2026-2027学年人教版八年级英语上册同步语法讲解(感叹句)-(人教版)

2026-07-21
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摘要:

该初中英语感叹句知识清单系统梳理了感叹句语法要点,涵盖含义、两种基本结构、核心区别、使用注意事项及记忆口诀,构建了从语法规则理解到分层练习应用的递进式学习支架。 清单采用“结构对比+分层精练”设计,通过表格清晰呈现What与How的核心区别,标注中考高频考点如“a/an的选择”,并配套“看到名词用What,看到形副用How”的记忆口诀,培养学生语言能力与学习能力。分层练习题含基础、提升及中考真题,助力不同水平学生高效掌握,教师可直接用于课堂教学与分层辅导。

内容正文:

感叹句 (语法讲解+分层精练) 目 录 一、含义 1 二、感叹句的两种基本结构 1 1. What 引导的感叹句(强调名词) 1 2. How 引导的感叹句(强调形容词/副词/动词) 2 三、What 与 How 的核心区别 2 四、使用注意事项 2 1. 口语中常省略主语和谓语 2 2. a/an 的选择(中考高频考点) 2 3. 表数量的 few/little/many/much 前用 How 2 4. What 与 How 的互换 2 五、记忆口诀 2 六、中考分层练习题(30题) 3 基础篇(第1-10题) 3 提升篇(第11-20题) 3 中考真题篇(第21-30题) 4 一、含义 感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)是用来表达说话人喜、怒、哀、乐、惊讶、赞美等强烈感情的句子。句末用感叹号“!”,朗读时用降调。 感叹句一般由 what 或 how 引导,是中考必考语法点之一。 二、感叹句的两种基本结构 1. What 引导的感叹句(强调名词) what 修饰名词,名词前可带形容词或冠词。 结构 例句 What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语)! What a delicious meal it is! What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语)! What beautiful flowers these are! What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语)! What fine weather it is today! 2. How 引导的感叹句(强调形容词/副词/动词) how 修饰形容词、副词或整个句子。 结构 例句 How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语! How delicious the meal is! How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语! How fast he runs! How + 主语 + 谓语! How time flies! 三、What 与 How 的核心区别 对比项 What How 强调对象 强调名词 强调形容词/副词/动词 判断技巧 去掉主谓后,剩余核心是名词→用 What 去掉主谓后,剩余核心是形容词/副词→用 How 典型结构 What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语 四、使用注意事项 1. 口语中常省略主语和谓语 · What a pity!(真遗憾!) · How wonderful!(太棒了!) 2. a/an 的选择(中考高频考点) what 引导的单数可数名词前,根据形容词的发音(而非拼写)选择 a 或 an。 · What a useful dictionary!(useful 以辅音音素 /juː/ 开头) · What an amazing smell!(amazing 以元音音素 /ə/ 开头) 3. 表数量的 few/little/many/much 前用 How · How little money I have!(√) · 比较:What a little box!(此处 little 表“小”,非数量) 4. What 与 How 的互换 强调同一事物时,两种结构可互换: · What a beautiful girl she is! = How beautiful the girl is! · What an interesting book! = How interesting the book is! 五、记忆口诀 看到名词用 What,看到形副用 How; 单数可数加 a/an,复数不可数不加; a/an 看发音不看拼写,主谓常常可省略。 六、中考分层练习题(30题) 📘 基础篇(第1-10题) 1. ______ a beautiful day it is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 2. ______ fast he runs! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 3. ______ interesting story she told us! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 4. ______ delicious the soup is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 5. ______ beautiful flowers they are! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 6. ______ bad weather it is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 7. ______ clever the boy is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 8. ______ useful advice you gave me! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 9. ______ wonderful news it is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 10. ______ hard they are working! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 📗 提升篇(第11-20题) 11. ______ honest boy he is! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 12. ______ exciting news! We are all happy. A. What B. How C. What an D. How an 13. —______ heavy snow! —Yes. Let’s make a snowman. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 14. ______ time flies! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 15. ______ nice day! Let’s go out for a walk. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 16. —______ do you like the new movie? —______ exciting it is! A. How; What B. What; How C. How; How D. What; What 17. ______ lovely weather we are having! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 18. ______ fast the car is running! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 19. What a beautiful park it is! = ______ beautiful the park is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 20. ______ unusual experience we had in the museum! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 📙 中考真题篇(第21-30题) 21.—We are going to the Sanxingdui Ruins. ______ we are! —Have a good time! A. What excited B. How excited C. How exciting 22.______ kind boy Mike is! He always helps his classmates with math. A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 23.______ beautiful the poem Mom Knows Best is! I want to read it to my mom. A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 24.______ meaningful day! We volunteered to clean up our city park. A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 25.—Our team won the first place. —______ exciting news it is! A. What B. How C. What an D. How an 26.—Li Lei won the first place. ______ good news it is! —Yes, we’re all happy for him. A. How B. What a C. What 27.—______ wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves! —I’m glad you had a good time. A. What B. How C. How a D. What a 28.______ amazing it is! The Shenzhou XVIII members raise fish for the first time in Tiangong space station. A. What B. How C. What an 29.______ good day! Why not take a walk along the sea? A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 30.—China won all the gold medals at the 2023 World Table Tennis Championships. —______ exciting news! A. What a B. How a C. How D. What 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 感叹句 (语法讲解+分层精练) 目 录 一、含义 1 二、感叹句的两种基本结构 1 1. What 引导的感叹句(强调名词) 1 2. How 引导的感叹句(强调形容词/副词/动词) 1 三、What 与 How 的核心区别 2 四、使用注意事项 2 1. 口语中常省略主语和谓语 2 2. a/an 的选择(中考高频考点) 2 3. 表数量的 few/little/many/much 前用 How 2 4. What 与 How 的互换 2 五、记忆口诀 2 六、中考分层练习题(30题) 2 基础篇(第1-10题) 2 提升篇(第11-20题) 4 中考真题篇(第21-30题) 5 一、含义 感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)是用来表达说话人喜、怒、哀、乐、惊讶、赞美等强烈感情的句子。句末用感叹号“!”,朗读时用降调。 感叹句一般由 what 或 how 引导,是中考必考语法点之一。 二、感叹句的两种基本结构 1. What 引导的感叹句(强调名词) what 修饰名词,名词前可带形容词或冠词。 结构 例句 What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语)! What a delicious meal it is! What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语)! What beautiful flowers these are! What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语)! What fine weather it is today! 2. How 引导的感叹句(强调形容词/副词/动词) how 修饰形容词、副词或整个句子。 结构 例句 How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语! How delicious the meal is! How + 副词 + 主语 + 谓语! How fast he runs! How + 主语 + 谓语! How time flies! 三、What 与 How 的核心区别 对比项 What How 强调对象 强调名词 强调形容词/副词/动词 判断技巧 去掉主谓后,剩余核心是名词→用 What 去掉主谓后,剩余核心是形容词/副词→用 How 典型结构 What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语 四、使用注意事项 1. 口语中常省略主语和谓语 · What a pity!(真遗憾!) · How wonderful!(太棒了!) 2. a/an 的选择(中考高频考点) what 引导的单数可数名词前,根据形容词的发音(而非拼写)选择 a 或 an。 · What a useful dictionary!(useful 以辅音音素 /juː/ 开头) · What an amazing smell!(amazing 以元音音素 /ə/ 开头) 3. 表数量的 few/little/many/much 前用 How · How little money I have!(√) · 比较:What a little box!(此处 little 表“小”,非数量) 4. What 与 How 的互换 强调同一事物时,两种结构可互换: · What a beautiful girl she is! = How beautiful the girl is! · What an interesting book! = How interesting the book is! 五、记忆口诀 看到名词用 What,看到形副用 How; 单数可数加 a/an,复数不可数不加; a/an 看发音不看拼写,主谓常常可省略。 六、中考分层练习题(30题) 📘 基础篇(第1-10题) 1. ______ a beautiful day it is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:A 解析:句中强调名词“day”,且 day 是可数名词单数,应填 What a。但选项中 What a 与 a beautiful day 中的 a 重复,此处 What a beautiful day 完整表达即为“多么美好的一天”。选 A(What a)。 2. ______ fast he runs! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:B 解析:句中强调副词“fast”,用 How 引导。How fast he runs!(他跑得多快啊!) 3. ______ interesting story she told us! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 答案:B 解析:强调名词“story”,单数可数名词,interesting 以元音音素开头,用 What an。 4. ______ delicious the soup is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:B 解析:强调形容词“delicious”,用 How。How delicious the soup is!(这汤多美味啊!) 5. ______ beautiful flowers they are! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:A 解析:强调复数名词“flowers”,用 What,不加 a/an。What beautiful flowers they are! 6. ______ bad weather it is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:A 解析:weather 是不可数名词,用 What,不加 a/an。What bad weather it is! 7. ______ clever the boy is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:B 解析:强调形容词“clever”,用 How。How clever the boy is! 8. ______ useful advice you gave me! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:A 解析:advice 是不可数名词,用 What,不加 a/an。注意 useful 虽是元音字母开头但发音以辅音 /juː/ 开头,但此处 advice 不可数,直接 What useful advice。 9. ______ wonderful news it is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:A 解析:news 是不可数名词,用 What,不加 a/an。 10. ______ hard they are working! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:B 解析:强调副词“hard”,用 How。How hard they are working! 📗 提升篇(第11-20题) 11. ______ honest boy he is! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 答案:B 解析:强调名词“boy”,单数可数名词,honest 以元音音素 /ɒ/ 开头(h 不发音),用 What an。 12. ______ exciting news! We are all happy. A. What B. How C. What an D. How an 答案:A 解析:news 是不可数名词,用 What,不加 a/an。注意不要被 exciting 迷惑选 What an。 13. —______ heavy snow! —Yes. Let’s make a snowman. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:C 解析:snow 通常不可数,但此处“一场大雪”作可数名词单数理解,用 What a。同类用法:What a heavy rain! 14. ______ time flies! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:B 解析:How time flies! 是固定用法,how 修饰整个句子。 15. ______ nice day! Let’s go out for a walk. A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:C 解析:强调名词“day”,单数可数名词,用 What a。day 前有 nice 修饰,但核心仍是名词。 16. —______ do you like the new movie? —______ exciting it is! A. How; What B. What; How C. How; How D. What; What 答案:C 解析:第一空问“你觉得怎么样”用 How;第二空强调形容词 exciting,用 How。 17. ______ lovely weather we are having! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:A 解析:weather 是不可数名词,用 What,不加 a/an。 18. ______ fast the car is running! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:B 解析:强调副词“fast”,用 How。 19. What a beautiful park it is! = ______ beautiful the park is! A. What B. How C. What a D. How a 答案:B 解析:同义句转换,强调形容词 beautiful,用 How。 20. ______ unusual experience we had in the museum! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 答案:B 解析:强调名词“experience”(可数名词单数,意为“一次经历”),unusual 以元音音素 /ʌ/ 开头,用 What an。 📙 中考真题篇(第21-30题) 21.—We are going to the Sanxingdui Ruins. ______ we are! —Have a good time! A. What excited B. How excited C. How exciting 答案:B 解析:句意“我们多兴奋啊!”强调形容词 excited(指人感到兴奋),用 How excited。exciting 指事物令人兴奋,此处主语是 we,应用 excited。 22.______ kind boy Mike is! He always helps his classmates with math. A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 答案:C 解析:强调名词“boy”,单数可数名词,kind 以辅音音素 /k/ 开头,用 What a。 23.______ beautiful the poem Mom Knows Best is! I want to read it to my mom. A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 答案:C 解析:强调形容词“beautiful”,用 How。How beautiful the poem is! 24.______ meaningful day! We volunteered to clean up our city park. A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 答案:C 解析:强调名词“day”,单数可数名词,meaningful 以辅音音素 /m/ 开头,用 What a。 25.—Our team won the first place. —______ exciting news it is! A. What B. How C. What an D. How an 答案:A 解析:news 是不可数名词,用 What,不加 a/an。 26.—Li Lei won the first place. ______ good news it is! —Yes, we’re all happy for him. A. How B. What a C. What 答案:C 解析:news 是不可数名词,用 What,不加 a/an。 27.—______ wonderful experience our family had in the Mogao Caves! —I’m glad you had a good time. A. What B. How C. How a D. What a 答案:D 解析:experience 此处作可数名词,意为“一次经历”,单数可数名词,wonderful 以辅音音素 /w/ 开头,用 What a。 28.______ amazing it is! The Shenzhou XVIII members raise fish for the first time in Tiangong space station. A. What B. How C. What an 答案:B 解析:强调形容词“amazing”,用 How。How amazing it is! 29.______ good day! Why not take a walk along the sea? A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 答案:B 解析:强调名词“day”,单数可数名词,用 What a。 30.—China won all the gold medals at the 2023 World Table Tennis Championships. —______ exciting news! A. What a B. How a C. How D. What 答案:D 解析:news 是不可数名词,用 What,不加 a/an。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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2026-2027学年人教版八年级英语上册同步语法讲解(感叹句)-(人教版)
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2026-2027学年人教版八年级英语上册同步语法讲解(感叹句)-(人教版)
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