话题综合07 人与自然（综合训练）（北京专用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 以“人与自然”为主题整合高考题型，通过真实语料构建从个人情感到全球生态的逻辑链条，渗透语言能力与文化意识的融合培养。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10题（流浪狗故事）|语境词汇辨析|以人与动物情感为切入点，奠定主题情感基调| |语法填空|10题（蜜蜂/旅游环保/野猪放射性）|语法应用与话题词汇|从微观生态现象延伸至环境问题，体现语法服务于意义表达| |阅读理解|9题（旧玩具回收/气候归因模型/去化石燃料）|信息获取与深度推理|从可持续实践到科技解决方案，构建“问题-措施”认知链| |七选五|5题（有机与传统农业）|篇章逻辑衔接|探讨农业可持续发展路径，培养辩证思维| |阅读表达|4题（可持续旅行）|细节理解与开放表达|聚焦旅行中的环保行为，强化责任意识| |书信写作|1题（塑料污染方案）|应用文体与创意表达|综合主题知识，实现从理解到输出的能力迁移|

话题综合07 人与自然 （考试时间：80分钟 试卷满分：90分） 一、完形填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．A 二、语法填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 11．landed 12．which 13．where 14．features 15．biggest 16．where 17．to make 18．have known 19．threat 20．where 三、阅读理解 (共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分) 21．A 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．A 四、七选五 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分) 30．F 31．G 32．B 33．A 34．D 五、阅读表达 (共 4 小题；第 35、36题各 2 分，37题 3 分，第38题 5 分，共 12 分) 35．It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday. 36．Because travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient. 37．▶Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. Because a typical hotel has average carbon emissions, and only choosing a hotel with lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. 38．I can save water and electricity in daily life, sort rubbish strictly, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones, and choose to walk or cycle for short trips to live a low-carbon life. 六、书信写作 (20 分) 39．Dear Jim,   Extremely thrilled to know that you are calling for activity plans themed “Beat Plastic Pollution”, I feel it my privilege to offer mine, hoping to give you a hand.   First, it is a wise choice to propagandize the using of cloth bags instead of plastic bags in school and call for students to spread the behavior to the people around them. Second, make a rule that students should be prevented from using plastic bags, encouraging the use of degradable plastic bags. Finally, collecting and recycling plastic bags are easy to be conducted in school.   I sincerely hope my plan is of benefit to you. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 话题综合07 人与自然 （考试时间：80分钟 试卷满分：90分） 一、完形填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) （2026·北京门头沟·一模）My dad found her at work when I was eight. She was a stray, homeless and 1 . He opened up the door to his pickup and she jumped in. Her tail wagged all the way. I was still at school when Dad brought her home. I had always wanted a dog. My parents had said I could have one when I was 2 enough to look after others. Well, I guess they 3 the time was right. I hopped off the bus, not knowing what awaited me inside. I walked through the door, and to my 4 , a puppy with a red bow greeted me with a kiss. A very special friendship was 5 . Now she needed a name. My brother said, “She doesn’t wag her tail back and forth; she wags it in circles. She’s squirrely.” Thus my puppy got her name — Squirrely. For eleven years, we were the best of friends. But as she grew older, she 6 a very severe disease. My parents knew what needed to be done, but they let me make this difficult decision myself. When medicine no longer 7 her pain and she could barely walk, I realized it was time to let her go. I carried her into the vet’s office and placed her gently on the table. She leaned forward and softly licked my hand, as if telling me to be 8 . Then the vet asked before giving the final shot, “Are you sure?” With a heavy heart and tear-filled eyes, I nodded yes. The final shot was given. My eyes fixed upon her wagging tail. A matter of seconds and it stopped. I wrapped her up, carried her out and 9 her in the field where she loved to chase rabbits. Many years later, I visited her grave. A single wild flower grew there, swaying gently in the breeze — in a 10 , just like Squirrely’s tail used to do. At that moment, I knew my special friend would always be with me. 1．A．calm B．energetic C．excited D．starving 2．A．creative B．busy C．responsible D．curious 3．A．figured out B．bore out C．spelled out D．pointed out 4．A．surprise B．fear C．regret D．sorrow 5．A．lost B．born C．tested D．forgotten 6．A．prevented B．cured C．developed D．examined 7．A．doubled B．eased C．recorded D．increased 8．A．quiet B．brave C．patient D．determined 9．A．hid B．kept C．abandoned D．buried 10．A．circle B．direction C．pattern D．line 二、语法填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 （2026·北京东城·一模） A One day when a group of bees 11 (land) on a primary school, not surprisingly, there was panic among the teachers. Though, most of the children watched excitedly as a bee catcher rounded up the uninvited visitors. This unexpected event led to the school integrating beekeeping into the course, 12 has resulted in notable benefits. The children study the dance of the bees to decide 13 honey source is. They use honey in cooking lessons. They have even opened a school shop that 14 (feature) honey. Most of all, the children have become more responsible to others. B （2026·北京朝阳·一模） Tourism is one of the world’s 15 (big) industries, and a highly polluting one. Now the “Rewilding Portugal” project, 16 tourists help restore degraded farmland by planting native trees, turns tourists into active participants in repairing the planet. In return, the tourists stay in renewable-powered accommodations. Critics argue that the project is just a marketing trick. But supporters believe it offers a way 17 (make) travel meaningful, by turning it into an opportunity to learn, connect, and contribute. C （2026·北京大兴·三模） For many years, scientists 18 (know) that wild pigs in Germany have a unique problem that is both a mystery and something of a 19 (threaten). In short, a significant portion of the German wild boar (野猪) population — more than 1 in 3 in certain locals is radioactive. This is particularly concerning in places like Bavaria, Germany, 20 wild boar meat is a popular form of game meat. 三、阅读理解(共9小题；每小题 2 分，共18分) A （2026·北京西城·一模） Loved Before The first eco-friendly, fully sustainable soft toy adoption agency “Several years back, during my time as a volunteer at a charity shop, I observed the arrival of second-hand toys at the store. These pre-loved toys, often handed over with cherished memories and emotional significance, were carelessly cast aside, sometimes became dog toys or, even more dishearteningly, destined for the landfill. It became evident to me how the love, lively life, and stories of these eco-toys were at risk of being lost and forgotten in an instant. That was when Loved Before was born with the mission to revolutionize our perspective on sustainable toys.” ---Charlotte, Founder What we do     Your pre-loved toys arrive at our headquarter where they officially become Loved Befores and have a tailored and thorough “Spa” treatment to make them clean.     Each toy will have its own photoshoot, be added to the store along with the story of their previous lives and adventures, and be re-homed to their new family!     At least half of the profit from every one of our sustainable toys once adopted goes to Make-A-Wish, a non-profit organization who creates and fulfils life-changing wishes for children living with critical illnesses. What we believe     Imperfect I’m perfect: Our collections showcase toys that have weathered the journey of life---worn and beautifully imperfect. Loved Before believes that in the world of love and acceptance, “imperfections” hold no weight. True beauty lies in the individuality of each toy, and there’s no such thing as “perfect”.     Saving the world, one teddy at a time: While our passion for teddies is undeniable, at Loved Before, we view our mission as a driving force for a broader shift in mindset---one where sustainable toys, particularly our eco-friendly teddies, mark just the beginning! We passionately believe that the world is already filled with enough soft toys to last a lifetime, eliminating (消除) the necessity to produce more. By shifting perceptions of pre-loved items, we’re on a mission to revolutionize the toy industry forever. Our collection is a movement towards a greener, more conscious playtime. 21．What inspired Charlotte to start Loved Before? A．The improper treatment of old toys. B．The new attitude toward dog toys. C．The profits from charities. D．The donations from kids. 22．According to the passage, Loved Before ________. A．fulfils toy owners’ wishes B．helps to cure sick children C．shares the toys’ life stories D．buys thoroughly cleaned toys 23．What is the significance of Loved Before? A．Achieving perfection in life. B．Stressing the impact of teddies. C．Promoting the production of toys. D．Raising environmental awareness. B （2026·北京朝阳·一模）Arif Pujianto couldn’t sleep. When dawn broke, the area where he lives on the low-lying Pari Island in Indonesia was damaged. Eventually, he decided to do something about it. He filed a lawsuit (诉讼) against cement manufacturer Holcim. At first sight, this might seem unreasonable. After all, the company has no operations in Indonesia and is headquartered 12,000 kilometres from Pari, in Switzerland. Yet Pujianto’s case is on top of a wave of lawsuits supported by innovative climate attribution models. Computer simulations (模拟) have been the backbone of climate science since the 1960s. Scientists run them to predict how the planet will warm as the amount of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere increases. But climate models can be put to another use if they are run in a slightly different way. The idea is to simulate counterfactual scenarios (情景) and compare them with how things really turned out. How would the world look if we had left fossil fuels which we consumed in the ground, for example? Climate scientists have spent decades using this technique to figure out the consequences of carbon emissions, in a field that is broadly called attribution science. Climate models can be extremely complex and often require supercomputers to run. But two advances have started to change that. One is the development of “reduced complexity” climate models. Instead of modelling Earth’s precise physical, chemical and biological processes, these simpler models simulate them on average, which reduces processing power. The second advance boils down to innovations in the way we account for emissions and join the links in the causal chain between emissions and harms. That includes, for example, smarter ways of differentiating between historical emissions. A gigatonne of carbon emitted today, when oceans are more acidic, has different consequences to a gigatonne of carbon emitted in 1850. In 2022, climate scientists Christopher Callahan at Indiana University and Justin Mankin at Dartmouth College put these two advances together to create an end-to-end climate attribution model, one that stretches from the individual packets of emissions, perhaps from a single company, all the way to the effects of climate change on a community. Mankin is aware that the research may be used in court and pursuing climate action through climate lawsuits may be necessary. A proper test of how attribution science holds up in court in these “polluter-pays” cases hasn’t yet taken place, then. But such a test may not be too far off, says Noah Walker-Crawford, a legal advisor, especially given how many fresh cases are starting to come before judges. If a precedent is set by even a single successful polluter-pays case, it could open the floodgates to a huge number of similar claims. In each case, the individual damages demanded may be relatively small, but it could, nonetheless, be significant. 24．What can be inferred about the climate attribution model? A．It can simulate a world without carbon emissions. B．It predicts the timeline of future extreme weather. C．It is more accurate in modelling climate processes. D．It has shifted its aim to backing climate legal cases. 25．Regarding the future of “polluter-pays” cases, the author is _______ A．worried B．optimistic C．doubtful D．disapproving 26．What does the author mainly do in this passage? A．Anticipate a novel trend in court. B．Illustrate how climate models work. C．Introduce the history of climate models. D．Show a model expected to force climate action. C （2026·北京顺义·二模）There’s a relatively new word doing the rounds in sustainability research: defossilization. Beyond expert circles, it isn’t necessarily obvious that eliminating fossil (化石) fuels does not mean phasing out carbon. Defossilization means finding sustainable ways to make carbon-based chemicals. This carbon cannot come from the usual sources, such as coal, natural gas and oil. Alternative sources of carbon include the atmosphere and plants, as well as carbon in existing biological or industrial waste, such as used plastics or agricultural waste. In some cases, these chemicals will eventually return CO2 to the atmosphere through burning or biodegradation. In principle, this will occur as part of a circular process, rather than one that has added greenhouse gases. The extraction (提取) of carbon from tough plant matter in crop waste is an alternative with potential that remains mostly unused. One major advantage is the fact that it can be produced without the use of extra land. But it is expensive to extract, and production timelines are long, both of which prevent its large-scale application. Other potential sources of waste carbon include city and industrial waste, with used plastic among this. Current recycling methods break waste plastics into small pieces through melting, and then form small balls that can be used to make new products. For higher recycling rates to be achieved, chemical recycling methods will need to be further developed and scaled up. CO2 captured from the air offers one of the largest potential channels for defossilization. The global chemicals industry could obtain one-third of its carbon needs from this source by 2050. Although the atmosphere holds nearly 900 billion tons of carbon (almost twice the amount in vegetation), estimates of CO₂’s future contribution vary widely. Some say CO2 will become the main material for chemicals, whereas others say its contribution will be insignificant. To make useful carbon-based molecules (分子), CO2 must first be transformed into other molecules. This requires a considerable amount of renewable energy because CO₂ is highly stable. Capturing atmospheric CO2 is difficult and expensive, so some countries have not prioritized the technology—but this must change and needs a renewed focus on defossilization. 27．What does the phrase “phasing out” underlined in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Making use of. B．Getting rid of. C．Running out of. D．Taking the place of. 28．Which of the following is a way to achieve defossilization? A．Expanding farmland for carbon extraction. B．Producing carbon with traditional methods. C．Processing plastic waste to capture carbon. D．Extracting carbon by transforming carbon molecules. 29．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To make an appeal. B．To offer a comparison. C．To challenge a concept. D．To present a phenomenon. 四、七选五 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分) （2026·北京顺义·一模）Organic agriculture is often thought of as green and good for nature. Conventional agriculture, in contrast, is cast as big and bad. 30 A widespread shift to organic would leave billions hungry, researchers predict. 31 Organic output is typically 25 percent lower than conventional farming output. Switching all the world to organic would mean turning 24 percent more natural habitats into agricultural land to meet future demands, doing more harm than good to nature. Researchers who conclude that organic agriculture could not feed the globe’s growing population also recognize that conventional agriculture can’t carry on as it is, either. 32 In experiments, they are testing integrated approaches that combine the green touch of organic farming with a small amount of chemical fertilizer and strictly targeted chemical treatments applied when needed — an approach known as low-input agriculture. Studies show that low-input integrated farming is successful for both output and the environment. After an eight-year experiment, scientists reported promising results from multi-year crop rotation (轮作) systems. Crops were switched every two to four years and assessed for output. Output rose as the number of rotations increased. 33 The potential harm to freshwater ecosystems from weed killer was 99.9 percent lower in the low-input corn plots than in the conventional corn plots. 34 Organic farming is important on local scales, but the world won’t ever be fed by just organic. A more realistic goal is to expand organic farmland while putting the rest on a more sustainable footing. For now, research is advancing by deepening our understanding of what eco-friendly farming really means. A．This strategy also had environmental benefits. B．So scientists are doubling down on the middle road. C．Organic fields are an experimental ground for boosting profits. D．None of this means that people should stop buying organic produce. E．Therefore, some crops grow better than others under organic conditions. F．Yet scientists are finding that organic farming is not as green as it seems. G．Specifically, output is the one crucial feature where organic farming falls short. 五、阅读表达 (共 4 小题；第 35、36题各 2 分，37题 3 分，第38题 5 分，共 12 分) （2026·北京房山·一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Sustainable travel is about travelling in a way that’s sensitive to the climate and nature emergencies while ensuring that the wellbeing of the places we visit gain long-term benefit from our travelling there. Being a sustainable traveller is not about making grand, one-off gestures. It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday. To begin with, consider packing less: travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient. It also makes it much easier to travel around. A useful device for packing economically is to consider the three Rs: reduce, reuse and recycle. Transport accounts for at least 70% of a holiday’s carbon emissions. Therefore, the most effective way to reduce the carbon emissions of travelling is to reduce the travel distance and choose transportation that burns less, or ideally no fossil fuel. There’s a steep difference in terms of the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by aeroplanes compared with most land-based vehicles. There are concerted efforts to decarbonise air travel using alternative fuels and methods of propulsion, such as via electricity and hydrogen. There are other factors that will affect your carbon emissions when you’re at the destination, including your choice of hotel and the food you eat. For example, the average carbon footprint of a night in a typical hotel in the UK is about 31.1kg CO2, according to the Hotel Carbon Measurement Initiative, so choosing a hotel that has lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. In fact, many eco-certified accommodations do much more than reducing their carbon emissions. They also reduce the amount of waste they send to landfill and cut down on the use of chemicals and water. When it comes to food, feasting on local, seasonal food not only conveys a sense of place better than any travel brochure, but is also much better for the environment. 35．According to the passage, what is being a sustainable traveller about? 36．Why is packing less considered more eco-friendly? 37．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. 38．In addition to sustainable travel, how can you live a sustainable life? (In about 40 words) 六、书信写作(20 分) 39．（2023·北京海淀·三模）假设你是红星中学学生会“环保部”部长李华。你的英国好友Jim的学校正在征集主题为“Beat Plastic Pollution”的环境保护活动方案，他一时没有想法，写信请你给提供建议。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 简要介绍你的设计方案及理由； 2. 询问意见并表达祝愿。 注意：1．词数 100 左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 4 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 话题综合07 人与自然 （考试时间：80分钟 试卷满分：90分） 一、完形填空 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) （2026·北京门头沟·一模）My dad found her at work when I was eight. She was a stray, homeless and 1 . He opened up the door to his pickup and she jumped in. Her tail wagged all the way. I was still at school when Dad brought her home. I had always wanted a dog. My parents had said I could have one when I was 2 enough to look after others. Well, I guess they 3 the time was right. I hopped off the bus, not knowing what awaited me inside. I walked through the door, and to my 4 , a puppy with a red bow greeted me with a kiss. A very special friendship was 5 . Now she needed a name. My brother said, “She doesn’t wag her tail back and forth; she wags it in circles. She’s squirrely.” Thus my puppy got her name — Squirrely. For eleven years, we were the best of friends. But as she grew older, she 6 a very severe disease. My parents knew what needed to be done, but they let me make this difficult decision myself. When medicine no longer 7 her pain and she could barely walk, I realized it was time to let her go. I carried her into the vet’s office and placed her gently on the table. She leaned forward and softly licked my hand, as if telling me to be 8 . Then the vet asked before giving the final shot, “Are you sure?” With a heavy heart and tear-filled eyes, I nodded yes. The final shot was given. My eyes fixed upon her wagging tail. A matter of seconds and it stopped. I wrapped her up, carried her out and 9 her in the field where she loved to chase rabbits. Many years later, I visited her grave. A single wild flower grew there, swaying gently in the breeze — in a 10 , just like Squirrely’s tail used to do. At that moment, I knew my special friend would always be with me. 1．A．calm B．energetic C．excited D．starving 2．A．creative B．busy C．responsible D．curious 3．A．figured out B．bore out C．spelled out D．pointed out 4．A．surprise B．fear C．regret D．sorrow 5．A．lost B．born C．tested D．forgotten 6．A．prevented B．cured C．developed D．examined 7．A．doubled B．eased C．recorded D．increased 8．A．quiet B．brave C．patient D．determined 9．A．hid B．kept C．abandoned D．buried 10．A．circle B．direction C．pattern D．line 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与一只名为Squirrely的流浪狗之间深厚的友谊，以及Squirrely因病离世后作者对她的怀念。 【解析】 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她是一只流浪狗，无家可归，饥肠辘辘。A. calm冷静的；B. energetic精力充沛的；C. excited兴奋的；D. starving饥饿的。根据上文“She was a stray, homeless”可知，流浪狗的常见处境是饥饿。故选D。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的父母说，当我足够有责任感能够照顾别人时，我就可以养一只。A. creative有创造力的；B. busy忙碌的；C. responsible有责任感的；D. curious好奇的。根据下文“to look after others”可知，照顾宠物需要具备责任心，这是父母允许养狗的条件。故选C。 3．考查动词短语辨析。句意：嗯，我猜他们认为时机到了。A. figured out认为，想出；B. bore out证实；C. spelled out拼出；D. pointed out指出。根据上文“I was still at school when Dad brought her home. I had always wanted a dog.”可知，作者猜想父母认为养狗的时机到了。故选A。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我走进门，令我惊讶的是，一只戴着红蝴蝶结的小狗用亲吻迎接我。A. surprise惊讶；B. fear恐惧；C. regret后悔；D. sorrow悲伤。根据下文“a puppy with a red bow greeted me with a kiss”可知，作者进门后看到一只小狗，这让他感到惊讶。故选A。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一段非常特殊的友谊诞生了。A. lost失去；B. born出生，诞生；C. tested测试；D. forgotten忘记。根据上文“a puppy with a red bow greeted me with a kiss”可知，作者与小狗初次相遇，友谊就此开始。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但随着她年龄的增长，她患上了一种非常严重的疾病。A. prevented阻止；B. cured治愈；C. developed患（病）；D. examined检查。根据下文“a very severe disease”可知，小狗患上了一种非常严重的疾病。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当药物不再缓解她的疼痛，她几乎不能走路时，我意识到是时候让她离开了。A. doubled加倍；B. eased缓解；C. recorded记录；D. increased增加。根据下文“she could barely walk”可知，药物失去作用，无法减轻病痛。故选B。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她向前倾，轻轻地舔了舔我的手，好像在告诉我要勇敢。A. quiet安静的；B. brave勇敢的；C. patient耐心的；D. determined有决心的。根据上文“She leaned forward and softly licked my hand”可知，小狗在安慰作者要勇敢。故选B。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把她裹起来，把她抱出去，埋葬在她喜欢追兔子的田野里。A. hid隐藏；B. kept保持；C. abandoned抛弃；D. buried埋葬。根据下文“I visited her grave”可知，作者把小狗埋葬在她喜欢追兔子的田野里。故选D。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那里长着一朵野花，在微风中轻轻摇曳——画着圆圈，就像Squirrely的尾巴以前那样。A. circle圆圈；B. direction方向；C. pattern模式；D. line线。根据上文““She doesn’t wag her tail back and forth; she wags it in circles. She’s squirrely.””可知，此处呼应上文小狗摇尾巴的特点。故选A。 二、语法填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 （2026·北京东城·一模） A One day when a group of bees 11 (land) on a primary school, not surprisingly, there was panic among the teachers. Though, most of the children watched excitedly as a bee catcher rounded up the uninvited visitors. This unexpected event led to the school integrating beekeeping into the course, 12 has resulted in notable benefits. The children study the dance of the bees to decide 13 honey source is. They use honey in cooking lessons. They have even opened a school shop that 14 (feature) honey. Most of all, the children have become more responsible to others. 【答案】11．landed 12．which 13．where 14．features 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一群蜜蜂降落在一所小学后，引发的一系列事件，以及这些事件给学校和孩子们带来的积极影响。 【解析】 11．考查时态。句意：一天，当一群蜜蜂降落在一所小学时，不出所料，老师们惊慌失措。land(降落)是句中谓语动词，与主语a group of bees之间是主动关系，根据句意和上下文时态可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时态。故填landed。 12．考查定语从句。句意：这一意外事件促使学校将养蜂纳入课程，这带来了显著的好处。空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 13．考查名词性从句。句意：孩子们通过观察蜜蜂的舞蹈来判断蜜源在哪里。“ honey source is”是宾语从句，从句缺少表语，结合句意，表示“在哪里”，应用连接副词where引导该从句。故填where。 14．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他们甚至开了一家以蜂蜜为特色的学校商店。feature(以……为特色)是定语从句中谓语动词，主语that(指代先行词a school shop)与feature之间是主动关系，根据句意，描述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。故填features。 B （2026·北京朝阳·一模） Tourism is one of the world’s 15 (big) industries, and a highly polluting one. Now the “Rewilding Portugal” project, 16 tourists help restore degraded farmland by planting native trees, turns tourists into active participants in repairing the planet. In return, the tourists stay in renewable-powered accommodations. Critics argue that the project is just a marketing trick. But supporters believe it offers a way 17 (make) travel meaningful, by turning it into an opportunity to learn, connect, and contribute. 【答案】15．biggest 16．where 17．to make 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“Rewilding Portugal”项目，该项目让游客通过种植本土树木帮助恢复退化的农田，将游客转变为修复地球的积极参与者。 【解析】 15．考查形容词最高级。句意：旅游业是世界上最大的产业之一，也是一个污染严重的产业。根据句意和“one of the world’s”可知，此处表示“最大的产业之一”，应用形容词最高级biggest作定语，修饰名词industries。故填biggest。 16．考查定语从句。句意：现在，“Rewilding Portugal”项目让游客通过种植本土树木帮助恢复退化的农田，将游客转变为修复地球的积极参与者。“_____ tourists help restore degraded farmland by planting native trees”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词project，关系词将其代入定语从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：但支持者认为，它提供了一种使旅行有意义的方式，通过将旅行变成一个学习、联系和贡献的机会。“(make) travel meaningful”作后置定语，名词way后常用动词不定式作定语，意为“……的方式”。故填to make。 C （2026·北京大兴·三模） For many years, scientists 18 (know) that wild pigs in Germany have a unique problem that is both a mystery and something of a 19 (threaten). In short, a significant portion of the German wild boar (野猪) population — more than 1 in 3 in certain locals is radioactive. This is particularly concerning in places like Bavaria, Germany, 20 wild boar meat is a popular form of game meat. 【答案】18．have known 19．threat 20．where 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了德国野猪群体受到放射性污染这一独特问题。 【解析】 18．考查时态。句意：多年来，科学家们已经知道德国的野猪有一个独特的问题，这既是一个谜，也是一种威胁。根据时间状语For many years可知，此处表示从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时；主语scientists为复数，谓语动词用复数形式have known。 19．考查名词。句意同上。根据空前的不定冠词a可知，此处需用名词单数形式；threaten的名词形式为threat，意为“威胁”。 20．考查定语从句。句意：这在德国巴伐利亚等地尤其令人担忧，在那里野猪肉是一种受欢迎的野味。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为places like Bavaria, Germany，表示地点，且从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where引导该从句。 三、阅读理解(共9小题；每小题 2 分，共18分) A （2026·北京西城·一模） Loved Before The first eco-friendly, fully sustainable soft toy adoption agency “Several years back, during my time as a volunteer at a charity shop, I observed the arrival of second-hand toys at the store. These pre-loved toys, often handed over with cherished memories and emotional significance, were carelessly cast aside, sometimes became dog toys or, even more dishearteningly, destined for the landfill. It became evident to me how the love, lively life, and stories of these eco-toys were at risk of being lost and forgotten in an instant. That was when Loved Before was born with the mission to revolutionize our perspective on sustainable toys.” ---Charlotte, Founder What we do     Your pre-loved toys arrive at our headquarter where they officially become Loved Befores and have a tailored and thorough “Spa” treatment to make them clean.     Each toy will have its own photoshoot, be added to the store along with the story of their previous lives and adventures, and be re-homed to their new family!     At least half of the profit from every one of our sustainable toys once adopted goes to Make-A-Wish, a non-profit organization who creates and fulfils life-changing wishes for children living with critical illnesses. What we believe     Imperfect I’m perfect: Our collections showcase toys that have weathered the journey of life---worn and beautifully imperfect. Loved Before believes that in the world of love and acceptance, “imperfections” hold no weight. True beauty lies in the individuality of each toy, and there’s no such thing as “perfect”.     Saving the world, one teddy at a time: While our passion for teddies is undeniable, at Loved Before, we view our mission as a driving force for a broader shift in mindset---one where sustainable toys, particularly our eco-friendly teddies, mark just the beginning! We passionately believe that the world is already filled with enough soft toys to last a lifetime, eliminating (消除) the necessity to produce more. By shifting perceptions of pre-loved items, we’re on a mission to revolutionize the toy industry forever. Our collection is a movement towards a greener, more conscious playtime. 21．What inspired Charlotte to start Loved Before? A．The improper treatment of old toys. B．The new attitude toward dog toys. C．The profits from charities. D．The donations from kids. 22．According to the passage, Loved Before ________. A．fulfils toy owners’ wishes B．helps to cure sick children C．shares the toys’ life stories D．buys thoroughly cleaned toys 23．What is the significance of Loved Before? A．Achieving perfection in life. B．Stressing the impact of teddies. C．Promoting the production of toys. D．Raising environmental awareness. 【答案】21．A 22．C 23．D 【导语】主要介绍Loved Before这家全球首个环保且完全可持续的毛绒玩具收养机构，讲述其创立原因、运营模式及秉持理念，强调对环保和改变玩具行业观念的重要意义。 【解析】 21．细节理解题。根据创始人Charlotte所说“These pre-loved toys, often handed over with cherished memories and emotional significance, were carelessly cast aside, sometimes became dog toys or, even more dishearteningly, destined for the landfill. It became evident to me how the love, lively life, and stories of these eco-toys were at risk of being lost and forgotten in an instant.(这些承载着珍贵回忆和情感意义的二手玩具被随意丢弃，有时沦为狗狗的玩具，更令人沮丧的是，它们最终被送去填埋。我意识到这些环保玩具的爱、鲜活的生命和故事可能瞬间就会被遗忘。)”可知，旧玩具受到的不当对待启发Charlotte创立了Loved Before。 22．细节理解题。根据“What we do”部分“Each toy will have its own photoshoot, be added to the store along with the story of their previous lives and adventures, and be re-homed to their new family!(每个玩具都会有自己的照片拍摄，连同它们以前的生活和冒险故事一起被添加到商店里，然后被重新安置到它们的新家庭！)”可知，Loved Before会分享玩具的生活故事。 23．推理判断题。根据“What we believe”部分“By shifting perceptions of pre-loved items, we’re on a mission to revolutionize the toy industry forever. Our collection is a movement towards a greener, more conscious playtime.(通过改变对二手物品的看法，我们致力于永远彻底改变玩具行业。我们的收藏是朝着更环保、更有意识的玩耍时间的一种行动)”可知，Loved Before的意义在于提高环保意识。 B （2026·北京朝阳·一模）Arif Pujianto couldn’t sleep. When dawn broke, the area where he lives on the low-lying Pari Island in Indonesia was damaged. Eventually, he decided to do something about it. He filed a lawsuit (诉讼) against cement manufacturer Holcim. At first sight, this might seem unreasonable. After all, the company has no operations in Indonesia and is headquartered 12,000 kilometres from Pari, in Switzerland. Yet Pujianto’s case is on top of a wave of lawsuits supported by innovative climate attribution models. Computer simulations (模拟) have been the backbone of climate science since the 1960s. Scientists run them to predict how the planet will warm as the amount of greenhouse gases in our atmosphere increases. But climate models can be put to another use if they are run in a slightly different way. The idea is to simulate counterfactual scenarios (情景) and compare them with how things really turned out. How would the world look if we had left fossil fuels which we consumed in the ground, for example? Climate scientists have spent decades using this technique to figure out the consequences of carbon emissions, in a field that is broadly called attribution science. Climate models can be extremely complex and often require supercomputers to run. But two advances have started to change that. One is the development of “reduced complexity” climate models. Instead of modelling Earth’s precise physical, chemical and biological processes, these simpler models simulate them on average, which reduces processing power. The second advance boils down to innovations in the way we account for emissions and join the links in the causal chain between emissions and harms. That includes, for example, smarter ways of differentiating between historical emissions. A gigatonne of carbon emitted today, when oceans are more acidic, has different consequences to a gigatonne of carbon emitted in 1850. In 2022, climate scientists Christopher Callahan at Indiana University and Justin Mankin at Dartmouth College put these two advances together to create an end-to-end climate attribution model, one that stretches from the individual packets of emissions, perhaps from a single company, all the way to the effects of climate change on a community. Mankin is aware that the research may be used in court and pursuing climate action through climate lawsuits may be necessary. A proper test of how attribution science holds up in court in these “polluter-pays” cases hasn’t yet taken place, then. But such a test may not be too far off, says Noah Walker-Crawford, a legal advisor, especially given how many fresh cases are starting to come before judges. If a precedent is set by even a single successful polluter-pays case, it could open the floodgates to a huge number of similar claims. In each case, the individual damages demanded may be relatively small, but it could, nonetheless, be significant. 24．What can be inferred about the climate attribution model? A．It can simulate a world without carbon emissions. B．It predicts the timeline of future extreme weather. C．It is more accurate in modelling climate processes. D．It has shifted its aim to backing climate legal cases. 25．Regarding the future of “polluter-pays” cases, the author is _______ A．worried B．optimistic C．doubtful D．disapproving 26．What does the author mainly do in this passage? A．Anticipate a novel trend in court. B．Illustrate how climate models work. C．Introduce the history of climate models. D．Show a model expected to force climate action. 【答案】24．A 25．B 26．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气候归因模型的发展及其在法律诉讼中的应用潜力，通过具体案例和专家观点展示了该模型如何为气候行动提供科学依据，并预示了未来“污染者付费”案件可能带来的法律和社会影响。 【解析】 24．推理判断题。根据第二段“The idea is to simulate counterfactual scenarios (情景) and compare them with how things really turned out. How would the world look if we had left fossil fuels which we consumed in the ground, for example? Climate scientists have spent decades using this technique to figure out the consequences of carbon emissions, in a field that is broadly called attribution science. (这个想法是模拟反事实情景，并将它们与实际情况进行比较。例如，如果我们把消耗的化石燃料留在地下，世界会是什么样子？气候科学家几十年来一直使用这种技术来弄清楚碳排放的后果，这个领域被广泛称为归因科学。)”可知，气候归因模型通过模拟没有碳排放的世界，并将其与实际情况进行对比，来弄清楚碳排放的后果。因此，可以推断出该模型能够模拟一个没有碳排放的世界。故选A项。 25．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But such a test may not be too far off, says Noah Walker-Crawford, a legal advisor, especially given how many fresh cases are starting to come before judges. If a precedent is set by even a single successful polluter-pays case, it could open the floodgates to a huge number of similar claims. In each case, the individual damages demanded may be relatively small, but it could, nonetheless, be significant. (但法律顾问诺亚·沃克-克劳福德表示，这样的测试可能不会太远，尤其是考虑到有多少新案件开始摆在法官面前。即使只有一个成功的污染者付费案例成为先例，也可能为大量类似索赔打开闸门。在每一种情况下，要求的个人损害赔偿可能相对较小，但尽管如此，它仍然可能是重大的。)”可知，作者认为随着新案件的不断涌现，即使只有一个成功的污染者付费案例成为先例，也可能引发大量类似的索赔，这表明作者对“污染者付费”案件的未来持乐观态度。故选B项。 26．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Yet Pujianto’s case is on top of a wave of lawsuits supported by innovative climate attribution models. (然而，普吉安托的案件是一波由创新气候归因模型支持的法律诉讼之一。)”以及后文对气候归因模型的介绍和其在法律诉讼中的应用潜力可知，文章主要介绍了一个有望推动气候行动的模型，即气候归因模型，以及该模型如何为气候法律诉讼提供科学依据。故选D项。 C （2026·北京顺义·二模）There’s a relatively new word doing the rounds in sustainability research: defossilization. Beyond expert circles, it isn’t necessarily obvious that eliminating fossil (化石) fuels does not mean phasing out carbon. Defossilization means finding sustainable ways to make carbon-based chemicals. This carbon cannot come from the usual sources, such as coal, natural gas and oil. Alternative sources of carbon include the atmosphere and plants, as well as carbon in existing biological or industrial waste, such as used plastics or agricultural waste. In some cases, these chemicals will eventually return CO2 to the atmosphere through burning or biodegradation. In principle, this will occur as part of a circular process, rather than one that has added greenhouse gases. The extraction (提取) of carbon from tough plant matter in crop waste is an alternative with potential that remains mostly unused. One major advantage is the fact that it can be produced without the use of extra land. But it is expensive to extract, and production timelines are long, both of which prevent its large-scale application. Other potential sources of waste carbon include city and industrial waste, with used plastic among this. Current recycling methods break waste plastics into small pieces through melting, and then form small balls that can be used to make new products. For higher recycling rates to be achieved, chemical recycling methods will need to be further developed and scaled up. CO2 captured from the air offers one of the largest potential channels for defossilization. The global chemicals industry could obtain one-third of its carbon needs from this source by 2050. Although the atmosphere holds nearly 900 billion tons of carbon (almost twice the amount in vegetation), estimates of CO₂’s future contribution vary widely. Some say CO2 will become the main material for chemicals, whereas others say its contribution will be insignificant. To make useful carbon-based molecules (分子), CO2 must first be transformed into other molecules. This requires a considerable amount of renewable energy because CO₂ is highly stable. Capturing atmospheric CO2 is difficult and expensive, so some countries have not prioritized the technology—but this must change and needs a renewed focus on defossilization. 27．What does the phrase “phasing out” underlined in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Making use of. B．Getting rid of. C．Running out of. D．Taking the place of. 28．Which of the following is a way to achieve defossilization? A．Expanding farmland for carbon extraction. B．Producing carbon with traditional methods. C．Processing plastic waste to capture carbon. D．Extracting carbon by transforming carbon molecules. 29．What is the main purpose of this passage? A．To make an appeal. B．To offer a comparison. C．To challenge a concept. D．To present a phenomenon. 【答案】27．B 28．C 29．A 【导语】本文主要围绕“去化石化（defossilization）”这一可持续发展研究领域的新概念展开。 【解析】 27．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Defossilization means finding sustainable ways to make carbon-based chemicals. This carbon cannot come from the usual sources, such as coal, natural gas and oil. Alternative sources of carbon include the atmosphere and plants, as well as carbon in existing biological or industrial waste, such as used plastics or agricultural waste.(去化石化意味着找到可持续的方法来制造碳基化学品。这种碳不能来自通常的来源，如煤、天然气和石油。碳的替代来源包括大气和植物，以及现有的生物或工业废物中的碳，如用过的塑料或农业废物)”可知，摒弃化石燃料不是消除化石燃料，并不一定就意味着逐步淘汰碳，phasing out的意思是“去除，摆脱”，和Getting rid of意思相近。 28．细节理解题。根据第四段“Other potential sources of waste carbon include city and industrial waste, with used plastic among this. Current recycling methods break waste plastics into small pieces through melting, and then form small balls that can be used to make new products.(其他可能产生废碳排放的来源包括城市和工业废弃物，其中废弃塑料就属于此类。目前的回收方法是通过熔化将废弃塑料分解成小块，然后将其制成小球，用于制造新产品。)”可知，实现去化石燃料化的方法是将塑料废料加工以捕获碳。 29．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Capturing atmospheric CO2 is difficult and expensive, so some countries have not prioritized the technology—but this must change and needs a renewed focus on defossilization.(从大气中捕获二氧化碳既困难又昂贵，因此一些国家尚未将这项技术列为优先事项——但这种情况必须改变，需要重新重视去碳化这一举措。)”可知，本文的目的是呼吁各国改变态度，重新聚焦于去化石化。 四、七选五 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分) （2026·北京顺义·一模）Organic agriculture is often thought of as green and good for nature. Conventional agriculture, in contrast, is cast as big and bad. 30 A widespread shift to organic would leave billions hungry, researchers predict. 31 Organic output is typically 25 percent lower than conventional farming output. Switching all the world to organic would mean turning 24 percent more natural habitats into agricultural land to meet future demands, doing more harm than good to nature. Researchers who conclude that organic agriculture could not feed the globe’s growing population also recognize that conventional agriculture can’t carry on as it is, either. 32 In experiments, they are testing integrated approaches that combine the green touch of organic farming with a small amount of chemical fertilizer and strictly targeted chemical treatments applied when needed — an approach known as low-input agriculture. Studies show that low-input integrated farming is successful for both output and the environment. After an eight-year experiment, scientists reported promising results from multi-year crop rotation (轮作) systems. Crops were switched every two to four years and assessed for output. Output rose as the number of rotations increased. 33 The potential harm to freshwater ecosystems from weed killer was 99.9 percent lower in the low-input corn plots than in the conventional corn plots. 34 Organic farming is important on local scales, but the world won’t ever be fed by just organic. A more realistic goal is to expand organic farmland while putting the rest on a more sustainable footing. For now, research is advancing by deepening our understanding of what eco-friendly farming really means. A．This strategy also had environmental benefits. B．So scientists are doubling down on the middle road. C．Organic fields are an experimental ground for boosting profits. D．None of this means that people should stop buying organic produce. E．Therefore, some crops grow better than others under organic conditions. F．Yet scientists are finding that organic farming is not as green as it seems. G．Specifically, output is the one crucial feature where organic farming falls short. 【答案】30．F 31．G 32．B 33．A 34．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章对比有机农业与传统农业的利弊，指出纯有机农业无法养活全球人口，介绍了兼顾产量与环保的低投入综合农业模式，并给出理性发展农业的观点。 【解析】 30．上文“Organic agriculture is often thought of as green and good for nature. Conventional agriculture, in contrast, is cast as big and bad. (有机农业通常被认为是绿色的，对自然有益。相比之下，传统农业被认为是庞大而糟糕的。)”说明了人们对有机农业和传统农业的普遍看法，下文“A widespread shift to organic would leave billions hungry, researchers predict. (研究人员预测，全面转向有机农业将使数十亿人挨饿。)”则指出了全面转向有机农业的负面后果，空格处承上启下，F项“Yet scientists are finding that organic farming is not as green as it seems. (然而，科学家们发现有机农业并不像看上去那么环保。)”符合语境，既承接了上文对有机农业的正面看法，又引出了下文对其负面影响的讨论。故选F。 31．上文“A widespread shift to organic would leave billions hungry, researchers predict. (研究人员预测，全面转向有机农业将使数十亿人挨饿。)”指出了全面转向有机农业的负面后果，下文“Organic output is typically 25 percent lower than conventional farming output. (有机农业的产量通常比传统农业低25%。)”则进一步解释了原因，即有机农业的产量较低，空格处承上启下，G项“Specifically, output is the one crucial feature where organic farming falls short. (具体来说，产量是有机农业不足的一个关键方面。)”符合语境，进一步强调了有机农业在产量方面的不足。故选G。 32．上文“Researchers who conclude that organic agriculture could not feed the globe’s growing population also recognize that conventional agriculture can’t carry on as it is, either. (得出结论认为有机农业无法养活全球不断增长的人口的研究人员也认识到，传统农业也不能继续这样下去。)”指出了有机农业和传统农业都存在的问题，下文“In experiments, they are testing integrated approaches that combine the green touch of organic farming with a small amount of chemical fertilizer and strictly targeted chemical treatments applied when needed — an approach known as low-input agriculture. (在实验中，他们正在测试一种综合方法，将有机农业的绿色理念与少量化肥和严格针对性的化学处理相结合，在需要时应用——这种方法被称为低投入农业。)”则介绍了科学家提出的解决方案，空格处承上启下，B项“So scientists are doubling down on the middle road. (因此，科学家们正在加倍努力走中间路线。)”符合语境，引出了下文对低投入综合农业方法的介绍。故选B。 33．上文“Studies show that low-input integrated farming is successful for both output and the environment. After an eight-year experiment, scientists reported promising results from multi-year crop rotation (轮作) systems. Crops were switched every two to four years and assessed for output. Output rose as the number of rotations increased. (研究表明，低投入综合农业对产量和环境都很有成效。经过八年的实验，科学家们报告了多年轮作系统的有希望的结果。作物每两到四年轮换一次，并评估产量。随着轮作次数的增加，产量也在增加。)”介绍了低投入综合农业方法的成效，下文“The potential harm to freshwater ecosystems from weed killer was 99.9 percent lower in the low-input corn plots than in the conventional corn plots. (在低投入玉米田中，除草剂对淡水生态系统的潜在危害比传统玉米田低99.9%。)”则进一步说明了该方法对环境的益处，A项“This strategy also had environmental benefits. (这种策略也有环境效益。)”符合语境，承上启下。故选A。 34．下文“Organic farming is important on local scales, but the world won’t ever be fed by just organic. A more realistic goal is to expand organic farmland while putting the rest on a more sustainable footing. For now, research is advancing by deepening our understanding of what eco-friendly farming really means. (有机农业在局部范围内很重要，但仅靠有机农业无法养活全世界。一个更现实的目标是扩大有机农田，同时使其余农田建立在更可持续的基础上。目前，研究正在通过加深我们对生态友好型农业真正含义的理解而取得进展。)”总结了全文，强调了有机农业在局部范围内的重要性以及未来农业发展的方向，空格处位于段首，应引出下文内容，D项“None of this means that people should stop buying organic produce. (这一切并不意味着人们应该停止购买有机农产品。)”符合语境，既承认了有机农业存在的问题，又强调了其重要性，与下文内容相呼应。故选D。 五、阅读表达 (共 4 小题；第 35、36题各 2 分，37题 3 分，第38题 5 分，共 12 分) （2026·北京房山·一模）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Sustainable travel is about travelling in a way that’s sensitive to the climate and nature emergencies while ensuring that the wellbeing of the places we visit gain long-term benefit from our travelling there. Being a sustainable traveller is not about making grand, one-off gestures. It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday. To begin with, consider packing less: travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient. It also makes it much easier to travel around. A useful device for packing economically is to consider the three Rs: reduce, reuse and recycle. Transport accounts for at least 70% of a holiday’s carbon emissions. Therefore, the most effective way to reduce the carbon emissions of travelling is to reduce the travel distance and choose transportation that burns less, or ideally no fossil fuel. There’s a steep difference in terms of the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by aeroplanes compared with most land-based vehicles. There are concerted efforts to decarbonise air travel using alternative fuels and methods of propulsion, such as via electricity and hydrogen. There are other factors that will affect your carbon emissions when you’re at the destination, including your choice of hotel and the food you eat. For example, the average carbon footprint of a night in a typical hotel in the UK is about 31.1kg CO2, according to the Hotel Carbon Measurement Initiative, so choosing a hotel that has lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. In fact, many eco-certified accommodations do much more than reducing their carbon emissions. They also reduce the amount of waste they send to landfill and cut down on the use of chemicals and water. When it comes to food, feasting on local, seasonal food not only conveys a sense of place better than any travel brochure, but is also much better for the environment. 35．According to the passage, what is being a sustainable traveller about? 36．Why is packing less considered more eco-friendly? 37．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. 38．In addition to sustainable travel, how can you live a sustainable life? (In about 40 words) 【答案】35．It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday. 36．Because travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient. 37．▶Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. Because a typical hotel has average carbon emissions, and only choosing a hotel with lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. 38．I can save water and electricity in daily life, sort rubbish strictly, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones, and choose to walk or cycle for short trips to live a low-carbon life. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可持续旅行的含义，并从打包、交通、住宿和饮食等方面提出了实现可持续旅行的具体方法。 【解析】 35．考查细节理解。根据第一段“Being a sustainable traveller is not about making grand, one-off gestures. It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday. (成为一名可持续旅行者并不在于做出宏大的、一次性的姿态，而在于拥有一种心态，一种持续的有意识探险的态度，这种态度会影响我们度假的方方面面。)”可知，成为一名可持续旅行者关乎一种心态，一种持续的、有意识的探险态度，影响度假的各个方面。故答案为It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday.。 36．考查细节理解。根据第二段“To begin with, consider packing less: travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient. (首先，考虑少带行李：轻装旅行可以减少丢弃物品的可能性，而且更省油。)”可知，少带行李能减少丢弃物品的可能，并且更省油，因此更环保。故答案为Because travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient.。 37．考查细节理解。根据第五段“For example, the average carbon footprint of a night in a typical hotel in the UK is about 31.1kg CO2, according to the Hotel Carbon Measurement Initiative, so choosing a hotel that has lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. (例如，根据酒店碳计量倡议，英国一家普通酒店一晚的平均碳排放量约为31.1千克二氧化碳，因此选择碳排放量低于平均水平的酒店会对你假期的碳足迹产生重大影响。)”可知，原文明确指出是选择低于平均碳排放的酒店而非普通酒店，才能显著影响假期碳足迹。题干中“staying at a typical hotel”与原文表述矛盾。故Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint.中“staying at a typical hotel”错误，应改为“choosing a hotel that has lower than average carbon emissions”。故答案为Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. Because a typical hotel has average carbon emissions, and only choosing a hotel with lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint.。 38．考查开放性试题。结合节约资源、垃圾分类、减少浪费等绿色生活方式作答即可。故答案为I can save water and electricity in daily life, sort rubbish strictly, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones, and choose to walk or cycle for short trips to live a low-carbon life. 六、书信写作(20 分) 39．（2023·北京海淀·三模）假设你是红星中学学生会“环保部”部长李华。你的英国好友Jim的学校正在征集主题为“Beat Plastic Pollution”的环境保护活动方案，他一时没有想法，写信请你给提供建议。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 简要介绍你的设计方案及理由； 2. 询问意见并表达祝愿。 注意：1．词数 100 左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim,   Extremely thrilled to know that you are calling for activity plans themed “Beat Plastic Pollution”, I feel it my privilege to offer mine, hoping to give you a hand.   First, it is a wise choice to propagandize the using of cloth bags instead of plastic bags in school and call for students to spread the behavior to the people around them. Second, make a rule that students should be prevented from using plastic bags, encouraging the use of degradable plastic bags. Finally, collecting and recycling plastic bags are easy to be conducted in school.   I sincerely hope my plan is of benefit to you. 【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。假设你是红星中学学生会“环保部”部长李华。你的英国好友Jim的学校正在征集主题为“Beat Plastic Pollution”的环境保护活动方案，他一时没有想法，写信请你给提供建议。 【解析】 1.词汇积累： 激动的：thrilled→excited/full of excitement 提供：offer→provide/supply 规章制度：rule→regulation 有益的：be of benefit→be beneficial 2.句式拓展： 原句：I sincerely hope my plan is of benefit to you 拓展句：I sincerely hope my plan that I mentioned above is of benefit to you 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Second, make a rule that students should be prevented from using plastic bags, encouraging the use of degradable plastic bags.(运用了that引导同位语从句，现在分词作状语。) 【高分句型2】 Extremely thrilled to know that you are calling for activity plans themed “Beat Plastic Pollution”, I feel it my privilege to offer mine, hoping to give you a hand.(运用了形容词作状语，that引导宾语从句，过去分词作后置定语以及现在分词作状语。) 4 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $