Unit 4 Culture and Cultural Diversity-2026-2027学年高中英语词汇精讲精练必修第一册（冀教版）

Unit 4 Culture and Cultural Diversity 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： organization opinion unique nationality tradition balance conference wedding bride bridegroom custom campus assume relief merry nation minority ethnic pork favour sour flavour rectangular living occr等 词汇精讲 序号 单词/短语 词汇讲解 unique 释义：adj.独特的：特有的 ju'nik/ 词汇变形：uniqueness(n)独特性 搭配：be unique to.是…特有的；a unique opportunity独特的机 会 辨析：nique强调“独一无二”，没有比较级：special强调“特别 的”，可有比较级 例句：Each person's fingerprint is unique. 每个人的指纹都是独一无二的。 This custom is unique to the minority group. 这种习俗是这个少数民族特有的。 balance 释义：n.平衡；均衡v.使平衡：权衡 /'baelans/ 词汇变形：balanced(adj,)平衡的：imbalance(n.)不平衡 搭配：keep/lose one's balance保持/失去平衡；balance Aagainst B 权衡A与B;a balanced diet均衡饮食 辨析：balance侧重“平衡状态”；harmony侧重“和谐、协调” 例句：It's hard to balance work and family. 很难平衡工作和家庭。 You need to keep a balance between study and rest. 你需要在学习和休息之间保持平衡。 assume 释义：V.假定；假设；承担（责任） /a'sju:m/ 词汇变形：assumption(n)假定；假设；assuming(conj)假设… 为真 搭配：assume that..假设…；assume responsibility承担责任； assume an air of..摆出…的样子 辨析：assume强调“未经证实的主观推测”；presume强调“基于 合理推测的假定” 例句：I assume that you are familiar with this rule. 我假设你熟悉这条规则。 He will assume the position ofteam leader. 他将担任团队领导一职。 relief 释义：n.宽慰：轻松；救济 rr'lif/ 词汇变形：relieve(v)减轻；缓解；relieved(adj)感到宽慰的； relieving(adj)令人宽慰的 搭配：to one's relief令某人宽慰的是；in relief如释重负；relief fnd救济基金 例句：To my relief,the exam was not as hard as I thought. 令我宽慰的是，考试没有我想象的那么难。 The medicine can relieve the pain 这种药可以缓解疼痛。 occur 释义：V.发生：出现；存在于 a'k3:)/ 词汇变形：occurrence(n.)发生的事情：事件；occurring(现在分词) 搭配：occur to sb.某人想起；it occurs to sb.that.某人突然想 到…；occur in/on.发生在… 辨析：happen泛指“发生”，较常用；occur较正式，常指“突然 发生”；takeplace常指“按计划发生” 例句：It didn't occur to me that you were ill. 我没有想到你生病了。 Accidents often occur on rainy days. 事故经常发生在雨天。 minority 释义：n.少数民族；少数 /maI'nprati/ 词汇变形：minor(adj.)较小的；次要的；inimize(v.)最小化 搭配：a minority of..少部分：ethnic minority少数民族；bein the minority占少数 辨析：minority强调“数量上的少数”；pat泛指“部分” 例句：Only a minority of students support the plan. 只有少数学生支持这个计划。 China has 56 ethnic groups,including many minorities 中国有56个民族，包括许多少数民族。 ethnic 释义：adj.民族的：种族的 /'eOnik/ 词汇变形：ethnicity (n.)种族特征；种族划分：ethnically(adv.)种族 上 搭配：ethnic group族群；ethnic culture民族文化；ethnic minority 少数民族 辨析：ethnic侧重“文化、语言、习俗的族裔特征”；racial侧重 “生物学上的种族特征” 例句：The festival shows the rich ethnic culture of the area. 这个节日展示了该地区丰富的民族文化。 They are an ethnic minority in this country. 他们是这个国家的少数民族。 fayour 释义：v.较喜欢：选择n.帮助；赞同 /'ferva(r)/ 词汇变形：favourite(adj.m)最喜欢的（人或物）；favourable(adj) 有利的；赞同的；in favour of支持；赞成 搭配：dosb.a favour帮某人一个忙；in favour of支持；赞成； favour doing sth.喜欢做某事 例句：I favour the former opinion. 我赞成前一种观点。 Could you do me a favour? 你能帮我一个忙吗？ flavour 释义：n.味道；风味：特点 /'flerva(r)/ 词汇变形：flavourful(adj)美味的；充满风味的：flavouring(n)调 味料 搭配：a flavour of..…的味道/风格；add flavour to.给…增添 风味 辨析：avor侧重“口味、风味”；taste泛指“味道”，范围更广 例句：The soup has a unique flavour: 这汤有一种独特的味道。 The music adds a local flavour to the festival. 音乐给这个节日增添了地方风味。 10 tradition 释义：n.传统：传统的信仰（或风俗） /tra'dIfn/ 词汇变形：traditional(adj.)传统的：traditionally(adv.)传统上 搭配：by tradition按照传统；break with tradition打破传统： cultural tradition文化传统 辨析：tradition指“长期沿袭下来的观念、习俗”；custom侧重 “具体的社会风俗习惯” 例句：It is a tradition to eat mooncakes during Mid-Autumn Festival. 中秋节吃月饼是一种传统。 They decided to break with family tradition. 他们决定打破家庭传统。 custom 释义：n风俗：习俗：习惯 /'kAstam/ 词汇变形：customary(adj.)习惯的；惯例的；customer(n)顾客（注 意拼写区别) 搭配：local custom当地习俗；social custom社会风俗：it is the custom(for sb.)to do sth.(某人)做某事是习俗 辨析：custom多指“群体的风俗”；habit多指“个人的习惯” 例句：It is the custom to give gifts at weddings. 在婚礼上赠送礼物是一种习俗。 The custom dates back to the 18th century. 这个习俗可以追溯到18世纪。 12 organization 释义：n.组织；安排；条理 /:ganar'zeifn/ 词汇变形：organize(v)组织；organizer)组织者；organized (adj.)有条理的：井然有序的 搭配：non-profit organization非营利组织；world organization世界 组织；organizational ability组织能力 辨析：organization泛指“任何有组织的团体或机构”：institution 尤指“社会公共机构、制度” 例句：Our school has a volunteer organization 我们学校有一个志愿者组织。 He has a strong sense of organization. 他有很强的组织能力。 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空（每空一词，共10题） 1.It suddenly (occur)to me that I had left the key in the office 2.To my great (relieve),the lost dog was found safe and sound. 3.She has a (balance)diet,which is good for her health 4.The custom of giving red envelopes is (unique)to Chinese culture 5.Only a (minor)of the students chose to study abroad after graduation 6.The (tradition)wedding ceremony lasted for three days in that village 7.He (favour)staying at home rather than going out on weekends 8.The soup needs a bit more salt to add (flavour)to it. 9.The local government has set up a new (organize)to help the poor. 10.It is the (custom)for the bridegroom to pick up the bride at her home. (二)单句表达（根据汉语提示完成句子，每空词数不限，共8题） 1.令我欣慰的是，所有同学都通过了考试。 all the students passed the exam. 2那个少数民族的传统服饰非常独特。 The traditional clothing of that is very 3我们必须平衡学习与娱乐之间的关系。 We must the relationship study and entertainment 4我假设你已经知道了这个好消息。 you have already known the good news. 5她突然想到可以向他寻求帮助。 It that she could ask him for help. 6大多数老师支持这个新的教学计划。 Most teachers are the new teaching plan. 7这种水果有一种很特别的味道。 This kind of fruit has a very 8组织这个活动需要花费很多时间和精力。 this activity requires a lot of time and energy. (三)短文填空 Every country has its own unique 1. (tradition)and customs.For example,in China,it is a 2 (custom)to eat dumplings during the Spring Festival.This 3. (tradition)dish is popular among all 4. (ethnic)groups.In some 5. (minor)areas,people have special wedding 6. (custom).The bridegroom usually has to overcome many 7. (challenge)to pick up the bride.To my 8. (relieve),many young people today still value these traditions,even though modern life is fast-paced.It 9. (occur)to me that we should try to keep a 10. (balance)between preserving traditions and embracing modernity.Only in this way can our cultural heritage continue to shine 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.occurred;2.relief;3.balanced;4.unique;5.minority;6.traditional;7.favours; 8.flavour;9.organization;10.custom (二)单句表达 1.To my relief;2.ethnic minority,unique;3.balance,between;4.assume that;5.occurred to her;6.in favour of;7.special flavour;8.Organizing (三)短文填空 1.traditions;2.custom;3.traditional;4.ethnic;5.minority;6.customs;7.challenges; 8.relief;9.occurred;10.balance