitive value. Passage 8 (2026届广东多校联考学情调研)Berlin’s East Side Gallery attracts millions of visitors each year. Tourists crowd before vibrant murals(壁画) painted after the Cold War, but few pause to consider what lies beneath the paint: an original section of the Berlin Wall. The art has become the attraction; the history it covers has faded into background. This pattern extends far beyond Berlin. Across the globe, old buildings fall for new developments. The logic seems unarguable: cities must grow, economies must expand. But what disappears when we erase(清除) the physical traces of our past? Urban historian Dolores Hayden describes cities as “palimpsests” — manuscripts written upon repeatedly, earlier versions never fully erased. In her study of Los Angeles, she documented how development projects repeatedly tore down communities inhabited by Mexican-American and African-American families, replacing them with freeways and squares. The new structures served economic ambitions, but they also erased material evidence that these communities ever existed. “When the buildings disappear,” Hayden writes, “so does the tangible(有形的) proof that these people lived here, worked here, mattered here.” Some argue that memory can survive through photographs and documents. In fact, there is a difference between knowing about a place and experiencing it. A photograph of an old church conveys its appearance; walking through its doors conveys something else entirely — the height of the ceiling, the echo of footsteps, the weight of silence. These are not details; they are the substance of embodied memory. Research in environmental psychology suggests that physical spaces maintain collective identity. When communities lose familiar landmarks, they lose reference points that connect individuals to shared history. The result can be spatial disorientation — not merely not knowing where you are, but not knowing who you are in relation to those who came before. None of this argues against all development. Every generation inherits a city and passes one on. Some walls are meant to fall. Others are meant to stand — physical spaces ground memory in ways that images alone cannot, grounding us in a past that continues to shape who we are. 29. What is the function of paragraph 1? A. To criticize the over-commercialization of historic sites. B. To contrast historical significance with modern appeal. C. To present a phenomenon and introduce the topic. D. To explain why history is overlooked and underestimated. 30. What does the example of Los Angeles intend to illustrate? A. The cost of urban development. B. The role of economic ambitions. C. The preservation of tangible proof. D. The success of redevelopment projects. 31. What can be inferred about the communities losing landmarks? A. They cherish shared history. B. They maintain collective identity. C. They prioritize growth over memory. D. They face identity confusion. 32. What does the text convey? A. History outweighs art in value. B. Physical spaces hold irreplaceable memory. C. Cities face a growth-or-history choice. D. Photos preserve memory inadequately. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司27 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 综合专题02 阅读理解(应用文+议论文)(26篇) 考向一 广告布告类 Passage 1 1. D 2. D 3. C Passage 2 4. C 5. B 6. A Passage 3 7. B 8. B 9. D Passage 4 10. D 11. B 12. A Passage 5 13. D 14. C 15. C Passage 6 16. B 17. D 18. C 考向二 旅游信息类 Passage 1 1. B 2. C 3. D Passage 2 4. C 5. A 6. B Passage 3 7. C 8. B 9. D Passage 4 10. D 11. B 12. B Passage 5 13. B 14. C 15. C Passage 6 16. B 17. D 18. B 考向三 公告、通知、指南、说明书等 Passage 1 1. D 2. C 3. A Passage 2 4. A 5. B 6. D Passage 3 7. B 8. D 9. A Passage 4 10. D 11. C 12. B Passage 5 13. B 14. C 15. D Passage 6 16. B 17. A 18. D 考向四 议论文 Passage 1 1. D 2. A 3. B 4. A Passage 2 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D Passage 3 9. D 10. C 11. D 12. B Passage 4 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. C Passage 5 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. C Passage 6 21. D 22. D 23. B 24. C Passage 7 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D Passage 8 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 综合专题02 阅读理解(应用文+议论文)(26篇) 考向一 广告布告类 Passage 1 (2026届江苏无锡市南菁高级中学高三下学期考前学情自测)If you need accessible tickets for the WOMAD Festival 2026, you can follow this clear step-by-step guide to make your booking process simple and efficient. The system aims to support disabled visitors and those with special access requirements so they can fully take part in the festival without unnecessary difficulties. Buy your own festival ticket First of all, you need to purchase your own WOMAD Festival ticket through the official website. Importantly, you do not need to buy a ticket for your essential companion. If your Access Card or WOMAD Festival Digital Access Pass clearly shows that you require an essential companion, we will provide you with a companion ticket completely free of charge. Apply for an Access Card or Digital Access Pass You must have either an Access Card or a WOMAD Festival Digital Access Pass to continue. To apply, you need to provide supporting documentation and prove your access requirements via Nimbus. Nimbus will then assess your application carefully. Once your application is approved, you will receive your Digital Access Pass. If you already have a valid Access Card from Nimbus Disability, you can skip this step and go directly to the next step. Complete the online Accessibility Form After receiving your Digital Access Pass or Access Card, you should complete our official online Accessibility Form. You must have your pass ID number ready, as it is a necessary part of your application. Receive email confirmation Finally, you will get an email confirming your approved accessible facilities. If you have any further questions or need additional help, please contact us at accessible_enquiries@womad.org. 1. Where can you most probably read this text? A. In the festival site map. B. On a ticket-selling platform. C. In a city guide for visitors. D. On the festival’s official website. 2. Who can get a free essential companion ticket? A. Those who complete the Accessibility Form. B. Visitors who have bought tickets in advance. C. Applicants for an Access Card through Nimbus. D. Disabled visitors whose pass indicates the need. 3. Which of the following shows the correct order of steps to get accessible tickets? ① Get the confirmation email. ② Purchase a personal admission ticket. ③ Submit the online Accessibility Form. ④ Obtain an Access Card or Digital Pass. A. ②→①→③→④ B. ③→②→①→④ C. ②→④→③→① D. ③→②→④→① 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. C 【语篇导读】主要介绍2026年世界音乐节特殊通行票的预订流程，面向有特殊出行需求的游客提供购票相关指引。 1. 推理判断题。根据Buy your own festival ticket部分中的“First of all, you need to purchase your own WOMAD Festival ticket through the official website.(首先，你需要通过官方网站购买属于自己的世界音乐节门票。)”可知，文章讲解官网购票步骤，最有可能刊登在音乐节官方网站上。 2. 细节理解题。根据Buy your own festival ticket部分中的“If your Access Card or WOMAD Festival Digital Access Pass clearly shows that you require an essential companion, we will provide you with a companion ticket completely free of charge.(若通行卡或是音乐节数字通行凭证上明确标注需要陪同人员，主办方将免费提供陪同人员门票。)”可知，凭证上注明需要陪同的残障游客可领取免费陪同票。 3. 细节理解题。根据Buy your own festival ticket部分中的“First of all, you need to purchase your own WOMAD Festival ticket through the official website.(首先，你需要通过官方网站购买属于自己的世界音乐节门票。)”、Apply for an Access Card or Digital Access Pass部分中的“You must have either an Access Card or a WOMAD Festival Digital Access Pass to continue.(你必须持有通行卡或是音乐节数字通行凭证才可继续办理业务。)”、Complete the online Accessibility Form部分中的“After receiving your Digital Access Pass or Access Card, you should complete our official online Accessibility Form.(拿到通行凭证后，你需要填写官方线上无障碍信息表格。)”以及Receive email confirmation部分中的“Finally, you will get an email confirming your approved accessible facilities.(最后，你将会收到确认特殊通行设施审核通过的邮件。)”可知，购票先后顺序为购票、获取凭证、填写表格、收取确认邮件。 Passage 2 (2026届江苏南京市第六十六中学高三考前模拟) Farmer for a day Your introduction to the wonderful world of farming Experience Overview Farmer Experience Days is suitable for children over 10 years old and adults, which provides the most popular activities in Rushmoor Farm Park. This is a great opportunity to see how a farm works and how to care for animals. You will join one of our team members performing farming duties. Experience Price One Person: £ 55            Two People: £ 80 All participants will be given a Rushmoor farmer T-shirt. Lunch will be included with a pot of tea or coffee. Cupcakes, pudding and other desserts are not included in the price. What to Expect The day starts at 10 a.m. You will be welcomed by one of our team members and get a brief safety chat. The first activity is feeding pigs. Then you can expect to brush rabbits and clean horses. Horse-riding is allowed under guidance, for adults only. Our Jersey cows also need milking so you’ll be showed all about it and try hand milking. Finishing time is not fixed but all activities should end around 3 pm. You can choose to return home by our free bus at 4 p.m. Additional Information ＊Children must be accompanied by an adult (even if non-participating). ＊Please wear suitable clothes and footwear. Click here(http://www.farm 520.com) to simply fill out your details and select your desired day. 4. Which of the following requires extra money? A. Lunch. B. The farmer T-shirt. C. Desserts. D. The bus ride. 5. What can children do during the day? A. Feed cows. B. Learn milking. C. Ride horses. D. Plant trees. 6. Where does the text most likely appear? A. In a park website. B. In a farm introduction. C. In a travel brochure. D. In a children magazine. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章详细介绍了“农民体验日”活动的相关信息。 4. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Cupcakes, pudding and other desserts are not included in the price.(纸杯蛋糕、布丁和其他甜点不包括在价格之内)”可知，甜点需要额外支付费用。故选C。 5. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Our Jersey cows also need milking so you’ll be showed all about it and try hand milking.(我们的泽西奶牛也需要挤奶，所以你会看到挤奶的全过程，并尝试用手挤奶)”可知，孩子们在体验日可以学习给奶牛挤奶。故选B。 6. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Click here(http://www.farm 520.com) to simply fill out your details and select your desired day.(点击这里(http://www.farm 520.com)填写你的详细信息并选择你想要的日子)”可推知，这篇文章可能登在一个公园网站上。故选A。 Passage 3 (2026届江苏徐州市第三中学高考前最后一卷) A Guide to an Online Learning Platform Online education has become an increasingly popular choice for high school students. To help you make better use of digital study tools, here is basic information about a broadly used online learning platform. Main Functions The platform combines a wide range of advanced learning tools, including pre-recorded video courses, live interactive lectures and automatic homework assessment. It also creates personalized study plans based on students’ academic performance and learning weaknesses, allowing users to download learning materials for offline use when network access is not available. Course Categories ●Basic Academic Courses: it covers fundamental subjects for senior high students, including Math, English and Chinese. ●Exam-oriented Courses: it provides abundant courses designed for exam revision and key point consolidation. ● Ability-improving Courses: it offers various skill-building programs to develop students’ comprehensive abilities. Service & Pricing The following chart shows different membership choices and the courses included. Membership Type Price Courses Included Monthly $39 Basic Academic Courses Quarterly $99 Any two types of the three courses Yearly $364 All three types of courses ●New users can enjoy a 7-day free trial of all courses. ●Online customer service is provided to solve technical problems quickly. User Tips To make online learning more effective, students are encouraged to set clear daily learning targets and avoid distractions during class. Meanwhile, reviewing key points in time is strongly suggested, as it helps deepen understanding and improves long-term memory. 7. What can the platform do for students? A. Assist them to record video courses. B. Help them make tailored learning plans. C. Teach them how to give interactive lectures. D. Remove their learning weaknesses for good. 8. What is the lowest cost of two-course types for 6 months? A. $182. B. $198. C. $234. D. $364. 9. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To compare different online courses. B. To teach students how to study online. C. To show how to design online courses. D. To introduce an online learning platform. 【答案】7. B 8. B 9. D 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了一个广泛使用的在线学习平台，包括其主要功能、课程类别、服务与价格以及用户使用建议。 7. 细节理解题。根据“Main Functions”部分中的“It also creates personalized study plans based on students’ academic performance and learning weaknesses (它还根据学生的学业表现和学习弱点制定个性化的学习计划)”可知，该平台可以为学生制定个性化的学习计划。 8. 细节理解题。根据“Service & Pricing”部分中的“Quarterly, $99, Any two types of the three courses (季度会员99美元，三种课程中任选两种)”以及“Yearly, $364 All three types of courses (年度会员364美元，所有三种课程)”可知，季度会员可以任选两种课程，费用为99美元，那么6个月 (两个季度)的费用就是99乘以2，即198美元，这是最低的费用；而年度会员虽然包含所有课程，但费用为364美元，高于198美元。因此，6个月选择两种课程类型的最低费用是198美元。 9. 推理判断题。根据文章标题“A Guide to an Online Learning Platform (在线学习平台指南)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一个在线学习平台的基本信息，包括其主要功能、课程类别、服务与价格以及用户使用建议，因此文章的主要目的是介绍这个在线学习平台。 Passage 4 (2026届湖南长沙市金律艺术高级中学有限公司考前模拟) Invasive(入侵的) Species Management Placencia, Belize Make a difference by removing lion-fish, an invasive species destroying reef ecosystems of the Caribbean. Learn to dive while removing lion-fish. Each week/day will differ but you will be participating in the following areas: Removing Invasive Lion-fish; Whale Shark Observation (if spotted); Biodiversity Identification Dive; Beach Clean-ups. Marine Research Expedition Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy You will join an international crew aboard a sailboat to work for the protection of our seas. And you will learn to collect data, organize and enjoy the sea at its best! Of primary note is that it is one of the world’s best spots for water sports. Gain experience in Marine Research in the field (under water). Get close up to dolphins and whales in the wild. Wildlife Supporter Port Elizabeth, South Africa Volunteer at a Game Reserve that hosts the Big 5 and support the local staff in monitoring the animals. Work up close with the famous Big 5! Join our reserve for orphaned and injured non-dangerous animals. Make a difference in the rescue, recovery and release of wildlife, giving them a second chance at being free and wild again. Climate and Environmentalist Supporter Hanga Roa, Chile Be a volunteer on the amazing Easter Island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean and get involved in climate and nature protection. Responsibilities include: Teamwork in the climate protection program; Collection of plant seeds; Control of seed settlement on the plantation; Conservation of native seeds and plants; Reforestation work. 10. What activity will volunteers do by chance in Placencia? A. Clean up the beach. B. Dive under water to see lion-fish. C. Collect data on a marine animal. D. Observe whale sharks carefully. 11. What is Tyrrhenian Sea famous for? A. Its vivid lives in the ocean. B. Its perfect place for surfing. C. Its wild dolphins and whales. D. Its best spot for marine researches. 12. Which activity is suitable for volunteers majoring in medicine? A. Wildlife Supporter. B. Marine Research Expedition. C. Invasive Species Management. D. Climate and Environmentalist Supporter. 【答案】10. D 11. B 12. A 【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个志愿者项目的情况以及要求。 10. 细节理解题。根据第一部分中“Whale Shark Observation (if spotted)(观察鲸鲨(如果能看到的话))”可知，如果运气好，志愿者可以仔细观察鲸鲨。故选D。 11. 细节理解题。根据第二部分中“Of primary note is that it is one of the world’s best spots for water sports.(值得注意的是，它是世界上最好的水上运动地点之一)”可知，第勒尼安海因为是冲浪的好地方而闻名。故选B。 12. 推理判断题。根据Wildlife Supporter部分中“Make a difference in the rescue, recovery and release of wildlife, giving them a second chance at being free and wild again.(在拯救、恢复和释放野生动物方面发挥作用，给它们第二次自由和野性的机会)”可知，Wildlife Supporter适合有医疗经验的义工参加。故选A。 Passage 5 (2026届四川省泸州市叙永县第一中学校二模)The news cycle is driving us to the edge of madness, so why not switch off, unplug and pick up a book? We know you could use a laugh right now — and luckily, several thousands of you told us all about the books, stories and poems that make you laugh. We took your votes and with the help of our panel(专家小组) of expert judges we created this list of 100 reads designed to make you laugh out loud. Want slice-of-life essays? Loopy poetry? Texts from famous literary figures? Scroll down — we’ve got it all. As with all our reader polls, this is a curated(精心筹划的) list and not a straight-up popularity contest; unlike last year, you’ll see the books are grouped into categories rather than ranked from one to 100. And, as always, there are a few things that didn’t make the list — surprisingly, Shakespeare didn’t get enough votes to make it to the semifinals. Then there were books that didn’t quite stand the test of time, or were so new we couldn’t tell whether they’d stand up. Some of the authors on this list are incredibly popular, and you voted them in over and over again. Because space is limited, we try to hold each author to one spot on the list, but there are some exceptions such as Nora Ephron, who our judges thought was perfect. And speaking of our judges, you will find a couple of their works on the list this year — we don’t let judges vote for their own works, but readers loved works such as Samantha Irby’s We Are Never Meeting In Real Life, so the panel agreed they should stay. Laughter is the best medicine. Just click here and start reading! 13. How is the list of this year different from that of last year? A. More books are included. B. It is made all by readers. C. It mainly focuses on poetry. D. The listed books are classified. 14. What can we learn about Nora Ephron? A. She fails to stand the test of time. B. She is not so popular as other authors. C. She gets more than one spot on the list. D. She belongs to the panel of expert judges. 15. Why is We Are Never Meeting In Real Life kept on the list? A. It is written by a judge. B. It reflects real life. C. It gets enough readers’ votes. D. It attracts the experts. 【答案】13. D 14. C 15. C 【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。文章向读者推荐了旨在引发开怀大笑的100本文学作品。 13. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“As with all our reader polls, this is a curated (精心筹划的) list and not a straight-up popularity contest; unlike last year, you’ll see the books are grouped into categories rather than ranked from one to 100. (与我们所有的读者投票一样，这是一个精心策划的榜单，而不是直接的人气竞赛；与去年不同的是，你会看到这些书被分成不同的类别，而不是从1到100的排名。)”可知，今年的榜单和去年不同的是所列出的书是分类的。故选D项。 14. 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Because space is limited, we try to hold each author to one spot on the list, but there are some exceptions such as Nora Ephron, who our judges thought was perfect. (由于篇幅有限，我们尽量让每位作者都在名单上占据一个位置，但也有一些例外，比如Nora Ephron，我们的评委认为她是完美的。)”可知，Nora Ephron在名单上得到了不止一个位置。故选C项。 15. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“And speaking of our judges, you will find a couple of their works on the list this year — we don’t let judges vote for their own works, but readers loved works such as Samantha Irby’s We Are Never Meeting In Real Life, so the panel agreed they should stay. (说到我们的评委，你会在今年的名单上发现他们的一些作品——我们不让评委为他们自己的作品投票，但是读者喜欢Samantha Irby的《我们在现实生活中从未见面》这样的作品，所以评审团同意他们留下来。)”可知，因为《我们在现实生活中从未见面》得到了足够多的读者投票所以一直在榜单上。故选C项。 Passage 6 (2026届湖南株洲市南方中学高三二轮复习阶段性测试)The greater Rochester area is filled with opportunities to study and perform music in the summer! Roberts Community School Roberts Community Music School has exciting summer music al opportunities for families on the west side of Rochester. It offers two 7-week Early Childhood Classes, Piano Discoveries, and a Ukulele Choir. Lessons are available for piano, voice, stringed instruments, and woodwind & brass(铜管乐器). School of Rock—Rochester With camp choices for all ages and skill levels, School of Rock is the perfect summer activity for your child. Our summer music camps are performance-based, meaning students learn to play by performing together in a fun environment. From beginner camps to songwriting and themed camps, we offer a wide variety of options to ensure your child has an amazing music al experience. Our goal is to prepare teens for live performances on stage. Eastman Community Music School The Eastman Community Music School offers different day programs and overnight music camps this summer for middle and high school students, including Adventure Music Camp for Middle Schoolers, Summer Jazz Studies for High School Students, Baroque workshops, and New Horizons Orchestra Camp. Private lessons are also available of all ages, levels, instruments or voice. Bach to Rock Music School Bach to Rock’s Music Camps run each week all summer long for all ages and levels! Our camps are designed for students to work with our highly experienced teachers to learn how to play their instrument of choice, develop a band, learn to play songs they love, and have the opportunity to write and create their music. Each weekly camp ends with an opportunity to record in our studio! Full or half-day camps are available. No experience is necessary. 16. Which school’s programs are designed to get students on stage performing? A. Roberts Community School. B. School of Rock—Rochester. C. Eastman Community Music School. D. Bach to Rock Music School. 17. What is special about Bach to Rock Music Camps? A. They offer overnight camps. B. They require related experience. C. They offer chances to perform in a TV station. D. They can train different kinds of musical skills. 18. Who can take part in the music camps introduced in the text? A. Rochester artists. B. Local families. C. School students. D. Experienced teachers. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。文章是关于四个音乐夏令营的介绍。 16. 细节理解题。根据School of Rock—Rochester部分中“Our goal is to prepare teens for live performances on stage.(我们的目标是让青少年为舞台上的现场表演做好准备)”可知，这个学校的夏令营专注于学生的舞台表演。故选B项。 17. 细节理解题。根据Bach to Rock Music School部分中“Our camps are designed for students to work with our highly experienced teachers to learn how to play their instrument of choice, develop a band, learn to play songs they love, and have the opportunity to write and create their music.(我们的夏令营是为学生设计的，让他们与经验丰富的老师一起学习如何演奏他们选择的乐器，组建乐队，学习演奏他们喜欢的歌曲，并有机会创作自己的音乐)”可知，Bach to Rock Music School专注于培训学生不同的音乐技能。故选D项。 18. 细节理解题。由Roberts Community School中“It offers two 7-week Early Childhood Classes, Piano Discoveries, and a Ukulele Choir. (它提供两个为期7周的幼儿班、钢琴探索和尤克里里合唱团。)”；School of Rock—Rochester中“With camp choices for all ages and skill levels, School of Rock is the perfect summer activity for your child.(摇滚学校为所有年龄段和技能水平的孩子提供营地选择，是您孩子完美的夏季活动。)”；Eastman Community Music School中“The Eastman Community Music School offers different day programs and overnight music camps this summer for middle and high school students, including Adventure Music Camp for Middle Schoolers, Summer Jazz Studies for High School Students, Baroque workshops, and New Horizons Orchestra Camp. (伊士曼社区音乐学校今年夏天为中学生和高中生提供不同的日间课程和通宵音乐营，包括中学生冒险音乐营、高中生夏季爵士乐研究、巴洛克工作室和新视野管弦乐队营。)”以及Bach to Rock Music School中“Our camps are designed for students to work with our highly experienced teachers to learn how to play their instrument of choice, develop a band, learn to play songs they love, and have the opportunity to write and create their music.(我们的营地旨在让学生与我们经验丰富的老师合作，学习如何演奏他们选择的乐器，组建乐队，学习演奏他们喜欢的歌曲，并有机会创作他们的音乐。)”可知，学校学生可以参加文中介绍的音乐营。故选C项。 考向二 旅游信息类 Passage 1 (2026届浙江宁波市镇海中学高三模拟预测)National parks are more than scenic places on a map: they protect natural landscapes, preserve historic memories and provide visitors with opportunities for outdoor exploration. The following sites show how nature, history and recreation come together in different forms. NATIONAL MONUMENT, Grand Portage It brings to life the past of the North American fur trade from the perspective of the Anishinaabe(阿尼什纳比族), who partnered closely with the North West Company. Walk along wilderness trails that once served as vital trade routes for early travelers and fur traders. Discover the ancient camps and a reconstructed trading depot(仓库) in its historic location. See how it shaped co-management with the government today. NATIONAL RIVER AREA, Mississippi In the middle of a bustling urban setting, this 72-mile river park offers quiet stretches for fishing, boating, birdwatching, bicycling, camping and hiking. And there are plenty of visitor centers and trails that highlight the fascinating human history of the Mississippi River. This is a great place to start your adventure of this iconic river. NATIONAL RIVERWAY, Saint Croix Grab your paddle and love for adventure to the St. Croix, offering over 200 miles of clean water that glides and rushes through a forested landscape. Paddle, boat, fish, and camp among this wild and scenic beauty. Hiking and historic towns also offer rewarding alternatives for your outdoor exploration. 1. What can we learn about Grand Portage National Monument? A. Its role in protecting local wildlife. B. Its history as a fur-trade meeting place. C. Its efforts to reconstruct a trading depot. D. Its influence on present-day global trade. 2. What do NATIONAL RIVER AREA and NATIONAL RIVERWAY have in common? A. Tourist centers. B. Urban landscape. C. Camping choices. D. Environmental protection. 3. Where is the text most likely from? A. A history essay. B. A travel journal. C. A geography textbook. D. A national park website. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【语篇导读】文章介绍了国家公园兼具自然保护、历史留存与户外休闲功能，并分别介绍三处特色国家公园景区的有关信息。 1. 细节理解题。根据NATIONAL MONUMENT, Grand Portage部分“It brings to life the past of the North American fur trade from the perspective of the Anishinaabe (阿尼什纳比族), who partnered closely with the North West Company. Walk along wilderness trails that once served as vital trade routes for early travelers and fur traders. Discover the ancient camps and a reconstructed trading depot (仓库) in its historic location.(它从阿尼什纳比族的视角还原了北美皮毛贸易的过往，该族群曾与西北公司密切合作。沿着曾是早期旅客与皮毛商人重要贸易通道的荒野小径漫步，你能在原址找到古老营地与复原重建的贸易仓库。)”可知，大波特奇国家纪念区的核心是皮毛贸易集散地的历史。 2. 细节理解题。根据NATIONAL RIVER AREA, Mississippi部分“In the middle of a bustling urban setting, this 72-mile river park offers quiet stretches for fishing, boating, birdwatching, bicycling, camping and hiking.(这片72英里长的滨河公园地处繁华城区之中，拥有静谧水域，可供垂钓、划船、观鸟、骑行、露营与徒步。)”以及NATIONAL RIVERWAY, Saint Croix部分“Paddle, boat, fish, and camp among this wild and scenic beauty.(你可以在这片原始秀丽的风光里划桨、泛舟、垂钓、露营。)”可知，两处园区都提供露营项目。 3. 推理判断题。根据第一段“National parks are more than scenic places on a map: they protect natural landscapes, preserve historic memories and provide visitors with opportunities for outdoor exploration. The following sites show how nature, history and recreation come together in different forms.(国家公园不只是地图上的风景胜地：它们保护自然地貌、留存历史记忆，并为游客提供户外探索的机会。下面几处景点将从不同角度展现自然、历史与休闲娱乐的融合。)”可知，文章面向游客介绍多处国家公园景点、游览特色与游玩项目，属于官方景点推介内容，因此本文最可能出自国家公园官方网站。 Passage 2 (2026届湖南高三下学期一模)Nowadays, more and more emphasis is being placed on a building’s “green” certification. On Earth Day, look through four noteworthy green buildings from around the world. One Central Park (Sydney, Australia) A park at the foot of the building literally continues up the structure, as vegetation of 250 species of Australian plants and flowers cover One Central Park. An architectural website says it has 25% less energy consumption compared with a conventional building of its size. Shanghai Tower (Shanghai, China) Shanghai Tower has a transparent second skin wrapped around the building which creates a zone of captured air that serves as natural ventilation(通风), reducing energy costs. Besides, 270 wind devices incorporated into the right side power its outside lights. Marco Polo Tower (Hamburg, Germany) Each floor of Marco Polo Tower is turned a few degrees away from the one below, around an axis(轴线). This allows for recessed(嵌入式) buildings that protect residents from direct sun. This tower also includes many other green features. There is a heat exchanger on the roof that turns warm air into a cooling system. And the natural ventilation can make residents sleep soundly without being disrupted by outside noise. Torre Reforma (Mexico City, Mexico) Torre Reforma rises to 807 feet and stands tall on energy-saving measures, too. The tower’s slimness maximizes the amount of natural light let in, which in turn cuts down on the need for electric lights. And when the weather permits, controls can automatically open windows to let air in. 4. What do we know about One Central Park? A. It makes full use of solar energy. B. It uses a great cooling system. C. It has many plants and flowers. D. It has self-control windows. 5. What do the Shanghai Tower and Marco Polo Tower have in common? A. They are naturally ventilated. B. They are both transparent. C. They generate electricity by wind. D. They harvest energy from sunshine. 6. Where can the text be found? A. In science fiction. B. In an architectural magazine. C. In an autobiography. D. In a weather report. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了来自世界各地的四座引人注目的绿色建筑。 4. 细节理解题。根据第二段“A park at the foot of the building literally continues up the structure, as vegetation of 250 species of Australian plants and flowers cover One Central Park.(这座建筑的脚下实际上是一个公园，它向上延伸到建筑结构上，250种澳大利亚植物和花卉的植被覆盖了中央公园一号)”可知，One Central Park有许多植物和花卉。故选C项。 5. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Shanghai Tower has a transparent second skin wrapped around the building which creates a zone of captured air that serves as natural ventilation (通风), reducing energy costs.(上海中心大厦有一个透明的第二层表皮包裹在建筑周围，形成一个被捕获的空气区域，作为自然通风，降低能源成本)”以及第四段“And the natural ventilation can make residents sleep soundly without being disrupted by outside noise.(并且自然通风可以让居民睡得很香，不会受到外界噪音的干扰)”可知，上海中心大厦和马可波罗塔的共同点是它们都有自然通风系统。故选A项。 6. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Nowadays, more and more emphasis is being placed on a building’s “green” certification. On Earth Day, look through four noteworthy green buildings from around the world.(如今，人们越来越重视建筑的“绿色”认证。在地球日，我们将参观来自世界各地的四座引人注目的绿色建筑)”可知，本文主要介绍了来自世界各地的四座引人注目的绿色建筑，推测文章可能出自一本建筑杂志上。故选B项。 Passage 3 (2026届福建省诏安县高三下学期命题趋势预测) TAKE A DAY TRIP TO INISHMORE The Aran Islands are a group of three islands located off the western coast of Ireland. Inishmore is the largest of the three. A multi-award-winning film was shot here. Ted Fest, a celebration of the TV sitcom Father Ted, is hosted here annually. As a major tourist destination, it offers historical sites, charming beaches and steep cliffs(悬崖) and walking or cycling provides the finest means of exploring the island. How to get to Inishmore Ferry(渡船) from Rossaveel to Inishmore ⇒Cost of a round trip:£30 per adult;€15 per child (5-12 years old);free for children under 4 ⇒Duration: about 40 min. Ferry from Doolin to Inishmore ⇒Cost of a round trip: €39 per adult; €20 per child (5-12 years old); free for children under 4; €105per family (2 adults, 2 children); €120 per family (2 adults, 3 children) ⇒Duration: about 35 min. Flight from Connemara Airport to Inishmore ⇒Cost of a round trip: €63 per adult; €36 per person under 18 years old; free for children under 2 ⇒Duration:  less than 10 min. Popular spots on Inishmore Kilronan Visit the small museum Aran Heritage Center in Kilronan. It has various exhibits such as the traditional clothes and Irish boats on the island. Seal Colony About 8km from Kilronan, across from St. Kieran's church ruins, you may spot seals chilling in the sun or swimming around the bay. Dun Aengus Dun Aengus is a ring fort(堡垒) built more than 3,000 years ago. Bikes are not allowed on site, but you can leave them at the bottom of the hill and walk your way up. Worm Hole Known locally as the Serpent's Lair, this rectangular hole in the rock is a playground for local kids and tourists who want to go cliff diving. 7. What can we know about Inishmore from Paragraph 1? A. It lies in eastern Ireland. B. It is best explored in a car. C. It once served as a movie set. D. It plays host to Ted Fest every two years. 8. How much would a couple pay for a round ferry trip from Doolin to Inishmore? A. €60. B. €78. C. €63. D. €162. 9. Which spot appeals to water sports lovers most? A. Kilronan. B. Seal Colony. C. Dun Aengus. D. Worm Hole. 【答案】7. C 8. B 9. D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了爱尔兰西海岸外的阿兰群岛中最大的岛屿——伊尼什莫尔岛，包括到达该岛的交通方式、热门景点等信息。 7. 细节理解题。根据第一段“A multi-award-winning film was shot here.(一部多次获奖的电影在此拍摄)”可知，伊尼什莫尔岛曾是电影拍摄地。故选C项。 8. 细节理解题。根据“How to get to Inishmore”部分“Ferry from Doolin to Inishmore ⇒Cost of a round trip: €39 per adult(从杜林到伊尼什莫尔岛的渡轮⇒往返费用：每位成人39欧元)”可知，一对夫妻往返的费用为 39×2 = 78 欧元。故选B项。 9. 推理判断题。根据“Worm Hole”部分“Known locally as the Serpent's Lair, this rectangular hole in the rock is a playground for local kids and tourists who want to go cliff diving(虫洞 当地称为蛇窝，岩石中的这个矩形洞是当地孩子和想要悬崖跳水的游客的游乐场)”可推知，虫洞对水上运动爱好者最有吸引力。故选D项。 Passage 4 (2026届陕西西安市碑林区西北工业大学附属中学第十四次适应性训练)With the development of technology, life is made much easier when you travel around. Here are some top travel apps for you to use. Yelp When you are in a new location and need a quick recommendation, Yelp comes in handy. It gives insights into the quality of businesses and services, from restaurants to the way in which they work, based on user reviews. The users can certainly make unfair judgements for personal reasons at times, but Yelp often at least lets you get a sense of what to expect. Zomato In China, there is a good chance you have never heard of Zomato. In some countries, however, it is more popular than Yelp, and it covers the same ground. Zomato is a remarkable crowd-sourced review website, mostly for restaurants. In some regions, you can order delivery food through Zomato, too. Happy Cow If you are a person who doesn’t eat meat or fish, or even doesn’t use animal products such as meat, milk or eggs or if you are only looking for a healthy meal option after eating not-so-healthy meals for several days in a row, you are sure to appreciate Happy Cow. The app and web- site help you find restaurants, cafes, health food stores, and other places to get a meat-free meal. Tripadvisor You can read different reviews of hotels, restaurants and even activities, written by members of the Tripadvisor community, as well as see photos they have uploaded so you know what to expect before you arrive. Tripadvisor has relationships with various booking sites, too, which means once you finish researching hotels or restaurants, you can usually reserve them with just a few extra clicks. 10. What do Yelp and Zomato have in common? A. They provide delivery services quickly. B. They expect users to promote their services. C. They only recommend hotels and restaurants. D. They base their recommendations on user reviews. 11. Which app suits the person who doesn’t eat meat? A. Yelp. B. Happy Cow. C. Tripadvisor. D. Zomato. 12. What sets Tripadvisor apart from other travel apps? A. It is offered free of charge. B. It is linked to booking platforms. C. It recommends nearby attractions. D. It gives correct hotel rating information. 【答案】10. D 11. B 12. B 【语篇导读】这是一篇应用文。文章推荐了一些顶级的旅游应用程序。 10. 推理判断题。根据Yelp部分中的“It gives insights into the quality of businesses and services, from restaurants to the way in which they work, based on user reviews.(根据用户评论，它可以洞察企业和服务的质量，从餐馆到他们的工作方式。)”和Zomato部分中的“Zomato is a remarkable crowd-sourced review website, mostly for restaurants.(Zomato是一个了不起的众包评论网站，主要针对餐馆。)”可知，Yelp和Zomato的共同之处是他们的推荐都基于用户评论。故选D。 11. 细节理解题。根据Happy Cow部分中的“If you are a person who doesn’t eat meat or fish, or even doesn’t use animal products such as meat, milk or eggs or if you are only looking for a healthy meal option after eating not-so-healthy meals for several days in a row, you are sure to appreciate Happy Cow.(如果你是一个不吃肉或鱼的人，甚至不使用动物产品，如肉，牛奶或鸡蛋，或者如果你只是在连续几天吃不太健康的食物后寻找健康的膳食选择，你一定会喜欢“开心牛”。)”可知，“开心牛”软件适合不吃肉食的人。故选B。 12. 细节理解题。根据Tripadvisor部分中的“Tripadvisor has relationships with various booking sites, too, which means once you finish researching hotels or restaurants, you can usually reserve them with just a few extra clicks.(Tripadvisor也与许多预订网站建立了合作关系，这意味着一旦你搜索完酒店或餐馆，你通常只需再点击几下就可以预订它们。)”可知，Tripadvisor与其它旅行软件的不同之处是它与预订平台链接。故选B。 Passage 5 (2026届湖南省长沙市雷锋学校高三上学期第五次月考)A high-end train journey enables you to experience destinations at a unique pace and in total comfort while enjoying first-class service. These are some of the most exciting rail routes to choose from. GoldenPass Express, Switzerland GoldenPass Express takes passengers from Montreux to Interlaken. It’s a three- hour ride with four departures a day. The heated leather seats can recline(后倾) and rotate(旋转) 180 degrees. They’ re also raised 15 inches higher to boost the views over vineyards, green valleys and blue- ice glaciers. A one- way ticket costs £115. La Dolce Vita, Italy La Dolce Vita train service transports passengers to Italy of the 1960s. There are altogether 30 rooms— plus a bar car where passengers can watch appealing field s fly by as a pianist plays. A variety of impressive off- board experiences are available, from touring vineyards at Montalcino to riding horses in Abruzzo. A one- way ticket starts at £2,140. Spacia X, Japan This train provides a stylish way of making the two- hour journey between Tokyo’s Asakusa station and the city of Nikko. Spacia X also includes comfortable sofas and seats. Passengers can appreciate the scenery as they shoot past mountains, waterfalls and temples. Tickets can be bought online or from any station on the Tobu line. A one- way ticket starts from £7.50. The Vietage, Vietnam The Vietage runs between Da Nang and Quy Nhon in supreme comfort. Travelers can take in the beauty of the Vietnamese countryside over a thirty- course lunch with free drinks. The ticket price also includes a head-and-shoulder massage(按摩). A one- way ticket is £330. 13. Which of the following makes La Dolce Vita stand out? A. Comfortable seats. B. Various off-board experiences. C. Online ticket booking. D. A head-and-shoulder massage. 14. Which of the rail routes provides a hearty lunch? A. Spacia X, Japan. B. La Dolce Vita, Italy. C. The Vietage, Vietnam. D. GoldenPass Express, Switzerland. 15. What do the four rail routes have in common? A. The travel time. B. The ticket price. C. The superior service. D. The adjustable seats. 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. C 【语篇导读】本文是应用文。文章是关于高端列车旅行的推荐介绍。文中详细描述了几条在全球不同地区的特色铁路旅程，包括它们的起讫点、特色服务、票价以及旅行中的独特体验，旨在向读者推介奢华舒适的火车旅行选择。 13. 细节理解题。由La Dolce Vita, Italy部分的“A variety of impressive off- board experiences are available, from touring vineyards at Montalcino to riding horses in Abruzzo. (从蒙塔奇诺的葡萄园之旅到阿布鲁佐的骑马，这里有各种令人印象深刻的下车体验。)”可知，La Dolce Vita的特色在于其丰富的下车体验活动。故选B。 14. 细节理解题。由The Vietage, Vietnam部分中的“Travelers can take in the beauty of the Vietnamese countryside over a thirty- course lunch with free drinks. (在这里，游客可以饱览越南乡村的美景，享用30道菜的午餐和免费饮料。)”可知，The Vietage, Vietnam路线提供丰盛的午餐。故选C。 15. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A high-end train journey enables you to experience destinations at a unique pace and in total comfort while enjoying first-class service.  These are some of the most exciting rail routes to choose from.(一趟高端的火车之旅，让你以独特的节奏和完全舒适的体验目的地，同时享受一流的服务。这些是一些最令人兴奋的铁路路线可供选择。)”因此，它们都体现了卓越的服务。故选C。 Passage 6 (2026届广西名校高三下学期高考素养评估押题调研)Iceland is rich with jaw-dropping sights. Whether you’re booking a trip based on the cost, the weather, the attractions or the crowds, this guide has you covered. Finest Weather to Visit The weather is the most pleasant in Iceland during the summer months. That’s when average temperatures can range from 50 to 59 degrees Fahrenheit. There are many people who flock to Iceland during this time to enjoy the warmer temperatures and greener landscapes. Best Northern Lights Observing Time The best time to see the Northern Lights is between September and March. Even though Iceland is one of the best places to see the Northern Lights, catching a glimpse(一瞥) of the breathtaking lights is not guaranteed. The conditions need to be just right: clear skies and strong solar activity. Unlike the climate in autumn and spring, the weather can be rough in winter, with lots of rain and snow, which can ultimately ruin your chances of seeing the lights. Cheapest Visiting Time The cheapest time to visit Iceland is during its off-peak season, from September to November. It’s also recommended that bargain(便宜货) hunters visit between January and April, and a little research goes a long way when it comes to landing great travel deals. Whether you’re booking a hotel or motel, plan your trip early, do your research and track prices if you have the time. Many apps work on supply and demand, so booking direct with places often has savings attached. 16. When is the best time to visit Iceland regarding the weather? A. From March to May. B. Between June and August. C. In September and November. D. Around December and February. 17. What’s required for viewing the Northern Lights in Iceland? A. Friendly companions. B. Professional equipment. C. Dependable solar energy. D. Favorable natural conditions. 18. What can we infer from the text? A. Tourists are most likely to see the Northern Lights in winter. B. Visiting Iceland in summer may cost more than in off-peak seasons. C. The weather in Iceland remains stable all year round. D. All apps can help travelers save a lot of money. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. B 【语篇导读】主要介绍游览冰岛的最佳天气时段、观测极光的适宜条件以及性价比最高的出行时间，为游客提供旅行参考。 16. 细节理解题。根据Finest Weather to Visit部分中的“The weather is the most pleasant in Iceland during the summer months. That’s when average temperatures can range from 50 to 59 degrees Fahrenheit.( 冰岛在夏季几个月里天气最为舒适。那时候平均气温区间为50至59华氏度。)” 可知，冰岛夏季天气最佳，对应六至八月。 17. 细节理解题。根据Best Northern Lights Observing Time部分中的“The conditions need to be just right: clear skies and strong solar activity.(需要恰到好处的条件：晴朗的天空和强烈的太阳活动。)”可知，观测极光需要良好的自然条件作为支撑。 18. 推理判断题。根据Cheapest Visiting Time部分中的“The cheapest time to visit Iceland is during its off-peak season, from September to November.(游览冰岛最便宜的时间是九月至十一月的旅游淡季。)”可知，夏季属于旅游旺季，花费通常高于淡季。 考向三 公告、通知、指南、说明书等 Passage 1 (2026届山东宁阳县复圣中学高三模拟测试六)As we move out of the depths of winter, and tip gently into spring, our moods and tastes can transition too; some days we still miss the comfort of winter foods, while, on others, we may feel ready to welcome the lighter, fresher flavors of the new season. This vibrant vegetable and chicken one-pot, finished with lemon and fresh herbs, has you covered, whatever your mood. It, rich in nutrients that help nourish your mind as well as your body; offers warmth and familiarity, alongside freshness and vitality — perfect for those in-between days, gently supporting your mood during this time of transition. SPRING CHICKEN & VEGETABLE ONE-POT (serves 4)Ingredients ❶ ❷ ❸ ❹ 500g skinless chicken legs Moderate Olive oil 150g onions 2 cloves of garlic 2 celery stalks 500ml chicken soup 150g garden peas 200g sugar snap peas 100g asparagus tips 100g natural yoghurt 1 lemon, juiced 10g finely chopped mint 10g finely chopped basil Method •Season the skinless chicken. •Heat moderate olive oil in a pan, fry the chicken until brown on both sides and then set aside on a separate plate. •Now add the onion, garlic, celery to the pan and stir-fry for a few minutes until soft. •Return the chicken to the pan, add the chicken soup and cook gently for around 20 minutes, until the chicken is done. •Then add the peas, sugar snaps and asparagus. Cook for 5 minutes until the vegetables are just tender. Stir in the yogurt. •Just before serving, add the lemon juice, mint, and basil. Adding the lemon too early may discolour the vegetables. Tip for leftovers Add a little cornflour to thicken the sauce, and then serve on top of pasta, or alongside rice. 1. Which can best describe the dish? A. Mind-blowing. B. Eye-catching. C. Memory-enhancing. D. Mood-boosting. 2. Which ingredient is used the most in this recipe? A. Peas. B. Yoghurt. C. Chicken. D. Onion. 3. Why is lemon juice added just before serving? A. To lock in the vegetables’ color. B. To ensure the chicken’s freshness. C. To help the soup take in the flavor. D. To prevent the yogurt from separating. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 【语篇导读】文章主要介绍了一道适合冬春交替季节的“春季鸡肉蔬菜一锅煮”菜谱，包括其营养价值和制作方法。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It, rich in nutrients that help nourish your mind as well as your body; offers warmth and familiarity, alongside freshness and vitality — perfect for those in-between days, gently supporting your mood during this time of transition. (它富含滋养身心所需的营养素；既有温暖与熟悉感，又兼具新鲜与活力——完美契合换季时节的日常，温柔地呵护着这段过渡期你的情绪。)”可知，这道菜最适合的描述是“能提升情绪的”。 2. 细节理解题。根据配料表表格中信息可知：鸡肉(chicken)用量为500g，洋葱(onion)为150g，豆子(peas)为150g + 200g = 350g，酸奶(yoghurt)为100g。因此，鸡肉用量最多。 3. 细节理解题。根据Method部分最后一步中“Adding the lemon too early may discolour the vegetables. (过早加入柠檬可能会使蔬菜变色。)”可知，柠檬汁在食用前加入是为了保持蔬菜的颜色。 Passage 2 (2026届山东师范大学附属中学高三高考前适应性训练)Due to falling costs, technological advances, and government support, electric vehicle (EV) sales have increased globally — in 2024, 22% of passenger vehicles sold worldwide were electric, eight times higher than just five years earlier. China is by far the dominant player: last year, 48% of its passenger vehicle sales were all-electric, totaling 11 million units, surpassing the 6 million EVs sold in the rest of the world combined. China fell behind in internal combustion engine production, so it saw EVs as a strategic opportunity to gain an edge, while also reducing air pollution and oil dependence. In the period of 2009-2010, it introduced subsidies(补贴) and tax breaks for EV producers and consumers through pilot cities, which could customize support. From 2009 to 2023, the government provided about $230 billion in financial support for EV discounts, tax breaks, and public chargers. The policies have been highly effective. Today, eight of the top ten EV models sold in China are made by Chinese companies. Domestic consumers can choose from over 500 EV models, more than in any other country. Chinese firms have also focused on affordable models: the two best-selling EVs — Geely Geome Xinguyan and BYD Seagull — both cost under $10,000, and on average EVs are cheaper than comparable gasoline cars. Furthermore, China has installed 1.6 million public fast chargers and 1.9 million slow chargers. Cities offer non-monetary benefits, such as removing the expensive, rationed (配给的) license plate process for EV buyers in Beijing and other major cities. 4. What was China’s main purpose of investing in EVs? A. To win a place in a new field. B. To promote the public chargers. C. To compete in battery production. D. To protect the natural environment. 5. When was “zero-emission credit policy” issued? A. In 2012. B. In 2018. C. In 2022. D. In 2024. 6. What was a result of EV policies? A. Higher quality EVs. B. Cheap maintenance price. C. Free license plates. D. Easier access to chargers. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 【语篇导读】本文介绍了中国电动汽车发展情况。 4. 推理判断题。根据第二段“China fell behind in internal combustion engine production, so it saw EVs as a strategic opportunity to gain an edge(中国在内燃机生产方面落后，因此将电动汽车视为获得优势的战略机遇)”可知，中国投资电动汽车的主要目的是在新领域赢得一席之地。 5. 细节理解题。根据图中“2018: Major expansion ofpublic fast chargers begins;zero-emissions creditpolicy launched, intendedto replace direct subsidies.(2018 年：公共快充充电桩开始大规模扩建；零排放积分政策落地推行，用以取代直接购车补贴)”可知，零排放积分政策是2018年出台的。 6. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Furthermore, China has installed 1.6 million public fast chargers and 1.9 million slow chargers.(此外，中国已安装160万个公共快速充电桩和190万个慢速充电桩)”可知，电动汽车政策的一个结果是更容易获得充电桩。 Passage 3 (2026届河北沧州市黄骅市河北黄骅中学高三考前模拟) Confucius Institute The Confucius Institute at the University of Minnesota offers several short classes on Chinese language and culture. ★Class Fees The cost of classes is $225 ($170 for Chinese Rehab) ★Class Calendar The Confucius Institute follows the University of Minnesota semester schedule. The Confucius Institute classes start a few weeks after the start of the University semester and last for ten class sessions. Classes are not held on University holidays. The upcoming class sessions will be: Spring 2024: February I-April 7 Summer 2024: June 13-August 25 Tentative class calendar: The schedule may change due to teacher availability. MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY Beginning I, Section A 6:00～7:30 p. m. Beginning I, Section B 6:00～7:30 p. m. Beginning II 6:00～7:30 p. m. Intermediate II 6:00～7:00 p. m. Chinese Rehab 6:30～7:00 p. m. Intermediate I 6:00～7:30 p. m. Beginning III 6:00～7:30 p. m. Intermediate III 6:00～7:30 p. m. ★Class Cancellations Any class not meeting minimum enrollment by four business days before the class start date will be cancelled and you will be contacted. If we must cancel a class due to insufficient enrollment or any other circumstance beyond our control, we will offer a full refund or issue credit towards another class. ★Contact Information The Confucius Institute is located within the University International Center on the east bank of the Twin Cities campus. The University International Center is located in the Keeler Apartment building. Enter at the corner of 17th Avenue S. E. and 4th Street through the doors located near the “University International Center” sign. Office hours The office is generally open Monday through Friday, from 8:00 a. m. until 4:30 p. m. The office is closed daily from 12:00 noon until 1:00 p. m. and is closed on all University holidays. Office Address 160 University International Center, 331-17th Ave. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55414 Phone: 612625-5080 Fax: 612-625-5158 Email: confucius@umn.edu 7. Chinese Rehab ______. A. costs more money B. is held on Monday C. lasts one and a half hours D. has four classes a week 8. To get information about the classes, you can visit the office ______. A. on Monday noon B. at 12:30 a. m., Tuesday C. on Wednesday evening D. at 1:30 p. m., Friday 9. What is TRUE about the classes? A. The schedule may be changeable. B. They can be one-to-one instruction. C. They are held on University holidays. D. They start at the beginning of the University semester. 【答案】7. B 8. D 9. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了明尼苏达大学孔子学院提供的中文语言和文化课程，包括课程费用、课程日历、取消政策和联系方式等信息。 7. 细节理解题。根据“Class Calendar”部分“Monday: Chinese Rehab 6:30～7:00 p. m. (周一：中文康复 6:30～7:00 p.m.)”可知，Chinese Rehab的日期是周一，故选B项。 8. 细节理解题。根据“Office hours”部分“The office is generally open Monday through Friday, from 8:00 a. m. until 4:30 p. m. The office is closed daily from 12:00 noon until 1:00 p. m. and is closed on all University holidays. (办公室通常在周一至周五开放，时间为上午8:00至下午4:30。办公室每天中午12:00至下午1:00关闭，并在所有大学假期关闭。)”可知，办公室在周一至周五的上午8:00至下午4:30开放，中午12:00至下午1:00关闭。因此，可以在周五下午1:30访问办公室，故选D项。 9. 细节理解题。根据“Tentative class calendar”部分“The schedule may change due to teacher availability. (课程时间表可能会因教师的可用性而改变。)”可知，课程时间表可能会因教师可用性而改变。故选A项。 Passage 4 (2026届浙江宁波市镇海中学高三模拟预测13)The fashion industry significantly influences our environment, from major international events to daily clothing. The chart below reveals the hidden environmental cost of fashion weeks last year. These estimates are conservative, as they only include travel emissions from designers and buyers, not other participants. But the problem is much bigger than these events. Fast fashion encourages people to treat clothes as disposable. Clothes stores change their product ranges every few weeks, generating a constant production cycle that causes significant damage to nature. To understand the true cost, we can look at a common item: a pair of jeans. Production: The stage is responsible for the emission of about 13 kilograms of CO2. → Dyeing(染色): The stage consumes over 2,000 liters of water and 10 liters of chemicals and dyes. → Washing: The stage requires over 1,000 liters of water. Overall, the industry accounts for 8% of global CO2 emissions (排放) and 20% of water pollution,  leading the UN to declare an "environmental emergency." In response, a shift is beginning. For major fashion events, new formats combining virtual platforms and real-life elements aim to reduce the carbon footprint of global travel. Beyond the runway, a new initiative is taking shape. The expanding influence of online communication helps raise sustainability awareness, encouraging mindful consumption and driving industry change. 10. Which fashion week had the most serious environmental impact? A. Milan. B. London. C. Paris. D. New York. 11. What is the minimum amount of water required in processing a pair of jeans? A. 1000 liters. B. 2000 liters. C. 3000 liters. D. 3010 liters. 12. What change is the fashion industry experiencing regarding sustainability? A. Reducing event scales. B. Employing digital power. C. Seeking policy support. D. Using cheaper materials. 【答案】10. D 11. C 12. B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了时尚行业对环境的危害及可持续发展新举措。 10. 细节理解题。根据图表数据，纽约时装周的碳排放为60,000 tCO₂e，高于米兰(28,000)、伦敦(29,000)和巴黎(45,000)，是四个选项中数值最高的，对应环境影响最严重。故选D。 11. 细节理解题。根据表格中“Dyeing(染色): The stage consumes over 2,000 liters of water and 10 liters of chemicals and dyes.(染色：这个阶段消耗超过2000升水以及10升化学物质和染料。)”以及“Washing: The stage requires over 1,000 liters of water.(洗涤：这个阶段需要超过1000升水。)”可知，处理一条牛仔裤最少需要的水是染色和洗涤阶段用水之和，即2000 + 1000 = 3000升。故选C。 12. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“For major fashion events, new formats combining virtual platforms and real-life elements aim to reduce the carbon footprint of global travel. Beyond the runway, a new initiative is taking shape. The expanding influence of online communication helps raise sustainability awareness, encouraging mindful consumption and driving industry change.(对于主要的时尚活动，结合虚拟平台和现实元素的新形式旨在减少全球旅行的碳足迹。在T台之外，一项新的倡议正在形成。在线通信不断扩大的影响力有助于提高可持续发展意识，鼓励理性消费并推动行业变革。)”可知，时尚行业正借助数字技术(虚拟平台、线上传播)推动可持续发展变革。故选B。 Passage 5 (2026届安徽明光中学等学校高三5月最后一卷三模)Family volunteering abroad offers a chance to reconnect while helping communities, wildlife, and ecosystems around the world. Here are some family volunteering projects for 2026 — unforgettable experiences for families who want to travel with purpose. Project 1: Family Elephant Conservation Project, Sri Lanka For families with children aged 6 +. Spend a week volunteering with your family near Wasgamuwa National Park in Sri Lanka. Help protect wild elephants while discovering the country’s landscapes, wildlife and culture. You can take part in: · Elephant observation and behavior monitoring · Biodiversity surveys and habitat restoration · Traditional crafts and Sri Lankan cooking · Sunrise hikes, birdwatching and canoeing Project 2: Playa Tortuga Family Conservation Program, Costa Rica For families with children aged 7 +. Swap ordinary family holidays for life in a tropical rainforest! Join researchers on Costa Rica’s Pacific coast, surrounded by beaches, forests and coral reefs. Stay at a research centre and take part in: ·Sea turtle hatchling (幼崽) release ·Crocodile surveys ·Butterfly garden projects and environmental education Project 3: Family Cloud Forest Conservation Program, Ecuador For families with children aged 2 +. Immerse yourselves in Ecuador’s rich cloud forests — a best choice for nature-loving families. On our 5-day family journey, you can: · Reforest the area with native trees · Maintain nature trails · Use camera traps to monitor large mammals · Enjoy Spanish lessons and cultural exchange Project 4: Greece Dolphin Family Volunteering Project, Greece For families with children aged 9 +. Join marine biologists on the Gulf of Ambracia, one of Greece’s richest marine areas. You’ll help protect dolphins and monk seals through: · Boat-based surveys and photo ID · Behavioural observations and group counts · Recording other marine species sightings 13. What can visitors do when taking Project 1? A. Enjoy boating at sunset. B. Have a chance to watch birds. C. Take lessons about traditional crafts. D. Study elephants with experts. 14. Which country may a visitor interested in language learning choose? A. Sri Lanka. B. Costa Rica. C. Ecuador. D. Greece. 15. What do the four projects have in common? A. They all welcome kids under five. B. They all provide guide service. C. They all involve animal-monitoring. D. They all contribute to the family bonds. 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. D 【语篇导读】本文主要介绍的是2026年四个适合家庭参与的海外志愿服务项目，让家庭在旅行中既能增进感情，又能为野生动物和生态保护做贡献。 13. 细节理解题。根据Project 1: Family Elephant Conservation Project, Sri Lanka部分“Sunrise hikes, birdwatching and canoeing(日出徒步、观鸟和划独木舟活动)”可知，当参加项目 1 时，游客们有机会观赏鸟类。 14. 细节理解题。根据Project 3: Family Cloud Forest Conservation Program, Ecuador部分“Enjoy Spanish lessons and cultural exchange(享受西班牙语课程以及文化交流活动)”可知，对于对语言学习感兴趣的游客来说，他们可以选择厄瓜多尔。 15. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Family volunteering abroad offers a chance to reconnect while helping communities, wildlife, and ecosystems around the world. Here are some family volunteering projects for 2026 — unforgettable experiences for families who want to travel with purpose.(家庭海外志愿服务提供了一个在帮助世界各地社区、野生动物和生态系统的同时增进家庭感情的机会。以下是2026年的一些家庭志愿服务项目——为那些希望有意义地旅行的家庭带来难忘的体验。)”可知，这四个项目的共同之处是它们都有助于增强家庭关系。 Passage 6 (2026届浙江绍兴市诸暨市高三下学期5月适应性考试) HOW TO ENTER YOUR BEST SHOTIS OPEN TO ANYONE IN AUSTRALIA. TO ENTER AN IMAGE IN THE COMP, CHECK THE COMPETITION THEMES AND ENTER AT AUSTRALIANPHOTOGRAPHY. COM/YAFPHOTOCOMPETITION/ UPCOMING COMPETITION THEMES YOUR ENTRY1.Email your entry to yourbestshot@ australianphotography.com with the name of the competition theme in the email subject line, for example, Weather, Abstract, Landscape, etc. 2. The image file must be the same as your name, for example, Jane Smith. jpg. If you enter multiple images, each new image file name should be appended with a unique number, e.g., Jane Smith 2. jpg. 3. A maximum of three images can be entered per person. 4. Images must be in JPEG format. 5. Email file size must not exceed 7MB. 6. Please include the following information about your entry in the body of your email: Name, image title and up to 200 words explaining how you created your image. Please also include technical details, including camera, lens, focal length, shutter speed, aperture, ISO, tripod (if used) and a brief summary of any software edits. 16. When is the deadline for Mia’s photo of sunbeam through window blinds? A. 31 May 2026. B. 30 September 2026. C. 31 March 2026. D. 30 November 2026. 17. What is required for the entry file? A. Image format. B. Color mode. C. Original work. D. Capture date. 18. What must be included in the email body? A. Contact information. B. A 300-word description. C. Full shooting process. D. Technical specifications. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 【语篇导读】文章介绍了澳大利亚YOUR BEST SHOT摄影大赛的参赛资格、即将开展的赛事主题及详细投稿要求，包括邮件格式、文件规范和需提交的创作信息等内容。 16. 细节理解题。根据图片4内容“DECEMBER 2026 LIGHT/SHADOW 30 September 2026 (2026年12月主题：光影，截止日期2026年9月30日)”可知，阳光透过百叶窗的照片属于“光影”主题，截止日期为2026年9月30日。 17. 细节理解题。根据YOUR ENTRY部分第4条“Images must be in JPEG format.(图片必须为JPEG格式)”可知，参赛文件明确规定了图像格式。 18. 细节理解题。根据YOUR ENTRY部分第6条“Please also include technical details, including camera, lens, focal length, shutter speed, aperture, ISO, tripod (if used) and a brief summary of any software edits.(同时请附上技术细节，包括相机、镜头、焦距、快门速度、光圈、感光度、是否使用三脚架以及任何软件编辑的简要说明)”可知，邮件正文中必须包含技术规格信息。 考向四 议论文 Passage 1 (2026届安徽明光中学等学校高三5月最后一卷三模)Meritocracy(精英管理制度) is a central concept in sociology, referring to a system where individuals’ success is determined by their ability and skills rather than social background or wealth. Originally introduced by Michael Young in 1958, it has become a widely discussed ideal — praised for its promise of equality yet widely debated due to its practical limitations. The key principles are based on “ability-based success”, including equal opportunity for all, emphasis on individual achievement and responsibility, competition as a driver of excellence, and focus on efficiency. These principles imply that through healthy competition, the most capable and hardworking individuals rise to the top, with success viewed as a result of one’s own efforts rather than family connections. The main benefit lies in fairness and social mobility. By rewarding talent and hard work over privilege(特权), meritocracy encourages individuals to invest in developing their abilities and striving for improvement. This encouragement inspires motivation and innovation, develops a sense of control over one’s destiny, and drives societal dynamism. Most importantly, it offers a pathway for disadvantaged individuals to move up the social ladder, breaking cycles of intergenerational poverty through personal efforts. However, meritocracy has significant disadvantages. First, it can reinforce existing inequalities: privileged individuals often have better access to quality education, resources, and social networks, giving an unfair head start. This weakness arises from the unrealistic assumption that everyone starts from the same line, ignoring systemic barriers such as poverty or unequal educational access. Second, meritocracy tends to define competence narrowly, prioritizing intellectual ability or economic productivity while overlooking qualities like empathy, creativity or teamwork. Additionally, its emphasis on individual competition can lead to intense psychological stress and extreme individualism, harming social unity. In conclusion, meritocracy promotes equal opportunity, individual effort and competition. It offers fairness and social mobility but reinforces inequality, ignores systemic barriers, and defines abilities too narrowly. Given these factors, meritocracy should be abandoned as a social ideal — it is false and encourages selfishness and indifference to the unfortunate. 1. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Individuals’ competition and efficiency. B. The link between success and effort. C. Personal achievement and responsibility. D. Meritocracy’s principles and significance. 2. What can be inferred about meritocracy? A. It may cause stress and weaken the sense of community. B. It assumes success largely depends on social background. C. It values emotional intelligence more than intellectual ability. D. It claims family wealth fails to affect educational opportunities. 3. How does the author develop the text? A. By listing some facts. B. By comparing pros and cons. C. By citing expert opinions. D. By explaining a definition. 4. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To question a major concept in sociology. B. To introduce the history of a sociological concept. C. To discuss effective ways to promote social equality. D. To show how people can succeed in a meritocratic system. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. A 【语篇导读】文章介绍精英管理制度的定义、核心原则与优势，分析其存在的弊端，最终表明作者否定该制度作为社会理想的态度。 1. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The key principles are based on “ability-based success”, including equal opportunity for all, emphasis on individual achievement and responsibility, competition as a driver of excellence, and focus on efficiency. These principles imply that through healthy competition, the most capable and hardworking individuals rise to the top, with success viewed as a result of one’s own efforts rather than family connections.(其核心原则基于“能力制胜”，包括人人机会平等、重视个人成就与责任、以竞争驱动卓越以及注重效率。这些原则意味着通过良性竞争，最有能力、最勤奋的人能够脱颖而出，成功被视为个人努力的结果而非人脉的结果)”可知，第二段主要介绍精英管理制度的核心原则及其内涵意义。 2. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Additionally, its emphasis on individual competition can lead to intense psychological stress and extreme individualism, harming social unity.(此外，它对个人竞争的重视会导致严重的心理压力和极端的个人主义，损害社会团结)”可知，精英管理制度可能造成压力，并削弱社会集体意识。 3. 推理判断题。文章首段给出精英管理制度定义，第二段阐述了精英管理制度所依据的四大核心原则，第三段介绍其优势，第四段阐述其弊端，尾段总结利弊并给出评价。全文通过对比优缺点展开行文。 4. 推理判断题。根据首段“Originally introduced by Michael Young in 1958, it has become a widely discussed ideal — praised for its promise of equality yet widely debated due to its practical limitations.