Unit 4语法专练 2026-2027学年译林版九年级英语上册
2026-07-21
|
9页
|
829人阅读
|
2人下载
摘要:
**基本信息**
该专项以“定义-构成-转换-用法-注意事项”构建一般现在时被动语态完整方法体系,通过分层习题实现知识逻辑与解题能力的系统衔接,提升语言运用与思维分析能力。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|语法精讲|5大模块(含核心公式等)|核心公式“am/is/are+过去分词”、主动被动转换三步法、4大用法场景、4项注意事项|从概念定义到构成规则,再到转换应用,结合易错点辨析,形成“概念-规则-应用-纠错”闭环|
|习题|选择填空10题、适当形式填空10题、主动改被动6题、单句改错6题|依据语法规则分层设题,覆盖构成、转换、用法及易错点|题型对应知识模块,从基础识别到综合运用,逐步深化对被动语态逻辑的理解|
内容正文:
九上沪教五四Unit 4语法专练
Unit 4: Present Simple Passive(一般现在时的被动语态)
一、语法精讲
(一)什么是被动语态?
被动语态(Passive Voice)表示主语是动作的承受者,而不是动作的执行者。在被动语态中,动作的执行者往往不重要或不明确,我们更关注的是动作本身及其对主语产生的影响。
核心公式:主语 + be动词 + 过去分词(+ by + 动作执行者)
(二)一般现在时被动语态的构成
一般现在时被动语态的构成是"am/is/are + 过去分词"。
肯定式:am/is/are + 过去分词
例句一,Folk songs are sung to tell stories of the past. 民歌被用来讲述过去的故事。主语 Folk songs 是复数,用 are。
例句二,The classroom is cleaned every day. 教室每天都被打扫。主语 The classroom 是单数,用 is。
例句三,I am often asked to help with the housework. 我经常被要求帮忙做家务。主语 I 用 am。
否定式:am/is/are + not + 过去分词
例句一,Traditional games are not forgotten. 传统游戏没有被忘记。
例句二,The flowers are not watered every day. 花不是每天都浇水。
疑问式:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词
例句一,Is traditional clothing worn for special events? 传统服装在特殊场合穿吗?
例句二,Are these books kept in the library? 这些书保存在图书馆吗?
(三)被动语态与主动语态的转换
主动语态转换为被动语态需要三个步骤。
步骤一:将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语。
步骤二:将主动句的谓语动词改为"be + 过去分词"形式。
步骤三:将主动句的主语变为被动句中介词 by 的宾语(如果不重要可以省略)。
例如,People sing folk songs.(主动)→ Folk songs are sung by people.(被动)。People 执行者变为 by people,如果 people 不重要也可以省略,直接说 Folk songs are sung。
(四)一般现在时被动语态的用法
用法一:表示经常性或习惯性的被动动作
当动作是日常习惯或常规时,用一般现在时被动语态。
例句一,Rice is grown in the south of China. 中国南方种植水稻。
例句二,The post is delivered every morning. 邮件每天早晨投递。
用法二:表示客观事实或普遍真理
当描述客观存在的事实或科学真理时,用一般现在时被动语态。
例句一,English is spoken all over the world. 全世界都说英语。
例句二,Paper is made from wood. 纸是由木材制成的。
用法三:表示当前存在的状态
当强调主语目前所处的被动状态时,用一般现在时被动语态。
例句一,The museum is closed on Mondays. 博物馆周一闭馆。
例句二,The room is kept clean at all times. 房间一直保持干净。
用法四:当动作执行者不明或不重要时
当不知道谁做了某事,或者谁做的不重要时,用被动语态。
例句一,My bike is stolen.(我不知道谁偷的)我的自行车被偷了。
例句二,The food is cooked in a traditional way.(谁做的不重要)食物以传统方式烹制。
(五)使用被动语态的注意事项
注意事项一:只有及物动词才有被动语态
不及物动词(如 happen、sleep、arrive、die)没有宾语,不能用于被动语态。
错误用法:The accident was happened yesterday.
正确用法:The accident happened yesterday.
注意事项二:be 动词必须与主语保持数的一致
主语是单数用 is,主语是复数用 are,主语是第一人称 I 用 am。
例句一,The book is written by him. 书是他写的。
例句二,The books are written by him. 这些书是他写的。
注意事项三:时间状语通常与一般现在时被动语态连用
常用时间状语:every day、usually、always、often、sometimes、never、once a week 等。
例句一,This room is cleaned every day. 这个房间每天打扫。
例句二,Such mistakes are never made by him. 他从不犯这样的错误。
注意事项四:感官动词和连系动词不用被动语态
感官动词(look、sound、feel、taste、smell)和连系动词(be、seem、appear)描述的是主语自身的特征,不是被动动作,不用被动语态。
错误用法:The soup is tasted delicious.
正确用法:The soup tastes delicious.
二、习题
一、选择填空
1. Chinese ______ by more and more people around the world.
A. speaks B. is spoken C. spoke D. was spoken
1. These beautiful kites ______ in our school every year.
A. make B. are made C. made D. were made
1. Breakfast ______ at 7:00 every morning in the hotel.
A. serves B. is serving C. is served D. served
1. The books in the library ______ very carefully.
A. are kept B. keep C. is kept D. kept
1. ______ the flowers ______ every day?
A. Do...water B. Are...watered C. Are...watering D. Were...watered
1. Traditional Chinese medicine ______ by many people today.
A. uses B. is used C. used D. was used
1. The classroom ______ by the students every Friday.
A. cleans B. is cleaned C. cleaned D. was cleaned
1. Tea ______ in many parts of China.
A. grows B. is grown C. grow D. are grown
1. These songs ______ as part of our cultural heritage.
A. are seen B. see C. saw D. is seen
1. ______ these postcards ______ to your friends every year?
A. Are...sent B. Do...send C. Are...sending D. Were...sent
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空(注意被动语态)
1. The flowers __________ (water) by the gardener every morning.
2. English __________ (speak) as a second language in many countries.
3. These delicious cakes __________ (make) by my grandmother every Sunday.
4. The meeting __________ (hold) in the school hall every month.
5. The children __________ (take) good care of by their teachers at school.
6. The Olympic Games __________ (hold) every four years.
7. Rice __________ (grow) in the southern part of China.
8. The rules __________ (explain) clearly at the beginning of each class.
9. This kind of machine __________ (use) for cutting wood.
10. The rubbish __________ (collect) every Wednesday morning.
三、将下列主动语态改为被动语态
1. People plant trees on Tree-planting Day.
---
2. The students clean the classroom every day.
---
3. My mother makes delicious cakes for us.
---
4. We don't use plastic bags in this supermarket.
---
5. Do they hold the festival every year?
---
6. People speak English in many countries.
---
四、单句改错
1. The book is readed by millions of children.
---
2. The meeting is held in the library every week.
---
3. The dinner is served at 6:00 pm every day.
---
4. The flowers are watered by my father.
---
5. The new computer is use by the teachers.
---
6. The accident is happened in this street every year.
---
三、答案解析
选择填空解析
第1题 答案:B
解析:Chinese 是"汉语",被越来越多的人"说",应用被动语态。主语 Chinese 是单数,用 is spoken。A 是主动,C 是过去式主动,D 是过去式被动,时态不对。
第2题 答案:B
解析:kites 被制作,应用被动语态。主语 These beautiful kites 是复数,时态为一般现在时(every year),用 are made。A 是主动,C 是过去式主动,D 是过去式被动。
第3题 答案:C
解析:Breakfast 被提供,应用被动语态。主语 Breakfast 是单数,时态为一般现在时(every morning),用 is served。A 是主动,B 是进行时主动,D 是过去式主动。
第4题 答案:A
解析:The books 被保存,应用被动语态。主语 The books 是复数,用 are kept。B 是主动,C 单复数不匹配,D 是过去式被动。
第5题 答案:B
解析:the flowers 被浇水,应用被动语态的疑问式。主语 the flowers 是复数,用 Are...watered。A 是主动疑问,C 是进行时疑问,D 是过去式被动。
第6题 答案:B
解析:Traditional Chinese medicine 被使用,应用被动语态。主语是单数,时态为一般现在时(today),用 is used。A 是主动,C 是过去式主动,D 是过去式被动。
第7题 答案:B
解析:The classroom 被打扫,应用被动语态。主语是单数,时态为一般现在时(every Friday),用 is cleaned。A 是主动,C 是过去式主动,D 是过去式被动。
第8题 答案:B
解析:Tea 被种植,应用被动语态。主语 Tea 是单数,用 is grown。A 是主动,C 是主动,D 单复数不匹配。
第9题 答案:A
解析:These songs 被看作文化遗产,应用被动语态。主语 These songs 是复数,用 are seen。B 是主动,C 是过去式,D 单复数不匹配。
第10题 答案:A
解析:these postcards 被寄送,应用被动语态的疑问式。主语 these postcards 是复数,用 Are...sent。B 是主动疑问,C 是进行时疑问,D 是过去式被动。
填空解析
第1题 答案:are watered
解析:The flowers 是复数,被浇水,用被动语态,一般现在时,填 are watered。
第2题 答案:is spoken
解析:English 是单数,被说,用被动语态,一般现在时,填 is spoken。
第3题 答案:are made
解析:These delicious cakes 是复数,被制作,用被动语态,一般现在时,填 are made。
第4题 答案:is held
解析:The meeting 是单数,被举办,用被动语态,一般现在时,填 is held。
第5题 答案:are taken
解析:The children 是复数,被照顾,用被动语态,一般现在时,填 are taken。take care of 变为被动是 be taken care of。
第6题 答案:are held
解析:The Olympic Games 是复数,被举办,用被动语态,一般现在时,填 are held。
第7题 答案:is grown
解析:Rice 是不可数名词,作主语时视为单数,被种植,用被动语态,一般现在时,填 is grown。
第8题 答案:are explained
解析:The rules 是复数,被解释,用被动语态,一般现在时,填 are explained。
第9题 答案:is used
解析:This kind of machine 是单数,被使用,用被动语态,一般现在时,填 is used。
第10题 答案:is collected
解析:The rubbish 是不可数名词,视为单数,被收集,用被动语态,一般现在时,填 is collected。
改主动为被动解析
第1题 答案:Trees are planted on Tree-planting Day.
解析:主动句宾语 Trees 变为被动句主语,plant 变为 are planted,People 是施动者,不重要,省略。
第2题 答案:The classroom is cleaned by the students every day.
解析:宾语 The classroom 变为主语(单数),cleans 变为 is cleaned,主语 The students 变为 by the students。
第3题 答案:Delicious cakes are made for us by my mother.
解析:宾语 delicious cakes 变为主语(复数),makes 变为 are made,my mother 变为 by my mother。
第4题 答案:Plastic bags are not used in this supermarket.
解析:宾语 plastic bags 变为主语(复数),don't use 变为 are not used,主语 We 省略。
第5题 答案:Is the festival held every year?
解析:宾语 the festival 变为主语(单数),Do they hold 变为 Is...held,主语 they 省略。
第6题 答案:English is spoken in many countries.
解析:宾语 English 变为主语(单数),speak 变为 is spoken,People 省略。
改错解析
第1题 答案:readed → read
解析:read 的过去分词是 read(读音为/red/),不是 readed。
第2题 答案:held → held(本句无错误)
解析:此句正确。如果改为 is held in the library 或 is held every week 都可能,但原句完整正确。
第3题 答案:is served(无错误)
解析:该句正确。dinner 视作单数,被提供,用 is served。
第4题 答案:are watered(无错误)
解析:该句正确。flowers 复数,被浇水,用 are watered。
第5题 答案:use → used
解析:被动语态中 be 动词后面必须接过去分词,use 的过去分词是 used。
第6题 答案:is happened → happens
解析:happen 是不及物动词,没有被动语态。应改为主动语态 The accident happens in this street every year.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
相关资源
示范课
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。