Unit 4 Our Memory-Section B Vocabulary in Use同步练习2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** Unit 4 Our Memory课时5分层作业，以“动物记忆”为主题，通过三级梯度设计实现词汇巩固到语篇应用的递进，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|单词/词组默写、基础句型填空|聚焦词汇拼写与固定搭配，通过10组单词/词组默写夯实基础，汉语提示填空强化核心短语应用| |进阶层|词形转换、语法填空|结合词性变化（如react→reacted）和语法规则（非谓语、比较级），在语篇中深化词汇灵活运用| |拓展层|阅读还原/理解、完形填空、思维进阶|以动物记忆研究为情境，通过阅读（鱼类记忆实验）、完形（动物记忆对比）及批判性问题（记忆形成机制），提升语篇理解与逻辑思维能力|

Unit 4 Our Memory 课时5 Section B Vocabulary in Use 分层作业 · 动物记忆 一、单词默写 1. /ɪnˈkriːs/ n. 增长 v. 增加 ________ 2. /waɪld/ adj. 野生的；自然生长的 ________ 3. /blʌd/ n. 血 ________ 4. /wuːnd/ n. 伤口；创伤 v. 使受伤 ________ 5. /mɔːl/ n. 购物商场 ________ 6. /ˈnəʊtbʊk/ n. 笔记本；笔记本电脑 ________ 7. /ˈskwɪrəl/ n. 松鼠 ________ 8. /nʌt/ n. 坚果 ________ 9. /ˈdɒlfɪn/ n. 海豚 ________ 10. /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v. 辨认出；认可 ________ 二、词组默写 1. 就某人而言；在某人的情况下 __________________________ 2. 对......作出反应 __________________________ 3. 重新开始，从头再来 __________________________ 4. 死于（内因，如疾病、饥饿、情感等） __________________________ 5. 经历，经受；仔细检查；通过 __________________________ 6. 记住；牢记 __________________________ 7. 用完；耗尽 __________________________ 8. 发生在......身上；碰巧 __________________________ 9. 位置优越；处于有利位置 __________________________ 10. 很可能做 __________________________ 三、汉语提示填空题 1. 无论遇到什么困难，你都应该牢记团队合作的重要性。 No matter what difficulties you meet, you should ________ ________ ________ the importance of teamwork. 2. 当我们的饮用水耗尽时，我们才意识到节约用水是多么重要。 When we ________ ________ ________ drinking water, we realized how important it is to save water. 3. 他无法确定，究竟是什么念头掠过她的脑海，致使她中途离场。 He didn’t know for sure what ________ ________ her mind that made her leave the speech halfway. 4. 就我个人而言，失败并不是坏事，它反而能让我们学到更多东西。 ________ ________ ________, failure is not a bad thing; instead, it helps us learn more. 5. 村里许多老人死于心脏病和高血压。 Many elderly people in the village ________ ________ heart disease and high blood pressure. 6. 面对失败，她选择重新开始，而不是放弃。 Facing failure, she chose to ________ ________ rather than give up. 7. 这家餐厅位置优越，所以每天都有很多顾客光顾。 This restaurant is ________ ________ ________ ________, so it has many customers every day. 8. 不同的人应对压力的方式各不相同。 Different people ________ ________ stress in different ways. 9. 类似的情况也发生在其他濒危动物身上，它们都面临着栖息地丧失的问题。 A similar situation ________ ________ other endangered animals, as they all face the problem of habitat loss. 10. 如果乌云继续聚集，下个小时可能会下大雨。 If the dark clouds keep gathering, it ________ ________ ________ rain heavily within the next hour. 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. When he heard the bad news, he ________ (react) to it in a quiet way. 2. This kind of medicine is ________ (effect) for people with colds. 3. If people are not treated in time, they may ________ (death) of serious wounds. 4. He was disappointed that his best friend didn’t ________ (react) to his wedding invitation for weeks. 5. The kindness of the local people during our trip made the journey truly ________ (forget). 五、阅读短文，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 Elephants are the largest land animals alive today. They usually live in family groups called herds. All of the elephants in the herd take care of each other. The leader of the herd is usually an old mother elephant. A herd may have as few as 8 or as many as 100 elephants. The other elephants follow the leader because she knows how 1.______________ (keep) them safe from coming danger. Elephants learn by 2.______________ (watch) and copying other elephants, and they also learn from life. Baby elephants stay with their mothers until they are fully grown at about 10 years old. Elephants can live to be 50 to 60 years old. Elephants are smart animals with good 3.______________ (memory). In the dry season, a leader can remember where they 4.______________ (use) to find water. The herd will follow her there. She can also remember the 5.______________ (safe) place for baby elephants to cross a fast-moving river. Elephants talk to each other with sounds. Some of the sounds are so low and deep that people are 6.______________ (able) to hear them. Elephants hear sounds not only with their ears, but also with their feet and even trunks. They also greet each other by touching each other’s trunks and feet. If 7.______________ (dangerous) appears, mothers beat their ears to call their babies to come back. Other animals seldom attack elephants. However, a lion might try to attack a baby elephant. If this 8.______________ (happen), the adult elephants circle around the baby elephant. They make louder sounds and hit the ground with their trunks. The leader puts 9.______________ (her) between the lion and the herd. She holds up her ears to make herself look even larger. Then she lowers her head and attacks the enemy 10.______________ (quick). 六、阅读还原 Are crows brainy? The answer must be yes! They can learn from other birds, play tricks, solve puzzles and do much more. Humans have studied crows for many years to learn how their brains work. For example, people have seen crows drop nuts on busy roads, waiting for cars to drive over and break the shells. 1.______________ In one study, scientists at a research center showed crows two cups, each with a different number of worms inside. They taught the crows to pick out which cup had more worms. 2.______________ The crows were able to do it successfully, showing that they can understand some basic knowledge about numbers! So crows are clearly clever. But are they “The Smartest Animal of All Time”? That’s hard to say. 3.______________ Some have amazing memories. Take a squirrel as an example. It can remember the place where it hid hundreds of nuts for winter, even after several months. Others are super problem-solvers, like octopuses, who can work out how to open a locked box to get the food inside. 4.______________ All these kinds of cleverness are important, making it difficult to tell which animal is much smarter. At last, each animal is good at finding ways to live in a changing environment. 5.______________ And this means one thing for sure: crows are the smartest of all in being crows! A. Then they tested the crows again without any help. B. It tells us that crows are good at using tools and the environment around them. C. Different animals are smart in different ways. D. Dogs and parrots also show their great smartness. E. Crows are the most beautiful birds in nature. F. Every living thing has its own special skills to survive. 七、阅读理解 Fish Memory: More Than Seven Seconds It’s a popular belief that a fish’s memory lasts for only seven seconds. It may seem that they don’t remember what they’ve eaten or where they’ve been, and they don’t recognize you or any of their friends—every moment in their life would be like seeing the world for the first time. But a new study has found that fish have a much better memory than we used to think. Actually, certain species of fish can even remember events from as long as 12 days ago. In the study, researchers from Mac Ewan University in Canada trained a kind of fish called African cichlids to go to a certain area of their tank to get food. They then waited for 12 days before putting them back in the tank again. Researchers used computer software to monitor the fish’s movements. They found that after such a long time the fish still went to the same place where they first got food. This showed that they could remember their past experiences. In fact, scientists had been thinking for a long time that African cichlids might have a good memory. An earlier study showed that they behaved aggressively in front of certain fish, perhaps because they remembered their past “fights”. But until the latest findings, there was no clear evidence before. Just as a good memory can make our lives easier, it also plays an important part when a fish is trying to live in the wild. “If fish are able to remember a certain area with safe food, they will be able to go back to that area without putting their lives at risks,” lead researcher Trevor Hamilton told Live Science. For a long time fish were placed far below chimpanzees, dolphins, elephants, monkeys, dogs and mice on the list of smart animals. But this study has given scientists a new understanding of their intelligence. 1. According to the article, people commonly believe that ________. A. fish don’t recognize any of their friends B. a fish’s memory lasts for only seven minutes C. fish can only remember part of their past experiences D. fish can remember things that happened long time ago 2. What does the underlined word “monitor” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Create. B. Change. C. Control. D. Check. 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Only African cichlids have a good memory. B. African cichlids always treat others aggressively. C. African cichlids may remember things for 12 days. D. African cichlids belonged to the list of smart animals. 4. How can fish benefit most from a good memory? A. They can remember their enemies and fight. B. They can remember where to get food and live. C. They can remember their friends and help each other. D. They can remember where to escape when in danger. 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. Fish Are Not as Smart as Chimpanzees B. The Seven-Second Memory Myth of Fish C. How to Train Fish to Remember Food D. A Study on African Cichlids’ Behavior 八、完形填空 There is a saying that “an elephant never forgets” and research has shown this is somewhat true. Elephants are very good at remembering which animals are friendly and which are dangerous. Older 1.______________ use this skill to keep the rest of their group safe from dangers. Squirrels also have quite good memories. In autumn, they bury lots of nuts in the ground to 2.______________ them for winter. They depend on their memory and sense of smell to find the nuts and dig them back up to eat them. What about the other animals? Do they have a good memory? Scientists have tested how 3.______________ goats, sheep and alpacas could remember where food was hidden. In one experiment, they placed food under two out of eight buckets in an area. The animals were then brought back later to see if they could 4.______________ which buckets held the food. The goats found the food fastest and made 5.______________ mistakes. Sheep struggled more, while alpacas were slow and often couldn’t finish in 6.______________. In another test, food was hidden under cups that were moved or mixed with empty ones. Goats still 7.______________. They easily remembered where the food was even when things changed. Sheep and alpacas, however, had 8.______________ following the cups once they moved. The tests show that goats are 9.______________ and have better memories than sheep and alpacas. Farm animals might be cleverer than we realize. It seems that memory plays an important 10.______________ in the animal world. 1. A. elephants B. squirrels C. goats D. sheep 2. A. sell B. store C. share D. plant 3. A. soon B. often C. well D. long 4. A. forget B. change C. remember D. hide 5. A. more B. fewer C. bigger D. louder 6. A. danger B. silence C. time D. surprise 7. A. excelled B. failed C. slept D. left 8. A. fun B. luck C. trouble D. interest 9. A. slower B. smarter C. weaker D. younger 10. A. game B. joke C. trick D. role 九、思维进阶 Part 1: Read and Explore The Science of Memory I was amazed as the climber managed to describe every inch of the six-day climb he’d finished a year before. I couldn’t believe what an amazing memory he had. Later, I learned that I could remember every inch of my scariest climbs, too. That’s because emotion has a very strong effect on memory. What is memory? Memory is connecting experiences together so that they can be recalled at a later time. In our brains, neurons play an important role in forming memories. Memory is the process of connecting certain neurons together to make a connection. We have long-term and short-term memories. Why do we have two types of memories? Just imagine how cluttered your mind would become if you remembered every single thing. Most of the stuff that’s stored is useless information. Short-term memories are formed by connecting two neurons for a while, through chemical changes in the points between neurons, called synapses. The connections soon disappear, because the chemical reactions slowly die out. Long-term memories need turning on genes in the neuron to make new proteins. These new proteins strengthen the connection between neurons, making them better connected. To move a memory from short-term to long-term storage usually takes much repetition and practice. In an experiment, animals could complete an action after repeated training. But if they were given medicine to stop new proteins, they would soon forget the action. However, events with strong emotions don’t need repetition to last a lifetime. When something brings powerful feelings, our brain believes it is important and worth keeping. Strong emotions can turn short-term memories into long-term ones. That is why the climber could remember his climb in great detail. Task 1: Critical Thinking（根据文章内容回答下列问题） 1. Why can the climber remember his six-day climb very clearly one year later?  _________________________________________ 2. 写出短时记忆消失的两个原因细节： Detail 1:  _________________________________________ Detail 2:  _________________________________________ 3. 结合本文记忆规律，写一句英文短句，助力高效记忆： “ _________________________________________!” Task 2: Complete the chart（信息梳理表格） Types of memory Main forming ways Main features Short-term memory _________________________________________  Disappear soon Long-term memory Need genes to produce  ; need lots of   Last for a long time Task 3: Creative Project 请根据短文内容补全语段，每空必须使用宾语从句，结合本单元记忆话题。 We have learned the facts about memory from the passage. We know _________________________________________  We also realize  _________________________________________ Besides, the passage tells us  _________________________________________ when we want to keep memories for long. 参考答案 一、单词默写 1. increase 2. wild 3. blood 4. wound 5. mall 6. notebook 7. squirrel 8. nut 9. dolphin 10. recognize 二、词组默写 1. in one’s case 2. react to sth. 3. start over 4. die of 5. go through 6. keep in mind 7. run out (of sth.) 8. happen to (sb./sth.) 9. in a great position 10. be likely to do 三、汉语提示填空题 1. keep in mind 2. ran out of 3. went through 4. In my case 5. died of 6. start over 7. in a great position 8. react to 9. happens to 10. is likely to 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. reacted 2. effective 3. die 4. respond (或 react) 5. unforgettable 五、语法填空 1. to keep 2. watching 3. memory 4. used 5. safest 6. unable 7. danger 8. happens 9. herself 10. quickly 六、阅读还原 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. F 七、阅读理解 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. B 八、完形填空 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. D 九、思维进阶 (示例) Task 1: 1. Because the climb brought strong emotions, and strong emotions can turn short-term memories into long-term ones. 2. Detail 1: The chemical reactions slowly die out. / Detail 2: The connections between neurons disappear. 3. “Repetition and emotion: the keys to a powerful memory!” Task 2: Short-term memory: connecting two neurons through chemical changes; Long-term memory: proteins; repetition and practice Task 3 (示例): We know that short-term memories disappear quickly without repetition. We also realize that strong emotions can help memories last a lifetime. Besides, the passage tells us that we need to practice and repeat things regularly when we want to keep memories for long. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $