内容正文:
形容词和副词的比较级
(语法讲解+分层精练)
目 录
一、含义 1
二、形容词比较级的构成规则 1
1. 规则变化 1
2. 不规则变化 2
三、副词比较级的构成规则 2
四、比较级的核心用法 2
1. 两者比较基本句型 2
2. 比较级前加程度副词修饰 3
3. “越来越……” 3
4. “越……,越……” 3
5. 两者中较……的一个 3
6. 特殊疑问句询问比较 3
7. 否定比较 3
五、同级比较(补充) 3
1. 肯定 3
2. 否定 3
六、记忆口诀 3
七、中考分层练习题(30题) 4
基础篇(第1-10题) 4
提升篇(第11-20题) 5
中考真题篇(第21-30题) 6
一、含义
比较级是形容词和副词的三种等级(原级、比较级、最高级)之一。比较级用于对两个人或事物的性质、特征或动作程度进行对比,突出一方比另一方更具某种特质或程度更高,通常表示“更……”或“……一些”。
· Tom is taller than Jim.(汤姆比吉姆高。)
· This book is more interesting than that one.(这本书比那本更有趣。)
· He runs faster than his brother.(他跑得比他哥哥快。)
二、形容词比较级的构成规则
1. 规则变化
情况
构成方式
原级 → 比较级
单音节词和少数双音节词
直接加 -er
tall→taller, fast→faster, long→longer
以不发音的 e 结尾
加 -r
nice→nicer, large→larger, late→later
以“辅音字母 + y”结尾
变 y 为 i,再加 -er
happy→happier, heavy→heavier, funny→funnier
重读闭音节(辅元辅结构)
双写尾字母,再加 -er
big→bigger, hot→hotter, thin→thinner
多音节词和部分双音节词
词前加 more
beautiful→more beautiful, outgoing→more outgoing
2. 不规则变化
原级
比较级
good / well
better
bad / ill / badly
worse
many / much
more
little
less
far
farther(距离)/ further(程度)
old
older(年龄)/ elder(辈分)
三、副词比较级的构成规则
情况
构成方式
原级 → 比较级
大多数单音节副词
直接加 -er
fast→faster, hard→harder, high→higher
以 -ly 结尾的副词
词前加 more
quickly→more quickly, carefully→more carefully
少数双音节副词
加 -er 或 more
early→earlier / more early
四、比较级的核心用法
1. 两者比较基本句型
A + 谓语动词 + 比较级 + than + B. 表示“A比B更……”
· 形容词:She is more outgoing than me.(她比我更外向。)
· 副词:He runs faster than his brother.(他跑得比他哥哥快。)
⚠️ 看到 than,即可确定前面使用比较级。
2. 比较级前加程度副词修饰
常用修饰语:much(……得多)、a lot(……得多)、a little(一点)、a bit(一点)、even(甚至)、far(……得多)等。
· This box is much heavier than that one.(这个箱子比那个重得多。)
· The blue dress is much longer than the white one.(蓝裙子比白裙子长得多。)
⚠️ 比较级不能用 very、so、too、quite 等修饰。
3. “越来越……”:比较级 + and + 比较级
· The weather is getting hotter and hotter.(天气越来越热了。)
· 多音节词用:more and more + 原级
· She became more and more confident.(她变得越来越自信了。)
4. “越……,越……”:The + 比较级,the + 比较级
· The more, the better.(越多越好。)
· The older he gets, the wiser he becomes.(他年纪越大,变得越智慧。)
5. 两者中较……的一个:the + 比较级 + of the two
· Jack is the smarter of the two.(杰克是两人中更聪明的一个。)
6. 特殊疑问句询问比较:Who/Which + 谓语 + 比较级,A or B?
· Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?(谁更瘦,珍妮还是玛丽?)
7. 否定比较:less + 原级 + than(不如……)
· She is less serious than her sister.(她不如她姐姐严肃。)
五、同级比较(补充)
1. 肯定:as + 原级 + as(和……一样)
· Helen is as tall as Amy.(海伦和艾米一样高。)
2. 否定:not as / so + 原级 + as(不如……)
· I am not as tall as my sister.(我不如我姐姐高。)
六、记忆口诀
两者相比用比较,than 字出现跑不了;
直接加 er 最常见,e 结尾只把 r 来添;
辅音加 y 变 i 加 er,重读闭音节双写尾;
多音节词前加 more,特殊变化要记牢;
much、even、a little 修饰放前面,very、so、too 不能要。
七、中考分层练习题(30题)
📘 基础篇(第1-10题)
1. My brother is ______ than me. He always makes me laugh.
A. funny B. funnier C. funniest D. more funny
2. This box is ______ than that one. I can’t carry it.
A. heavy B. heavier C. more heavy D. heaviest
3. She sings ______ than her sister.
A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. beautifully D. more beautifully
4. The weather is getting ______ and ______.
A. hot; hot B. hotter; hotter C. hottest; hottest D. more; more
5. Tom is ______ than any other student in his class.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. more tall
6. —Who runs ______, Bob or Sam? —Bob does.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fast
7. This book is ______ interesting than that one.
A. many B. much C. more D. most
8. She is ______ quieter than her brother.
A. very B. so C. too D. much
9. My sister is ______ than me.
A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. most outgoing D. outgoinger
10. ______ you eat, ______ you will be.
A. The more; the fatter B. More; fatter C. The much; the fat D. Much; fat
📗 提升篇(第11-20题)
11. This problem is ______ than that one.
A. much difficult B. more difficult C. difficulter D. most difficult
12. The harder you study, ______ grades you will get.
A. good B. better C. the better D. the best
13. She is ______ of the two sisters.
A. tall B. taller C. the taller D. tallest
14. I think math is ______ than English.
A. much more difficult B. more much difficult C. very more difficult D. so more difficult
15. He is ______ than his father.
A. very taller B. more taller C. much taller D. so taller
16. Tom writes ______ than Jim.
A. careful B. carefully C. more careful D. more carefully
17. The days are getting ______ in summer.
A. long and long B. longer and longer C. longest and longest D. more and more long
18. Which is ______, the sun or the moon?
A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest
19. This room is ______ than that one.
A. three times bigger B. three times as big C. bigger three times D. as three times big
20. She became ______ and ______ when she heard the good news.
A. happy; happy B. happier; happier C. happiest; happiest D. more; more
📙 中考真题篇(第21-30题)
21.But it only gets ______. I can hardly get any sleep in the night now.
A. good B. better C. bad D. worse
22.Journey to the West is one of ______ classic novels in China.
A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular
23.The more you practice, ______ you will speak English.
A. well B. better C. the better D. the best
24.She is ______ than her sister in dancing.
A. talent B. more talented C. most talented D. talented
25.The Yangtze River is ______ than the Yellow River.
A. long B. longer C. longest D. more long
26.My sister is two years ______ than me.
A. old B. older C. elder D. oldest
27.The service here is ______ than before. I don’t like it.
A. bad B. worse C. worst D. more bad
28.He did his homework ______ than his deskmate.
A. careful B. carefully C. more careful D. more carefully
29.The weather in Chengdu is ______ than that in Beijing in winter.
A. warm B. warmer C. warmest D. more warm
30.The ______ you start, the ______ you will finish.
A. early; soon B. earlier; sooner C. earliest; soonest D. more early; more soon
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形容词和副词的比较级
(语法讲解+分层精练)
目 录
一、含义 1
二、形容词比较级的构成规则 1
1. 规则变化 1
2. 不规则变化 2
三、副词比较级的构成规则 2
四、比较级的核心用法 2
1. 两者比较基本句型 2
2. 比较级前加程度副词修饰 3
3. “越来越……” 3
4. “越……,越……” 3
5. 两者中较……的一个 3
6. 特殊疑问句询问比较 3
7. 否定比较 3
五、同级比较(补充) 3
1. 肯定 3
2. 否定 3
六、记忆口诀 3
七、中考分层练习题(30题) 4
基础篇(第1-10题) 4
提升篇(第11-20题) 5
中考真题篇(第21-30题) 6
一、含义
比较级是形容词和副词的三种等级(原级、比较级、最高级)之一。比较级用于对两个人或事物的性质、特征或动作程度进行对比,突出一方比另一方更具某种特质或程度更高,通常表示“更……”或“……一些”。
· Tom is taller than Jim.(汤姆比吉姆高。)
· This book is more interesting than that one.(这本书比那本更有趣。)
· He runs faster than his brother.(他跑得比他哥哥快。)
二、形容词比较级的构成规则
1. 规则变化
情况
构成方式
原级 → 比较级
单音节词和少数双音节词
直接加 -er
tall→taller, fast→faster, long→longer
以不发音的 e 结尾
加 -r
nice→nicer, large→larger, late→later
以“辅音字母 + y”结尾
变 y 为 i,再加 -er
happy→happier, heavy→heavier, funny→funnier
重读闭音节(辅元辅结构)
双写尾字母,再加 -er
big→bigger, hot→hotter, thin→thinner
多音节词和部分双音节词
词前加 more
beautiful→more beautiful, outgoing→more outgoing
2. 不规则变化
原级
比较级
good / well
better
bad / ill / badly
worse
many / much
more
little
less
far
farther(距离)/ further(程度)
old
older(年龄)/ elder(辈分)
三、副词比较级的构成规则
情况
构成方式
原级 → 比较级
大多数单音节副词
直接加 -er
fast→faster, hard→harder, high→higher
以 -ly 结尾的副词
词前加 more
quickly→more quickly, carefully→more carefully
少数双音节副词
加 -er 或 more
early→earlier / more early
四、比较级的核心用法
1. 两者比较基本句型
A + 谓语动词 + 比较级 + than + B. 表示“A比B更……”
· 形容词:She is more outgoing than me.(她比我更外向。)
· 副词:He runs faster than his brother.(他跑得比他哥哥快。)
⚠️ 看到 than,即可确定前面使用比较级。
2. 比较级前加程度副词修饰
常用修饰语:much(……得多)、a lot(……得多)、a little(一点)、a bit(一点)、even(甚至)、far(……得多)等。
· This box is much heavier than that one.(这个箱子比那个重得多。)
· The blue dress is much longer than the white one.(蓝裙子比白裙子长得多。)
⚠️ 比较级不能用 very、so、too、quite 等修饰。
3. “越来越……”:比较级 + and + 比较级
· The weather is getting hotter and hotter.(天气越来越热了。)
· 多音节词用:more and more + 原级
· She became more and more confident.(她变得越来越自信了。)
4. “越……,越……”:The + 比较级,the + 比较级
· The more, the better.(越多越好。)
· The older he gets, the wiser he becomes.(他年纪越大,变得越智慧。)
5. 两者中较……的一个:the + 比较级 + of the two
· Jack is the smarter of the two.(杰克是两人中更聪明的一个。)
6. 特殊疑问句询问比较:Who/Which + 谓语 + 比较级,A or B?
· Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?(谁更瘦,珍妮还是玛丽?)
7. 否定比较:less + 原级 + than(不如……)
· She is less serious than her sister.(她不如她姐姐严肃。)
五、同级比较(补充)
1. 肯定:as + 原级 + as(和……一样)
· Helen is as tall as Amy.(海伦和艾米一样高。)
2. 否定:not as / so + 原级 + as(不如……)
· I am not as tall as my sister.(我不如我姐姐高。)
六、记忆口诀
两者相比用比较,than 字出现跑不了;
直接加 er 最常见,e 结尾只把 r 来添;
辅音加 y 变 i 加 er,重读闭音节双写尾;
多音节词前加 more,特殊变化要记牢;
much、even、a little 修饰放前面,very、so、too 不能要。
七、中考分层练习题(30题)
📘 基础篇(第1-10题)
1. My brother is ______ than me. He always makes me laugh.
A. funny B. funnier C. funniest D. more funny
答案:B
解析:句中有 than,应用比较级。funny 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾,变 y 为 i 再加 -er,funnier。
2. This box is ______ than that one. I can’t carry it.
A. heavy B. heavier C. more heavy D. heaviest
答案:B
解析:than 提示用比较级。heavy 变 y 为 i 加 -er → heavier。
3. She sings ______ than her sister.
A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. beautifully D. more beautifully
答案:D
解析:修饰动词 sings 用副词。beautifully 是多音节副词,比较级前加 more。
4. The weather is getting ______ and ______.
A. hot; hot B. hotter; hotter C. hottest; hottest D. more; more
答案:B
解析:“越来越热”用“比较级 + and + 比较级”结构。
5. Tom is ______ than any other student in his class.
A. tall B. taller C. tallest D. more tall
答案:B
解析:than 提示用比较级。tall 是单音节词,直接加 -er。
6. —Who runs ______, Bob or Sam? —Bob does.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. more fast
答案:B
解析:在 Bob 和 Sam 两者之间比较,用比较级。fast 是单音节副词,直接加 -er。
7. This book is ______ interesting than that one.
A. many B. much C. more D. most
答案:C
解析:interesting 是多音节形容词,比较级前加 more。
8. She is ______ quieter than her brother.
A. very B. so C. too D. much
答案:D
解析:比较级前可用 much 修饰。very、so、too 不能修饰比较级。
9. My sister is ______ than me.
A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. most outgoing D. outgoinger
答案:B
解析:outgoing 是多音节形容词,比较级为 more outgoing。
10. ______ you eat, ______ you will be.
A. The more; the fatter B. More; fatter C. The much; the fat D. Much; fat
答案:A
解析:“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”表示“越……越……”。eat more 与 get fatter 对应。
📗 提升篇(第11-20题)
11. This problem is ______ than that one.
A. much difficult B. more difficult C. difficulter D. most difficult
答案:B
解析:difficult 是多音节形容词,比较级用 more difficult。much 可修饰比较级但不能直接加原级。
12. The harder you study, ______ grades you will get.
A. good B. better C. the better D. the best
答案:C
解析:“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”结构,表示“越……越……”。
13. She is ______ of the two sisters.
A. tall B. taller C. the taller D. tallest
答案:C
解析:两者中较……的一个,用“the + 比较级 + of the two”。
14. I think math is ______ than English.
A. much more difficult B. more much difficult C. very more difficult D. so more difficult
答案:A
解析:much 可修饰比较级,放在比较级前面。very 和 so 不能修饰比较级。
15. He is ______ than his father.
A. very taller B. more taller C. much taller D. so taller
答案:C
解析:taller 是比较级,前面可用 much 修饰。more 不能修饰已经加 -er 的比较级。
16. Tom writes ______ than Jim.
A. careful B. carefully C. more careful D. more carefully
答案:D
解析:修饰动词 writes 用副词。carefully 是多音节副词(以 -ly 结尾),比较级用 more carefully。
17. The days are getting ______ in summer.
A. long and long B. longer and longer C. longest and longest D. more and more long
答案:B
解析:“越来越长”用“比较级 + and + 比较级”。long 是单音节词,比较级为 longer。
18. Which is ______, the sun or the moon?
A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest
答案:B
解析:在两者(太阳和月亮)之间比较,用比较级。
19. This room is ______ than that one.
A. three times bigger B. three times as big C. bigger three times D. as three times big
答案:A
解析:倍数词放在比较级前面,即“倍数 + 比较级 + than”结构。
20. She became ______ and ______ when she heard the good news.
A. happy; happy B. happier; happier C. happiest; happiest D. more; more
答案:B
解析:“越来越开心”用“比较级 + and + 比较级”。happy 变 y 为 i 加 -er → happier。
📙 中考真题篇(第21-30题)
21.But it only gets ______. I can hardly get any sleep in the night now.
A. good B. better C. bad D. worse
答案:D
解析:句意“情况只会变得更糟”。gets 后接形容词比较级,bad 的比较级是 worse。
22.Journey to the West is one of ______ classic novels in China.
A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular
答案:D
解析:“one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”表示“最……之一”。此处考查最高级,提醒注意比较级与最高级的区分。
23.The more you practice, ______ you will speak English.
A. well B. better C. the better D. the best
答案:C
解析:“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”结构,表示“越……越……”。
24.She is ______ than her sister in dancing.
A. talent B. more talented C. most talented D. talented
答案:B
解析:than 提示用比较级。talented 是多音节形容词,比较级为 more talented。
25.The Yangtze River is ______ than the Yellow River.
A. long B. longer C. longest D. more long
答案:B
解析:两者比较(长江 vs 黄河),than 提示用比较级。long 是单音节词,直接加 -er。
26.My sister is two years ______ than me.
A. old B. older C. elder D. oldest
答案:B
解析:than 提示用比较级。表示年龄“更大”用 older。
27.The service here is ______ than before. I don’t like it.
A. bad B. worse C. worst D. more bad
答案:B
解析:than 提示用比较级。bad 的比较级是 worse。
28.He did his homework ______ than his deskmate.
A. careful B. carefully C. more careful D. more carefully
答案:D
解析:修饰动词 did 用副词。carefully 的比较级为 more carefully。
29.The weather in Chengdu is ______ than that in Beijing in winter.
A. warm B. warmer C. warmest D. more warm
答案:B
解析:两者比较(成都 vs 北京),than 提示用比较级。warm 是单音节词,直接加 -er。
30.The ______ you start, the ______ you will finish.
A. early; soon B. earlier; sooner C. earliest; soonest D. more early; more soon
答案:B
解析:“the + 比较级,the + 比较级”表示“越……越……”。early 的比较级为 earlier,soon 的比较级为 sooner。
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