Unit6语法(一般将来时态的被动语态)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年沪教版五四学制英语九年级上册

该初中英语讲义围绕“一般将来时被动语态”构建系统知识体系，通过知识铺垫、核心结构解析、主动被动转换步骤等模块，用分类框架呈现两种核心结构（will be done/be going to be done）和四类句式（肯定、否定、疑问、特殊疑问），并结合“by短语用法”“易错点警示”梳理知识脉络。 讲义亮点在于“主题化分层练习”设计，动词填空、句型转换等题型均围绕环保话题（如“The polluted river will be cleaned next year”），强化语言能力与文化意识。通过记忆口诀、易错点对比（如will be与be going to be的区分）指导学习方法，帮助学生掌握语法规则，不同层次学生可通过基础题（单选）和综合题（汉译英）提升，为教师精准教学提供支持。

Unit6 Pollution语法讲解与练习 一般将来时被动语态详细讲解 一、知识铺垫 1. 被动语态本质 主语是动作的承受者，不是动作发出者。 2. 时态回顾 一般现在时被动：am /is/are + done 一般过去时被动：was /were + done 一般将来时被动：描述将来将要发生的被动动作 语境常用来表达：污染将会被治理、垃圾将会被回收、环境将会被改善等环保话题。 二、一般将来时被动语态核心结构 ✅ 结构一（最常用）：will be +及物动词过去分词 (done) ✅ 结构二（侧重计划、安排）：be going to be + done 四类标准句式 1. 肯定句 主语+ will be /be going to be + done More rubbish will be recycled. 更多垃圾将会被回收利用。 The river is going to be cleaned soon. 这条河流很快将会被清理。 2. 否定句 主语+ will not be + done (won’t be) 主语+ am/is/are not going to be + done The waste won’t be thrown into the lake. 废弃物不会被扔进湖里。 3. 一般疑问句 Will +主语+ be + done? Am / Is / Are +主语 + going to be + done? Will the air pollution be reduced? 空气污染将会得到缓解吗？ 4. 特殊疑问句 疑问词+ will +主语+ be + done? Where will the harmful waste be dealt with? 有害垃圾将会在哪里处理？ 三、by 短语用法 by +动作执行者（宾格），放句尾；有时不知道执行者或者不需要强调执行者，可以省略 by 短语。 The polluted water will be treated by this new factory. 污水将会由这家新工厂净化。 四、主动语态 ↔ 被动语态转换步骤 1.主动句宾语移至句首，作被动句主语； 2.谓语变为 will be +过去分词； 3.主动语态主语置于by之后，可省略； 4.注意：be 永远不能漏掉！ 主动：People will reduce white pollution. 被动：White pollution will be reduced (by people). 五、重点规则 & 高频易错点 1.只有及物动词拥有被动语态 happen, appear, arrive 等不及物动词无被动 ❌ The accident will be happen. ✅ The accident will happen. 2.固定搭配不要遗漏介词 deal with → be dealt with；take care of → be taken care of ❌ The waste will be dealt. ✅ The waste will be dealt with. 3.典型错误警示 ❌ The river will cleaned. ✅ The river will be cleaned. will 后面必须加上 be，再接过去分词。 4.will be 与 be going to be 简单区分 A.will be含义：单纯预测、临时当下做出的决定（事前没有计划） *It will be sunny tomorrow. 明天将会天晴。（单纯猜测、天气预报预测） *Don’t worry. Everything will be OK. 别担心，一切都会好起来。（主观预判） *—This box is too heavy. —I will be right there to help you. — 箱子太重了。 — 我马上过来帮你。（临时决定，事先没打算） B.be going to be含义：早已计划、安排好；有明显迹象预示即将发生 *The party is going to be at my house this Saturday. 派对预定这周六在我家举办 （提前安排好） *Look at those dark clouds. It is going to be rainy. 看乌云，马上要下雨了。 （有迹象预判） *I am going to be a doctor in the future. 我打算将来当一名医生。（长久规划） 易混对比小短句 ✅ I will be free tomorrow.（随口猜测，不确定） ✅ I am going to be free tomorrow.（已经确认日程，有空） 六、单元主题例句汇总（Pollution & environment） 1.The dirty water will be treated before running into the river. 污水在排入河流前将会被净化。 2.Less plastic will be used in daily life. 日常生活中将会减少塑料的使用。 3.All the rubbish will be separated soon. 所有垃圾很快将会被分类。 4.The noise pollution won’t be stopped in a short time. 噪音污染短期内无法被消除。 5.More trees are going to be planted to protect the soil. 将会种植更多树木来保护水土。 七、记忆口诀 将来被动有两样，will be /be going to be 配上过去分词； will 后面一定要带 be，缺少 be 字是大忌； 宾变主，主变宾，by 短语可省略； 不及物动词无被动，固定短语介词不丢弃。 【配套专项练习】 大题一：用动词正确形式填空 1.The polluted river ________ (clean) next year. 2.All the old plastic bottles ________ (collect) for recycling. 3.Harmful gas ________ (not put) into the air any longer. 4.________ more new parks ________ (build) to improve the environment? 5.The rubbish ________ (separate) into different kinds later. 6.White pollution ________ (reduce) if we use fewer plastic bags. 7.The waste paper ________ (deal with) in this factory tomorrow. 8.________ the factory waste ________ (stop) from running into the lake? 9.More kinds of reusable bags ________ (provide) for shoppers. 10.The noisy machines ________ (move) away from the community soon. 11.The dirty streets ________ (not cover) with rubbish any more. 12.A lot of young trees ________ (plant) along both sides of the road. 13.________ the water problem ________ (solve) in the near future? 14.The used batteries ________ (keep) in special boxes. 15.Too much noise ________ (not make) near the school. 16.New rules ________ (make) to fight against pollution. 17.The polluted soil ________ (improve) in five years. 18.________ all kinds of waste ________ (reuse) in the town? 19.The dangerous chemicals ________ (lock) in a safe place. 20.Light pollution ________ (talk about) at tomorrow’s meeting. 大题二：单项选择 1.The waste water ______ before it goes into the river. A. will treat B. will be treated C. treats D. is treated 2.Lots of plastic rubbish ______ in the future. A. will recycle B. will be recycled C. recycles D. recycled 3.More trees ______ next spring to fight air pollution. A. will plant B. plant C. will be planted D. are planted 4.The old factory ______ soon. It causes much pollution. A. will close B. will be closed C. closes D. closed 5.—______ the noise problem ______ soon? —We hope so. A. Will; solve B. Will; be solved C. Does; solve D. Is; solved 6.The rubbish ______ into different groups later. A. will separate B. separates C. will be separated D. separated 7.New laws ______ to stop people from throwing rubbish everywhere. A. will make B. will be made C. make D. made 8.These used batteries ______ properly in the future. A. will deal with B. deal with C. will be dealt with D. are dealt with 9.Less plastic ______ in supermarkets from next month. A. will use B. will be used C. uses D. used 10.The polluted lake ______ in two years’ time. A. will clean B. cleans C. will be cleaned D. cleaned 11.All the waste paper ______ and reused. A. will collect B. will be collected C. collects D. collected 12.Don’t worry. The harmful gas ______. A. won’t produce B. won’t be produced C. isn’t produced D. didn’t produce 13.A new rubbish station ______ near our neighbourhood. A. will build B. builds C. will be built D. built 14.The old dirty roads ______ next year. A. will repair B. will be repaired C. repair D. are repaired 15.—Will the light pollution ______? —Yes, people will take action. A. reduce B. be reduced C. reduced D. reducing 大题三：句型转换（主动语态改为一般将来时被动语态） 1.People will clean the polluted river next year.（改为被动） The polluted river ________ ________ next year. 2.Workers will collect all plastic bottles.（被动） All plastic bottles ________ ________. 3.They won’t throw waste into the lake.（被动否定句） Waste ________ ________ into the lake. 4.We will plant more trees to protect the environment.（一般疑问句被动） _ _______ more trees ________ to protect the environment? 5.People will separate rubbish in the neighbourhood.（被动） Rubbish ________ ________ in the neighbourhood. 6.The government will make new rules against pollution.（被动） New rules ________ ________ against pollution. 7.Will they deal with harmful waste properly?（被动问句） ________ harmful waste ________ with properly? 8.Shops will provide more paper bags for customers.（被动） More paper bags ________ ________ for customers in shops. 9.People won’t reuse these old cans any more.（被动） These old cans ________ ________ any more. 10.They will solve the water pollution problem soon.（被动） The water pollution problem ________ ________ soon. 大题四：汉译英 1.这条被污染的河流明年将会被清理。 ___________________________________________________________ 2.所有塑料瓶将会被回收利用。 ___________________________________________________________ 3.垃圾稍后将会被分类。 ___________________________________________________________ 4.更多树木将会被种植来减少空气污染。 ___________________________________________________________ 5.有害废弃物将会被妥善处理。 ___________________________________________________________ 6.新的法规将会被制定来对抗污染。 ___________________________________________________________ 7.污水在排入河流前将会被净化。 ___________________________________________________________ 8.更多环保布袋将会提供给市民。 ___________________________________________________________ 9.噪音问题将会在近期得到解决。 ___________________________________________________________ 10.废旧电池将会被收纳在专用盒子里。 ___________________________________________________________ Keys 一、动词填空 1.will be cleaned 2.will be collected 3.won’t be put 4.Will; be built 5.will be separated 6.will be reduced 7.will be dealt with 8.Will; be stopped 9.will be provided 10.will be moved 11.won’t be covered 12.will be planted 13.Will; be solved 14.will be kept 15.won’t be made 16.will be made 17.will be improved 18.Will; be reused 19.will be locked 20.will be talked about 二、单项选择 1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.B 三、句型转换 1.will be cleaned 2.will be collected 3.won’t be thrown 4.Will; be planted 5.will be separated 6.will be made 7.Will; be dealt with 8.will be provided 9.won’t be reused 10.will be solved 四、汉译英参考范文 1.The polluted river will be cleaned next year. 2.All plastic bottles will be recycled. 3.Rubbish will be separated later. 4.More trees will be planted to reduce air pollution. 5.Harmful waste will be dealt with properly. 6.New rules will be made to fight against pollution. 7.The dirty water will be treated before it runs into the river. 8.More environmentally friendly cloth bags will be provided for citizens. 9.The noise problem will be solved in the near future. 10.Used batteries will be kept in special boxes. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $