Unit 2 Using Language（写作课讲义）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

本讲义聚焦高中英语议论文写作核心知识点，以“出国留学”话题为载体，构建从话题导入到写作输出的完整学习支架。Lead in通过问题链与情境创设激活思维，Pre-writing拆解议论文结构、梳理连接词及话题词汇，While Writing引导规划与撰写，Post Writing结合同伴互评与自我修改，形成“输入-内化-输出-反馈”的递进式教学脉络。 该资料特色在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，如通过两封家长信件对比分析论证结构，提升学生逻辑思维；设计连接词分类练习与句式积累，强化语言表达准确性。课中活动激发主动探究，课后分层作业（信件写作与连接词练习）助力巩固，有效提升学生议论文写作能力与跨文化思辨素养。

Unit 2 Using Language （写作课讲义） 目录 1. Lead in 2. Pre-writing 3. While Writing 4. Post Writing 5. Homework 1. Lead in 一、问题链导入 Discuss in pairs: 1.Have you ever thought about studying abroad? Why or why not? 2.What do you think are the biggest benefits of studying in another country? international friends, better career opportunities. 3.What do you think are the biggest challenges? 二、情境创设 Imagine this: A local newspaper has invited parents to share their opinions about studying abroad. Two parents, Wang Li (mother of twin girls) and Zhang Yi (father of one boy), wrote letters expressing their views. One is against studying abroad for young people; the other is in favour. Question: Which side do you think you would agree with? Why? 三、话题词汇预热 Match the words with their meanings: A. tuition fees 1. the money you pay for education B. cultural envoy 2. a person who represents and promotes their culture abroad C. culture shock 3. the feeling of confusion when you experience a new culture D. global perspective 4. a way of understanding the world from an international viewpoint E. competence 5. the ability to do something well F. personal growth 6. the process of developing as a person 2. Pre-writing Activity 1: Read and Identify Main Points Read the two letters on pages 20-21 and underline each writer's main points. Then mark the reasons for their opinions. A. Wang Li's View (against studying abroad) Main Point Reasons / Evidence ① Disadvantages are greater than advantages. — ② Economic pressure Tuition fees and living expenses are much more expensive than at home. ③ _________________________ Students may struggle with language, suffer from culture shock, feel depressed, or face safety issues. ④ Studying in China is a good choice. China's educational environment has improved with great universities, facilities, and professors. ⑤ Conclusion: Think carefully. — Activity 2: Analyse the Argumentative Structure Mark the parts of the argument in the letters (A–D). Part Description Wang Li's Letter (Para) Zhang Yi's Letter (Para) A Start with a question or a fact Para 1 Para 1 B State an opinion Para 1 Para 1 C Give reasons and evidence Paras 2-4 Paras 2-4 D State a conclusion Para 5 Para 5 Activity 3: Identify Connectors Underline the connectors in the letters and complete the table. Category Connectors from the Letters Opinion in my opinion, as far as I know, personally, it seems to me Sequence / Addition to begin with, another, finally, in addition, what is more, besides, moreover Cause & Effect Giving Examples Contrast Restating Conclusion Activity 4: Practice Using Connectors Use the connectors in the box to rewrite the sentences below. Connectors: as a result · besides · for instance · that is to say Original Sentences Rewritten with Connector 1. Students who want to study abroad must consider their parents' budget. They should think about whether they can afford the costs of studying overseas. 2. Studying abroad can put great pressure on young people. They may feel lonely and miss their families. 3. Studying abroad will give students a good education. It also helps them to gain a global perspective. 4. Global development strategies help to make connections between China and the rest of the world. Young people with language skills and strong cultural awareness are needed. Activity 5: Brainstorming — Advantages and Disadvantages Complete the table with ideas from the letters and your own ideas. Advantages of Studying Abroad Disadvantages of Studying Abroad 1. Personal growth and independence 2. Language barriers 3. Cultural exchange 4. Loneliness and homesickness 5. Improved language skills 6. Different teaching methods 7. (Your idea: _______________) 7. (Your idea: _______________) Activity 6: Useful Sentence Patterns Complete the table with useful phrases for each part of an argumentative letter. Function Useful Phrases Opening / introducing the topic In the past few decades, ... / Stating your opinion In my opinion, ... / Adding points To begin with, ... / Giving reasons This is because ... / Giving examples For example, ... / Showing contrast Although ... / Showing cause & effect Therefore, ... / Restating In other words, ... / Concluding In conclusion, ... / 3. While Writing Activity 7: Plan Your Letter Use the outline below to organise your letter to the editor. Part Content Your Notes Para 1 Introduction: State the topic and your opinion clearly. _________________________________ Para 2 Body 1: Give your first reason + evidence/example. _________________________________ Para 3 Body 2: Give your second reason + evidence/example. _________________________________ Para 4 Body 3: Give your third reason + evidence/example. _________________________________ Para 5 Conclusion: Summarise your opinion and restate your view. _________________________________ Write a letter to the editor (120-150 words) expressing your opinion on studying abroad. Follow the structure below: Paragraph 1: Introduce the topic and state your opinion clearly. Paragraphs 2-4: Give at least three reasons with examples/evidence. Paragraph 5: Conclude by restating your opinion. Useful opening sentences: "In the past few decades, there has been a dramatic increase in..." "Is studying abroad a good idea? In my opinion, ..." Activity 9: Peer Review Checklist Exchange your draft with a partner. Use the checklist below to review. Criteria Yes No Suggestions Does the writer clearly state his/her opinion? ☐ ☐ Does the writer give at least three reasons? ☐ ☐ Does the writer provide examples or evidence? ☐ ☐ Does the writer use appropriate connectors? ☐ ☐ Does the writer have a clear conclusion? ☐ ☐ Does the writer use correct grammar and spelling? ☐ ☐ 4. Post Writing Activity 10: Self-Revision After getting feedback, revise your essay based on your partner's comments. Pay attention to: 1.Structure: Does each paragraph have a clear function? 2.Content: Are your reasons well-supported with evidence? 3.Language: Have you used a variety of connectors? 4.Grammar: Are there any mistakes in tenses, articles, or sentence structure? Activity 11: Reflect and Discuss Discuss the following questions in groups: 1.Which parent (Wang Li or Zhang Yi) do you side with? Why? 2.What are some other advantages or disadvantages of studying abroad that were not mentioned in the letters? 5. Homework Option 1: Letter Writing Write a letter to the editor (120-150 words) expressing your opinion on ONE of the following topics: Should high school students be encouraged to study abroad? Should all college students have the opportunity to study abroad for one year? Use the structure and connectors you learned in class. Option 2: Connector Practice Rewrite the following sentences using the connectors in brackets. 1.Studying abroad is expensive. Many families cannot afford it. (as a result) 2.Learning a new language is challenging. It is very rewarding. (although) 3.Students should learn about the culture before going abroad. They should prepare themselves mentally. (in addition) 4.Living abroad helps students become more independent. They learn to solve problems by themselves. (for example) 5.Studying abroad has many advantages. There are also some disadvantages. (however) 14 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 Using Language （写作课讲义） 目录 1. Lead in 2. Pre-writing 3. While Writing 4. Post Writing 5. Homework 1. Lead in 一、问题链导入 Discuss in pairs: 1.Have you ever thought about studying abroad? Why or why not? Free answers from students. 2.What do you think are the biggest benefits of studying in another country? Suggested answers: Learning a new language, experiencing a new culture, becoming independent, making international friends, better career opportunities. 3.What do you think are the biggest challenges? Suggested answers: Financial pressure, language barrier, culture shock, loneliness, different teaching methods. 二、情境创设 Imagine this: A local newspaper has invited parents to share their opinions about studying abroad. Two parents, Wang Li (mother of twin girls) and Zhang Yi (father of one boy), wrote letters expressing their views. One is against studying abroad for young people; the other is in favour. Question: Which side do you think you would agree with? Why? Free answers from students. 三、话题词汇预热 Match the words with their meanings: A. tuition fees 1. the money you pay for education B. cultural envoy 2. a person who represents and promotes their culture abroad C. culture shock 3. the feeling of confusion when you experience a new culture D. global perspective 4. a way of understanding the world from an international viewpoint E. competence 5. the ability to do something well F. personal growth 6. the process of developing as a person Answers: A→1, B→2, C→3, D→4, E→5, F→6 2. Pre-writing Activity 1: Read and Identify Main Points Read the two letters on pages 20-21 and underline each writer's main points. Then mark the reasons for their opinions. A. Wang Li's View (against studying abroad) Main Point Reasons / Evidence ① Disadvantages are greater than advantages. — ② Economic pressure Tuition fees and living expenses are much more expensive than at home. ③ _________________________ Students may struggle with language, suffer from culture shock, feel depressed, or face safety issues. ④ Studying in China is a good choice. China's educational environment has improved with great universities, facilities, and professors. ⑤ Conclusion: Think carefully. — Answers: ③ Tremendous pressure / adaptation difficulties B. Zhang Yi's View (in favour of studying abroad) Main Point Reasons / Evidence ① Advantages are greater than disadvantages. — ② Personal growth Become more independent; gain a global perspective; improve competence. ③ _________________________ Chinese students can act as cultural envoys; international students bring colourful cultures; gain insight into our own culture. ④ Career opportunities / contribution to China China needs talented young people with global perspective, language skills, leadership, and cultural awareness. ⑤ Conclusion: Studying abroad is worthwhile. — Answers: ③ Cultural exchange / increased chance for cultural exchange Activity 2: Analyse the Argumentative Structure Mark the parts of the argument in the letters (A–D). Part Description Wang Li's Letter (Para) Zhang Yi's Letter (Para) A Start with a question or a fact Para 1 Para 1 B State an opinion Para 1 Para 1 C Give reasons and evidence Paras 2-4 Paras 2-4 D State a conclusion Para 5 Para 5 Answers: Part Wang Li's Letter Zhang Yi's Letter A "In the past few decades, there has been a dramatic increase..." "Is studying abroad a good idea or not?" B "I think the disadvantages for young people are greater." "In my opinion, the advantages are much greater." C Paras 2-4 (economic pressure, pressure/adaptation, studying in China) Paras 2-4 (personal growth, cultural exchange, career opportunities) D Para 5 ("To sum up...") Para 5 ("All in all...") Activity 3: Identify Connectors Underline the connectors in the letters and complete the table. Category Connectors from the Letters Opinion in my opinion, as far as I know, personally, it seems to me Sequence / Addition to begin with, another, finally, in addition, what is more, besides, moreover Cause & Effect because, as, so, therefore, as a result, consequently Giving Examples for example, for instance, such as Contrast although, though, however, on the other hand Restating in other words, that is to say, that means Conclusion to sum up, in conclusion, all in all, generally speaking Activity 4: Practice Using Connectors Use the connectors in the box to rewrite the sentences below. Connectors: as a result · besides · for instance · that is to say Original Sentences Rewritten with Connector 1. Students who want to study abroad must consider their parents' budget. They should think about whether they can afford the costs of studying overseas. Students who want to study abroad must consider their parents' budget. That is to say, they should think about whether they can afford the costs of studying overseas. 2. Studying abroad can put great pressure on young people. They may feel lonely and miss their families. Studying abroad can put great pressure on young people. For instance, they may feel lonely and miss their families. 3. Studying abroad will give students a good education. It also helps them to gain a global perspective. Studying abroad will give students a good education. Besides, it also helps them to gain a global perspective. 4. Global development strategies help to make connections between China and the rest of the world. Young people with language skills and strong cultural awareness are needed. Global development strategies help to make connections between China and the rest of the world. As a result, young people with language skills and strong cultural awareness are needed. Activity 5: Brainstorming — Advantages and Disadvantages Complete the table with ideas from the letters and your own ideas. Advantages of Studying Abroad Disadvantages of Studying Abroad 1. Personal growth and independence 1. Economic pressure (high costs) 2. Global perspective 2. Language barriers 3. Cultural exchange 3. Culture shock 4. Better career opportunities 4. Loneliness and homesickness 5. Improved language skills 5. Safety concerns 6. Build international connections 6. Different teaching methods 7. (Your idea: _______________) 7. (Your idea: _______________) Activity 6: Useful Sentence Patterns Complete the table with useful phrases for each part of an argumentative letter. Function Useful Phrases Opening / introducing the topic In the past few decades, ... / There has been a dramatic increase in ... / Is ... a good idea or not? Stating your opinion In my opinion, ... / Personally, I think ... / From my perspective, ... / I firmly believe that ... Adding points To begin with, ... / In addition, ... / Furthermore, ... / Moreover, ... / Besides, ... / What is more, ... Giving reasons This is because ... / The reason is that ... / Due to the fact that ... Giving examples For example, ... / For instance, ... / Take ... as an example, ... / such as ... Showing contrast Although ... / While ... / On the other hand, ... / However, ... Showing cause & effect Therefore, ... / As a result, ... / Consequently, ... / This leads to ... Restating In other words, ... / That is to say, ... / That means ... Concluding In conclusion, ... / To sum up, ... / All in all, ... / To summarise, ... / On the whole, ... 3. While Writing Activity 7: Plan Your Letter Use the outline below to organise your letter to the editor. Part Content Your Notes Para 1 Introduction: State the topic and your opinion clearly. _________________________________ Para 2 Body 1: Give your first reason + evidence/example. _________________________________ Para 3 Body 2: Give your second reason + evidence/example. _________________________________ Para 4 Body 3: Give your third reason + evidence/example. _________________________________ Para 5 Conclusion: Summarise your opinion and restate your view. _________________________________ Activity 8: Write Your Draft Write a letter to the editor (120-150 words) expressing your opinion on studying abroad. Follow the structure below: Paragraph 1: Introduce the topic and state your opinion clearly. Paragraphs 2-4: Give at least three reasons with examples/evidence. Paragraph 5: Conclude by restating your opinion. Useful opening sentences: "In the past few decades, there has been a dramatic increase in..." "Is studying abroad a good idea? In my opinion, ..." Sample Essay (for reference): Dear Editor, In the past few decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of students studying abroad. In my opinion, although studying abroad has some disadvantages, the advantages are much greater. To begin with, studying abroad promotes personal growth. Students become more independent because they have to handle all kinds of difficulties by themselves. For example, they must learn to cook, manage their finances, and deal with homesickness — all of which help them mature. In addition, studying abroad provides excellent opportunities for cultural exchange. Chinese students can act as cultural envoys, sharing our traditions with people from other countries. At the same time, they can learn about different cultures, which gives them a broader global perspective. Furthermore, studying abroad opens up better career opportunities. With a global outlook and cross-cultural communication skills, students are more competitive in the job market and can better contribute to China's development. All in all, studying abroad is a life-changing experience that is certainly worthwhile. Students who study abroad gain not only knowledge but also valuable life skills and cultural awareness. Activity 9: Peer Review Checklist Exchange your draft with a partner. Use the checklist below to review. Criteria Yes No Suggestions Does the writer clearly state his/her opinion? ☐ ☐ Does the writer give at least three reasons? ☐ ☐ Does the writer provide examples or evidence? ☐ ☐ Does the writer use appropriate connectors? ☐ ☐ Does the writer have a clear conclusion? ☐ ☐ Does the writer use correct grammar and spelling? ☐ ☐ 4. Post Writing Activity 10: Self-Revision After getting feedback, revise your essay based on your partner's comments. Pay attention to: 1.Structure: Does each paragraph have a clear function? 2.Content: Are your reasons well-supported with evidence? 3.Language: Have you used a variety of connectors? 4.Grammar: Are there any mistakes in tenses, articles, or sentence structure? Activity 11: Reflect and Discuss Discuss the following questions in groups: 1.Which parent (Wang Li or Zhang Yi) do you side with? Why? Free answers from students. 2.What are some other advantages or disadvantages of studying abroad that were not mentioned in the letters? Suggested answers: Advantages: Make lifelong friends, learn a new language fluently, become more adaptable, experience different teaching methods. Disadvantages: Discrimination/racism, visa issues, difficulty finding jobs locally, missing important family events. 5. Homework Option 1: Letter Writing Write a letter to the editor (120-150 words) expressing your opinion on ONE of the following topics: Should high school students be encouraged to study abroad? Should all college students have the opportunity to study abroad for one year? Use the structure and connectors you learned in class. Sample Essay (for reference — topic: "Should high school students be encouraged to study abroad?"): Dear Editor, Should high school students be encouraged to study abroad? In my opinion, although it has some disadvantages, the benefits are worth considering. To begin with, studying abroad helps students develop independence. Living alone in a foreign country forces them to deal with all kinds of challenges, such as cooking, cleaning, and managing money. These skills are important for their future life. Moreover, studying abroad broadens students' horizons. They get to experience a different culture, make international friends, and learn a new language. This global perspective will benefit them in their future studies and careers. However, there are also disadvantages. High school students may not be mature enough to handle the pressure of living abroad. They might suffer from culture shock and loneliness. Besides, the cost is very high. In conclusion, I believe studying abroad is a good choice for mature and independent high school students. Parents should carefully consider their child's personality before making a decision. Option 2: Connector Practice Rewrite the following sentences using the connectors in brackets. 1.Studying abroad is expensive. Many families cannot afford it. (as a result) 2.Learning a new language is challenging. It is very rewarding. (although) 3.Students should learn about the culture before going abroad. They should prepare themselves mentally. (in addition) 4.Living abroad helps students become more independent. They learn to solve problems by themselves. (for example) 5.Studying abroad has many advantages. There are also some disadvantages. (however) Answers: 1.Studying abroad is expensive. As a result, many families cannot afford it. 2.Although learning a new language is challenging, it is very rewarding. 3.Students should learn about the culture before going abroad. In addition, they should prepare themselves mentally. 4.Living abroad helps students become more independent. For example, they learn to solve problems by themselves. 5.Studying abroad has many advantages. However, there are also some disadvantages. 14 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $