Unit 6 Earth first-2026-2027学年高中英语词汇精讲精练必修第二册（外研版）

Unit 6 Earth first 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： shark,scare;due to;fin;dive;target;fortunately,extinction;attitude;devote; ocean;highlight;cruelty,hunting,presentation;reserve;staff,establish;damage; drought,f1ood等 词汇精讲 序号 单词/短语 词汇讲解 due to 释义：prep.由于，因为 /dju:tu:/ 搭配：后接名词/名词短语，不可接从句；due to the fact that..(后 接从句) 辨析：deto多用于表语（后常接名词）；owing to更正式； because of最通用，可用于句首 易错：due to不可与because of随意互换，部分语法书认为due to 只能表原因且作表语，但现代用法己放宽。 extinction 释义：n.灭绝，绝种 /k'stmkfn/ 词汇变形：extinct(adj,)灭绝的；extinctly(adv.) 搭配：be in danger ofextinction濒临灭绝；face extinction面临灭 绝；the extinction of species物种灭绝 辨析：extinction强调物种整体消失；disappearance可指任何事物消 失。 3 attitude 释义：n.(尤指通过行为表现出的)看法，态度 /'aetrtju:d/ 词汇变形：attitudinal(adj)态度的（较少用） 搭配：attitude to/towards sb./sth.对…的态度；havea positive/negative attitude持积极/消极态度；change one's attitude改 变态度 辨析：attitude侧重主观倾向：opinion强调观点；view偏重看法。 devote 释义：v.致力，献身，倾注 /dr'vaut/ 词汇变形：devotion(n.)奉献，热爱；devoted(adj.)忠诚的，专心 的：devotedly(adv.) 核心搭配：devote oneself to(doing)sth.致力于；be devoted to (doing)sth.全身心投入 辨析：devote强调专注与奉献：dedicate更庄重，常指献身于崇高事 业 例句：She devotes all her energy to protecting endangered animals, 她把所有精力都投入到保护濒危动物上。 highlight 释义：v.使突出，使注意力集中于n.最精彩的部分 /'hallart/ 词汇变形：highlighter (n.)荧光笔；highlighted(adj)突出的 搭配：highlight the importance/significance of强调…的重要性； highlight a problem突显问题 辨析：highlight强调“聚焦、凸显”；emphasize侧重“强调”语 气；$tess指“着重指出”。 6 cruelty 释义：n.残忍，残酷 /'krualti/ 词汇变形：cruel(adj)残忍的：cruelly(adv)残忍地 搭配：cruelty to animals虐待动物；mental cruelty精神虐待；an act of cruelty残忍行为 辨析：cruelty指行为或性质；brutality更强调野蛮暴力。 hunting 释义：n.打猎，狩猎 /'hnt四/ 词汇变形：hunt(v)打猎，搜寻：hunter(n)猎人；hunted(adj.)被 追捕的 搭配：go hunting去打猎；hunting season狩猎季节；shark hunting 猎鲨；job hunting求职 辨析：hunting指娱乐性打猎：poaching指偷猎（非法）。 presentation 释义：n.报告，（观点的)陈述，说明 /prezn'teifn/ 词汇变形：present((v)呈现，颁发；presenter(n.)主持人，陈述人 搭配：make/give a presentation做报告；oral presentation口头陈 述；in a presentation在报告中 辨析：presentation侧重正式展示：lecture侧重学术演讲：speech泛 指演说。 9 reserve 释义：n.(野生生物)保护区；储备v.预定，保留 I'z3:v/ 词汇变形：reservation(n,)预定，保留意见；reserved(adj,)保留 的，内向的 搭配：nature reserve自然保护区；wildlife reserve野生动物保护 区；reserve sth.for sb.为某人保留；reserve a seat/ticket预定座位/ 票 辨析：reserve(m,)强调保护区域；preserve()侧重果酱或禁猎区， 但常用preserve做动词。 10 establish 释义：V.建立，设立 /I'staebli[ 词汇变形：establishment(n)建立，机构；established(adj)已建立 的，公认的 搭配：establish a company/.organization建立公司/组织；establish a relationship建立关系；be established as被确立为 辨析：establish强调稳固建立；found侧重开创；set up较口语化。 11 damage 释义：v.损害，损伤n.损害，损失 /'daemid3/ 词汇变形：damaging(adj,)有破坏性的；damaged(adj)受损的 搭配：do damage to.对…造成损害；cause damage造成损害； damage one's reputation损害某人名誉 辨析：damage可修复；destroy彻底摧毁；nuin强调破坏后无法正常 使用。 12 drought 释义：n.旱灾，千旱 /dravt/ 词汇变形：droughty(ad)干旱的（较少用) 搭配：suffer from drought遭受千旱；drought-resistant抗旱的：a severe drought严重千旱 辨析：drought指长期无雨；dry spell指短期干燥期。 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空（每空一词，共12题） 1.The project failed (due)to lack of funding and poor planning. 2.Many species are now in danger of (extinct)because ofhuman activities. 3.We should have a positive attitude the challenges in life 4.The scientist has devoted himself (protect)the endangered animals. 5.The report (highlight)the serious impact of climate change on agriculture 6.It is a sign of (cruel)to abandon pets on the street. 7 (hunt)for fun is now banned in many countries to protect wildlife 8.Each student will give a five-minute (present)on environmental protection. 9.The local government decided to (establish)a new nature reserve in the forest 10.The storm caused serious (damage)to the crops in the area. 11.The prolonged (drought)has turned the farmland into a desert. 12.He made a (reserve)for two tickets at the theater. (二)单句表达（根据汉语提示完成句子，每空词数不限，共8题） 1.由于全球变暖，许多极地动物面临灭绝的危险。 global warming,many polar animals are 2这位教授对科学研究持非常严谨的态度。 2.This professor a very serious scientific research. 3.她全身心投入到保护海洋生态系统的志愿工作中。 3.She volunteer work to protect the ocean ecosystem. 4这篇演讲突显了教育对社会发展的重要性。 4.The speech the of education social development. 5.虐待动物是一种残忍的行为，应当受到法律的惩罚。 5. animals is an act of and should be punished by law. 6猎人非法猎杀鲨鱼，导致鲨鱼数量锐减。 6.The hunters illegally sharks. to a sharp in the shark population. 7.政府计划建立更多的野生动物保护区来保护濒危物种。 7.The government plans to more wildlife to protect species. 8持续的干旱对当地农业造成了巨大损害。 8.The continuous has great to local agriculture. (三)短文填空 In recent years,the topic of animal protection has become a major global concern.Many species are facing the threat of 1 (extinct)2. to human activities such as deforestation,pollution,and illegal hunting.For example,sharks are often hunted for their fins,which is an act of 3. (cruel)that leads 4. a sharp decrease in their population.Fortunately,many people have changed their 5. (attitude)towards animals.Some scientists 6. (devote)themselves to studying endangered species and raising public awareness.They often make 7. (present)in schools and communities to 8. (highlight)the importance of protecting biodiversity.To solve this problem,many countries have 9. (establish)nature 10. (reserve) where animals can live safely.However,natural disasters like 11. (drought)and floods can still cause serious 12. (damage)to these reserves.Therefore, international cooperation is necessary to ensure a better future for all living creatures 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.due;2.extinction;3.towards/to;4.to protecting;5.highlights/highlighted;6.cruelty; 7.Hunting;8.presentation;9.establish;10.damage;11.drought;12reservation (二)单句表达 1.Due to in danger of extinction;2.has attitude towards/to;3.devotes herself to; 4.highlights importance to;5.Cruelty to cruelty;6.hunting leading decline; 7.establish reserves endangered;8.drought caused damage (三)短文填空 1.extinction;2.due;3.cruelty;4.to;5.attitude/attitudes;6.devote;7.presentations; 8.highlight;9.established;10.reserves;11.drought;12.damage