Unit 3 Food-2026-2027学年高中英语词汇精讲精练必修第二册（沪外版）

Unit 3 Food 词汇精讲精练 核心词汇概览： shock culture shock host multiple variety champagne slice serving focus facility strategy phenomenon graph honeymoon phase frustrating;overwhelming encounter tend utensil appetite 词汇精讲 序号 单词/短语 词汇讲解 1 shock 释义：n.令人震惊的事：震惊；~使震惊 k 词汇变形：shocked(adj)感到震惊的；shocking(adj)令人震惊的： shockingly (adv.) 搭配：be shocked at/by.对…感到震惊；a shock to sb.对某人是 个震惊；in shock处于震惊状态：culture shock文化冲击 辨析：shock语气强于surprise,指令人震惊、难以置信的事； urprise指一般的惊讶。 例句：The news of his sudden death came as a great shock to us.. 他突然去世的消息对我们来说是一个巨大的震惊。 host 释义：n.(待客的)主人：v主办：主持 /haust/ 词汇变形：hostess(n.)女主人：hosting(n)主办 搭配：host a party/event举办聚会/活动；play host to..主办； host country主办国 辨析：host强调“招待、主办”；master强调“主宰、控制”。 例句：China hosted the2022 Winter Olympics successfully. 中国成功举办了2022年冬奥会。 multiple 释义：ad山.数量多的：多种多样的 /'mAltpl/ 词汇变形：multiply(v)繁殖；乘；multiplication (n)乘法：繁殖 搭配：multiple choice多项选择；multiple tasks多项任务：multiple times 多次 辨析：multiple强调“多个的”；several强调“几个”（数量较 少)。 例句：He has to deal with multiple problems at the same time, 他必须同时处理多个问题。 variety 释义：n.多样化；种类 /va'raiati/ 词汇变形：various(adj)各种各样的：vary(v)变化；varied(adj.) 多变的 搭配：a variety of..各种各样的…；variety show综艺节目；fora variety ofreasons由于种种原因 辨析：variety强调“多样性”；kind/sot更侧重“种类”。 例句：The store offers a wide variety of fruits. 这家商店提供各种各样的水果。 focus 释义：v集中（于)；n.焦点；重点 /'faukas/ 词汇变形：focused(adj)专注的；focusing(n)聚焦 搭配：focus on.集中注意力于…；bring..into focus使…清 晰；the focus of attention关注的焦点 辨析：focus on强调主动集中；concentrate on可互换，但 concentrate更强调全神贯注： 例句：You should focus on your study instead of playing games. 你应该专注于学习而不是玩游戏。 facility 释义：n.(供特定用途的)场所：设施：[pl.]设备 /fa'silati/ 词汇变形：facilitate(v)促进；使便利：facilitation(n)促进 搭配：sports facilities体育设施；public facilities公共设施； medical facilities医疗设施 辨析：facility常指大型场所或成套设备；equipment指具体的工 具、设备（不可数）。 例句：The school has excellent teaching facilities 这所学校拥有极好的教学设施。 strategy 释义：n.策略；计策；行动计划 /'straetad3i/ 词汇变形：strategic(adj.)战略的；strategically(adv.)战略性地： strategist(n)战略家 搭配：develop/formulate a strategy制定策略；marketing strategy 营销策略；learning strategy学习策略 辨析：strategy指长远、宏观的计划：tactic指具体短期的方法。 例句：We need a new strategy to solve this problem, 我们需要一个新的策略来解决这个问题。 phenomenon 释义：n.现象（复数phenomena) /fa'npminan/ 词汇变形：phenomenal(adj.)非凡的；phenomenally(adv) 搭配：natural phenomenon自然现象；social phenomenon社会现 象；a common phenomenon普遍现象 辨析：phenomenon指客观存在的现象；marvel/wonder指令人惊奇 的事物。 例句：Global warming is a serious natural phenomenon. 全球变暖是一个严重的自然现象。 phase 释义：n.阶段；时期：v逐步实行 /ferz/ 词汇变形：phased(adj,)分阶段的；phasing (n)分阶段实施 搭配：in phase with..与…同步；phase in逐步引入；phase out 逐步淘汰；the first phase第一阶段 辨析：phase强调过程的一个段落；stage更强调发展的一个步骤或 平台。 例句：The project is now in its final phase.. 该项目现在处于最后阶段： 10 encounter 释义：v偶然碰到：遭遇；n.邂逅；冲突 In'kaonta(r)/ 词汇变形：encountered(过去式/过去分词) 搭配：encounter difficulties/problems遇到困难/问题；encounter sb. 偶然遇见某人：a close encounter近距离相遇 辨析：encounter多指偶然、意外遇到；meet普通用词，可指安排好 的见面。 例句：On the way to school,.I encountered an old fiiend, 在上学的路上，我遇到了一位老朋友。 tend 释义：口倾向：趋向：照料 /tend/ 词汇变形：tendency(n)趋势；倾向；tendentious(adj)有倾向性的 搭配：tend to do sth.倾向于做某事；tend towards..趋向于…； tend(to)sb./sth.照料某人/某物 辨析：tend to表示通常的倾向；be likely to表示可能性。 例句：People tend to get fatter as they grow older: 随着年龄增长，人们往往会变胖。 12 appetite 释义：n.食欲；胃口；强烈欲望 /'aepitart/ 词汇变形：appetizer)开胃菜；appetizing(adj)开胃的；美味的 搭配：have a good appetite胃口好；lose one'sappetite失去食欲； appetite for..…对…的欲望/兴趣 辨析：appetite主要指对食物的欲望；desire更广泛，指任何渴望。 例句：Exercise can help improve your appetite. 运动有助于改善食欲。 二、专项训练 (一)单句填空（共10小题） 1.The news of the earthquake came as a great (shock)to everyone 2.Our school will (host)the annual sports meeting next month. 3.There are (multiple)reasons why people choose to study abroad. 4.The garden has a wide (vary)of beautiful flowers. 5.You must focus your homework instead of playing on your phone 6.The city has invested heavily in public (facility)like libraries and parks 7.The company developed a new marketing (strategy)to attract young customers. 8.This natural (phenomenon)has puzzled scientists for centuries. 9.The first (phase)of the project will last for three months 10.On the way to the museum,we (encounter)a terrible traffic jam. (二)单句表达（共8小题） 1.听到那个令人震惊的消息，她震惊得说不出话来。 She was the shocking news that she couldn't speak. 2.中国成功举办了2022年冬奥会。 China successfully 2022 Winter Olympics. 3.图书馆里各种各样的书籍供学生选择。 There are books in the library for students to choose. 4你应该把注意力集中在解决问题上，而不是抱怨。 You should solving the problem instead of complaining 5学校最近改善了体育设施，以鼓励学生锻炼。 The school has recently improved its to encourage students to exercise 6青少年在成长过程中经常会遇到各种各样的挑战。 Teenagers often challenges during their growth. 7.随着季节的变化，人们倾向于多吃一些温暖的汤类食物。 As seasons change,people eat more warm soups 8运动后他胃口很好，吃了一整碗面。 After exercise.he had good that he ate a whole bowl of noodles (三)短文填空 Moving to a new country can be a big 1_ (shock).Many people experience culture 2 when they first arrive.At first,everything seems exciting-this 3 is often called the "honeymoon phase".However,as time goes on,you may 4_ (encounter)many difficulties,such as language barriers and unfamiliar food. To deal with these challenges,it is important to 5 (focus)on learning about the local culture.You can try 6 variety oflocal foods,which may help you develop a better 7 (appetite)for new things.Also,visiting public 8 (facility)like museums and parks can help you understand the local lifestyle. Another useful 9 (strategy)is to make friends with local people.They 10 (tend)to be friendly and willing to help.Over time,you will find that the cultural differences become less overwhelming,and you will enjoy your new life more and more. 三、参考答案 (一)单句填空 1.shock;2.host;3.multiple;4.variety;5.on;6.facilities;7.strategy;8.phenomenon; 9.phase;10.encountered (二)单句表达 1.so shocked at/by;2.hosted the;3.a wide variety of;4.focus on;5.sports facilities; 6.encounter various kinds of;7.tend to;8.such a;appetite (三)短文填空 1.shock;2.shock;3.phase;4.encounter;5.focus;6.a;7.appetite;8.facilities; 9.strategy;10.tend