第03讲（译林版必修第三册）单词、短语、重点易考单词变形+词义辨析（复习讲义）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦必修三四个单元核心词汇、阅读词汇及核心短语，覆盖环保、自然灾害等高考热点话题，按“问题-原因-措施-结果”逻辑链串联考点，通过考情透视、知识导图、考点突破、真题演练四环节，帮助学生系统构建词汇网络，突破语法填空、阅读等题型难点。 资料以高考命题规律为导向，采用“短文故事识记”“速效练笔”等活动设计，结合高频词考情分析培养思维品质，通过分层练习提升语言能力。其逻辑化知识架构和真题实战训练，能帮助学生高效掌握词汇变形、短语辨析等应试技巧，为教师把控复习节奏提供精准指导。

第03讲 必修第三册 词汇考点 目录 2 5 7 考点一 unit 1~unit 4 核心词汇 7 知识点1 核心单词知变形 8 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 15 考点二 unit 1~unit 4 阅读词汇 19 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 19 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 22 21 一、 真题实战 26 二、 命题演练 29 单元 核心词汇 阅读词汇 Unit 1 Nature in the balance harm, impact, process, profit, recycle, track, damage, extinction, protest, mass, towering, region, former, further, survive, appear, apply, organize, absolute, entire, defend, economy, official, poison, chemical, consequent ecosystem, biodiversity, hardwood, mammal, microorganism, nutrient, brochure, habitat, nowhere, overseas, jaguar, water lily, Brazil nut, shark, belt Unit 2 Natural disasters disaster, crash, flood, injure, rescue, signal, erupt, import, export, otherwise, curious, distant, pattern, column, sharp, bear, beyond, document, destination, otherwise county, Roman, volcano, trunk, unbearable, ashy, cloud-capped, dawn, dusk, downstairs, honey, port, tourist destination Unit 3 The world online access, accessible, majority, deliver, delivery, arrangement, instant, instantly, aware, awareness, technical, upload, download, entertainment, addict, addicted, addictive, appreciate, appreciation, remove, sort, request, lack, belong, obvious, obviously, scare, scary, extent, billion, affair, goods, cash, military, button, webcam, emoji, recipe, drag, update, download, upload, privacy, security, data, digital billion, affair, goods, cash, military, button, webcam, emoji, extent, recipe, obviously, entertainment, webcam, digital, data, privacy, security, update, download, upload Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world award, survive, survival, survivor, broad, intend, intention, experiment, limit, limited, sufficient, wisdom, wise, illustrate, surround, indicate, intelligent, favour, scientific, moral, apply, application, permit, permission, responsibility, evolve, deadly, trial, error, ignorance, physicist, theory province, malaria, Nobel Prize, quantum, theory, experiment, trial, error, evolution, ignorance, surrounding, surroundings, republic, moral, scientific, wisdom, intelligent Unit 1：Lights, camera, actions! 核心词汇考情： harm：环保类阅读高频词（2024全国甲卷C篇）；语法填空常考 harmful / harmless 词性转换。 impact：科技环保类阅读核心信号词（2023新高考Ⅰ卷D篇、2025新高考Ⅰ卷C篇）；常与 have an impact on 搭配，语法填空考 impactful。 process：阅读中表“过程/流程”出现频率极高（2023全国乙卷七选五）；完形中常与 in the process of 搭配。 profit：环保与经济类话题完形高频（2024全国甲卷）；常考 profit from 和 profitable。 recycle：环保类阅读必考（2023新高考Ⅱ卷C篇、2025浙江卷）；语法填空考 recycling / recyclable。 survive：生物多样性话题核心动词（2024新高考Ⅰ卷D篇）；语法填空高频考 survival / survivor。 apply：科技文高频（2025新高考Ⅰ卷D篇）；语法填空常考 application / applicant。 track：阅读中表“追踪、跟踪”（2025新高考Ⅰ卷C篇）；写作中 track one‘s progress 为高分表达。 阅读词汇考情 ecosystem / biodiversity：环保类阅读（2023—2025年多卷）中几乎必考，属于话题核心名词。 habitat：生物类阅读高频（2024新高考Ⅰ卷D篇），常与 endangered 共现。 overseas：文化交流与全球议题类阅读高频（2025新高考Ⅰ卷）；常考 overseas market / students。 region：地理环境类阅读必考；语法填空考 regional 命题趋势： 生态环境是2023—2025年高考英语的持续热点（2023新高考Ⅱ卷C篇“塑料回收”、2024新高考Ⅰ卷D篇“生物多样性”、2025新高考Ⅰ卷C篇“气候变化影响”）。建议按“问题（damage/extinction）→原因（impact/process）→措施（recycle/protect）→结果（survival/benefit）”的逻辑链串联记忆。语法填空重点掌握 harm/harmful/harmless、survive/survival/survivor、apply/application/applicant、organize/organization 等词性转换 Unit 2 Natural disasters 核心词汇考情： disaster：自然灾害话题核心名词，阅读和完形高频；常与 natural 搭配。 flood：完形中既可作名词也可作动词；常考 a flood of（大量）、flood in / into。 injure / injury：灾难报道类阅读高频；语法填空考 injured。 rescue：灾难话题核心动词；常考 rescue...from...、come/go to one's rescue。 erupt / eruption：自然灾害类阅读高频词。 affect：灾难类阅读高频动词；语法填空考 effect / effective。 destroy：灾难报道类阅读高频；与 damage / ruin 近义辨析。 curious / curiosity：七选五心理描写高频。 阅读词汇考情： volcano / eruption：自然灾害类阅读必考话题词。 dawn / dusk：时间描写类阅读高频（2023新高考Ⅱ卷B篇）；常考 at dawn / at dusk / from dawn till dusk。 destination：旅游类应用文阅读高频（2024新高考Ⅰ卷A篇）；tourist destination 为常用搭配。 otherwise：阅读逻辑信号词，表“否则；除此以外” 命题趋势： 自然灾害与灾难防范是高考常考话题。试题常围绕“灾害发生→造成伤害→救援行动→灾后重建”的逻辑链展开。语法填空重点掌握 injure/injury/injured、curious/curiosity/curiously、erupt/eruption、affect/effect/effective 等词性转换。重点短语：break out（爆发）、a flood of（大量）、in the distance（在远处）。 Unit 3： The world online 核心词汇考情： access / accessible：科技与网络话题绝对高频词。2024年全国甲卷语法填空出现“Students in our school have access to the library all day”；2023年新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空改编中出现“The information on the website is accessible to everyone for free”。 aware / awareness：阅读中表“意识到”；常考 be aware of。 appreciate / appreciation：应用文（感谢信）写作高频；完形中常考 appreciate doing。 addict / addicted / addictive：网络成瘾话题核心词。 deliver / delivery：科技与商务类阅读高频；常考 deliver a speech / deliver goods。 instant / instantly：七选五和完形中表“立即的”。 阅读词汇考情： digital / data / privacy / security：数字生活与网络安全类阅读高频。 entertainment：网络媒体类阅读高频。 goods / cash：网络购物与电子商务话题阅读高频。 命题趋势： 网络与数字生活是近年高考热门话题。2025年全国一卷语法填空语篇介绍围棋主题艺术展，融合传统文化、人工智能与当代艺术。本单元短语高频考查：be aware of（意识到）、have access to（可使用）、sort out（整理）、belong to（属于）。语法填空重点掌握 access/accessible、aware/awareness、addict/addicted/addictive 等词性转换。 Unit 4： Scientists who changed the world 核心词汇考情： award：人物介绍类阅读高频。2021年全国甲卷阅读理解中出现“Take a view, the Landscape Photographer of the Year Award”。 survive / survival / survivor：科学人物传记类阅读必考；语法填空高频考三词转换。 experiment：科学类阅读绝对核心词；常考 do / carry out an experiment。 limit / limited / limitation：科技文阅读高频。 apply / application：科学类阅读高频；常考 apply to / apply for。 permit / permission：完形和语法填空高频；常考 ask for permission。 responsibility / responsible：科学家精神类阅读高频。 evolve / evolution：科学类阅读核心词。 阅读词汇考情： Nobel Prize / physicist / quantum / theory：科学人物传记类阅读高频识记词。 trial and error：科学探索类阅读高频短语；常考 through trial and error。 moral / scientific / wisdom / intelligent：科学家精神与品质描述类阅读高频形容词。 命题趋势： 科学家与科学精神是高考持续热点。2025年全国一卷阅读D篇聚焦微塑料污染；2025年全国二卷阅读D篇通过餐馆将食材边角料加工成美味佳肴的案例，阐释节约食物和物尽其用的可持续发展理念。试题选材关注全球性议题，引导学生从人类命运共同体的视角深入思考问题。本单元短语高频考查：thanks to（多亏）、speed up（加速）、pay off（成功）、make contributions to（做出贡献）、put forward（提出）。语法填空重点掌握 survive/survival/survivor、broad/broaden/breadth、intend/intention/intentional、apply/application/applicant 等词性转换。 考点一 unit 1-unit 4 核心词汇 知识点1 核心单词知变形 【高考导航】 1. (2026·全国Ⅰ卷阅读C篇) They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. 它们提供树荫，降低地表温度，吸收大量的空气中的碳，去除微小的污染物，并为野生动物提供栖息地，同时也带来纯粹的美感。 2. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读B篇) When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. 当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。 3. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读A篇)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive  resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. 栖息地恢复团队的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊与山谷间的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 4. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读A篇) As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems  with transportation – which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. 随着世界竞相实现全面脱碳，交通运输面临着特殊的问题——它约占我们能源相关温室气体排放量的四分之一。 5. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读B篇) Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? 为什么某些植物能够捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类能够食用致癌化学物质？ 6. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D篇) With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application. 随着技术的进步，人们可以借助移动应用程序轻松地观察不同物种。 7. (2026·新高考Ⅱ卷阅读C篇) But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location. 但海拔必然是相对的：只有选择了参照点，我们才能用数字表示物体或地点的高度。 Unit 1 1.harm n.& vt.伤害,损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 2.region n.地区,区域;行政区→regional adj.地区的 3.length n.长,长度;时间的长短;篇幅,(电影)片长→lengthen vt.& vi.(使)变长;延长→long adj.长的;长期的;长久的 v.渴望→lengthy adj.漫长的;(讲话、文章等)冗长的 4.variety n.不同种类;变化,多样性;变种,变体→vary v.变化→various adj.多种多样的 5.living adj.活着的,活的;在使用的 n.生计,谋生;生活方式→live v.活着 adj.活的;实况转播的;现场表演的→lively adj.活泼的 6.survive vi.生存,存活 vt.幸存,幸免于难→survival n.幸存→survivor n.幸存者 7.disappear vi.不复存在,灭绝,消亡;消失;失踪→disappearance n.消失→[反义词] appear vi.出现 8.agriculture n.农业,农学→agricultural adj.农业的 9.extinction n.灭绝,绝种→extinct adj.灭绝的,绝种的 10.global adj.全球的;全面的→globe n.球体 11.application n.应用,运用;申请→apply v.申请;应用→applicant n.申请人 12.organization n.组织,团体;组织工作;安排;条理→organize vt.组织→organizer n.组织者 13.absolutely adv.绝对地,完全地;极其→absolute adj.绝对的,完全的 14.entirely adv.完全地,全部地,完整地→entire adj.完全的,全部的 15.profit n.利润,收益;好处 vi.& vt.获益,得到好处→profitable adj.有利润的,盈利的 16.defence n.辩护;防御,保护;防御物;国防;防守→defend vt.保护→defensive adj.防御的;保卫的;保护的 17.economic adj.经济的,经济上的;可赚钱的→economical adj.节约的;经济的→economist n.经济学家→economics n.经济学→economy n.经济 18.recycle vt.回收利用,再利用→recyclable adj.可再循环的;可回收利用的 19.poison vt.污染;毒死,毒害 n.毒物,毒药→poisonous adj.有毒的 20.chemical n.化学制品 adj.化学的;化学作用的→chemistry n.化学→chemist n.化学家;药剂师 21.further adj.更多的,更进一步的 adv.较远,更远;进一步 vt.促进,增进→far adj.& adv.远的/地→furthest/farthest adj.& adv.最远的/地 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Many people mistakenly believe that exposure to this substance is __________, but scientists have confirmed it is completely __________ to humans, causing no __________ at all. (harm) 2. To meet the required __________ of the essay, she decided to __________ her argument, though the teacher warned against making it too __________. (length) 3. The reasons for the decline are __________ and reflect a wide __________ of factors, which __________ from region to region. (variety) 4. The __________ legend, who has __________ in the mountains for years, loves telling __________ stories around the campfire. (live) 5. Only a few __________ managed to escape the burning building, and their incredible tales of __________ showed how they had to __________ on limited supplies. (survive) 6. After the magician’s assistant seemed to __________ into thin air, her unexplained __________ was soon followed by a miraculous __________ at the back of the hall. (disappear) 7. Conservationists are fighting to save animals on the brink of __________, as once a species becomes __________, it is gone forever. (extinct) 8. All __________ are required to submit their __________ forms online and demonstrate how they can __________ their skills to the job. (application) 9. The international __________ was set up to __________ relief operations, and its chief __________ is a well-known humanitarian. (organization) 10. The experiment requires __________ accuracy; the results must be __________ precise. (absolute) 11. He devoted his __________ career to the research, and his commitment was __________ admirable. (entire) 12. The non-profit organization does not aim to make a __________, yet it runs in a very __________ way. (profit) 13. The country’s __________ budget was increased to __________ against potential threats, and they built a series of __________ barriers along the border. (defence) 14. The severe __________ downturn affected the global __________, and many prominent __________ suggest that we must adopt more __________ lifestyles. (economy) 15. After driving __________ into the desert than planned, they needed to __________ their journey to the __________ oasis. (far) Unit 2 1.injure vt.伤害,使受伤;损害→ injury n.伤害;损伤→injured adj.受伤的 2.reaction n.反应,回应;抗拒;化学反应→react vi.反应,回应 3.confirm vt.证实,确认;使确信;批准→confirmation n.证实,证明 4.relief n.宽慰,轻松;减轻,消除;救济→relieve vt.解除,减轻 5.destructive adj.引起破坏 (或毁灭)的,破坏(或毁灭)性的→destructively adv.毁灭性地→destruction n.破坏;毁灭→destroy v.破坏;毁灭 6.inform vt.了解,熟悉;通知→information n.信息→informed adj.有学问的;有见识的 7.shock n.震惊,惊愕;剧烈震动 vt.使震惊→shocking adj.非常糟糕的;令人震惊的→shocked adj.震惊的 8.scare vt.& vi.惊吓,害怕n.恐慌;惊吓→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的;吓人的 9.power n.电,电力;权力;政权;控制力;能力;能量;力量v.激励;给…提供动力→[反义词]powerless adj.无力的;无能的→powerful adj.有影响力的 10.donate vt.捐赠,赠送;献(血)→donation n.捐赠物,捐赠→donor n.捐赠者 11.curious adj.好奇的;奇特的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n.好奇心 12.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;突然发生→eruption n.突然发生;(火山)爆发 13.unbearable adj.难耐的,无法忍受的→[反义词] bearable adj.可忍受的→bear vt.忍受n.熊 14.distance n.遥远,久远;距离;差异;疏远→distant adj.遥远的;疏远的;冷淡的;远亲的 15.rescue n.& vt.救援,营救,抢救→rescuer n.救助者 16.sharp adj.灵敏的;锋利的;急剧的;明显的;尖锐的;强烈的→sharpen vt.& vi.(使…)变得锋利→sharply adv.猛烈地;急剧地;大幅度地 17.locate vt.找出…的准确位置;把…安置在(或建造于)→location n.地方;地点 18.retire vi.& vt.退休,退职→retirement n.退休→retired adj.退休的 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Despite the severe __________ to his spine, the __________ soldier refused to leave the battlefield. (injure) 2. The audience's immediate __________ was positive, causing them to __________ with thunderous applause. (react) 3. The manager demanded written __________ to __________ that the payment had been processed. (confirm) 4. It was a great __________ to finally __________ the stress after the demanding exam. (relief) 5. The hurricane proved so __________ that it caused widespread __________ and nearly __________ the entire coastal town. (destructive) 6. Having been fully __________ of the deadline, the well-__________ committee made a wise decision based on accurate __________. (inform) 7. Had they been aware of the __________ truth, they would not have been so __________ by the announcement, but the sudden __________ left everyone speechless. (shock) 8. The __________ movie gave her such a __________ that she remained __________ for hours, unable to move. (scare) 9. Although he held great __________, he felt utterly __________ against the board's decision, while his speech remained __________ and inspiring. (power) 10. The blood __________ saved three lives, and the generous __________ who __________ it wished to remain anonymous. (donate) 11. Driven by __________, the child __________ peeked into the mysterious room, her __________ eyes wide with wonder. (curious) 12. The violent __________ of the long-dormant volcano forced thousands to flee, and experts warned it might __________ again soon. (erupt) 13. The silence became __________, but with soft music it grew more __________, and she could finally __________ the loneliness. (bear) Unit 3 1.comic n.连环漫画;喜剧演员 adj.滑稽的;喜剧的→comedy n.喜剧→comedian n.喜剧演员 2.access n.机会,权利;入径,通道 vt.到达,进入,使用→accessible adj.可使用的;可进入的;易接近的 3.majority n.大部分,大多数;多数票→major adj.主要的;多数的n.主修课程vi.主修 4.commerce n.商务,商业,贸易→commercial adj.商业化的;赢利的→commercialize v.商业化 5.deliver vt.递送,传送;发表,宣布;交出→delivery n.递送;分娩 6.arrangement n.安排;布置;约定;排列→arrange vt. & vi.整理,布置;安排,筹备 7.establish vt.建立(关系或联系);设立;确立;使得到认可;查实,确定→establishment n.机构;建立→established adj.已确立的;已获确认的;确定的 8.aware adj.知道,意识到;察觉到,发觉;有…意识的→awareness n.意识;知道;认识→[反义词]unaware adj.不知道,没意识到;未察觉到 9.remove vt.删除;移走;开除→removal n.移除;消除;清除;解职 10.belong vi.应在(某处);能适应→belongings n.所有物;财产 11.technical adj.技术的,技能的;专门技术的;专业的→technically adv.技术上地→technique n.技术;技能 12.entertainment n.娱乐活动;招待,娱乐→entertain vt.& vi.招待;款待→entertaining adj.使人愉快的,有趣的 13.addict n.对…入迷的人;瘾君子→addicted adj.对…着迷的→addiction n.上瘾;着迷;嗜好→addictive adj.使人上瘾的;使人入迷的 14.appreciate vt.欣赏,赏识;感谢;理解,意识到→appreciation n.感激;欣赏;理解→appreciative adj.感激的;欣赏的 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The __________ book series was adapted into a hit __________, and the leading __________ won numerous awards. (comic) 2. The database provides easy __________ to thousands of journals, and its user-friendly interface makes it __________ even for non-experts to __________ the files. (access) 3. The overwhelming __________ decided to choose a __________ in economics, believing it would give them a __________ advantage. (major) 4. E-__________ has boomed, but many fear it will __________ traditional holidays, turning them into purely __________ events. (commerce) 5. After a long labor, the doctor successfully __________ the twins, and the smooth __________ brought great relief to the family. (deliver) 6. Despite the chaos, she managed to __________ a meeting, and the __________ was satisfactory to everyone. (arrange) 7. The campaign aims to raise __________ of environmental issues, but many people remain __________ of the consequences, while those who are __________ are actively taking measures. (aware) 8. After the scandal, the CEO was swiftly __________ from his position, and his __________ caused a major shake-up. (remove) 9. After the fire, they lost all their __________, but they were grateful to still __________ to a loving community. (belong) 10. The __________ manual was difficult to understand, but __________ speaking, her __________ of performing the experiment was correct. (technical) 11. The clown tried to __________ the children, but his __________ tricks failed to provide any real __________. (entertain) 12. Smartphone games are highly __________, and many __________ find it hard to overcome their __________. (addict) Unit 4 1.survival n.生存,存活;残存物,幸存事物→survive v.生存;幸存→survivor n.幸存者 2.broad adj.广泛的;宽阔的,广阔的;概括的;开阔的→broadly adv.大体上→broaden v.拓宽 3.intend vt.& vi.想要,计划;意指→intention n.目的;意图;打算→intended adj.计划的;为…打算(或设计)的 4.experiment n.实验,试验;尝试,实践vi.做试验,进行实验;尝试→experimental adj.实验性的;试验性的 5.container n.容器;集装箱,货柜→contain vt.包含;控制 6.sufficient adj.足够的,充足的→[反义词] insufficient adj.不够的;不充足的→sufficiency n.充足;足量 7.beneficial adj.有益的,有用的→benefit v.使受益;得益于 n.益处;好处 8.conduct vt.& vi.组织,实施;指挥;引导;举止 n.行为;实施办法→conductor n.指挥;售票员→conduction n.(热或电等能量的)传导 9.illustrate vt.说明,解释;加插图于→illustration n.说明;插图 10.surround vt.围绕,环绕;包围;与…紧密相关→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n.周围;环境 11.indicate vt.表明;暗示;提及;指出→indication n.表明;显示→indicative adj.表明;显示 12.accident n.意外,偶然的事;事故,意外遭遇→accidental adj.意外的;偶然的 13.intelligent adj.有才智的,聪明的;有智力的→intelligence n.智力 14.favour vt. (AmE favor)较喜欢;偏袒;有助于 n.帮助,好事;赞同;偏袒→favourable adj.赞成的;有利的;支持的→favourite adj.最喜爱的n.最喜爱的人或物 15.politician n.政治家,从政者;投机钻营者→politics n.政治(学)→political adj.政治的 16.electricity n.电,电能→electric adj.电的,发电的,电动的 17.theory n.学说,论;原理;看法,意见→ theoretical adj.理论的→ theoretically adv.理论上地 18.involve vt.包含;牵涉,影响;(使)参加→involved adj.参与;有关联→involvement n.参与;投入;卷入;牵连 19.scientific adj.科学的,关于科学的;细致严谨的→science n.科学→scientist n.科学家 20.mystery n.神秘;神秘的人(或事物);悬疑作品→mysterious adj.神秘的 21.ignorance n.无知→ignore vt.忽视;不理睬→ignorant adj.无知的 22.freedom n.自由→free adj.自由的;免费的v.使摆脱;解放;松开→freely adv.自由地 23.permit vt.& vi.允许,准许,许可;使有可能 n.许可证;执照→permission n.[U]允许,许可, 批准 24.responsibility n.责任,负责;职责,义务→responsible adj.负责的→irresponsible adj.不负责任的 25.declare vt.表明,宣称;公布,宣布;申报→declaration n.宣告;公告 26.nationality n.国籍;民族→national adj.国家的;全国的;民族的→nation n.国家;民族 27.evolution n.进化;演变,发展→evolve v.进化;逐渐演变,逐步发展 28.marriage n.结婚,婚姻;已婚状态→marry v.结婚 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Only a few __________ managed to __________ the disaster, and their tales of __________ became a testament to human resilience. (survive) 2. To __________ his horizons, he traveled to various countries, which gave him a __________ understanding of different cultures and, __________ speaking, changed his worldview. (broad) 3. The program was originally __________ for beginners, but contrary to the initial __________, it attracted advanced learners who __________ to push their limits. (intend) 4. The researchers conducted a series of __________ to test the __________ therapy, and they were allowed to __________ only under strict supervision. (experiment) 5. The specially designed __________, which can __________ up to 200 liters of corrosive liquid, is made of reinforced steel. (contain) 6. Although the initial data seemed __________, the __________ of evidence was later challenged, and it turned out to be __________ to support the claim. (sufficient) 7. Regular exercise is highly __________ to your health, and you can __________ greatly from it; the __________ of physical activity are well-documented. (benefit) 8. The famous __________ was praised not only for his musical talent but also for his professional __________, and he even lectured on the __________ of heat as a hobby. (conduct) 9. To __________ the concept, the teacher drew a detailed __________ on the board, which made the lesson more engaging. (illustrate) 10. The ancient temple, __________ by towering trees, blends into its natural __________, and the __________ scenery is breathtaking. (surround) 11. The dark clouds were __________ of an approaching storm, a clear __________ that we should cancel the trip, which was further __________ by the weather forecast. (indicate) 12. The fire was a tragic __________, but investigators determined it was __________, not intentional. (accident) 13. Artificial __________ has advanced rapidly, and some machines now display __________ behavior that rivals humans. (intelligent) 14. The proposal received __________ reviews, and the CEO’s __________ for it was evident; it was clearly his __________ initiative. (favour) 15. The seasoned __________ was deeply involved in __________ and had a keen understanding of __________ affairs. (politics) 16. The __________ shock he got from the faulty wire was a reminder of the dangers of __________, and the __________ fence around the substation was a safety measure. (electricity) 17. Scientists expected the device to work __________, based on __________ principles, but the __________ was not proven. (theory) 18. His active __________ in the project meant he was deeply __________ in the decision-making, which __________ a great deal of teamwork. (involve) 19. The __________ method is fundamental to modern __________, and every __________ must adhere to its rigorous standards. (science) 20. The __________ of the missing artifact remained unsolved, and the __________ circumstances surrounding its disappearance baffled the investigators. (mystery) 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 Unit 1 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.soil 　n.土壤;国土,领土,土地 2.overseas adj.海外的,国外的adv.在海外,向国外 3.million num.一百万;许多,大量 4.species n.(pl.species) 种,物种 5.wildlife n.野生动植物,野生生物 6.beneath prep.在…下面,在…下方;配不上 7.mass n.大量;团,块,一大群adj.大批的,广泛的 8.thus adv.因此,从而;这样 9.impact n.影响,作用;撞击,冲撞 vi.& vt.有影响;冲击 10.damage vt.& n.损害,伤害,损坏,破坏 11.climate n.气候;倾向,风气 12.image n.形象;图像;意象 13.deer n.(pl.deer) 鹿 14.track vt.& vi.跟踪,追踪n.足迹,踪迹;小道;轨道;跑道;路线 15.nowhere adv.无处,哪里都不 16.chief n.首领,最高领导人adj.主要的;首席的 17.smog n.雾霾,烟雾 18.protest vi.反对,抗议vt.反对;坚持声称,申辩n.抗议,反对 19.process n.过程,进程;步骤,流程 vt.加工,处理 20.policy n.政策,方针;原则 21.branch n.(政府或机构)部门;分部;树枝;支流;分支 22.subway n.地铁;地下人行道 23.former adj.昔日的,前任的;以前的,从前的 24.official n.官员,要员adj.公务的;正式的,官方的 25.poverty n.贫穷,贫困;贫乏 26.consequence n.结果,后果;重要性 短文故事识记 李明曾留学 __________（海外的），见过 __________（百万）奇妙的 __________（物种），心中却始终牵挂着故乡的 __________（土壤）与 （野生动植物）。然而学成归来，眼前景象令他心碎。（在……下面）厚重的 （雾霾），（鹿）的 __________（足迹）消失得 （无处）可寻。（大批的）工厂日夜排放，严重 __________（损害）了 __________（气候），其负面 （影响）深及几代人。（因此），他毅然发起 __________（抗议），搭乘 __________（地铁）直奔市政厅，向 （首席的）（官员）展示污染前后的对比 __________（图像），痛陈 __________（贫困）与生态恶化的恶性 （后果）。（昔日的）田园风光已成记忆，唯有重塑 __________（政策）才有出路。在各 __________（部门）的通力配合下，漫长的整改 __________（过程）终于启动：工厂被关停，河流被净化，蓝天重现，鹿群归林。李明明白，对土地的热爱，终将让希望破土重生。 Unit 2 1.disaster　n.灾难,灾害;彻底失败 2.crash n.碰撞声,破裂声;碰撞;崩溃vi.& vt.碰撞,撞击;崩溃 3.signal vi.& vt.发信号,示意;标志n.信号,暗号;标志;信号灯 4.exit vt.& vi.出去,离去,退场;退出n.出口,通道;离开 5.orderly adj.有秩序的,有条理的,整齐的 6.roll n.名单;卷;一管;翻滚vi.& vt.翻滚,滚动;翻身;卷起 7.hug vt.拥抱,搂抱;抱紧 8.procedure n.程序,步骤,手续 9.occur vi.发生,出现;存在于 10.conference n.会议,研讨会;讨论,商谈 11.supply n.补给,补给品;供应;供应量,储备vt.供应,供给,提供 12.charity n.慈善机构(或组织);慈善,施舍;仁爱,宽容 13.staff n.全体职工;管理人员vt.在…工作,任职于 14.slide n.幻灯片;降低;滑行;山崩vi.& vt.滑行;逐渐陷入 15.flood n.洪水,水灾;大量vi.& vt.淹没,泛滥;大量涌入;充满 16.otherwise adv.否则,不然;除此以外 17.unearth vt.使出土,挖掘,发掘;发现,找到 18.destination n.目的地,终点 19.dawn n.黎明,破晓;开端,萌芽vi.开始;开始清楚 20.beyond adv.在(或向)较远处,在另一边prep.在(或向)更远处;超出;晚于;无法;超出…之外 短文故事识记 __________（黎明）刚至，一场可怕的 __________（灾难）突然 __________（发生）。连日暴雨引发山体 __________（滑坡），泥石流如 __________（洪水）般倾泻，发出震耳欲聋的 __________（碰撞声），瞬间冲毁了通往 __________（目的地）的唯一道路。指挥中心立即 __________（发信号）启动应急 __________（程序），全体 （职员）（有条理地）核对救援 __________（名单）。多家 __________（慈善机构）紧急调配 __________（补给），通过线上 __________（会议）协调行动。队长果断下令，必须从 __________（在……另一边）山脊的备用 （出口）徒步突进，（否则）被困者将再无生还机会。搜救犬穿越废墟，终于 __________（发现）了埋压人员。当幸存者被安全抬出，队员们含泪 __________（拥抱）在一起。这一刻，绝境中的坚守迎来了生命的曙光。 Unit 3 1.obviously adv.显然,明显地 2.extent n.程度,限度;范围 3.click n.点击,单击;咔哒声vi.& vt.使发出咔哒声;点击,单击 4.military adj.军事的,军队的 5.affair n.公共事务,政治事务;事件,事情 6.goods n.商品,货品;私人财产 7.site n.网站,站点;地点;现场 8.cash n.现金;金钱,资金 9.instant adj.立即的,立刻的;方便的n.瞬间,片刻;某一时刻 10.comment n.议论,评论;批评,指责vi.& vt.表达意见 11.surf vt.& vi.(互联网上)冲浪,浏览;进行冲浪运动 12.request vt.要求,请求n.要求,请求;要求的事 13.mobile adj.可移动的,非固定的;行动方便 的;流动的n.手机 14.device n.设备,仪器;手段,技巧 15.quit vt.& vi.(quit,quit;quitted,quitted)停止,戒掉;离开 16.scary adj.恐怖的,吓人的 17.somehow adv.不知怎么地;以某种方式(或方法) 18.reveal vt.展示,显出;揭示,透露 短文故事识记 张华曾是一名 __________（军事的）工程师，退役后却 __________（显然）迷上了 __________（手机）购物。他整日 __________（浏览）各大购物 __________（网站），只需轻轻一 __________（点击），心仪的 __________（商品）便会送上门来。他几乎不再使用 __________（现金），一部小小的 __________（设备）就包办了所有支付。然而，当便利发展到一定 __________（程度），竟变得 __________（恐怖的）。某天，他收到一条陌生 __________（请求），邀请他为一款新型望远镜发表 __________（评论）。他照做的 __________（瞬间），手机便弹出涉密警告——那望远镜竟涉及国防__________ （事务）。他惊慌不已，__________（不知怎么地）个人账户信息被 __________（揭示）给了境外机构。至此他才幡然醒悟，果断 __________（戒掉）了无节制的网购，删除了那些危险的兼职评论。虚拟世界的暗流，远比表面看到的更加汹涌 Unit 4 1.deadly adj.致命的;十足的,彻底的 2.province n.省,省份 3.trial n.试用,试验;审讯,审判;考验vi.& vt.测试,试验 4.limited adj.有限的 5.postpone vt.延迟,延期 6.data n.数据,资料,材料 7.error n.错误,差错 8.wisdom n.智慧,知识,学问;才智;明智 9.thunderstorm n.雷雨,雷暴 10.charge vt.& vi.充电;收费;控告;谴责;使…承担责任;使充满n.收费;控告;谴责;掌管 11.bomb n.炸弹;核武器 vt.轰炸 12.credit n.赞扬,认可;信用vt.存入金额;把…归于 13.moral adj.道德的;道义上的;品行端正的n.品行,道德;寓意 14.apply vt.& vi.应用;申请;涂;有关 15.intellectual adj.脑力的;有才智的,智力发达的 n.知识分子,脑力劳动者 16.authority n.权威,权力;官方 17.publish vt.出版,发行;发表;公布 短文故事识记 一位来自南方 __________（省份）的年轻 __________（知识分子）深知 __________（智慧）的力量并非 __________（有限的）。他领导的团队正进行一项 __________（试验），试图将一种新材料 __________（应用）于电池 __________（充电）技术。然而，一场突如其来的 __________（雷暴）迫使实验 __________（延期）。 更糟的是，核心 __________（数据）出现了一个 __________（致命的） __________（错误），导致后续计算全部作废。有人建议隐瞒，但这触碰了他的 __________（道德的）底线。他毅然选择向 __________（官方）如实汇报，并将失败经验写成论文 __________（发表）。出乎意料，这篇坦诚的文章为他赢得了学界的 __________（赞扬），如同一枚真相 __________（炸弹），炸开了浮夸的学术风气。 考点二 unit 1~unit 4 阅读词汇 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 Unit 1 1.ecosystem n.生态系统 2.continent　n.大陆,陆地,洲 3.biodiversity n.生物多样性 4.nut n.坚果 5.towering adj.高大的,高耸的;出色的 6.hardwood n.阔叶树;硬材(阔叶树的木材) 7.frog n.蛙,青蛙 8.insect n.昆虫 9.microorganism n.微生物 10.nutrient n.营养素,营养物 11.carbon n.碳 12.oxygen n.氧,氧气 13.cattle n.牛 14.greenhouse n.温室,暖房 15.gas n.气体;煤气;汽油 16.drought n.旱灾,久旱 17.brochure n.小册子 18.belt n.地带,地区;腰带;传送带 19.medal n.奖章,勋章 20.shark n.鲨鱼 21.whale n.鲸 22.habitat n.生活环境,栖息地 23.dolphin n.海豚 24.resident n.居民,住户 25.committee n.委员会 26.strategy n.策略,行动计划;策划,部署 Unit 1 A scientist traveled to a remote __________ (continent) and picked up a __________ (brochure) about a unique __________ (ecosystem). The booklet highlighted the rich __________ (biodiversity) of the coastal __________ (belt), where __________ (towering) __________ (hardwood) trees provided a perfect __________ (habitat) for a rare tree __________ (frog), colorful __________ (insect)s, and countless __________ (microorganism)s. Fallen __________ (nut)s decomposed into the soil, releasing __________ (nutrient)s. The forest absorbed __________ (carbon) and produced __________ (oxygen). However, nearby __________ (cattle) farms and __________ (greenhouse)s emitted excessive __________ (gas), worsening the annual __________ (drought). Local __________ (resident)s, who relied on __________ (dolphin)s, __________ (whale)s, and even __________ (shark)s for tourism, were deeply worried. A special __________ (committee) was formed, and a new conservation __________ (strategy) was implemented. For her dedication, the scientist received a national __________ (medal). Unit 2 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.county　 n.郡,县 2.tsunami n.海啸 3.odd adj.奇怪的,怪异的;偶尔的;不成对的 4.bubble n.泡沫,泡,气泡 5.typhoon n.台风 6.pole n.柱,杆;极 7.hurricane n.飓风 8.fund n.资金;基金 9.document n.文件,公文;(计算机中的)文档 10.Roman adj.古罗马的;罗马的n.古罗马人;罗马人 11.bar n.酒吧;小馆子;吧台;条,块;栏杆;障碍 vt.封;阻挡;阻止 12.import n.进口产品,输入的产品;输入 vt.进口,引进 13.export n.出口产品,输出的产品;出口,输出 vt.出口,输出 14.port n.港口,避风港;港口城市 15.cloud-capped adj.高耸入云的,耸入云霄的 16.ashy adj.覆盖着灰的;灰色的 17.volcano n.火山 18.trunk n.树干 19.pattern n.图案,花样;模式;范例;模型 20.column n.柱,圆柱;柱状物;栏;专栏;队,列 Unit 2 In a coastal __________ (county), a __________ (cloud-capped) __________ (volcano) overlooks the __________ (port). This was once a __________ (Roman) trading post, famous for its marble __________ (column)s and carved stone __________ (trunk)s with spiral __________ (pattern)s. One morning, __________ (odd) __________ (bubble)s appeared in the harbor. The town used emergency __________ (fund)s to issue a __________ (tsunami) alert. An ancient __________ (document) found behind an iron __________ (bar) in the temple revealed a similar disaster. Historically, the city would __________ (import) spices and __________ (export) wine. That season, a severe __________ (typhoon) struck, followed by a __________ (hurricane), leaving the sky __________ (ashy) with volcanic dust. The lighthouse __________ (pole) was bent but did not break. Unit 3 1.webcam　n.网络摄像头 2.pot n.壶,瓶,罐;锅 3.emoji n.表情符号 4.frontier n.国界,边界;尖端,边缘 5.billion num.十亿 6.button n.按键;纽扣 7.recipe n.食谱;方法,秘诀 8.boot n.靴子 9.software n.软件 10.guideline n.准则,指导方针;参考 11.file n.文件;文件夹;档案 12.ballet n.芭蕾舞;芭蕾舞剧;芭蕾舞团 13.upload vt.上载,上传 14.download vt.下载 15.percentage n.百分率,百分比;提成 16.battery n.电池 17.journal n.日记;报纸,杂志 18.wide-ranging adj.覆盖面广的,内容广泛的 19.opera n.歌剧;歌剧院 20.badminton n.羽毛球运动 Unit 3 She turned on the __________ (pot) in the kitchen and adjusted the __________ (webcam) to start a cooking livestream. She posted a cute __________ (emoji) on the screen, which attracted viewers from beyond the __________ (frontier), and the views quickly surpassed one __________ (billion). She pressed the record __________ (button), ready to share this family __________ (recipe) online. But the __________ (software) prompted her to update a related __________ (file). Wearing rain __________ (boot)s, she rushed out to buy batteries because her phone __________ (battery) had only a tiny __________ (percentage) left. Following the __________ (guideline)s, she managed to __________ (upload) the video to the cloud and also __________ (download) some clips of __________ (ballet) and __________ (opera) for editing. At night, she wrote in her __________ (journal): "Life needs __________ (wide-ranging) hobbies — for instance, I have a __________ (badminton) game with friends tomorrow." Unit 4 1.republic n.共和国,共和政体 2.malaria n.疟疾 3.extract n.提取物;选录 vt.提取;选录;取出;设法得到 4.herb n.药草,香草;草本 5.household adj.家庭的,家用的,家务的n.一家人,家庭 6.penicillin n.青霉素,盘尼西林 7.mould (AmE mold)n.霉菌;模具;类型 vt.浇铸;塑造 8.bacteria n.(sing.bacterium) 细菌 9.lightning n.闪电 10.ribbon n.带子,丝带;带状物 11.metal n.金属 12.bang n.突然的巨响;猛敲,猛击vi.& vt. 砸;砰地关上;猛摔;碰撞 13.standout adj.突出的 n.突出的人 (或物)  14.atomic adj.原子能的;原子的 15.evil n.罪恶,罪行;害处,坏处 adj.恶毒的;有害的;恶魔的 16.negate vt.取消,使无效;否认,否定 Unit 4 In a small island __________ (republic), a severe outbreak of __________ (malaria) threatened every __________ (household). A determined scientist discovered a powerful __________ (extract) from a rare __________ (herb) that could kill the deadly __________ (bacteria). He cultivated a special __________ (mould) in his laboratory and successfully produced __________ (penicillin). One stormy night, __________ (lightning) struck the __________ (metal) rod outside his window with a deafening __________ (bang). The flash briefly illuminated a blue __________ (ribbon) tied around his research notes. This breakthrough was a __________ (standout) moment in medical history, proving that even the invisible __________ (atomic) world could be harnessed to defeat the __________ (evil) of infectious disease. Although some rivals attempted to __________ (negate) his findings, the lives saved spoke louder than any criticism. 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 Unit 1 1.in turn相应地,转而 2.break down使分解(为),使变化(成) 3.breathe life into给…带来起色,注入活力 4.due to由于,因为 5.build up逐渐增加,扩大 6.come up with想出,想到 7.call for (公开)要求;需要 8.spring to mind突然记起(或想到) 9.get rid of摆脱,丢弃,扔掉 10.give rise to使发生(或存在) 11.bring...close/near to extinction使…濒临灭绝 12.be made up of由…组成 13.sign up报名 序号匹配 英文 中文 1—H 1. in turn A. 由于，因为 2. break down B. 报名 3. breathe life into C. 使……濒临灭绝 4. due to D. 由……组成 5. build up E. 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 6. come up with F. 使发生（或存在） 7. call for G. 给……带来起色，注入活力 8. spring to mind H. 相应地，转而 9. get rid of I. 逐渐增加，扩大 10. give rise to J. 想出，想到 11. bring...close/near to extinction K. 使分解（为），使变化（成） 12. be made up of L. （公开）要求；需要 13. sign up M. 突然记起（或想到） Unit 2 1.at large整个,全部 2.roll call点名 3.safe and sound安然无恙的 4.occur to被想到,浮现在脑中 5.keep one’s head (在困境中)保持冷静 6.run out of用完,耗尽 7.take the form of呈现…的形状;采取…的形式 8.break out突然开始,爆发 9.far and wide 到处,各处 10.hold on to抓紧,不放开;(替别人或更长时间地)保存某物 11.stay away from远离 序号匹配 英文 中文 1. break out A. 安然无恙的 2. at large B. 点名 3. stay away from C. 被想到，浮现在脑中 4. roll call D. 抓紧，不放开；(替别人或更长时间地)保存某物 5. safe and sound E. 远离 6. keep one's head F. 突然开始，爆发 7. take the form of G. 整个，全部 8. far and wide H. 用完，耗尽 9. occur to I. 到处，各处 10. hold on to J. (在困境中)保持冷静 11. run out of K. 呈现……的形状；采取……的形式 Unit 3 1.take off 突然大受欢迎,迅速流行 2.get in touch with与…取得联系 3.to a certain extent在一定程度上 4.at one’s fingertips掌握(信息),熟悉、精通(知识等),了如指掌 5.bring up使显示在计算机屏幕上,调出;提出 6.above all else最重要的是,尤其是 7.get in the way阻挡,阻碍 8.belong to属于,归…所有 9.set up创建,建立 10.take advantage of利用 11.be glued to sth全神贯注看着某物,离某物很近 12.shoot past飞驰而过 13.knock sb off one’s feet撞倒某人,使某人双脚离地 14.be lost in全神贯注,沉浸于 15.cut back on减少,削减 序号匹配 英文 中文 1. be glued to sth A. 与……取得联系 2. shoot past B. 创建，建立 3. take off C. 减少，削减 4. knock sb off one's feet D. 属于，归……所有 5. above all else E. 在一定程度上 6. bring up F. 飞驰而过 7. be lost in G. 突然大受欢迎，迅速流行 8. set up H. 阻挡，阻碍 9. take advantage of I. 掌握（信息），熟悉、精通（知识等），了如指掌 10. belong to J. 最重要的是，尤其是 11. cut back on K. 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；提出 12. at one's fingertips L. 全神贯注看着某物，离某物很近 13. to a certain extent M. 利用 14. get in touch with N. 全神贯注，沉浸于 15. get in the way O. 撞倒某人，使某人双脚离地 Unit 4 1.refer to 　查阅,参考;提到,谈及 2.speed up (使)加速 3.pay off 成功,奏效,达到目的 4.through trial and error 反复试验 5.draw on 利用,动用 6.by accident偶然,意外地 7.far from远非,几乎相反 8.work out 计算出;锻炼;解决 9.with a bang  很成功;引人注目,有强烈影响 10.let sb down 使某人失望 11.as to 关于,至于 12.take it for granted想当然地认为,认为…是理所当然 13.put forward 提出,提议,建议 序号匹配 英文 中文 1. far from A. 查阅，参考；提到，谈及 2. with a bang B. 想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然 3. through trial and error C. 使某人失望 4. pay off D. 提出，提议，建议 5. refer to E. （使）加速 6. work out F. 偶然，意外地 7. let sb down G. 反复试验 8. draw on H. 远非，几乎相反 9. take it for granted I. 很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响 10. by accident J. 计算出；锻炼；解决 11. put forward K. 利用，动用 12. speed up L. 成功，奏效，达到目的 13. as to M. 关于，至于 一、 真题实战 1. （2026·全国Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C篇）In line with longstanding initiatives to expand its green spaces, New York City is planting tens of thousands of trees each year. They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. Something could go wrong, though, according to a new study. Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city‘s trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone (臭氧)—a major factor in many breathing problems. The research, carried out by scientists at the Columbia Climate School and other institutions, found that if the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%, and resulting summer ozone levels as much as 30%. “We’re all for planting more trees. They bring so many good things,” said study coauthor Róisín Commane. “But if we‘re not careful, we could make air quality worse.” 28. What does the new study imply regarding oaks and sweetgums? A. They affect the growth of other trees. B. They absorb less carbon than expected. C. They harm people’s health indirectly. D. They raise the local temperature slowly. 【思维建模】habitat（栖息地）和chemical（化学物质）为Unit 1核心词汇。科普说明文中，因果关系链（A释放→B反应→C形成→D危害）是命题重点。解答推理题时，需理清文中的因果链条，判断选项是否与原文逻辑一致。 2.（2026·全国Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A篇） SoFi Stadium Events This Month SoFi Stadium is hosting a series of exciting events this month. Digital parking passes are required for all vehicles. Your parking zone is indicated on their color-coded digital parking pass. If you enter through the wrong access point, you‘ll be turned around and redirected—so plan ahead. Each parking zone consists of multiple lots, designed to efficiently manage traffic across the venue‘s network. Make sure to download your parking pass to your smartphone before arrival. 23. What are visitors advised to do before going to the stadium? A. Print their parking tickets at home. B. Download the parking pass to their phone. C. Arrive at the parking lot two hours early. D. Contact the stadium for parking instructions. 【思维建模】digital（数字的）和download（下载）为Unit 3核心词汇。应用文中，祈使句（Make sure to...）往往是重要的行动建议。解答细节题时，定位文中的建议性语句即可快速锁定答案。 3.（2025·新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空）It inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ______ (digital) generated graphics and silk-screen prints for the showcase. 【思维建模】digital→digitally为Unit 3核心词汇的派生考查。语法填空中，副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词是高频考点。当括号内给出形容词时，若其后为动词（特别是过去分词），需考虑转换为副词。 4. （2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A篇） HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM Help restore and protect Marin‘s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. 21. What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team? A. To discover mineral resources. B. To develop new wildlife parks. C. To protect the local ecosystem. D. To conduct biological research. 【思维建模】habitat和ecosystem均为Unit 1核心词汇。应用文阅读中，文章标题和开篇首句往往直接点明组织/项目的核心宗旨。“HABITAT RESTORATION”中的restoration和protect直接指向ecosystem protection。解答“aim/purpose”类题目时，应优先锁定标题、首段中的动词（restore, protect）和名词（habitat, species）。 4. （2023·北京卷·阅读理解C篇） In recent years, researchers from diverse fields have agreed that short-termism is now a significant problem in industrialised societies. The inability to engage with longer-term causes and consequences leads to some of the world‘s most serious problems: climate change, biodiversity collapse, and more. ... It has been proved that people have a bias (偏向) towards the present, focusing on loud attractions in the moment at the expense of the health, well-being and financial stability of their future selves or community. In business, this bias surfaces as short-sighted decisions. And on slow-burning problems like climate change, it translates into the unwillingness to make small sacrifices (牺牲) today that could make a major difference tomorrow. Instead, all that matters is next quarter’s profit, or satisfying some other near-term desires. 28. The author quotes Francis Cole mainly to ________. A. draw a comparison   B. introduce a topic   C. evaluate a statement   D. highlight a problem 【思维建模】句中profit（利润）为Unit 1核心词汇，与biodiversity collapse（生物多样性崩溃）构成“经济发展vs生态保护”的对比语境。说明文中引用他人话语的目的通常是支撑论点——或例证、或强调、或反驳。解答“引用目的”题时，需关注引语前后的观点句，引语往往服务于作者的核心论述。 2、 命题演练 一：单句提升语法填空 1．With great determination, he shared his sincere intention (contribute) money and time to protect endangered wildlife in remote mountain areas. 2．The little girl, (bite) gently into the warm homemade apple pie, kept telling her grandma how sweet and tasty the delicious dessert really was. 3．The accident can’t (occur) last night, for all the witnesses claimed the road was completely clear at that time. 4．If (charge) with stealing private data, the employee would face a severe lawsuit. 5．He made a mistake, (ruin) his chance to be promoted as the manager of the company. 6．Oranges: Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 7．A traditional Chinese dance (perform) underwater in Luoyang recently has become famous on social media during the Dragon Boat Festival. 8．We caught sight of the weak injured rabbit, (surround) by branches that completely cut off its way to safety, trembling and letting out faint sad cries for help. 9． (locate) in the heart of the city, the iconic museum attracts thousands of visitors every year. 10．Though seriously (affect) by the sudden bad news, she tried her best to calm down and finish the work on time. 11．All the delicate artifacts (damage) severely by the collapse of the ancient tomb during the excavation process, and the archaeological team had no choice but to suspend their work temporarily. 12．They also hope to (far) educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future generations. 13．Once (release), the film won great popularity among the teens. 14．When (ban) from using smartphones during lectures, students are expected to stay away from distractions and focus on interactive learning. 15．Rare sea turtles along the coastal reserve (track) through satellite tags last month, offering valuable data for protecting their nesting sites.   16．I told Gunter where I was going, but he looked (entire) confused, not knowing what I meant. 17．With the (apply) of 5G technology,great changes are taking place in almost all fields throughout the world. 18．With the support of multimedia technology, Li brings this historical figure to life, creating a visual feast that enhances the drama while (honor) the core traditions of Peking Opera. 19．The airport (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. 20．People come for the lively atmosphere (enjoy) themselves and experience city pride in person. 21．A typhoon is a destructive storm (occur) in the north-west Pacific Ocean. 22．Sue took some paper and a pen into Johnsy’s room and began a pen drawing, in an attempt (raise) Johnsy’s spirits. 23．Fire disaster is one of the most frequently happened and extremely (destroy) disasters. （所给词的适当形式填空） 24．By the time the firefighters broke down the door, the neighbor (rescue) the elderly woman from the burning house. 25．Chinese literature took center stage at the London Book Fair on March 11, (demonstrate) active literary and publishing exchanges between China and the United Kingdom. 26．Every evening, the neighbors (glue) to the community board, sharing good news and warm wishes. 27． (integrate) satellite remote sensing, big data analytics and autonomous agricultural machinery, modern farming systems have greatly boosted the overall competitiveness.   28．While (explore) the library’s basement, she found a box of old letters from the 19th century. 29．He is an active member of the school’s stamp club, (devote) most of his spare time to stamp collecting. 30．The region is famous for its fossil sites, and one exceptional area (reveal) about 5,000 fossils so far,which have provided invaluable insight into dinosaur evolution during the Middle Jurassic period. （所给词的适当形式填空） 31．The program provides courses (tailor) to the learner’s needs. 32．The mission, (schedule) for launch around 2028, aims to bring Martian samples back to Earth by around 2031. 33． (compare) with other forms of travel, taking a train is often the most scenic option. 34．Through ups and downs, laughter and tears, their (marry) has grown stronger over time, proving that love can overcome every difficulty in life. 35．Plenty of scientific experiments (conduct) to check the stability of the newly invented material to date. 二：课内句式填空训练 1. ,they are only one element of this forest’s food chain.(while引导让步状语从句) 尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存,但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一个要素。 2.As the human population continues to grow, .(so+助动词+主语) 随着人口的持续增长,我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。 3.We’ve been taking various measures,including the use of new technologies,to reduce pollution in the production process, .(even though引导让步状语从句) 我们一直在采取各种各样的措施,包括新科技手段的运用,来减少生产过程中产生的污染,尽管这些措施会增加我们的生产成本。 4.At the same time,Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door, .(in case引导目的状语从句) 与此同时,布朗女士迅速打开了教室的门,以防门在地震中损坏而无法打开。 5. ,Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.(the moment引导时间状语从句) 地震停止的瞬间,布朗女士意识到这是他们逃出教室的最好时机。 6.She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line .(现在分词作状语) 她示意学生们抱着头,排好队,有序离开教室。 7.NEWDALE—On 20 December,a series of huge waves . raced across the ocean near Goldshore and .(过去分词短语作后置定语;leave+宾语+宾语补足语) 纽代尔——12月20日,由海底地震引起的一排排巨浪急速冲过金海岸附近的海面,造成数千人死亡。 8. ,we are able to keep in contact with loved ones,find long-lost friends and discover whole new communities .(“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句;who引导定语从句) 不管身在何处,我们都能与所爱之人保持联系,找到久违的朋友,发现兴趣相投的新群体。 9. a place of discovery,wonder and inspiration for everyone.(“only+状语”位于句首引起的倒装) 只有这样,互联网才可以成为一个让每个人有所发现、获得惊奇和灵感的地方。 10.JustDance is a website .(现在分词短语作后置定语) JustDance是一个属于所有舞蹈爱好者的网站。 11.Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China ,awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria,one of the deadliest diseases in human history.(动词不定式作后置定语) 屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。她获奖是因为她在抗击疟疾中做出的贡献,疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。 12.However, Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu,after many failed experiments.(not until结构的强调句型) 然而,直到20世纪70年代,屠呦呦经过多次失败的试验才成功地发现了青蒿素。 13. her broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine,Tu .qinghaosu.(含蓄虚拟条件句) 如果没有她丰富的中西医知识,屠呦呦可能永远也不会发现青蒿素。 14. ,Franklin the studies of electricity.(whatever 引导让步状语从句;do强调谓语动词) 不管真相如何,富兰克林的确对电学的研究做出了贡献。 $第03讲 必修第三册 词汇考点 目录 2 5 7 考点一 unit 1~unit 4 核心词汇 7 知识点1 核心单词知变形 8 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 15 考点二 unit 1~unit 4 阅读词汇 19 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 19 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 22 21 一、 真题实战 26 二、 命题演练 29 单元 核心词汇 阅读词汇 Unit 1 Nature in the balance harm, impact, process, profit, recycle, track, damage, extinction, protest, mass, towering, region, former, further, survive, appear, apply, organize, absolute, entire, defend, economy, official, poison, chemical, consequent ecosystem, biodiversity, hardwood, mammal, microorganism, nutrient, brochure, habitat, nowhere, overseas, jaguar, water lily, Brazil nut, shark, belt Unit 2 Natural disasters disaster, crash, flood, injure, rescue, signal, erupt, import, export, otherwise, curious, distant, pattern, column, sharp, bear, beyond, document, destination, otherwise county, Roman, volcano, trunk, unbearable, ashy, cloud-capped, dawn, dusk, downstairs, honey, port, tourist destination Unit 3 The world online access, accessible, majority, deliver, delivery, arrangement, instant, instantly, aware, awareness, technical, upload, download, entertainment, addict, addicted, addictive, appreciate, appreciation, remove, sort, request, lack, belong, obvious, obviously, scare, scary, extent, billion, affair, goods, cash, military, button, webcam, emoji, recipe, drag, update, download, upload, privacy, security, data, digital billion, affair, goods, cash, military, button, webcam, emoji, extent, recipe, obviously, entertainment, webcam, digital, data, privacy, security, update, download, upload Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world award, survive, survival, survivor, broad, intend, intention, experiment, limit, limited, sufficient, wisdom, wise, illustrate, surround, indicate, intelligent, favour, scientific, moral, apply, application, permit, permission, responsibility, evolve, deadly, trial, error, ignorance, physicist, theory province, malaria, Nobel Prize, quantum, theory, experiment, trial, error, evolution, ignorance, surrounding, surroundings, republic, moral, scientific, wisdom, intelligent Unit 1：Lights, camera, actions! 核心词汇考情： harm：环保类阅读高频词（2024全国甲卷C篇）；语法填空常考 harmful / harmless 词性转换。 impact：科技环保类阅读核心信号词（2023新高考Ⅰ卷D篇、2025新高考Ⅰ卷C篇）；常与 have an impact on 搭配，语法填空考 impactful。 process：阅读中表“过程/流程”出现频率极高（2023全国乙卷七选五）；完形中常与 in the process of 搭配。 profit：环保与经济类话题完形高频（2024全国甲卷）；常考 profit from 和 profitable。 recycle：环保类阅读必考（2023新高考Ⅱ卷C篇、2025浙江卷）；语法填空考 recycling / recyclable。 survive：生物多样性话题核心动词（2024新高考Ⅰ卷D篇）；语法填空高频考 survival / survivor。 apply：科技文高频（2025新高考Ⅰ卷D篇）；语法填空常考 application / applicant。 track：阅读中表“追踪、跟踪”（2025新高考Ⅰ卷C篇）；写作中 track one‘s progress 为高分表达。 阅读词汇考情 ecosystem / biodiversity：环保类阅读（2023—2025年多卷）中几乎必考，属于话题核心名词。 habitat：生物类阅读高频（2024新高考Ⅰ卷D篇），常与 endangered 共现。 overseas：文化交流与全球议题类阅读高频（2025新高考Ⅰ卷）；常考 overseas market / students。 region：地理环境类阅读必考；语法填空考 regional 命题趋势： 生态环境是2023—2025年高考英语的持续热点（2023新高考Ⅱ卷C篇“塑料回收”、2024新高考Ⅰ卷D篇“生物多样性”、2025新高考Ⅰ卷C篇“气候变化影响”）。建议按“问题（damage/extinction）→原因（impact/process）→措施（recycle/protect）→结果（survival/benefit）”的逻辑链串联记忆。语法填空重点掌握 harm/harmful/harmless、survive/survival/survivor、apply/application/applicant、organize/organization 等词性转换 Unit 2 Natural disasters 核心词汇考情： disaster：自然灾害话题核心名词，阅读和完形高频；常与 natural 搭配。 flood：完形中既可作名词也可作动词；常考 a flood of（大量）、flood in / into。 injure / injury：灾难报道类阅读高频；语法填空考 injured。 rescue：灾难话题核心动词；常考 rescue...from...、come/go to one's rescue。 erupt / eruption：自然灾害类阅读高频词。 affect：灾难类阅读高频动词；语法填空考 effect / effective。 destroy：灾难报道类阅读高频；与 damage / ruin 近义辨析。 curious / curiosity：七选五心理描写高频。 阅读词汇考情： volcano / eruption：自然灾害类阅读必考话题词。 dawn / dusk：时间描写类阅读高频（2023新高考Ⅱ卷B篇）；常考 at dawn / at dusk / from dawn till dusk。 destination：旅游类应用文阅读高频（2024新高考Ⅰ卷A篇）；tourist destination 为常用搭配。 otherwise：阅读逻辑信号词，表“否则；除此以外” 命题趋势： 自然灾害与灾难防范是高考常考话题。试题常围绕“灾害发生→造成伤害→救援行动→灾后重建”的逻辑链展开。语法填空重点掌握 injure/injury/injured、curious/curiosity/curiously、erupt/eruption、affect/effect/effective 等词性转换。重点短语：break out（爆发）、a flood of（大量）、in the distance（在远处）。 Unit 3： The world online 核心词汇考情： access / accessible：科技与网络话题绝对高频词。2024年全国甲卷语法填空出现“Students in our school have access to the library all day”；2023年新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空改编中出现“The information on the website is accessible to everyone for free”。 aware / awareness：阅读中表“意识到”；常考 be aware of。 appreciate / appreciation：应用文（感谢信）写作高频；完形中常考 appreciate doing。 addict / addicted / addictive：网络成瘾话题核心词。 deliver / delivery：科技与商务类阅读高频；常考 deliver a speech / deliver goods。 instant / instantly：七选五和完形中表“立即的”。 阅读词汇考情： digital / data / privacy / security：数字生活与网络安全类阅读高频。 entertainment：网络媒体类阅读高频。 goods / cash：网络购物与电子商务话题阅读高频。 命题趋势： 网络与数字生活是近年高考热门话题。2025年全国一卷语法填空语篇介绍围棋主题艺术展，融合传统文化、人工智能与当代艺术。本单元短语高频考查：be aware of（意识到）、have access to（可使用）、sort out（整理）、belong to（属于）。语法填空重点掌握 access/accessible、aware/awareness、addict/addicted/addictive 等词性转换。 Unit 4： Scientists who changed the world 核心词汇考情： award：人物介绍类阅读高频。2021年全国甲卷阅读理解中出现“Take a view, the Landscape Photographer of the Year Award”。 survive / survival / survivor：科学人物传记类阅读必考；语法填空高频考三词转换。 experiment：科学类阅读绝对核心词；常考 do / carry out an experiment。 limit / limited / limitation：科技文阅读高频。 apply / application：科学类阅读高频；常考 apply to / apply for。 permit / permission：完形和语法填空高频；常考 ask for permission。 responsibility / responsible：科学家精神类阅读高频。 evolve / evolution：科学类阅读核心词。 阅读词汇考情： Nobel Prize / physicist / quantum / theory：科学人物传记类阅读高频识记词。 trial and error：科学探索类阅读高频短语；常考 through trial and error。 moral / scientific / wisdom / intelligent：科学家精神与品质描述类阅读高频形容词。 命题趋势： 科学家与科学精神是高考持续热点。2025年全国一卷阅读D篇聚焦微塑料污染；2025年全国二卷阅读D篇通过餐馆将食材边角料加工成美味佳肴的案例，阐释节约食物和物尽其用的可持续发展理念。试题选材关注全球性议题，引导学生从人类命运共同体的视角深入思考问题。本单元短语高频考查：thanks to（多亏）、speed up（加速）、pay off（成功）、make contributions to（做出贡献）、put forward（提出）。语法填空重点掌握 survive/survival/survivor、broad/broaden/breadth、intend/intention/intentional、apply/application/applicant 等词性转换。 考点一 unit 1-unit 4 核心词汇 知识点1 核心单词知变形 【高考导航】 1. (2026·全国Ⅰ卷阅读C篇) They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. 它们提供树荫，降低地表温度，吸收大量的空气中的碳，去除微小的污染物，并为野生动物提供栖息地，同时也带来纯粹的美感。 2. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读B篇) When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. 当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。 3. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读A篇)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive  resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. 栖息地恢复团队的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊与山谷间的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用。 4. (2025·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读A篇) As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems  with transportation – which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. 随着世界竞相实现全面脱碳，交通运输面临着特殊的问题——它约占我们能源相关温室气体排放量的四分之一。 5. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读B篇) Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? 为什么某些植物能够捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类能够食用致癌化学物质？ 6. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读D篇) With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application. 随着技术的进步，人们可以借助移动应用程序轻松地观察不同物种。 7. (2026·新高考Ⅱ卷阅读C篇) But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location. 但海拔必然是相对的：只有选择了参照点，我们才能用数字表示物体或地点的高度。 Unit 1 1.harm n.& vt.伤害,损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 2.region n.地区,区域;行政区→regional adj.地区的 3.length n.长,长度;时间的长短;篇幅,(电影)片长→lengthen vt.& vi.(使)变长;延长→long adj.长的;长期的;长久的 v.渴望→lengthy adj.漫长的;(讲话、文章等)冗长的 4.variety n.不同种类;变化,多样性;变种,变体→vary v.变化→various adj.多种多样的 5.living adj.活着的,活的;在使用的 n.生计,谋生;生活方式→live v.活着 adj.活的;实况转播的;现场表演的→lively adj.活泼的 6.survive vi.生存,存活 vt.幸存,幸免于难→survival n.幸存→survivor n.幸存者 7.disappear vi.不复存在,灭绝,消亡;消失;失踪→disappearance n.消失→[反义词] appear vi.出现 8.agriculture n.农业,农学→agricultural adj.农业的 9.extinction n.灭绝,绝种→extinct adj.灭绝的,绝种的 10.global adj.全球的;全面的→globe n.球体 11.application n.应用,运用;申请→apply v.申请;应用→applicant n.申请人 12.organization n.组织,团体;组织工作;安排;条理→organize vt.组织→organizer n.组织者 13.absolutely adv.绝对地,完全地;极其→absolute adj.绝对的,完全的 14.entirely adv.完全地,全部地,完整地→entire adj.完全的,全部的 15.profit n.利润,收益;好处 vi.& vt.获益,得到好处→profitable adj.有利润的,盈利的 16.defence n.辩护;防御,保护;防御物;国防;防守→defend vt.保护→defensive adj.防御的;保卫的;保护的 17.economic adj.经济的,经济上的;可赚钱的→economical adj.节约的;经济的→economist n.经济学家→economics n.经济学→economy n.经济 18.recycle vt.回收利用,再利用→recyclable adj.可再循环的;可回收利用的 19.poison vt.污染;毒死,毒害 n.毒物,毒药→poisonous adj.有毒的 20.chemical n.化学制品 adj.化学的;化学作用的→chemistry n.化学→chemist n.化学家;药剂师 21.further adj.更多的,更进一步的 adv.较远,更远;进一步 vt.促进,增进→far adj.& adv.远的/地→furthest/farthest adj.& adv.最远的/地 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Many people mistakenly believe that exposure to this substance is __________, but scientists have confirmed it is completely __________ to humans, causing no __________ at all. (harm) 2. To meet the required __________ of the essay, she decided to __________ her argument, though the teacher warned against making it too __________. (length) 3. The reasons for the decline are __________ and reflect a wide __________ of factors, which __________ from region to region. (variety) 4. The __________ legend, who has __________ in the mountains for years, loves telling __________ stories around the campfire. (live) 5. Only a few __________ managed to escape the burning building, and their incredible tales of __________ showed how they had to __________ on limited supplies. (survive) 6. After the magician’s assistant seemed to __________ into thin air, her unexplained __________ was soon followed by a miraculous __________ at the back of the hall. (disappear) 7. Conservationists are fighting to save animals on the brink of __________, as once a species becomes __________, it is gone forever. (extinct) 8. All __________ are required to submit their __________ forms online and demonstrate how they can __________ their skills to the job. (application) 9. The international __________ was set up to __________ relief operations, and its chief __________ is a well-known humanitarian. (organization) 10. The experiment requires __________ accuracy; the results must be __________ precise. (absolute) 11. He devoted his __________ career to the research, and his commitment was __________ admirable. (entire) 12. The non-profit organization does not aim to make a __________, yet it runs in a very __________ way. (profit) 13. The country’s __________ budget was increased to __________ against potential threats, and they built a series of __________ barriers along the border. (defence) 14. The severe __________ downturn affected the global __________, and many prominent __________ suggest that we must adopt more __________ lifestyles. (economy) 15. After driving __________ into the desert than planned, they needed to __________ their journey to the __________ oasis. (far) 【答案】1. harmful, harmless, harm 2. length, lengthen, lengthy 3. various, variety, vary 4. living, lived, lively 5. survivors, survival, survive 6. disappear, disappearance, appearance 7. extinction, extinct 8. applicants, application, apply 9.organization, organize, organizer 10. absolute, absolutely 11.entire, entirely 12. profit, profitable 13. defence, defend, defensive 14. economic, economy, economists, economical 15. farther/further, further, farthest/furthest Unit 2 1.injure vt.伤害,使受伤;损害→ injury n.伤害;损伤→injured adj.受伤的 2.reaction n.反应,回应;抗拒;化学反应→react vi.反应,回应 3.confirm vt.证实,确认;使确信;批准→confirmation n.证实,证明 4.relief n.宽慰,轻松;减轻,消除;救济→relieve vt.解除,减轻 5.destructive adj.引起破坏 (或毁灭)的,破坏(或毁灭)性的→destructively adv.毁灭性地→destruction n.破坏;毁灭→destroy v.破坏;毁灭 6.inform vt.了解,熟悉;通知→information n.信息→informed adj.有学问的;有见识的 7.shock n.震惊,惊愕;剧烈震动 vt.使震惊→shocking adj.非常糟糕的;令人震惊的→shocked adj.震惊的 8.scare vt.& vi.惊吓,害怕n.恐慌;惊吓→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的;吓人的 9.power n.电,电力;权力;政权;控制力;能力;能量;力量v.激励;给…提供动力→[反义词]powerless adj.无力的;无能的→powerful adj.有影响力的 10.donate vt.捐赠,赠送;献(血)→donation n.捐赠物,捐赠→donor n.捐赠者 11.curious adj.好奇的;奇特的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n.好奇心 12.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发;突然发生→eruption n.突然发生;(火山)爆发 13.unbearable adj.难耐的,无法忍受的→[反义词] bearable adj.可忍受的→bear vt.忍受n.熊 14.distance n.遥远,久远;距离;差异;疏远→distant adj.遥远的;疏远的;冷淡的;远亲的 15.rescue n.& vt.救援,营救,抢救→rescuer n.救助者 16.sharp adj.灵敏的;锋利的;急剧的;明显的;尖锐的;强烈的→sharpen vt.& vi.(使…)变得锋利→sharply adv.猛烈地;急剧地;大幅度地 17.locate vt.找出…的准确位置;把…安置在(或建造于)→location n.地方;地点 18.retire vi.& vt.退休,退职→retirement n.退休→retired adj.退休的 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Despite the severe __________ to his spine, the __________ soldier refused to leave the battlefield. (injure) 2. The audience's immediate __________ was positive, causing them to __________ with thunderous applause. (react) 3. The manager demanded written __________ to __________ that the payment had been processed. (confirm) 4. It was a great __________ to finally __________ the stress after the demanding exam. (relief) 5. The hurricane proved so __________ that it caused widespread __________ and nearly __________ the entire coastal town. (destructive) 6. Having been fully __________ of the deadline, the well-__________ committee made a wise decision based on accurate __________. (inform) 7. Had they been aware of the __________ truth, they would not have been so __________ by the announcement, but the sudden __________ left everyone speechless. (shock) 8. The __________ movie gave her such a __________ that she remained __________ for hours, unable to move. (scare) 9. Although he held great __________, he felt utterly __________ against the board's decision, while his speech remained __________ and inspiring. (power) 10. The blood __________ saved three lives, and the generous __________ who __________ it wished to remain anonymous. (donate) 11. Driven by __________, the child __________ peeked into the mysterious room, her __________ eyes wide with wonder. (curious) 12. The violent __________ of the long-dormant volcano forced thousands to flee, and experts warned it might __________ again soon. (erupt) 13. The silence became __________, but with soft music it grew more __________, and she could finally __________ the loneliness. (bear) 【答案】 1. injury, injured 2. reaction, react 3. confirmation, confirm 4. relief, relieve 5. destructive, destruction, destroyed 6. informed, informed, information 7. shocking, shocked, shock 8. scary, scare, scared 9. power, powerless, powerful 10. donation, donor, donated 11. curiosity, curiously, curious 12. eruption, erupt 13. unbearable, bearable, bear Unit 3 1.comic n.连环漫画;喜剧演员 adj.滑稽的;喜剧的→comedy n.喜剧→comedian n.喜剧演员 2.access n.机会,权利;入径,通道 vt.到达,进入,使用→accessible adj.可使用的;可进入的;易接近的 3.majority n.大部分,大多数;多数票→major adj.主要的;多数的n.主修课程vi.主修 4.commerce n.商务,商业,贸易→commercial adj.商业化的;赢利的→commercialize v.商业化 5.deliver vt.递送,传送;发表,宣布;交出→delivery n.递送;分娩 6.arrangement n.安排;布置;约定;排列→arrange vt. & vi.整理,布置;安排,筹备 7.establish vt.建立(关系或联系);设立;确立;使得到认可;查实,确定→establishment n.机构;建立→established adj.已确立的;已获确认的;确定的 8.aware adj.知道,意识到;察觉到,发觉;有…意识的→awareness n.意识;知道;认识→[反义词]unaware adj.不知道,没意识到;未察觉到 9.remove vt.删除;移走;开除→removal n.移除;消除;清除;解职 10.belong vi.应在(某处);能适应→belongings n.所有物;财产 11.technical adj.技术的,技能的;专门技术的;专业的→technically adv.技术上地→technique n.技术;技能 12.entertainment n.娱乐活动;招待,娱乐→entertain vt.& vi.招待;款待→entertaining adj.使人愉快的,有趣的 13.addict n.对…入迷的人;瘾君子→addicted adj.对…着迷的→addiction n.上瘾;着迷;嗜好→addictive adj.使人上瘾的;使人入迷的 14.appreciate vt.欣赏,赏识;感谢;理解,意识到→appreciation n.感激;欣赏;理解→appreciative adj.感激的;欣赏的 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. The __________ book series was adapted into a hit __________, and the leading __________ won numerous awards. (comic) 2. The database provides easy __________ to thousands of journals, and its user-friendly interface makes it __________ even for non-experts to __________ the files. (access) 3. The overwhelming __________ decided to choose a __________ in economics, believing it would give them a __________ advantage. (major) 4. E-__________ has boomed, but many fear it will __________ traditional holidays, turning them into purely __________ events. (commerce) 5. After a long labor, the doctor successfully __________ the twins, and the smooth __________ brought great relief to the family. (deliver) 6. Despite the chaos, she managed to __________ a meeting, and the __________ was satisfactory to everyone. (arrange) 7. The campaign aims to raise __________ of environmental issues, but many people remain __________ of the consequences, while those who are __________ are actively taking measures. (aware) 8. After the scandal, the CEO was swiftly __________ from his position, and his __________ caused a major shake-up. (remove) 9. After the fire, they lost all their __________, but they were grateful to still __________ to a loving community. (belong) 10. The __________ manual was difficult to understand, but __________ speaking, her __________ of performing the experiment was correct. (technical) 11. The clown tried to __________ the children, but his __________ tricks failed to provide any real __________. (entertain) 12. Smartphone games are highly __________, and many __________ find it hard to overcome their __________. (addict) 【答案】 1. comic, comedy, comedian 2. access, accessible, access 3. majority, major, major 4.commerce, commercialize, commercial 5.delivered, delivery 6.arrange, arrangement 7.awareness, unaware, aware 8.removed, removal 9.belongings, belong 10.technical, technically, technique 11.entertain, entertaining, entertainment 12.addictive, addicts, addiction Unit 4 1.survival n.生存,存活;残存物,幸存事物→survive v.生存;幸存→survivor n.幸存者 2.broad adj.广泛的;宽阔的,广阔的;概括的;开阔的→broadly adv.大体上→broaden v.拓宽 3.intend vt.& vi.想要,计划;意指→intention n.目的;意图;打算→intended adj.计划的;为…打算(或设计)的 4.experiment n.实验,试验;尝试,实践vi.做试验,进行实验;尝试→experimental adj.实验性的;试验性的 5.container n.容器;集装箱,货柜→contain vt.包含;控制 6.sufficient adj.足够的,充足的→[反义词] insufficient adj.不够的;不充足的→sufficiency n.充足;足量 7.beneficial adj.有益的,有用的→benefit v.使受益;得益于 n.益处;好处 8.conduct vt.& vi.组织,实施;指挥;引导;举止 n.行为;实施办法→conductor n.指挥;售票员→conduction n.(热或电等能量的)传导 9.illustrate vt.说明,解释;加插图于→illustration n.说明;插图 10.surround vt.围绕,环绕;包围;与…紧密相关→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n.周围;环境 11.indicate vt.表明;暗示;提及;指出→indication n.表明;显示→indicative adj.表明;显示 12.accident n.意外,偶然的事;事故,意外遭遇→accidental adj.意外的;偶然的 13.intelligent adj.有才智的,聪明的;有智力的→intelligence n.智力 14.favour vt. (AmE favor)较喜欢;偏袒;有助于 n.帮助,好事;赞同;偏袒→favourable adj.赞成的;有利的;支持的→favourite adj.最喜爱的n.最喜爱的人或物 15.politician n.政治家,从政者;投机钻营者→politics n.政治(学)→political adj.政治的 16.electricity n.电,电能→electric adj.电的,发电的,电动的 17.theory n.学说,论;原理;看法,意见→ theoretical adj.理论的→ theoretically adv.理论上地 18.involve vt.包含;牵涉,影响;(使)参加→involved adj.参与;有关联→involvement n.参与;投入;卷入;牵连 19.scientific adj.科学的,关于科学的;细致严谨的→science n.科学→scientist n.科学家 20.mystery n.神秘;神秘的人(或事物);悬疑作品→mysterious adj.神秘的 21.ignorance n.无知→ignore vt.忽视;不理睬→ignorant adj.无知的 22.freedom n.自由→free adj.自由的;免费的v.使摆脱;解放;松开→freely adv.自由地 23.permit vt.& vi.允许,准许,许可;使有可能 n.许可证;执照→permission n.[U]允许,许可, 批准 24.responsibility n.责任,负责;职责,义务→responsible adj.负责的→irresponsible adj.不负责任的 25.declare vt.表明,宣称;公布,宣布;申报→declaration n.宣告;公告 26.nationality n.国籍;民族→national adj.国家的;全国的;民族的→nation n.国家;民族 27.evolution n.进化;演变,发展→evolve v.进化;逐渐演变,逐步发展 28.marriage n.结婚,婚姻;已婚状态→marry v.结婚 速效练笔 用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. Only a few __________ managed to __________ the disaster, and their tales of __________ became a testament to human resilience. (survive) 2. To __________ his horizons, he traveled to various countries, which gave him a __________ understanding of different cultures and, __________ speaking, changed his worldview. (broad) 3. The program was originally __________ for beginners, but contrary to the initial __________, it attracted advanced learners who __________ to push their limits. (intend) 4. The researchers conducted a series of __________ to test the __________ therapy, and they were allowed to __________ only under strict supervision. (experiment) 5. The specially designed __________, which can __________ up to 200 liters of corrosive liquid, is made of reinforced steel. (contain) 6. Although the initial data seemed __________, the __________ of evidence was later challenged, and it turned out to be __________ to support the claim. (sufficient) 7. Regular exercise is highly __________ to your health, and you can __________ greatly from it; the __________ of physical activity are well-documented. (benefit) 8. The famous __________ was praised not only for his musical talent but also for his professional __________, and he even lectured on the __________ of heat as a hobby. (conduct) 9. To __________ the concept, the teacher drew a detailed __________ on the board, which made the lesson more engaging. (illustrate) 10. The ancient temple, __________ by towering trees, blends into its natural __________, and the __________ scenery is breathtaking. (surround) 11. The dark clouds were __________ of an approaching storm, a clear __________ that we should cancel the trip, which was further __________ by the weather forecast. (indicate) 12. The fire was a tragic __________, but investigators determined it was __________, not intentional. (accident) 13. Artificial __________ has advanced rapidly, and some machines now display __________ behavior that rivals humans. (intelligent) 14. The proposal received __________ reviews, and the CEO’s __________ for it was evident; it was clearly his __________ initiative. (favour) 15. The seasoned __________ was deeply involved in __________ and had a keen understanding of __________ affairs. (politics) 16. The __________ shock he got from the faulty wire was a reminder of the dangers of __________, and the __________ fence around the substation was a safety measure. (electricity) 17. Scientists expected the device to work __________, based on __________ principles, but the __________ was not proven. (theory) 18. His active __________ in the project meant he was deeply __________ in the decision-making, which __________ a great deal of teamwork. (involve) 19. The __________ method is fundamental to modern __________, and every __________ must adhere to its rigorous standards. (science) 20. The __________ of the missing artifact remained unsolved, and the __________ circumstances surrounding its disappearance baffled the investigators. (mystery) 【答案】 1. survivors, survive, survival 2. broaden, broad, broadly 3. intended, intention, intended 4. experiments, experimental, experiment 5. container, contain 6. sufficient, sufficiency, insufficient 7. beneficial, benefit, benefits 8.conductor, conduct, conduction 9.illustrate, illustration 10. surrounded, surroundings, surrounding 11. indicative, indication, indicated 12. accident, accidental 13. intelligence, intelligent 14. favourable, favour, favourite 15. politician, politics, political 16. electric, electricity, electric 17. theoretically, theoretical, theory 18. involvement, involved, involves 19. scientific, science, scientist 20. mystery, mysterious 知识点2　核心单词知拼写 Unit 1 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.soil 　n.土壤;国土,领土,土地 2.overseas adj.海外的,国外的adv.在海外,向国外 3.million num.一百万;许多,大量 4.species n.(pl.species) 种,物种 5.wildlife n.野生动植物,野生生物 6.beneath prep.在…下面,在…下方;配不上 7.mass n.大量;团,块,一大群adj.大批的,广泛的 8.thus adv.因此,从而;这样 9.impact n.影响,作用;撞击,冲撞 vi.& vt.有影响;冲击 10.damage vt.& n.损害,伤害,损坏,破坏 11.climate n.气候;倾向,风气 12.image n.形象;图像;意象 13.deer n.(pl.deer) 鹿 14.track vt.& vi.跟踪,追踪n.足迹,踪迹;小道;轨道;跑道;路线 15.nowhere adv.无处,哪里都不 16.chief n.首领,最高领导人adj.主要的;首席的 17.smog n.雾霾,烟雾 18.protest vi.反对,抗议vt.反对;坚持声称,申辩n.抗议,反对 19.process n.过程,进程;步骤,流程 vt.加工,处理 20.policy n.政策,方针;原则 21.branch n.(政府或机构)部门;分部;树枝;支流;分支 22.subway n.地铁;地下人行道 23.former adj.昔日的,前任的;以前的,从前的 24.official n.官员,要员adj.公务的;正式的,官方的 25.poverty n.贫穷,贫困;贫乏 26.consequence n.结果,后果;重要性 短文故事识记 李明曾留学 overseas（海外的），见过 million（百万）奇妙的 species（物种），心中却始终牵挂着故乡的 soil（土壤）与 wildlife（野生动植物）。然而学成归来，眼前景象令他心碎。Beneath（在……下面）厚重的 smog（雾霾），deer（鹿）的 track（足迹）消失得 nowhere（无处）可寻。Mass（大批的）工厂日夜排放，严重 damage（损害）了 climate（气候），其负面 impact（影响）深及几代人。Thus（因此），他毅然发起 protest（抗议），搭乘 subway（地铁）直奔市政厅，向 chief（首席的） official（官员）展示污染前后的对比 image（图像），痛陈 poverty（贫困）与生态恶化的恶性 consequence（后果）。Former（昔日的）田园风光已成记忆，唯有重塑 policy（政策）才有出路。在各 branch（部门；分支）的通力配合下，漫长的整改 process（过程）终于启动：工厂被关停，河流被净化，蓝天重现，鹿群归林。李明明白，对土地的热爱，终将让希望破土重生。 Unit 2 1.disaster　n.灾难,灾害;彻底失败 2.crash n.碰撞声,破裂声;碰撞;崩溃vi.& vt.碰撞,撞击;崩溃 3.signal vi.& vt.发信号,示意;标志n.信号,暗号;标志;信号灯 4.exit vt.& vi.出去,离去,退场;退出n.出口,通道;离开 5.orderly adj.有秩序的,有条理的,整齐的 6.roll n.名单;卷;一管;翻滚vi.& vt.翻滚,滚动;翻身;卷起 7.hug vt.拥抱,搂抱;抱紧 8.procedure n.程序,步骤,手续 9.occur vi.发生,出现;存在于 10.conference n.会议,研讨会;讨论,商谈 11.supply n.补给,补给品;供应;供应量,储备vt.供应,供给,提供 12.charity n.慈善机构(或组织);慈善,施舍;仁爱,宽容 13.staff n.全体职工;管理人员vt.在…工作,任职于 14.slide n.幻灯片;降低;滑行;山崩vi.& vt.滑行;逐渐陷入 15.flood n.洪水,水灾;大量vi.& vt.淹没,泛滥;大量涌入;充满 16.otherwise adv.否则,不然;除此以外 17.unearth vt.使出土,挖掘,发掘;发现,找到 18.destination n.目的地,终点 19.dawn n.黎明,破晓;开端,萌芽vi.开始;开始清楚 20.beyond adv.在(或向)较远处,在另一边prep.在(或向)更远处;超出;晚于;无法;超出…之外 短文故事识记 Dawn（黎明）刚至，一场可怕的 disaster（灾难）突然 occur（发生）。连日暴雨引发山体 slide（滑坡），泥石流如 flood（洪水）般倾泻，发出震耳欲聋的 crash（碰撞声），瞬间冲毁了通往 destination（目的地）的唯一道路。指挥中心立即 signal（发信号）启动应急 procedure（程序），全体 staff（职员） orderly（有条理地）核对救援 roll（名单）。多家 charity（慈善机构）紧急调配 supply（补给），通过线上 conference（会议）协调行动。队长果断下令，必须从 beyond（在……另一边）山脊的备用 exit（出口）徒步突进，otherwise（否则）被困者将再无生还机会。搜救犬穿越废墟，终于 unearth（发现）了埋压人员。当幸存者被安全抬出，队员们含泪 hug（拥抱）在一起。这一刻，绝境中的坚守迎来了生命的曙光。 Unit 3 1.obviously adv.显然,明显地 2.extent n.程度,限度;范围 3.click n.点击,单击;咔哒声vi.& vt.使发出咔哒声;点击,单击 4.military adj.军事的,军队的 5.affair n.公共事务,政治事务;事件,事情 6.goods n.商品,货品;私人财产 7.site n.网站,站点;地点;现场 8.cash n.现金;金钱,资金 9.instant adj.立即的,立刻的;方便的n.瞬间,片刻;某一时刻 10.comment n.议论,评论;批评,指责vi.& vt.表达意见 11.surf vt.& vi.(互联网上)冲浪,浏览;进行冲浪运动 12.request vt.要求,请求n.要求,请求;要求的事 13.mobile adj.可移动的,非固定的;行动方便 的;流动的n.手机 14.device n.设备,仪器;手段,技巧 15.quit vt.& vi.(quit,quit;quitted,quitted)停止,戒掉;离开 16.scary adj.恐怖的,吓人的 17.somehow adv.不知怎么地;以某种方式(或方法) 18.reveal vt.展示,显出;揭示,透露 短文故事识记 张华曾是一名 military（军事的）工程师，退役后却 obviously（显然）迷上了 mobile（手机）购物。他整日 surf（浏览）各大购物 site（网站），只需轻轻一 click（点击），心仪的 goods（商品）便会送上门来。他几乎不再使用 cash（现金），一部小小的 device（设备）就包办了所有支付。然而，当便利发展到一定 extent（程度），竟变得 scary（恐怖的）。某天，他收到一条陌生 request（请求），邀请他为一款新型望远镜发表 comment（评论）。他照做的 instant（瞬间），手机便弹出涉密警告——那望远镜竟涉及国防 affair（事务）。他惊慌不已，somehow（不知怎么地）个人账户信息被 reveal（揭示）给了境外机构。至此他才幡然醒悟，果断 quit（戒掉）了无节制的网购，删除了那些危险的兼职评论。虚拟世界的暗流，远比表面看到的更加汹涌。 Unit 4 1.deadly adj.致命的;十足的,彻底的 2.province n.省,省份 3.trial n.试用,试验;审讯,审判;考验vi.& vt.测试,试验 4.limited adj.有限的 5.postpone vt.延迟,延期 6.data n.数据,资料,材料 7.error n.错误,差错 8.wisdom n.智慧,知识,学问;才智;明智 9.thunderstorm n.雷雨,雷暴 10.charge vt.& vi.充电;收费;控告;谴责;使…承担责任;使充满n.收费;控告;谴责;掌管 11.bomb n.炸弹;核武器 vt.轰炸 12.credit n.赞扬,认可;信用vt.存入金额;把…归于 13.moral adj.道德的;道义上的;品行端正的n.品行,道德;寓意 14.apply vt.& vi.应用;申请;涂;有关 15.intellectual adj.脑力的;有才智的,智力发达的 n.知识分子,脑力劳动者 16.authority n.权威,权力;官方 17.publish vt.出版,发行;发表;公布 短文故事识记 一位来自南方 province（省份）的年轻 intellectual（知识分子）深知 wisdom（智慧）的力量并非 limited（有限的）。他领导的团队正进行一项 trial（试验），试图将一种新材料 apply（应用）于电池 charge（充电）技术。然而，一场突如其来的 thunderstorm（雷暴）迫使实验 postpone（延期）。 更糟的是，核心 data（数据）出现了一个 deadly（致命的） error（错误），导致后续计算全部作废。有人建议隐瞒，但这触碰了他的 moral（道德的）底线。他毅然选择向 authority（官方）如实汇报，并将失败经验写成论文 publish（发表）。出乎意料，这篇坦诚的文章为他赢得了学界的 credit（赞扬），如同一枚真相 bomb（炸弹），炸开了浮夸的学术风气。 考点二 unit 1~unit 4 阅读词汇 知识点1 阅读单词知词义 Unit 1 1.ecosystem n.生态系统 2.continent　n.大陆,陆地,洲 3.biodiversity n.生物多样性 4.nut n.坚果 5.towering adj.高大的,高耸的;出色的 6.hardwood n.阔叶树;硬材(阔叶树的木材) 7.frog n.蛙,青蛙 8.insect n.昆虫 9.microorganism n.微生物 10.nutrient n.营养素,营养物 11.carbon n.碳 12.oxygen n.氧,氧气 13.cattle n.牛 14.greenhouse n.温室,暖房 15.gas n.气体;煤气;汽油 16.drought n.旱灾,久旱 17.brochure n.小册子 18.belt n.地带,地区;腰带;传送带 19.medal n.奖章,勋章 20.shark n.鲨鱼 21.whale n.鲸 22.habitat n.生活环境,栖息地 23.dolphin n.海豚 24.resident n.居民,住户 25.committee n.委员会 26.strategy n.策略,行动计划;策划,部署 Unit 1 A scientist traveled to a remote __________ (continent) and picked up a __________ (brochure) about a unique __________ (ecosystem). The booklet highlighted the rich __________ (biodiversity) of the coastal __________ (belt), where __________ (towering) __________ (hardwood) trees provided a perfect __________ (habitat) for a rare tree __________ (frog), colorful __________ (insect)s, and countless __________ (microorganism)s. Fallen __________ (nut)s decomposed into the soil, releasing __________ (nutrient)s. The forest absorbed __________ (carbon) and produced __________ (oxygen). However, nearby __________ (cattle) farms and __________ (greenhouse)s emitted excessive __________ (gas), worsening the annual __________ (drought). Local __________ (resident)s, who relied on __________ (dolphin)s, __________ (whale)s, and even __________ (shark)s for tourism, were deeply worried. A special __________ (committee) was formed, and a new conservation __________ (strategy) was implemented. For her dedication, the scientist received a national __________ (medal). 【答案】continent 大陆；brochure 小册子；ecosystem 生态系统；biodiversity 生物多样性；belt 地带；towering 高耸的；hardwood 阔叶树；habitat 栖息地；frog 青蛙；insect 昆虫；microorganism 微生物；nut 坚果；nutrient 营养素；carbon 碳；oxygen 氧气；cattle 牛；greenhouse 温室；gas 气体；drought 旱灾；resident 居民；dolphin 海豚；whale 鲸；shark 鲨鱼；committee 委员会；strategy 策略；medal 奖章 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 2 1.county　 n.郡,县 2.tsunami n.海啸 3.odd adj.奇怪的,怪异的;偶尔的;不成对的 4.bubble n.泡沫,泡,气泡 5.typhoon n.台风 6.pole n.柱,杆;极 7.hurricane n.飓风 8.fund n.资金;基金 9.document n.文件,公文;(计算机中的)文档 10.Roman adj.古罗马的;罗马的n.古罗马人;罗马人 11.bar n.酒吧;小馆子;吧台;条,块;栏杆;障碍 vt.封;阻挡;阻止 12.import n.进口产品,输入的产品;输入 vt.进口,引进 13.export n.出口产品,输出的产品;出口,输出 vt.出口,输出 14.port n.港口,避风港;港口城市 15.cloud-capped adj.高耸入云的,耸入云霄的 16.ashy adj.覆盖着灰的;灰色的 17.volcano n.火山 18.trunk n.树干 19.pattern n.图案,花样;模式;范例;模型 20.column n.柱,圆柱;柱状物;栏;专栏;队,列 Unit 2 In a coastal __________ (county), a __________ (cloud-capped) __________ (volcano) overlooks the __________ (port). This was once a __________ (Roman) trading post, famous for its marble __________ (column)s and carved stone __________ (trunk)s with spiral __________ (pattern)s. One morning, __________ (odd) __________ (bubble)s appeared in the harbor. The town used emergency __________ (fund)s to issue a __________ (tsunami) alert. An ancient __________ (document) found behind an iron __________ (bar) in the temple revealed a similar disaster. Historically, the city would __________ (import) spices and __________ (export) wine. That season, a severe __________ (typhoon) struck, followed by a __________ (hurricane), leaving the sky __________ (ashy) with volcanic dust. The lighthouse __________ (pole) was bent but did not break. 【答案】 county 郡，县；cloud-capped 高耸入云的；volcano 火山；port 港口；Roman 古罗马的；column 柱，圆柱；trunk 树干；pattern 图案，花样；odd 奇怪的；bubble 气泡；fund 资金；tsunami 海啸；document 文件；bar 栏杆；import 进口；export 出口；typhoon 台风；hurricane 飓风；ashy 覆盖着灰的；pole 柱，杆 Unit 3 1.webcam　n.网络摄像头 2.pot n.壶,瓶,罐;锅 3.emoji n.表情符号 4.frontier n.国界,边界;尖端,边缘 5.billion num.十亿 6.button n.按键;纽扣 7.recipe n.食谱;方法,秘诀 8.boot n.靴子 9.software n.软件 10.guideline n.准则,指导方针;参考 11.file n.文件;文件夹;档案 12.ballet n.芭蕾舞;芭蕾舞剧;芭蕾舞团 13.upload vt.上载,上传 14.download vt.下载 15.percentage n.百分率,百分比;提成 16.battery n.电池 17.journal n.日记;报纸,杂志 18.wide-ranging adj.覆盖面广的,内容广泛的 19.opera n.歌剧;歌剧院 20.badminton n.羽毛球运动 Unit 3 She turned on the __________ (pot) in the kitchen and adjusted the __________ (webcam) to start a cooking livestream. She posted a cute __________ (emoji) on the screen, which attracted viewers from beyond the __________ (frontier), and the views quickly surpassed one __________ (billion). She pressed the record __________ (button), ready to share this family __________ (recipe) online. But the __________ (software) prompted her to update a related __________ (file). Wearing rain __________ (boot)s, she rushed out to buy batteries because her phone __________ (battery) had only a tiny __________ (percentage) left. Following the __________ (guideline)s, she managed to __________ (upload) the video to the cloud and also __________ (download) some clips of __________ (ballet) and __________ (opera) for editing. At night, she wrote in her __________ (journal): "Life needs __________ (wide-ranging) hobbies — for instance, I have a __________ (badminton) game with friends tomorrow." 【答案】pot 壶，罐，锅；webcam 网络摄像头；emoji 表情符号；frontier 国界，边界；billion 十亿；button 按键，纽扣；recipe 食谱；software 软件；file 文件；boot 靴子；battery 电池；percentage 百分率，百分比；guideline 准则，指导方针；upload 上载，上传；download 下载；ballet 芭蕾舞；opera 歌剧；journal 日记；wide-ranging 覆盖面广的；badminton 羽毛球运动 Unit 4 1.republic n.共和国,共和政体 2.malaria n.疟疾 3.extract n.提取物;选录 vt.提取;选录;取出;设法得到 4.herb n.药草,香草;草本 5.household adj.家庭的,家用的,家务的n.一家人,家庭 6.penicillin n.青霉素,盘尼西林 7.mould (AmE mold)n.霉菌;模具;类型 vt.浇铸;塑造 8.bacteria n.(sing.bacterium) 细菌 9.lightning n.闪电 10.ribbon n.带子,丝带;带状物 11.metal n.金属 12.bang n.突然的巨响;猛敲,猛击vi.& vt. 砸;砰地关上;猛摔;碰撞 13.standout adj.突出的 n.突出的人 (或物)  14.atomic adj.原子能的;原子的 15.evil n.罪恶,罪行;害处,坏处 adj.恶毒的;有害的;恶魔的 16.negate vt.取消,使无效;否认,否定 Unit 4 In a small island __________ (republic), a severe outbreak of __________ (malaria) threatened every __________ (household). A determined scientist discovered a powerful __________ (extract) from a rare __________ (herb) that could kill the deadly __________ (bacteria). He cultivated a special __________ (mould) in his laboratory and successfully produced __________ (penicillin). One stormy night, __________ (lightning) struck the __________ (metal) rod outside his window with a deafening __________ (bang). The flash briefly illuminated a blue __________ (ribbon) tied around his research notes. This breakthrough was a __________ (standout) moment in medical history, proving that even the invisible __________ (atomic) world could be harnessed to defeat the __________ (evil) of infectious disease. Although some rivals attempted to __________ (negate) his findings, the lives saved spoke louder than any criticism. 【答案】republic 共和国；malaria 疟疾；household 家庭；extract 提取物；herb 药草；bacteria 细菌；mould 霉菌；penicillin 青霉素；lightning 闪电；metal 金属；bang 突然的巨响；ribbon 带子；standout 突出的；atomic 原子的；evil 罪恶；negate 否定 知识点2 核心短语知辨析 Unit 1 1.in turn相应地,转而 2.break down使分解(为),使变化(成) 3.breathe life into给…带来起色,注入活力 4.due to由于,因为 5.build up逐渐增加,扩大 6.come up with想出,想到 7.call for (公开)要求;需要 8.spring to mind突然记起(或想到) 9.get rid of摆脱,丢弃,扔掉 10.give rise to使发生(或存在) 11.bring...close/near to extinction使…濒临灭绝 12.be made up of由…组成 13.sign up报名 序号匹配 英文 中文 1—H 1. in turn A. 由于，因为 2. break down B. 报名 3. breathe life into C. 使……濒临灭绝 4. due to D. 由……组成 5. build up E. 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉 6. come up with F. 使发生（或存在） 7. call for G. 给……带来起色，注入活力 8. spring to mind H. 相应地，转而 9. get rid of I. 逐渐增加，扩大 10. give rise to J. 想出，想到 11. bring...close/near to extinction K. 使分解（为），使变化（成） 12. be made up of L. （公开）要求；需要 13. sign up M. 突然记起（或想到） 答案：1-H, 2-K, 3-G, 4-A, 5-I, 6-J, 7-L, 8-M, 9-E, 10-F, 11-C, 12-D, 13-B Unit 2 1.at large整个,全部 2.roll call点名 3.safe and sound安然无恙的 4.occur to被想到,浮现在脑中 5.keep one’s head (在困境中)保持冷静 6.run out of用完,耗尽 7.take the form of呈现…的形状;采取…的形式 8.break out突然开始,爆发 9.far and wide 到处,各处 10.hold on to抓紧,不放开;(替别人或更长时间地)保存某物 11.stay away from远离 序号匹配 英文 中文 1. break out A. 安然无恙的 2. at large B. 点名 3. stay away from C. 被想到，浮现在脑中 4. roll call D. 抓紧，不放开；(替别人或更长时间地)保存某物 5. safe and sound E. 远离 6. keep one's head F. 突然开始，爆发 7. take the form of G. 整个，全部 8. far and wide H. 用完，耗尽 9. occur to I. 到处，各处 10. hold on to J. (在困境中)保持冷静 11. run out of K. 呈现……的形状；采取……的形式 答案： 1-F, 2-G, 3-E, 4-B, 5-A, 6-J, 7-K, 8-I, 9-C, 10-D, 11-H Unit 3 1.take off 突然大受欢迎,迅速流行 2.get in touch with与…取得联系 3.to a certain extent在一定程度上 4.at one’s fingertips掌握(信息),熟悉、精通(知识等),了如指掌 5.bring up使显示在计算机屏幕上,调出;提出 6.above all else最重要的是,尤其是 7.get in the way阻挡,阻碍 8.belong to属于,归…所有 9.set up创建,建立 10.take advantage of利用 11.be glued to sth全神贯注看着某物,离某物很近 12.shoot past飞驰而过 13.knock sb off one’s feet撞倒某人,使某人双脚离地 14.be lost in全神贯注,沉浸于 15.cut back on减少,削减 序号匹配 英文 中文 1. be glued to sth A. 与……取得联系 2. shoot past B. 创建，建立 3. take off C. 减少，削减 4. knock sb off one's feet D. 属于，归……所有 5. above all else E. 在一定程度上 6. bring up F. 飞驰而过 7. be lost in G. 突然大受欢迎，迅速流行 8. set up H. 阻挡，阻碍 9. take advantage of I. 掌握（信息），熟悉、精通（知识等），了如指掌 10. belong to J. 最重要的是，尤其是 11. cut back on K. 使显示在计算机屏幕上，调出；提出 12. at one's fingertips L. 全神贯注看着某物，离某物很近 13. to a certain extent M. 利用 14. get in touch with N. 全神贯注，沉浸于 15. get in the way O. 撞倒某人，使某人双脚离地 答案： 1-L, 2-F, 3-G, 4-O, 5-J, 6-K, 7-N, 8-B, 9-M, 10-D, 11-C, 12-I, 13-E, 14-A, 15-H Unit 4 1.refer to 　查阅,参考;提到,谈及 2.speed up (使)加速 3.pay off 成功,奏效,达到目的 4.through trial and error 反复试验 5.draw on 利用,动用 6.by accident偶然,意外地 7.far from远非,几乎相反 8.work out 计算出;锻炼;解决 9.with a bang  很成功;引人注目,有强烈影响 10.let sb down 使某人失望 11.as to 关于,至于 12.take it for granted想当然地认为,认为…是理所当然 13.put forward 提出,提议,建议 序号匹配 英文 中文 1. far from A. 查阅，参考；提到，谈及 2. with a bang B. 想当然地认为，认为……是理所当然 3. through trial and error C. 使某人失望 4. pay off D. 提出，提议，建议 5. refer to E. （使）加速 6. work out F. 偶然，意外地 7. let sb down G. 反复试验 8. draw on H. 远非，几乎相反 9. take it for granted I. 很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响 10. by accident J. 计算出；锻炼；解决 11. put forward K. 利用，动用 12. speed up L. 成功，奏效，达到目的 13. as to M. 关于，至于 答案： 1-H, 2-I, 3-G, 4-L, 5-A, 6-J, 7-C, 8-K, 9-B, 10-F, 11-D, 12-E, 13-M 一、 真题实战 1. （2026·全国Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C篇）In line with longstanding initiatives to expand its green spaces, New York City is planting tens of thousands of trees each year. They provide shade, lower surface temperatures, absorb a surprising amount of airborne carbon, remove tiny pollutants, and provide wildlife habitat along with just plain beauty. Something could go wrong, though, according to a new study. Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city‘s trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and industry to form ground-level ozone (臭氧)—a major factor in many breathing problems. The research, carried out by scientists at the Columbia Climate School and other institutions, found that if the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%, and resulting summer ozone levels as much as 30%. “We’re all for planting more trees. They bring so many good things,” said study coauthor Róisín Commane. “But if we‘re not careful, we could make air quality worse.” 28. What does the new study imply regarding oaks and sweetgums? A. They affect the growth of other trees. B. They absorb less carbon than expected. C. They harm people’s health indirectly. D. They raise the local temperature slowly. 答案：C 解析： 文中指出橡树和枫香树释放异戊二烯（isoprene），该物质与氮氧化物反应形成地面臭氧，而臭氧是“a major factor in many breathing problems”（许多呼吸问题的主要因素），因此这些树木间接危害人体健康。A项“影响其他树木生长”、B项“吸收碳少于预期”、D项“缓慢升高当地温度”均未提及。故选C。 【思维建模】habitat（栖息地）和chemical（化学物质）为Unit 1核心词汇。科普说明文中，因果关系链（A释放→B反应→C形成→D危害）是命题重点。解答推理题时，需理清文中的因果链条，判断选项是否与原文逻辑一致。 2.（2026·全国Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A篇） SoFi Stadium Events This Month SoFi Stadium is hosting a series of exciting events this month. Digital parking passes are required for all vehicles. Your parking zone is indicated on their color-coded digital parking pass. If you enter through the wrong access point, you‘ll be turned around and redirected—so plan ahead. Each parking zone consists of multiple lots, designed to efficiently manage traffic across the venue‘s network. Make sure to download your parking pass to your smartphone before arrival. 23. What are visitors advised to do before going to the stadium? A. Print their parking tickets at home. B. Download the parking pass to their phone. C. Arrive at the parking lot two hours early. D. Contact the stadium for parking instructions. 答案：B 解析： 文中明确建议“Make sure to download your parking pass to your smartphone before arrival”，即出发前将停车证下载到手机。A项“在家打印停车票”、C项“提前两小时到达停车场”、D项“联系场馆获取停车指示”均未提及。digital和download直接对应B项，故选B。 【思维建模】digital（数字的）和download（下载）为Unit 3核心词汇。应用文中，祈使句（Make sure to...）往往是重要的行动建议。解答细节题时，定位文中的建议性语句即可快速锁定答案。 3.（2025·新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空）It inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, ______ (digital) generated graphics and silk-screen prints for the showcase. 答案：digitally 解析： 空格后为generated（过去分词），需要用副词修饰动词。digital的副词形式为digitally，意为“以数字方式地”。本题考查词性转换（形容词→副词）。 【思维建模】digital→digitally为Unit 3核心词汇的派生考查。语法填空中，副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词是高频考点。当括号内给出形容词时，若其后为动词（特别是过去分词），需考虑转换为副词。 4. （2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A篇） HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM Help restore and protect Marin‘s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. 21. What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team? A. To discover mineral resources. B. To develop new wildlife parks. C. To protect the local ecosystem. D. To conduct biological research. 答案：C 解析： 文中明确说明团队的工作是“restore and protect Marin‘s natural areas”以及“restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species”，这些行为的核心目的就是保护当地生态系统。A项“发现矿产资源”、B项“开发新野生动物公园”、D项“进行生物研究”均未提及。habitat（栖息地）和restore（恢复）直接指向ecosystem（生态系统），故选C。 【思维建模】habitat和ecosystem均为Unit 1核心词汇。应用文阅读中，文章标题和开篇首句往往直接点明组织/项目的核心宗旨。“HABITAT RESTORATION”中的restoration和protect直接指向ecosystem protection。解答“aim/purpose”类题目时，应优先锁定标题、首段中的动词（restore, protect）和名词（habitat, species）。 4. （2023·北京卷·阅读理解C篇） In recent years, researchers from diverse fields have agreed that short-termism is now a significant problem in industrialised societies. The inability to engage with longer-term causes and consequences leads to some of the world‘s most serious problems: climate change, biodiversity collapse, and more. ... It has been proved that people have a bias (偏向) towards the present, focusing on loud attractions in the moment at the expense of the health, well-being and financial stability of their future selves or community. In business, this bias surfaces as short-sighted decisions. And on slow-burning problems like climate change, it translates into the unwillingness to make small sacrifices (牺牲) today that could make a major difference tomorrow. Instead, all that matters is next quarter’s profit, or satisfying some other near-term desires. 28. The author quotes Francis Cole mainly to ________. A. draw a comparison   B. introduce a topic   C. evaluate a statement   D. highlight a problem 答案：D 解析： 作者引用Francis Cole的话“only the present exists, a present characterised at once by the cruelty of the instant and by the boredom of an unending now”，是为了强调“短期主义”这一问题的严重性。选项A“做比较”、B“引入话题”、C“评价陈述”均不符合引用目的。Francis Cole的引语直接服务于highlight a problem（突出问题），故选D。 【思维建模】句中profit（利润）为Unit 1核心词汇，与biodiversity collapse（生物多样性崩溃）构成“经济发展vs生态保护”的对比语境。说明文中引用他人话语的目的通常是支撑论点——或例证、或强调、或反驳。解答“引用目的”题时，需关注引语前后的观点句，引语往往服务于作者的核心论述。 2、 命题演练 一：单句提升语法填空 1．With great determination, he shared his sincere intention (contribute) money and time to protect endangered wildlife in remote mountain areas. 【答案】to contribute 【详解】句意：他怀着坚定的决心，表达了自己愿意捐款和奉献时间，以保护偏远山区濒危野生动物的真诚意愿。名词intention“意图，意愿”后通常跟不定式作定语，说明其内容，因此用contribute“捐赠，捐助”的不定式形式。 2．The little girl, (bite) gently into the warm homemade apple pie, kept telling her grandma how sweet and tasty the delicious dessert really was. 【答案】biting 【详解】句意：小女孩轻轻地咬了一口温热的自制苹果派，不停地告诉奶奶这个美味的甜点有多么香甜可口。句子已有谓语kept，bite作非谓语动词，主语The little girl和动词bite之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此用bite的现在分词形式biting。 3．The accident can’t (occur) last night, for all the witnesses claimed the road was completely clear at that time. 【答案】have occurred 【详解】句意：事故不可能昨晚发生，因为所有目击者都声称当时道路完全畅通。结合“all the witnesses claimed the road was completely clear at that time”可知，句子表示对过去事情的否定推测，应用can’t have done，意为“不可能做过某事”。 4．If (charge) with stealing private data, the employee would face a severe lawsuit. 【答案】charged 【详解】句意：如果这名员工被指控窃取私人数据，他将面临严厉的诉讼。此处是状语从句省略结构：完整从句为 If he was charged with stealing private data，从句主语he和主句主语the employee所指一致，且含有was，可省略从句主语和be动词，保留过去分词charged。 5．He made a mistake, (ruin) his chance to be promoted as the manager of the company. 【答案】ruining 【详解】句意：他犯了一个错误，毁了他晋升为公司经理的机会。句中已有谓语动词made，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。此处表示“犯错误”这一动作自然而然导致的结果，且逻辑主语与 ruin 之间是主动关系，故应用现在分词形式作结果状语。 6．Oranges: Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. 【答案】decorated 【详解】句意：橙子：橙树不仅仅是装饰，更是好运与财富的象征。它们是极佳的礼物，你常常能看到它们被红封皮和吉祥祝福语装饰着。此处是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰them，them指代orange trees，decorate sth. with sth.是固定搭配，意为“用……装饰……”，them与decorate为被动关系，因此此处应填decorated。 7．A traditional Chinese dance (perform) underwater in Luoyang recently has become famous on social media during the Dragon Boat Festival. 【答案】performed 【详解】句意：近日，一段在洛阳水下表演的中国传统舞蹈在端午节期间走红社交媒体。本空修饰名词dance，二者是被动关系，需用perform的过去分词形式performed，作后置定语。 8．We caught sight of the weak injured rabbit, (surround) by branches that completely cut off its way to safety, trembling and letting out faint sad cries for help. 【答案】surrounded 【详解】句意：我们看到了一只虚弱受伤的兔子，它被完全切断安全退路的树枝包围着，浑身颤抖，发出微弱悲伤的求救声。句子的谓语动词是caught，空格处应填入非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰前面的名词rabbit。因为名词rabbit与动词surround之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式surrounded。 9． (locate) in the heart of the city, the iconic museum attracts thousands of visitors every year. 【答案】Located 【详解】句意：这座标志性博物馆位于市中心，每年吸引成千上万的游客。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，短语be located in意为“坐落于，位于”，locate和museum逻辑上是被动关系，因此用locate的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。 10．Though seriously (affect) by the sudden bad news, she tried her best to calm down and finish the work on time. 【答案】affected 【详解】句意：尽管突如其来的坏消息让她受到严重影响，她还是尽全力平复情绪，按时完成了工作。本句主句主语是she，动词affect和she是被动关系，从句应用被动语态。 此处Though引导的让步状语从句中，从句的主语和主句主语一致，且从句中包含be动词，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，因此空格需要填affect的过去分词形式affected。从句补充完整为：Though she was seriously affected by the sudden bad news。 11．All the delicate artifacts (damage) severely by the collapse of the ancient tomb during the excavation process, and the archaeological team had no choice but to suspend their work temporarily. 【答案】were damaged/had been damaged 【详解】句意：在挖掘过程中，古墓坍塌导致所有精致的文物都遭到了严重损坏，考古队别无选择，只能暂时停工。根据后半句had可知，动作发生在过去，可以用一般过去时，也可以用过去完成时强调“过去的过去”，表示一个动作（文物受损）发生在另一个过去动作（停工）之前。主语All the delicate artifacts是复数，与动词damage之间是被动关系，因此既可以用一般过去时的被动语态were damaged，也可以用过去完成时的被动语态had been damaged。 12．They also hope to (far) educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future generations. 【答案】further 【详解】句意：他们还希望进一步教育人们，使其认识到为子孙后代保护历史文化遗产的重要性。根据句意，提示词修饰动词educate，且表示“进一步地”，应用副词further作状语。 13．Once (release), the film won great popularity among the teens. 【答案】released 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这部电影一经上映，就在青少年中大受欢迎。once引导状语从句，结合语意可知，从句逻辑主语是the film，与release之间是被动关系，即once the film was released，状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的主语和be动词可以省略。故填released。 14．When (ban) from using smartphones during lectures, students are expected to stay away from distractions and focus on interactive learning. 【答案】banned 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当学生在课堂上被禁止使用智能手机时，他们应该远离干扰，专注于互动学习。此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略，当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be动词省略；本句中students和ban之间是被动关系，完整形式是When students are banned from using smartphones during lectures，省略后为When banned from using smartphones during lectures。故填banned。 15．Rare sea turtles along the coastal reserve (track) through satellite tags last month, offering valuable data for protecting their nesting sites.   【答案】were tracked 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：上个月，沿海保护区的珍稀海龟通过卫星标签被追踪，这为保护它们的筑巢地提供了有价值的数据。track(追踪)作谓语，与主语“Rare sea turtles”之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“last month”可知，描述的是过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式。故填were tracked。 16．I told Gunter where I was going, but he looked (entire) confused, not knowing what I meant. 【答案】entirely 【详解】考查副词。句意：我告诉了冈特我要去哪里，但他看起来完全困惑，不知道我是什么意思。空格处需要修饰形容词 confused（困惑的），根据语法要求，形容词需由副词来修饰。entire是形容词，意为“完全的”，其对应的副词形式是entirely，表示“完全地；彻底地”。故填entirely。 17．With the (apply) of 5G technology,great changes are taking place in almost all fields throughout the world. 【答案】application 【详解】考查名词。句意：随着5G技术的应用，全球几乎所有领域都在发生巨大变化。the...of结构中，the后接名词，apply是动词，意为“应用”，其名词形式为application，在句中作With的宾语。故填application。 18．With the support of multimedia technology, Li brings this historical figure to life, creating a visual feast that enhances the drama while (honor) the core traditions of Peking Opera. 【答案】honoring 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：在多媒体技术的支持下，李让这位历史人物活了起来，打造出一场视觉盛宴，既丰富了戏剧效果，又彰显了京剧的核心传统。honor“尊敬，尊重，给与……的光荣”。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中从句完整形式为while he is honoring the core traditions of Peking Opera，省略he is后，保留现在分词honoring。故填 honoring。 19．The airport (complete) next year will help promote tourism in this area. 【答案】to be completed 【详解】句意：将于明年竣工的这座机场将有助于促进该地区的旅游业发展。本句已有谓语动词will help，空处需用非谓语动词。主语The airport与动词complete为被动关系，且表示将来的动作，需用不定式的被动形式to be completed作后置定语。 20．People come for the lively atmosphere (enjoy) themselves and experience city pride in person. 【答案】to enjoy 【详解】句意：人们前来感受热闹的氛围，尽情享受并亲身体验城市自豪感。空处需填不定式to enjoy作目的状语，说明人们前来的目的是“享受快乐”和“体验自豪感”。 21．A typhoon is a destructive storm (occur) in the north-west Pacific Ocean. 【答案】occurring 【详解】句意：台风是发生在西北太平洋海域的一种破坏性风暴。此句已有谓语is，空格应填非谓语形式；occur表示“发生”，与storm是主动关系，应用现在分词occurring作后置定语，修饰名词storm。 22．Sue took some paper and a pen into Johnsy’s room and began a pen drawing, in an attempt (raise) Johnsy’s spirits. 【答案】to raise 【详解】句意：苏拿着纸和钢笔走进琼西的房间，开始画钢笔画，想要让琼西的心情好些。in an attempt to do sth. 意为“试图、想要做某事”，其中不定式to do作目的状语。 23．Fire disaster is one of the most frequently happened and extremely (destroy) disasters. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】destructive 【详解】句意：火灾是发生频率最高、破坏性极强的灾害之一。空格处需要形容词修饰名词disasters，副词extremely修饰形容词，destructive意为“毁灭性的”。 24．By the time the firefighters broke down the door, the neighbor (rescue) the elderly woman from the burning house. 【答案】had rescued 【详解】句意：当消防员破门而入时，邻居已经从着火的房子里救出了那位老妇人。此处为谓语动词，by the time引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句动作发生在从句动作之前，要用过去完成时，结构为“had+过去分词”，rescue的过去分词为rescued。 25．Chinese literature took center stage at the London Book Fair on March 11, (demonstrate) active literary and publishing exchanges between China and the United Kingdom. 【答案】demonstrating 【详解】句意：3月11日，中国文学在伦敦书展占据核心位置，展现了中英两国活跃的文学与出版交流。本句谓语动词为took，空格处作伴随状语，主语Chinese literature与demonstrate“展示、体现”是主动关系，应用现在分词。 26．Every evening, the neighbors (glue) to the community board, sharing good news and warm wishes. 【答案】are glued 【详解】句意：每天晚上，邻居们都会盯着社区公告栏看，分享好消息和温馨祝福。空处作句子的谓语，根据时间状语“Every evening”可知，时态应用一般现在时，be glued to是固定短语，意为“盯着……看，离……很近”，glue和主语the neighbors之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用are。 27． (integrate) satellite remote sensing, big data analytics and autonomous agricultural machinery, modern farming systems have greatly boosted the overall competitiveness.   【答案】Integrating 【详解】句意：融合卫星遥感、大数据分析和农业自主机械，现代农业体系大幅提升了整体竞争力。此处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语modern farming systems与integrate为主动关系，用现在分词integrate作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。 28．While (explore) the library’s basement, she found a box of old letters from the 19th century. 【答案】exploring 【详解】句意：在探索图书馆地下室时，她发现了一箱19世纪的旧信件。此处作时间状语，explore(探索)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。 29．He is an active member of the school’s stamp club, (devote) most of his spare time to stamp collecting. 【答案】devoting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他是学校集邮俱乐部的活跃成员，把大部分业余时间都花在集邮上。句中已有is，空处需用非谓语动词，he与devote之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词devoting作状语，表示主动关系。故填devoting。 30．The region is famous for its fossil sites, and one exceptional area (reveal) about 5,000 fossils so far,which have provided invaluable insight into dinosaur evolution during the Middle Jurassic period. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】has revealed 【详解】考查时态。句意：该地区以化石遗址而闻名，其中一处特别的区域迄今已出土约5000件化石，这些化石为研究中侏罗纪时期的恐龙进化历程提供了极其宝贵的见解。根据so far可知表示过去的动作对现在的影响，为现在完成时，主语为one exceptional area，助动词用has。故填has revealed。 31．The program provides courses (tailor) to the learner’s needs. 【答案】tailored 【详解】句意：该项目提供专为学习者需求量身打造的课程。句中已有谓语动词provides，空处应填非谓语形式；courses和tailor是被动关系，此处用过去分词作后置定语。 32．The mission, (schedule) for launch around 2028, aims to bring Martian samples back to Earth by around 2031. 【答案】scheduled 【详解】句意：这项任务定于2028年左右发射，目标是在2031年前后（为止）将火星样本带回地球。句子谓语是aims，空格作后置定语；mission与schedule“安排，预定”为被动关系，用过去分词。 33． (compare) with other forms of travel, taking a train is often the most scenic option. 【答案】Compared 【详解】句意：与其他交通方式相比，乘坐火车往往是最具风景美感的选择。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，compare“比较”和taking a train逻辑上是被动关系，因此用compare的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。 34．Through ups and downs, laughter and tears, their (marry) has grown stronger over time, proving that love can overcome every difficulty in life. 【答案】marriage 【详解】句意：历经起起落落，相伴欢笑与泪水，他们的婚姻随着时间推移愈发牢固，这证明了爱情可以战胜人生中的每一个困难。空格前是形容词性物主代词their，因此空格处要填名词，作主语。 marry是动词，对应的名词是marriage，意为“婚姻”。此处指“他们二人的婚姻”，用单数形式。 35．Plenty of scientific experiments (conduct) to check the stability of the newly invented material to date. 【答案】have been conducted 【详解】句意：迄今为止，人们已经开展了大量科学实验来检验这种新型材料的稳定性。句中时间标志词to date(迄今为止)，是现在完成时的典型提示词；主语Plenty of scientific experiments和谓语动词conduct是被动关系，实验是“被开展”，因此用现在完成时的被动语态have/has been+过去分词；主语是复数，助动词用have。 二：课内句式填空训练 1.While a significant number of jaguars survive here,they are only one element of this forest’s food chain.(while引导让步状语从句) 尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存,但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一个要素。 2.As the human population continues to grow,so does the effect we have on animals.(so+助动词+主语) 随着人口的持续增长,我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。 3.We’ve been taking various measures,including the use of new technologies,to reduce pollution in the production process,even though these measures raise our production costs.(even though引导让步状语从句) 我们一直在采取各种各样的措施,包括新科技手段的运用,来减少生产过程中产生的污染,尽管这些措施会增加我们的生产成本。 4.At the same time,Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door,in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open.(in case引导目的状语从句) 与此同时,布朗女士迅速打开了教室的门,以防门在地震中损坏而无法打开。 5.The moment the shaking stopped,Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape.(the moment引导时间状语从句) 地震停止的瞬间,布朗女士意识到这是他们逃出教室的最好时机。 6.She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands.(现在分词作状语) 她示意学生们抱着头,排好队,有序离开教室。 7.NEWDALE—On 20 December,a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.(过去分词短语作后置定语;leave+宾语+宾语补足语) 纽代尔——12月20日,由海底地震引起的一排排巨浪急速冲过金海岸附近的海面,造成数千人死亡。 8.No matter where we are,we are able to keep in contact with loved ones,find long-lost friends and discover whole new communities who share our hobbies.(“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句;who引导定语从句) 不管身在何处,我们都能与所爱之人保持联系,找到久违的朋友,发现兴趣相投的新群体。 9.Only in this way can the Internet be a place of discovery,wonder and inspiration for everyone.(“only+状语”位于句首引起的倒装) 只有这样,互联网才可以成为一个让每个人有所发现、获得惊奇和灵感的地方。 10.JustDance is a website belonging to all dance lovers.(现在分词短语作后置定语) JustDance是一个属于所有舞蹈爱好者的网站。 11.Tu Youyou has become the first female scientist of the People’s Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize,awarded for her contribution to the fight against malaria,one of the deadliest diseases in human history.(动词不定式作后置定语) 屠呦呦成为中华人民共和国第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家。她获奖是因为她在抗击疟疾中做出的贡献,疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。 12.However,it was not until the 1970s that Tu succeeded in discovering qinghaosu,after many failed experiments.(not until结构的强调句型) 然而,直到20世纪70年代,屠呦呦经过多次失败的试验才成功地发现了青蒿素。 13.Without her broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine,Tu might never have discovered qinghaosu.(含蓄虚拟条件句) 如果没有她丰富的中西医知识,屠呦呦可能永远也不会发现青蒿素。 14.Whatever the truth,Franklin did make contributions to the studies of electricity.(whatever 引导让步状语从句;do强调谓语动词) 不管真相如何,富兰克林的确对电学的研究做出了贡献。 $