第15讲完形填空过渡-导学案-2026-2027学年初高中英语衔接复习专项

初升高英语暑假衔接学习手册 Day 15 · 第 15 讲 完形填空过渡：从10空到15空的语篇思维 项目 内容 版本 答案解析版 建议用时 30-40 分钟 学习程式 情境观察 → 规律发现 → 知识梳理 → 分层练习 → 语篇应用 → 学习打卡 使用建议 先核对情节链，再逐题订正。每道错题至少记录“上下文证据+错因”；不能只抄四个选项的中文意思。 一、情境导入答案与解析 【答案】1. B 【解析】 【导语】本题通过新生迷路和同学主动引路的微型情境，说明完形填空需要选择最符合人物需求与动作结果的词。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意为“一个学生注意到我担心的表情，并把我领到实验室”。A followed意为“跟随”，动作方向相反；B guided意为“引导、带领”，符合迷路后被带到目的地；C invited意为“邀请”；D carried意为“搬、背”，均不符合语境。 故选B。 六、即时练习答案与解析 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 【解析】 【导语】本部分由因果、转折、目的、语义搭配和人物态度五类微型情境组成，训练学生在单句与相邻句中寻找决定答案的证据。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。practised for a week与so构成因果，充分练习使Mia在展示前更自信。A confident“自信的”符合；B curious“好奇的”、C patient“耐心的”、D silent“沉默的”都不能表示练习带来的准备状态。 故选A。 【2题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。前句说箱子很重，后句说两名学生仍不停地一起搬，前后为转折。B However“然而”正确；A Instead表示替代，C Otherwise表示“否则”，D Similarly表示相似，逻辑均不符。 故选B。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。Ben记录任务的目的是不遗漏截止日期，miss a deadline是固定搭配。B refuse“拒绝”、C change“改变”、D reach“到达”均不能与deadline构成此处所需意义。 故选A。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。教师不直接给答案，而用另一个问题引导学生接近答案，guide sb. towards...搭配自然。A force表示强迫，C follow表示跟随，D carry表示搬运，均不符合教师提问的作用。 故选B。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。后文 older students录音并帮助Nora发现问题，说明他们没有因第一次表现不佳而评判她。C judging“评判”符合Instead of的对比；A praising“表扬”、B leaving“离开”、D choosing“选择”不能与后续帮助形成准确对比。 故选C。 七、语篇应用一答案与解析 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者从害怕公开讲话，到主动接受主持任务，在同伴帮助下删减内容、反复练习，最终完成分享会并继续参加班级活动，认识到勇气并非没有恐惧，而是在恐惧中仍选择行动。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。教师请学生主持，作者虽害怕仍举手，说明他接受了一项具有困难的challenge。B message是信息，C reward是奖励，D schedule是日程，均不能概括主持任务。 故选A。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。because I tried to include every detail说明介绍包含过多细节，因此显得too long。A formal、C quiet、D simple都不能由“每个细节”推出。 故选B。 【3题详解】 考查形容词比较级辨析。同桌建议只保留要点，结果信息更清楚，clearer符合。B stranger、C slower、D safer均不是删减信息的直接效果。 故选A。 【4题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。作者忘词时，同桌不直接给答案，而是等待他自己组织语言，patiently体现耐心。A proudly、C suddenly、D secretly都不符合帮助练习的态度。 故选B。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。作者走到台前，深呼吸并面对观众，face the audience搭配自然。B left表示离开，C followed表示跟随，D counted表示数数，均不符合主持开始前的动作。 故选A。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。前句说虽不完美但继续，Soon表示状态改善，因此开始enjoy the experience。A control、B avoid、D repeat都不能体现紧张逐渐缓解的情感上升。 故选C。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。同学的applause表达支持，support与warmest搭配并照应作者完成任务后的积极反馈。A warning、C question、D order均不能解释掌声。 故选B。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。后句解释勇气是在恐惧仍存在时行动，因此勇气不是恐惧的absence“缺失”。A cause、B result、D level均不能与后句定义构成对照。 故选C。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。Since then和two more class activities表明作者后来又主动报名发言，volunteered符合。B failed与成长线相反；C promised缺少承诺对象；D waited不能表示参加活动。 故选A。 【10题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。Each time和a little less说明随着重复参与，任务难度感下降，less difficult正确。A useful、C common、D different都不能准确表现克服恐惧的变化。 故选B。 八、语篇应用二答案与解析 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. D 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者发现祖父保存的旧相机和社区照片，由此策划新旧照片展。在邻居分享回忆、作者反复寻找拍摄角度的过程中，展览从家庭旧物整理发展为社区共同保存记忆的项目。 【11题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。相机虽旧且有划痕，祖父仍carefully拿着，表现珍惜。B nervously、C loosely、D briefly均不能体现相机承载多年记忆的态度。 故选A。 【12题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。后文桥变成道路、商店变成图书馆，说明照片中的地点已经changed。A returned、C appeared、D remained与具体变化相矛盾。 故选B。 【13题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。作者suggested办展览，祖父喜欢这一idea。B rule、C excuse、D reply都不能指代前句建议。 故选A。 【14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。祖父担心无人感兴趣，但邻居immediately began sharing stories，结果出乎作者预料，to my surprise正确。A relief偏重解除担忧，C regret和D disappointment与积极反应不符。 故选B。 【15题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。看到旧操场照片后，女子讲起过去夏夜，recalled表示回忆。A imagined指想象未必发生的事；B missed强调想念或错过；D planned表示计划，均不符合旧照片唤起真实往事。 故选C。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。邻居主动分享故事并认出亲人，这些反应使祖父相信照片有意义，convinced符合。A warned、B reminded、C taught不能准确表达消除原有怀疑。 故选D。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。任务是把同一位置的新旧照片放在一起比较，compare...with...搭配正确。A replace表示替换，C connect强调连接，D protect表示保护，均不能体现新旧对照。 故选B。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。高楼使原来的视角看不见，views were blocked符合。B decorated、C measured、D divided不能解释作者为何需要四处调整角度。 故选A。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。祖父不代替作者完成，只在作者受阻时提供suggestion，体现指导而非包办。A promise、C description、D decision均不符合offer a...的帮助内容。 故选B。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。游客既谈消失的事物，也谈社区获得了什么，gained与disappeared形成对照。B requested、C prevented、D doubted不能与community构成合理的变化结果。 故选A。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。孩子听老人讲述往事，展览由看照片变成sharing memories。A correcting、B collecting、D testing均不能概括现场跨代交流。 故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。地点会变化，但故事仍能把人联系起来，connect people符合展览促进社区交流的主题。A separate与主题相反；C direct和D recognise不能表达故事对人与人的作用。 故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。相机教祖父记录别人可能忽略的瞬间，capture moments是自然搭配。B control、C produce、D expect均不能表示摄影保存瞬间。 故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。清理任务逐渐变成社区项目，turn into是固定搭配。A broken、C fallen、D looked均不能与into构成此处意义。 故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。结尾说历史不仅在书中，有时隐藏在身边熟悉的地方，hidden符合发现日常历史的主题。B lost表示丢失，C repeated表示重复，D borrowed表示借来，均不能与in the familiar places自然衔接。 故选A。 九、语篇一生词记录参考 序号 生词或词组 词性 中文意思 原文搭配或短语 1 challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务 accept the challenge 2 key point 名词词组 要点；重点 keep only the key points 3 patiently adv. 耐心地 wait patiently 4 face the audience 动词词组 面对观众 face the audience 5 applause n. 掌声 my classmates' applause 十、语篇二生词记录参考 序号 生词或词组 词性 中文意思 原文搭配或短语 1 scratch v./n. 刮擦；划痕 heavy and scratched 2 recall v. 回忆；记起 recall the summer evenings 3 compare...with... 动词词组 把……与……比较 compare each old photograph with a new one 4 capture v. 记录；捕捉 capture moments 5 turn into 动词词组 变成 turn into a community project 初升高英语暑假衔接学习手册 · 第15讲 · 第 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 初升高英语暑假衔接学习手册 Day 15 · 第 15 讲 完形填空过渡：从10空到15空的语篇思维 项目 内容 版本 学生版 建议用时 30-40 分钟 学习程式 情境观察 → 规律发现 → 知识梳理 → 分层练习 → 语篇应用 → 学习打卡 学习目标 理解高中完形填空的语篇特点；能梳理情节与情感变化；能利用复现、逻辑、搭配和上下文辨析同词性选项；能完成10空过渡训练和15空高考式训练。 一、情境导入：四个词都正确，为什么只能选一个 On my first day, I could not find the science lab. A student noticed my worried face and ________ me there. His small act made the unfamiliar campus feel warmer. A. followed B. guided C. invited D. carried 我选择：________ 上下文证据：________________________________________ 先读故事 四个选项都是动词过去式，不能靠词性排除。根据“我找不到实验室”和“另一名学生帮助我到达那里”，需要选择表示“引路”的guided。完形填空考的是词语在具体语篇中的意义。 二、认识完形填空：从10空过渡到15空 比较角度 10空阶段 15空阶段 篇章长度 中考材料通常较短 高中材料更长，跨句线索更多 设空数量 常见10空 高考固定15空 考查重点 词义、搭配和基本逻辑 情节发展、情感变化、复现照应与近义辨析 选项特点 部分题可由单句确定 四项多为同词性，常需结合上下文 解题单位 句子和相邻句 句子—段落—全文三层核对 核心变化 题目从“这句话缺什么词”逐渐转向“故事发展到这里，什么词最符合人物行动、情绪和主题”。 三、先抓情节链：谁遇到什么事，采取什么行动 情节位置 阅读问题 常见语言信号 背景 人物、时间、地点和原有状态 new school; first meeting 触发事件 问题、意外、任务或愿望 was asked to speak 行动 人物如何应对 practised; asked for help 结果 行动带来的变化 finished the talk 感悟 人物学到了什么 courage grows through action 做题前先用一句中文概括：谁________，遇到________，通过________，最后________。 四、再追情感线：情绪词必须符合变化方向 人物情绪通常随情节变化。先圈出but、however、finally、to my surprise等转折或结果信号，再判断情绪是上升还是下降。 Before the talk, Leo's hands were cold and he avoided looking at the audience. After hearing his classmates clap, he smiled and volunteered to speak again next time. 情绪变化：________ → ________ 证据1：________________ 证据2：________________ 五、四类高频线索：答案可能藏在空格之外 线索 判断方法 例子 复现照应 原词、同义词、上下义词再次出现 help—support; flowers—plants 逻辑关系 因果、转折、并列、递进 because; but; therefore; also 固定搭配 动词与名词、介词的自然组合 make a decision; focus on 生活常识 必须与文本证据共同使用 迷路后询问方向 六、即时练习：从单句到微型情节 A. 根据上下文选择最佳选项，并在题后写出线索类型。 1. Mia had practised for a week, so she felt ________ before the presentation. A. confident B. curious C. patient D. silent 线索类型：________________ 2. The box was heavy. ________, the two students carried it together without stopping. A. Instead B. However C. Otherwise D. Similarly 线索类型：________________ 3. Ben wrote every task in his notebook so that he would not ________ an important deadline. A. miss B. refuse C. change D. reach 线索类型：________________ 4. The teacher did not give the answer. She asked another question to ________ us towards it. A. force B. guide C. follow D. carry 线索类型：________________ B. 阅读微型情节，在不看选项前先预测空格意义，再选择答案。 Nora wanted to join the school radio team, but she spoke too quickly during the first practice. Instead of ________ her, the older students recorded her voice and helped her notice the problem. After several tries, her speech became clear and natural. 预测：空格需要表示________________的动词。 A. praising B. leaving C. judging D. choosing 七、语篇应用一：第一次主持班级分享会（10空过渡训练） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When our teacher asked for a student to host the class sharing session, the room became quiet. I had always been afraid of speaking in public, but I slowly raised my hand. The teacher smiled and said she was glad I had accepted the 1.________. That afternoon, I wrote an introduction. At first, it sounded too 2.________ because I tried to include every detail. My deskmate suggested keeping only the key points. Her advice made the message much 3.________. We then practised together. Whenever I forgot a line, she waited 4.________ instead of giving me the answer. This forced me to find my own words. On Friday, my heart beat fast as I walked to the front. I took a slow breath and 5.________ the audience. The first sentence was not perfect, but I continued. Soon I began to 6.________ the experience. When the final speaker finished, I thanked everyone and closed the session. My classmates' applause was the warmest 7.________ I could have received. The experience did not remove all my fear. It taught me that courage is not the 8.________ of fear. It is choosing to act while fear is still there. Since then, I have 9.________ to speak in two more class activities. Each time, the task feels a little less 10.________. 1. A. challenge B. message C. reward D. schedule 2. A. formal B. long C. quiet D. simple 3. A. clearer B. stranger C. slower D. safer 4. A. proudly B. patiently C. suddenly D. secretly 5. A. faced B. left C. followed D. counted 6. A. control B. avoid C. enjoy D. repeat 7. A. warning B. support C. question D. order 8. A. cause B. result C. absence D. level 9. A. volunteered B. failed C. promised D. waited 10. A. useful B. difficult C. common D. different 八、语篇应用二：旧相机里的社区记忆（15空高考式训练） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 While helping my grandfather clean a cupboard, I found an old camera in a cloth bag. It was heavy and scratched, but he held it 11.________. He explained that he had used it to photograph our neighbourhood for nearly thirty years. Most of the places in the pictures had 12.________. A small bridge had become a wide road, and the corner shop was now a library. I suggested showing the photographs at our community centre. Grandfather liked the 13.________, but worried that no one would be interested in ordinary streets. I asked several neighbours to look at the pictures. To my 14.________, they immediately began sharing stories. One woman pointed to a playground and 15.________ the summer evenings when families gathered there. A shop owner recognised his father standing outside the old store. Their reactions 16.________ Grandfather that the photographs mattered. We decided to create an exhibition called "Our Changing Street". My job was to 17.________ each old photograph with a new one taken from the same position. This was harder than expected because some views were 18.________ by taller buildings. I walked around with the camera, compared angles and tried again. Grandfather never took over. He simply offered a 19.________ when I was stuck. On opening day, visitors moved slowly from picture to picture. They did not just notice what had disappeared; they also talked about what the community had 20.________. Children listened as older people described outdoor films and street games. Soon the exhibition became less about photographs and more about 21.________ memories. Near the end of the day, Grandfather stood before a pair of pictures showing the bridge and the road. "A place changes," he said, "but its stories can still 22.________ people." I finally understood why he had kept the camera for so long. It was not valuable because it was old. It was valuable because it had taught him to 23.________ moments that others might pass without noticing. The exhibition remained open for another month. More neighbours brought photographs, and we added their stories to the wall. What began as a cleaning task had 24.________ into a community project. The old camera now sits on my desk, reminding me that history is not only found in books. Sometimes it is 25.________ in the familiar places around us. 11. A. carefully B. nervously C. loosely D. briefly 12. A. returned B. changed C. appeared D. remained 13. A. idea B. rule C. excuse D. reply 14. A. relief B. surprise C. regret D. disappointment 15. A. imagined B. missed C. recalled D. planned 16. A. warned B. reminded C. taught D. convinced 17. A. replace B. compare C. connect D. protect 18. A. blocked B. decorated C. measured D. divided 19. A. promise B. suggestion C. description D. decision 20. A. gained B. requested C. prevented D. doubted 21. A. correcting B. collecting C. sharing D. testing 22. A. separate B. connect C. direct D. recognise 23. A. capture B. control C. produce D. expect 24. A. broken B. turned C. fallen D. looked 25. A. hidden B. lost C. repeated D. borrowed 九、语篇一生词记录表 从语篇一选择至少5个值得积累的生词或词组。结合原句填写词性、中文意思和原文搭配。 序号 生词或词组 词性 中文意思 原文搭配或短语 1 ________________ ________ ____________ ____________________ 2 ________________ ________ ____________ ____________________ 3 ________________ ________ ____________ ____________________ 4 ________________ ________ ____________ ____________________ 5 ________________ ________ ____________ ____________________ 6 ________________ ________ ____________ ____________________ 十、语篇二生词记录表 从语篇二选择至少5个生词或词组。优先记录可以再次使用的搭配，不必抄写已经熟练掌握的单词。两表合计至少10个。 序号 生词或词组 词性 中文意思 原文搭配或短语 1 ________________ ________ ____________ ____________________ 2 ________________ ________ ____________ ____________________ 3 ________________ ________ ____________ ____________________ 4 ________________ ________ ____________ ____________________ 5 ________________ ________ ____________ ____________________ 6 ________________ ________ ____________ ____________________ 十一、学习打卡 我能概括情节链：□ □ □ □ □ 我能追踪情感线：□ □ □ □ □ 我能识别复现与逻辑：□ □ □ □ □ 今日错题数：________ 初升高英语暑假衔接学习手册 · 第15讲 · 第 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $