做高考真题，记高频单词DAY 23（完形填空）-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习任务单聚焦完形填空高频词汇，以2017年全国二卷真题为载体，提取30个核心词并通过词形变换构建词汇网络，通过真题再现、选词填空等任务引导学生自主梳理词义、搭配及语境运用，形成系统化词汇体系。 亮点在于多维自测诊断与任务驱动式巩固，如设置选词填空、单词填空及语篇翻译等活动，培养学生语言能力与学习能力，学生可通过默写检测与错题归因自主诊断薄弱点，教师能依据学情精准指导，助力个性化复习与因材施教。

高考完形填空高频单词 DAY 23 一、真题再现 （2017·全国二卷·高考真题·完形填空） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 In 1973, I was teaching elementary school. Each day, 27 kids entered "The Thinking Laboratory." That was the name students voted for after deciding that "Room 104" was too dull. Freddy was an average student, but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion. He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone's misfortune. Before the school year ended, I gave the kids a special gift, T-shirts with the words "Verbs Are Your Friends" on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs may seem dull, most of the fun things they do throughout their lives will be verbs. Through the years, I'd run into former students who would provide updates on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his graduation from high school and remained the same caring person I met forty years before. Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man sleep in his truck. Another time, he lent a friend money to buy a house. Just last year, I was conducting a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman excused the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and opened it up. Inside were the "Verbs" shirt and a note from Freddy's mother. "Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this." I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn't help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us, we all took something from Freddy. 41. A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran 42. A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan 43. A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull 44. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker 45. A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh 46. A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonesty D. mistake 47. A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended 48. A. lesson B. gift C. report D. message 49. A. friends B. awards C. masters D. tasks 50. A. simple B. unique C. fun D. clever 51. A. assessments B. comments C. instructions D. updates 52. A. graduation B. retirement C. separation D. resignation 53. A. daring B. modest C. caring D. smart 54. A. wait B. sleep C. study D. live 55. A. paid B. charged C. lent D. owed 56. A. observing B. preparing C. designing D. conducting 57. A. regretted B. avoided C. excused D. ignored 58. A. opened B. packed C. gave D. held 59. A. picture B. bill C. note D. diary 60. A. chose B. took C. expected D. borrowed 二、核心词汇（30个高考高频词） （★ 标注的为选项中出现的高频词，未标注的为原文中出现的高频词） 做高考真题，记高频单词 A genius is the person who repeats the most times! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 entered ★ /ˈentəd/ 进入 name ★ /neɪm/ 名字，名称 dull ★ /dʌl/ 沉闷的，乏味的 student ★ /ˈstjuːdnt/ 学生 laugh ★ /lɑːf/ 笑 misfortune ★ /ˌmɪsˈfɔːtʃuːn/ 不幸，灾难 ended ★ /ˈendɪd/ 结束 gift ★ /ɡɪft/ 礼物 friends ★ /frendz/ 朋友 fun ★ /fʌn/ 有趣的，乐趣 updates ★ /ʌpˈdeɪts/ 最新消息，更新 graduation ★ /ˌɡrædʒuˈeɪʃn/ 毕业 caring ★ /ˈkeərɪŋ/ 关心他人的，体贴的 sleep ★ /sliːp/ 睡觉 lent ★ /lent/ 借出 conducting ★ /kənˈdʌktɪŋ/ 组织，进行 excused ★ /ɪkˈskjuːzd/ 原谅，为……辩解 opened ★ /ˈəʊpənd/ 打开 note ★ /nəʊt/ 便条，笔记 took ★ /tʊk/ 带走，获得 built ★ /bɪlt/ 建造 decorated ★ /ˈdekəreɪtɪd/ 装饰的 ran ★ /ræn/ 经营，跑 rule ★ /ruːl/ 规则 brand ★ /brænd/ 品牌 plan ★ /plæn/ 计划 small ★ /smɔːl/ 小的 dark ★ /dɑːk/ 黑暗的 strange ★ /streɪndʒ/ 奇怪的 scholar ★ /ˈskɒlə/ 学者 三、词形变换（核心词拓展） 1. enter /ˈentə/ v. 进入 — entered /ˈentəd/ v. 进入（过去式） — entrance /ˈentrəns/ n. 入口 — entry /ˈentri/ n. 进入 2. graduate /ˈɡrædʒuət/ v. 毕业 — graduation /ˌɡrædʒuˈeɪʃn/ n. 毕业 — graduate n. 毕业生 — undergraduate /ˌʌndəˈɡrædʒuət/ n. 本科生 3. care /keə/ v. 关心 — caring /ˈkeərɪŋ/ adj. 关心他人的 — careful /ˈkeəfl/ adj. 小心的 — careless /ˈkeələs/ adj. 粗心的 4. conduct /kənˈdʌkt/ v. 组织，进行 — conducting /kənˈdʌktɪŋ/ v. 组织（现在分词） — conductor /kənˈdʌktə/ n. 指挥，售票员 — conduct n. 行为 5. excuse /ɪkˈskjuːz/ v. 原谅 — excused /ɪkˈskjuːzd/ v. 原谅（过去式） — excusable /ɪkˈskjuːzəbl/ adj. 可原谅的 — inexcusable /ˌɪnɪkˈskjuːzəbl/ adj. 不可原谅的 6. open /ˈəʊpən/ v. 打开 — opened /ˈəʊpənd/ v. 打开（过去式） — opening /ˈəʊpənɪŋ/ n. 开幕，空缺 — openly /ˈəʊpənli/ adv. 公开地 7. note /nəʊt/ n. 便条 — noted /ˈnəʊtɪd/ adj. 著名的 — notebook /ˈnəʊtbʊk/ n. 笔记本 — noteworthy /ˈnəʊtwɜːði/ adj. 值得注意的 8. lend /lend/ v. 借出 — lent /lent/ v. 借出（过去式） — lender /ˈlendə/ n. 出借人 — loan /ləʊn/ n. 贷款 9. fortune /ˈfɔːtʃuːn/ n. 运气 — fortunate /ˈfɔːtʃənət/ adj. 幸运的 — misfortune /ˌmɪsˈfɔːtʃuːn/ n. 不幸 — unfortunate /ʌnˈfɔːtʃənət/ adj. 不幸的 10. dull /dʌl/ adj. 沉闷的 — dully /ˈdʌlli/ adv. 沉闷地 — dullness /ˈdʌlnəs/ n. 沉闷 11. assess /əˈses/ v. 评估 — assessment /əˈsesmənt/ n. 评估 — assessor /əˈsesə/ n. 评估员 12. retire /rɪˈtaɪə/ v. 退休 — retirement /rɪˈtaɪəmənt/ n. 退休 — retired /rɪˈtaɪəd/ adj. 退休的 四、选词填空 第一组（从方框中选择恰当的词填空，每词限用一次） entered；name；dull；student；laugh；misfortune；ended；gift；friends；fun 1. The students _______ the classroom quietly and took their seats. 2. The _______ of the new school was decided by the community. 3. The lecture was so _______ that many students struggled to stay awake. 4. The young _______ was praised by the teacher for her excellent essay. 5. The comedian made the audience _______ throughout the entire show. 6. The family faced great _______ when their house was destroyed by the storm. 7. The school year _______ with a wonderful graduation ceremony. 8. The grandmother gave a beautiful _______ to her granddaughter on her birthday. 9. The two _______ have known each other since childhood. 10. The children had a lot of _______ playing games in the park. 第二组（从方框中选择恰当的词填空，每词限用一次） updates；graduation；caring；sleep；lent；conducting；excused；opened；note；took 11. The young mother often shares _______ about her children's progress on social media. 12. After _______ from university, she got a job at a prestigious company. 13. The _______ nurse looked after the elderly patients with great patience. 14. The tired traveler needed a place to _______ for the night. 15. The kind neighbor _______ her friend some money to pay the rent. 16. The professor is _______ a research project on climate change. 17. The student _______ herself for being late to class. 18. The young man _______ the envelope and read the letter inside. 19. The teacher left a _______ on the desk reminding the students about the homework. 20. The young artist _______ inspiration from the beautiful landscape. 五、单词填空 A. 单句语法填空（用括号内所给词的适当形式填空） 21. The _______ (enter) to the building was guarded by security. 22. The _______ (graduate) ceremony was held in the school hall. 23. The nurse's _______ (care) attitude comforted the worried patient. 24. The _______ (conduct) of the experiment required careful planning. 25. The student made an _______ (excuse) for his late submission of the assignment. 26. The _______ (open) of the new library was attended by many guests. 27. The _______ (note) author gave a speech at the book fair. 28. The _______ (lend) of the book was greatly appreciated by the student. 29. The family's _______ (fortunate) was evident when they lost everything in the fire. 30. The teacher _______ (assess) the students' work at the end of the term. B. 首字母填空（根据句意及首字母补全单词） 31. The students e________ the room quietly to avoid disturbing others. 32. The n________ of the new building was written on a plaque at the entrance. 33. The movie was so d________ that many people left the cinema early. 34. The young s________ won the first prize in the science competition. 35. The children l________ happily when they heard the funny story. 36. The family suffered great m________ when they lost their home in the earthquake. 37. The school year e________ with a wonderful performance by the students. 38. The grandmother gave her grandson a beautiful g________ on his birthday. 39. The two f________ have been friends since they were children. 40. The children had a lot of f________ playing in the park. 六、语篇翻译（英译汉） Passage 1 In 1973, I was teaching elementary school. Every day, 27 kids entered "The Thinking Laboratory." That was the name they chose because "Room 104" was too dull. Freddy was an average student, but an exceptional person. He had a rare balance of humor and kindness. He would laugh at funny things and feel deeply sad for anyone's misfortune. Before the school year ended, I gave my students a special gift — T-shirts that read "Verbs Are Your Friends." Passage 2 I had told the kids that although verbs may seem dull, most of the fun things in life involve action words. Years later, I would often receive updates about former classmates from other students. I learned that after graduation, Freddy had many different jobs. But he remained the same caring person he had always been. He once let a homeless man sleep in his truck and lent a friend money to buy a house. He was always thinking of others. Passage 3 Just last year, I was conducting a workshop when a woman knocked on the door. She excused the interruption and handed me an envelope. I opened it and found the "Verbs" T-shirt and a note from Freddy's mother. She wrote that Freddy had passed away and wanted me to have this gift. I shared the story with my class. Although it made me sad, I couldn't help but smile. Freddy may be gone, but we all took something from his life — the lesson that kindness, compassion, and a sense of fun make the world a better place. His memory lives on in the hearts of everyone who knew him. 七、默写（汉译英） 进入 __________________________ 名字，名称 __________________________ 沉闷的，乏味的 __________________________ 学生 __________________________ 笑 __________________________ 不幸，灾难 __________________________ 结束 __________________________ 礼物 __________________________ 朋友 __________________________ 有趣的，乐趣 __________________________ 最新消息，更新 __________________________ 毕业 __________________________ 关心他人的，体贴的 __________________________ 睡觉 __________________________ 借出 __________________________ 组织，进行 __________________________ 原谅，为……辩解 __________________________ 打开 __________________________ 便条，笔记 __________________________ 带走，获得 __________________________ 建造 __________________________ 装饰的 __________________________ 经营，跑 __________________________ 规则 __________________________ 品牌 __________________________ 计划 __________________________ 小的 __________________________ 黑暗的 __________________________ 奇怪的 __________________________ 学者 __________________________ 【参考答案】 板块1 真题再现答案 41—45 BADBD 46—50 ADBAC 51—55 DACBC 56—60 DCACB 板块4 选词填空答案 第一组： entered（学生们安静地走进教室并坐下） name（新学校的名字由社区决定） dull（讲座太沉闷，许多学生努力保持清醒） student（这位年轻学生因出色的文章受到老师表扬） laugh（喜剧演员让观众在整个演出中笑个不停） misfortune（房子被暴风雨毁坏时，这个家庭遭遇了巨大不幸） ended（学年以精彩的毕业典礼结束） gift（祖母在孙女生日时送给她一件美丽的礼物） friends（这两个朋友从小就认识） fun（孩子们在公园里玩游戏玩得很开心） 第二组： updates（这位年轻母亲经常在社交媒体上分享孩子们进步的最新消息） graduation（大学毕业后，她在一家知名公司找到了一份工作） caring（这位体贴的护士非常有耐心地照顾老年患者） sleep（疲惫的旅行者需要一个过夜的地方） lent（好心的邻居借给朋友一些钱付房租） conducting（教授正在组织一个关于气候变化的研究项目） excused（学生为自己上课迟到道歉） opened（年轻人打开信封读了里面的信） note（老师在桌上留了一张便条提醒学生作业） took（这位年轻艺术家从美丽的风景中获得了灵感） 板块5 单词填空答案 A. 单句语法填空： entrance（entrance to the building，大楼入口） graduation（graduation ceremony，毕业典礼） caring（caring attitude，关爱的态度） conduction（conduction of the experiment，实验的进行。注意：也可用conducting，这里用名词形式conduct表示行为，但更常用conduction指传导；此处用conducting更合适。但严格来说conducting是现在分词或动名词，此处可用conduct作为名词，但根据题目设计可采用conduct/conducting。参考答案：conduction，但实际教学中可调整） excuse（made an excuse，找借口） opening（the opening of the new library，新图书馆的开幕） noted（noted author，著名作家） lending（the lending of the book，书的外借） misfortune（family's misfortune，家庭的不幸） assessed（assessed the students' work，评估学生作业） B. 首字母填空： entered（学生们安静地进入房间以免打扰别人） name（新建筑的名字刻在入口的牌匾上） dull（这部电影太沉闷，许多人提前离开了影院） student（这位年轻学生在科学竞赛中获得了一等奖） laughed（孩子们听到有趣的故事时开心地笑了） misfortune（这个家庭在地震中失去家园时遭受了巨大的不幸） ended（学年以学生们的精彩表演结束） gift（祖母在孙子生日时送给他一份美丽的礼物） friends（这两个朋友从小就认识） fun（孩子们在公园里玩得很开心） 板块6 语篇翻译参考译文 Passage 1 1973年，我在教小学。每天，27个孩子进入“思维实验室”。那是他们选择的名字，因为“104教室”太沉闷了。弗雷迪是个普通的学生，但却是个不平凡的人。他有一种罕见的幽默与善良的平衡。他会为有趣的事大笑，也会为任何人的不幸感到深切悲伤。在学年结束之前，我给了学生们一份特别的礼物——印着“动词是你的朋友”的T恤衫。 Passage 2 我曾告诉孩子们，虽然动词可能看起来很沉闷，但生活中大多数有趣的事情都涉及动作词汇。多年后，我经常从其他学生那里收到关于老同学的最新消息。我得知毕业后弗雷迪做过许多不同的工作。但他依然是那个关心他人的人。他曾让一个无家可归的人在他的卡车里睡觉，还借给朋友钱买房子。他总是为他人着想。 Passage 3 就在去年，我在组织一个研讨会时，一位女士敲了门。她为打扰道歉，递给我一个信封。我打开它，发现了那件“动词”T恤衫和弗雷迪妈妈的一张便条。她写道弗雷迪已经去世了，希望我能收到这份礼物。我和全班分享了这件事。虽然这让我很难过，但我还是忍不住笑了。弗雷迪可能不在了，但我们都从他的生命中获得了东西——善良、同情和乐趣让世界变得更美好。他的记忆永远活在所有认识他的人心中。 板块7 词汇默写答案 entered / name / dull / student / laugh / misfortune / ended / gift / friends / fun / updates / graduation / caring / sleep / lent / conducting / excused / opened / note / took / built / decorated / ran / rule / brand / plan / small / dark / strange / scholar $