()praised for its promise of equality yet widely debated due to its practical limitations.(因其平等愿景备受赞誉，却也因现实局限广受争议)”以及尾段“Given these factors, meritocracy should be abandoned as a social ideal — it is false and encourages selfishness and indifference to the unfortunate.(基于这些因素，精英管理制度不应作为社会理想，它是虚假的，还会助长自私与对弱者的冷漠)”可知，作者旨在探讨并质疑精英制度这一社会学概念。 Passage 2 (2027届湖南长沙市金秋方舟高级中学有限公司高三考前模拟)Community service, often defined as voluntary work intended to help people in a particular area, has been added to high school curricula(课程) worldwide. One of the main reasons for adding community service to high school education is its obvious impact on personal growth and development. Through community service, students gain valuable life skills that traditional classroom instruction may not fully provide. Moreover, community service provides a real-world context for students to apply academic(学术的) knowledge. For example, a student interested in biology might volunteer at a local animal shelter or take part in conservation projects, gaining practical experience that enriches his/her understanding of classroom theories. Another important benefit of community service is that it helps high school students develop social responsibility and social awareness. By doing community service activities, students become more aware of societal issues. And they will realize the importance of contributing to the common good. Despite its benefits, the introduction of community service to high school curricula is not without challenges. One common concern is that community service may add more stress to high school students who are already under a lot of pressure. Balancing academics, extracurricular activities and personal affairs can be hard, and community service might make them more tired and stressed. Additionally, the quality and accessibility of community service opportunities can be different in different areas. Students in schools or communities with few resources may have fewer opportunities for meaningful service experiences. This actually widens the gap between students. In conclusion, while community service in high school presents certain challenges, its benefits for personal growth and academic enrichment are clear. By adding community service to high school curricula, educators can equip students with essential life skills, develop their sense of public duty and increase their social awareness. Community service not only prepares students for future academic and professional plans but also shapes helpful citizens who are willing to make a positive difference to their communities. 5. What does the author want to tell us in paragraph 2? A. The benefits of community service. B. The importance of learning life skills. C. The advantages of gaining practical experiences. D. The necessity of developing social responsibility. 6. What’s the concern about adding community service to high school education? A. It leads to decrease in extracurricular activities. B. It challenges traditional classroom instruction. C. It increases students’ pressure. D. It affects school work. 7. According to paragraph 4, what may lead to unfairness between students? A. The different academic tasks. B. The unequal access to resources. C. The lack of social awareness. D. The individual differences. 8. What does the author think of community service? A. It takes up too much of students’ study time. B. It should be promoted worldwide. C. It aims to develop academic talents. D. It has a positive influence on students. 【答案】5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文，主要围绕将社区服务纳入高中课程这一话题展开，既论述了社区服务对高中生的诸多益处，也分析了推行该举措面临的挑战，最后作者总结了社区服务对学生成长发展的积极价值。 5. 主旨大意题。通过阅读第二段内容可知，该段首句“One of the main reasons for adding community service to high school education is its obvious impact on personal growth and development.(将社区服务纳入高中教育的主要原因之一，是它对个人成长和发展具有明显的影响。)”点明段落主旨：社区服务纳入高中教育对个人成长发展有显著作用，并在该段后文通过“Through community service, students gain valuable life skills that traditional classroom instruction may not fully provide. Moreover, community service provides a real-world context for students to apply academic knowledge.(通过社区服务，学生能够获得传统课堂教学难以完全提供的宝贵生活技能。此外，社区服务为学生提供了应用学术知识的现实场景。)”以及“Another important benefit of community service is that it helps high school students develop social responsibility and social awareness.(社区服务的另一个重要益处是，它有助于高中生培养社会责任感和社会意识。)”详细讲述了其益处。因此，整段围绕社区服务的诸多益处展开。 6. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“One common concern is that community service may add more stress to high school students who are already under a lot of pressure.(一个普遍的担忧是，社区服务可能会给本就承受巨大压力的高中生带来更多的压力。)”可知，人们担忧该举措会增加学生的压力。 7. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“Additionally, the quality and accessibility of community service opportunities can be different in different areas. Students in schools or communities with few resources may have fewer opportunities for meaningful service experiences. This actually widens the gap between students.(此外，不同地区社区服务机会的质量和可及性可能存在差异。资源匮乏的学校或社区的学生可能获得有意义的服务体验的机会更少，这实际上拉大学生之间的差距。)”可知，不同地区社区服务资源、机会不均；资源匮乏地区的学生缺少有意义的实践机会，拉大学生间差距。因此，资源获取的不平等会造成学生之间的不公平。 8. 推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“In conclusion, while community service in high school presents certain challenges, its benefits for personal growth and academic enrichment are clear.(总之，尽管高中阶段的社区服务存在一些挑战，但其对个人成长和学业拓展带来的益处是显而易见的。)”可知，作者认为社区服务对学生有积极影响。 Passage 3 (2026届山西金科大联考高三年级下学期4月末联考)Are your online browsing(浏览) habits changing? If so, the answer might lie with the answer engine. It is not often that a dictionary takes someone to court. But in September 2025, the Merriam-Webster Dictionary and its parent company, Encyclopedia Britannica Inc, did exactly that. They accused an answer engine called Perplexity AI of unlawfully copying their content and reducing their ability to make money and financial income by taking away visitors from their websites. The lawsuit(诉讼) also claimed that the answer engine had harmed Merriam-Webster’s trademark by linking false information (made up by the AI) to the dictionary. An answer engine is an online tool that provides AI-generated responses to queries(提问), instead of a list of web results for users to browse themselves. In contrast with a traditional search engine, which acts as a middleman between users seeking information and web publishers who provide it, answer engines do the digging for the user by copying data from websites and summarizing it in the form of a direct answer. Even the world’s largest search engine, Google, is adding AI answers above its regular search results. This shift is changing how business is done on the Internet. Fewer people are clicking through to original websites and, zero clicks means a drop in ad incomes and subscriptions. Publishing platforms and content creators are finding that their old strategy for getting noticed online, including search engine optimisation (SEO), is losing its power. They are now trying new methods, like answer engine optimization (AEO). As today’s answer engines steal traffic from websites and the whole economy of the Internet finds itself in change, language relating to the Internet will change too. Users will switch from searching with keywords to asking complex questions in natural, conversational language. Terms such as traffic, hits and clicks are already giving way to content, cited sources and AI mentions. When machines start answering for us, what happens to the joy and luck of discovering for ourselves? Will we keep browsing, exploring and surfing the Internet, if the active role of users is taken over by the uniform output of an answer engine? 9. Why did the Merriam-Webster Dictionary initiate a lawsuit? A. To protect the privacy of its users. B. To accuse Perplexity AI of copying. C. To prevent the spread of false information. D. To defend its trademark and financial interests. 10. How is an answer engine different from a traditional search engine? A. It helps publishers increase income. B. It creates original content not result lists. C. It acts as a final interpreter, not just a gateway. D. It provides free search engines for professionals. 11. What concern does the author express about answer engines? A. Replacing online business. B. Forcing users to pay for AI services. C. Making Internet language complicated. D. Taking away the joy of personal discovery. 12. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Dictionaries’ New Era With AI B. The Rise and Risk of Answer Engines C. Answer Engines: From Search to Answer D. Dictionary Shift: From Paper to E-paper 【答案】9. D 10. C 11. D 12. B 【语篇导读】文章以词典出版商起诉答案引擎Perplexity AI为引子，介绍了答案引擎的工作原理及其与传统搜索引擎的区别，并探讨了这种技术变革对互联网经济、内容创作和用户行为可能带来的影响与风险。 9. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的句子“They accused an answer engine called Perplexity AI of unlawfully copying their content and reducing their ability to make money and financial income by taking away visitors from their websites. The lawsuit (诉讼) also claimed that the answer engine had harmed Merriam-Webster’s trademark by linking false information (made up by the AI) to the dictionary. (他们指控一款名为Perplexity AI的答案引擎非法复制其内容，并通过抢走其网站的访问者来降低其赚钱和获得经济收入的能力。该诉讼还声称，该答案引擎通过将人工智能编造的虚假信息与词典关联，损害了韦氏词典的商标权。)”可知，韦氏词典提起诉讼是为了维护其商标权和经济利益。 10. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的句子“An answer engine is an online tool that provides AI-generated responses to queries (提问), instead of a list of web results for users to browse themselves. In contrast with a traditional search engine, which acts as a middleman between users seeking information and web publishers who provide it, answer engines do the digging for the user by copying data from websites and summarizing it in the form of a direct answer. (答案引擎是一种在线工具，它为查询提供人工智能生成的响应，而不是让用户自己浏览的网页结果列表。与传统搜索引擎不同，传统搜索引擎是寻求信息的用户和提供信息的网络发布者之间的中间人，而答案引擎则通过从网站复制数据并以直接答案的形式进行总结，为用户挖掘信息。)”可知，答案引擎与传统搜索引擎的不同在于它充当最终的解释者，而不仅仅是一个连接信息的门户。 11. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的句子“When machines start answering for us, what happens to the joy and luck of discovering for ourselves? Will we keep browsing, exploring and surfing the Internet, if the active role of users is taken over by the uniform output of an answer engine? (当机器开始为我们解答问题时，我们自己探索发现的乐趣和幸运会发生什么变化？如果用户的主动角色被答案引擎的统一输出所取代，我们还会继续浏览、探索和网上冲浪吗？)”可知，作者对答案引擎表达的担忧是它会夺走个人探索发现的乐趣。 12. 主旨大意题。文章以韦氏词典起诉答案引擎的事件引入，主要介绍了答案引擎的兴起，以及它带来的版权争议、对互联网商业模式的冲击，还有对用户探索乐趣的影响等风险。所以“答案引擎的兴起与风险”适合作为文章的标题。 Passage 4 (2025-2026学年广东名校联盟高三7月质量水平测试)There has been an explosion of interest in ‘creative AI’, but does this mean that artists will be replaced by machines? No, definitely not, says Anne Ploin, Oxford Internet Institute researcher and one of the team behind today’s report on the potential impact of machine learning (ML) on creative work. Although it was 2022, it is still valuable now. Ploin states machine learning has become a tool for artists, but will never substitute them. Mx Ploin emphasizes human agency in creativity is irreplaceable: while AI can automate parts of creation like generating multiple image versions, current AI cannot replicate the core creative decision-making that makes real art. Artistic creativity relies on personal choices, life experience, social and political context, and human emotion — elements data-driven AI can never copy, as life experience cannot be translated into data for now. AI models lack autonomy and cannot launch new artistic movements independently; they only produce unexpected variations of existing works. According to Mx Ploin, ‘We interviewed 14 experts who work in the creative arts, including media and fine artists whose work centred around generative ML techniques. We also talked to curators and researchers in this field. This allowed us to develop a fuller understanding of the implications of AI — ranging from automation to complementarity — in a domain at the heart of human experience: creativity.’ They found a range of responses to the use of machine learning and AI. New activities required by using ML models involved both continuity with previous creative processes and rupture from past practices. There were major changes around the generative process, the evolving ways ML outputs were conceptualised, and artists’ embodied experiences of their practice. And, says the researcher, the use of ML models was a “step change” from past tools, according to many artists. While the machine learning models could help produce ‘surprising variations of existing images’, practitioners felt the artist remained irreplaceable... in making artworks. But, she maintains, while the machine learning models could help produce ‘surprising variations of existing images’, practitioners felt the artist remained irreplaceable in terms of giving images artistic context and intention — that is, in making artworks. Ultimately, most agreed that despite the increased affordances of ML technologies, the relationship between artists and their media remained essentially unchanged, as artists ultimately work to address human — rather than technical — questions. Don’t let it put you off going to art school. We need more artists. But, says Mx Ploin, 13. How did the writer start the essay? A. By raising a controversial crisis B. By asking a rhetorical question C. By stating an unusual opinion D. By creating an abnormal suspense 14. Why is Ploin’s 2022 study still valuable? A. Highlights AI as step change B. Notes AI’s image variations C. Draws on real art practitioners D. Stresses artistic intention alone 15. What is the artists’ core conflict? A. AI assistance vs human artistry B. AI variation vs human art context C. AI upgrade vs creation logic D. AI output vs human art intention 16. What ability should art students develop according to the text? A. Equipped with proper AI skills B. Cultivate art skills to solve academic issue C. Keep human creative essence D. Combine AI with artistic creation rationally 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. C 【语篇导读】文章主要阐述AI只是创作工具，人类艺术家的核心创造力无法被人工智能取代。 13. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“There has been an explosion of interest in ‘creative AI’, but does this mean that artists will be replaced by machines? No, definitely not, says Anne Ploin, Oxford Internet Institute researcher and one of the team behind today’s report on the potential impact of machine learning (ML) on creative work.(人们对“创意人工智能”的兴趣空前高涨，但这是否意味着艺术家会被机器取代？牛津互联网研究院的研究员安妮·普洛因给出了明确的否定答案，她也是这份聚焦机器学习对创意工作潜在影响的报告的核心团队成员之一。)”可知，文章开篇先提出设问，随后自行给出答案。 14. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“According to Mx Ploin, ‘We interviewed 14 experts who work in the creative arts, including media and fine artists whose work centred around generative ML techniques. We also talked to curators and researchers in this field. This allowed us to develop a fuller understanding of the implications of AI — ranging from automation to complementarity — in a domain at the heart of human experience: creativity.’(普洛因表示：“我们采访了14位创意艺术领域的专家，其中包括一批主要运用生成式机器学习技术进行创作的媒体艺术家与美术创作者。我们也和该领域的策展人、研究人员展开了交流。这让我们能够更全面地理解人工智能在创造力这一人类核心体验领域产生的多重影响，其作用覆盖自动化创作到辅助互补等多个层面。”)”可知，这份2022年的研究基于大量真实艺术从业者的访谈调研，结论贴合行业实际，至今仍具备参考价值。 15. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Ploin states machine learning has become a tool for artists, but will never substitute them. (普洛因指出，机器学习如今已成为艺术家的创作工具，但永远无法取代艺术家本身。)”以及第五段中“While the machine learning models could help produce ‘surprising variations of existing images’, practitioners felt the artist remained irreplaceable...in making artworks. (尽管机器学习模型能够辅助生成“现有图像的出人意料的变体”，但艺术从业者们始终认为，在完成艺术创作这件事上，艺术家的核心地位是不可替代的。)”可知，全文核心探讨AI可辅助创作，但人类艺术天赋与核心创作能力不可替代，二者构成艺术家面对的核心矛盾：AI辅助与人本身的艺术创造力。 16. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Mx Ploin emphasizes human agency in creativity is irreplaceable: while AI can automate parts of creation like generating multiple image versions, current AI cannot replicate the core creative decision-making that makes real art.(普洛因强调，人类在创作中的主观能动性是不可替代的：尽管人工智能可以将部分创作环节自动化，比如生成多版图像，但当下的人工智能无法复刻出成就真正艺术的核心创作决策。)”和第五段中“While the machine learning models could help produce ‘surprising variations of existing images’, practitioners felt the artist remained irreplaceable... in making artworks. (尽管机器学习模型能够辅助生成“现有图像的出人意料的变体”，但艺术从业者们始终认为，在完成艺术创作这件事上，艺术家的核心地位是不可替代的。)”可知，艺术学习者最需要守住人类创作的核心本质，这是AI无法取代的核心能力。 Passage 5 (2026届浙江宁波市镇海中学高三英语模拟)As popular mistrust of expert opinion grows, we increasingly encounter the following skeptical argument about science: Historically, even well-established theories and findings have been overturned, so why should we trust the ones we have now? The question sounds sobering(令人深思的) but also misleading. To understand what’s wrong with the skeptical argument, we should closely examine its reasoning. One possibility is that science is imperfect in essence. If the scientific method has obvious drawbacks, people may expect science to keep producing problematic theories. The fundamental issue lies in the fact that there is no single scientific method used in all of science. For instance, Newton’s deductive reasoning(演绎推理) based on observed phenomena is strikingly different from Darwin’s approach of inferring the best explanation from available evidence, which, in turn, differs completely from Einstein’s thought experiments involving light beams, trains, and elevators. What people call the scientific method is really many distinct ways of investigating the world — different strategies for representing, experimenting and classifying. To claim that science is fundamentally unreliable, one may examine the evidence and methods in a specific research area. Take early-stage medical research, where a large proportion of findings were later found to be contradicted by better evidence. In this context, doubt may be justified: if previous findings were unreliable, future ones might be too. But notice that we’re not making an overgeneralized claim about all scientific research. We’re identifying a specific area of research which is methodologically problematic and coming to a limited conclusion supported by solid evidence. Nor are we comparing the failures of early-stage medical research to the so-called “failures” of Newtonian physics. Newton’s laws are accurate in many but not all contexts; one reason Einsteinian physics is considered successful is that it preserves Newton’s accuracy. What I propose is neither global pessimism nor blind faith. It’s local skepticism, or disciplined trust, which would serve us much better but requires some actual knowledge of science and some intellectual humility. The history of science is indeed a graveyard (坟墓) of abandoned theories, but the fact that science keeps changing is a mark of its strength. It’s not a problem but the engine that drives scientific progress. 17. Why does the author mention Newton, Darwin, and Einstein in Paragraph 4? A. To illustrate the progress of physics over time. B. To show that science lacks a universal method. C. To argue that thought experiments are unreliable. D. To prove that scientific theories often contradict each other. 18. What can be inferred about early-stage medical research from the passage? A. It follows the same methods as Newtonian physics. B. Its findings are generally more reliable than physics. C. It is a good example of where local skepticism is justified. D. Its failures prove that all scientific research is problematic. 19. What does the author mean by “disciplined trust” in the last paragraph? A. Believing in historical scientific theories. B. Trusting scientific findings without question. C. Rejecting scientific claims unless proven true. D. Trusting science based on evidence and context. 20. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To defend the public’s distrust of science. B. To prove that scientific theories are often wrong. C. To argue for a balanced view of scientific reliability. D. To compare different scientific methods across history. 【答案】17. B 18. C 19. D 20. C 【语篇导读】文章反驳了因科学理论曾被推翻而全面怀疑科学的观点，指出科学方法多样，应基于具体领域进行局部怀疑，并倡导一种基于证据和背景的有约束的信任。 17. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The fundamental issue lies in the fact that there is no single scientific method used in all of science. For instance, Newton’s deductive reasoning (演绎推理) based on observed phenomena is strikingly different from Darwin’s approach of inferring the best explanation from available evidence, which, in turn, differs completely from Einstein’s thought experiments involving light beams, trains, and elevators. (根本问题在于，科学中并不存在一种适用于所有学科的单一科学方法。例如，牛顿基于观察现象进行的演绎推理，与达尔文从现有证据中推断最佳解释的方法截然不同，而后者又与爱因斯坦涉及光束、火车和电梯的思想实验完全不同。)”可推知，作者列举三位科学家的不同研究方法，就是为了说明科学不存在普适的统一方法。 18. 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Take early-stage medical research, where a large proportion of findings were later found to be contradicted by better evidence. In this context, doubt may be justified: if previous findings were unreliable, future ones might be too. (以早期医学研究为例，该领域很大一部分研究结果后来被更有力的证据推翻。在这种情况下，怀疑是合理的：如果过去的结果不可靠，该领域未来的结果也可能不可靠。)”和第六段中“We’re identifying a specific area of research which is methodologically problematic and coming to a limited conclusion supported by solid evidence. (我们正在识别一个在方法论上存在问题的特定研究领域，并得出一个由可靠证据支持的有限结论。)”可知，对早期医学这一特定研究领域的怀疑是合理的，后来的可靠证据证实了其错误，这表明早期医学研究正是局部怀疑合理适用的典型例子。 19. 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“What I propose is neither global pessimism nor blind faith. It’s local skepticism, or disciplined trust (我所提出的观点既不是全盘的悲观否定，也不是盲目的轻信。它是局部怀疑，也就是有约束的信任)”，并结合上文提到对方法存在缺陷的特定研究领域可以合理怀疑，不能将这种怀疑扩大到所有科学研究可推知，“有约束的信任”指的就是基于证据和具体背景来信任科学，既不全盘否定也不盲目相信。 20. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“As popular mistrust of expert opinion grows, we increasingly encounter the following skeptical argument about science: Historically, even well-established theories and findings have been overturned, so why should we trust the ones we have now? (随着公众对专家意见的普遍不信任日益加深，我们越来越频繁地遇到以下关于科学的怀疑论观点：历史上，即便是久负盛名的理论和发现也曾被推翻，那么我们为何要相信目前所掌握的这些内容呢？)”和第二段中“The question sounds sobering (令人深思的) but also misleading. (这个问题听起来令人深思，但也具有误导性。)”可知，全文围绕对科学怀疑论的反驳展开，指出科学方法多样，局部怀疑合理但不应全面否定，最后提出“既不全盘悲观否定，也不盲目轻信”的平衡观点。由此可知，文章旨在为科学可靠性提出一种平衡的观点。 Passage 6 (2025-2026学年陕西西安高级中学模拟)Philosophers have a bad reputation for expressing themselves in a dry and boring way. The ideals for most philosophical writing are precision, clarity, and the sort of conceptual analysis that leaves no hair un-split. There is nothing wrong with clarity, precision, and the like — but this isn’t the only way to do philosophy. Outside academic journals, abstract philosophical ideas are often expressed through literature, cinema, and song. There’s nothing that grabs attention like a good story, and there are some great philosophical stories that delight and engage, rather than put the reader to sleep. One of the great things about this is that, unlike formal philosophy, which tries to be very clear, stories don’t wear their meanings on their sleeve — they require interpretation, and often express conflicting ideas for the reader to wrestle with. Consider what philosophers call the metaphysics(形而上学) of race — an area of philosophy that explores the question of whether or not race is real. There are three main positions that you can take on these questions. You might think that a person’s race is written in their genes (a position known as “biological realism”). Or you might think of race as socially real, like days of the week or currencies (“social constructionism”). Finally, you might think that races are unreal — that they’re more like leprechauns(一种魔法精灵) than they are like Thursdays or dollars (“anti-realism”). A great example of a story with social constructionist taking on race is George Schuyler’s novel Black No More. In the book, a Black scientist named Crookman invents a procedure that makes Black people visually indistinguishable from Whites. Thousands of African Americans crowd Crookman’s Black No More clinics and pay him their hard-earned cash to undergo the procedure. White racists can no longer distinguish those people who are “really” White from those who merely appear to be White. In a final episode, Crookman discovers that new Whites are actually whiter than those who were born that way, which kicks off a trend of sunbathing to darken one’s skin — darkening it so as to look more White. Philosophically rich stories like this bring more technical works to life. They are stories to think with. 21. What does the author think of philosophical stories? A. They are extremely precise and formal. B. The meanings behind are quite apparent. C. They often cause conflicts among readers. D. They are engaging and inspire critical thinking. 22. Which category might “Christmas” fall into according to paragraph 4? A. Anti-realism. B. Literary realism. C. Biological realism. D. Social constructionism. 23. What is Black No More in paragraph 5 mainly about? A. Racial issues caused by skin colors. B. A society view on race and self-image. C. Black people accepted by the white society. D. The origin of sun bathing among white people. 24. What is the best title of the text? A. Stories Made Easy B. Positions in Philosophy C. Stories to Think with D. Nature of Philosophical Writing 【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B 24. C 【语篇导读】这篇文章主要论述了“非学术场景中，哲学思想可通过故事传递，且故事更易吸引读者”这一观点。这类故事通过引人入胜的情节吸引读者关注，不直白呈现观点，而是需要读者解读并思考其中的矛盾思想，最终让抽象的哲学概念变得生动易懂，成为“可供思考的故事”。 21. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“There’s nothing that grabs attention like a good story, and there are some great philosophical stories that delight and engage, rather than putting the reader to sleep.(没有什么能像一个好故事那样吸引人的注意力，有一些伟大的哲学故事会让读者感到愉悦和吸引人，而不是让读者昏昏欲睡。)”以及第三段中“One of the great things about this is that, unlike formal philosophy, which tries to be very clear, stories don’t wear their meanings on their sleeve — they require interpretation, and often express conflicting ideas for the reader to wrestle with.(这其中最重要的一点是，与形式哲学不同的是，故事并不会把自己的意思挂在明面上——它们需要解释，而且常常表达出相互矛盾的观点，让读者纠结。)”可推知，哲学故事是吸引人的，激发批判性思维。 22. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Consider what philosophers call the metaphysics(形而上学) of race—an area of philosophy that explores the question of whether or not race is real. There are three main positions that you can take on these questions. You might think that a person’s race is written in their genes (a position known as “biological realism”). Or you might think of race as socially real, like days of the week or currencies (“social constructionism”). Finally, you might think that races are unreal — that they’re more like leprechauns(一种魔法精灵) than they are like Thursdays or dollars (“anti-realism”).( 试想一下哲学家所说的“种族形而上学”——这一哲学领域探讨的是种族是否存在这个问题。关于这一问题，人们通常持有三种主要立场。你可能会认为一个人的种族写在基因里(这种观点被称为“生物实在论”)。你或许会认为种族是社会建构的，就像星期几或货币一样(“社会建构主义”)。或者，你可能认为种族是虚幻的——它们更像是小精灵，而非星期四或美元(“反实在论”)。)”可推知，圣诞节是由社会文化共识形成的节日，和星期、货币一样属于社会建构的产物，归为社会建构主义范畴。 23. 推理判断题。根据第五段“A great example of a story with social constructionist taking on race is George Schuyler’s novel Black No More. In the book, a Black scientist named Crookman invents a procedure that makes Black people visually indistinguishable from Whites. Thousands of African Americans crowd Crookman’s Black No More clinics and pay him their hard-earned cash to undergo the procedure. White racists can no longer distinguish those people who are “really” White from those who merely appear to be White. In a final episode, Crookman discovers that new Whites are actually whiter than those who were born that way, which kicks off a trend of sunbathing to darken one’s skin—darkening it so as to look more White.( 一个极具代表性的例子是乔治·舒勒的小说《Black No More》。在这本书中，一位名叫克鲁克曼的黑人科学家发明了一种让黑人与白人在外貌上无法区分的手术方法。成千上万的非裔美国人纷纷前往克鲁克曼的“Black No More”诊所，用辛苦赚来的钱支付费用接受手术。白人种族主义者再也无法分辨那些“真正”的白人和仅外表看似白人的人了。在最后一集中，克鲁克曼发现，新变成白人的人皮肤比天生白人更白，于是人们开始流行晒太阳以使皮肤变黑，从而看起来更像白人。)”可知，第五段开头点明该小说是“社会建构主义种族观”的典型案例，结合书中黑人改造肤色后，天生白人反而通过晒黑肤色来彰显自身“正宗白人”身份的情节推测，这本书核心围绕社会对种族的看法以及由此产生的自我认知展开。 24. 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合最后一段“Philosophically rich stories like this bring more technical works to life. They are stories to think with.( 这类哲学内涵丰富的故事，能让技术性作品更加生动鲜活。它们是值得深思的故事。)”可知，文章主要介绍了哲学的抽象而复杂的理念往往是通过一个个有趣的小故事的形式体现的，它会启发读者思考，所以C项“Stories to Think with (可供思考的故事)”是本文最好的标题。 Passage 7 (2026届湖北十堰市郧阳中学高三最后一次模拟考试)In the digital age, the art of writing by hand has slowly been reduced to mere entertainment. However, recent research suggests that this physical act is crucial to brain health and development, offering multiple cognitive(认知的) benefits. It is time we reconsidered the potential benefits it may bring to our mental capacities. According to numerous studies, writing by hand stimulates more complex and diverse brain connections that are essential for encoding new information and forming memories. A recent investigation, for instance, found that brain connectivity patterns were far more complicated and widespread for participants who wrote by hand than for those who typed. Therefore, it is clear that handwriting has a distinct and significant impact on brain health. Handwriting is not only good for our brain health — it also has clear, practical advantages. Research has shown that students who take handwritten notes score significantly higher on quizzes, demonstrating improved learning. This finding extends beyond the classroom as well. People who recorded information on paper calendars displayed more brain activity and recalled information faster than those who used smartphones. The act of handwriting, consequently, could be a valuable tool for students preparing for exams and adults managing daily tasks. Despite its clear benefits, handwriting has been in decline. However, 25 states in the US have reintroduced it into school curricula. This represents a step in the right direction, as previous research has also indicated that handwriting is essential for children’s brain development. For example, illiterate children who wrote by hand showed brain activity in the circuit used for learning to read, further strengthening the link between handwriting and cognitive development. Clearly, handwriting is a valuable activity with the potential to enhance our brain health, learning, memory, and problem-solving skills. As we continue to navigate the digital age, it is important not to overlook the value of this seemingly simple activity. So, the next time you reach for your keyboard,remember the benefits of picking up a pen instead. 25. What is the common view of handwriting in today’s digital era? A. It is no longer as popular as it used to be. B. It should be taught together with typing. C. It is now valued equally with digital tools. D. It remains an essential skill for daily life. 26. What does Paragraph 3 mainly focus on regarding handwriting? A. Its role in improving brain connectivity. B. Its advantages in learning and memory tasks. C. Its effect on helping students score higher. D. Its value in adult daily management skills. 27. Why is previous research mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. To add further evidence. B. To make a comparison. C. To show different opinions. D. To present a professional viewpoint. 28. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To compare handwriting with typing. B. To promote handwriting as an art form. C. To introduce a new digital writing tool. D. To emphasize handwriting’s cognitive value. 【答案】25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 【语篇导读】文章主要讲述在数字时代手写逐渐沦为消遣，多项研究证明手写能促进大脑神经连接、提升学习与记忆能力，对儿童大脑发育至关重要，呼吁人们不要忽视手写对认知发展的重要价值。 25. 细节理解题。根据原文第一段“In the digital age, the art of writing by hand has slowly been reduced to mere entertainment.(在数字时代，手写这门技艺已经慢慢沦为单纯的消遣。)”可知，当下大众普遍认为手写早已不如从前流行。 26. 主旨大意题。根据原文第三段“Handwriting is not only good for our brain health — it also has clear, practical advantages. Research has shown that students who take handwritten notes score significantly higher on quizzes, demonstrating improved learning. This finding extends beyond the classroom as well. People who recorded information on paper calendars displayed more brain activity and recalled information faster than those who used smartphones.(手写不仅有益大脑健康，还有显著的实用优势。研究显示手写记笔记的学生测验分数更高，学习效果更好。这一结论也适用于课堂之外：用纸历记录信息的人大脑活跃度更高，信息提取速度快于使用手机的人。)”可知，本段主要介绍手写在学习、记忆类事务中的各类优势。 27. 推理判断题。根据原文第四段“However, 25 states in the US have reintroduced it into school curricula. This represents a step in the right direction, as previous research has also indicated that handwriting is essential for children’s brain development.(美国25个州重新将手写纳入校园课程，这是正确的举措，此前的研究也表明手写对儿童大脑发育不可或缺。)”可知，文中提及过往研究是为了给“推广手写课程”补充更多佐证依据。 28. 推理判断题。根据原文第一段“However, recent research suggests that this physical act is crucial to brain health and development, offering multiple cognitive benefits.(然而近期研究表明，手写这一行为对大脑健康与发育至关重要，具备多重认知益处。)”以及全文围绕手写对大脑、学习、记忆等认知层面的好处展开论述可知，文章写作目的是强调手写具备的认知价值。 Passage 8 (2026届广东多校联考学情调研)Berlin’s East Side Gallery attracts millions of visitors each year. Tourists crowd before vibrant murals(壁画) painted after the Cold War, but few pause to consider what lies beneath the paint: an original section of the Berlin Wall. The art has become the attraction; the history it covers has faded into background. This pattern extends far beyond Berlin. Across the globe, old buildings fall for new developments. The logic seems unarguable: cities must grow, economies must expand. But what disappears when we erase(清除) the physical traces of our past? Urban historian Dolores Hayden describes cities as “palimpsests” — manuscripts written upon repeatedly, earlier versions never fully erased. In her study of Los Angeles, she documented how development projects repeatedly tore down communities inhabited by Mexican-American and African-American families, replacing them with freeways and squares. The new structures served economic ambitions, but they also erased material evidence that these communities ever existed. “When the buildings disappear,” Hayden writes, “so does the tangible(有形的) proof that these people lived here, worked here, mattered here.” Some argue that memory can survive through photographs and documents. In fact, there is a difference between knowing about a place and experiencing it. A photograph of an old church conveys its appearance; walking through its doors conveys something else entirely — the height of the ceiling, the echo of footsteps, the weight of silence. These are not details; they are the substance of embodied memory. Research in environmental psychology suggests that physical spaces maintain collective identity. When communities lose familiar landmarks, they lose reference points that connect individuals to shared history. The result can be spatial disorientation — not merely not knowing where you are, but not knowing who you are in relation to those who came before. None of this argues against all development. Every generation inherits a city and passes one on. Some walls are meant to fall. Others are meant to stand — physical spaces ground memory in ways that images alone cannot, grounding us in a past that continues to shape who we are. 29. What is the function of paragraph 1? A. To criticize the over-commercialization of historic sites. B. To contrast historical significance with modern appeal. C. To present a phenomenon and introduce the topic. D. To explain why history is overlooked and underestimated. 30. What does the example of Los Angeles intend to illustrate? A. The cost of urban development. B. The role of economic ambitions. C. The preservation of tangible proof. D. The success of redevelopment projects. 31. What can be inferred about the communities losing landmarks? A. They cherish shared history. B. They maintain collective identity. C. They prioritize growth over memory. D. They face identity confusion. 32. What does the text convey? A. History outweighs art in value. B. Physical spaces hold irreplaceable memory. C. Cities face a growth-or-history choice. D. Photos preserve memory inadequately. 【答案】29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 【语篇导读】文章借柏林墙等例子，指出城市开发易抹去历史痕迹，而实体空间承载着不可替代的集体记忆与身份认同，城市发展不应忽视历史留存。 29. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Berlin’s East Side Gallery attracts millions of visitors each year. Tourists crowd before vibrant murals(壁画) painted after the Cold War, but few pause to consider what lies beneath the paint: an original section of the Berlin Wall. The art has become the attraction; the history it covers has faded into background. This pattern extends far beyond Berlin. Across the globe, old buildings fall for new developments. The logic seems unarguable: cities must grow, economies must expand. But what disappears when we erase(清除) the physical traces of our past?(柏林的东区画廊每年吸引数以百万计的游客。游客们在充满活力的冷战后绘制的壁画前熙熙攘攘，但很少有人停下来思考这些画作之下隐藏着什么：那是原版的柏林墙的一部分。艺术成为了这里的吸引点；而它所涵盖的历史则逐渐被置于背景之中。这种模式在柏林之外也普遍存在。在全球范围内，老旧建筑为了新的发展而被拆除。这种逻辑似乎无可辩驳：城市必须发展，经济必须扩张。但当我们抹去我们过去的物质痕迹时，又会失去什么呢？)”可知，第一段的作用是描述一种现象并引入主题。 30. 推理判断题。根据第二段“In her study of Los Angeles, she documented how development projects repeatedly tore down communities inhabited by Mexican-American and African-American families, replacing them with freeways and squares. The new structures served economic ambitions, but they also erased material evidence that these communities ever existed. ‘When the buildings disappear,’ Hayden writes, ‘so does the tangible(有形的) proof that these people lived here, worked here, mattered here.’(在她对洛杉矶的调研中，她记录了开发项目如何一次又一次地拆除由墨西哥裔美国人和非裔美国人组成的社区，取而代之的是高速公路和广场。这些新的建筑是为了实现经济目标，但它们也抹去了这些社区曾经存在的物质证据。‘当建筑消失时，’海登写道，‘这些人的存在痕迹也随之消失，他们曾在这里生活、工作、有所作为这一点也荡然无存了。’)”可知，洛杉矶这个例子意在说明城市发展的成本。 31. 推理判断题。根据第四段“When communities lose familiar landmarks, they lose reference points that connect individuals to shared history. The result can be spatial disorientation — not merely not knowing where you are, but not knowing who you are in relation to those who came before. (当社区失去了那些人们所熟悉的地标性建筑时，他们也就失去了能够将个体与共同历史联系起来的参照点。其结果可能是空间上的迷失方向——不仅是指不知道自己身处何地，还意味着不清楚自己与那些先辈们在何种关系中相联系。)”可知，那些失去标志性建筑的社区会面临身份认同的混乱。 32. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“None of this argues against all development. Every generation inherits a city and passes one on. Some walls are meant to fall. Others are meant to stand — physical spaces ground memory in ways that images alone cannot, grounding us in a past that continues to shape who we are.(这一切都不能否定发展的重要性。每一代人都会继承一座城市，并将其传承下去。有些城墙注定要倒塌，而另一些则注定要屹立不倒——这些有形的空间以一种仅靠图像无法实现的方式，将记忆固定下来，使我们深深扎根于过去，而过去也持续塑造着我们的身份。)”可知，文章表达了物理空间承载着不可替代的记忆。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司10 / 41 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $