Unit1 Science and Scientists（单元自测卷·广东专用）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 高二英语选择性必修第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists培优卷，以科技前沿与科学家事迹为核心素材，融合语言能力培养、文化意识渗透与思维品质提升，适配单元复习且题型贴合高考命题趋势。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读|50分|科技文理解、信息筛选、推理判断|选用AI气象模型、智能玻璃等前沿素材，七选五聚焦AI应用趋势，体现时代性与思维层次性| |语言运用|30分|词汇辨析、语法填空、语篇连贯|完形填空以袁隆平事迹强化科学精神，语法填空通过周浩案例渗透工匠精神，突出文化意识| |写作|40分|应用文写作、故事续写|应用文要求描述工匠精神榜样，续写结合生活情境设计提醒APP，提升语言表达与问题解决能力|

2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第二册单元自测卷（广东专用） Unit 1 Science and Scientists·培优卷（参考答案） 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 21．C 22．B 23．D 24．D 25．C 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．C 31．B 32．C 33．C 34．B 35．B 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 36．E 37．A 38．G 39．F 40．C 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 41．A 42．D 43．A 44．B 45．C 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．D 50．D 51．B 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．B 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 56．reaches 57．the 58．making 59．commitment 60．violently 61．has led 62．firsts 63．and 64．with 65．its 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 参考范文一： A Role Model with the Spirit of Craftsmanship Craftsmanship embodies dedication, perseverance and pursuit of perfection. It is this noble spirit that fueled Yuan Longping’s lifelong exploration and extraordinary achievements. Yuan Longping devoted his entire life to hybrid rice research. He weathered harsh field conditions and numerous setbacks throughout his career. Never stopping innovating, he strived to boost rice yields tremendously through trial and error, effectively relieving global hunger and benefiting billions of people. His lifelong persistence strikes a deep chord with me. In all aspects of life, only by staying down-to-earth, focused and persistent can we overcome obstacles and fulfill our personal value with steady efforts. (99 words) 参考范文二： A Role Model with the Spirit of Craftsmanship Craftsmanship refers to wholehearted devotion, tireless exploration and persistent self-improvement in one’s professional field. Tu Youyou perfectly interprets this invaluable spiritual quality. Over decades of painstaking efforts, Tu Youyou immersed herself in traditional Chinese medicine research. She studied ancient texts and tirelessly tested hundreds of herb extracts. Despite successive experimental failures, she finally discovered artemisinin, a breakthrough in medicine that has rescued countless malaria patients worldwide. Her deeds deliver a profound lesson: no lasting success comes easily. It is consistent dedication and undefeatable spirit that enable us to make progress and grow into better versions of ourselves. (97 words) 第二节（满分25分） 【参考范文】 Back home, I sat before my computer, no longer thinking about a cool app. Grandma’s words ‌“just like a friend” kept echoing in my mind. I began designing something simple and warm — big fonts, gentle tones and a few clear buttons. I chose a lovely child’s voice for the reminder alerts. The app could record daily plans and remind users softly. Every night I tested and adjusted the code repeatedly. When the sweet voice ‌“Time for tea with Mrs. Green” finally rang out, I smiled. I knew this was the perfect surprise for Grandma. The next Friday, I brought the finished app to Grandma’s apartment. Surprised yet doubtful, she set a reminder for watering flowers with my help. Minutes later, a soft alert sounded, ‌“Grandma, your flowers may be thirsty.” Her eyes lit up. ‌“How lovely!” she laughed. From then on, Grandma never missed appointments again. Seeing her confident smile, I realized technology’s true value — serving ordinary people with warmth. (137 words) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第二册单元自测卷（广东专用） Unit 1 Science and Scientists·培优卷 学校：___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：120分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Many inventors have left their marks on history in their own ways. Although there are inventors who you might not know, that doesn’t mean their contributions to science are less significant. Keep reading to learn about some famous inventors. John Deere John Deere is best known for being an inventor in the agricultural space. When the blacksmith noticed he was often making the same repairs to wood and cast-iron plows used by farmers, he began experimenting with more durable plow designs, which he then sold to local farmers. His steel plows exploded in popularity among many farmers, with Deere’s company (also called John Deere) producing 1,600 plows in 1850. That same year, the company started producing other tools in addition to plows. Charles Babbage If you’re reading this on a computer, you have mathematician and inventor Charles Babbage to thank. Although he didn’t invent the computer as we know it today, his ideas laid the groundwork for modern computers. Because of this, he’s often referred to as “the father of computing”. Steve Jobs Along with Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs was an inventor behind Apple Computers. As the now-famous story goes, Jobs and Wozniak started Apple Computers in Jobs’ family’s garage in 1976, and the work they did there made computers more accessible and more affordable for consumers. Jobs left Apple in 1985, but he returned in 1997 and revitalized the company, leading to the creation of products like the iPod and iPhone. Joy Mangano If you’ve ever used a Miracle Mop, you have Joy Mangano to thank. The 67-year-old created the innovative cleaning tool in 1990, which she marketed and sold herself. A couple of years after inventing the device, she appeared on QVC to sell it, where more than 18,000 mops were sold within a half hour. In addition to the Miracle Mop, Mangano is the creator of Rolykit, Huggable Hangers, and Forever Fragrant. 21．What inspired John Deere to invent steel plows? A．His eagerness to earn money. B．His dream of becoming an inventor. C．The frequent repairs that he had to make. D．The high price of the wood and cast-iron plows. 22．Why do people refer to Charles Babbage as “the father of computing”? A．He invented the computer. B．He formed the basis for modern computers. C．He was a great mathematician and inventor. D．He was the person who first had the idea of reading on a computer. 23．Who made it easier for busy parents to keep the house clean? A．John Deere. B．Charles Babbage. C．Steve Jobs. D．Joy Mangano. B Arguably, the biggest science development of the year to date has been the images of the very depths of the universe taken by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).Those images beg a comparison between the external and internal universe: that science is bent on observing and understanding. Decades ago, astrophysicist Carl Sagan famously said, “The cosmos is also within us. We are made of star stuff. We are a way for the universe to know itself.” He was commenting then on the reality that our internal universe was as complex and as fantastic as the outer space. There are many similarities between the progress we’ve made in understanding the universe and in piecing together life’s inner workings. Like the technological developments that took us from Galileo’s telescope to the Hubble to the JWST, life science tools have also improved rapidly. From early light microscopes to modern super resolution ones, these developments have afforded researchers a deep look into biology’s infinitesimal (无限小的) landscape. Going beyond observing organisms, life scientists can now discover the workings of molecules (分子). And that is where scanning the universe differs from peering into biology Understanding the universe from a functional standpoint is not an immediate urgency understanding biology on that level is. Simply observing cells is not enough. Biologists must characterize how all those parts interact and change in different environments and when faced with challenges. Knowing how viruses gain entry into cells and spread can save lives. Through time, not only can life science tools produce images of cell components, but more importantly, they can help predict the effects of drugs on receptors, of immune cells on foreign invaders, and of genetic changes on development and aging. This is not to belittle the work of scientists researching into universe. They should rightly be praised for delivering views of impossibly distant, impossibly massive phenomena. My aim is to celebrate these accomplishments while at the same time recognizing that science’s inward search for detail and insight is equally impressive and, in my view, more urgent. The output of both the outward and inward explorations should stimulate wonder in everyone. 24．Why does the author quote Carl Sagan’s comment in Paragraph 2? A．To introduce the background. B．To prove an assumption. C．To make a comparison. D．To present an idea. 25．Like the study of the universe, life science has been advancing in ________. A．study approaches B．system management C．research facilities D．technology combination 26．We can infer from Paragraph 4 that biologists’ work is ________. A．practical B．interactive C．flexible D．complex 27．As for life science which would the author agree with? A．It has received universal recognition. B．It should enjoy priority in development. C．It can be applied in the majority of areas. D．It is more complicated than space science. C Large glass buildings enjoy an attractive appearance and are widely adopted in modern building design. But they suffer from an unavoidable problem. Too much sunlight passes through the glass, causing indoor temperatures to rise greatly during hot summers. To keep a comfortable indoor temperature, air-conditioning (空调) devices have to work continuously, consuming a lot of electric energy. Is it possible to create glass that can darken automatically(自动地) against strong sunlight, requiring no electric power at all? Scientists from Aarhus University in Denmark have successfully invented a kind of smart glass to achieve this eco-friendly effect. The invention relies on tiny silver structures called silver nanorings, which are fixed inside the glass. When strong sunlight meets these tiny rings, they respond by blocking unnecessary heat from passing through the glass. The stronger the sunlight becomes, the more heat it can block. Most surprisingly, the entire physical reaction continues naturally without using electricity. With this smart glass, modern buildings can cut down energy use effectively. The material keeps indoor spaces cool in a natural way, reducing the use of air conditioners. Meanwhile, decreased energy use contributes to fewer carbon emissions (排放), bringing huge environmental benefits. However, the new technology isn’t fully developed for the market yet. For one thing, the smart glass functions perfectly under specific weather conditions, and researchers are determined to help it better adapt to different climates. For another, producing the silver nanorings still requires high costs now. Even so, researchers keep positive and firmly believe that these difficulties will be overcome in the near future. If the technology is widely applied, smart glass will be popular in offices, living buildings and even vehicles, creating an energy-saving world with zero electricity waste for temperature control. 28．Why does the author mention air-conditioning devices? A．To offer guidance on using air-conditioning. B．To criticize people for wasting energy. C．To show the problem of large glass buildings. D．To compare different cooling methods. 29．How does smart glass work? A．It relies on huge structures. B．It darkens by using electricity. C．It turns sunlight into power. D．It keeps unwanted heat outdoors. 30．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．Where smart glass can be applied. B．When smart glass works perfectly. C．Why smart glass isn’t ready for sale. D．What makes smart glass expensive. 31．Which best describes the researchers’ attitude towards the future of smart glass? A．Doubtful. B．Hopeful. C．Uncertain. D．Uninterested. D With global temperatures climbing and sea levels rising, extreme weather events are becoming an everyday reality. Getting informed in time to prepare for a disastrous hurricane or heat wave could be the disparity between life and death. Now AI can help. Two studies published in the journal Nature described the benefits of two AI models that could improve weather forecasting. The first AI-based system, developed by the Huawei Cloud team, is known as Pangu-Weather. It is capable of predicting global weather a week in advance. Before it came out, most countries relied on mathematical weather prediction models. What makes Pangu-Weather different is that the Pangu-Weather model is deeply trained with the help of 39-year global weather data, preparing it to forecast temperature, pressure, and wind speed. When compared to the mathematical weather prediction method, Pangu-Weather is 10,000 times faster and no less accurate. Pangu-Weather can predict weather patterns 5 to 7 days in advance. However, it can’t forecast precipitation (降水). As precipitation prediction is vital for extreme weather forecasting, a second Nature model, NowcastNet, fills this gap. It can accurately predict rainfall 6 hours ahead, helping meteorologists (气象学家) study weather patterns in real-time more effectively. NowcastNet focuses on detailed, realistic descriptions of extreme rainfall patterns. It uses radar observations from the US and China, as well as deep learning methods, to predict precipitation rates over a 1.6-million-square-mile region of the eastern and central US up to 3 hours in advance. 62 meteorologists from China tested NowcastNet and ranked it first, out of four other leading weather forecasting methods, in reliably predicting heavy rain. While generative AI models have good prospects in weather forecasting, experts point out that replacing existing systems has many challenges. However, in 5 to 10 years, these models may surprise us. 32．What does the underlined word “disparity” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Balance. B．Relationship. C．Difference. D．Comparison. 33．What’s special about Pangu-Weather? A．Theory-based. B．Human-operated. C．Data-driven. D．Cloud-powered. 34．What is an advantage of NowcastNet? A．It reduces radar errors on a large scale. B．It predicts downpours with high accuracy. C．It observes rain data from global countries. D．It tracks extreme weather 24 hours in advance. 35．What is the text mainly about? A．The impacts of climate change on extreme weather events. B．The introduction to high-tech weather-forecasting models. C．The explanation of new measures to protect the environment. D．The challenges in using generative AI in weather forecasting. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been one of the most revolutionary technologies in recent decades, and its future development holds even more astonishing prospects. One significant trend is the continuous expansion of AI applications. For instance, in the transportation sector, self-driving vehicles are expected to become more common and reliable. They will improve traffic efficiency. 36 . It’s expected that in the near future, self-driving cars will be a mainstream mode of transportation. In the field of healthcare, AI will play an increasingly crucial role. 37 . By analysing an individual’s genetic data, lifestyle, and medical history, AI systems can more accurately predict diseases and recommend tailored treatment plans. This will lead to more effective prevention and cures. Another trend is the improvement of AI’s cognitive (认知的) abilities. AI will be able to understand and generate natural language more skillfully. 38 . Therefore, it will promote global communication and cooperation. Virtual assistants will also become more intelligent and human-like. They are able to have in-depth and meaningful conversations with users, understanding their emotions and intentions better. 39 . Smart factories will emerge (出现). Here AI-powered robots and machines can work together efficiently. They can improve production processes, detect faults in real-time, and adjust production parameters (参数) automatically, leading to higher productivity and quality control. Obviously, the future of AI technology is filled with unlimited possibilities. 40 , bringing about greater convenience, efficiency and progress. A．It can be used for personalised medicine B．The cost of developing AI remains extremely high C．It will reshape various industries and aspects of our lives D．It can monitor patients’ vital signs continuously in hospitals E．They’ll also reduce the number of accidents caused by human errors F．There’s no doubt that AI will fuel innovation in industrial production G．This means cross-language translation will be highly accurate and fluent 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Yuan Longping devoted his whole life to rice research, aiming to solve the food shortage problem. When he came up with his creative idea years ago, many people doubted him. They thought his plan would fail and he might 41 those who believed in him. However, he stuck firmly to his dream and never gave up. At that time, lacking food was a serious social 42 nationwide. Yuan held a strong inner 43 to help ordinary people have enough to eat. He spent most of his time doing field research regardless of bad weather. His main 44 was to develop high-yield rice to feed more hungry people. His research was filled with difficulties. Several experiments failed, but he kept trying new 45 . He believed scientists should stay 46 when facing various setbacks (挫折). No matter how others questioned his work, he would never 47 and retreat (退缩). A heavy flood once destroyed his rice seedlings. Instead of feeling 48 , he cheered up and restarted his work. He continued with steady 49 . Besides, he even 50 his own money to support young researchers and valued teamwork greatly. Decades of efforts finally paid off. Hybrid rice increased grain output greatly and benefited numerous families. For his great contributions, Yuan was highly 51 by people at home and abroad. His story brings us valuable lessons. Once we set a clear life 52 , we can gain strength to move forward. He never felt 53 in hard times and always kept a 54 mind all his life. His spirit will always 55 teenagers to pursue dreams and serve our country. 41．A．let down B．cheer up C．look after D．turn to 42．A．disease B．choice C．accident D．problem 43．A．desire B．doubt C．fear D．warning 44．A．concern B．strategy C．memory D．mistake 45．A．excuses B．chances C．ways D．risks 46．A．flexible B．energetic C．brave D．generous 47．A．hesitate B．satisfy C．shoot D．press 48．A．ashamed B．hopeless C．surprised D．curious 49．A．balance B．response C．effect D．patience 50．A．saved B．wasted C．earned D．donated 51．A．blamed B．respected C．attacked D．ignored 52．A．account B．cure C．goal D．secret 53．A．calm B．frank C．ready D．afraid 54．A．positive B．negative C．strange D．careful 55．A．replace B．inspire C．remove D．copy 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The pressure at 10,000 meters underwater 56 (reach) nearly 1,100 kilograms per square centimeter. At such a depth, even 57 tiniest mistake can put both the equipment and people in life-threatening danger. Aware of the risk, Zhou Hao, the 46-year-old chief technician of the Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, does his work with extreme strictness, 58 (make) equipment parts with precision down to 0.003 millimeters — about one-thirtieth the width of a human hair. Beyond that strictness, however, lies an equally remarkable 59 (commit) to his work: during a shipboard mission, he threw up 60 (violent) but when the equipment failed, he pulled himself together and fixed the problem. Over the past decade, in addition to solving 366 technical challenges, Zhou 61 (lead) 316 upgrades for sea trials, helping China’s domestically built submarines achieve multiple national and international 62 (first). Zhou is currently training the next generation. Among his four apprentices (学徒), one is a senior technician, two are mid-level technicians, 63 the last one is an advanced-level trainee. Zhou makes it his duty to equip them 64 the knowledge of the nation’s deep-sea technology. As China pushes 65 (it) deep-sea ambitions, Zhou believes craftsmanship will determine how far the country can go. He said, “There is no road in the deep sea. We don’t need to follow — we are the path.” 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你校英文报正举办主题为“工匠精神”的征文活动，请以“A Role Model with the Spirit of Craftsmanship”为题，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 人物事迹； 2. 获得的启示。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A Role Model with the Spirit of Craftsmanship ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料：根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 After graduating from university, I began working as a programmer in a small software company. I loved coding (编码) and always hoped to design a cool app with complex functions to show my talent and ability. However, no idea had truly satisfied me. One Friday afternoon, after a long day at work, I suddenly wanted to visit my grandma. She lived alone in a small, sunny apartment. Grandma was cheerful and independent. She loved looking after her plants, drinking tea with her old friends and going to the book club every week. “Growing old doesn’t make me helpless,” she often said, lifting her chin (下巴) slightly. “I’m fully capable of handling things on my own.” But in recent months, I had noticed some small changes. She sometimes forgot where she had put her glasses. Once, she watered the same flower pot twice. Another time, she wrote a shopping list carefully, but later could not find it anywhere. When I arrived at Grandma’s apartment that Friday afternoon, Grandma was sitting beside her phone with a worried look. “Molly, dear,” she said, trying to smile, “Mrs. Green just called. I was supposed to meet her for tea this afternoon, but I completely forgot.” “It’s all right, Grandma,” I said gently. She let out an awkward little laugh, her face burning slightly. On the table lay a small notebook. In it, she had written reminders: take medicine, water the flowers, meet Mrs. Green for tea, book club on Friday… Some words were crossed out twice, while others were circled heavily. “I can still manage,” Grandma said, as if reading my thoughts. Then she gave a soft sigh (叹气). “But sometimes I do wish something could remind me gently. Not loudly, not like an order — just like a friend.” Her words stayed with me. Looking at her notebook, I suddenly felt that the app I had been looking for might be right here. “Give me some time, Grandma,” I said with a smile. “I’ll bring you a little surprise.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Back home, I sat before my computer, no longer thinking about a cool app. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next Friday, I brought the finished app to Grandma’s apartment. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第二册单元自测卷（广东专用） Unit 1 Science and Scientists·培优卷 学校：___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：120分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Many inventors have left their marks on history in their own ways. Although there are inventors who you might not know, that doesn’t mean their contributions to science are less significant. Keep reading to learn about some famous inventors. John Deere John Deere is best known for being an inventor in the agricultural space. When the blacksmith noticed he was often making the same repairs to wood and cast-iron plows used by farmers, he began experimenting with more durable plow designs, which he then sold to local farmers. His steel plows exploded in popularity among many farmers, with Deere’s company (also called John Deere) producing 1,600 plows in 1850. That same year, the company started producing other tools in addition to plows. Charles Babbage If you’re reading this on a computer, you have mathematician and inventor Charles Babbage to thank. Although he didn’t invent the computer as we know it today, his ideas laid the groundwork for modern computers. Because of this, he’s often referred to as “the father of computing”. Steve Jobs Along with Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs was an inventor behind Apple Computers. As the now-famous story goes, Jobs and Wozniak started Apple Computers in Jobs’ family’s garage in 1976, and the work they did there made computers more accessible and more affordable for consumers. Jobs left Apple in 1985, but he returned in 1997 and revitalized the company, leading to the creation of products like the iPod and iPhone. Joy Mangano If you’ve ever used a Miracle Mop, you have Joy Mangano to thank. The 67-year-old created the innovative cleaning tool in 1990, which she marketed and sold herself. A couple of years after inventing the device, she appeared on QVC to sell it, where more than 18,000 mops were sold within a half hour. In addition to the Miracle Mop, Mangano is the creator of Rolykit, Huggable Hangers, and Forever Fragrant. 21．What inspired John Deere to invent steel plows? A．His eagerness to earn money. B．His dream of becoming an inventor. C．The frequent repairs that he had to make. D．The high price of the wood and cast-iron plows. 22．Why do people refer to Charles Babbage as “the father of computing”? A．He invented the computer. B．He formed the basis for modern computers. C．He was a great mathematician and inventor. D．He was the person who first had the idea of reading on a computer. 23．Who made it easier for busy parents to keep the house clean? A．John Deere. B．Charles Babbage. C．Steve Jobs. D．Joy Mangano. 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了4位著名发明家的事迹。 【详解】21．细节理解题。由John Deere中“When the blacksmith noticed he was often making the same repairs to wood and cast-iron plows used by farmers, he began experimenting with more durable plow designs, which he then sold to local farmers. (当这位铁匠注意到他经常对农民使用的木制和铸铁犁进行同样的维修时，他开始试验更耐用的犁设计，然后卖给当地农民)”可知，不得不经常修理木制和铸铁犁激发了John Deere发明钢犁。故选C项。 22．细节理解题。由Charles Babbage中“Although he didn’t invent the computer as we know it today, his ideas laid the groundwork for modern computers. Because of this, he’s often referred to as “the father of computing”. (尽管他没有发明我们今天所知的计算机，但他的想法为现代计算机奠定了基础。正因为如此，他经常被称为“计算机之父”)”可知，Charles Babbage被称为“计算机之父”是因为他奠定了现代计算机的基础。故选B项。 23．细节理解题。由Joy Mangano中“If you’ve ever used a Miracle Mop, you have Joy Mangano to thank. The 67-year-old created the innovative cleaning tool in 1990, which she marketed and sold herself. (如果你曾经使用过奇迹拖把，那就要感谢Joy Mangano。这位67岁的女士于1990年发明了这种创新的清洁工具，并将其推向市场并出售)”可知，发明奇迹拖把的Joy Mangano让忙碌的父母更容易保持家里的清洁。故选D项。 B Arguably, the biggest science development of the year to date has been the images of the very depths of the universe taken by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).Those images beg a comparison between the external and internal universe: that science is bent on observing and understanding. Decades ago, astrophysicist Carl Sagan famously said, “The cosmos is also within us. We are made of star stuff. We are a way for the universe to know itself.” He was commenting then on the reality that our internal universe was as complex and as fantastic as the outer space. There are many similarities between the progress we’ve made in understanding the universe and in piecing together life’s inner workings. Like the technological developments that took us from Galileo’s telescope to the Hubble to the JWST, life science tools have also improved rapidly. From early light microscopes to modern super resolution ones, these developments have afforded researchers a deep look into biology’s infinitesimal (无限小的) landscape. Going beyond observing organisms, life scientists can now discover the workings of molecules (分子). And that is where scanning the universe differs from peering into biology Understanding the universe from a functional standpoint is not an immediate urgency understanding biology on that level is. Simply observing cells is not enough. Biologists must characterize how all those parts interact and change in different environments and when faced with challenges. Knowing how viruses gain entry into cells and spread can save lives. Through time, not only can life science tools produce images of cell components, but more importantly, they can help predict the effects of drugs on receptors, of immune cells on foreign invaders, and of genetic changes on development and aging. This is not to belittle the work of scientists researching into universe. They should rightly be praised for delivering views of impossibly distant, impossibly massive phenomena. My aim is to celebrate these accomplishments while at the same time recognizing that science’s inward search for detail and insight is equally impressive and, in my view, more urgent. The output of both the outward and inward explorations should stimulate wonder in everyone. 24．Why does the author quote Carl Sagan’s comment in Paragraph 2? A．To introduce the background. B．To prove an assumption. C．To make a comparison. D．To present an idea. 25．Like the study of the universe, life science has been advancing in ________. A．study approaches B．system management C．research facilities D．technology combination 26．We can infer from Paragraph 4 that biologists’ work is ________. A．practical B．interactive C．flexible D．complex 27．As for life science which would the author agree with? A．It has received universal recognition. B．It should enjoy priority in development. C．It can be applied in the majority of areas. D．It is more complicated than space science. 【答案】24．D 25．C 26．A 27．B 【导语】本文以詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜的宇宙观测成果引入，对比了人类对外部宇宙与内部生命科学的探索，指出生命科学研究同样成就斐然，且更具现实紧迫性、应得到重视。 【详解】24．推理判断题。根据第二段“He was commenting then on the reality that our internal universe was as complex and as fantastic as the outer space.(他当时阐释了这样一个事实：人类的内在世界与外部宇宙同样复杂、同样奇妙)”可知，作者引用名言是为了提出、阐释核心观点。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段“Like the technological developments that took us from Galileo’s telescope to the Hubble to the JWST, life science tools have also improved rapidly.(正如从伽利略望远镜到哈勃望远镜、再到詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜的技术迭代，生命科学的研究工具也在飞速发展)”可知，和宇宙研究一样，生命科学在研究设施方面取得了进步。 26．推理判断题。根据第四段“Knowing how viruses gain entry into cells and spread can save lives. Through time, not only can life science tools produce images of cell components, but more importantly, they can help predict the effects of drugs on receptors, of immune cells on foreign invaders, and of genetic changes on development and aging.(了解病毒如何进入细胞并传播，有助于挽救生命。随着时间的推移，不仅生命科学工具能够生成细胞组分的图像，更重要的是，它们还能帮助预测药物对受体的影响、免疫细胞对外来入侵者的影响，以及基因变化对发育和衰老的影响)”可知，生物研究可以切实救人、服务医疗，极具实用性。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“My aim is to celebrate these accomplishments while at the same time recognizing that science’s inward search for detail and insight is equally impressive and, in my view, more urgent.(我的目标是在庆祝这些成就的同时，也认识到科学对细节和洞察力的内在追求同样令人钦佩，并且在我看来，更为紧迫)”可知，作者认为生命科学更加紧迫，应当优先发展。 C Large glass buildings enjoy an attractive appearance and are widely adopted in modern building design. But they suffer from an unavoidable problem. Too much sunlight passes through the glass, causing indoor temperatures to rise greatly during hot summers. To keep a comfortable indoor temperature, air-conditioning (空调) devices have to work continuously, consuming a lot of electric energy. Is it possible to create glass that can darken automatically(自动地) against strong sunlight, requiring no electric power at all? Scientists from Aarhus University in Denmark have successfully invented a kind of smart glass to achieve this eco-friendly effect. The invention relies on tiny silver structures called silver nanorings, which are fixed inside the glass. When strong sunlight meets these tiny rings, they respond by blocking unnecessary heat from passing through the glass. The stronger the sunlight becomes, the more heat it can block. Most surprisingly, the entire physical reaction continues naturally without using electricity. With this smart glass, modern buildings can cut down energy use effectively. The material keeps indoor spaces cool in a natural way, reducing the use of air conditioners. Meanwhile, decreased energy use contributes to fewer carbon emissions (排放), bringing huge environmental benefits. However, the new technology isn’t fully developed for the market yet. For one thing, the smart glass functions perfectly under specific weather conditions, and researchers are determined to help it better adapt to different climates. For another, producing the silver nanorings still requires high costs now. Even so, researchers keep positive and firmly believe that these difficulties will be overcome in the near future. If the technology is widely applied, smart glass will be popular in offices, living buildings and even vehicles, creating an energy-saving world with zero electricity waste for temperature control. 28．Why does the author mention air-conditioning devices? A．To offer guidance on using air-conditioning. B．To criticize people for wasting energy. C．To show the problem of large glass buildings. D．To compare different cooling methods. 29．How does smart glass work? A．It relies on huge structures. B．It darkens by using electricity. C．It turns sunlight into power. D．It keeps unwanted heat outdoors. 30．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．Where smart glass can be applied. B．When smart glass works perfectly. C．Why smart glass isn’t ready for sale. D．What makes smart glass expensive. 31．Which best describes the researchers’ attitude towards the future of smart glass? A．Doubtful. B．Hopeful. C．Uncertain. D．Uninterested. 【答案】28．C 29．D 30．C 31．B 【导语】介绍丹麦研发的无电自调光智能玻璃的工作原理、节能环保优势，同时指出该技术尚未量产的两大难题，并表达研究人员乐观的发展预期。 【详解】28．推理判断题。根据第一段“Too much sunlight passes through the glass, causing indoor temperatures to rise greatly during hot summers. To keep a comfortable indoor temperature, air-conditioning (空调) devices have to work continuously, consuming a lot of electric energy.(过多的阳光透过玻璃，导致炎热的夏天室内温度大幅上升。为了保持舒适的室内温度，空调设备必须持续运行，消耗大量电能)”可知，作者提到空调设备是为了说明大型玻璃建筑存在的问题，即因阳光透过玻璃带来的高能耗问题。 29．细节理解题。根据第三段“When strong sunlight meets these tiny rings, they respond by blocking unnecessary heat from passing through the glass.(当强烈的阳光照射到这些小环时，它们会做出反应，阻挡不必要的热量透过玻璃)”可知，智能玻璃是通过将多余热量阻挡在室外来工作的。 30．主旨大意题。根据第五段“However, the new technology isn’t fully developed for the market yet. For one thing, the smart glass functions perfectly under specific weather conditions, and researchers are determined to help it better adapt to different climates. For another, producing the silver nanorings still requires high costs now.(但这项新技术尚未完成面向市场的全面研发。一方面，这种智能玻璃仅能在特定天气环境下稳定运行，研究人员正致力于优化它，使其更好适应各类气候；另一方面，目前制备银纳米环的生产成本依旧很高)”可知，第五段主要讲智能玻璃暂未上市的原因。 31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even so, researchers keep positive and firmly believe that these difficulties will be overcome in the near future.(即便如此，研究人员仍保持积极态度，并坚信这些困难将在不久的将来被克服)”可知，研究人员对智能玻璃的未来充满希望。 D With global temperatures climbing and sea levels rising, extreme weather events are becoming an everyday reality. Getting informed in time to prepare for a disastrous hurricane or heat wave could be the disparity between life and death. Now AI can help. Two studies published in the journal Nature described the benefits of two AI models that could improve weather forecasting. The first AI-based system, developed by the Huawei Cloud team, is known as Pangu-Weather. It is capable of predicting global weather a week in advance. Before it came out, most countries relied on mathematical weather prediction models. What makes Pangu-Weather different is that the Pangu-Weather model is deeply trained with the help of 39-year global weather data, preparing it to forecast temperature, pressure, and wind speed. When compared to the mathematical weather prediction method, Pangu-Weather is 10,000 times faster and no less accurate. Pangu-Weather can predict weather patterns 5 to 7 days in advance. However, it can’t forecast precipitation (降水). As precipitation prediction is vital for extreme weather forecasting, a second Nature model, NowcastNet, fills this gap. It can accurately predict rainfall 6 hours ahead, helping meteorologists (气象学家) study weather patterns in real-time more effectively. NowcastNet focuses on detailed, realistic descriptions of extreme rainfall patterns. It uses radar observations from the US and China, as well as deep learning methods, to predict precipitation rates over a 1.6-million-square-mile region of the eastern and central US up to 3 hours in advance. 62 meteorologists from China tested NowcastNet and ranked it first, out of four other leading weather forecasting methods, in reliably predicting heavy rain. While generative AI models have good prospects in weather forecasting, experts point out that replacing existing systems has many challenges. However, in 5 to 10 years, these models may surprise us. 32．What does the underlined word “disparity” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Balance. B．Relationship. C．Difference. D．Comparison. 33．What’s special about Pangu-Weather? A．Theory-based. B．Human-operated. C．Data-driven. D．Cloud-powered. 34．What is an advantage of NowcastNet? A．It reduces radar errors on a large scale. B．It predicts downpours with high accuracy. C．It observes rain data from global countries. D．It tracks extreme weather 24 hours in advance. 35．What is the text mainly about? A．The impacts of climate change on extreme weather events. B．The introduction to high-tech weather-forecasting models. C．The explanation of new measures to protect the environment. D．The challenges in using generative AI in weather forecasting. 【答案】32．C 33．C 34．B 35．B 【导语】文章主要介绍了两款新型AI气象模型“盘古气象大模型”与“NowcastNet”在极端天气预测中的优势与应用前景。 【详解】32．词句猜测题。 根据第一段中“Getting informed in time to prepare for a disastrous hurricane or heat wave could be the disparity between life and death.(及时获知信息以防范灾难性飓风或热浪，可能是生与死之间的disparity。)”可知，能否及时获取信息决定了生死两种截然不同的结果，因此disparity在此处意为“差别，差异”。 33．推理判断题。 根据第二段中“What makes Pangu-Weather different is that the Pangu-Weather model is deeply trained with the help of 39-year global weather data, preparing it to forecast temperature, pressure, and wind speed.(盘古气象大模型的独特之处在于，该模型依托长达39年的全球气象数据进行深度训练，使其能够预测气温、气压以及风速。)”可知，盘古气象大模型的核心特点是依靠海量数据进行深度学习训练，即“数据驱动”。 34．细节理解题。 根据第四段中“NowcastNet focuses on detailed, realistic descriptions of extreme rainfall patterns. It uses radar observations from the US and China, as well as deep learning methods, to predict precipitation rates over a 1.6-million-square-mile region of the eastern and central US up to 3 hours in advance. 62 meteorologists from China tested NowcastNet and ranked it first, out of four other leading weather forecasting methods, in reliably predicting heavy rain.(NowcastNet侧重细致、真实地还原强降雨气象特征。该模型整合中美两国雷达监测数据，结合深度学习算法，能够提前三小时预判美国中东部160万平方英里区域内的降水强度。来自中国的62名气象专家对NowcastNet开展测评，与其他四款主流预报工具相比，该模型的暴雨预报可靠性排名第一。)”可知，NowcastNet的优势在于能高精度地预测强降雨。 35．主旨大意题。 根据全文内容，文章开篇引出AI助力天气预报的话题，随后分别详细介绍了“盘古气象大模型”和“NowcastNet”两款AI气象模型的工作原理、独特优势及应用效果，最后展望了其发展前景。B选项“The introduction to high-tech weather-forecasting models.(高科技天气预报模型的介绍。)”最能概括全文主旨。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been one of the most revolutionary technologies in recent decades, and its future development holds even more astonishing prospects. One significant trend is the continuous expansion of AI applications. For instance, in the transportation sector, self-driving vehicles are expected to become more common and reliable. They will improve traffic efficiency. 36 . It’s expected that in the near future, self-driving cars will be a mainstream mode of transportation. In the field of healthcare, AI will play an increasingly crucial role. 37 . By analysing an individual’s genetic data, lifestyle, and medical history, AI systems can more accurately predict diseases and recommend tailored treatment plans. This will lead to more effective prevention and cures. Another trend is the improvement of AI’s cognitive (认知的) abilities. AI will be able to understand and generate natural language more skillfully. 38 . Therefore, it will promote global communication and cooperation. Virtual assistants will also become more intelligent and human-like. They are able to have in-depth and meaningful conversations with users, understanding their emotions and intentions better. 39 . Smart factories will emerge (出现). Here AI-powered robots and machines can work together efficiently. They can improve production processes, detect faults in real-time, and adjust production parameters (参数) automatically, leading to higher productivity and quality control. Obviously, the future of AI technology is filled with unlimited possibilities. 40 , bringing about greater convenience, efficiency and progress. A．It can be used for personalised medicine B．The cost of developing AI remains extremely high C．It will reshape various industries and aspects of our lives D．It can monitor patients’ vital signs continuously in hospitals E．They’ll also reduce the number of accidents caused by human errors F．There’s no doubt that AI will fuel innovation in industrial production G．This means cross-language translation will be highly accurate and fluent 【答案】36．E 37．A 38．G 39．F 40．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了人工智能（AI）作为一项革命性技术的未来发展趋势，包括AI应用的持续扩展、认知能力的提升以及对工业生产的推动，并指出AI将为人类带来更大的便利、效率和进步。 【详解】36．上文“They will improve traffic efficiency. (它们将提高交通效率。)”介绍了自动驾驶汽车的优势，下文“It’s expected that in the near future, self-driving cars will be a mainstream mode of transportation. (预计在不久的将来，自动驾驶汽车将成为主流交通方式。)”继续展望其前景。E项“They’ll also reduce the number of accidents caused by human errors (它们还将减少由人为错误造成的事故数量)”中的They指代self-driving vehicles，also表明是对上文优势的补充，与上下文构成递进关系，符合语境。 37．上文“In the field of healthcare, AI will play an increasingly crucial role. (在医疗领域，AI将发挥越来越重要的作用。)”引出AI在医疗中的作用，下文“By analysing an individual’s genetic data, lifestyle, and medical history, AI systems can more accurately predict diseases and recommend tailored treatment plans. (通过分析个人的基因数据、生活方式和病史，AI系统可以更准确地预测疾病并推荐量身定制的治疗方案。)”具体说明AI如何辅助医疗。A项“It can be used for personalised medicine (它可以用于个性化医疗)”中的It指代AI，personalised medicine与下文的tailored treatment plans相呼应，起到承上启下的作用。 38．上文“AI will be able to understand and generate natural language more skillfully. (AI将能够更熟练地理解和生成自然语言。)”说明AI语言能力的提升，下文“Therefore, it will promote global communication and cooperation. (因此，它将促进全球交流与合作。)”说明其带来的结果。G项“This means cross-language translation will be highly accurate and fluent (这意味着跨语言翻译将高度准确和流畅)”中的This指代上文提到的语言能力提升，cross-language translation与global communication and cooperation形成因果逻辑。 39．下文“Smart factories will emerge. Here AI-powered robots and machines can work together efficiently. They can improve production processes, detect faults in real-time, and adjust production parameters automatically, leading to higher productivity and quality control. (智能工厂将出现。在这里，AI驱动的机器人和机器可以高效协作。它们可以改进生产流程，实时检测故障，自动调整生产参数，从而提高生产力和质量控制。)”详细描述了AI在工业生产中的应用。F项“There’s no doubt that AI will fuel innovation in industrial production (毫无疑问，AI将推动工业生产的创新)”作为段落主题句，概括了本段内容，fuel innovation与下文的具体描述相吻合。 40．上文“Obviously, the future of AI technology is filled with unlimited possibilities. (显然，AI技术的未来充满无限可能。)”总结AI的前景，下文“bringing about greater convenience, efficiency and progress. (带来更大的便利、效率和进步。)”说明其影响。C项“It will reshape various industries and aspects of our lives (它将重塑各行各业和我们生活的方方面面)”中的It指代AI technology，reshape various industries and aspects of our lives与下文的greater convenience, efficiency and progress形成具体说明关系。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Yuan Longping devoted his whole life to rice research, aiming to solve the food shortage problem. When he came up with his creative idea years ago, many people doubted him. They thought his plan would fail and he might 41 those who believed in him. However, he stuck firmly to his dream and never gave up. At that time, lacking food was a serious social 42 nationwide. Yuan held a strong inner 43 to help ordinary people have enough to eat. He spent most of his time doing field research regardless of bad weather. His main 44 was to develop high-yield rice to feed more hungry people. His research was filled with difficulties. Several experiments failed, but he kept trying new 45 . He believed scientists should stay 46 when facing various setbacks (挫折). No matter how others questioned his work, he would never 47 and retreat (退缩). A heavy flood once destroyed his rice seedlings. Instead of feeling 48 , he cheered up and restarted his work. He continued with steady 49 . Besides, he even 50 his own money to support young researchers and valued teamwork greatly. Decades of efforts finally paid off. Hybrid rice increased grain output greatly and benefited numerous families. For his great contributions, Yuan was highly 51 by people at home and abroad. His story brings us valuable lessons. Once we set a clear life 52 , we can gain strength to move forward. He never felt 53 in hard times and always kept a 54 mind all his life. His spirit will always 55 teenagers to pursue dreams and serve our country. 41．A．let down B．cheer up C．look after D．turn to 42．A．disease B．choice C．accident D．problem 43．A．desire B．doubt C．fear D．warning 44．A．concern B．strategy C．memory D．mistake 45．A．excuses B．chances C．ways D．risks 46．A．flexible B．energetic C．brave D．generous 47．A．hesitate B．satisfy C．shoot D．press 48．A．ashamed B．hopeless C．surprised D．curious 49．A．balance B．response C．effect D．patience 50．A．saved B．wasted C．earned D．donated 51．A．blamed B．respected C．attacked D．ignored 52．A．account B．cure C．goal D．secret 53．A．calm B．frank C．ready D．afraid 54．A．positive B．negative C．strange D．careful 55．A．replace B．inspire C．remove D．copy 【答案】 41．A 42．D 43．A 44．B 45．C 46．C 47．A 48．B 49．D 50．D 51．B 52．C 53．D 54．A 55．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述袁隆平毕生钻研杂交水稻，不惧挫折坚守理想，其精神激励青年逐梦报国。 【详解】41．考查动词短语。句意：他们认为他的计划会失败，他或许会让那些相信他的人失望。A. let down使失望；B. cheer up使振奋；C. look after照顾；D. turn to求助。根据前文“many people doubted him.”可知，众人质疑他，认为他会辜负支持者，让那些相信他的人失望。 42．考查名词。句意：那时，粮食短缺是全国范围内严峻的社会难题。A. disease疾病；B. choice选择；C. accident事故；D. problem难题。根据前文“lacking food”可知，粮食不足是亟待解决的社会问题。 43．考查名词。句意：袁隆平内心有着强烈的渴望，想要让普通百姓吃饱饭。A. desire渴望；B. doubt怀疑；C. fear恐惧；D. warning警告。根据后文“help ordinary people have enough to eat.”可知，他一心想解决温饱，内心怀有强烈的心愿。故选A。 44．考查名词。句意：他的主要策略是培育高产水稻，养活更多饥饿的人。A. concern担忧；B. strategy策略，方案；C. memory记忆；D. mistake错误。根据后文“to develop high-yield rice to feed more hungry people.”可知，培育高产水稻是他解决粮食短缺的核心办法。故选B。 45．考查名词。句意：数次实验失败，但他不断尝试新的方法。A. excuses借口；B. chances机会；C. ways方法；D. risks风险。根据前文“Several experiments failed,”可知，实验受挫后，他不断更换新的研究思路与方法。 46．考查形容词。句意：他认为科学家面对各类挫折应当勇敢无畏。A. flexible灵活的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. brave勇敢的；D. generous慷慨的。根据前文“However, he stuck firmly to his dream and never gave up.”可知，他认为面对挫折要勇敢。 47．考查动词。句意：无论旁人如何质疑他的研究，他都不会犹豫退缩。A. hesitate犹豫；B. satisfy使满意；C. shoot射击；D. press按压。hesitate与后文retreat并列，指面对质疑绝不迟疑后退。 48．考查形容词。句意：一场大洪水曾毁掉他的秧苗，他没有感到绝望，反而振作起来重新开展研究。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. hopeless绝望的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“he cheered up”可知，作物全部被毁本是巨大打击，但他没有陷入绝望。 49．考查名词。句意：他凭借持久的耐心继续坚持研究。A. balance平衡；B. response回应；C. effect影响；D. patience耐心。根据前文“restarted his work.”可知，科研漫长且屡次受挫，需要长久耐心坚持。 50．考查动词。句意：除此之外，他甚至自掏腰包资助青年科研人员，并且十分看重团队协作。A. saved储蓄；B. wasted浪费；C. earned赚取；D. donated捐赠，捐献。根据后文“his own money to support young researchers”可知，拿出自己的钱支持后辈，属于无偿捐助。 51．考查动词过去分词。句意：因为巨大贡献，袁隆平深受国内外人民敬重。A. blamed责备；B. respected尊敬；C. attacked攻击；D. ignored忽视。根据前文“For his great contributions”可知，解决粮食难题，造福无数人，因此广受敬重。 52．考查名词。句意：他的故事带给我们珍贵启示：一旦树立清晰的人生目标，我们就能获得前行的力量。A. account账户；B. cure疗法；C. goal目标；D. secret秘密。根据后文“we can gain strength to move forward.”可知，有人生目标才能前行。故选C。 53．考查形容词。句意：身处困境时他从未心生畏惧，一生都保持积极心态。A. calm冷静的；B. frank坦率的；C. ready准备好的；D. afraid畏惧的。根据前文“never gave up.”可知，重重困难面前他从未害怕退缩。 54．考查形容词。句意：身处困境时他从未心生畏惧，一生都保持积极心态。A. positive积极的；B. negative消极的；C. strange陌生的；D. careful细心的。根据前文“However, he stuck firmly to his dream and never gave up.”可知，失败、灾害都没能打倒他，始终乐观积极。 55．考查动词。句意：他的精神将永远激励青少年追逐梦想、报效祖国。A. replace取代；B. inspire激励；C. remove移除；D. copy复制。根据后文“teenagers to pursue dreams and serve our country.”可知，伟人的事迹与精神鼓舞年轻人奋勇向前。 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The pressure at 10,000 meters underwater 56 (reach) nearly 1,100 kilograms per square centimeter. At such a depth, even 57 tiniest mistake can put both the equipment and people in life-threatening danger. Aware of the risk, Zhou Hao, the 46-year-old chief technician of the Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, does his work with extreme strictness, 58 (make) equipment parts with precision down to 0.003 millimeters — about one-thirtieth the width of a human hair. Beyond that strictness, however, lies an equally remarkable 59 (commit) to his work: during a shipboard mission, he threw up 60 (violent) but when the equipment failed, he pulled himself together and fixed the problem. Over the past decade, in addition to solving 366 technical challenges, Zhou 61 (lead) 316 upgrades for sea trials, helping China’s domestically built submarines achieve multiple national and international 62 (first). Zhou is currently training the next generation. Among his four apprentices (学徒), one is a senior technician, two are mid-level technicians, 63 the last one is an advanced-level trainee. Zhou makes it his duty to equip them 64 the knowledge of the nation’s deep-sea technology. As China pushes 65 (it) deep-sea ambitions, Zhou believes craftsmanship will determine how far the country can go. He said, “There is no road in the deep sea. We don’t need to follow — we are the path.” 【答案】 56．reaches 57．the 58．making 59．commitment 60．violently 61．has led 62．firsts 63．and 64．with 65．its 【导语】本文主要讲述深海科研首席技师周皓秉持严谨工匠精神，攻克多项深海技术难题、培养后备人才，助力中国深海事业发展的故事。 【详解】56．考查一般现在时、主谓一致。句意：水下一万米处的压力达到每平方厘米近1100千克。本句客观陈述深海万米处的压力数值，用一般现在时；主语The pressure为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。 57．考查冠词。句意：在这样的深度，即便是最微小的失误也会让设备和人员陷入致命危险。空后tiniest为形容词最高级，形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：深知这份风险，46岁的深海科学与工程研究所首席技师周皓以极致的严谨开展工作，将设备零件的精度做到0.003毫米——约为人类发丝直径的三十分之一。句中已有谓语动词does，此处为非谓语动词；此处表示主语严谨工作带来的自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式。 59．考查名词。句意：然而，在这份严谨之外，是他对工作同样非凡的投入：在一次海上任务中，他剧烈呕吐，但当设备出现故障时，他振作起来解决了问题。空前形容词remarkable修饰名词，此处需填入名词作主语，commit的名词形式为commitment，意为“投入、奉献”。 60．考查副词。句意：然而，在这份严谨之外，是他对工作同样非凡的投入：在一次海上任务中，他剧烈呕吐，但当设备出现故障时，他振作起来解决了问题。此处修饰动词短语threw up，修饰动词需用副词形式，violent的副词为violently，意为“剧烈地”。 61．考查时态。句意：在过去的十年里，周皓除攻克366项技术难题外，还主导完成316次海试升级，助力中国国产潜艇实现多项国内外首创。根据时间状语Over the past decade（在过去十年里）可知，句子需用现在完成时；主语Zhou为第三人称单数，谓语has led。 62．考查名词复数。句意：在过去的十年里，周皓除攻克366项技术难题外，还主导完成316次海试升级，助力中国国产潜艇实现多项国内外首创。first此处作名词，意为“首创的成就、先例”，为可数名词；空前multiple（多项的）修饰可数名词复数。 63．考查连词。句意：他的四名学徒中，一人为高级技师，两人为中级技师，最后一人为高级实习生。前后四个分句为并列列举关系，需用并列连词and连接。 64．考查固定搭配。句意：周皓把向他们传授本国深海技术相关知识当作自己的责任。固定搭配equip sb. with sth.，意为“使某人具备某物；向某人传授某物”。 65．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：随着中国推进其深海发展愿景，周皓认为工匠精神将决定国家能走多远。空后为名词deep-sea ambitions，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，it的形容词性物主代词为its，意为“它的”。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你校英文报正举办主题为“工匠精神”的征文活动，请以“A Role Model with the Spirit of Craftsmanship”为题，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 人物事迹； 2. 获得的启示。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A Role Model with the Spirit of Craftsmanship __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文一： A Role Model with the Spirit of Craftsmanship Craftsmanship embodies dedication, perseverance and pursuit of perfection. It is this noble spirit that fueled Yuan Longping’s lifelong exploration and extraordinary achievements. Yuan Longping devoted his entire life to hybrid rice research. He weathered harsh field conditions and numerous setbacks throughout his career. Never stopping innovating, he strived to boost rice yields tremendously through trial and error, effectively relieving global hunger and benefiting billions of people. His lifelong persistence strikes a deep chord with me. In all aspects of life, only by staying down-to-earth, focused and persistent can we overcome obstacles and fulfill our personal value with steady efforts. 参考范文二： A Role Model with the Spirit of Craftsmanship Craftsmanship refers to wholehearted devotion, tireless exploration and persistent self-improvement in one’s professional field. Tu Youyou perfectly interprets this invaluable spiritual quality. Over decades of painstaking efforts, Tu Youyou immersed herself in traditional Chinese medicine research. She studied ancient texts and tirelessly tested hundreds of herb extracts. Despite successive experimental failures, she finally discovered artemisinin, a breakthrough in medicine that has rescued countless malaria patients worldwide. Her deeds deliver a profound lesson: no lasting success comes easily. It is consistent dedication and undefeatable spirit that enable us to make progress and grow into better versions of ourselves. 【导语】题目要求学生参与校英文报举办的主题为“工匠精神”的征文活动，在投稿短文中详细描述人物事迹，并分享从该人物身上获得的启示（详解基于第二篇范文）。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 持续的：persistent → steady 宝贵的：invaluable → precious 不知疲倦地：tirelessly → vigorously 取得进步：make progress → make advances 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Her deeds deliver a profound lesson: no lasting success comes easily. 拓展句：Her deeds deliver a profound lesson that no lasting success comes easily. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Despite successive experimental failures, she finally discovered artemisinin, a breakthrough in medicine that has rescued countless malaria patients worldwide. (运用了that引导限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] It is consistent dedication and undefeatable spirit that enable us to make progress and grow into better versions of ourselves. (运用了强调句型it is… that…) 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料：根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 After graduating from university, I began working as a programmer in a small software company. I loved coding (编码) and always hoped to design a cool app with complex functions to show my talent and ability. However, no idea had truly satisfied me. One Friday afternoon, after a long day at work, I suddenly wanted to visit my grandma. She lived alone in a small, sunny apartment. Grandma was cheerful and independent. She loved looking after her plants, drinking tea with her old friends and going to the book club every week. “Growing old doesn’t make me helpless,” she often said, lifting her chin (下巴) slightly. “I’m fully capable of handling things on my own.” But in recent months, I had noticed some small changes. She sometimes forgot where she had put her glasses. Once, she watered the same flower pot twice. Another time, she wrote a shopping list carefully, but later could not find it anywhere. When I arrived at Grandma’s apartment that Friday afternoon, Grandma was sitting beside her phone with a worried look. “Molly, dear,” she said, trying to smile, “Mrs. Green just called. I was supposed to meet her for tea this afternoon, but I completely forgot.” “It’s all right, Grandma,” I said gently. She let out an awkward little laugh, her face burning slightly. On the table lay a small notebook. In it, she had written reminders: take medicine, water the flowers, meet Mrs. Green for tea, book club on Friday… Some words were crossed out twice, while others were circled heavily. “I can still manage,” Grandma said, as if reading my thoughts. Then she gave a soft sigh (叹气). “But sometimes I do wish something could remind me gently. Not loudly, not like an order — just like a friend.” Her words stayed with me. Looking at her notebook, I suddenly felt that the app I had been looking for might be right here. “Give me some time, Grandma,” I said with a smile. “I’ll bring you a little surprise.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Back home, I sat before my computer, no longer thinking about a cool app. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next Friday, I brought the finished app to Grandma’s apartment. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】【参考范文】 Back home, I sat before my computer, no longer thinking about a cool app. Grandma’s words ‌“just like a friend” kept echoing in my mind. I began designing something simple and warm — big fonts, gentle tones and a few clear buttons. I chose a lovely child’s voice for the reminder alerts. The app could record daily plans and remind users softly. Every night I tested and adjusted the code repeatedly. When the sweet voice ‌“Time for tea with Mrs. Green” finally rang out, I smiled. I knew this was the perfect surprise for Grandma. The next Friday, I brought the finished app to Grandma’s apartment. Surprised yet doubtful, she set a reminder for watering flowers with my help. Minutes later, a soft alert sounded, ‌“Grandma, your flowers may be thirsty.” Her eyes lit up. ‌“How lovely!” she laughed. From then on, Grandma never missed appointments again. Seeing her confident smile, I realized technology’s true value — serving ordinary people with warmth. 【导语】本文以程序员Molly为祖母设计APP为线索展开，讲述了Molly看到祖母因记忆力减退而烦恼后，放弃设计酷炫APP的想法，转而开发一款温暖贴心的提醒软件。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句可知，第一段可描写Molly回家后开始设计APP的过程，重点突出简洁、温暖的设计理念，以及测试成功时的喜悦。 ②由第二段首句可知，第二段可描写Molly将APP带给祖母试用，祖母从怀疑到惊喜的反应，以及APP给祖母生活带来的积极变化。 2. 续写线索：回家设计——反复测试——带去试用——祖母惊喜——生活改善——感悟科技价值 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①选择：choose/select ②意识到：realize/be aware of 情绪类 ①惊讶的：surprised/amazed ②怀疑的：doubtful/suspicious 【点睛】[高分句型1] When the sweet voice ‌“Time for tea with Mrs. Green” finally rang out, I smiled. (运用了when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Seeing her confident smile, I realized technology’s true value — serving ordinary people with warmth. (运用了现在分词seeing作状语) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第二册单元自测卷（广东专用） Unit 1 Science and Scientists·培优卷 学校：___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：120分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Many inventors have left their marks on history in their own ways. Although there are inventors who you might not know, that doesn’t mean their contributions to science are less significant. Keep reading to learn about some famous inventors. John Deere John Deere is best known for being an inventor in the agricultural space. When the blacksmith noticed he was often making the same repairs to wood and cast-iron plows used by farmers, he began experimenting with more durable plow designs, which he then sold to local farmers. His steel plows exploded in popularity among many farmers, with Deere’s company (also called John Deere) producing 1,600 plows in 1850. That same year, the company started producing other tools in addition to plows. Charles Babbage If you’re reading this on a computer, you have mathematician and inventor Charles Babbage to thank. Although he didn’t invent the computer as we know it today, his ideas laid the groundwork for modern computers. Because of this, he’s often referred to as “the father of computing”. Steve Jobs Along with Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs was an inventor behind Apple Computers. As the now-famous story goes, Jobs and Wozniak started Apple Computers in Jobs’ family’s garage in 1976, and the work they did there made computers more accessible and more affordable for consumers. Jobs left Apple in 1985, but he returned in 1997 and revitalized the company, leading to the creation of products like the iPod and iPhone. Joy Mangano If you’ve ever used a Miracle Mop, you have Joy Mangano to thank. The 67-year-old created the innovative cleaning tool in 1990, which she marketed and sold herself. A couple of years after inventing the device, she appeared on QVC to sell it, where more than 18,000 mops were sold within a half hour. In addition to the Miracle Mop, Mangano is the creator of Rolykit, Huggable Hangers, and Forever Fragrant. 21．What inspired John Deere to invent steel plows? A．His eagerness to earn money. B．His dream of becoming an inventor. C．The frequent repairs that he had to make. D．The high price of the wood and cast-iron plows. 22．Why do people refer to Charles Babbage as “the father of computing”? A．He invented the computer. B．He formed the basis for modern computers. C．He was a great mathematician and inventor. D．He was the person who first had the idea of reading on a computer. 23．Who made it easier for busy parents to keep the house clean? A．John Deere. B．Charles Babbage. C．Steve Jobs. D．Joy Mangano. B Arguably, the biggest science development of the year to date has been the images of the very depths of the universe taken by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).Those images beg a comparison between the external and internal universe: that science is bent on observing and understanding. Decades ago, astrophysicist Carl Sagan famously said, “The cosmos is also within us. We are made of star stuff. We are a way for the universe to know itself.” He was commenting then on the reality that our internal universe was as complex and as fantastic as the outer space. There are many similarities between the progress we’ve made in understanding the universe and in piecing together life’s inner workings. Like the technological developments that took us from Galileo’s telescope to the Hubble to the JWST, life science tools have also improved rapidly. From early light microscopes to modern super resolution ones, these developments have afforded researchers a deep look into biology’s infinitesimal (无限小的) landscape. Going beyond observing organisms, life scientists can now discover the workings of molecules (分子). And that is where scanning the universe differs from peering into biology Understanding the universe from a functional standpoint is not an immediate urgency understanding biology on that level is. Simply observing cells is not enough. Biologists must characterize how all those parts interact and change in different environments and when faced with challenges. Knowing how viruses gain entry into cells and spread can save lives. Through time, not only can life science tools produce images of cell components, but more importantly, they can help predict the effects of drugs on receptors, of immune cells on foreign invaders, and of genetic changes on development and aging. This is not to belittle the work of scientists researching into universe. They should rightly be praised for delivering views of impossibly distant, impossibly massive phenomena. My aim is to celebrate these accomplishments while at the same time recognizing that science’s inward search for detail and insight is equally impressive and, in my view, more urgent. The output of both the outward and inward explorations should stimulate wonder in everyone. 24．Why does the author quote Carl Sagan’s comment in Paragraph 2? A．To introduce the background. B．To prove an assumption. C．To make a comparison. D．To present an idea. 25．Like the study of the universe, life science has been advancing in ________. A．study approaches B．system management C．research facilities D．technology combination 26．We can infer from Paragraph 4 that biologists’ work is ________. A．practical B．interactive C．flexible D．complex 27．As for life science which would the author agree with? A．It has received universal recognition. B．It should enjoy priority in development. C．It can be applied in the majority of areas. D．It is more complicated than space science. C Large glass buildings enjoy an attractive appearance and are widely adopted in modern building design. But they suffer from an unavoidable problem. Too much sunlight passes through the glass, causing indoor temperatures to rise greatly during hot summers. To keep a comfortable indoor temperature, air-conditioning (空调) devices have to work continuously, consuming a lot of electric energy. Is it possible to create glass that can darken automatically(自动地) against strong sunlight, requiring no electric power at all? Scientists from Aarhus University in Denmark have successfully invented a kind of smart glass to achieve this eco-friendly effect. The invention relies on tiny silver structures called silver nanorings, which are fixed inside the glass. When strong sunlight meets these tiny rings, they respond by blocking unnecessary heat from passing through the glass. The stronger the sunlight becomes, the more heat it can block. Most surprisingly, the entire physical reaction continues naturally without using electricity. With this smart glass, modern buildings can cut down energy use effectively. The material keeps indoor spaces cool in a natural way, reducing the use of air conditioners. Meanwhile, decreased energy use contributes to fewer carbon emissions (排放), bringing huge environmental benefits. However, the new technology isn’t fully developed for the market yet. For one thing, the smart glass functions perfectly under specific weather conditions, and researchers are determined to help it better adapt to different climates. For another, producing the silver nanorings still requires high costs now. Even so, researchers keep positive and firmly believe that these difficulties will be overcome in the near future. If the technology is widely applied, smart glass will be popular in offices, living buildings and even vehicles, creating an energy-saving world with zero electricity waste for temperature control. 28．Why does the author mention air-conditioning devices? A．To offer guidance on using air-conditioning. B．To criticize people for wasting energy. C．To show the problem of large glass buildings. D．To compare different cooling methods. 29．How does smart glass work? A．It relies on huge structures. B．It darkens by using electricity. C．It turns sunlight into power. D．It keeps unwanted heat outdoors. 30．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A．Where smart glass can be applied. B．When smart glass works perfectly. C．Why smart glass isn’t ready for sale. D．What makes smart glass expensive. 31．Which best describes the researchers’ attitude towards the future of smart glass? A．Doubtful. B．Hopeful. C．Uncertain. D．Uninterested. D With global temperatures climbing and sea levels rising, extreme weather events are becoming an everyday reality. Getting informed in time to prepare for a disastrous hurricane or heat wave could be the disparity between life and death. Now AI can help. Two studies published in the journal Nature described the benefits of two AI models that could improve weather forecasting. The first AI-based system, developed by the Huawei Cloud team, is known as Pangu-Weather. It is capable of predicting global weather a week in advance. Before it came out, most countries relied on mathematical weather prediction models. What makes Pangu-Weather different is that the Pangu-Weather model is deeply trained with the help of 39-year global weather data, preparing it to forecast temperature, pressure, and wind speed. When compared to the mathematical weather prediction method, Pangu-Weather is 10,000 times faster and no less accurate. Pangu-Weather can predict weather patterns 5 to 7 days in advance. However, it can’t forecast precipitation (降水). As precipitation prediction is vital for extreme weather forecasting, a second Nature model, NowcastNet, fills this gap. It can accurately predict rainfall 6 hours ahead, helping meteorologists (气象学家) study weather patterns in real-time more effectively. NowcastNet focuses on detailed, realistic descriptions of extreme rainfall patterns. It uses radar observations from the US and China, as well as deep learning methods, to predict precipitation rates over a 1.6-million-square-mile region of the eastern and central US up to 3 hours in advance. 62 meteorologists from China tested NowcastNet and ranked it first, out of four other leading weather forecasting methods, in reliably predicting heavy rain. While generative AI models have good prospects in weather forecasting, experts point out that replacing existing systems has many challenges. However, in 5 to 10 years, these models may surprise us. 32．What does the underlined word “disparity” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Balance. B．Relationship. C．Difference. D．Comparison. 33．What’s special about Pangu-Weather? A．Theory-based. B．Human-operated. C．Data-driven. D．Cloud-powered. 34．What is an advantage of NowcastNet? A．It reduces radar errors on a large scale. B．It predicts downpours with high accuracy. C．It observes rain data from global countries. D．It tracks extreme weather 24 hours in advance. 35．What is the text mainly about? A．The impacts of climate change on extreme weather events. B．The introduction to high-tech weather-forecasting models. C．The explanation of new measures to protect the environment. D．The challenges in using generative AI in weather forecasting. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Artificial Intelligence (AI) has been one of the most revolutionary technologies in recent decades, and its future development holds even more astonishing prospects. One significant trend is the continuous expansion of AI applications. For instance, in the transportation sector, self-driving vehicles are expected to become more common and reliable. They will improve traffic efficiency. 36 . It’s expected that in the near future, self-driving cars will be a mainstream mode of transportation. In the field of healthcare, AI will play an increasingly crucial role. 37 . By analysing an individual’s genetic data, lifestyle, and medical history, AI systems can more accurately predict diseases and recommend tailored treatment plans. This will lead to more effective prevention and cures. Another trend is the improvement of AI’s cognitive (认知的) abilities. AI will be able to understand and generate natural language more skillfully. 38 . Therefore, it will promote global communication and cooperation. Virtual assistants will also become more intelligent and human-like. They are able to have in-depth and meaningful conversations with users, understanding their emotions and intentions better. 39 . Smart factories will emerge (出现). Here AI-powered robots and machines can work together efficiently. They can improve production processes, detect faults in real-time, and adjust production parameters (参数) automatically, leading to higher productivity and quality control. Obviously, the future of AI technology is filled with unlimited possibilities. 40 , bringing about greater convenience, efficiency and progress. A．It can be used for personalised medicine B．The cost of developing AI remains extremely high C．It will reshape various industries and aspects of our lives D．It can monitor patients’ vital signs continuously in hospitals E．They’ll also reduce the number of accidents caused by human errors F．There’s no doubt that AI will fuel innovation in industrial production G．This means cross-language translation will be highly accurate and fluent 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Yuan Longping devoted his whole life to rice research, aiming to solve the food shortage problem. When he came up with his creative idea years ago, many people doubted him. They thought his plan would fail and he might 41 those who believed in him. However, he stuck firmly to his dream and never gave up. At that time, lacking food was a serious social 42 nationwide. Yuan held a strong inner 43 to help ordinary people have enough to eat. He spent most of his time doing field research regardless of bad weather. His main 44 was to develop high-yield rice to feed more hungry people. His research was filled with difficulties. Several experiments failed, but he kept trying new 45 . He believed scientists should stay 46 when facing various setbacks (挫折). No matter how others questioned his work, he would never 47 and retreat (退缩). A heavy flood once destroyed his rice seedlings. Instead of feeling 48 , he cheered up and restarted his work. He continued with steady 49 . Besides, he even 50 his own money to support young researchers and valued teamwork greatly. Decades of efforts finally paid off. Hybrid rice increased grain output greatly and benefited numerous families. For his great contributions, Yuan was highly 51 by people at home and abroad. His story brings us valuable lessons. Once we set a clear life 52 , we can gain strength to move forward. He never felt 53 in hard times and always kept a 54 mind all his life. His spirit will always 55 teenagers to pursue dreams and serve our country. 41．A．let down B．cheer up C．look after D．turn to 42．A．disease B．choice C．accident D．problem 43．A．desire B．doubt C．fear D．warning 44．A．concern B．strategy C．memory D．mistake 45．A．excuses B．chances C．ways D．risks 46．A．flexible B．energetic C．brave D．generous 47．A．hesitate B．satisfy C．shoot D．press 48．A．ashamed B．hopeless C．surprised D．curious 49．A．balance B．response C．effect D．patience 50．A．saved B．wasted C．earned D．donated 51．A．blamed B．respected C．attacked D．ignored 52．A．account B．cure C．goal D．secret 53．A．calm B．frank C．ready D．afraid 54．A．positive B．negative C．strange D．careful 55．A．replace B．inspire C．remove D．copy 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The pressure at 10,000 meters underwater 56 (reach) nearly 1,100 kilograms per square centimeter. At such a depth, even 57 tiniest mistake can put both the equipment and people in life-threatening danger. Aware of the risk, Zhou Hao, the 46-year-old chief technician of the Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, does his work with extreme strictness, 58 (make) equipment parts with precision down to 0.003 millimeters — about one-thirtieth the width of a human hair. Beyond that strictness, however, lies an equally remarkable 59 (commit) to his work: during a shipboard mission, he threw up 60 (violent) but when the equipment failed, he pulled himself together and fixed the problem. Over the past decade, in addition to solving 366 technical challenges, Zhou 61 (lead) 316 upgrades for sea trials, helping China’s domestically built submarines achieve multiple national and international 62 (first). Zhou is currently training the next generation. Among his four apprentices (学徒), one is a senior technician, two are mid-level technicians, 63 the last one is an advanced-level trainee. Zhou makes it his duty to equip them 64 the knowledge of the nation’s deep-sea technology. As China pushes 65 (it) deep-sea ambitions, Zhou believes craftsmanship will determine how far the country can go. He said, “There is no road in the deep sea. We don’t need to follow — we are the path.” 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你校英文报正举办主题为“工匠精神”的征文活动，请以“A Role Model with the Spirit of Craftsmanship”为题，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 人物事迹； 2. 获得的启示。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可适当添加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A Role Model with the Spirit of Craftsmanship __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料：根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 After graduating from university, I began working as a programmer in a small software company. I loved coding (编码) and always hoped to design a cool app with complex functions to show my talent and ability. However, no idea had truly satisfied me. One Friday afternoon, after a long day at work, I suddenly wanted to visit my grandma. She lived alone in a small, sunny apartment. Grandma was cheerful and independent. She loved looking after her plants, drinking tea with her old friends and going to the book club every week. “Growing old doesn’t make me helpless,” she often said, lifting her chin (下巴) slightly. “I’m fully capable of handling things on my own.” But in recent months, I had noticed some small changes. She sometimes forgot where she had put her glasses. Once, she watered the same flower pot twice. Another time, she wrote a shopping list carefully, but later could not find it anywhere. When I arrived at Grandma’s apartment that Friday afternoon, Grandma was sitting beside her phone with a worried look. “Molly, dear,” she said, trying to smile, “Mrs. Green just called. I was supposed to meet her for tea this afternoon, but I completely forgot.” “It’s all right, Grandma,” I said gently. She let out an awkward little laugh, her face burning slightly. On the table lay a small notebook. In it, she had written reminders: take medicine, water the flowers, meet Mrs. Green for tea, book club on Friday… Some words were crossed out twice, while others were circled heavily. “I can still manage,” Grandma said, as if reading my thoughts. Then she gave a soft sigh (叹气). “But sometimes I do wish something could remind me gently. Not loudly, not like an order — just like a friend.” Her words stayed with me. Looking at her notebook, I suddenly felt that the app I had been looking for might be right here. “Give me some time, Grandma,” I said with a smile. “I’ll bring you a little surprise.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Back home, I sat before my computer, no longer thinking about a cool app. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next Friday, I brought the finished app to Grandma’s apartment. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $