2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册语法讲解及分层练习—方位介词 & There be 句型

**基本信息** 以表格梳理+分层训练构建方位介词与There be句型系统训练，通过易混词辨析与句型规则提炼，培养语言应用与逻辑思维能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识梳理|16个介词+4类句型规则|介词易混点对比（如over/above垂直差异）、There be就近原则及时态变化公式|从介词基本用法到句型结构，形成"概念-规则-辨析"递进链条| |基础巩固|3类19题|单项选择聚焦介词搭配，语法填空强化时态应用，完成句子训练情境表达|覆盖基础考点，实现知识向简单应用转化| |能力提升|4类综合题|语法选择融合上下文语境，语法填空考查词形变化，阅读与任务型阅读实现知识综合迁移|从单一知识点到语篇层面，提升语言综合运用与思维品质|

2026-2027学年七年级上册语法讲解及分层练习—方位介词 & There be 句型 知识梳理 一、方位介词 介词 含义与用法 示例 at 在小地方、具体点 at home, at the bus stop in 在大地方；在……内部 in Beijing, in the box on 在……表面之上（接触） on the wall, on the floor over 在……正上方（不接触）；超过 a bridge over the river, over 10 years old under 在……正下方（不接触）；低于 a cat under the chair, under 18 above 在……上方（非垂直）；高于 above your head, above zero below 在……下方（非垂直）；低于 below the knee, below zero in front of 在……（外部）前面 in front of the building in the front of 在……（内部）前面 in the front of the classroom behind 在……后面 behind the door between…and 在两者（人或物）之间 between the desk and the wall among 在三者或以上的中间 among the students next to / beside 在……旁边 next to the window across from 在……对面 across from the bank on the left / right 在左 / 右边 on the right of the library in / on / to + 方位词 表示地理位置关系 in the east of, to the north of, on the west of 辨析： - over / above：over 强调“正上方”；above 只表示“高于”，不一定垂直。 - under / below：under 强调“正下方”；below 只表示“低于”，不一定垂直。 - in front of / in the front of：前者在物体外部的前面，后者在物体内部的前面。 二、There be 句型 1. 概念：表示“某地存在某物 / 某人”，强调客观存在，而非“拥有”。 2. 基本结构 • 肯定式： • There is + 可数名词单数 / 不可数名词 + 地点. • There are + 名词复数 + 地点. • 否定式： • There isn't + 可数名词单数 / 不可数名词 + 地点. • There aren't + 名词复数 + 地点. • 一般疑问句： • Is there + 可数名词单数 / 不可数名词 + 地点? • Are there + 名词复数 + 地点? 3. 就近原则（常考！） 当 There be 后接并列主语时，be 动词的形式由最靠近它的名词决定。 • There is a book and two pens on the desk. • There are two pens and a book on the desk. 4. 时态变化 • 过去时：There was / were… • 将来时：There is / are going to be… 或 There will be… 基础巩固练习 一、单项选择 1．Suzhou, ________ beautiful city ________ the east of China, is famous for its gardens. A．the; in  B．a; in  C．the; to  D．a; to 2．My bedroom is ________ the second floor, and I often read books ________ the desk by the window. A．on; at  B．in; on  C．on; on  D．in; in 3．Look at the bird! It is flying ________ the lake and singing happily. A．over  B．under  C．below  D．behind 4．—Where should I put my hands in this dance? —You need to lift them ________ your head. A．across  B．under  C．between  D．above 5．—I live on the tenth floor. Which floor do you live on? —I live three floors ________ you, on the seventh floor. A．above  B．over  C．below  D．under 6．Five years ago, there ________ a small river behind my house. A．have  B．had  C．were  D．was 7．There ________ a woman outside. She is holding ________ umbrella in her hand. A．is; the  B．are; an  C．is; an  D．are; the 8．—Are you busy? I'd like you to go shopping with me. —Sorry, there ________ an important test this coming Friday. A．is going to have  B．will have  C．are going to have  D．is going to be 9．There ________ some school activities this coming month. A．are going to have  B．will have  C．will be  D．is going to be 10．There ________ a very interesting science show at three this afternoon. A．is going to be  B．will have  C．will  D．is going to 二、单句语法填空 1．There ________ (be) a class meeting this Friday afternoon. 2．It's reported that in the north there ________ (be) a few snowy days next week. 3．The story is short. There ________ (be) no difficult words in it. 4．There ________ (be) a school trip last month. I joined it with my classmates. 5．There ________ (be) a number of visitors in the museum yesterday. 三、完成句子 1．邮局在超市对面。 The post office is ________________ the supermarket. 2．你能看见河上的那座桥吗？ Can you see the bridge ________________? 3．我住在离火车站两公里远的小镇上。 I live in a town ________________ the train station. 4．钥匙在门后的桌子上。 The keys are ________________. 5．房子前面有一辆红色的汽车。 There is a red car ________________. 6．树下有一些男孩在踢足球。 There ________________ under the tree. 7．以前这里有一家旧书店，但现在它变成了一家咖啡馆。 There ________ an old bookshop here before, but now it has ________ a café. 8．科学家们认为将会有更多的清洁能源来保护地球。 Some scientists believe ________________ to protect the earth. 9．我的手机出故障了，我要找人修一下。 There is ________________ my phone and I want to ask ________________. 能力提升练习 一、语法选择 A 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Do you know the lovely animal — penguins (企鹅)? They are birds, but they can't fly. __1__ they live in the cold South Pole, they are very happy. They have thick feathers to keep warm. Penguins like to stand __2__ the ice and rock. When they swim, they often jump __3__ the water to breathe. There __4__ many kinds of penguins in the world. The emperor penguin is the largest one. __5__ bodies are fat and they can live in very cold places. They are __6__ more and more popular now. Why? Because they are like little gentlemen. They walk __7__ on the ice. When they get together, they spend time __8__ and playing. Many people around __9__ world love penguins. They think these cute animals __10__ bring them lots of joy. 1．A．If  B．Although  C．But  D．Because 2．A．on  B．in  C．at  D．under 3．A．above  B．over  C．under  D．below 4．A．is  B．are  C．am  D．be 5．A．They  B．Their  C．Them  D．Theirs 6．A．get  B．gets  C．getting  D．got 7．A．slow  B．slowly  C．quick  D．quickly 8．A．rest  B．rests  C．resting  D．to rest 9．A．a  B．an  C．the  D．/ 10．A．can  B．must  C．should  D．need B 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A little rabbit wanted to find a new home. One day, she saw __1__ old tree hole. She went __2__ it and found it was empty. "This is nice," she thought. But __3__ the tree, there was a big dog sleeping. The rabbit was afraid. She ran __4__ the dog and found a small cave (洞穴). There __5__ some dry leaves inside. She made a soft bed. __6__ the cave, she could see the stars. Every evening, she sat __7__ the cave door and looked at the sky. One day, a fox came __8__ the cave. The rabbit hid __9__ a big stone. Luckily, the fox didn't see her and left. The rabbit was safe __10__ last. 1．A．a  B．an  C．the  D．/ 2．A．into  B．in  C．on  D．at 3．A．in the front of  B．in front of  C．behind  D．under 4．A．across  B．above  C．below  D．past 5．A．was  B．is  C．were  D．are 6．A．On  B．In  C．At  D．From 7．A．at  B．in  C．on  D．under 8．A．to  B．into  C．at  D．on 9．A．behind  B．in front of  C．above  D．under 10．A．in  B．at  C．on  D．for 二、语法填空 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。 There is a big library in our school. It is __1__ the second floor of the teaching building. Many students like to read books __2__ (quiet) there. The books are __3__ (put) on the shelves neatly. There __4__ (be) different kinds of books, such as storybooks, science books and dictionaries. We can also see some plants __5__ the windows. They make the library beautiful. Our librarian is very kind. She always helps us __6__ (find) the books we need. There is a reading corner __7__ the right of the library. Students often sit __8__ (comfortable) there. We should keep the library clean and tidy. Don't eat __9__ drink inside. If you love reading, you __10__ (have) a lot of fun here. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Long ago, there was __1__ old farmer named Old Wang. He had a small farm __2__ the foot of a hill. Every morning, he walked __3__ the hill to check his fruit trees. One year, there was a big drought (干旱). There __4__ (be) no rain for months. The plants were dying. Old Wang was worried. He decided __5__ (dig) a well (井) near his house. He dug day after day. His neighbor said, "You are too old! You can __6__ (never) finish it." But Old Wang didn't give up. He kept __7__ (work). Finally, after a month, there __8__ (be) water in the well! His family and neighbors were all __9__ (surprise). From then on, they had enough water. Old Wang showed us that hard work __10__ (bring) good results. 三、阅读理解 阅读下面短文，根据内容选择最佳答案。 Where does the rain come from? How is rain formed? And why do we have rain at different times? Scientists tell us that the sun and the ocean are the main reasons. When the sun shines on the ocean, the water becomes warm. Then the warm water turns into vapor (水蒸气) and goes up into the sky. The vapor meets the cool air high above and becomes small drops (水滴). These drops get together and form clouds. When the clouds become heavy, the drops fall down as rain. In a word, the cycle (循环) of water makes rain. When the rain changes in amount (量), it often brings different weather. When the rain is light, it is drizzle (毛毛雨). But when the rain is very heavy, it may cause floods (洪水). Rain from the sea or the land brings different kinds of weather. Some rains bring cool weather and others bring storms. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By listing numbers.  B．By telling a story.  C．By asking questions. 2．According to Paragraph 2, which is the right order of rain forming? A．sun → water → vapor → clouds → rain B．water → vapor → drops → clouds → rain C．vapor → drops → clouds → rain → water 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．The rain can change the weather. B．The rain only falls in summer. C．The vapor is heavy and goes down. 4．In which part of a newspaper can we read the passage? A．Science.  B．Life.  C．Weather report. 四、任务型阅读 A 阅读短文，根据要求填空或作答。 The panda is my favourite animal. I love pandas because they are cute and peaceful. They are also a symbol of friendship in China. The panda is our national treasure (国宝). On September 22, we celebrate Panda Day. Pandas look very different from other animals. They are white and black. They have round faces and big dark circles around their eyes. They can climb trees and roll on the grass with their fat bodies. Pandas are like us in some ways. They are clever. For example, they can remember the best bamboo places after many years. Pandas are very gentle too. They never hurt other animals. The mother pandas also take good care of their babies. Pandas are an important part of Chinese culture. However, they were in danger. Because people cut down their bamboo forests and they lost homes. Humans and animals are friends. To save pandas, we can plant more bamboo and protect their homes. 1．When do Chinese people celebrate Panda Day? 2．What color are pandas? 3．Do pandas hurt other animals? 4．Why were pandas in danger? 5．How can we save pandas? B 根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息，每空不超过 3 个词。 Do you know where different plants live in China? Can you tell us what kinds of plants there are in your city? If no, you need the book called "Nature of China". Many books show history and stories. Different from them, the book "Nature of China" shows different plants and animals. Writer Li Hua made this book. Li Hua is from Yunnan. It is a province with lots of wild plants. "When I was a little child, I wished to make a book like this," Li Hua said. "I liked nature and plants." Li Hua started to write the book in 2021. "I didn't have a plan. I just wanted a book with some plants," Li Hua said. "But I found it was really difficult." To make the right book, he spent a lot of time studying botany (植物学) and geography. He finally finished it in 2024. From the peony (牡丹) of Henan to the cactus (仙人掌) of Xinjiang, you can find 1,200 kinds of plants in the book. Some of them live in water and the others live on land. "Plants live in this world with us," Li Hua said. "I hope that the book can help people learn more about plants and nature. And I hope it can inspire people's love for nature. Then they can protect plants and nature." Wild Nature Book by Li Hua What is special about the book? · It helps people know plants' 1​ ____________. · It shows different plants 2​ ____________ history and stories. · It has 1,200 kinds of plants in water or on land. What do we know about the writer? · He is from Yunnan. · He loved nature and plants from an early 3​ ____________. · He hopes people will learn about plants and love nature. What is the 4​ ____________ of making the book? · He started to write it in 2021 without a clear plan. · He learned botany and geography. · It took him 5​ ____________ to finish the book. 参考答案 基础巩固练习 一、单项选择 1．B（a beautiful city 泛指一座美丽城市；in the east of 在中国内部东部） 2．C（on the floor 在楼层上；on the desk 在桌面） 3．A（over the lake 在湖正上方飞过） 4．D（above your head 在头上方） 5．C（below 在下方，楼层之间用 above / below） 6．D（there was，a small river 单数过去时） 7．C（就近原则 a woman 用 is；umbrella 元音音素开头用 an） 8．D（there is going to be 将来时） 9．C（some activities 复数，will be / are going to be，选项选 C） 10．A（a science show 单数，there is going to be） 二、单句语法填空 1．is going to be 2．will be / are going to be 3．are 4．was 5．were 三、完成句子 1．across from 2．over the river 3．two kilometers from 4．on the table behind the door 5．in front of the house 6．are some boys playing 7．was; become 8．there will be more clean energy 9．something wrong with; someone to fix it 能力提升练习 一、语法选择 A：1．B（Although 让步） 2．A（on the ice） 3．A（above the water 跃出水面） 4．B（There are） 5．B（Their） 6．C（are getting） 7．B（walk slowly） 8．C（spend time doing） 9．C（around the world） 10．A（can） B：1．B（an old tree hole） 2．A（went into） 3．B（in front of the tree） 4．D（ran past） 5．C（were leaves） 6．D（From the cave） 7．A（sat at the door） 8．B（came into） 9．A（hid behind） 10．B（at last） 二、语法填空 A：1．on 2．quietly 3．put（被动） 4．are 5．by / near 6．(to) find 7．on 8．comfortably 9．or 10．will have B：1．an 2．at（at the foot of） 3．up（walk up） 4．was 5．to dig 6．never 7．working 8．was 9．surprised 10．brings 三、阅读理解 1．C（连续三个问句开头） 2．B（水→蒸汽→水滴→云→雨） 3．A（雨量变化带来不同天气） 4．A（科普类，属 Science） 四、任务型阅读 A： 1．On September 22. 2．White and black. / They are white and black. 3．No, they don't. 4．Because people cut down bamboo forests and they lost homes. 5．Plant more bamboo and protect their homes. B： 1．homes / places 2．instead of / not 3．age 4．process / way 5．three years / from 2021 to 2024 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $