2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册暑假作业--阅读理解

**基本信息** 以“策略引导+分层训练”为核心，通过题型方法拆解与梯度阅读材料，系统培养语言能力与思维品质，实现从基础理解到综合应用的知识巩固。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |策略讲解层|细节理解、词义猜测等解题方法|分题型拆解步骤，如细节题“关键词定位-同义改写”| |基础应用层|单一题型应用（如细节题占比60%）|选取生活化主题（如兴趣爱好、日常活动），题干直接对应原文信息| |综合提升层|多题型融合（推理/主旨/结构分析）|融入文化意识（如中外送礼习俗）和思维训练（如语篇结构判断），题干需跨段整合信息|

2026年人教版英语八年级下暑假作业--阅读理解 方法策略AOHANG （一）细节理解题 解题策略： 1.读题干，找到其中的关键词 2.根据关键词，定位到原文中的有效信息 3.正确答案是原文有效信息的同义改写 （二）词义猜测题 解题策略： 1、根据定义、构词法 、 同义词 、 反义词 、 生活常 识 、 上下文等猜测词义。 2、一词多义 （三）推理判断题 解题策略： 做这类题目时，大家必须透过文章的字面意思，领悟隐含在字里行间的内涵，体会作者的言外之意。找出作者所陈述的细节、事实以及能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，进行符合逻辑的推理。 （4） 主旨大意题 解题策略： 1、抓住主题句，锁定文章中心。 2、抓段落主题，概括文章大意。 3、留心关键词，串联细节，推断文章主旨。 提高练习ANG （一） If you’re bored, finding the right activity can help you feel happy. Here are some choices for you. ReadingReading is the perfect way to relax. •    Get your library card so you can read many books for free. •    Go to the bookstore and spend 10 dollars to get a VIP card. Then you are allowed to sit inside and read all kinds of books. Starting a collectionStarting a collection lets you focus on your interests. •    Some people collect things in hopes that they’ll increase in value. •    You’d better have enough room to hold your collections. Playing brain gamesBrain games like crossword puzzles exercise your mind. •    There are many online apps for crossword puzzles so you can play. Each app only costs 5 dollars. •    Keeping your mind active with brain games may also be good for your health. Making artworksIt is easy for people with creativity to make some good artworks like drawing and painting. •    You just need some paper, a pencil, and a set of cheap paints to start doing some simple drawing and painting. •    If you want to study art in depth, you can look for great teachers for paid teaching. 1．How many activities are there in this passage? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 2．Which activity can you take part in for free? A．Reading with a library card. B．Learning art with a teacher’s help. C．Being a VIP in the bookstore. D．Playing crossword puzzles on apps. 3．Which one can you choose to keep your mind active? A．Reading. B．Making artworks. C．Playing brain games. D．Starting a collection. 4．Who might be good at making artworks? A．Mike, who is rich. B．Tom, who is patient. C．Mary, who is clever. D．Amy, who is creative. 5．What is the purpose in writing the passage? A．To design online apps. B．To make artworks. C．To share some hobbies. D．To introduce some books. （二） ①What is the reason for pain? Pain hurts us, but could it be good for us? Is pain in fact helpful? ②Pain is the body’s way to tell us that something is wrong so that we stop what we are doing to protect the body. For example, if you break your leg, pain stops you from walking on it. If you didn’t feel any pain, you would continue walking around and you could hurt your leg more. But why does it continue to hurt even after you stop walking on your hurt leg? It is because your body needs you to rest so as to have the energy to mend (愈合) the broken leg. ③But how does pain work? We have special cells (细胞) in our eyes, and inside our bodies too. When something goes wrong, these cells send messages to the brain (脑). The brain then makes us feel pain, so we will stop doing things causing the pain. Put your hand on a hot pan, and your hand’s cells tell your brain. You are able to quickly move your hand away from the heat. At the same time, your brain gets the message that something is wrong and you need to care for your hand. It all happens in less than a second. ④But did you know that the brain itself cannot feel pain? In fact, when doctors cut into the brain, they do not let the person sleep. Because the person does not feel any pain in the brain, it is thought to be much safer if the person is awake (醒着的) while the doctor works. 6．Why is pain helpful sometimes according to the text? A．It teaches us about the way our bodies move and grow. B．It reminds us to keep awake when doctors cut into the brain. C．It makes us stop the wrong things that we’re doing to protect us. D．It tells doctors about problems with the body so that they can fix them. 7．What might happen to people who couldn’t feel pain after they fell? A．Their lives would be easier. B．They would stand up quickly. C．They would get hurt more. D．They would not be afraid of falling. 8．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 9．In Paragraph③, what does the underlined word “It” refer to? A．The moment you put your hand on a hot pan. B．The process of your hand moving away and your brain getting the message. C．The pain you feel when your hand touches the hot pan. D．The special cells sending messages to the brain. 10．What is the text mainly about? A．How pain hurts our brains. B．How doctors work on the brain. C．How the brain moves our bodies. D．How pain works to protect our bodies. （三） Nowadays, many cities across China are developing greenways. Greenways are eco-friendly city paths that help citizens enjoy nature and live a low-carbon life, and they also change people’s daily lifestyles greatly. These scenic paths run alongside rivers and parks, surrounded by lush plants. Different from common city roads, they aim to create comfortable spaces for citizens to get close to nature. Greenways are totally closed to all motor vehicles. Their main purposes are to provide places for walking, jogging and cycling. For busy citizens, they have become ideal choices to release (释放) pressure and build up health in daily life. To spread the idea of low-carbon living, our local government organized a Green Walk activity last month. Workers put up notices in every neighborhood to call on people to join. Meanwhile, volunteers set up service points to offer free drinks and eco-themed (生态主题) gifts. About 800 participants (参与者) gathered (聚集) at the entrance at 8 a.m. and started the journey one after another. While walking along the route (路线), participants picked up much practical knowledge about environmental protection. Organizers shared tips on saving resources and cutting down waste. Most people said they gained a lot beyond fun and relaxation. In conclusion, greenways and related low-carbon activities play an important role in changing people’s lifestyles. It’s believed that more citizens will stick to low-carbon habits and work together to make our city more pleasant. 11．What is the main use of greenways? A．For all kinds of cars and buses. B．For people to walk and ride bikes. C．For posting public notices. D．For holding big meetings. 12．What did the organizers do to get people to take part? A．They built more new parks and rivers. B．They held different sports competitions. C．They posted notices and prepared supplies. D．They provided free delicious food for walkers. 13．Which is the correct order according to the passage? ① Participants got together at the entrance.    ② Volunteers prepared things at service points. ③ Workers put up notices in neighborhoods.    ④ People began their green walk. A．③②①④ B．③①②④ C．②③①④ D．②①③④ 14．What’s the structure of the whole passage? A． B． C． D． 15．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．People can drive freely on greenways. B．The activity brought people more than just pleasure. C．Few people showed interest in this activity. D．People mainly joined the activity for cheap gifts. （四） Last week, a strong typhoon hit my city. I still clearly remember what everyone was busy doing when it arrived. At around 7: 00 p. m. , I was quietly doing my homework in my bedroom. Suddenly, fierce winds started to blow wildly, and heavy rain beat heavily against the windows, making loud noises. I felt a bit nervous and scared. At that moment, my mother was busy cooking a delicious dinner in the kitchen. My father was relaxing and watching TV in the living room. My cute little sister was soundly asleep in her own room. Unfortunately, the lights went out suddenly at 7: 30 p. m. Everything turned dark right away. My father quickly found and lit some candles. The whole family sat closely together and chatted happily. My mother comforted us and told us not to be afraid. Finally, the terrible typhoon died down at 9: 00 p. m. The next morning, the bright sun appeared again. We walked outside and noticed lots of fallen trees and broken windows everywhere. It was a really frightening experience, but it greatly brought our whole family closer. We supported each other and kept calm all the time. From this event, I learned that we must make full preparations for natural disasters and offer help to one another when facing difficulties. 16．What was the writer doing when the typhoon came? A．Watching TV B．Cooking dinner C．Doing homework D．Sleeping 17．What happened at half past seven in the evening? A．The rain stopped. B．The lights went out. C．The wind died down. D．The sun came out. 18．How did the family spend the dark time? A．They went out for a walk. B．They lit candles and talked together. C．They kept silent all the time. D．They went to sleep at once. 19．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2? A．The writer’s happy daily life. B．How the family spent the dark night. C．The damage caused by the typhoon. D．The bad weather and family activities at that time. 20．What can we know from the passage? A．The typhoon lasted for three hours. B．No damage was caused by the typhoon. C．The family felt upset all the time. D．The writer learned a meaningful lesson. （五） ①In today’s world, cultural exchange is more important than ever. It helps to build bridges between different cultures. How does cultural exchange happen? ②One of the simplest ways is through food. Eating a country’s traditional dishes can give you a taste of its culture. For example, sushi is a popular Japanese dish and it is also welcomed around the world. It shows the culinary culture of Japan and introduces many cooking skills and cooking arts. ③Language is another key point. Learning a new language opens doors to a country’s history, literature, and philosophical (哲学的) ideas. ④Art and music are further examples of how culture is shared and developed. International film festivals and music concerts allow artists to show their works to people around the world. This encourages artists from different places to work together. ⑤Cultural exchange also plays an important role in education. Study-abroad programs and international student exchanges give students a direct experience of another culture. These experiences can open up a new world to students. ⑥In a word, the growth of cultural exchange allows us to experience our colourful world. As we continue to share and learn about each other’s culture, we build a closer and more understanding global (全球的) community. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 21．What is the passage mainly about? A．The importance of learning foreign languages. B．Different ways of cultural exchange and their benefits. C．The history of sushi and other traditional dishes. D．How to study abroad successfully. 22．What is the underlined word “culinary” in Paragraph 2 probably about? A．About cooking. B．About art. C．About skills. D．About Japanese culture. 23．What can learning a new language help you to do, according to the passage? A．Understand a country’s history, literature, and ideas. B．Taste traditional dishes from other countries. C．Make friends with artists from around the world. D．Get a certificate for studying abroad. 24．How do international film festivals and music concerts help cultural exchange? A．They teach people film and music skills. B．They make artists share their works with the world. C．They encourage people to learn new languages. D．They give students chances to study abroad. 25．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2…) A． B． C． D． （六） ①Growing up is not always easy. As middle school teenagers, we experience all kinds of feelings in daily life, such as joy, anger and sadness. So, learning to deal with our emotions is an important lesson during our growth. ②Many daily things can make us feel unhappy. We may feel down if we fail our exams. We also get upset when we disagree with our teammates, friends or parents. Besides, heavy schoolwork and failures in different activities usually bring us huge stress. It is normal to have negative feelings, but hiding these bad emotions will do harm to our study and physical health. ③Here are simple and useful ways to solve this problem. First, communicate with your teammates or family members. Sharing your troubles with others can reduce stress and get practical suggestions. Second, take exercise or listen to soft music to calm yourself down. Third, put down your work and take a short break when you feel extremely worried. ④Then how can we stay positive all the time? We should understand that difficulties and failures are common parts of growing up. When working in a team, we need to cheer for each other instead of complaining (抱怨). Meanwhile, we should take pride(自豪) in every small progress we achieve in study and life. ⑤Emotions matter a lot to teenage growth. If we learn to manage our feelings properly and support our teammates side by side, we can grow into more positive and excellent people step by step. 26．What will be influenced if teenagers keep negative feelings inside? A．Their hobbies. B．Their study and health. C．Their sleeping time only. D．Their relationships with teachers. 27．What does the underlined phrase “this problem” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Failing the exams. B．Having bad emotions. C．Too much schoolwork. D．Disagreeing with teammates. 28．Which of the following ways is mentioned to help people stay positive? A．Trying to avoid all difficulties. B．Taking part in more competitions. C．Encouraging teammates together. D．Comparing with excellent students. 29．What’s the structure of the passage? (①=Para. 1... ⑤=Para. 5) A．①/②/③④/⑤ B．①②/③/④⑤ C．①/②③/④⑤ D．①②③/④/⑤ 30．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Stop Complaining B．Ways to Get Better Grades C．How to Get on with Teammates D．Growing Up with Good Emotions （七） The Sahara is the largest hot desert in the world. It covers over 9,000,000 square kilometers across North Africa. The weather there can be very different in a day’s time. It’s one of the toughest (艰难的) environments on earth. The Sahara is as big as Canada but has very few people. Less than two and a half million people live there, most of them are nomads. Nomads are people who have no permanent (固定的) homes. They move from place to place, carrying everything they need to live. The nomads of the Sahara depend on goats, sheep, and camels (骆驼) for food and transport. Water is the most important for them, they need water to live, so they must carry enough water or know where to find it. Without water, life is impossible. A desert is not defined (定义) by sand but by the lack of rain. To be a desert, a place must get less than 250 mm of rain each year. Surprisingly, only 25% of the Sahara is covered in sand. The rest is rock and gravel (砂砾). The Sahara was once much wetter and greener. Over time, it became the desert we see today. Truly, the Sahara is a place of history and change. 31．Where’s the Sahara? A．In South Africa. B．In Northeastern Africa. C．In Northwestern Africa. D．In North Africa. 32．What does the underlined word “nomads” probably mean? A．People who always carry things in the desert. B．People who always have to move their homes. C．People who only have one place to live. D．People who have no place to live. 33．Why is water the most important for nomads? A．Because water is everywhere in the desert. B．Because they can find water easily. C．Because people can live without water. D．Because people need water to live. 34．According to the passage, what’s a desert? A．A place that has nomads living in it. B．A place that is very hot and dry all year round. C．A place that has more than 25% sand on its surface. D．A place that gets less than 250 mm of rain every year. 35．What’s the passage about? A．Facts about the Sahara. B．The people of the Sahara. C．The weather of the Sahara. D．The history of the Sahara. （八） Good gift-giving is welcome all over the world but it is not the same in different countries. Here are some examples. China has a long history of gift-giving culture. If you want to send others gifts there, you had better do it yourself and give your wishes face to face. In China, even if a gift is precious, the giver always has to tell the receiver that this expensive gift is just “a little gift”. And if you receive a gift from a Chinese friend, it is not polite to open it in front of the giver. Unlike in China, when you receive a gift in Japan, you must open it in front of the giver. Whether you like it or not, you must praise the gift to show you like it very much. In this way, both the receiver and the giver will be happy. No other countries could take gift-giving as seriously as Japan. Gift-givers often pack gifts in white paper. They use white paper to keep dirty things out so that the gift is clean. Italians usually do not bring gifts when they visit others. They send gifts the next day or even later. It is to show respect and can help the givers choose right gifts. Usually candies and wine (酒) are popular gifts. Chocolate is also a good choice. In Italy, a handkerchief (手帕) is not welcome as a gift. A handkerchief is the symbol of saying goodbye. 36．What does the underlined word “precious” mean? A．poor B．valuable C．magical D．boring 37．Which paragraph is about Japanese gift-giving? A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph4. 38．If you want to send your Italian friend a gift, you can send all the following things EXCEPT ________. A．a handkerchief B．chocolate C．candies D．wine 39．What can we learn from the passage? A．Japanese people like opening a gift after the giver leaves. B．Chinese people always like giving a little gift to each other. C．In Italy, people send gifts to their friends the day before the party. D．To keep dirty things away, Japanese people use white paper to pack gifts. 40．What is the best title for the passage? A．Experiences of Gift-receiving in China B．Making Different Gifts for Different People C．Gift-giving Traditions in Different Countries D．Experiences of Gift-buying in Foreign Countries （九） There is a famous rainforest in South America. It’s called the Amazon Rainforest. Deep inside the Amazon Rainforest, there is a very special river. It is not wide or long, but it is famous all over the world. This river is special because its water is boiling hot all year round. The temperature can reach nearly 86℃. It is so hot that it can almost cook small animals. For hundreds of years, only local people knew about this river. They used the hot water to clean things and make food. But for a long time, few scientists believed it was real. They thought it was just a legend. Later, a scientist called Andrés decided to find it. He travelled deep into the forest and finally found the boiling river. To his surprise, the river was not heated by a volcano (火山), because the nearest volcano was far away. Scientists are still studying what keeps the water so hot. Many believe it is heated by special rocks under the ground. The boiling river is one of the greatest secrets of nature. It tells us that nature is full of surprises. We still have so many amazing things to learn about our planet. 41．Where is the Amazon Rainforest? A．In Europe. B．In North America. C．In Africa. D．In South America. 42．What did local people use the hot river water to do? A．Grow vegetables. B．Drink every day. C．Wash things and make food. D．Feed animals. 43．What does the underlined word “legend” mean in Paragraph 1? A．传说 B．真理 C．食谱 D．敌人 44．What can we infer from the passage? A．The river is heated by a volcano. B．No one believes the river is real. C．Scientists have known everything about the river. D．Nature still has many unknown secrets for us to study. 45．What is the best title for the passage? A．A Special Boiling River. B．The Heat from Volcanoes. C．Animals in the Rainforest. D．How to Explore Nature. （十） Is there a connection between volunteering and health? Could volunteering offer a way to improve kids’ mental (心理的) health? A new survey has some interesting findings. Kids who do volunteer work help their community. And they also help themselves. Scientists find that volunteering at school or in the community helps children and teenagers stay healthier. About 50,000 US kids aged 6 to 17 took part in the survey. Scientists divided them into two groups. One group did community service, and the other didn’t. The kids who volunteered were 66% more likely to grow up healthily and do well. For kids aged 12 and older, volunteering made them 25% less likely to feel nervous. The results show volunteering makes kids happier. Therefore, there’s a clear need to improve students’ mental health. Going back to the community to volunteer may be a good way. Serving the community seems to help people feel a sense of purpose. And it makes them feel connected to those around them. So, kids, give it a try, for your health and happiness. 46．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling stories. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples. 47．What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? A．Kids dislike volunteering. B．Volunteering is good for children. C．Volunteer work is hard for kids. D．Volunteering has nothing to do with kids’ health. 48．Who took part in the survey according to paragraph 3? A．Some American parents. B．Some young people in China. C．Some American children. D．Community volunteers. 49．What does the writer advise kids to do at the end of the text? A．Study hard at school. B．Do volunteer work. C．Make more friends. D．Stay away from danger. 50．In which part of a newspaper can we read the text? A．Health and Life. B．Art and Music. C．IT and Future. D．History and Culture. （十一） Last Saturday, our school held a charity sale (爱心义卖) on the playground. The purpose was to raise money for children in poor areas who needed books and school supplies (用品). All the teachers and students took an active part in it. They brought many things to sell. Some students even made posters and signs to attract more buyers. The charity sale started at 9:00 a.m. and lasted for three hours. One of the most popular booths (摊位) was run by Class 3. They sold delicious cookies and cakes made by their parents. I volunteered at my class’s booth. We sold old storybooks and handmade bracelets (手链). To my surprise, all the bracelets were sold out in the first hour. By the end of the sale, our class had raised over 500 yuan. In total, the whole school raised nearly 8,000 yuan. The money was sent to a primary school in a mountainous area. We felt proud because our small actions could make a big difference to someone’s life. 51．What was the main purpose of the charity sale? A．To buy new toys for the students. B．To raise money for children in poor areas. C．To sell food to teachers. D．To have a competition between classes. 52．How long did the charity sale last? A．One hour. B．Two hours. C．Three hours. D．Four hours. 53．What did Class 3 sell at their booth? A．Used books and toys. B．Handmade bracelets. C．Posters and signs. D．Cookies and cakes. 54．How much money did the writer’s class raise? A．Nearly 8,000 yuan. B．Over 500 yuan. C．300 yuan. D．1,000 yuan. 55．How did the students feel at the end of the charity sale? A．Tired and unhappy. B．Surprised but worried. C．Proud of what they did. D．Bored with the activity. （十二） Jiuzhaigou, located in Sichuan Province, is one of the most beautiful natural scenic spots in China. It was listed as a World Natural Heritage Site in 1992, and it is famous for its colourful lakes, waterfalls and snow-capped mountains. The name “Jiuzhaigou” means “the valley of nine Tibetan villages”. There are nine traditional Tibetan villages in the valley, and the local people live in harmony with nature. The most amazing part of Jiuzhaigou is its lakes. The water of the lakes is in different colours, like blue, green, turquoise and even red. The colours change with the light and the season, which makes the lakes look like precious gemstones. The reason for the colourful water is the special minerals (矿物质) and algae (藻类) in the lake bed, which show the sunlight in different ways. Jiuzhaigou has more than 100 lakes and waterfalls. The Nuorilang Waterfall is the most famous one. It is 27 meters high and 270 meters wide, and it is the widest calcified (钙化) waterfall in China. When the water falls down from the mountain, it makes a loud sound, and the water flies everywhere. Standing in front of the waterfall, you will feel the power of nature. In addition to lakes and waterfalls, Jiuzhaigou also has beautiful forests and snow-covered mountains. The forest is home to many special animals and plants, such as giant pandas, golden monkeys and Chinese dove trees. Jiuzhaigou is a place of natural beauty. It is a gift from nature to humans. However, it was once damaged (破坏) by an earthquake in 2017. After years of repair and protection, most of the scenic spots have been reopened to the public. We should cherish this beautiful place and protect it well, so that it can always keep its beauty. 56．What do we know about Jiuzhaigou? A．It was listed as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 1992. B．It was damaged by an earthquake in 2017. C．It has nine traditional Tibetan lakes. D．It is famous for its ancient buildings. 57．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 1 refer to? A．Sichuan Province. B．The Nuorilang Waterfall. C．The World Natural Heritage Site. D．Jiuzhaigou. 58．What will a visitor feel when standing in front of Nuorilang Waterfall? A．Peaceful and quiet. B．The power of nature. C．Tired from walking. D．Surprised by the Tibetan villages. 59．What can people see in the forests of Jiuzhaigou? A．Giant pandas and golden monkeys. B．Only ordinary trees and grass. C．Many ancient temples. D．Large areas of farmland. 60．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The Earthquake in Sichuan B．The Colourful Lakes of China C．Jiuzhaigou: A Natural Wonder D．Protecting Nature in Jiuzhaigou （十三） A Fox (狐狸) sees a Bird fly by with a big piece of beef in its mouth. The Bird stops and stands on a tree. She wants to consume the beef. “My chance comes,” says the Fox. He walks up to the foot of the tree. “Good morning, Miss Bird,” he says. “How healthy you are looking today, and how beautiful your eyes are. Your song can be good too. Let me hear only one song from you, because your song is beautiful even without any musical instruments.” The Bird feels very happy about the words from the Fox. She raises her head and begins to sing. But when she opens her mouth, the piece of beef falls to the ground. The Fox quickly takes it away. “That is all I want. Thank you for this piece of beef. You need to be careful next time.” says the Fox. 阅读以上材料，回答下列各小题。 61．What does the underlined word “consume” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．cook B．cut C．enjoy D．buy 62．Why does the Fox talk to the Bird? A．He wants the Bird to sing a song. B．He prepares to make the Bird stop. C．He needs the Bird to open her mouth. D．He wants to make friends with the birds. 63．How does the Bird feel about the words from the Fox? A．Healthy. B．Happy. C．Beautiful. D．Bored 64．What does the Fox really want? A．The beef. B．The chance. C．The instrument. D．The tree 65．What can we learn from the story? A．Foxes are smart. B．Birds enjoy singing. C．Be careful of nice words. D．Animals always trust each other. （十四） ①Gifts show our care and love. Everyone loves receiving gifts. But choosing proper gifts is hard, especially for people from different cultures. Gift-giving shows respect across cultures, so we need to learn its cultural differences. ②In East Asia, people bring fruit and milk to visit friends. In Europe, fruit or flowers fit visiting patients. Wine works for dinner parties if the host drinks. In India and other South Asian places, people give sweets to congratulate others. ③Gift choices also depend on whether the occasion is formal or informal. Small simple gifts suit informal visits and won’t pressure hosts. For formal events, gifts must be elegant (精美的). The wrapping follows the same rule: simple bags for informal times, nice wrapping is necessary for formal ones. ④Countries have different gift-opening manners. Americans open gifts right away. In China, it is considered more proper to open them later. ⑤These rules may make you confused, but they help you avoid embarrassing mistakes. The true value of gifts lies in the thought behind them. Respecting different cultures helps cross-cultural communication a lot. 66．What do people take to visit friends in East Asia? A．Wine and sweets B．Fruit and milk C．Flowers and wine D．Sweets and bags 67．According to the passage, what gift is proper for a formal dinner party in Europe? A．Fruit B．Sweets C．Wine D．Milk 68．What’s the structure of the passage? A．①②/③④⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ D．①/②③④/⑤ 69．Which sentence is TRUE according to the text? A．Indians give wine to congratulate friends. B．Formal gifts need beautiful wrapping. C．Chinese open gifts as soon as they get them. D．Small gifts make hosts feel stressed. 70．What lesson can we learn from this passage? A．Old habits die hard. B．A small act of kindness makes a difference. C．When in Rome, do as the Romans do. D．Every coin has two sides 参考答案 1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文为读者提供了几种选择，这些活动可以帮助人感到快乐。 【详解】1．文中介绍了Reading、Playing brain games、Starting a collection、Making artworks共四种活动。 2．“Reading”部分提到“Get your library card so you can read many books for free.”，所以用借书卡阅读是免费的。 3．“Playing brain games”部分提到“Keeping your mind active with brain games may also be good for your health.”，所以玩益智游戏可以保持思维活跃。 4．“Making artworks”部分提到“It is easy for people with creativity to make some good artworks”，所以有创造力的人可能擅长制作艺术品。 5．全文介绍了四种在无聊时可以做的活动，目的是分享一些爱好。 6．C 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了疼痛对人体的保护作用、产生原理，还补充说明大脑本身无法感知疼痛这一知识点。 【详解】6．文章第②段“Pain is the body’s way to tell us that something is wrong so that we stop what we are doing to protect the body.”表明疼痛能让我们停止伤害自身的行为、保护我们。 7．文章第②段“If you didn’t feel any pain, you would continue walking around and you could hurt your leg more.”表明无法感知疼痛的人摔倒后会受到更严重的伤害。 8．通读全文，第①段总起，提出三个关于疼痛的问题；第②段讲疼痛的作用；第③段讲疼痛产生的过程；第④段补充大脑不会感知疼痛的特殊知识，属于总分结构，对应A选项。 9．文章第③段“Put your hand on a hot pan, and your hand’s cells tell your brain. You are able to quickly move your hand away from the heat...It all happens in less than a second.”表明手碰到热锅，手部细胞向大脑传递信号，手迅速移开，同时大脑收到受伤的信号，这整套过程在一秒内完成。It指代手部移开、大脑接收信号这一整套过程。 10．文章主要讲的是疼痛如何通过警示和保护机制来守护我们的身体。D选项能概括文章主旨。 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍国内城市绿道的定义、环境特点与主要功能，讲述当地政府组织绿色徒步低碳活动的筹备、开展过程，最后点明绿道与低碳活动对改变人们生活方式、建设宜居城市的重要意义。 【详解】11．第二段“Greenways are totally closed to all motor vehicles. Their main purposes are to provide places for walking, jogging and cycling.” 明确指出绿道主要供人们步行、慢跑和骑行，禁止机动车通行，对应选项B。 12．第三段“Workers put up notices in every neighborhood to call on people to join. Meanwhile, volunteers set up service points to offer free drinks and eco-themed gifts.” 提示，工作人员张贴通知、志愿者布置服务点提供饮品礼品，即主办方张贴通知并准备物资，对应选项C。 13．第三段“Workers put up notices in every neighborhood to call on people to join. ”提示，工作人员先张贴通知，号召居民参与，对应③Workers put up notices in neighborhoods.(工作人员在社区张贴通知)；“Meanwhile, volunteers set up service points to offer free drinks and eco-themed(生态主题) gifts. ”提示，随后志愿者在服务点准备物资，对应② Volunteers prepared things at service points.(志愿者在服务点准备物资) ；第四段“About 800 participants (参与者)gathered(聚集)at the entrance at 8 a.m.”提示，活动开始后参与者在入口集合，对应① Participants got together at the entrance.(参与者在入口集合) ；“started the journey one after another. ”提示，依次踏上徒步路线，对应④ People began their green walk.(人们开启徒步)，因此先后顺序为：③②①④。 14．文章共五段，第一段引入绿道话题，总起全文；第二段介绍绿道的特点与功能，第三段介绍活动筹备，第四段介绍活动开展，这三段为分述；第五段总结全文，点明绿道与低碳活动的意义，属于总分总结构：①总起、②③④分述、⑤总结，对应结构图D。 15．第四段“Most people said they gained a lot beyond fun and relaxation.”可知这次活动带给参与者的不仅仅是愉悦，还有很多其他收获，句中“beyond fun and relaxation”意为“不止收获快乐放松”，对应选项 B“The activity brought people more than just pleasure.” 16．C 17．B 18．B 19．D 20．D 【导语】本文记叙了台风来袭当晚作者一家人的经历，台风过后家园出现大量损毁，作者也从中收获了防灾与互助的感悟。 【详解】16．根据文章第二段“At around 7: 00 p. m. , I was quietly doing my homework in my bedroom.”可知，台风来临时作者正在卧室安静地做作业。 17．根据文章第三段第一句“Unfortunately, the lights went out suddenly at 7: 30 p. m.”可知，晚上七点半（half past seven）停电了。 18．根据文章第三段“My father quickly found and lit some candles. The whole family sat closely together and chatted happily.”可知，停电后父亲点了蜡烛，全家人坐在一起愉快地聊天。 19．第二段主要描述了台风来临时（around 7:00 p.m.）的恶劣天气（fierce winds, heavy rain）以及当时家庭成员各自的活动（作者做作业、妈妈做饭、爸爸看电视、妹妹睡觉）。选项 D“当时的恶劣天气和家庭成员活动”概括最准确。 20．根据文章最后一段“From this event, I learned that we must make full preparations for natural disasters and offer help to one another…”可知，作者从这次经历中学到了要为自然灾害做准备并互助的道理，这是一个有意义的教训。 21．B 22．A 23．A 24．B 25．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，采用总分总结构。第一段总起，点明文化交流十分重要并引出文化交流的实现途径；第二至五段分别从美食、语言、艺术音乐、教育四个方面介绍文化交流的不同方式与好处；最后一段总结文化交流带来的积极意义。 【详解】21．文章先引出文化交流，再分述四种不同的文化交流途径及其益处，对应B选项“不同的文化交流方式及其好处”。 22．第二段围绕各国传统美食展开，后文提到cooking skills（烹饪技巧），可推断culinary和烹饪相关。 23． 第三段原文“Learning a new language opens doors to a country’s history, literature, and philosophical (哲学的) ideas.”，学习新语言能帮助我们了解一个国家的历史、文学与思想。 24．第四段原文“International film festivals and music concerts allow artists to show their works to people around the world.”，国际电影节和音乐会让艺术家向全世界分享作品，以此推动文化交流。 25．文章结构：①总起段；②③④⑤四个分述段落；⑥总结段，对应树形结构A。 26．B 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了青少年在成长过程中如何正确处理负面情绪，提出了沟通、运动、休息等应对方法，并鼓励青少年在团队中互相鼓励、关注进步，以成长为更积极的人。 【详解】26．根据第二段最后一句“It is normal to have negative feelings, but hiding these bad emotions will do harm to our study and physical health.”可知，隐藏负面情绪会危害学习（study）和身体健康（physical health）。 27．第三段首句提到“Here are simple and useful ways to solve this problem”，这里的“this problem”指代上文第二段主要讨论的内容，即青少年产生的负面情绪及其危害。第三段提供的建议（沟通、运动、休息）都是针对调节情绪而言的。 28．根据第四段中“When working in a team, we need to cheer for each other instead of complaining.”可知，在团队中互相鼓励（cheer for each other）是保持积极的方法之一，与选项C“Encouraging teammates together”意思一致。 29．第一段①引入话题（情绪管理对成长很重要）；第二段②分析问题（负面情绪的来源及危害）；第三段③和第四段④提供解决问题的具体建议（如何调节情绪及保持积极）；第五段⑤总结全文。因此结构为①/②/③④/⑤。 30．全文围绕青少年成长过程中的情绪问题展开，讨论了负面情绪的影响、调节方法以及如何保持积极心态。选项D“Growing Up with Good Emotions”最能概括文章中心主题。 31．D 32．B 33．D 34．D 35．A 【导语】本文介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的地理位置、气候、人口及定义。 【详解】31．第一段指出“across North Africa”，说明在非洲北部。 32．第二段中“nomads”所在句为：“most of them are nomads”，结合下文的解释“Nomads are people who have no permanent homes. They move from place to place, carrying everything they need to live.”，说明他们是没有固定住所、经常搬家的人群。 33．第二段指出“they need water to live, so they must carry enough water or know where to find it. Without water, life is impossible.”，说明水是生存必需品，因此水对游牧民族最重要。 34．第三段指出“To be a desert, a place must get less than 250 mm of rain each year.”，说明沙漠的定义是年降雨量低于250毫米。 35．本文介绍撒哈拉沙漠的地理位置、环境特点、游牧居民、沙漠科学定义与历史变迁，因此是围绕撒哈拉沙漠的事实展开。 36．B 37．C 38．A 39．D 40．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国、日本、意大利三个国家各不相同的送礼习俗。 【详解】36．根据第二段中“even if a gift is precious... this expensive gift”可知，precious与expensive（昂贵的）对应，意为“珍贵的/贵重的”，与B选项valuable同义。A选项“贫穷的”、C选项“神奇的”、D选项“无聊的”均不符合语境。 37．文章共有四段：第一段为引言，第二段讲中国，第三段开头提到“Unlike in China, when you receive a gift in Japan...”，可知关于日本送礼习俗的内容在第三段。 38．根据第四段关于意大利的描述中“In Italy, a handkerchief is not welcome as a gift.”可知，手帕是不受欢迎的礼物，其他选项（巧克力、糖果、酒）均为受欢迎的礼物。 39．根据第三段中“Gift-givers often pack gifts in white paper. They use white paper to keep dirty things out so that the gift is clean.”可知，日本人用白纸包装礼物隔绝脏东西，D选项表述正确；A选项与原文“open it in front of the giver”相反；B选项误解了中国人称贵重礼物为“小礼物”的谦辞；C选项时间错误，原文是“the next day or even later”。 40．文章首段提出不同国家送礼习俗不同，随后分别介绍了中国、日本和意大利的送礼传统，C选项“Gift-giving Traditions in Different Countries（不同国家的送礼习俗）”最适合作为本文的标题。 41．D 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述亚马逊雨林深处有一条常年沸腾的奇特河流，并非火山加热，至今仍是自然之谜。 【详解】41．第一段“There is a famous rainforest in South America. It’s called the Amazon Rainforest.”，提及亚马逊雨林位于南美洲。 42．第一段“They used the hot water to clean things and make food.”，提及当地人用热水清洁东西、制作食物。 43．第一段“But for a long time, few scientists believed it was real. They thought it was just a legend.”提及很长时间里几乎没有科学家相信这条河真的存在，因此他们认为这只是虚构的故事，即“传说”，“legend”是“传说”的意思。 44．最后一句“We still have so many amazing things to learn about our planet.”提及关于我们的星球，我们仍有无数的奇妙事物等待去探索，也就是说自然界仍有许多未知秘密等待着我们去研究。 45．全文核心是介绍亚马逊雨林中一条特殊的沸腾河流，因此最佳标题是“一条特殊的沸水河”。 46．C 47．B 48．C 49．B 50．A 【导语】本文围绕志愿服务与青少年心理健康的关联展开，借助一项美国儿童调查的数据，证实志愿活动能让孩子身心更健康、情绪更稳定，最后呼吁孩子们参与社区志愿服务。 【详解】46．文章开篇连续抛出两个问句：“Is there a connection between volunteering and health? Could volunteering offer a way to improve kids’ mental health?”，属于以提问开篇。 47．第二段核心句“volunteering at school or in the community helps children and teenagers stay healthier”，本段都在说明志愿活动有益于儿童。 48．第三段指出“About 50,000 US kids aged 6 to 17 took part in the survey”，说明参与调查的是美国儿童。 49．最后一段作者说“kids, give it a try, for your health and happiness”，建议孩子们尝试志愿服务。 50．文章核心话题是志愿活动对青少年心理健康、身体健康的作用，属于健康生活类内容。 51．B 52．C 53．D 54．B 55．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了学校在操场上举办爱心义卖活动为贫困地区儿童筹集资金的过程，包括活动目的、时间、班级摊位情况以及最终筹款金额和感受。 【详解】51．第一段第二句提到“The purpose was to raise money for children in poor areas who needed books and school supplies.”，说明义卖的主要目的是为贫困地区的儿童筹集资金。 52．第一段提到“The charity sale started at 9:00 a.m. and lasted for three hours.”，说明活动持续了三个小时。 53．第一段提到“One of the most popular booths was run by Class 3. They sold delicious cookies and cakes made by their parents.”，说明3班卖的是饼干和蛋糕。 54．第一段最后一句提到“By the end of the sale, our class had raised over 500 yuan.”，说明作者所在班级筹集了超过500元。 55．最后一段最后一句提到“We felt proud because our small actions could make a big difference to someone’s life.”，说明学生们感到自豪。 56．B 57．D 58．B 59．A 60．C 【导语】本文介绍了九寨沟的地理位置、自然景色、特色景观以及曾经遭受地震破坏和如今被保护的现状，展现了九寨沟的自然之美。 【详解】56．第5段提到“However, it was once damaged by an earthquake in 2017.”，说明九寨沟在2017年被地震破坏了。 57．第1段前半句主语是Jiuzhaigou，代词It指代前文提到的九寨沟。 58．第3段提到“Standing in front of the waterfall, you will feel the power of nature.”，说明站在诺日朗瀑布前，游客会感受到大自然的力量。 59．第4段提到“The forest is home to many special animals and plants, such as giant pandas, golden monkeys and Chinese dove trees.”，说明在九寨沟的森林里可以看见大熊猫和金丝猴。 60．全文围绕九寨沟的自然风光展开，介绍了湖泊、瀑布、森林等美景，“Jiuzhaigou: A Natural Wonder”最适合作为文章标题。 61．C 62．C 63．B 64．A 65．C 【导语】本文是寓言小故事，讲述狐狸看到树上的鸟叼着牛肉，用甜言蜜语吹捧鸟儿引诱它开口唱歌，最终骗走牛肉的故事，告诫人们要警惕花言巧语。 【详解】61．根据“with a big piece of beef in its mouth”可知，是想要“吃掉”它。consume意为“消耗、吃”。C选项符合题意。 62．根据“when she opens her mouth, the piece of beef falls to the ground.”可知，狐狸的目的是让鸟儿张嘴唱歌，牛肉就会掉下来，所以它需要鸟儿张开嘴。 63．根据“The Bird feels very happy about the words from the Fox.”可知，鸟的感受是happy。 64．根据“That is all I want. Thank you for this piece of beef.”可知，狐狸真正想要的是牛肉。 65．根据故事大意“狐狸通过甜言蜜语（nice words）骗走了鸟的牛肉。”和文末狐狸的话“You need to be careful next time.”可知，故事告诉我们“要警惕虚伪动听的花言巧语”。C选项符合题意。 66．B 67．C 68．D 69．B 70．C 【导语】本文介绍了不同国家和地区在送礼习俗上的文化差异，强调尊重当地文化有助于跨文化交流。 【详解】66．根据第二段“In East Asia, people bring fruit and milk to visit friends.”可知，在东亚，人们拜访朋友时通常会带水果和牛奶。 67．根据第二段“Wine works for dinner parties if the host drinks.”可知，在欧洲，如果主人喝酒，参加晚宴时送葡萄酒是合适的。 68．文章结构为“总—分—总”。第一段①引出送礼文化差异的话题（总）；第二、三、四段②③④分别从地区、场合、礼仪具体阐述差异（分）；第五段⑤总结全文并提出建议（总）。因此结构划分为①/②③④/⑤。 69．根据第三段“For formal events, gifts must be elegant. The wrapping follows the same rule... nice wrapping is necessary for formal ones.”可知，正式场合的礼物需要精美的包装。 70．根据第五段“Respecting different cultures helps cross-cultural communication a lot.”可知，尊重不同文化、遵循当地习俗有助于跨文化交流，因此告诉我们要“入乡随俗” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $