选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 War and peace 课时精讲（教用Word）-【精微方案】2027年高考一轮总复习讲义·英语（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦词汇、语法、写作三大核心考点，按基础-培优-拔高分层梳理战争与和平主题词汇，结合独立主格结构、It is no wonder that等高频句型构建语法体系，通过考点梳理、方法指导、真题训练的教学流程，帮助学生系统掌握高考英语知识网络，突破语境应用难点。 资料以分层词汇记忆和情境化写作训练为特色，如读后续写中运用独立主格结构描写动作细节提升语言表达精准性，应用文写作结合历史人物介绍培养文化意识。设置基础巩固、能力提升分层练习配合即时反馈，有效培养学生语言能力和思维品质，为教师把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

1.landing n．(军队的) 登陆 2．troop n．部队；军队 3．code­name v．起代号为 4．tide n．潮水 5．supreme adj.最高的 6．commander n．指挥官，长官 7．parachute n．降落伞 8．coastline n．海岸线 9．drown v．(使)淹死 10．gunfire n．炮火 11．tank n．坦克 12．solemn adj.严肃的，庄重的 13．weary v．(使)非常疲倦 14.condemn v．迫使(某人)处于不幸的境地 15．uniform n．制服 16．bomb v．轰炸 17．peacekeeping n．维持和平(的行动) 18．peacekeeper n．维和人员 19．friction n．冲突，摩擦 20．disarm v．解除武装 21．professionalism n．专业水准；专业素质；职业精神 22．aggression n．侵略 23．intellectual adj.智力的，脑力的 24．rough adj.简单的；粗糙的 25．shirk v．逃避 26.depict v．描述，描写 27．peer n．同龄人；同辈 28．misty adj.多雾的 29．breeze n．微风 30．glory n．辉煌的成就；荣耀的事　 31．dedication n．奉献 32．commemorate v．庆祝， 为……举行纪念活动 33．anniversary n．周年纪念日 34．collective adj.集体的；共同的 35．blueprint n．蓝图 36．grain n．谷物，粮食 1.objective n．目的，目标 2．recall v．回想，回忆起 3．barely adv.勉强才能；仅仅 4.memorial adj.纪念的，追悼的 5．outstanding adj.杰出的，优秀的 6．emerge v．出现 7.representative n．代表 adj.典型的；有代表性的 8．sum n．金额，款项 1.violent adj.狂暴的，凶暴的→violently adv.狂暴地；暴力地；猛烈地→violence n．暴力；暴行 2．horrify v．使厌恶；惊吓→horror n．惊恐；令人惊恐的事→horrible adj.可怕的，令人恐惧的；令人讨厌的→horribly adv.可怕地；非常地 3．liberate v．解放(城市、国家等)→liberation n．解放；解放运动 4.stable adj.稳固的；稳定的→stably adv.稳固地；稳定地→stability n．稳固，稳定 5．academy n．研究院，学会；专科院校→academic adj.学术的→academically adv.学术上地；学业上地 6．invade vt.& vi.侵略；侵犯→invader n．侵略者，侵略军→invasion n．侵略；侵犯 7．relevant adj.有关的，切题的→relevantly adv.有关地；贴切地→relevance n．相关性；关联 1.be made up of... 由……组成 2．free...from... 把……从……中解放出来；释放；使摆脱；解除 3．have confidence in... 对……有信心 4．nothing less than 完全是；不亚于 5.prepare for... 为……做准备 6．make it 成功；及时赶到 7．meet up with 会见 8．on standby 待命 1.Code­named “Operation Overlord”， it was the largest combined sea, air and land operation in history, the aim being to free north­west Europe from German occupation.(独立主格结构) 这次行动的代号是“霸王行动”，它是历史上规模最大的海、空、陆联合行动，其目的是将欧洲西北部从德国的占领中解放出来。 2．The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land.(形容词短语作状语)　甚至在盟军登陆之前，敌军已躲藏起来，准备好攻击他们了。 3．Boats were hit and men drowned, while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire.(while表示对比) 船只被撞，人们溺水身亡，而那些真正成功到达海滩的人面对的则是重型机枪。 4.However, despite the immense hardships and the daunting challenges, it was right in this place, over a period of eight long years, that the nation's intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda.[not only...but (also)...] 然而，尽管经历了巨大的艰辛和艰巨的挑战，但就在这个地方，经过长达八年的时间，国家的知识遗产因联大值得尊敬的学者的热情和信念不仅得到了捍卫，还得以巩固。 5．It is no wonder that many, if not most, of China's leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda, including the two Nobel Prize­winning physicists, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.(It is no wonder that...)　难怪许多(即便不是大多数)中国顶尖学者和科学家都出现在联大，包括两位获得诺贝尔奖的物理学家——杨振宁和李政道。 [基础词汇] 1．peace­loving adj.热爱和平的 2．campaign n．战役 3．conflict n．冲突 4．explode v．爆炸 5．in peace和平地；平静地 6．reach an agreement 达成协议 [培优词汇] 1．occupation n．占领 2．revolution n．革命 3．launch v．发动 4．sacrifice n．牺牲 5．general n．将军 6．fierce adj.激烈的 [拔高词汇] 1．suspension n．暂停，中止 2．counter v．抵制 3．condemn v．谴责 4．swear v．宣誓，发誓 5．matter­of­fact adj.实事求是的 6．give rise to引起，导致 话题句型 1.In war, whichever side may call itself the victor, there are no winners, but all are losers. 在战争中，无论哪一方自称为胜利者，都没有赢家，只有输家。 2．The real and lasting victories are those of peace, and not of war. 　真正且持久的胜利是和平，而不是战争。 3．Peace cannot be achieved through violence; it can only be attained through understanding. 和平不可能通过暴力实现，它只能通过理解获得。 前缀re­：能与动词、名词等多种词根搭配，衍生出丰富的词汇，表示“回；向后”(强调方向逆转)和“再；重新；重复”(强调动作重复)。 [写出句中加黑词的词性及含义] 1．(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) All have been replaced by these stupid reality shows and game shows, you know.v.替换，代替 2．(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ) A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1，000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. v.回收利用 3．(2024·全国甲卷)For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给).v.返回 4．(2025·浙江卷1月)Written communication will give your audience more time to review it，think it over, and follow up with questions. v.审阅 sum　n.金额，款项；总数，总和；全部　v．概括；总结；求……的总数 [补全句子/微写作] ①The speech you delivered just now accurately summed up the present situation(概括了现状), providing valuable reference for our decision­making. ②(人教选必二 U2)To sum up(总而言之), one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad has its disadvantages, so when you think about studying abroad, you should consider these many factors. ③重要的是要记住成功是每天付出的小小努力的总和，往往需要数年才能实现。 It is important to remember that success is a sum of small efforts made each day and often takes years to achieve. [读后续写之主旨升华] (1)a large/small sum of　　 大量的/少量的 a/the sum of ……的总和/总数 in sum 总而言之 (2)sum to 共计 sum up 总结；概括 to sum up 总而言之 [佳句背诵] (人教选必三U2) In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made. 从很多方面看，我们的生活方式是我们所做出的选择的总和。 free...from...　把……从……中解放出来；释放；使摆脱；解除 [单句语法填空/补全句子/微写作] ①(人教选必一 U5)Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free from/of disease through natural means. ②Many universities provide online courses for free/free of charge(免费), allowing more people to access quality education. ③曾经有一段时间，我甚至觉得我的父母无法理解我，所以我想摆脱他们的管束，但后来我意识到他们的关心和爱护是无价的。 At one time, I even felt that my parents couldn't understand me, so I wanted to free myself from their control, but later I realised that their concern and love were invaluable. [读后续写之心理描写] (1)set...free　　　 释放……；使……获得自由 be free from/of... 免于……；摆脱……的 for free/free of charge 免费 be free to do sth. 自由做某事 (2)free (...) of... (使……)不受……影响的；(使……)无……的 [佳句背诵] Besides enriching our school life, the winter hiking also freed us students from the heavy work of study. 除了丰富我们的学校生活之外，冬日远足也把我们学生从繁重的学习中解脱出来。 prepare for...　为……做准备 [单句语法填空/补全句子] ①(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Most of Ho's students will recover，which means that preparing them to return(return) to school is an increasingly important component of care. ②(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Nothing in my life before prepared me for this one—and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. ③(译林选必四U3)Prior to the interview, ensure you make good preparations(prepare). Find out about the company and the post you are interviewing for through the company profile. [应用文写作之建议信] ④The family decorated the house with lanterns, baked cookies, and prepared gifts in preparation for the Spring Festival(为春节做准备)． [应用文写作之传统文化] (1)prepare sb. 　 使某人为某事做准备 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 (2)prepared adj. 准备好的；有所准备的 be/get prepared for sth./to do sth. 准备某事/做某事 (3)preparation n.　　 [U]预备；准备；[C]准备工作(常用复数) in preparation for... 为……做准备 make preparations (for...) (为……)做准备 [佳句背诵] (译林必修一U2)The changes and challenges of your teenage years will prepare you for adulthood.　青少年时期遇到的变化和挑战会让你为成年做好准备。 独立主格结构 [教材原句] Code­named “Operation Overlord”， it was the largest combined sea, air and land operation in history, the aim being to free north­west Europe from German occupation.　这次行动的代号是“霸王行动”，它是历史上规模最大的海、空、陆联合行动，其目的是将欧洲西北部从德国的占领中解放出来。 [单句语法填空/补全句子] ①(译林必修二U3)The wedding ceremony took place in a brightly decorated hotel room. There were hundreds of guests, all dressed(dress) up in formal, colourful clothes. ②Having broken her mother's favorite vase by accident, the little girl dragged her feet into the sitting room, her face red with extreme shame(她羞愧得满脸通红). [读后续写之心理描写] ③An important examination to take(有一场重要的考试要参加), I paced back and forth restlessly, feeling on pins and needles. [读后续写之心理描写] ④His long­lost friend appearing at the doorway(他久别重逢的朋友出现在门口), he leapt to his feet and waved excitedly to attract his friend's attention. [读后续写之动作描写] 　　独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状态等。独立主格结构的形式有以下几种： (1)名词/代词＋现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)； (2)名词/代词＋过去分词(表示被动或已完成)；　 (3)名词/代词＋不定式(表示将要发生的动作)；　 (4)名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)。　 [佳句背诵] (1)She hugged the caring twins tightly, her eyes flooded with/full of tears. 她紧紧地抱住贴心的双胞胎，双眸满是泪水。 (2)I looked at my father nervously, my legs trembling and my heart beating wildly. 我紧张地看着爸爸，双腿颤抖，心脏狂跳。 [读后续写之心理描写] It is no wonder that... [教材原句] It is no wonder that many, if not most, of China's leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda, including the two Nobel Prize­winning physicists, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.　难怪许多(即便不是大多数)中国顶尖学者和科学家都出现在联大，包括两位获得诺贝尔奖的物理学家——杨振宁和李政道。 [单句语法填空/补全句子/微写作] ①(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)More than once, I found myself wondering(wonder) just how my students, who'd created these people, knew their subjects so well. ②(译林必修二U2)It is no wonder/No wonder (that) the exchange students are excited(难怪交换生们很兴奋)—this is the first time they've been to China. ③我希望能在日常交流中更流利地说英语，所以想问问你能否给我一些建议，帮助我提高英语口语能力。 I hope to speak English more fluently in daily conversations, so I wonder if/whether you could give me some advice on how to improve my English speaking skills． [应用文写作之求助信] (1)It is no wonder (that)...＝No wonder (that)... 　　　 难怪……，怪不得…… It's a wonder (that) ...令人惊奇的是……；说来也怪…… (2)wonder at sth. 对某事感到惊讶 wonder about sth. 想知道某事；琢磨某事 wonder if/whether/how/wh­＋从句 不知是否……；想知道…… [佳句背诵] Many students are afraid of making mistakes and embarrassing themselves in public and it is no wonder that they aren't interested in the oral English class. 许多学生害怕在公共场合犯错误和使自己难堪，难怪他们对英语口语课不感兴趣。 单句语法填空/补全句子 1．(译林选必一 U4)Li Bai grew up in the most glorious period of the Tang Dynasty, a time of economic boom and social stability(stable). 2．(译林选必三 U3)The ship shook violently and the men looked at each other in horror(horrible). 3．(译林选必四 U1)The policeman on the beat walked along the street as he always did. It was barely(bare) ten o'clock at night. 4．The foreign invaders(invade) were eventually defeated by the brave resistance of the native people. 5．(人教选必三 U1)If possible, the group should also find large photos or posters of the artist's representative(represent) work to be used as talk show exhibits. 6．The summer camp group, made(make) up of 30 students, will start for Beijing and stay there for three weeks. 7．This study showed that very young children under the age of 2 do have the capacity for recall(有回忆的能力). 8．To achieve your dream, you must have confidence in yourself(对自己有信心) and your abilities. 9．I didn't expect to meet up with my closest friend(与我最亲密的朋友相聚) in this small, remote town while I was on a solo backpacking trip. 提能一　语境辨词专练 1．写出句中加黑词的词性及含义 (1)(2025·浙江卷1月)Loan periods are established by the lending library. All due dates are noted on the label. Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library.v.收回，召回 (2)New evidence emerged during the investigation, revealing the real cause of the accident.v.暴露 (3)She peered at the old map in the dim light, trying to find the location of the abandoned village. v.仔细看 (4)The scientist presented an objective analysis of the experiment results, ignoring subjective assumptions. adj.客观的 2．选出rough的词性及含义 A．adj.艰难的　　　 B．adj.崎岖不平的 C．adj.刺耳的 D．adj.粗糙的 E．adj.粗略的 (1)(译林必修一U2)On the other hand, when you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish they could be more caring and patient—sometimes they forget that growing up is a rough ride.A (2)(译林选必二U2)For this reason, people use the expression “in the ballpark” or “a ballpark estimate” to talk about rough estimates.E (3)The path up the mountain is covered with rough stones, so we have to walk very slowly and carefully.D (4)The road is so steep and rough that the participants suffer a lot during the match.B (5)The cheap speaker caused the music to sound harsh and rough, distorting the beautiful melody.C 3．选出memorial的词性及含义 A．adj.纪念的；悼念的　B．n.纪念碑(或像等)　C．n.纪念物，纪念品 (1)(译林选必三U3)Today, the USS Arizona lies where it sank：in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. Its location is marked with a memorial shaped like a bridge, which crosses the ship's sunken remains.B (2)Every year, they organize a memorial concert to remember the famous musician, who composed over 50 classic songs and inspired generations of young artists.A (3)This old watch is a memorial of my grandfather—I've kept it for over 20 years.C 提能二　应用文写作(人物介绍) 假设你叫李华，参加学校举办的英语作文比赛。以“我的曾祖父”为主题写一篇短文参赛。内容包括： 1．曾祖父的生平；2.曾祖父的事迹。 My great­grandfather was 1.once an outstanding commander in the troops(曾是部队里优秀的指挥官). Therefore，2.every time he recalled the invaders' violence(每当他回想起侵略者的暴行)，he was filled with anger. They 3.not only destroyed our stability but (also) bombed our cities and villages[不仅破坏了我们的稳定，而且轰炸了我们的城市和村庄；not only...but (also)...]，making many people lose their homes. My great­grandfather told us that at that time 4.their only objective was to drive the invaders out of China and make them never emerge in China(他们唯一的目标就是把侵略者驱逐出中国，让他们永远不再出现在中国). Although they didn't have powerful weapons，with their joint efforts，cities were liberated one by one. 5.As a representative(作为一名代表)，my great­grandfather has been to schools to 6. tell the relevant history(讲述那段相关的历史) for many times，encouraging us to treasure life，love peace，study hard and make contributions to making our motherland stronger and stronger. 提能三　场景微续写(感受他人的温暖慰藉) ——有效强化教考衔接 词汇积累 [环境描写]　coastline, misty, breeze, tide, solemn [情感描写]　violent→violence, horror, friction, glory, shirk, daunting, barely [品质描写]　outstanding, prominent, dedication 佳句积累 [环境描写]　Conditions were little better once they reached the remote and mountainous south­west part of China. They had to live in rough buildings, packed 40 to a room, like sardines. [情感描写]　Yang's death was a huge blow to his loyal troops, but they turned sorrow into anger and continued to fight fiercely against the invaders. ——动作描写：哭泣(一) 经典词汇 1.cry v．哭泣 2.sob v．呜咽，啜泣 3.whimper v．抽泣；呜咽 4.choke v．哽咽 5.wail v．号啕大哭 靓点词块 1.with a lump in one's throat喉咙哽咽 2.be close/near to tears要哭了 3.blink back tears强忍泪水 4.in a choked voice用哽咽的声音 5.be/get choked up哽咽 6.eyes clouded/misted/blurred with tears泪眼模糊 7.bring a tear to sb.'s eye让人潸然泪下 8.tears spring/rise to one's eyes眼里一下子涌出泪水 9.be filled with tears/be full of tears/tears well up in one's eyes热泪盈眶 10.be reduced to tears落泪 出彩表达 1.She hugged her child tightly, her eyes filled with/full of tears of gratitude.(独立主格结构) 她紧紧地抱着她的孩子，眼里充满了感激的泪水。 2.I sobbed bitterly, tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face.(现在分词短语作状语) 我痛苦地抽泣着，品尝着从我脸上流下的泪水中的咸味。 3.Her bottom lip quivered and big tears rolled down her cheeks. 她的下唇颤抖着，大颗大颗的眼泪顺着脸颊滚落下来。 4.He wailed, tears pouring down his face uncontrollably.(独立主格结构) 他号啕大哭，眼泪不受控制地从脸上流下来。 5.All the children held out their arms and cheered，with tears welling up in their eyes.(with复合结构) 所有的孩子都伸出双臂欢呼起来，热泪盈眶。 ——积累内化应用提升 [场景呈现]　阿莉娜心情沮丧时，洛娜带着同学们的问候，来给予她支持，阿莉娜深受感动。 第一步　完成句子 1．阿莉娜情绪低落，快要哭了。就在这时，洛娜来了。 Alina was depressed and close/near to tears. And that's when Lorna arrived. 2．阿莉娜勉强忍住泪水，欢迎洛娜进屋。 Barely blinking back tears, Alina welcomed her in. (现在分词短语作状语) 3．洛娜是来给予她支持的，还带来了一张同学们签名的卡片。 Lorna came to offer some support and brought a card signed by their classmates. (过去分词短语作定语) 4. 阿莉娜从没想过，大家居然还在惦记着她。她太感动了，哽咽得说不出话，先前强忍的泪水此刻正顺着脸颊滚落。 Alina never thought everyone was still thinking of her. She was so touched that she got choked up and was speechless, tears held back earlier rolling down her cheeks. (so...that...；独立主格结构) 第二步　连句成文 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One possible version： Alina was depressed and close/near to tears. And that's when Lorna arrived. Barely blinking back tears, Alina welcomed her in. Lorna came to offer some support and brought a card signed by their classmates. Alina never thought everyone was still thinking of her. She was so touched that she got choked up and was speechless, tears held back earlier rolling down her cheeks. [选自：选修教材　人教版·选修二(新教材)　UNIT 3 P54] With Shenzhen being firmly established① as an SEZ in 1980, a wave of economic progression② was triggered③ that spread across the country in the following decades. Xiamen in Fujian Province, together with Shenzhen, was accepted as an SEZ, and so were Zhuhai and Shantou in Guangdong Province④. In addition, Hainan Province also became an SEZ in 1988. This process was accompanied⑤ by “open door” measures, such as making 14 cities “open coastal⑥ cities” in 1984. Then in 1985, the two deltas⑦ of the Yangtze River and Pearl River, and the Xiamen­Zhangzhou­Quanzhou triangle⑧ in southern Fujian were approved⑨ as coastal economic open zones (EOZs). These policies have made an important contribution⑩ in making China the second largest economy in the world in 2020. ①establish v．建立；确立 ②economic progression经济发展 ③trigger v．触发；引起 ④此处为倒装结构 ⑤accompany v．伴随 ⑥coastal adj.沿海的 ⑦delta n．三角洲 ⑧triangle n．三角形 ⑨approve v．批准 ⑩make an important contribution做出重要贡献 1．(用状语从句和现在分词短语作状语改写句式)With Shenzhen being firmly established as an SEZ in 1980, a wave of economic progression was triggered that spread across the country in the following decades. →As Shenzhen was firmly established as an SEZ in 1980, a wave of economic progression was triggered, spreading across the country in the following decades. 2．What was the significance of the “open door” measures and the establishment of SEZs and EOZs in China? These policies made an important contribution in making China the second largest economy in the world in 2020. They triggered a wave of economic progression and integrated China into the global economic system. 【识文知意】　随着深圳在1980年被正式确立为经济特区，一股经济发展的浪潮随之兴起，并在接下来的几十年里席卷全国。福建省的厦门与深圳一同被接纳为经济特区，广东省的珠海和汕头亦是如此。此外，海南省也于1988年成为经济特区。这一进程伴随着“开放门户”措施的实施，比如1984年将14个城市设为“沿海开放城市”。随后在1985年，长江三角洲、珠江三角洲，以及福建南部的厦门－漳州－泉州三角地带被批准为沿海经济开放区。这些政策为中国在2020年成为世界第二大经济体做出了重要贡献。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $