精品解析：安徽合肥市庐江县2025-2026学年度高二下期末考试英语试题

2025/2026学年度第二学期期末抽测 (B) 卷 高二英语试题 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. When will the client arrive? A. At 1:40 pm. B. At 2:10 pm. C. At 2:40 pm. 2. Who is the girl? A. Alice’s daughter. B. Alice’s niece. C. Alice’s sister. 3. How much should the man pay for the book? A. $30. B. $20. C. $14. 4. What does the woman mean? A. She will take their camera. B. She will take photos with her phone. C. She doesn’t feel like taking photos. 5. What does John enjoy doing in his free time now? A. Going running. B. Trying out new dishes. C. Watching short videos. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听下面的录音，回答第6，7题。 6. What’s wrong with the toy car? A. Its batteries go dead. B. The wheels are broken C. It has an internal problem. 7. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a repair center. B. In a factory. C. In a toy store. 听下面的录音，回答第8，9题。 8. Why does Shirley feel upset? A. She is stuck with a project. B. She doesn’t have any new ideas. C. She has trouble gathering information. 9. What does the man suggest Shirley do? A. Change her topic. B. Talk to her professor. C. Ask her friends for help. 听下面的录音，回答第10至12题。 10. How often does the man volunteer? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a month. 11. Who is unsuitable for the volunteer program? A. A 10-year-old student. B. A 30-year-old teacher. C. A 50-year-old doctor. 12. What does the man find most rewarding about volunteering? A. Gaining valuable skills. B. Expanding social circles. C. Understanding others better. 听下面的录音，回答第13至16题。 13. What did Mr Dawson ask the woman to do? A. Meet a new client. B. Organize a meeting. C. Form a team for a new project. 14. Why does the man come to the woman? A. To volunteer for market research. B. To handle budget planning. C. To ask for a promotion. 15. What will the two speakers do next? A. Call Barret and Calvin. B. Go downstairs for lunch. C. Have a meeting. 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Colleagues. C. Teacher and student. 听下面的录音，回答第17至20题。 17. Who might the speaker be talking to? A. Students on a field trip. B. Tourists on a vacation tour. C. Volunteers at a nature cleanup event. 18. Why is a light jacket recommended? A. To prevent insect bites. B. To protect against strong sunlight. C. To keep warm in the forest. 19. What should the listeners do at the end of the hike? A. Submit a report. B. Collect their trash. C. Take a photo together. 20. What is the main purpose of this announcement? A. To offer some useful tips. B. To promote the field trip. C. To assign some homework. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A This summer, the “Seeking Chinese Culture” program invites you to explore 12 unique traditional camps. Here are 4 highlights of our cultural journey designed to inspire the next generation. Kung Fu Camp Unlock your inner strength! Under the guidance of professional Shaolin masters, you will learn basic martial arts movements and the history of Kung Fu. Beyond physical training, you will explore the deep philosophy of balance and learn the importance of “Wude”, which emphasizes discipline and respect for others. Peking Opera Camp Step onto the grand stage and enter a world of color. You will discover the beauty of “Sheng, Dan, Jing, and Chou” roles through expert demonstrations. You will personally design your own symbolic facial painting and perform a classic scene in traditional costumes on the final night for all visitors. Chinese Calligraphy Camp Experience the “Four Treasures of the Study” in a peaceful courtyard. You will master the basic strokes (笔画) of Chinese characters using professional ink and bamboo brushes. By practicing this ancient art, you will improve your focus and eventually create a beautiful silk scroll (卷轴) that can serve as a decoration in your home. Traditional Tea Ceremony Camp For a group preferring a quiet afternoon, this is the perfect choice. You will learn how to identify various tea leaves, use delicate ceramic (陶瓷的) tea sets, and perform the elegant steps of a formal ceremony. This experience helps you understand the spirit of harmony while you’re enjoying the pleasant smell of high-quality green tea in a relaxing atmosphere. 1. In which camp can participants create an artwork to take home? A. Kung Fu Camp. B. Peking Opera Camp. C. Chinese Calligraphy Camp. D. Traditional Tea Ceremony Camp. 2. Who would find the Traditional Tea Ceremony Camp appealing? A. Those seeking a peaceful experience. B. Those interested in group activities. C. Those eager to taste a wide variety of tea. D. Those wanting to learn about the tea business. 3. What do the four camps have in common? A. They all involve physical training. B. They all end with a public performance. C. They all focus on the history of Chinese arts. D. They all include hands-on cultural experiences. B A new study has found that breathing does more than just move air in and out of your lungs — it could even be used to identify who you are. Scientists at Israel’s Weizmann Institute of Science discovered that each person has a distinct breathing pattern, known as a nasal (鼻的) breathing “fingerprint”, a unique pattern that reveals clues about a person’s physical and mental health. Notably, brain scientist Timna Soroka shared, “We were able to identify differences between less depressed and non-depressed individuals.” The researchers originally set out to better understand how our sense of smell works. In humans, the brain processes smell during inhalation (吸入), and this close connection between the brain and breathing led the team to wonder: could our breathing patterns reflect the way our brains are wired — and be unique to each of us? To explore this question, they developed a lightweight, wearable device that tracks nasal airflow continuously for 24 hours. The study, published in the journal Current Biology, tested 100 healthy young adults as they went about their regular routines — running, studying, resting, and more. The results showed breathing patterns can identify individuals with 96.8 percent accuracy. “I thought it would be really hard to identify someone because everyone is doing different things,” said Soroka. “But it turns out their breathing patterns were remarkably distinct!” Beyond individual identification, the study also found clear links between breathing patterns and body mass index (BMI), sleep-wake cycles, and mental health traits such as anxiety and depression. For example, people who scored higher on anxiety tests tended to have shorter inhalation periods. Importantly, the researchers noted that they only know there is an association between breathing and mood, but they don’t know the cause-and-effect direction — whether feeling anxious changes breathing, or a certain breathing pattern causes anxiety. If the latter is true, changing how we breathe could potentially improve mood. However, the current device has drawbacks: it uses soft tubes under the nose that can be uncomfortable to wear and may slip during sleep, and it doesn’t track mouth breathing. The team is working on improving the device and further exploring the breathing-mood connection to unlock more practical applications. 4. Why is breathing “fingerprint” mentioned? A. To explain how the brain processes smell. B. To introduce a newly-invented tracking device. C. To show a link between breathing and depression. D. To stress the uniqueness of personal breathing pattern. 5. What does the underlined word mean? A. Connected. B. Powered. C. Controlled. D. Trained. 6. What can we infer about the relationship between breathing and mood? A. Changes in breath cure anxiety. B. Anxiety always causes abnormal breathing. C. Their exact relationship remains unclear. D. Breathing is responsible for negative mood. 7. What is the main finding of this research? A. Our fingerprints tell a lot about our health. B. Breathing patterns link to identity and health. C. A groundbreaking device reveals mental health. D. Anxiety levels link to shorter inhalation periods. C It had been more than ten years since the three sisters had been together like this, their eyes filled with tears. The eldest sister, 110-year-old Rubye, stayed warm under a soft blanket. Her two younger sisters — 104-year-old Ruth and 101-year-old Rose — held one of her hands each. They chatted about their favorite old stories, laughing happily. This warm family get-together was made possible by Wish of a Lifetime, a charity group. It paid for Rose to fly from Florida and Ruth from Oklahoma, so they could visit Rubye at her nursing home in Rhode Island. The group was started by Jeremy Bloom, a former Olympic skier and football player. When he traveled around the world as an athlete, he found that people in other countries respected and cared for old people much more than people did in America. Bloom first got the idea when he was 15. He went to Asia for a ski race and saw an old woman walking slowly to get on a bus. Many passengers offered to help her, which touched him deeply. The idea stayed in his mind for ten years before he turned it into the Wish of a Lifetime group: Though Bloom had many great moments in sports — competing in two Olympics, making a long football pass in college, and being chosen by a top football team, he often worried about finding a new goal after his sports career ended. In 2008, Bloom set up the charity group. He copied the idea of the Make-A-Wish Foundation, which helps sick kids make their wishes come true, and used it to help old people. whether they were sick or not. Today, Wish of a Lifetime has 26 full-time workers and about 25,000 volunteers across the country. It gets money from people’s donations and company support. So far, it has helped make 3,000 wishes come true. Bloom now works as the CEO of X Games, but he once spent all his time on this charity, hoping to change-as-many-old-people’s lives as possible. 8. What made the three sisters’ get-together possible? A. A charity group provided financial support for their trip. B. The three sisters saved money for the reunion for years. C. Rubye’s nursing home offered free accommodation for her sisters. D. Local volunteers helped the two younger sisters go to Rhode Island. 9. Who first inspired Jeremy Bloom to have the idea of setting up the charity? A. A passenger who helped him on a bus in Asia. B. An elderly woman he saw in Asia during a ski race. C. His coach who encouraged him to help the elderly D. A volunteer from the Make-A-Wish Foundation. 10. What can we infer about Jeremy Bloom from the text? A. He learned the charity concept from his family members. B. He came up with the charity idea when he was 25 years old. C. He gave up his sports career to concentrate on running the charity. D. He once felt uncertain about his future after his sports career ended. 11. What can be concluded about Wish of a Lifetime from the passage? A. It aims to improve elderly people’s medical conditions. B. It totally depends on Jeremy Bloom’s personal efforts. C. It draws inspiration from a well-known charity for children. D. It has realized most senior citizens’ long-cherished wishes. D David Uttal a scientist at Northwestern University, has always been poor at finding his way. At 13, he got lost on a Boy Scout hike for two and a half days. The world is full of people like Uttal and their opposites, the folks who always seem to know exactly where they are and how to get where they want to go. These differences are clear, but explaining them has proved challenging. Now, research using virtual (虚拟) reality suggests that to some degree, navigational (导航的) skills are shaped by upbringing. A 2020 study stressed this. The researchers compared the performance of more than 2,600 twins as they navigated through a virtual environment to test whether navigational ability runs in families. It does, they found — but only slightly. Instead, the biggest contributor to people’s performance was what geneticists (基因学家) call “nonshared environmental factors” — the unique experiences each person acquires as he grows. Good navigators, it appears, are mostly made, not born. Another larger experiment provided further proof. Researchers developed a smartphone game, “Sea Hero Quest” in which players navigate through a virtual environment to locate checkpoints. Based on data from nearly four million players worldwide, they discovered that cultural factors were linked to wayfinding skills. People from Nordic countries, where the navigation sport of orienteering is popular, performed slightly better. Results like these suggest that life experience may be one of the biggest factors of navigational ability. Indeed, experience may even act as one of the most common findings in navigation: that men tend to perform better than women. Turns out this gender (性别) difference is more a question of culture and experience than of born ability. Nordic countries, for example, where gender equality is greatest, show almost no gender difference in navigation. However, men far outperform women in places where women face cultural limits on exploring their environment. To Uttal, these findings carry an optimistic meaning. “The good news is that navigation is trainable” he notes, “It’s never too late to become a better navigator. You just need to give yourself opportunities to explore and pay attention to your environment.” 12. What did the 2020 study on twins reveal about navigational ability? A. It is largely decided by genes. B. It is learned through experience. C. It varies little among individuals. D. It remains unchanged in a person’s life. 13. How was the “Sea Hero Quest” experiment carried out? A. By testing brain activity during play B. By observing how players navigate. C. By comparing the Nordics with others. D. By studying smartphone game data. 14. Why do men often outperform women in navigation? A. Men benefit from practicing sports. B. Women lack interest in doing so. C. Men have stronger space memory. D. Women have fewer chances to explore. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. What Can “Sea Hero Quest” Teach Us? B. Why Do Some People Always Get Lost? C. How Does VR Improve Navigational Skills? D. Who Are Better Navigators: Men or Women? 第二节 七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why Your Brain Prefers Junk Food? Have you ever wondered why a bag of chips is so much more appealing than an apple? The answer lies not in your willpower but in your brain’s ancient reward system. Over millions of years, human brains evolved to seek out high-calorie foods because they provided the energy needed for survival. ____16____ Modern food companies have learned to use this biological weakness. By combining salt, sugar, and fat in precise ratios, they create what scientists call “highly appealing” foods. These foods cause a much stronger dopamine(多巴胺) release in the brain than natural foods do. ____17____ As a result, you find yourself reaching for another cookie even when you are not hungry. ____18____ Long-term exposure to highly appealing foods can actually rewire your brain's reward circuits. Over time, you need more and more of these foods to feel the same level of pleasure. This is similar to how drug addiction develops. Meanwhile, natural foods like vegetables begin to taste less satisfying by comparison. So how can you fight back against your own brain? ____19____ If you keep unhealthy snacks out of sight or simply do not buy them, you reduce the constant temptation. Another powerful strategy is mindful eating — paying full attention to the taste, texture, and smell of each bite. This practice helps your brain relearn to appreciate natural flavors. Understanding the neuroscience of food preference does not mean you are powerless. ____20____ Small, consistent changes in your daily habits can gradually help your brain learn to prefer healthier options. The key is patience, not punishment. A. One effective method is to change your food environment. B. Fortunately, you can use this knowledge to your advantage. C. The reason has nothing to do with genetics or personal taste. D. Slowly introducing more whole foods can help correct the change. E. That explains why some people lose control around processed foods. F. This intense pleasure signal overcomes the brain’s natural fullness signal. G. However, the same mechanism now works against us in today's world of cheap calories. 第三部分 语言运用 (共三节，满分35分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last summer vacation, I joined an environmental organization as a volunteer in a South American rainforest. Our ____21____ was to protect endangered species. At first, everything was perfect — the thick trees, rare birds and warm-hearted villagers. But soon, I noticed something strange. Whenever we set up cameras to ____22____ illegal logging, they were mysteriously destroyed. One night, I heard noises outside our cabin (小木屋). Hiding behind a tree, I saw two teenagers from the village hitting our equipment hard. ____23____, I confronted (对峙) them. They shouted angrily, “You foreigners don’t understand! Our families need land to farm. If we stop cutting trees, we’ll starve!” Their words ____24____ me deeply. Later, I learned their river had been polluted, ____25____ them to rely on forest resources. Instead of anger, I chose complete ____26____. We built a simple water filter (滤水器) using bamboo and sand and taught villagers to purify the polluted river. Gradually, trust ____27____. We also introduced sustainable farming techniques. Three months later, the same teenagers helped us ____28____ small trees. “Now we see the forest is our future, not just firewood,” one said ____29____. On our last day, I stood on a hill ____30____ the recovering greenery beneath. An elder whispered, “Nature heals when hearts change.” True conservation isn’t about orders but ____31____ between people. What really ____32____ is handling problems properly and being full of hope. Protecting Earth begins with being ____33____. Conservation work is a long-term journey full of ____34____ and consideration. Only with devotion and emotion can environmental work make a real ____35____. 21. A. business B. hobby C. mission D. secret 22. A. recognize B. rescue C. survive D. monitor 23. A. Shocked B. Worried C. Scared D. Bored 24. A. attracted B. relieved C. struck D. panicked 25. A. forbidding B. forcing C. sending D. instructing 26. A. anger B. consideration C. doubt D. regret 27. A. formed B. existed C. broke D. faded 28. A. shake B. shade C. plant D. remove 29. A. awkwardly B. bitterly C. anxiously D. smilingly 30. A. overlooking B. identifying C. confirming D. noticing 31. A. behaviors B. bridges C. traps D. limits 32. A. inspires B. improves C. matters D. challenges 33. A. demanding B. experienced C. serious D. understanding 34. A. patience B. imagination C. curiosity D. bravery 35. A. choice B. difference C. judgement D. profit 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wu Zhenpeng, a 32-year-old IT engineer from Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, was hailing a taxi (招手叫车) to reach home after work. A few minutes later, a robotaxi approached, with no driver or operator ____36____ (sit) inside, and soon Wu was on his way back. “The driverless vehicle operated ____37____ (smooth) without sudden braking (刹车),” Wu said. The large-scale commercial use of self-driving technology could become ____38____ reality sooner than expected, and is likely to revolutionize urban transport due to its ____39____ (great) efficiency in comparison with traditional vehicles, industry experts said. However, the fast-developing technology still faces some challenges and limitations, including ____40____ to ensure reliability and ____41____ (safe), especially in complex situations, and public concerns over job losses for regular taxi drivers. China has taken a lead in the research and development as well as the application of autonomous driving technology in recent years. ____42____ (promote) the commercialization of self-driving vehicles, it has also introduced a series of policies. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology ____43____ (select) 20 cities earlier this month to participate in a pilot program, ____44____ theme was centered on “vehicle-road-cloud integration” for intelligently connected vehicles. The move aims to combine intelligent vehicles ____45____ environmental and cloud-based control systems, paving the way for enhanced security and efficiency in autonomous driving technology. 第四部分 写作 第一节 应用文写作 (15分) 46. 你校英文报社将举行主题为“体育塑造心灵”的征文活动。请以“Sports Shape Souls”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.你的运动经历； 2.你的感想。 注意： 1.词数 80 左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 Sports Shape Souls ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Bud joined us when his original owner couldn’t keep him. In the few months he’d been with us, we came to love the lovely dog, and we all knew that he loved us, too. But he’d developed one habit in his former life: no amount of coaxing (试图劝诱) could make him come into the house. “Some dogs prefer to stay outside,” I explained to the kids on those summer nights when Bud slept in our yard. Now, with winter coming, I worried how Bud would stay warm outside. I kept wondering what kind of doghouse I could build for Bud. I turned the problem over in my mind every day, but winter was almost upon us and I still didn’t know where to start. One night I got home from work exhausted. I fell into bed and had a dream. It felt so real. I was in a forest, trees surrounding me on all sides. A giant man, as tall as the trees, stepped slowly out of the woods. He looked like an old-fashioned woodsman from a fairy tale. The woodsman looked down at me and smiled, then began to speak. Not with words exactly—but I understood him. He was giving me instructions on how to build a box. He gave me the exact dimensions how wide, how long and how high. Coat the box with pitch (沥青), inside and out, to weatherproof (防风防雨) it. There was a lot of information, but somehow I felt sure I’d remember it all. His message delivered, he disappeared into the trees. What a dream! It stayed with me all day. That weekend I got a call from my brother. “A friend has offered me some wood. Do you need some? I’ll share some with you.” “Sure,” I said, thinking this might be exactly the wood I needed. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I thanked my brother and hurried over to pick up the wood that afternoon. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We took Bud to see the newly-built doghouse. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025/2026学年度第二学期期末抽测 (B) 卷 高二英语试题 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分) 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. When will the client arrive? A. At 1:40 pm. B. At 2:10 pm. C. At 2:40 pm. 2. Who is the girl? A. Alice’s daughter. B. Alice’s niece. C. Alice’s sister. 3. How much should the man pay for the book? A. $30. B. $20. C. $14. 4. What does the woman mean? A. She will take their camera. B. She will take photos with her phone. C. She doesn’t feel like taking photos. 5. What does John enjoy doing in his free time now? A. Going running. B. Trying out new dishes. C. Watching short videos. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听下面的录音，回答第6，7题。 6. What’s wrong with the toy car? A. Its batteries go dead. B. The wheels are broken C. It has an internal problem. 7. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a repair center. B. In a factory. C. In a toy store. 听下面的录音，回答第8，9题。 8. Why does Shirley feel upset? A. She is stuck with a project. B. She doesn’t have any new ideas. C. She has trouble gathering information. 9. What does the man suggest Shirley do? A. Change her topic. B. Talk to her professor. C. Ask her friends for help. 听下面的录音，回答第10至12题。 10. How often does the man volunteer? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a month. 11. Who is unsuitable for the volunteer program? A. A 10-year-old student. B. A 30-year-old teacher. C. A 50-year-old doctor. 12. What does the man find most rewarding about volunteering? A. Gaining valuable skills. B. Expanding social circles. C. Understanding others better. 听下面的录音，回答第13至16题。 13. What did Mr Dawson ask the woman to do? A. Meet a new client. B. Organize a meeting. C. Form a team for a new project. 14. Why does the man come to the woman? A. To volunteer for market research. B. To handle budget planning. C. To ask for a promotion. 15. What will the two speakers do next? A. Call Barret and Calvin. B. Go downstairs for lunch. C. Have a meeting. 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Interviewer and interviewee. B. Colleagues. C. Teacher and student. 听下面的录音，回答第17至20题。 17. Who might the speaker be talking to? A. Students on a field trip. B. Tourists on a vacation tour. C. Volunteers at a nature cleanup event. 18. Why is a light jacket recommended? A. To prevent insect bites. B. To protect against strong sunlight. C. To keep warm in the forest. 19. What should the listeners do at the end of the hike? A. Submit a report. B. Collect their trash. C. Take a photo together. 20. What is the main purpose of this announcement? A. To offer some useful tips. B. To promote the field trip. C. To assign some homework. 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A This summer, the “Seeking Chinese Culture” program invites you to explore 12 unique traditional camps. Here are 4 highlights of our cultural journey designed to inspire the next generation. Kung Fu Camp Unlock your inner strength! Under the guidance of professional Shaolin masters, you will learn basic martial arts movements and the history of Kung Fu. Beyond physical training, you will explore the deep philosophy of balance and learn the importance of “Wude”, which emphasizes discipline and respect for others. Peking Opera Camp Step onto the grand stage and enter a world of color. You will discover the beauty of “Sheng, Dan, Jing, and Chou” roles through expert demonstrations. You will personally design your own symbolic facial painting and perform a classic scene in traditional costumes on the final night for all visitors. Chinese Calligraphy Camp Experience the “Four Treasures of the Study” in a peaceful courtyard. You will master the basic strokes (笔画) of Chinese characters using professional ink and bamboo brushes. By practicing this ancient art, you will improve your focus and eventually create a beautiful silk scroll (卷轴) that can serve as a decoration in your home. Traditional Tea Ceremony Camp For a group preferring a quiet afternoon, this is the perfect choice. You will learn how to identify various tea leaves, use delicate ceramic (陶瓷的) tea sets, and perform the elegant steps of a formal ceremony. This experience helps you understand the spirit of harmony while you’re enjoying the pleasant smell of high-quality green tea in a relaxing atmosphere. 1. In which camp can participants create an artwork to take home? A. Kung Fu Camp. B. Peking Opera Camp. C. Chinese Calligraphy Camp. D. Traditional Tea Ceremony Camp. 2. Who would find the Traditional Tea Ceremony Camp appealing? A. Those seeking a peaceful experience. B. Those interested in group activities. C. Those eager to taste a wide variety of tea. D. Those wanting to learn about the tea business. 3. What do the four camps have in common? A. They all involve physical training. B. They all end with a public performance. C. They all focus on the history of Chinese arts. D. They all include hands-on cultural experiences. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，主要介绍了Seeking Chinese Culture项目的四个特色夏令营。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Chinese Calligraphy Camp部分“ By practicing this ancient art, you will improve your focus and eventually create a beautiful silk scroll (卷轴) that can serve as a decoration in your home.(通过练习这门古老的艺术，您将提高专注力，并最终制作出一幅精美的丝绸卷轴，可作为您家中的装饰品)”可知，中国书法夏令营的参与者最终会创作一幅丝绸卷轴，并可以作为家居装饰品带回家。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Traditional Tea Ceremony Camp部分“This experience helps you understand the spirit of harmony while you’re enjoying the pleasant smell of high-quality green tea in a relaxing atmosphere.(这种体验让您在轻松的氛围中享受优质绿茶的宜人香气的同时，领会到和谐的精神)”可知，该夏令营最突出的是其提供的安静、优雅、放松的体验，因此它可能吸引那些寻求平静体验的人。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Kung Fu Camp部分“Beyond physical training, you will explore the deep philosophy of balance and learn the importance of “Wude”, which emphasizes discipline and respect for others.(除了体能训练之外，您还将探索平衡的深层哲理，并了解“武德”（强调自律和对他人尊重）的重要性)”；Peking Opera Camp部分“You will personally design your own symbolic facial painting and perform a classic scene in traditional costumes on the final night for all visitors.(在最后一天的晚上，您将亲自设计自己的象征性面部妆容，并身着传统服饰演绎一个经典场景，向所有参观者展示)”；Chinese Calligraphy Camp部分“By practicing this ancient art, you will improve your focus and eventually create a beautiful silk scroll (卷轴) that can serve as a decoration in your home.(通过练习这种古老的技艺，您将能够提高专注力，并最终制作出一幅精美的丝质画卷，用作您家中的装饰品)”及Traditional Tea Ceremony Camp部分“You will learn how to identify various tea leaves, use delicate ceramic (陶瓷的) tea sets, and perform the elegant steps of a formal ceremony.(您将学习如何识别各种茶叶，使用精致的陶瓷茶具，并掌握正式仪式的优雅步骤)”可知，四个夏令营都提供了亲身体验文化的机会（武术动作练习、京剧脸谱设计与表演、书法练习、茶道实践），因此共同点是都包含动手实践的文化体验。故选D。 B A new study has found that breathing does more than just move air in and out of your lungs — it could even be used to identify who you are. Scientists at Israel’s Weizmann Institute of Science discovered that each person has a distinct breathing pattern, known as a nasal (鼻的) breathing “fingerprint”, a unique pattern that reveals clues about a person’s physical and mental health. Notably, brain scientist Timna Soroka shared, “We were able to identify differences between less depressed and non-depressed individuals.” The researchers originally set out to better understand how our sense of smell works. In humans, the brain processes smell during inhalation (吸入), and this close connection between the brain and breathing led the team to wonder: could our breathing patterns reflect the way our brains are wired — and be unique to each of us? To explore this question, they developed a lightweight, wearable device that tracks nasal airflow continuously for 24 hours. The study, published in the journal Current Biology, tested 100 healthy young adults as they went about their regular routines — running, studying, resting, and more. The results showed breathing patterns can identify individuals with 96.8 percent accuracy. “I thought it would be really hard to identify someone because everyone is doing different things,” said Soroka. “But it turns out their breathing patterns were remarkably distinct!” Beyond individual identification, the study also found clear links between breathing patterns and body mass index (BMI), sleep-wake cycles, and mental health traits such as anxiety and depression. For example, people who scored higher on anxiety tests tended to have shorter inhalation periods. Importantly, the researchers noted that they only know there is an association between breathing and mood, but they don’t know the cause-and-effect direction — whether feeling anxious changes breathing, or a certain breathing pattern causes anxiety. If the latter is true, changing how we breathe could potentially improve mood. However, the current device has drawbacks: it uses soft tubes under the nose that can be uncomfortable to wear and may slip during sleep, and it doesn’t track mouth breathing. The team is working on improving the device and further exploring the breathing-mood connection to unlock more practical applications. 4. Why is breathing “fingerprint” mentioned? A. To explain how the brain processes smell. B. To introduce a newly-invented tracking device. C. To show a link between breathing and depression. D. To stress the uniqueness of personal breathing pattern. 5. What does the underlined word mean? A. Connected. B. Powered. C. Controlled. D. Trained. 6. What can we infer about the relationship between breathing and mood? A. Changes in breath cure anxiety. B. Anxiety always causes abnormal breathing. C. Their exact relationship remains unclear. D. Breathing is responsible for negative mood. 7. What is the main finding of this research? A. Our fingerprints tell a lot about our health. B. Breathing patterns link to identity and health. C. A groundbreaking device reveals mental health. D. Anxiety levels link to shorter inhalation periods. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一项新研究发现呼吸模式具有独特性，可用于身份识别，且与身心健康指标存在关联。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Scientists at Israel’s Weizmann Institute of Science discovered that each person has a distinct breathing pattern, known as a nasal (鼻的) breathing “fingerprint”, a unique pattern that reveals clues about a person’s physical and mental health. (以色列魏茨曼科学研究所的科学家发现，每个人都有独特的呼吸模式，被称为鼻呼吸“指纹”，这种独特的模式能揭示出一个人身心健康的相关线索。)”可知，提到呼吸“指纹”是为了强调个人呼吸模式的独特性。故选D项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“In humans, the brain processes smell during inhalation (吸入), and this close connection between the brain and breathing led the team to wonder: could our breathing patterns reflect the way our brains are wired—and be unique to each of us? (人类的大脑在吸气过程中处理气味信息，大脑与呼吸之间的这种紧密联系让研究团队产生了一个疑问：我们的呼吸模式是否能反映出大脑的连接方式——并且每个人的模式都是独一无二的呢？)”可知，此处“wired”指的是大脑内部的神经连接方式，与“Connected”意思相近。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Importantly, the researchers noted that they only know there is an association between breathing and mood, but they don’t know the cause-and-effect direction — whether feeling anxious changes breathing, or a certain breathing pattern causes anxiety. (重要的是，研究人员指出，他们只知道呼吸和情绪之间存在关联，但并不知道两者之间的因果关系——究竟是焦虑情绪改变了呼吸，还是某种呼吸模式引发了焦虑。)”可知，呼吸和情绪之间的确切关系目前仍不明确。故选C项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A new study has found that breathing does more than just move air in and out of your lungs — it could even be used to identify who you are.(一项新研究发现，呼吸的作用绝不仅仅是让空气在肺部进出 —— 它甚至还能用来识别个人身份。)”以及第四段中的“Beyond individual identification, the study also found clear links between breathing patterns and body mass index (BMI), sleep-wake cycles, and mental health traits such as anxiety and depression. (除了用于身份识别外，该研究还发现呼吸模式与身体质量指数、睡眠-觉醒周期以及焦虑、抑郁等心理健康特征之间存在明显关联。)”可知，这项研究的主要发现是呼吸模式与身份识别和健康状况都存在关联。故选B项。 C It had been more than ten years since the three sisters had been together like this, their eyes filled with tears. The eldest sister, 110-year-old Rubye, stayed warm under a soft blanket. Her two younger sisters — 104-year-old Ruth and 101-year-old Rose — held one of her hands each. They chatted about their favorite old stories, laughing happily. This warm family get-together was made possible by Wish of a Lifetime, a charity group. It paid for Rose to fly from Florida and Ruth from Oklahoma, so they could visit Rubye at her nursing home in Rhode Island. The group was started by Jeremy Bloom, a former Olympic skier and football player. When he traveled around the world as an athlete, he found that people in other countries respected and cared for old people much more than people did in America. Bloom first got the idea when he was 15. He went to Asia for a ski race and saw an old woman walking slowly to get on a bus. Many passengers offered to help her, which touched him deeply. The idea stayed in his mind for ten years before he turned it into the Wish of a Lifetime group: Though Bloom had many great moments in sports — competing in two Olympics, making a long football pass in college, and being chosen by a top football team, he often worried about finding a new goal after his sports career ended. In 2008, Bloom set up the charity group. He copied the idea of the Make-A-Wish Foundation, which helps sick kids make their wishes come true, and used it to help old people. whether they were sick or not. Today, Wish of a Lifetime has 26 full-time workers and about 25,000 volunteers across the country. It gets money from people’s donations and company support. So far, it has helped make 3,000 wishes come true. Bloom now works as the CEO of X Games, but he once spent all his time on this charity, hoping to change-as-many-old-people’s lives as possible. 8. What made the three sisters’ get-together possible? A. A charity group provided financial support for their trip. B. The three sisters saved money for the reunion for years. C. Rubye’s nursing home offered free accommodation for her sisters. D. Local volunteers helped the two younger sisters go to Rhode Island. 9. Who first inspired Jeremy Bloom to have the idea of setting up the charity? A. A passenger who helped him on a bus in Asia. B. An elderly woman he saw in Asia during a ski race. C. His coach who encouraged him to help the elderly D. A volunteer from the Make-A-Wish Foundation. 10. What can we infer about Jeremy Bloom from the text? A. He learned the charity concept from his family members. B. He came up with the charity idea when he was 25 years old. C. He gave up his sports career to concentrate on running the charity. D. He once felt uncertain about his future after his sports career ended. 11. What can be concluded about Wish of a Lifetime from the passage? A. It aims to improve elderly people’s medical conditions. B. It totally depends on Jeremy Bloom’s personal efforts. C. It draws inspiration from a well-known charity for children. D. It has realized most senior citizens’ long-cherished wishes. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了Jeremy Bloom创立的慈善组织“Wish of a Lifetime”帮助老年人实现团聚愿望的故事。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This warm family get-together was made possible by Wish of a Lifetime, a charity group. It paid for Rose to fly from Florida and Ruth from Oklahoma, so they could visit Rubye at her nursing home in Rhode Island. (这次温馨的家庭聚会是由慈善组织Wish of a Lifetime促成的。它支付了Rose从佛罗里达州和Ruth从俄克拉荷马州飞来的费用，使她们能够去罗德岛州的疗养院看望Rubye)”可知，一个慈善团体为三姐妹的团聚提供了经济支持。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Bloom first got the idea when he was 15. He went to Asia for a ski race and saw an old woman walking slowly to get on a bus. Many passengers offered to help her, which touched him deeply. (Bloom第一次有这个想法是在他15岁时。他去亚洲参加滑雪比赛，看到一位老妇人慢慢走向公交车。许多乘客主动帮助她，这深深地触动了他)”可知，Jeremy Bloom在亚洲滑雪比赛期间看到的一位老妇人，这启发了他创立慈善组织的想法。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“he often worried about finding a new goal after his sports career ended. (他经常担心在运动生涯结束后找不到新的目标)”可推知，Jeremy Bloom曾对自己运动生涯结束后的未来感到不确定。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“He copied the idea of the Make-A-Wish Foundation, which helps sick kids make their wishes come true, and used it to help old people. (他借鉴了帮助生病孩子实现愿望的Make-A-Wish Foundation的想法，并将其用于帮助老年人)”可知，Wish of a Lifetime从一个著名的儿童慈善机构Make-A-Wish Foundation中汲取了灵感。 D David Uttal a scientist at Northwestern University, has always been poor at finding his way. At 13, he got lost on a Boy Scout hike for two and a half days. The world is full of people like Uttal and their opposites, the folks who always seem to know exactly where they are and how to get where they want to go. These differences are clear, but explaining them has proved challenging. Now, research using virtual (虚拟) reality suggests that to some degree, navigational (导航的) skills are shaped by upbringing. A 2020 study stressed this. The researchers compared the performance of more than 2,600 twins as they navigated through a virtual environment to test whether navigational ability runs in families. It does, they found — but only slightly. Instead, the biggest contributor to people’s performance was what geneticists (基因学家) call “nonshared environmental factors” — the unique experiences each person acquires as he grows. Good navigators, it appears, are mostly made, not born. Another larger experiment provided further proof. Researchers developed a smartphone game, “Sea Hero Quest” in which players navigate through a virtual environment to locate checkpoints. Based on data from nearly four million players worldwide, they discovered that cultural factors were linked to wayfinding skills. People from Nordic countries, where the navigation sport of orienteering is popular, performed slightly better. Results like these suggest that life experience may be one of the biggest factors of navigational ability. Indeed, experience may even act as one of the most common findings in navigation: that men tend to perform better than women. Turns out this gender (性别) difference is more a question of culture and experience than of born ability. Nordic countries, for example, where gender equality is greatest, show almost no gender difference in navigation. However, men far outperform women in places where women face cultural limits on exploring their environment. To Uttal, these findings carry an optimistic meaning. “The good news is that navigation is trainable” he notes, “It’s never too late to become a better navigator. You just need to give yourself opportunities to explore and pay attention to your environment.” 12. What did the 2020 study on twins reveal about navigational ability? A. It is largely decided by genes. B. It is learned through experience. C. It varies little among individuals. D. It remains unchanged in a person’s life. 13. How was the “Sea Hero Quest” experiment carried out? A. By testing brain activity during play B. By observing how players navigate. C. By comparing the Nordics with others. D. By studying smartphone game data. 14. Why do men often outperform women in navigation? A. Men benefit from practicing sports. B. Women lack interest in doing so. C. Men have stronger space memory. D. Women have fewer chances to explore. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. What Can “Sea Hero Quest” Teach Us? B. Why Do Some People Always Get Lost? C. How Does VR Improve Navigational Skills? D. Who Are Better Navigators: Men or Women? 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以科学家David Uttal方向感差的经历引入，通过两项相关研究，探讨了导航能力的影响因素，指出导航能力并非主要由基因决定，而是在很大程度上受成长环境、文化因素和个人经历的影响，且这种能力可以通过训练提升。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第3段中“The researchers compared the performance of more than 2,600 twins as they navigated through a virtual environment to test whether navigational ability runs in families. It does, they found — but only slightly. Instead, the biggest contributor to people’s performance was what geneticists call ‘nonshared environmental factors’ — the unique experiences each person acquires as he grows.(研究人员比较了2600名双胞胎在虚拟环境中导航的表现，以测试导航能力是否会在家族中遗传。他们发现，确实如此，但只是轻微的。相反，决定人们表现的最大因素是遗传学家所说的‘非共享环境因素’——即每个人在成长过程中获得的独特经历。)”可知，2020年针对双胞胎的研究表明导航能力主要是通过后天经历习得的。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第4段中“Researchers developed a smartphone game, ‘Sea Hero Quest’ in which players navigate through a virtual environment to locate checkpoints. Based on data from nearly four million players worldwide, they discovered that cultural factors were linked to wayfinding skills.(研究人员开发了一款名为‘海上英雄任务’的智能手机游戏，玩家可以在虚拟环境中导航，找到检查站。基于全球近400万名玩家的数据，他们发现文化因素与认路能力有关联。)”可知，“海洋英雄任务”这个实验是通过研究智能手机游戏的数据开展的。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第5段中“Turns out this gender difference is more a question of culture and experience than of born ability.(事实证明，这种性别差异更多的是文化和经历的问题，而不是天生的能力。)”和“men far outperform women in places where women face cultural limits on exploring their environment.(在那些女性探索环境会面临文化限制的地区，男性的导航能力远超女性。)”可知，男性导航能力优于女性是因为女性拥有的探索机会更少。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文的核心论述，尤其是第1段“The world is full of people like Uttal and their opposites, the folks who always seem to know exactly where they are and how to get where they want to go.(世界上到处都是像Uttal这样方向感差的人，也有与之相反的人——那些似乎总是清楚自己所处位置以及如何到达目的地的人。)”，第2段中“research using virtual reality suggests that to some degree, navigational skills are shaped by upbringing(使用虚拟现实的研究表明，导航技能在某种程度上是由成长环境塑造的)”，以及第5段中“Turns out this gender difference is more a question of culture and experience than of born ability.(事实证明，这种性别差异更多的是文化和经历的问题，而不是天生的能力。)”和第6段的总结“The good news is that navigation is trainable.(好消息是，导航能力是可以训练的。)”可知，全文旨在探究造成人们导航能力差异(如有人擅长导航、有人易迷路)的根本原因，并论证了环境和经验的关键作用。 选项B “Why Do Some People Always Get Lost?(为什么有些人总是迷路？)” 准确概括了这一主旨。故选B。 第二节 七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Why Your Brain Prefers Junk Food? Have you ever wondered why a bag of chips is so much more appealing than an apple? The answer lies not in your willpower but in your brain’s ancient reward system. Over millions of years, human brains evolved to seek out high-calorie foods because they provided the energy needed for survival. ____16____ Modern food companies have learned to use this biological weakness. By combining salt, sugar, and fat in precise ratios, they create what scientists call “highly appealing” foods. These foods cause a much stronger dopamine(多巴胺) release in the brain than natural foods do. ____17____ As a result, you find yourself reaching for another cookie even when you are not hungry. ____18____ Long-term exposure to highly appealing foods can actually rewire your brain's reward circuits. Over time, you need more and more of these foods to feel the same level of pleasure. This is similar to how drug addiction develops. Meanwhile, natural foods like vegetables begin to taste less satisfying by comparison. So how can you fight back against your own brain? ____19____ If you keep unhealthy snacks out of sight or simply do not buy them, you reduce the constant temptation. Another powerful strategy is mindful eating — paying full attention to the taste, texture, and smell of each bite. This practice helps your brain relearn to appreciate natural flavors. Understanding the neuroscience of food preference does not mean you are powerless. ____20____ Small, consistent changes in your daily habits can gradually help your brain learn to prefer healthier options. The key is patience, not punishment. A. One effective method is to change your food environment. B. Fortunately, you can use this knowledge to your advantage. C. The reason has nothing to do with genetics or personal taste. D. Slowly introducing more whole foods can help correct the change. E. That explains why some people lose control around processed foods. F. This intense pleasure signal overcomes the brain’s natural fullness signal. G. However, the same mechanism now works against us in today's world of cheap calories. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. E 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要解释人类大脑古老的奖励机制如何使我们对高热量垃圾食品产生偏好，并提供改变食物环境、正念饮食等策略来帮助大脑重新学习选择健康食物。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Have you ever wondered why a bag of chips is so much more appealing than an apple? The answer lies not in your willpower but in your brain's ancient reward system. Over millions of years, human brains evolved to seek out high-calorie foods because they provided the energy needed for survival.(你是否曾好奇过，为什么一袋薯片比一个苹果更具吸引力？答案并非在于你的意志力，而是在于你大脑中古老的奖赏系统。数百万年来，人类的大脑逐渐进化出寻找高热量食物的本能，因为这些食物能为生存提供所需的能量)”可知，本段讲述人类大脑进化出寻找高热量食物的机制，这在过去有助于生存。G项“However, the same mechanism now works against us in today’s world of cheap calories.(然而，同样的机制现在在热量廉价的世界中对我们不利)”构成转折，引出下文现代食品公司利用这一弱点。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Modern food companies have learned to use this biological weakness. By combining salt, sugar, and fat in precise ratios, they create what scientists call “highly appealing” foods. These foods cause a much stronger dopamine(多巴胺) release in the brain than natural foods do.(现代食品公司已经学会了利用这种生物上的弱点。通过精确配比盐、糖和脂肪，他们创造出科学家所说的“极具吸引力”的食品。这些食品在大脑中引发的多巴胺释放量比天然食物要多得多)”及空后“As a result, you find yourself reaching for another cookie even when you are not hungry.(结果，即便你不饿，你也忍不住又拿了一块饼干)”可知，上文指出超加工食品引起更强的多巴胺释放，F项“This intense pleasure signal overcomes the brain’s natural fullness signal.(这种强烈的愉悦信号克服了大脑自然的饱腹信号)”符合语境，解释了为何人们即使不饿也会继续吃。 【18题详解】 该空为段首句，应概括本段主要内容。根据下文“Long-term exposure to highly appealing foods can actually rewire your brain's reward circuits. Over time, you need more and more of these foods to feel the same level of pleasure. This is similar to how drug addiction develops. Meanwhile, natural foods like vegetables begin to taste less satisfying by comparison.(长期接触极具吸引力的食品实际上会重新塑造大脑的奖赏回路。随着时间的推移，你需要越来越多的这类食品才能获得同样的愉悦感。这与药物成瘾的发展过程类似。与此同时，像蔬菜这样的天然食物相比之下就变得不那么令人满足了)”可知，本段讨论长期食用超加工食品会重塑大脑奖励回路，产生类似成瘾的效应。E项“That explains why some people lose control around processed foods.(这解释了为什么有些人在加工食品面前失控)”是对这一现象的总结。 【19题详解】 根据上文“So how can you fight back against your own brain? (那么，你如何对抗自己的大脑呢)”及下文“If you keep unhealthy snacks out of sight or simply do not buy them, you reduce the constant temptation. (如果你把不健康的零食藏起来，或者干脆不买它们，就能减少持续不断的诱惑)”第四段询问如何对抗大脑，随后建议将不健康零食藏起来或不购买。A项“One effective method is to change your food environment.(一个有效的方法是改变你的食物环境)”符合语境，回应了上文的问题，概括了下面的策略。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Understanding the neuroscience of food preference does not mean you are powerless. (了解关于食物偏好的神经科学就不意味着你毫无办法)”及下文“Small, consistent changes in your daily habits can gradually help your brain learn to prefer healthier options. The key is patience, not punishment.(你每天习惯上的细微且持续的改变能够逐渐帮助你的大脑学会更倾向于选择更健康的选项。关键在于耐心，而非惩罚)”可知，最后一段指出了解神经科学后就会发现还是有办法应对的。B项“Fortunately, you can use this knowledge to your advantage.(幸运的是，你可以利用这个知识为你所用)”承接上文，并引出后文关于通过小改变让大脑逐渐偏好健康选择的建议。 第三部分 语言运用 (共三节，满分35分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Last summer vacation, I joined an environmental organization as a volunteer in a South American rainforest. Our ____21____ was to protect endangered species. At first, everything was perfect — the thick trees, rare birds and warm-hearted villagers. But soon, I noticed something strange. Whenever we set up cameras to ____22____ illegal logging, they were mysteriously destroyed. One night, I heard noises outside our cabin (小木屋). Hiding behind a tree, I saw two teenagers from the village hitting our equipment hard. ____23____, I confronted (对峙) them. They shouted angrily, “You foreigners don’t understand! Our families need land to farm. If we stop cutting trees, we’ll starve!” Their words ____24____ me deeply. Later, I learned their river had been polluted, ____25____ them to rely on forest resources. Instead of anger, I chose complete ____26____. We built a simple water filter (滤水器) using bamboo and sand and taught villagers to purify the polluted river. Gradually, trust ____27____. We also introduced sustainable farming techniques. Three months later, the same teenagers helped us ____28____ small trees. “Now we see the forest is our future, not just firewood,” one said ____29____. On our last day, I stood on a hill ____30____ the recovering greenery beneath. An elder whispered, “Nature heals when hearts change.” True conservation isn’t about orders but ____31____ between people. What really ____32____ is handling problems properly and being full of hope. Protecting Earth begins with being ____33____. Conservation work is a long-term journey full of ____34____ and consideration. Only with devotion and emotion can environmental work make a real ____35____. 21. A. business B. hobby C. mission D. secret 22. A. recognize B. rescue C. survive D. monitor 23. A. Shocked B. Worried C. Scared D. Bored 24. A. attracted B. relieved C. struck D. panicked 25. A. forbidding B. forcing C. sending D. instructing 26. A. anger B. consideration C. doubt D. regret 27. A. formed B. existed C. broke D. faded 28. A. shake B. shade C. plant D. remove 29. A. awkwardly B. bitterly C. anxiously D. smilingly 30. A. overlooking B. identifying C. confirming D. noticing 31. A. behaviors B. bridges C. traps D. limits 32. A. inspires B. improves C. matters D. challenges 33. A. demanding B. experienced C. serious D. understanding 34. A. patience B. imagination C. curiosity D. bravery 35. A. choice B. difference C. judgement D. profit 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章主要讲述了作者暑期前往南美雨林担任环保志愿者，发现村民因水源污染、生计艰难破坏监测设备。团队帮忙净水并推广生态农耕，最终村民也参与护林，让人明白环保贵在相互理解。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们的使命是保护濒危物种。A. business生意，事务；B. hobby爱好；C. mission使命，任务；D. secret秘密。根据上文“I joined an environmental organization as a volunteer in a South American rainforest”可知，作者加入环保组织成为志愿者，“保护濒危物种”是其承担的官方任务和使命。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：每当我们要安装摄像头监控非法砍伐时，设备却神秘地被毁了。A. recognize认出，识别；B. rescue营救，救援；C. survive幸存，生存；D. monitor监控，监测。根据上文“Whenever we set up cameras”以及下文“illegal logging”可知，设置摄像头的目的是监测非法伐木活动。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我震惊不已，上前质问他们。A. Shocked震惊的；B. Worried担心的；C. Scared 害怕的；D. Bored无聊的。根据上文“I saw two teenagers from the village hitting our equipment hard”可知，作者原本以为设备是被非法伐木者破坏的，没想到看到的是村里的两个少年，这一意外发现让他感到震惊，因此才会立刻上前对峙。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：这句话深深震撼了我。A. attracted吸引；B. relieved使宽慰，使放心；C. struck使震惊，触动；D. panicked使恐慌。根据上文“If we stop cutting trees, we’ll starve!”可知，少年们“不砍树就会饿死”的话让作者深受触动，改变了他对村民破坏行为的看法。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：后来我才知道，他们的河流已被污染，迫使他们只能依赖森林资源。A. forbidding禁止；B. forcing迫使；C. sending发送；D. instructing指导，指示。根据上文“I learned their river had been polluted”可知，河流被污染迫使他们只能依赖森林资源。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：我没有愤怒，而是选择了全面的体谅。A. anger愤怒；B. consideration体谅，考虑；C. doubt怀疑；D. regret后悔。根据前文“Instead of anger”说没有生气，以及后文“We built a simple water filter (滤水器)”和“We also introduced sustainable farming techniques.”提到作者帮助村民建造滤水器、推广农业技术，可知，这些行为都体现了他对村民困境的体谅。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：渐渐地，信任在我们之间建立起来。A. formed形成，建立；B. existed存在；C. broke打破，破碎；D. faded逐渐消失。根据句意以及上文“Gradually, trust…”可知，随着作者持续帮助村民，双方之间的信任逐渐形成。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：三个月后，那两名少年又帮助我们种下了一些小树。A. shake摇晃，抖动；B. shade遮挡，给……遮阴；C. plant种植；D. remove移除，移开。根据下文“Now we see the forest is our future”可推知，之前破坏设备的少年现在主动帮助环保组织，最符合逻辑的行为是种植小树，这标志着他们从森林破坏者转变为保护者。 【29题详解】 考查副词。句意：“现在我们明白，森林才是我们的未来，而不仅仅是柴火了，”其中一人笑着说道。A. awkwardly尴尬地；B. bitterly痛苦地，怨恨地；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. smilingly微笑着。根据上文“Now we see the forest is our future, not just firewood”提到少年说“现在我们知道森林是我们的未来，不只是柴火”，可知，这句话表达了他对森林保护的认同和积极态度，因此应该是微笑着说的。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：在我们最后一天，我站在一座小山上，俯瞰着下方正在恢复的绿意。A. overlooking俯瞰；B. identifying识别，确认；C. confirming证实，确认；D. noticing注意到。根据句意以及下文“the recovering greenery beneath”可知，作者站在一座小山上，俯瞰着下方正在恢复的绿意。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：真正的保护并非命令，而是人与人之间的桥梁。A. behaviors行为，举止；B. bridges桥梁；C. traps陷阱；D. limits限制，界限。根据句意以及上文“True conservation isn’t about orders…”可知，文章强调环保需要人与人之间的沟通和理解，“bridges”(桥梁) 在此处是比喻义，象征着连接不同群体、促进相互理解的纽带。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：真正重要的是正确应对问题，并始终充满希望。A. inspires激励；B. improves改善；C. matters重要；D. challenges挑战。根据句意以及下文“…is handling problems properly and being full of hope”可知，环保工作中最重要的是正确处理问题并保持希望。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：保护地球始于理解。A. demanding要求高的；B. experienced有经验的；C. serious严肃的；D. understanding善解人意的，理解的。根据上文“Instead of anger, I chose complete _____.”可知，作者成功的关键在于理解了村民的生存困境，而非强制命令。因此“保护地球始于理解”是对全文核心观点的精准概括。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：环保工作是一段充满耐心与关怀的长期旅程。A. patience耐心；B. imagination想象力；C. curiosity好奇心；D. bravery勇敢。根据下文“and consideration”提到体谅，以及前文“Conservation work is a long-term journey”提到环保工作是长期的旅程，可知，长期工作最需要的就是耐心。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：只有投入和情感，环保工作才能真正发挥作用。A. choice选择；B. difference差异，影响；C. judgement判断，评价；D. profit利润。根据句意以及上文“Only with devotion and emotion”可知，只有带着奉献和情感，环保工作才能真正产生效果。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wu Zhenpeng, a 32-year-old IT engineer from Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, was hailing a taxi (招手叫车) to reach home after work. A few minutes later, a robotaxi approached, with no driver or operator ____36____ (sit) inside, and soon Wu was on his way back. “The driverless vehicle operated ____37____ (smooth) without sudden braking (刹车),” Wu said. The large-scale commercial use of self-driving technology could become ____38____ reality sooner than expected, and is likely to revolutionize urban transport due to its ____39____ (great) efficiency in comparison with traditional vehicles, industry experts said. However, the fast-developing technology still faces some challenges and limitations, including ____40____ to ensure reliability and ____41____ (safe), especially in complex situations, and public concerns over job losses for regular taxi drivers. China has taken a lead in the research and development as well as the application of autonomous driving technology in recent years. ____42____ (promote) the commercialization of self-driving vehicles, it has also introduced a series of policies. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology ____43____ (select) 20 cities earlier this month to participate in a pilot program, ____44____ theme was centered on “vehicle-road-cloud integration” for intelligently connected vehicles. The move aims to combine intelligent vehicles ____45____ environmental and cloud-based control systems, paving the way for enhanced security and efficiency in autonomous driving technology. 【答案】36. sitting 37. smoothly 38. a 39. greater 40. how 41. safety 42. To promote 43. selected 44. whose 45. with 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了中国无人驾驶出租车的发展现状、优势、挑战及相关政策支持。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：几分钟后，一辆robotaxi驶来，车内没有司机或操作员坐着，很快吴就踏上了回家的路。此处为“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的复合结构，sit与逻辑主语no driver or operator之间为主动关系，故用现在分词sitting作宾补。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：“这辆无人驾驶车辆运行平稳，没有急刹车，”吴说。根据空后operated可知，空处需用副词smoothly“平稳地”修饰动词operated作状语。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：业内专家表示，自动驾驶技术的大规模商业化应用可能比预期更快成为现实，并有望彻底改变城市交通，因为与传统车辆相比，其效率更高。此处泛指“一个现实”，且reality为辅音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词a。 【39题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。根据后文“in comparison with traditional vehicles”可知，此处是将自动驾驶车辆与传统车辆进行对比，应用形容词比较级greater。 【40题详解】 考查疑问词。句意：然而，这项快速发展的技术仍面临一些挑战和局限，包括如何确保可靠性和安全性，尤其是在复杂情况下，以及公众对普通出租车司机失业的担忧。此处为“疑问词+to do”结构作including的宾语，结合句意可知，此处表示“如何确保安全”，应用疑问词how。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。根据空前and连接并列成分reliability可知，空处也需用名词safety“安全”作ensure的宾语。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为推动自动驾驶车辆的商业化，中国还出台了一系列政策。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式To promote，位于句首首字母大写。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：本月早些时候，工业和信息化部遴选了20个城市参与一项试点项目，该项目的主题围绕智能网联汽车的“车路云一体化”。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语earlier this month可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时selected。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为pilot program，关系词在从句中作theme的定语，应用关系代词whose。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：此举旨在将智能车辆与环境及云端控制系统相结合，为提升自动驾驶技术的安全性和效率铺平道路。固定搭配combine...with...意为“把……和……结合起来”。 第四部分 写作 第一节 应用文写作 (15分) 46. 你校英文报社将举行主题为“体育塑造心灵”的征文活动。请以“Sports Shape Souls”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1.你的运动经历； 2.你的感想。 注意： 1.词数 80 左右； 2.请按如下格式作答。 Sports Shape Souls ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Sports Shape Souls Beyond strengthening our bodies, sports play a vital role in refining our character and shaping our inner spirits, which I have realized through my own sports experience. I have kept long-distance running for years. At first, exhausted by continuous tiredness, I often wanted to give up. Nevertheless, I insisted on daily training and never backed down. Gradually, I became more disciplined and strong-willed. Whenever I encounter academic difficulties, the persistent spirit gained from running motivates me to move forward bravely. In short, sports truly polish our souls. The precious qualities it brings will equip us with enough courage to face future challenges in life and study. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以“Sports Shape Souls”为题参与学校英文报征文活动，结合个人运动经历，讲述体育运动带来的成长与感悟，体现体育对心灵的塑造作用。 【详解】1.词汇积累 增强：strengthen→build up 至关重要的：vital→crucial 疲惫的：exhausted→worn out 坚持：insist on→stick to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I have kept long-distance running for years. 拓展句：I have kept long-distance running for years, which has brought me great changes. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Beyond strengthening our bodies, sports play a vital role in refining our character and shaping our inner spirits, which I have realized through my own sports experience.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Whenever I encounter academic difficulties, the persistent spirit gained from running motivates me to move forward bravely.（运用了whenever引导时间状语从句以及过去分词作后置定语） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Bud joined us when his original owner couldn’t keep him. In the few months he’d been with us, we came to love the lovely dog, and we all knew that he loved us, too. But he’d developed one habit in his former life: no amount of coaxing (试图劝诱) could make him come into the house. “Some dogs prefer to stay outside,” I explained to the kids on those summer nights when Bud slept in our yard. Now, with winter coming, I worried how Bud would stay warm outside. I kept wondering what kind of doghouse I could build for Bud. I turned the problem over in my mind every day, but winter was almost upon us and I still didn’t know where to start. One night I got home from work exhausted. I fell into bed and had a dream. It felt so real. I was in a forest, trees surrounding me on all sides. A giant man, as tall as the trees, stepped slowly out of the woods. He looked like an old-fashioned woodsman from a fairy tale. The woodsman looked down at me and smiled, then began to speak. Not with words exactly—but I understood him. He was giving me instructions on how to build a box. He gave me the exact dimensions how wide, how long and how high. Coat the box with pitch (沥青), inside and out, to weatherproof (防风防雨) it. There was a lot of information, but somehow I felt sure I’d remember it all. His message delivered, he disappeared into the trees. What a dream! It stayed with me all day. That weekend I got a call from my brother. “A friend has offered me some wood. Do you need some? I’ll share some with you.” “Sure,” I said, thinking this might be exactly the wood I needed. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I thanked my brother and hurried over to pick up the wood that afternoon. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We took Bud to see the newly-built doghouse. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: I thanked my brother and hurried over to pick up the wood that afternoon. With the detailed instructions from my strange dream in mind, I spent the whole weekend cutting boards, assembling the frame and coating the doghouse with pitch. Every measurement was strictly followed to make sure it was wind-proof and warm enough for cold winter days. When I finished the last nail, a sturdy, well-built doghouse stood quietly in the yard, which looked so beautiful and satisfied all the family members. We took Bud to see the newly-built doghouse. At first, Bud wandered around it cautiously, sniffing the wood here and there. To our surprise, after a moment’s hesitation, he stepped inside slowly and lay down comfortably. He seemed very happy to have the new house. From that day on, Bud had his own warm shelter, and the whole family was relieved that he could safely get through the coming winter. 【解析】 【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者收养狗狗 Bud，Bud 不愿进屋只能露宿院子，冬季将至作者十分担忧它无法御寒。一晚作者梦见林中樵夫告知搭建狗屋的精确尺寸与防水方法，不久哥哥送来木料，作者按照梦境指引搭建狗屋，最终 Bud 接纳了温暖的户外小屋，全家人不再担心它过冬的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写作者依照梦里樵夫给出的尺寸、涂沥青防水的提示，利用木料耗时整个周末搭建坚固防风保暖狗屋的全过程。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写 Bud 初见狗屋时谨慎试探，最终安心躺进小屋，全家放下担忧，Bud 拥有专属温暖居所顺利过冬的温馨结局。 2. 续写线索：领取木料 —— 动手搭建完工 —— 带 Bud 参观狗屋 ——Bud 试探靠近 —— 安心入住 —— 全家宽慰 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①搭建、组装：assemble the frame /put together ②涂刷：coat with /paint over ③四处嗅闻：sniff here and there /smell around /take a sniff ④走进、踏入：step inside /walk into /enter 情绪类 ①满足、满意：satisfied /content/pleased ②谨慎地：cautiously /warily/carefully ③宽慰、安心：relieved /comforted/at ease 【点睛】[高分句型 1] With the detailed instructions from my strange dream in mind, I spent the whole weekend cutting boards, assembling the frame and coating the doghouse with pitch.（with复合结构作伴随状语） [高分句型 2] When I finished the last nail, a sturdy, well-built doghouse stood quietly in the yard, which looked so beautiful and satisfied all the family members.（which引导非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $