内容正文:
第一篇初高知识衔接
Ⅱ.写出下列句子后面括号中标明的成分。
5.We students should try our best.(同位
1.He bought me a ticket to Shanghai.(
语)
语)
6.Learning English is useful.(主语)
2.We should help each other.(谓语)
7.They are brother and sister.(表语)
3.You must keep it clean.(宾语补足语)
8.I often get up at 5:30 in the morning.
4.The girl under the tree is Kate.(定语)
语)
专题二
英语基本句式
一、句子种类
The future is bright;the road is tortuous.
1.按句子的用途可分四种
前途是光明的,道路是曲折的。
(1)陈述句(肯定、否定)
(3)复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句
She is six years old.
子。复合句包含:名词性从句(主语从句、
He didn't hear of you before
宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语
(2)疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意)
从句和状语从句等。
Do they like skating?
The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures
How old is he?
when they were at the Great Wall.
Is he six or seven years old?
外国游客在长城时拍了很多照片。
Mary can swim,can't she?
二、简单句的五种句型
(3)祈使句
1.主语+不及物动词(S+Vi)(主+谓)
Be careful,boys.
Birds fly in the sky.
Don't talk in class.
鸟儿在天空飞翔。
(4)感叹句
There stands a tower on the hill.
How clever the boy is!
山上有一座塔。
2.按句子的结构可分三种
(1)简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和
They were sleeping at that time.
一个谓语(或并列谓语)。
他们那时正在睡觉。
He often reads English in the morning.
只能当不及物动词的词:
Tom and Mike are American boys.
walk步行,swim游泳,sleep睡觉,laugh
She likes drawing and often draws
笑,happen/take place发生,go去,come
pictures for the wall newspapers.
来,work工作,stay待在…,arrive到达
(2)并列句:由并列连词(and,but,or等)
2.主语+及物动词+宾语(S十Vt+O)(主十
或分号把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一
谓十宾)
起构成。
He has bought a house.
You help him and he helps you.
他买了一所新房子。
你帮他,他也帮你。
He can drive a car.他会驾驶汽车。
37
初高中衔接直通车·英语
I'll be seeing you.
bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,
(与朋友等分手时说的)再见。
promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,
You may have heard the news.
write;buy,cook,choose,draw,find,get,
你也许已经听到这个消息。
make,order,sing,save,spare,explain,
They have put men on the moon.
express,introduce,suggest等。
他们已把人们送上月球。
5.主语+宾补动词十宾语+宾语补语(S+
I am going to take him home.
Vt+O+C)(主+谓+宾+宾补)
我打算带他回家。
People called him a wise.
3.主语+系动词十表(S十LV十P)(主十系十表)
人们称他为智者。
My son became a college student.
The directors elected John manager of the
我儿子成了大学生。
bank.董事们选举约翰为银行经理。
The car is expensive..这辆车价钱贵。
The jury found him guilty.
His books are on that shelf.
陪审团裁定他有罪。
他的书在那个书架上。
We considered him very capable.
She looks fine.她穿着漂亮好看。
我们认为他能千。
I shall be away three weeks.
He pronounced himself in favour of the
我将外出3周。
plan.
常用系动词:feel,taste,sound,look,seem,
他表示赞成这个计划。
appear,prove,smell,become,get,turn,go,
I saw him lying on the ground.
come,grow,remain,stay,keep,continue.
我看见他正躺在地上。
4.主语十双宾动词十间宾+直宾(S十Vt十
第4种句型和第5种句型(双宾语和复合
IO十DO)(主十谓十间宾+直宾)
宾语)的比较:
I have sent him some money.
(1)He gave me a book.(双宾语)
我已寄给他一些钱。
他给我一本书。
She told me the news about Paul.
(2)He calls me Tom.(复合宾语)
他告诉我有关保罗的消息。
他叫我汤姆。
They brought me a lot of books.
例(2)中的宾语me(我),和宾语补足语
他们带给我许多书。
Tom(汤姆),可以成为逻辑上的主谓关系,
He must get her something to eat.
即“我是汤姆”。但例(1)则不可以,不能想
他必须弄点东西给她吃。
象为“我是一本书”,所以双宾语没有逻辑
You have done me a favour.
上的主谓关系。凭这一点,我们就可以很
你帮了我一个忙。
容易地区分开它们了。
Susan taught us English.
常考宾补动词:
苏珊教我们英语。
see,watch,look at,notice,observe,listen
【注意】辨别正误:
to,hear,feel,find,make,have,get,let,
(X)I sent him it.
leave,keep...
(√)I sent it to him.我把它送给他。
There+be/stand (s)/lie (s)/live (s)/
常用双宾动词:
seem(s)/remain(s)...
38
第一篇初高知识衔接
语法要点专练C®可
I.根据句子成分和基本句型知识,选择正
10.There is a girl waiting for you downstairs.
确答案
1.She never lies.
A.定语
B.主语
A.宾语
B.谓语
C.状语
D.谓语
C.状语
D.定语
Ⅱ.判断以下句子的主干部分属于哪一种
2.It is a good job for me.
结构
A.表语
B.状语
A.主+谓
B.主十系十表
C.主+谓十
C.定语
D.主语
宾
D.主+谓+宾+宾补
E.主+谓十
3.He sat there quietly
双宾语
A.表语
B.状语
1.After about a month,I noticed some tiny
C.定语
D.主语
green shoots coming out of the cut
4.In the sentence "Every morning,I hear the
branches which eventually turned into
birds sing in the park",the underlined
full-on bright green leaves.
part is
)
2.According to a recent study led by Daniel
A.表语
B.宾语补足语
Arely,a professor of psychology at
C.间接宾语
D.直接宾语
Harvard University,Braden has ADHD,
5.“They painted the walls white.”The
a type of attention disorder,which,she
underlined(画线的)part is
says,makes her "likely to put things in
certain places and not remember where I
A.表语
B.直接宾语
put them.”
3.For Professor Li,the book is not only a
C.间接宾语
D.宾语补足语
record of the natural landscape over 1,000
6.Tell him to get on the bus at once.
years ago,but also a detailed description
(
)
of humanity and culture and a treasure for
A.状语
B.宾语
today's reference.
C.定语
D.表语
4.Its crystal-clear night skies and high
7.You should take an umbrella with you
altitude make it a natural,educational and
when you go out.
(
astronomical heritage site in the southern
A.谓语
B.表语
half of the earth.
C.宾语
D.定语
5.The sun was shining in Utrecht,the
8.The food tastes delicious.
Netherlands,when my friend Rini and I
A.主语
B.表语
set off for England by car.
C.宾语
D.状语
6.After we went into a different organization,
9.I saw her chatting with Nancy.
which had been introduced by our teacher,an
A.表语
B.定语
OIC representative gave us some details,
C.宾语
D.宾补
which somewhat interested me.
39
初高中衔接直通车·英语
7.The moment we felt ready to die,the
9.In 2017,the Ramon Crater,located in the
man,Clifford Harker,coming with his
Negev Desert in Israel,became the first
dog,told us he owned the farm we had
designated dark sky park in the Middle
passed and he would leave the way to his
East.
10.In 1916,two girls of we alt by families
farmhouse.
best friends from Au bum,N.Y.-
8.In general,they advise parents and other
Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond
adults to try to be aware of their hands
Underwood-traveled to a settlement in
when questioning a child about an event.
the Rocky Mountains to tea china one-
room schoolhouse.
专题三
动词的时态
衔接目标导引cD
◆◆◆
英语中,在不同时间以不同方式发生的动作或存在的状态,要用英语动词的不同形式来表
示,动词的这种不同形式叫作动词的时态。英语时态从时间上分,可分为现在时、过去时、将来
时和过去将来时;从方式上分,可分为一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行式。每一种时间加每
种方式,便构成一种时态。
初中考点
高中考点
·掌握过去将来时、现在完成进行时、将来完成时
·掌握一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现
·弄清常用时态间的区别
在进行时和现在完成时的构成和用法
·某些时态的特殊用法及在具体语境中的灵活
理解过去进行时、过去完成时的构成和用法
运用
初中要点回顾G3包
一、常用时态及构成
二、动词各种时态的用法
常用时态构成表(动词以work为例)
1.一般现在时
时态
肯定式
否定式
(1)一般现在时用来表示经常性、习惯性的
般现在时
work
don't/doesn't work
动作,现在的特征或状态以及客观真理和
般过去时
worked
didn't work
一般将来时
will/shall work
will/shall not work
科学事实,常与always,usually,often,
现在进行时
be working
be not working
sometimes,every day等时间状语连用。
have/has
现在完成时
have/has not worked
(2)在时间状语和条件状语从句中,如果主
worked
was/were
句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。如:
过去进行时
was/were not working
working
If it doesn't rain,we'll go out to have a picnic.
过去完成时
had worked
had not worked
如果不下雨,我们将去野餐。
40初高中衔接
专题二英语基本句式
语法要点专练
1.B本题考查句子成分。句意:她从不撒谎。画线词位
于主语后,为动词,表示主语发出的动作,在句中作谓
语,故选B。
2.D本题考查句子成分。句意:对我来说这是一份好工
作。画线词位于句首,且为人称代词,在句中作主语,故
选D。
3.B本题考查句子成分。句意:他安静地坐在那里。画
线词为副词,修饰动词sat在句中作状语,故选B。
4,B本题考查句子成分。句意:每天早上,我都听到鸟儿
在公园里唱歌。分析句子可知,画线词sing是宾语补
足语,解释说明宾语the birds,故选B。
5.D本题考查句子成分。句意:他们把墙涂成了白色。
分析句子结构可知,此处white用作宾语补足语,故
选D。
6.B本题考查句子成分。句意:告诉他马上上公交车。
tell告诉,及物动词,所以him作tell的宾语。故选B。
7.A本题考查句子成分。句意:当你出去时,你应该带
一把伞。should take在句子中作谓语,故选A。
8.B考查句子成分。句意:这种食物尝着很美味。taste
为系动词,后通常跟形容词作表语。delicious美味的,
形容词,故选B。
9.D本题考查句子成分。当宾语意思表达不完整时,需
要用补足语补充说明宾语的状态、性质等;这里画线部
分是补充说明宾语her在千什么,故选D。
10.A考查句子成分。句意:有个女孩在楼下等你。画
线waiting for you downstairs,作定语修饰限定名词
girl,故选A。
Ⅱ.
1.D考查句子结构。句意:大约一个月后,我注意到一
些绿色的小芽从剪下来的树枝上长出来,最终变成了明
亮的绿色叶子。分析可知,句子主千主语为I,noticed
为谓语,some tiny green shoots为宾语,coming out of
the cut branches为宾补。故选D。
2C考查句子结构。句意:根据哈佛大学心理学教授丹
尼尔·阿雷里最近领导的一项研究,布雷登患有注意力
缺陷多动症(ADHD),这是一种注意力障碍,她说,这让
她“有可能把东西放在某些地方,却不记得把它们放在
那里了。”分析可知,句子主千主语为Braden;has为谓
语,ADHD为宾语,故选C。
3.B考查句子结构。句意:对于李教授来说,这本书不仅
记录了一千多年前的自然景观,而且详细描述了人文和
文化,是今天参考的宝藏。分析可知,句子主千主语为
the book,is为系动词,后文not only a record of the
natural landscape over 1,000 years ago,but also a
detailed description of humanity and culture and a
treasure for today's reference为表语。故选B。
4.D考查句子结构。句意:清澈的夜空和高海拔使它成
为地球南半部的自然、教育和天文遗产。分析可知,句
子主千主语为Its crystal--clear night skies and high
altitude;make为谓语,it为宾语,a natural,.educational
and astronomical heritage site in the southern half of
the earth为宾补,故选D。
5.A考查句子结构。句意:当我和朋友里尼开车去英国
的时候,荷兰的乌得勒支阳光灿烂。分析可知,句子主
千主语为The sun;was shining为谓语,故选A。
1
直通车·英语
6.E考查句子结构。句意:在我们进入一个由老师介绍
的不同的组织后,一位OIC代表给了我们一些细节,这
让我有点感兴趣。分析可知,句子主千主语为an OIC
representative;gave为谓语,us为间接宾语,some
details为直接宾语,故选E。
7.E考查句子结构。句意:就在我们觉得快要死了的那
一刻,克利福德·哈克带着他的狗走过来,告诉我们经
过的那个农场是他的,他会离开去他的农舍的路。分析
可知,句子主千主语为the man,told为谓语,us为间接
宾语,he owned the farm为直接宾语,故选E。
8.D考查句子结构。句意:总的来说,他们建议父母和
其他成年人在询问孩子关于某件事的问题时,尽量注意
自己的手。分析可知,句子主干主语为they,advise为
谓语;parents and other adults为宾语,to try to be
aware of their hands为宾补。故选D。
9.B考查句子结构。句意:2017年,位于以色列内盖夫
沙漠的拉蒙陨石坑成为中东第一个指定的黑暗天空公
园。分析可知,句子主千主语为the Ramon Crater;
became为系动词,the first designated dark sky park in
the Middle East为表语,故选B。
10.C考查句子结构。句意:1916年,我们家最好的朋友
一多萝西·伍德拉夫和罗莎蒙德·安德伍德一从
纽约奥布姆来到落基山脉的一个定居点,住在一处只
有一间教室的茶具校舍。分析可知,句子主干主语为
Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood,traveled
为谓语,a settlement为宾语,故选C。
专题三动词的时态
语法要点专练
I.
1.puts句意:他总是把东西放在书桌抽屉里并保持整
洁。根据时间副词“always”和“keeps”可知,此处需用
一般现在时;主语是he,“put”的第三人称单数形式为
“puts”。故填puts。
2.hasn't returned句意:自从他成为一名科学家以来,他
就没有回过家乡。根据“since'”可知句子用现在完成时,
主语是He,助动词用has,和not缩写为hasn't,return
的过去分词是returned。.故填hasn't returned。
3.s句意:不仅玛丽,还有杰克也在认真听报告,因为他
们都对它非常感兴趣。根据“because they are both
interested in it very much..”和“listening to the report
carefully'”可知,前半句时态为现在进行时,结构为am/
is/are listening。当“not only.,but also..”连接并列
主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由离其最近的主语决
定,即适用于“就近一致”,句中离空处最近的主语是
“Jack”,所以be动词用is。故填is。
4.have句意:你明天打算去哪里吃午饭?be going to是
一般将来时的结构,其后要接动词原形。故填have。
5.stole句意:那个小偷刚才从商店偷走了三块名表。
steal“偷”,动词;根据“just now'”可知,事情发生在过去,
时态是一般过去时,谓语动词要用过去式。故填stole。
6.planning句意:我们正在计划一次登山旅行。根据
“We are..a trip to the mountains..”及提示词可知,are
表明时态为现在进行时,其结构为“be十现在分词”,
plan的现在分词是planning。故填planning。
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