选择性必修第三册 UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION(教师用书Word)-【高考领航】2027年高考英语大一轮复习学案（创新版）

该高中英语讲义围绕“人与自然——环境保护”主题，覆盖核心词汇、派生单词、重点短语及句型公式等高考考点，按“基础自查-语用应用-题型突破”逻辑架构知识，通过考点梳理、方法指导（如句型公式讲解）、真题训练（阅读理解、完形填空）等环节，帮助学生构建知识网络，突破难点。 资料突出语言能力与思维品质培养，如写作任务采用“连句成篇”训练从单句到语篇的表达，完形填空教授“词汇复现法”提升解题逻辑。设置分层练习（默写自查、学以致用、真题演练），配合即时反馈，确保高效复习，助力学生提升应考能力，为教师把控复习节奏提供支撑。

主题语境：人与自然——环境保护 默写自查 学以致用 一 、核心单词 1．ecology n．生态；生态学 2．carbon n．碳 3．fuel n．燃料；刺激性言行 4．worldwide adv.遍及全球地adj.世界各地的；影响全世界的 5．policy n．政策；方针；原则 6．undergo vt.经历；经受(变化、不快等) 7．annual adj.每年的；一年的n.年刊；年鉴 8．dozen n．(一)打；十二个 9．campaign n．运动；战役vi.& vt.参加运动；领导运动 10．comprehensive adj.全部的；所有的；详尽的 11．garbage n．垃圾；废物 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．After the news was broadcast(播放) that our spaceship returned to the Earth safely，the specialists all cheered with great joy. 2．With the development of science and technology，there is a growing trend(趋势) towards earlier retirement in that country. 3．It's high time that you submitted(提交) your application, otherwise you will be banned from participating in the activity. 4．Finally，I made up my mind to seize(抓住) the opportunity to enhance my overall competence. 二、派生单词 1．sustain vt.维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj.可持续的；合理利用的 2．tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许→tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的→tolerance n．容忍 3．restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚→restriction n．限制规定；限制法规；约束→restrictive adj.限制性的 4．sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的→sensible adj.明智的；合理的→sense n．意识；感觉官能 vt.感觉到；察觉到 5．conservation n．(对环境、文物等)保护；保持→conservative adj.保守的；守旧的→conserve v．保护；保存；节省；节约 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 1．(2025·全国二卷)“What is your name？” is a question most frequently (frequent) asked when people meet for the first time. 2．As is known to all, a harmonious society means that human beings can live in harmony with each other.(harmony) 3．After three days without food, the men were close to starvation．If we had come later, they would have starved to death.(starve) 4．The teacher walked around inspecting the students' work and the inspection could make them more focused.(inspect) 三、重点短语 1．on behalf of　　　　　代表(代替)某人 2．dozens of 许多；很多 3．have an impact on 对……有影响 4．lead to 导致；通向 5．cause damage to 对……造成损害 6．take measures 采取措施 7．deal with 处理 8．contribute to 有助于；导致 9．carry out 履行；执行 10．in effect 在实施中；实际上 11．be trapped in 被困在…… 12．end up 最终 Ⅲ.短语填空 1．The smart girl is accustomed to dealing with all kinds of people in her present occupation. 2．Our government is attempting to take measures to prevent and control air pollution. 3．Dozens of volunteers have been assigned to dispose of the garbage since last week. 4．On behalf of the staff，I wish to extend our warmest welcome to you. 5．Microplastics have become one of the most pressing global environmental issues，which have an impact on the climate and environment. 四、句型公式 1．There is little/no doubt that ... There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). 2．含蓄虚拟语气 Without this process，Earth could not sustain life. 3．it is believed that ... With these measures，it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come. Ⅳ.句式仿写 1．毫无疑问，每天坚持练习口语能显著提升我们的英语沟通能力。 There is little/no doubt that practicing spoken English every day can greatly improve our English communication skills. 2．要是没有团队成员的密切配合，我们就无法按时完成这次校园活动的准备工作。 Without the close cooperation of team members，we could not finish the preparation for this campus activity on time. 3．人们相信，在我们的共同努力下，未来我们可以拥有更干净的海洋。 It is believed that with our joint efforts, we can have cleaner oceans in the future. 1 starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死→starvation n．饥饿；饿死→starving adj.极饿的 starve to death饿死 be starving for sth/to do sth渴望某事/做某事 同义短语：be thirsty/hungry/eager/desperate for sth/to do sth 【写作金句】　Mom always puts some biscuits in my schoolbag to prevent me from starving if I get home too late after school. 妈妈总会在书包里放些饼干，防止我放学后太晚回家而挨饿。 2 seize vt.抓住(grab)；夺取；控制；理解；(情绪)侵袭，突然控制 seize sb by the arm＝seize one's arm 抓住某人的胳膊 seize a chance/an opportunity抓住机会 表情感的名词＋seize sb ＝sb be seized with/by＋表情感的名词，表示“某人突然感到……” 【写作金句】　The moment I saw my father's cloudy face, panic seized me. (心理描写) 我一看到父亲阴云密布的脸，就感到恐惧。 3 submit vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服→submission n．提交(物)；呈递(书)；屈服 submit sth to sb将某物提交给某人 submit (oneself) to屈从于…… 【写作金句】　I'm writing to submit an application for the position of volunteer in your environmental project. (申请信) 我写信是为了呈递一份申请，申请加入你们的环保项目担任志愿者。 4 tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许→tolerance n．宽恕；忍耐；容忍→tolerant adj.忍耐的；宽容的 ·tolerate (sb/sb's) doing sth忍受(某人)做某事 ·be tolerant of/towards sb/sth容忍/宽容某人/某事 【写作金句】　Friends have to learn to put up with annoying habits and to tolerate differences of opinions. (主旨升华) 朋友之间应该学会忍耐对方让人讨厌的习惯， 并容忍意见出现分歧。 5 restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚→restriction n．限制规定；限制法规；约束 ·restrict...to...将……限定在……内 restrict oneself/sb to (doing) sth 限制自己/某人只做某事 ·be restricted to...限于…… ·without restriction 不受限制 【写作金句】　The school will restrict the outdoor activity to the playground for students' safety. (活动介绍) 为学生安全考虑，学校将把户外活动限定在操场内进行。 6 on behalf of代表(代替)某人 on one's behalf代表某人 represent sb代表某人 stand for代表，象征 【写作金句】　How time flies! Two weeks went by, and our exchange activities ended. On behalf of my school, I would like to express our feelings. (感谢信) 时光飞逝！两周过去了，我们的交流活动结束了。我想代表我的学校表达一下我们的感受。 7 There is little/no doubt that... There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph). 毫无疑问，地球正在变得越来越温暖(见图表)。 ·There is little/no doubt that...毫无疑问……(that在句中引导同位语从句) There is some doubt whether...……有疑问 Sb have/has no doubt that...某人对……毫无疑问 Sb have/has some doubt whether...某人对……有疑问 without/beyond doubt 毫无疑问/的确 ·I don't/never doubt that...我确信…… I doubt whether/if...我怀疑…… 【写作金句】　There is no doubt that this activity not only raised our awareness of safety but also equipped us with practical skills of survival. (报道) 毫无疑问， 这项活动不但提高了我们的安全意识， 而且使我们掌握了实用的生存技能。 8含蓄虚拟语气 Without this process，Earth could not sustain life. 如果没有这个过程，地球就无法维系生命。 ·本句中的Without this process是介词短语，相当于条件状语从句，引起虚拟语气。 ·without的这种用法既可表示与现在事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should do)，也可表示与过去事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should have done)。 ·有类似用法的还有：with，otherwise/or(否则)，but for/had it not been for (要不是)，if only(要是……就好了)等。 【写作金句】　With more understanding between people, the world would be a much warmer place.(发言稿) 如果人们之间多一些理解，这个世界将会变得更加温暖。 1 starve ①What shocked the scientists was that many seals died from starvation(starve) because they couldn't find enough food to eat. ②故事里的小女孩在大雪天找不到回家的路，又冷又饿，几乎要饿死了。(投稿) In the story, the little girl couldn't find her way home on a snowy day, was cold and hungry, and almost starved to death. ③我渴望学好英语， 因为掌握英语意味着我们可以通过一个新窗口看世界。 (语言学习) I am starving to study English well, because mastering English means we can see the world through a new window. 2 seize ①I was seized(seize) by a wave of fear; shaking like a leaf, I had never been so scared in all my life. ②All of a sudden, she charged forward and seized her mother by the arm in front of the door. ③I strongly recommend (that) you (should) seize every opportunity to reduce(reduce) your carbon footprint. 3 submit ①All the assignments will be submitted (submit) by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system. ②(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)And as of right now, we've received about 120 submissions (submit). ③尽管很疲惫，他仍不愿因一次错误而屈从于失败的阴影。(情感描写) Tired as he was, he wouldn't submit himself to the shadow of failure after one mistake. 4 tolerate ①(2023·浙江卷1月改编)The author's father was tolerant (tolerate)of buying groceries with jars. ②那些懂得如何包容他人的人自然会过得幸福。(主题升华) Those who know how to tolerate/be tolerant of/towards others can naturally lead a happy life. 5 restrict ①(2025·浙江卷1月)Any restrictions (restrict) established by the lending library will be indicated on the label. ②Should we restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and prevention of diseases? ③I restrict myself to playing (play) with my cellphone half an hour a day. ④An increasing number of people only stay at home all day long because of the addiction to those electronic devices. →It is the addiction to those electronic devices that restricts an increasing number of people to staying at home all day long. (强调句) 6 on behalf of ①As is known to us all, red stands for happiness and good luck in traditional Chinese culture. ②我很高兴代表我们学校邀请你观看主题为“自然爱好者”的表演。 →On behalf of our school，I'm delighted to invite you to watch the performance themed “Nature Lovers”. (on behalf of) →Representing our school，I'm delighted to invite you to watch the performance themed “Nature Lovers”. (represent) 7 There is little/no doubt that... ①Without/Beyond doubt, the starry sky above this remote mountain village was the most breathtaking sight I'd ever witnessed. ②There is still some doubt whether the autumn sports meeting will be held in our school. ③To be honest, I doubt if/whether I'm making any difference to these children's lives at all. 8 含蓄虚拟语气 ①要不是你及时的帮助，我不可能顺利完成这个项目并从中学到这么多。(感谢信) Without your timely help, I couldn't have finished the project successfully and learned so much from it. ②要不是你坚强的意志，你不可能这么快从那场事故中恢复。(安慰信) But for your strong will, you couldn't have recovered from the accident so quickly. ③要是我能更早加入你的志愿者团队，就能为社区做更多事了。 If only I had joined your volunteer team earlier, I could have done more for the community. Ⅰ.①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Adults are portrayed(描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume，deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. B ②For example，algorithms(算法) carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets，self­driving cars are appearing on city streets... C ③Could you please turn down the volume? The music is so loud that I can't concentrate on my homework. A A．n.音量 B．n.书 C．n.量，额 Ⅱ.①After the bird's wing had fully healed, the children decided to release it back into the nearby forest. C ②The film studio announced that it will release its highly anticipated science fiction movie worldwide on the same day. D ③The government passed strict laws to control factories that release poisonous gases into the atmosphere without any treatment. A ④The official release of the final exam results is scheduled for next Monday, which has made all students nervous. B A．vt.排放 B．n.发布 C．vt.释放，放 D．vt.发行，上映 Ⅲ.①Her moderate tone during the debate won her respect from both sides. B ②The teacher was invited to moderate the discussion so that every student could speak freely. C ③The medicine helped to moderate his pain after the operation, allowing him to sleep well. D ④His temperature remained moderate even after running for an hour in the hot sunshine. A A．adj.中等的，适度的 B．adj.温和的 C．v.调节 D．v.缓和 Ⅳ.①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Suddenly, anxiety seized me, my heart racing. B ②He says there's a golden opportunity for peace which must be seized. D ③ “Leigh，” he said seizing my arm to hold me back. A ④A large quantity of drugs were seized during the raid. C A．v.抓住；捉住 B．v.侵袭；夺取，攻占，控制 C．v.逮捕；捉拿；俘获 D．v.把握(机会、时机、主动等) Ⅴ.①She wore a fine dress made of silk, shining softly under the warm afternoon light. C ②The driver had to pay a fine for parking his car in a no­parking area. E ③The concert last night was so fine that everyone stood up to applaud again and again. A ④I was feeling fine when I got up this morning. B ⑤The factory was fined heavily for producing too much waste water and polluting the river nearby. F ⑥It was a fine morning, the kind that makes you want to walk and breathe deeply. D A．adj.精彩的；美好的 B．adj.健康的 C．adj.好看的；漂亮的 D．adj.晴朗的 E.n.罚款 F.vt.处……以罚金 1．Encourage readers to use the library.Share library announcements on your social media.Frequent them and talk about them when you can.常去，常到 2．Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.刺激 3．Before leaving the lab, he carefully sealed the bottle to prevent the gas from escaping.密封 4．You should check the policy carefully to know what kinds of losses are covered.保险单 5．Libraries usually keep annuals from different years for people to read or research.年刊；年鉴 动词前缀en­ 动词前缀en­主要用于名词或形容词前，其核心含义是“使……成为”或“使……具有某种性质”，即表示使役或转化。 类型 典例 名词前加en­ danger (危险)→ endanger (使危险) courage (勇气)→ encourage (鼓励) slave (奴隶)→ enslave (奴役) title (标题)→ entitle (赋予权利) 形容词前加en­ rich (富裕的)→ enrich (使丰富) able (能够的)→ enable (使能够) large (大的)→ enlarge (使变大) 猜测下列句子中加黑词的含义 1．He entitled his new autobiography “A Long Journey”．给……起名 2．The new policy on data privacy will be enforced starting next month. 执行；实施 3．I was reading history not just for exams, but to enlighten myself about the past. 启发；启迪 投稿——环境保护 你校正在举办以“低碳生活，我们的责任与行动”为主题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．环境现状及保护环境的重要性；2.提出切实可行的建议；3.呼吁大家积极响应。 Ⅰ.完成句子 1．毫无疑问，我们的全球生态正在经历一场严重的危机。(There is no doubt that ..., worldwide, ecology, undergo) There is no doubt that our worldwide ecology is undergoing a serious crisis. 2．过多的碳被排放出来，这不仅对环境造成了巨大危害，还可能导致气候变化，致使一些动物挨饿。(carbon, release, cause damage to, lead to, starve, 非限制性定语从句) Too much carbon is released, which causes great damage to the environment and can lead to climate change, causing some animals to starve. 3．我们再也不能容忍这种情况了。(tolerate) We can no longer tolerate this. 4．我们必须采取措施来维持我们星球的生存。(take measures, sustain) We must take measures to sustain our planet. 5．我们应当支持任何绿色政策，抓住每一个节能的机会，并限制我们对一次性物品的使用。(policy, seize, conservation, restrict) We should support any green policy, seize every chance for energy conservation, and restrict our use of single­use items/products. 6．垃圾分类也很重要。(garbage) Sorting garbage is also important. 7．我代表全体同学，郑重承诺践行低碳生活。(on behalf of, submit) On behalf of all the students, I submit my promise to live a low­carbon life. Ⅱ.连句成篇 Low­carbon Living: Our Responsibility and Action There is no doubt that our worldwide ecology is undergoing a serious crisis. Too much carbon is released, which causes great damage to the environment and can lead to climate change, causing some animals to starve. We can no longer tolerate this. We must take measures to sustain our planet. We should support any green policy, seize every chance for energy conservation, and restrict our use of single­use items/products. Sorting garbage is also important. On behalf of all the students, I submit my promise to live a low­carbon life. Let's act now! [动作细节描写：“脚动”] Step 1　语料积累 教材 语料 亮词 ecology；habitable；sustainable；footprint；basin；jungle；harmonious →harmony；moderate；tropical；sensitive；waterway；starve；release；broadcast；restrict；reform；undergo；submit；restore→restoration；fine；tolerate→tolerant→tolerance 美句 1.There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer. 2．A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate. 3．In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on Norway's Arctic island of Svalbard. 4．It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts，because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. 5．The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most well­known tourist destinations in China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. 6．Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the river's original beauty. 拓展 语料 单词 tiptoe v．踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走；barefoot adj.& adv.赤脚；dance v．雀跃；跳跃；spring v．跳；跃；creep v．悄悄地缓慢行进；chase v．追赶；flee (away) v．逃跑 语块 get/rise to one's feet起立；struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来；jump to one's feet猛地站起、跳起来；spring to one's feet一跃而起；in bare feet光脚；leap to one's feet跳起来；plant one's feet to the ground双脚钉在地上；raise oneself on tiptoe踮起脚尖；stamp one's feet跺脚 句型 1．She slipped out of bed and tiptoed to the window. 她溜下床，踮起脚尖走向窗户。 2．The little man left the cottage with a sad，slow step. 小个子男人迈着忧伤的步子慢慢走出了小屋。 3．She planted her feet firmly to the spot and refused to move. 她牢牢地站在原地，一动也不动。 4．He was so worn out that he lifted his feet to leave as if they were 100 kilos. 他是如此疲惫以至于抬脚离开时好像双脚有千斤重。 5．Disappointed and frustrated，the poor man dragged his feet back home. 这个可怜的人既失望又沮丧，慢腾腾地回家了。 6．He leapt/jumped/sprang to his feet/jumped up and rushed out of the living room. 他一跃而起，冲出起居室。 Step 2　语料运用 一、单句写作 1．听到警报声，人群惊慌失措地逃离了那栋建筑。 Hearing the alarm, the crowd began to flee the building in panic． 2．为了拿到高架子上的书，他不得不踮起脚尖。 He had to raise himself on tiptoe to reach the book on the high shelf. 3．那个任性的孩子因为得不到他想要的东西而跺脚。 The spoiled child stamped his feet because he couldn't get what he wanted. 4．当他听到敲门声时，他猛地从椅子上跳了起来。 He sprang to his feet from his chair when he heard a knock on the door. 5．在炎热的夏日，没有什么比光着脚在凉爽的草地上行走更惬意了。 Nothing is more pleasant than walking on the cool grass in bare feet on a hot summer day. 二、语段补全 [救助受伤的流浪狗] On my way home, I saw a small dog by the roadside. 1.Fearing I might scare it (害怕会吓到它；现在分词作状语), I 2.crept closer (蹑手蹑脚地靠近) . The poor thing 3.struggled to its feet (挣扎着想要站起来) but was too weak to stand. Its legs were trembling, and 4.its feet seemed planted to the ground (双脚仿佛牢牢钉在地上) as it let out a weak cry. When I gently offered it some food, it looked at me with grateful eyes. It was this moment of trust that made my heart dance with warmth. 5.Helping the little creature (帮助这只小生命；v­ing形式作主语), which couldn't help itself, was the best part of my day. 完形填空之词汇复现法 [技法解读] 词汇复现是指某一个词以原词，或同/近义词(如difficult与challenging)、同源词(如happy与happiness)、上下义(如vegetable与eggplant)、反义词(如wrong与right)等形式在同一语篇中重复出现的现象。词汇复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段，我们可以借助这一衔接手段解答完形填空题。 [解题思维] [真题例析] (2025·全国二卷节选) 　　Evelyn Donohue is a 65­year­old grandma. She only started to 41 seven years ago after having a 42.wake­up call. She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43.ultimately led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44.change . Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a 45.healthy lifestyle, before discovering a 46.passion for weightlifting. 41．A．write B． travel C．exercise D．recover 本题可利用同义词复现解题。根据本段最后一句中的“Ms Donohue began to work out ...”可知，她开始锻炼(exercise)。最后一句中的work out和选项exercise是同义词。 参考答案： C 限时规范训练(29) (建议用时：30分钟　满分：42.5分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分) A (2026·皖豫名校联考)Water temperatures in and around Australia's Great Barrier Reef have risen to their warmest in 400 years over the past decade, placing the world's largest reef under threat, according to the research published recently. The reef, the world's largest living ecosystem, stretches for some 2，400 kilometers off the coast of the northern state of Queensland. The research is rare in putting the effects of man­made climate change into historical context, as other surveys on damage to the reef have a shorter time frame. A group of scientists at universities across Australia drilled cores into the coral and, much like counting the rings on a tree, analyzed the samples to measure summer ocean temperatures going back to 1618. Combined with ship and satellite data going back around a hundred years, the results show ocean temperatures that were stable for hundreds of years begin to rise from 1900 onwards as a result of human influence, the research concluded. From 1960 to 2024, the study's authors observed an average annual warming for January to March of 0.12 ℃ (0.22°F) per decade. Since 2016, the reef has experienced five summers of mass coral bleaching, when large sections of the reef turn white due to heat stress, putting them at greater risk of death. These summers were during five of the six warmest years in the last four centuries, the study showed. Coral reefs protect shorelines from erosion, are home to thousands of species of fish, and are an important source of tourism revenue in many countries. At least 54 countries and regions have experienced mass bleaching of their reefs since February 2023 as climate change warms the ocean's surface waters, the U．S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has said. The Great Barrier Reef is not currently on UNESCO's list of world heritage sites that are in danger, though the UN recommends it should be added. Australia has lobbied(游说) for years to keep the reef—which contributes $4.2 billion to the economy annually－off the endangered list, as it could damage tourism. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。最近发表的一项研究显示，在过去的十年里，澳大利亚大堡礁及其周围的水温已经上升到400年来的最高水平，这使得这个世界上最大的珊瑚礁面临威胁。 1．What made the research published recently different from other surveys？(　　) A．The length of time. B．The area it has covered. C．The money it has invested. D．The number of researchers. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，这项研究罕见地将人为气候变化的影响置于历史背景下，因为其他关于珊瑚礁破坏的调查的时间跨度更短。也就是说，这项研究的时间跨度长使其有别于其他研究。故A项正确。 2．How much have ocean temperatures in Australia risen since 1960？(　　) A．About 0.62 ℃.　　 B．About 0.72 ℃. C．About 0.77 ℃. D．About 0.82 ℃. 解析：C　数字计算题。根据第四段可知，由于人类的影响，数百年来一直稳定的海洋温度从1900年开始上升。从1960年到2024年，1月到3月的年平均变暖速度为每十年0.12摄氏度。根据计算可知，0.12/10ⅹ64＝0.77。故C项正确。 3．What can we learn about mass coral bleaching？(　　) A．Human activities are to blame. B．It leads to a decrease of ocean species. C．The reefs change into different colours. D．It happens as a result of ocean pollution. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第四至六段可知，mass coral bleaching指大堡礁的大规模珊瑚白化现象，该现象是由于海水温度上升引起，而海水温度上升是由人类活动导致；另外，该现象发生时，珊瑚礁变白并面临死亡的风险，而非生存于其中的海洋生物面临死亡。故A项正确。 4．Why has Australia tried to keep the reef off the endangered list？(　　) A．For cultural reasons. B．For political reasons. C．For economic reasons. D．For environmental reasons. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，澳大利亚多年来一直在游说，希望将大堡礁从濒危物种名单中删除，因为它可能会损害旅游业。大堡礁每年为澳大利亚经济贡献42亿美元。由此可知澳大利亚这么做是出于经济利益的考虑。故C项正确。 B (课标变化题)Artificial intelligence (AI) is being applied to help save the UK's endangered red squirrels (松鼠).The groundbreaking technology, known as Squirrel Agent，has been trained to spot the difference between red and grey squirrels in order to manage feeders meant for red squirrels and ultimately, control populations. The UK's only native squirrel species, reds have been under threat since the introduction of greys from North America in the late 19th century. Today, greys are thought to number some 2.7 million versus only a few hundred thousand reds.This is largely because greys are bigger, outcompeting reds for food and territory, and carry squirrelpox, a disease deadly to reds.Collectively，these pressures have pushed red squirrels to the edge of extinction. Squirrel Agent, which claims a 97 per cent accuracy rate, recognises reds by their size, shape and weight, and features such as tails, faces and ears.Feeders are then remotely opened for reds or, for greys，kept closed, instead opening traps or encouraging them to consume pills aimed at birth control. “It's a real showcase of what AI can do—it's working in real time to do a task that we don't have enough human volunteers for，” says Emma McClenaghan, co­founder of Genysys Engine, which developed the system. Project Red Haven, as the programme is known, is being tested by five wildlife charities, including the Scottish Wildlife Trust and Ulster Wildlife.But this is just the beginning.It's hoped that the tool's tech will evolve (逐步发展) sufficiently to not only identify different species, but also individuals. “Whiskers(须) are like human fingerprints，”says McClenaghan.By distinguishing squirrels through their whiskers，AI will build data over time to help conservationists track family lines. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。新技术Squirrel Agent经训练后可区分红松鼠与灰松鼠，进而管理喂食器，以控制灰松鼠数量，保护濒危红松鼠。 5．What is the function of the second paragraph？(　　) A．To give a specific example. B．To provide background context. C．To tell of red squirrels' extinction. D．To clarify the species of squirrels. 解析：B　推理判断题。文章首段引出“AI技术Squirrel Agent用于保护红松鼠”这一主题。第二段介绍19世纪末北美灰松鼠引入英国后，本土红松鼠面临威胁，灰松鼠因体型大、竞争优势强且携带致命病毒，导致红松鼠濒临灭绝，这解释了保护红松鼠的原因，为下文详细介绍Squirrel Agent作铺垫，故第二段的作用是提供背景信息。故选B。 [课标变化] 聚焦段落作用，深挖逻辑关联 本题考查推断段落作用，要求从“读段落”升级为“读段落间的关联”，既要理解段落自身信息，更要精准识别其在前后段落中的逻辑功能。此类题目，在新高考全国卷中还未考过，但符合高考英语强化语篇整体把握的命题趋势，对同学们的高阶思维能力提出了更高要求。　　　　 6．How does Squirrel Agent respond to a grey squirrel approaching a feeder？(　　) A．It shuts the feeder and may activate a trap. B．It releases birth control medicine first. C．It keeps the grey away from the feeder. D．It sends an alarm to the human volunteers. 解析：A　细节理解题。第三段的“Feeders are then remotely opened for reds or...birth control.”表明，若识别到红松鼠，Squirrel Agent会远程为它们打开喂食器，若识别到灰松鼠，Squirrel Agent会关闭喂食器，转而启动陷阱，或引导灰松鼠食用节育药物。故选A。 7．What do we know about Project Red Haven？(　　) A．It has been fully applied by wildlife charities. B．It was created by the Scottish Wildlife Trust. C．It is likely to have a more promising future. D．It can accurately identify individual animals. 解析：C　推理判断题。第五段讲Red Haven项目正在5家野生动物慈善机构进行测试，但这只是开始。人们期望该工具的技术能进一步发展，不仅能识别不同物种，还能识别单个个体。这表明该项目目前处于测试阶段，且有明确的技术升级方向，隐含未来发展前景良好的含义。故选C。 8．What can be a suitable title for the text？(　　) A．How Grey Squirrels Outcompete Red Squirrels B．AI Controls Grey Squirrels by Spreading Squirrelpox C．Wildlife Charities Test New Feeder Designs for Squirrels D．New Tech “Squirrel Agent” Can Target Greys at Feeders 解析：D　标题归纳题。本文的第一段是文章的主旨段，即新技术Squirrel Agent通过识别红松鼠与灰松鼠，管理喂食器，进而实现对松鼠种群的调控。再根据第三段的描述可知，在面对灰松鼠时，该技术会关闭喂食器，启动陷阱或引导其食用节育药物。故D项“新技术Squirrel Agent可精准针对喂食器旁的灰松鼠”最适合作本文的标题。 C (2026·湘豫名校模拟)Electric vehicles (EVs) are cars with engines powered by electricity rather than the internal combustion engines (内燃机) found in gasoline­powered cars. Across the world, traditional producers are adding EVs to their product lineups, as well as improving battery technology and vehicle range.In many markets, EVs are now cheaper to operate than traditional gasoline­powered vehicles, though upfront costs are higher.And EVs are only expected to get cheaper.But do they have any advantages in saving our environment? In short, yes.A common sense about EVs is that harvesting the elements needed to produce their batteries is more harmful for the environment than building an ICEV (内燃机汽车) is.Despite the higher greenhouse gas emissions (排放) associated with building EVs, their total emissions over the life of the car can be 40% to 60% lower than the emissions of ICEVs, because EVs do not produce any carbon dioxide when driven. Although the harvesting of rare earth minerals and other elements needed for EV batteries is environmentally harmful, EV batteries can be recycled at the end of their lifetime.For instance, a battery recycling company says it can reclaim 95% of metallic substances such as nickel, copper and cobalt in EV batteries for reuse. Because EVs tend to be heavier than ICEVs and produce higher torque (扭矩), some have argued that EVs wear through tyres more quickly and produce more particulate matter—a harmful material than gas­powered cars do.A study by researchers at the University of Portsmouth in the U．K.found that tyre breakdown accounted for 28% of the world's microplastics. But tyre friction in both ICEVs and EVs produces particulate pollution, and driving style and road quality have bigger impacts on how much pollution is produced, a German tyre producer told The Guardian. Finally, if power plants and car producing plants increasingly use renewable sources of energy, the initial emissions associated with making EVs will approach zero.ICEVs, in comparison, will always release CO2. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨电动汽车是否比传统内燃机汽车更环保，指出前者虽制造过程碳排放高、电池矿物开采有害，但全生命周期碳排放更低、电池可回收，且未来随可再生能源普及其环保性将提升。 9．What is a difference in cost between EVs and ICEVs？(　　) A．ICEVs need cheaper repairs. B．ICEVs save more on fuel. C．EVs have lower upfront costs. D．EVs have less driving expense. 解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“In many markets, EVs are now cheaper to operate than traditional gasoline­powered vehicles, though upfront costs are higher.”可知，电动汽车与内燃机汽车在成本上的差异是电动汽车的行驶成本更低。故选D。 10．What does the example of the battery recycling company show about EV battery recycling？(　　) A．It recovers more renewable items. B．It is not yet widely adopted in EVs. C．It causes new environmental problems. D．It focuses on non­metallic elements. 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第四段中“For instance, a battery recycling company says it can reclaim 95% of metallic substances such as nickel, copper and cobalt in EV batteries for reuse.”可知，这家电池回收公司的例子表明电动汽车电池回收能回收大量可重复利用的金属物质，即回收更多可再利用物品。故选A。 11．Why might future EVs be even better for the environment？(　　) A．They will use fewer rare Earth minerals. B．More industries may use renewable energy. C．They will become lighter than traditional cars. D．Tyre technology will stop producing microplastics. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Finally, if power plants and car producing plants increasingly use renewable sources of energy, the initial emissions associated with making EVs will approach zero.”可知，未来电动汽车对环境更友好的原因可能是更多行业(如发电厂、汽车制造厂)会使用可再生能源。故选B。 12．What can be a suitable title for the text？(　　) A．How Are EV Batteries Recycled? B．EVs VS ICEVs: Cost Comparison C．The Future of Renewable Energy in Cars D．More Environmentally Friendly, ICEVs or EVs? 解析：D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章围绕“电动汽车是否比内燃机汽车更环保”展开，对比两者在碳排放、电池回收、轮胎污染等方面的差异，最后指出若更多行业使用可再生能源，电动汽车环保优势将更明显。故选D。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分) (2025·日照检测)April 22, 2025 was the 55th celebration of Earth Day.This year's theme was “Our Power, Our Planet”， with a focus on how rapidly growing renewable energy sources are promising hope in the fight against the climate crisis. Earth Day is a day set aside to remind people to protect our planet, which is held on April 22 every year. 1 ．The push to create Earth Day led to a wider environmental movement.By the 1990s, the idea of Earth Day had spread around the world. In 2025, there are many reasons to be concerned about the climate crisis.Fossil fuels are still in widespread use and many regions suffer from significantly worse pollution. 2 That's especially true in the area of renewable energy－the focus of Earth Day this year. 3 Last year, for example, for the first time ever, the US got more electricity from wind and solar power than it did from coal.Texas, a state with strong ties to fossil fuels, created more wind energy than any other US state.In the United Kingdom last year, renewable energy sources created more electricity than fossil fuels for the first time ever. One of the biggest changes to electrical grids(输电网) recently is the addition of massive batteries.Batteries, like geothermal(地热的) power, work all the time, day and night.Last year the US added over 10 GW of battery storage to the grid, bringing the total to over 20 GW. 4 US battery storage could more than double by the end of 2025. 5 But the rapid growth in clean energy is a promising sign that in some areas, at least, great progress is being made. A．It began in the US in 1970 after a bad oil spill. B．That's as much power as 20 nuclear power plants. C．The climate crisis must be solved with effect measures. D．There are many success stories around renewable energy. E．Despite those concerns, great progress is still being made. F．The climate crisis is still a huge challenge that the world must face. G．Grassroots people­power has always been at the heart of Earth Day. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了2025年第55个地球日以及人们在应对气候危机方面所取得的进展。 1．解析：A　本段简要介绍地球日，A项符合语境，说明地球日的起源。A项中的It指代上文提到的Earth Day。 2．解析：E　上文指出令人悲观的一面：化石燃料仍在广泛使用，环境污染仍然非常严重；下文列举了一些令人乐观的事实。E项正好承上启下，符合语境。 3．解析：D　下文列举了一些在使用可再生能源方面取得成功的案例，D项正好适合作为本段的主题句。 4．解析：B　上句指出：去年，美国向电网增加了超过10吉瓦的电池储能，使总容量超过20吉瓦。B项(这相当于20座核电站的发电量。)则是对这一电池储能的补充说明。 5．解析：F　下句以But开头说明清洁能源的快速增长，这属于积极信息，前面则应该是消极信息构成转折，故F项符合语境。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $