第1章 阅读理解题策略与训练-【初高中衔接直通车】2026年初升高英语衔接直通车

初高中衔接 l0.what考查主语从句。句意：我们大多数人都知道，烟 雾对我们的健康将会有什么样的危害。It为形式主 语，真正的主语为后面的主语从句，所以空处需要引导 主语从句。此处需要what引导主语从句，作定语修饰 harm,表示“雾霾会对我们的健康造成什么样的危 害”。故填what。 11.what考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：既然鸟类能做 我们比它们更能做的事情，我们应该自己做。分析句 子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句we are much more able to do than them中缺少do的宾语，应用指 代事物的连接代词what引导。故填what。 12.how考查宾语从句。句意：如果一个地基这么大，想 象一下上面的柱子会有多雄伟多高。分析句子结构可 知，grand and tall the column above would be是宾语 从句，从句为感叹句，空处填词修饰形容词“grand and tall”,应用how来修饰。故填how。 13.that考查同位语从句。句意：人们普遍认为，将来会 有更多的中国人在太空过春节。此处为连接词引导的 同位语从句，解释说明belief的内容，从句不缺少成 分，句意完整，所以使用连接词that。故填that。 14.what考查表语从句。句意：在中国传统文化中，老虎 代表力量和活力。设空处引导表语从句，从句连接词 在从句中作主语，表示“代表力量和活力的动物”，应用 连接代词what引导该表语从句。故填what。 15.how考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：经过半年的学 习，他终于学会了古代装订是如何操作的。引导 learned的宾语从句，结合句意可知，空处应用表示方 式的连接副词how。故填how。 Ⅲ. 1.so that 2.Even if/Even though we have different hobbies 3.It was because it snowed heavily that 4.so that we can learn its language well 5.Inspired by her not to acknowledge defeat easily when I encounter difficulties 6.Though she works long hours daily 7.such a must-see place that you'll fall in love with it 8.As long as there are festivals complain less 第二篇 第一章 阅读理解解题策略与训练 阅读理解专练 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了13岁 男孩蒂姆的社区服务事迹。 l.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Tim wanted to help children in their community to have more chances to read books.He started Saving Books Program.Its goal was to collect books for the local library.”可知，Saving Books Program的目标是为当地图书馆收集书籍。故 选D。 2.D细节理解题。根据第四段中的“His program has inspired (other kids to do more service for their own community.”可知，Saving Books Program激励其 他孩子为自己的社区做更多的服务。故选D。 —11 直通车·英语 3.C推理判断题。根据第五段“Joe,the librarian, knows how much Tim cares about community service. 'In third grade,Tim started Smile Mail.It's a program in which kids send cheerful gifts to the old.It's still going strong.He is warm-hearted,'Joe said.”可知，Joe 提到Smile Mail是为了赞扬Tim的善良。故选C。 B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了雄安商务 服务中心的太阳能板项目。 4.A细节理解题。根据这一段中的“On top of the center's six buildings,there are about 28,400 solar panels(太阳能板).”可知，该中心的六栋建筑顶部共有 约28400块太阳能板。故选A。 5.B段落大意题。分析第三段内容可知，本段主要介绍 这个项目对环境和经济都有益处，故选B。 6.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The purpose of the two new projects is to further cut pollution.”可知， 这两个新项目的目的是进一步减少污染。故选A。 7.B推理判断题。本文介绍了雄安商务服务中心的太阳 能板项目，所以推测可能在报纸上看到这篇文章，故 选B。 C 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要提供了一些 处理愤怒情绪的建议。首先，当感到愤怒时，应接受这种 情绪并认识到它仅代表观点不同，并非绝对的好坏对错。 其次，建议通过深呼吸来释放愤怒，避免在极度愤怒时说 出伤人的话。此外，与第三方讨论有助于双方理解对方立 场。最后，文章强调愤怒是人类众多情感之一，妥善管理 愤怒有助于我们更好地理解世界。 8.B细节理解题。根据第二段“the final purpose is not to decide who is right and who is wrong,but to look for something in common.”(最终目的不是决定谁对谁错， 而是寻找共同点。)可知，最终目的不是决定谁对谁错， 而是寻找共同之处。故选B。 9.B细节理解题。根据第三段“If you still feel strong anger,try taking a deep breath (and let anger out of your body along with the breath..”(如果你仍然感到 强烈的愤怒，试着深呼吸，让愤怒随着呼吸排出体外。) 可知，应该要深呼吸，故选B。 l0.C词义猜测题。根据第四段“but the idea of an outsider can help both parties to get mutual(相互的) understanding..”(但是局外人的想法可以帮助双方获得 相互理解。)可知，局外人的想法可以帮助双方获得相互 理解，所以这里指的是第三方人，故选C。 l1.A主旨大意题。根据第一段“If you get angry many times in a day,it is time for you to think about how to deal with it.Here are some of my suggestions.”(如果你 一天内多次生气，那你就该想想怎么处理了。以下是我 的一些建议。)以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了如何 处理生气这种情绪。故选A。 D 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人们 入睡的主要原因是身体内部的生物钟，以及如何控制和利 用生物钟。 6 参考 l2.C根据第一段中的“Jumping into the shower around an hour before bed could mean you sleep better." 前一小时左右冲个澡可能会让你睡得更好。)可知，科 学家们建议“睡觉前冲个澡”，故选C。 l3.A根据第二段中的“This encourages you to fall asleep more quickly”(这会让你更快入睡)可知，sleep more soundly表达的意思是“睡得更香/更深/更好”等 含义，四个选项中只有A选项，意思符合；sleep soundly意思是“沉睡，酣睡”，与sleep deeply的意思相 近。故选A。 l4.B根据第三段中的“A study in20l9 said that a water temperature of40℃to42.4℃produces the best- quality(最优质的)sleep.”(20l9年的一项研究表明， 40℃至42℃的水温能产生最好的睡眠质量。)可知， 水温要在40°42.4°之间：4个选项中，41.5℃的水温 刚好在这个区间范围。故选B。 15.D通读全文，本文主要介绍了在睡觉前一小时左右 洗一个热水澡能帮助人们睡觉，与健康有关，所以最可 能在报纸的“健康”版面看到这篇文章，故选D。 第二章七选五解题策略与训练 七选五专练 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何 开始自我发现之旅。 l.B根据“People make long journeys to different countries'”可知，人们长途跋涉到不同的国家，选项B “有些人甚至可以进入太空。”符合语境。故选B。 2.A根据“Find out your most valuable ability..”以及 “This will help you know yourself better.”可知，找出 你最有价值的能力，选项A“你需要找出答案”符合语 境。故选A。 3.G根据“You can do some outdoor activities you are afraid of.”可知，你可以做一些你害怕的户外活动，选 G“例如，你可以出去攀岩”符合语境。故选G。 4.D根据“When you are in a different place where people share different thoughts,you may have a chance to rethink about what you always believe.”可知，当你 身处一个不同的地方，人们有着不同的想法时，你可能 有机会重新思考你一直相信的东西，选项D“把时间花 在新的环境中”符合语境。故选D。 5.F根据“As you go through life,many experiences can change you,and this helps you grow..”可知，在你的 生中，许多经历都会改变你，这有助于你成长，所以自 我发现之旅是一生的任务，选项F“事实上，自我发现 之旅是一项终身任务”符合语境。故选F。 B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学 家们创造的一种水下机器人，它能够识别海底的不同种类 的污染。 l.G根据后文“It can also give them a chance to remove the things that can cause the most harm to the environment..”可知，此句提到机器人能给清洁团队一 个机会去移除对环境有害的东西，由此可推出此处是说 机器人能帮助清洁团队找到垃圾，选项G“机器人将帮 助清洁团队找到垃圾”符合语境。故选G。 11 答案 2.D根据后文“First,the robot swam up and down in rows at about six feet above the lake bed,collecting information with the special cameras.Then a computer turned the information into a map.,.”可知，此处详细描 述机器人在湖里进行测试的过程，选项D“研究人员在 一个湖里对他们的工作进行了测试”符合语境。故 选D。 3.A根据前文“There's too much rubbish,’a member of the Skarv Technologies team told New Scientist." 知，此处提到湖里有太多垃圾，由此可推出此处会说湖 里垃圾的具体数量，选项A“湖里大约有165到300吨 垃圾”符合语境。故选A。 4.C根据前文“It is not always possible for clean-up teams to remove all the rubbish they find underwater, besides..”可知，清洁团队不可能移除水下发现的所有 垃圾，除此之外，还有更重要的东西要清理，选项C“有 更重要的东西要清理”符合语境。故选C。 5.F根据前文“‘Glass isn't really polluting,’said Fossum,”以及后文“Instead,.you should pay more attention to the things that are putting heavy metals into the environment..”可知，Fossum说玻璃不是真正 的污染，相反应该更关注那些把重金属排入环境中的东 西，由此可推出此处是说如果知道某个区域有很多玻 璃，那么可以忽略它，选项F“你可能可以忽略它”符合 语境。故选F。 C 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何 远离电子设备、亲近大自然。 l.B根据空前的“Go outside and sit down in your own front yard or backyard.(走到外面，坐在你自己的前院 或后院。)”可知，此处建议走出去，在自己家的前院或者 后院坐坐，B选项“If you live in the city,head for a local park or natural area.(如果你住在城市，去当地的公园 或自然区域。)”讲述的内容与空前的go outside内容相 关，结合空后的“Bring a notebook with you and write down what you see,smell,hear and feel..(随身携带一 个笔记本，写下你所看到的、闻到的、听到的和感觉到 的。)”可知，出去的时候带着一个笔记本，做一下记录， 上下文衔接。故选B。 2.D根据空前的“Observe the temperature and weather and the patterns of any animals nearby..(观察周围的温 度、天气和动物的习性。)”可知，此处建议观察周围的与 大自然相关的一些情况，D选项“Observe the sky and the ground and observe everything around you..(观察天 空和地面，观察你周围的一切。)”讲述的是观察周围的 一切，与空前的内容吻合，且空后的“Write down your observations in as many details as possible.(尽可能详 细地写下你的观察结果。)”与D选项讲述的内容衔接， 符合语境。故选D。 3.A根据空前的“Try to stay disconnected from any electronics that you do not absolutely need to be using once you get home..(当你回到家后，尽量远离那些你不 需要使用的电子设备。)”可知，此处建议回家后远离不 需要使用的电子设备，由此可推断，此空处建议回家后 应做些什么，A选项“Make yourself a cup of herbal tea and read a book if you'd like.(给自己泡一杯花草茶，如初高中衔接直通车·英语 第二篇 初高能力衔接 第一章阅读理解解题策略与训练 衔接目标导引C3包 ◆◆◆ 阅读理解是中学阶段考查学生英语综合：文信息表达方式不一致等诸多变化，这就要 能力的一个重要题型。在初中阶段这一题型： 求学生学会快速捕捉文章信息，具备一定的 所设问题比较直接，基本上读懂了阅读材料 阅读技巧。新高考阅读理解题共两节，加上 就能做对题目，通常以选择、判断正误和任务 七选五，文章共5篇，以选择题形式呈现，满 型阅读三种方式呈现。 分50分，题型主要包括主旨大意题、细节理 高中阶段词汇量明显增加，所设题答案 解题、词义猜测题、推理判断题和上下文衔接 有的需要跨段搜集信息，题目设置可能会有 顺序与全文行文顺序不一致，题目信息与原 题等类型。 初中要点回顾C。 ◆◆● 一、初中阅读理解试题特点 (一)通读全文，掌握大意 1.就题材而言，阅读理解短文内容广泛，有哲 一般来说，当我们看到阅读题的时候，一 理故事、科普环保、广告新闻、常识介绍等。 定要先粗略看一下，大体明白文章大意。争 这些短文都贴近考生的生活，具有较强的 取用很少的时间，运用略读、扫读、跳读等技 时代性、思想性和教育性。 巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、 2.从考查的具体内容来看，有细节理解题、推 顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络， 理判断题、简单计算题、词义猜测题、归纳 把握语篇实质。 概括题以及主旨大意题等。 (二)明确问题，高效阅读 二、阅读理解解题技巧 对于看不懂的文章，最好先看题干以及各 阅读理解是中考必考题型，也是提分的 个选项所包含的信息，然后带着这些问题去原 关键题型，因此我们要掌握一定的技巧才能 文中找到相关的考点，从而可以高效率地阅读 取得更好的成绩。 文章，获取有效信息，找出正确的答案。 64 第二篇初高能力衔接 (三)加强训练，积累提升 Which of the following is NOT mentioned? 平时要加大阅读量的训练，多接触各种 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? 体裁的阅读资料，特别要注意社会热点以及 2.主旨归纳题 近期发生的重大新闻等，这样经过强化训练 考查读者对文章中心思想的理解能力。 和日常的积累必将达到阅读能力的飞跃 这类题常见的命题方式有： 提升。 What's the main idea/subject of this (四)注意阅读速度的提高 passage? Which is the best title for the passage? 一般来说，中考时考试时间是有限的，这 The main point of the passage is... 就要求考生尽量用最短的时间完成阅读理解 This passage tells us that... 题，以便留出足够的时间仔细检查和甄别答 This passage mainly talks about... 案，因此在平时一定要注意阅读速度的训练。 3.词义猜测题 考查根据上下文猜测生词和短语含义的 在做题之前，先给自己规定好时间，在规定的 能力。 时间内完成任务。只有这样，才能逐渐提高 这类题常见的命题方式有： 阅读速度。 The word/phrase“ ”in the (五)树立信心 passage probably means The underlined word/phrase ”in 大部分考生对阅读理解题感到头痛，做 the passage refers to 题时总会产生畏惧的心理。所以在平时一定 Here“ ”means 要扩大词汇和词组的积累，加大阅读量的训 4.推理判断题 练，提高阅读速度，树立信心。 这类题要求学生能够根据文章提供的具体 (六)分析所设问题的种类，按类别做处理 事实，经过思考分析，概括出文章的中心思 想，或推断出文章中没有加以阐述的观点 1.细节理解题 或结论。 考查把握文章事实和细节的能力。此类题 这类题常见的命题方式有： 型的问题以what,who,which,when, We can guess the writer of the letter may where,how或者why等疑问词引导，就文 be a 中某句、某段或某一具体细节进行提问并 We can infer from the text that From the story we can guess 要求学生回答。 What would happen if...? 这类题常见的命题方式有： From the passage we've learned that it's Which of the following is RIGHT? very to know something about... 65 初高中衔接直通车·英语 5.意图、态度题 How did the writer feel at...? 这类题要求学生不仅要看懂文章，还要从 The writer writes this text to 字里行间体会作者的意图和情绪。 The writer believes that 这类题常见的命题方式有： The writer suggests that 高中考点对接63。 高中阅读理解部分要求考生读懂书、报、： 2.细节理解题 杂志、网络中关于一般性话题的短文以及公 一般只针对某个特定的细节，有时也可能 告、说明、广告（生词量不超过3%）等，并能 涉及若干个细节，或针对文章的主要事实， 从中获取相关信息。 或利用图片等来设置选项。 我们应做到： 3.猜测词义题 (1)理解主旨和要义； 推测词义的方法主要有以下几种： (2)理解文中具体信息； (1)根据定义或解释推测； (3)根据上下文推断生词的词义； (2)根据同义、反义、同位关系推测； (4)做出判断和推理； (3)根据因果关系推测。因此，设置推测词 (5)理解文章的基本结构； (6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。 义题目也通常从这几个方面入手。 一、测试特点 4.推理判断题 既考查阅读速度，又考查多种语言运用 推理和判断是很重要的阅读技能，要求学 能力，要求我们在限定的时间内阅读文章，领 生能够理解文章中某些语句的言外之意。 悟文章意图，捕捉文中信息并找出题目答案。 常见的推断方式有五种： 题目设置易、中、难题，以中等难度试题居多。 (1)依据数据推断； 阅读理解不仅检测我们理解、概括、推理等逻 (2)依据事实推断； 辑思维的精确性、深刻性和敏捷性，而且检验 (3)依据语气推断； 我们的心理素质。 (4)依据细节推断； 二、题型设计 (5)依据全文内容推断。 高中阅读理解题在设计上从题干到选项 5.文章结构题 都具有灵活巧妙、含蓄隐蔽等特点，我们必须 就文章结构、文脉，句与句，段与段之间的 在明确题意、排除干扰、找出依据的前提下， 经过深刻思考才能定夺答案。题型主要有 逻辑关系拟题。 六类： 6.作者意图题 1.主旨大意题 (1)根据文章整体内容拟题（如写作意图）； 就段落或短文的主题(theme or topic)、主 (2)根据文章细节内容拟题（如作者的观 旨要义(main idea)、标题(title)等拟题。 点、态度)。 66 第二篇初高能力衔接 阅读理解专练G包 A 1.What is the goal of Saving Books Program? Tim,a 13-year-old boy,got his idea A.To find out where books go. from a TV show.It was about saving books B.To send books to the people around. for the community library. C.To teach people how to read books. Tim wanted to help children in their D.To collect books for the local library. community to have more chances to read 2.What has Saving Books Program inspired books.He started Saving Books Program.Its other kids to do? goal was to collect books for the local A.Become librarians. library.Tim went from door to door to get B.Get better grades. books from the people around.He ended up C.Write children's books. collecting 260 books.All the books went to D.Do more community service the library."I love to see where the books 3.Why does Joe mention Smile Mail? go,and how people are enjoying them," A.To show kids'love for gifts. Tim said. B.To give advice to the old. With the help of his sister,Tim made C.To praise Tim for his kindness. the program a success.They put up posters D.To explain the value of smile. (海报)to spread the word:saving books for B the local library. Have you ever visited Xiong'an Now,Tim is in seventh grade.He has Business Service Center?Do you know taken the program a step further.He helps anything special about it?On top of the in the library when he is free at weekends. center's six buildings,there are about 28, His program has inspired(激励)other kids 400 solar panels(太阳能板).They match to do more service for their own community. perfectly with the traditional Chinese design Joe,the librarian,knows how much of the buildings.If they were put together, Tim cares about community service."In the solar panels would cover an area of 1.4 third grade,Tim started Smile Mail.It's a standard football fields.These panels now program in which kids send cheerful gifts to can produce 5%of the electricity that is the old.It's still going strong.He is warm- needed for the center. hearted,”Joe said. Using local clean energy plays an “I really like doing community service,” important role in Xiong'an New Area's Tim said..“I'm proud of what I have done..” progress.Solar panels which cover some 67 初高中衔接直通车·英语 buildings are used to provide electricity in 6.What is the purpose of the two new the area.In the future,the solar panel projects? project will produce more electricity.The A.To cut pollution. electricity will first be used by companies in B.To plant more trees. C.To use more energy. the area,and the rest will be shared. D.To produce electricity. The solar panel project is good for the 7.Where is the text most probably from? environment and economy(经济).It not A.A diary. B.A newspaper. only helps to reduce greenhouse gases(温室 C.A guidebook. D.A storybook. 气体)，but also lowers electricity costs for c companies in the area.The project is If you get angry many times in a day,it expected to produce nearly 3.5 million kWh is time for you to think about how to deal of electricity.This means that about 3,000 with it.Here are some of my suggestions. When you are angry,try to tell yourself tons of greenhouse gases will be avoided through another voice that you are angry and every year. that it is not a bad thing.It just shows that There are already a number of projects you have different ideas.Accept that many in the area.These projects use solar power things are not 100%right or wrong.In our and other clean energy.Two new projects communication with others,the final will be started:an energy-saving lighting purpose is not to decide who is right and project and a green heating project.The who is wrong,but to look for something in purpose of the two new projects is to further common. If you still feel strong anger,try taking cut pollution.Xiong'an New Area is on the a deep breath(呼吸)and let anger out of way to becoming a green modern city. your body along with the breath.Don't say 4.What is on top of the center's six angry words when you are very angry,for buildings? you will regret saying them when you cool A.Solar panels. down. B.Football fields. Discussing with a third party is helpful. C.A modern business office. It is hard for the two parties in anger to D.A traditional Chinese garden. understand each other,but the idea of an outsider can help both parties to get mutual 5.What is paragraph 3 mainly about? (相互的)understanding. A.The ways of saving electricity. Anger is just one of the many emotions B.The advantages of the project. (情绪)that make us human,and to well C.The effects of greenhouse gases. manage it adds to our ability to truly D.The costs of running companies. understand the world. 68 第二篇初高能力衔接 8.What is the final purpose of communication A study in 2019 said that a water with other people? temperature of40℃to42.4℃produces A.To show different ideas. the best-quality(最优质的)sleep.After B.To look for something in common. people lie down,most of them take about 20 C.To accept useful suggestions. minutes to fall asleep.However,if you have D.To decide whether one is right or not. a shower one to two hours before going to 9.What does the writer advise us to do when bed,you will fall asleep 10 minutes earlier. we can't cool down? Core body temperature drops naturally A.Say angry words. before you sleep,then drops further during B.Try taking a deep breath. the night.It rises again as you wake up.It is C.Control our voices. thought that taking a warm shower will D.Stop talking with others. lo.What does the underlined word“party” speed up the drop in temperature before in paragraph 4 mean? bed,as it brings blood to the surface of the A.An activity. B.A visitor. body,and then the heat is given off. C.A person. D.A meeting. 12.What did scientists suggest people do 11.What is the text mainly about? before bed to sleep better? A.How to manage anger. A.Sleep an hour earlier. B.How to show feelings. B.Jump into bed. C.How to deal with regrets. C.Have a warm shower. D.How to understand the world. D.Set a time clock. D l3.What does the underlined word“soundly” What makes you fall asleep?The main probably mean? cause is your body clock,a time-keeper A.Deeply. B.Poorly. inside your body.But how to control and use C.Kindly. D.Slowly. your body clock?Scientists suggested having 14.Which water temperature produces the a shower before bed.Jumping into the best-quality sleep according to the study? shower around an hour before bed could A.44.2℃. B.41.5℃ mean you sleep better. C.36.4℃. D.32.4℃. A warm shower helps you relax,and then after it warms you up,your core(核心) 15.In which part of a newspaper can you body temperature drops.This encourages you to find the text? fall asleep more quickly and sleep more A.Art. B.Weather. soundly. C.History. D.Health. 69