Welcome Unit Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures(知识清单)英语人教版必修第一册

2026-07-20
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语人教版必修第一册
年级 高一
章节 Discovering Useful Structures
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 -
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 6.31 MB
发布时间 2026-07-20
更新时间 2026-07-20
作者 初高中精品英语馆
品牌系列 上好课·上好课
审核时间 2026-07-20
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来源 学科网

摘要:

该高中英语知识清单聚焦句子成分与八大简单句基本句型,以基础符号速记(S、V、P等)为起点,系统梳理七大句子成分(主语、谓语、表语等)的构成与功能,进而构建八大简单句句型(S+V、S+V+P等)的完整知识体系,形成从基础符号到成分解析再到句型应用的递进式学习支架。 知识链路以“符号-成分-句型”为逻辑主线,通过表格对比符号含义、例句解析成分功能、句型转换练习强化应用。习题涵盖翻译(10题)、单项选择(20题)及句子分析(14题),注重语法规则与语境结合,助力学生提升语言理解与表达能力,培养逻辑分析的思维品质,形成结构化的语法学习方法。

内容正文:

Welcome Unit Discovering Useful Structures 核心语法:句子成分 + 八大简单句基本句型 一、基础符号速记 缩写 英文全称 中文名称 核心释义 S Subject 主语 句子描述主体,动作发出者 V Verb 谓语 表动作、状态,分实义动词、系动词 P Predicative 表语 置于系动词后,描述主语特征 O Object 宾语 动作的承受对象 IO Indirect Object 间接宾语 多指人 DO Direct Object 直接宾语 多指事物 C Object Complement 宾语补足语 补充说明宾语,删除后句意残缺 A Adverbial 状语 修饰动词、形容词、整句,表时间、地点、程度、方式 二、七大句子成分精讲 1. 主语 S 可充当:名词/代词/动名词/不定式/名词短语 例句: 1. Teenagers love after-school clubs.(名词作主语) 2. To make new friends is exciting.(不定式作主语) 2. 谓语 V - 实义动词:有实际动作(run, talk, recommend) - 系动词(后接表语P) ① be动词:am/is/are/was/were ② 感官:look, sound, taste, smell, feel ③ 变化:become, turn, get, grow ④ 状态保持:keep, stay, seem 例句:The plan sounds great.(系动词sounds) 3. 表语 P(仅SVP句型) 放在系动词后,可用形容词、名词、介词短语 例句:My goal is to join the volunteer group. 4. 宾语 O 及物动词/介词后方,分为单宾语、双宾语 例句:I enjoy reading English articles.(动名词作宾语) 5. 定语(修饰名词,必考写作点) 前置:形容词、名词(a teenage volunteer) 后置:介词短语、不定式、分词(the chance to debate) 6. 状语 A 修饰动词、形容词、整句;表时间、地点、方式、程度 例句:We study hard at senior high school.(hard程度状语;at school地点状语) 7. 宾语补足语 C 补充宾语,缺少后句子不完整 例句:I find the debate interesting.(interesting补充宾语the debate) 三、八大简单句基础句型 1. S+V 主谓(不及物动词,无宾语) 核心:动词语义完整,不加宾语,可加状语 教材例句:All of us laughed. 拓展:The bell rang loudly. 2. S+V+P 主系表 核心:系动词+表语,描述主语状态 教材例句:The teacher was kind and friendly. 拓展:The flower smells sweet. 3. S+V+O 主谓宾(及物动词必须带宾语) 教材例句:I miss my grandma. 拓展:We choose interesting courses. 4. S+V+IO+DO 主谓双宾(人+物) 转换公式:S + V + DO + to/for + IO 教材例句:He told us a funny story. 同义转换:He told a funny story to us. 高频动词:give, send, tell, pass, buy 5. S+V+O+C 主谓宾补 核心:宾补不能省略,否则句意不通 教材例句:I found most of my classmates friendly and helpful. 拓展:We keep our classroom clean. 6. S+V+A 主谓状 不及物动词 + 状语(地点/程度) 教材例句:He talked too much. 7. S+V+O+A 主谓宾状 及物动词+宾语+地点/时间状语 教材例句:I had my first maths class at senior high school. 8. There be 存在句(某处有…) 核心:就近原则,be动词单复数看后面名词 教材例句:There’s a lot to explore at senior high. 拓展:There are many volunteer activities in our school. 解析:actually 修饰整句话,作状语。 一、翻译 1.一群交换生来了。(S+V)(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 2.他分析了这个句子。(S+V+O) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 3.我们的数学老师又高又帅。(S+V+P) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 4.我祖父给我一块手表。(S+V+IO+DO) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 5.他说的话使我很高兴。(S+V+O+OC) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 6.我们的英语老师说话太快了。(S+V+Ad) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 7.我上星期在书店买了一本词典。(S+V+O+Ad) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 8.市中心有一个很大的公园。(There be) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 9.他把墙漆成了白色。(S+V+O+C) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 10.玛丽不能工作,因为她病了。(S+V+A) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 二、单项选择 11.My deskmate writes notes carefully every morning. 句中carefully every morning是________. A.宾语 B.表语 C.状语 D.宾补 12.The boy under the tree is my brother. A.状语 B.定语 C.补语 13.My mother cooks dinner every day. A.谓语 B.谓语+宾语 C.状语 14.The little girl likes drawing very much. A.主语 B.定语 C.宾语 15.The flowers in the garden smell sweet. A.表语 B.定语 C.状语 16.Her father bought her a new computer as a birthday gift. A.宾语 B.宾补 C.表语 D.主语 17.We find the after-school activity very interesting. very interesting 充当________. A.表语 B.宾语 C.宾语补足语 D.状语 18.My deskmate enjoys reading science novels. A.谓语 B.主语 C.宾语 19.His parents are doctors. A.宾语 B.表语 C.谓语 D.定语 20.Analyze the structure of the sentence: I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. A.SVOC B.SVOA C.SV IO DO D.SVO 21.She cooked her husband a delicious meal. A.S. V. ID.DO B.S. V. O. C.S. V. O. OC D.S. V. A. 22.The designer made her a custom dress for the ceremony. A.SVO(主语+谓语+宾语) B.SVOCo(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语) C.SVP(主语+谓语+表语) D.SVOiOd(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语) 23.“The river has gone dry and lifeless.” This sentence pattern is ________. A.SVO B.SVP C.SVA D.SVOC 24.The sentence structure of “We think hiking a good way to work out.” is ________. A.SVP B.SV C.SVO D.SVOC 25.She went home very late yesterday evening. A.SV B.SVO C.SVP D.SVOC 26.Find out the structure of the sentence: We had our first English class at senior high school. A.SV IO DO B.SVOA C.SVOC D.SVA 27.Birds sing beautifully. A.SVC B.SVO C.SVOC D.SVOiOd E.SVA 28.Identify the sentence pattern of the following sentence. I found the answer a bit puzzling. A.SVC. B.SVO. C.SVOC. D.SVOiOd. 29.Analyze the sentence pattern of this sentence: My uncle sent me a postcard from Beijing. A.SV B.SVO C.SVC D.SVOiOd 30.Analyze the structure of the following sentence:“I hope to be fluent when I graduate.” A.SVOiOd B.SVC C.SVO D.SV 三、其他 分析句子成分并写出基本句型 31.The students agreed.______ 32.My sister is writing a letter.______ 33.I heard him sing a song.______ 34.He asked me to come back soon.______ 35.My teacher gave me a book.______ 36.His face turned red.______ 37.This is an English-Chinese dictionary.______ 38.There are many customs in the village.______ 39.A sports meeting will be held in our school next week.______ 40.I’ll spend the summer holiday in the countryside.______ 写出下列句中黑体部分在句中所作的成分 (1)The exchange students are celebrating the Christmas.____41____ (2)My duty is to make our environment better.____42____ (3)The children are swimming in the swimming pool.____43____ (4)I was glad to see the child well taken care of.____44____ (5)The building designed by her is beautiful.____45____ (6)A lot of green lands have been opened to the public.____46____ (7)Scientists are carrying out experiments to test the effectiveness of the new medicine.____47____ (8)The manager made them work day and night.____48____ 阅读下面短文,分析并写出画线句子的基本句型 When ___49___ I first entered the senior high school, I was afraid that no one would make friends with me. ___50___ There were all strangers around me and I was afraid of speaking in front of my new teachers and classmates. What if I couldn’t do well in my studies? Would they laugh at me? ___51___ I became worried and ___52___ I thought a lot. Later, I realized that I should change my mind. So I set goals for myself and tried my best to realize them. Besides, ___53___ I took part in ex-curricular activities actively. Finally I got on well with my classmates and became confident. ___54___ I found my senior high school life really colourful. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Welcome Unit Discovering Useful Structures 核心语法:句子成分 + 八大简单句基本句型 一、基础符号速记 缩写 英文全称 中文名称 核心释义 S Subject 主语 句子描述主体,动作发出者 V Verb 谓语 表动作、状态,分实义动词、系动词 P Predicative 表语 置于系动词后,描述主语特征 O Object 宾语 动作的承受对象 IO Indirect Object 间接宾语 多指人 DO Direct Object 直接宾语 多指事物 C Object Complement 宾语补足语 补充说明宾语,删除后句意残缺 A Adverbial 状语 修饰动词、形容词、整句,表时间、地点、程度、方式 二、七大句子成分精讲 1. 主语 S 可充当:名词/代词/动名词/不定式/名词短语 例句: 1. Teenagers love after-school clubs.(名词作主语) 2. To make new friends is exciting.(不定式作主语) 2. 谓语 V - 实义动词:有实际动作(run, talk, recommend) - 系动词(后接表语P) ① be动词:am/is/are/was/were ② 感官:look, sound, taste, smell, feel ③ 变化:become, turn, get, grow ④ 状态保持:keep, stay, seem 例句:The plan sounds great.(系动词sounds) 3. 表语 P(仅SVP句型) 放在系动词后,可用形容词、名词、介词短语 例句:My goal is to join the volunteer group. 4. 宾语 O 及物动词/介词后方,分为单宾语、双宾语 例句:I enjoy reading English articles.(动名词作宾语) 5. 定语(修饰名词,必考写作点) 前置:形容词、名词(a teenage volunteer) 后置:介词短语、不定式、分词(the chance to debate) 6. 状语 A 修饰动词、形容词、整句;表时间、地点、方式、程度 例句:We study hard at senior high school.(hard程度状语;at school地点状语) 7. 宾语补足语 C 补充宾语,缺少后句子不完整 例句:I find the debate interesting.(interesting补充宾语the debate) 三、八大简单句基础句型 1. S+V 主谓(不及物动词,无宾语) 核心:动词语义完整,不加宾语,可加状语 教材例句:All of us laughed. 拓展:The bell rang loudly. 2. S+V+P 主系表 核心:系动词+表语,描述主语状态 教材例句:The teacher was kind and friendly. 拓展:The flower smells sweet. 3. S+V+O 主谓宾(及物动词必须带宾语) 教材例句:I miss my grandma. 拓展:We choose interesting courses. 4. S+V+IO+DO 主谓双宾(人+物) 转换公式:S + V + DO + to/for + IO 教材例句:He told us a funny story. 同义转换:He told a funny story to us. 高频动词:give, send, tell, pass, buy 5. S+V+O+C 主谓宾补 核心:宾补不能省略,否则句意不通 教材例句:I found most of my classmates friendly and helpful. 拓展:We keep our classroom clean. 6. S+V+A 主谓状 不及物动词 + 状语(地点/程度) 教材例句:He talked too much. 7. S+V+O+A 主谓宾状 及物动词+宾语+地点/时间状语 教材例句:I had my first maths class at senior high school. 8. There be 存在句(某处有…) 核心:就近原则,be动词单复数看后面名词 教材例句:There’s a lot to explore at senior high. 拓展:There are many volunteer activities in our school. 解析:actually 修饰整句话,作状语。 一、翻译 1.一群交换生来了。(S+V)(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A group of exchange students came. 【详解】考查句型结构、名词短语和时态。根据括号内的要求可知,本句应用“主语(S) + 谓语(V)”结构表达句子。“一群交换生”是主语,其中“一群”用a group of,“交换生”译为exchange student,用复数形式,组合为名词短语a group of exchange students,位于句首,首字母应大写;句子描述过去发生的事实,应用一般过去时,“来了”表示过去发生的动作,用动词come的过去式came作谓语。故翻译为A group of exchange students came. 2.他分析了这个句子。(S+V+O) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He analysed the sentence. 【详解】考查时态。句子描述的动作发生在过去用一般过去时,主语为he;表示“分析”用动词analyse;使用过去式形式analysed作谓语,表示“句子”用名词sentence,作宾语。故翻译为He analysed the sentence. 3.我们的数学老师又高又帅。(S+V+P) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Our math teacher is tall and handsome. 【详解】考查基本句型。根据句意,句子描述客观事实,使用一般现在时;表示“我们的数学老师”应用our math teacher作主语,位于句首单词首字母需大写;“是”为系动词be,主语为第三人称单数,系动词用is;“又高又帅”为tall and handsome作表语。故翻译为Our math teacher is tall and handsome. 4.我祖父给我一块手表。(S+V+IO+DO) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】My grandpa gave me a watch. 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。主语“我祖父”为my grandpa;表示“给某人某物”短语为give sb. sth.;me为间接宾语,“一块手表”为a watch,是直接宾语。动作发生在过去用一般过去时,句首单词首字母大写。 故翻译为My grandpa gave me a watch. 5.他说的话使我很高兴。(S+V+O+OC) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What he said made me happy. 【详解】考查句子结构及主语从句。表示“他说的话”,应用主语从句What he said作句子的主语 (what引导主语从句并在从句中作宾语);表示“使我高兴”应用made me happy (“使某人高兴”用固定搭配make sb. happy。此处描述过去发生的事,用一般过去时) made是谓语,me是宾语,happy是宾语补足语。故翻译为What he said made me happy.。 6.我们的英语老师说话太快了。(S+V+Ad) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Our English teacher speaks too quickly. 【详解】考查动词时态。表示“我们的英语老师”应用our English teacher,作主语;表示“说话”应用speak作谓语,陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,主语为单数名词,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式;表示“太快了”应用too quickly,作状语。故翻译成:Our English teacher speaks too quickly.。 7.我上星期在书店买了一本词典。(S+V+O+Ad) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I bought a dictionary in the bookstore last week. 【详解】考查基本句型和词汇。表示“我”,作主语,应用I;表示 “买”,作谓语,应用动词bought (buy的过去式,体现动作发生在上星期);表示“一本词典”作宾语,应用a dictionary;表示“在书店”,作地点状语,应用in the bookstore;表示“上星期”,作时间状语,应用last week。故翻译为I bought a dictionary in the bookstore last week.。 8.市中心有一个很大的公园。(There be) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There is a large park in the centre of the city. 【详解】考查固定句型。There be句型的基本结构为“There be + 主语 + 地点状语”。主语是a large park,主语是第三人称单数形式,句子表述客观事实,be动词是is,地点状语是in the centre of the city。故填There is a large park in the centre of the city.。 9.他把墙漆成了白色。(S+V+O+C) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He painted the wall white. 【详解】考查动词、时态和句子结构。主语“他”用人称代词he,谓语“把……漆成”用动词paint,讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态painted,宾语“墙”用名词the wall,“白色”作宾语补足语,用形容词white;全句为“主谓宾宾补”句型,即S+V+O+C。故译为:He painted the wall white. 10.玛丽不能工作,因为她病了。(S+V+A) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Mary couldn’t work because she was ill. 【详解】考查时态和从句。根据句意可知,陈述过去发生的事情,为一般过去时。玛丽不能工作翻译为:Mary couldn’t work 。因为为“because”,引导原因状语从句,她病了为“she was ill”。故翻译为:Mary couldn’t work because she was ill. 二、单项选择 11.My deskmate writes notes carefully every morning. 句中carefully every morning是________. A.宾语 B.表语 C.状语 D.宾补 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我的同桌每天早上认真地写笔记。carefully是方式副词,修饰谓语动词writes;every morning是时间状语,表示动作发生的时间。 12.The boy under the tree is my brother. A.状语 B.定语 C.补语 【答案】B 【详解】句意:树下的那个男孩是我的弟弟。under the tree 修饰名词The boy,用来限定名词,在句中作定语。 13.My mother cooks dinner every day. A.谓语 B.谓语+宾语 C.状语 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我妈妈每天都做晚饭。cooks是谓语动词,dinner是动作的承受者,作宾语,整体为谓语+宾语。 14.The little girl likes drawing very much. A.主语 B.定语 C.宾语 【答案】A 【详解】句意:这个小女孩非常喜欢画画。The little girl(小女孩)是动作的发出者,在句中作主语。 15.The flowers in the garden smell sweet. A.表语 B.定语 C.状语 【答案】A 【详解】句意:花园里的花儿散发着甜美的香气。分析句子可知,smell是感官系动词,系动词后形容词sweet作表语,构成主系表结构。 16.Her father bought her a new computer as a birthday gift. A.宾语 B.宾补 C.表语 D.主语 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子成分判断。句意:她爸爸给她买了一台新电脑作为生日礼物。句子主干为“Her father(主语)bought(谓语)her(间接宾语)a new computer(直接宾语)”,“buy”是双宾语动词,常用结构“buy sb. sth.”,其中“sth.”作直接宾语,对应题干中的“a new computer”。故选A项。 17.We find the after-school activity very interesting. very interesting 充当________. A.表语 B.宾语 C.宾语补足语 D.状语 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我们认为课后活动非常有趣。本句是典型的 “主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语” 结构:主语:We;谓语:find;宾语:the after-school activity;宾语补足语:very interesting。形容词短语 very interesting 用来补充说明宾语 the after-school activity 的特征,符合“find + 宾语 + 形容词作宾补”的常用结构,因此它在句中充当宾语补足语。 18.My deskmate enjoys reading science novels. A.谓语 B.主语 C.宾语 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我的同桌喜欢阅读科幻小说。下划线部分My deskmate是动作enjoys的发出者,在句中作主语。 19.His parents are doctors. A.宾语 B.表语 C.谓语 D.定语 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子成分。句意:他的父母是医生。本句是主系表句型,系动词are是谓语。故选C。 20.Analyze the structure of the sentence: I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful. A.SVOC B.SVOA C.SV IO DO D.SVO 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子结构。句意:分析句子结构:我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好和乐于助人。A. SVOC主谓宾宾补;B. SVOA主谓宾状;C. SV IO DO主谓+间宾+直宾;D. SVO主谓宾。I是主语,found是谓语,most of my classmates and teachers是宾语,friendly and helpful是形容词作宾语补足语,因此句子结构是SVOC。故选A。 21.She cooked her husband a delicious meal. A.S. V. ID.DO B.S. V. O. C.S. V. O. OC D.S. V. A. 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子结构。句意:她为丈夫做了一顿美味的饭菜。分析句子结构可知,She是主语,cooked是谓语,her husband是间接宾语,a delicious meal是直接宾语,因此句子结构是S. V. ID. DO。故选A。 22.The designer made her a custom dress for the ceremony. A.SVO(主语+谓语+宾语) B.SVOCo(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语) C.SVP(主语+谓语+表语) D.SVOiOd(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语) 【答案】D 【详解】考查句型结构。句意:设计师为她定制了一件参加典礼的礼服。名词The designer“设计师”为主语,动词made“定制”为谓语,代词her“她”为间接宾语,名词短语a custom dress for the ceremony“一件参加典礼的礼服”为直接宾语,其中的for the ceremony为修饰a custom dress的成分,整个句子是SVOiOd的结构。故选D。 23.“The river has gone dry and lifeless.” This sentence pattern is ________. A.SVO B.SVP C.SVA D.SVOC 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意:这条河已经干涸,没有生命了。本句中The river是名词作主语;has gone是系动词go使用了现在完成时态,意为“变得”;形容词dry and lifeless作表语。所以这是一个主系表结构即SVP。故选B项。 24.The sentence structure of “We think hiking a good way to work out.” is ________. A.SVP B.SV C.SVO D.SVOC 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子结构辨析。句意:我们认为徒步旅行是锻炼身体的好方法。分析句子结构可知,句中 We是主语(S),think是及物动词(V),hiking是宾语(O),a good way to work out用于补充说明宾语hiking的属性,作宾语补足语(C),符合SVOC结构定义。故选D项。 25.She went home very late yesterday evening. A.SV B.SVO C.SVP D.SVOC 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子结构。句意:她昨天晚上很晚才回家。she“她”作主语,不及物动词went“去”作谓语,home“家”作地点状语,very late“很晚”作程度状语, yesterday evening“昨天晚上”作时间状语,因此句子为主谓结构,即SV。故选A。 26.Find out the structure of the sentence: We had our first English class at senior high school. A.SV IO DO B.SVOA C.SVOC D.SVA 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意:我们在高中上了第一节英语课。句子成分划分:  We (S)为主语;had (V)为谓语动词(过去式);our first English class (O)为宾语;at senior high school (A)为状语(表示地点)。故选B。 27.Birds sing beautifully. A.SVC B.SVO C.SVOC D.SVOiOd E.SVA 【答案】E 【详解】考查句子结构。句意:鸟儿唱歌很动听。Birds是主语(S),表示动作的执行者;sing是谓语(V),表示主语发出的动作;beautifully是状语(A),用来修饰谓语动词sing,说明唱歌的状态,但此句整体结构是主谓状(SVA)结构。故选E项。 28.Identify the sentence pattern of the following sentence. I found the answer a bit puzzling. A.SVC. B.SVO. C.SVOC. D.SVOiOd. 【答案】C 【详解】考查基本句型。句意:判断下面这个句子的句型。我发现这个答案有点令人费解。I为主语;found为谓语;the answer为宾语;a bit puzzling为宾语补足语。即SVOC句型。故选C。 29.Analyze the sentence pattern of this sentence: My uncle sent me a postcard from Beijing. A.SV B.SVO C.SVC D.SVOiOd 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子结构。句意:我的叔叔从北京寄给我一张明信片。本句中My uncle为主语,sent为谓语,me为间接宾语,a postcard为直接宾语,所以本句为“主+谓+间宾+直宾”结构,故选D项。 30.Analyze the structure of the following sentence:“I hope to be fluent when I graduate.” A.SVOiOd B.SVC C.SVO D.SV 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子成分。句意:我希望毕业时能说得非常流利。S主语为I;V 谓语为hope;O 宾语为to be fluent,故为SVO句型。故选C。 三、其他 分析句子成分并写出基本句型 31.The students agreed.______ 32.My sister is writing a letter.______ 33.I heard him sing a song.______ 34.He asked me to come back soon.______ 35.My teacher gave me a book.______ 36.His face turned red.______ 37.This is an English-Chinese dictionary.______ 38.There are many customs in the village.______ 39.A sports meeting will be held in our school next week.______ 40.I’ll spend the summer holiday in the countryside.______ 【答案】 31.主语+谓语 32.主语+谓语+宾语 33.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 34.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 35.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 36.主语+系动词+表语 37.主语+系动词+表语 38.there be 句型 谓语+主语+地点状语 39.主语+谓语+地点状语+时间状语 40.主语+谓语+宾语+状语 【解析】31.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是主谓结构,The students“学生们”是主语,agreed“同意”是谓语。所以,这个句子的结构是:主语+谓语。 32.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是主谓宾结构,My sister“我的妹妹”是主语,is writing“正在写”是谓语,a letter“一封信”是宾语。所以,这个句子的结构是:主语+谓语+宾语。 33.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是主谓宾宾补结构,I“我”是主语,heard“听到”是谓语,him“他”是宾语,sing a song“唱歌”是省略to的不定式作宾补。所以,这个句子结构是:主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。 34.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是主谓宾宾补结构,He“他”是主语,asked“要求”是谓语,me“我”是宾语,to come back soon“快点回来”是宾补。所以,这个句子结构是:主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。 35.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是主谓双宾结构,My teacher“我的老师”是主语,gave“给”是谓语,me“我”是间接宾语,a book“一本书”是直接宾语。所以,这个句子结构是:主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。 36.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是主系表结构,His face“他的脸”是主语,turned“变成”是系动词,red“红色的”是表语。所以,这个句子结构是:主语+系动词+表语。 37.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是主系表结构,This“这”是主语,is“是”是系动词,an English-Chinese dictionary“一本英汉字典”是表语。所以,这个句子结构是:主语+系动词+表语。 38.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是there be 句型结构,many customs“许多风俗习惯”是主语,There are“有”是谓语,in the village“在村子里”是地点状语。所以,这个句子结构是:there be 句型 谓语+主语+地点状语。 39.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是主谓状结构,A sports meeting“一场运动会”是主语,will be held“将被举办”是谓语,in our school“在我们学校”是地点状语,next week“下周”是时间状语。所以,这个句子结构是:主语+谓语+地点状语+时间状语。 40.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是主谓宾状结构,I“我”是主语,’ll spend“将度过”是谓语,the summer holiday“这个暑假”是宾语,in the countryside“在农村”是地点状语。所以,这个句子结构是:主语+谓语+宾语+地点状语。 写出下列句中黑体部分在句中所作的成分 (1)The exchange students are celebrating the Christmas.____41____ (2)My duty is to make our environment better.____42____ (3)The children are swimming in the swimming pool.____43____ (4)I was glad to see the child well taken care of.____44____ (5)The building designed by her is beautiful.____45____ (6)A lot of green lands have been opened to the public.____46____ (7)Scientists are carrying out experiments to test the effectiveness of the new medicine.____47____ (8)The manager made them work day and night.____48____ 【答案】41.主语 42.表语 43.状语 44.宾语补足语 45.定语 46.谓语 47.宾语 48.宾语补足语 【详解】41.考查句子成分。句意:交换生们正在庆祝圣诞节。名词短语The exchange students作主语,谓语are celebrating,宾语the Christmas。故填:主语。 42.考查句子成分。句意:我的职责是改善我们的环境。主语My duty,系动词is,不定式短语to make our environment better作表语。故填:表语。 43.考查句子成分。句意:孩子们在游泳池里游泳。主语The children,谓语are swimming,介词短语in the swimming pool作状语。故填:状语。 44.考查句子成分。句意:我很高兴看到孩子得到很好的照顾。主语I,was glad是系表型谓语(系动词was +表语glad),不定式短语to see the child well taken care of作宾语,其中包含“see+宾语+宾语补足语”,宾语the child,省略to的不定式短语well taken care of作宾语补足语。故填:宾语补足语。 45.考查句子成分。句意: 她设计的建筑很漂亮。主语The building,过去分词短语designed by her作后置定语修饰The building,系动词is,表语beautiful。故填:定语。 46.考查句子成分。句意:许多绿地已向公众开放。主语A lot of green lands,谓语have been opened,状语to the public。故填:谓语。 47.考查句子成分。句意:科学家们正在进行实验以检验这种新药的有效性。主语Scientists,谓语are carrying out,宾语experiments,不定式短语to test the effectiveness of the new medicine作目的状语。故填:宾语。 48.考查句子成分。句意:经理让他们夜以继日地工作。主语The manager,谓语made,make+宾语+宾语补足语,宾语them,省略to的不定式短语work day and night作宾语补足语。故填:宾语补足语。 阅读下面短文,分析并写出画线句子的基本句型 When ___49___ I first entered the senior high school, I was afraid that no one would make friends with me. ___50___ There were all strangers around me and I was afraid of speaking in front of my new teachers and classmates. What if I couldn’t do well in my studies? Would they laugh at me? ___51___ I became worried and ___52___ I thought a lot. Later, I realized that I should change my mind. So I set goals for myself and tried my best to realize them. Besides, ___53___ I took part in ex-curricular activities actively. Finally I got on well with my classmates and became confident. ___54___ I found my senior high school life really colourful. 【答案】49.主语+谓语+宾语 50.there be句型 51.主语+系动词+表语 52.主语+谓语+宾语 53.主语+谓语+宾语+状语 54.主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 【解析】49.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是主谓宾结构,I“我”是主语,entered “进入”是谓语,the senior high school“高中”是宾语。所以,这个句子的结构是:主语+谓语+宾语。 50.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是there be句型结构,all strangers“所有的陌生人”是主语,There were“有”是谓语,around me“在我周围”是状语。所以,这个句子的结构是:there be句型。 51.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是主系表结构,I“我”是主语,became “变得”是系动词,worried“担心的”是表语。所以,这个句子的结构是:主语+系动词+表语。 52.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是主谓宾结构,I“我”是主语,thought“想”是谓语,a lot“许多”是宾语。所以,这个句子的结构是:主语+谓语+宾语。 53.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是主谓宾状结构,I“我”是主语,took part in“参加”是谓语,ex-curricular activities“课外活动”是宾语,actively“积极地”是状语。所以,这个句子的结构是:主语+谓语+宾语+状语。 54.考查句子结构。分析句子可知,这是主谓宾宾补结构,I“我”是主语,found“发现”是谓语,my senior high school life“我的高中生活”是宾语,really colourful“真丰富多彩”是宾补。所以,这个句子的结构是:主语+谓语+宾语+宾补。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Welcome Unit Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures(知识清单)英语人教版必修第一册
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Welcome Unit Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures(知识清单)英语人教版必修第一册
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Welcome Unit Period 2 Discovering Useful Structures(知识清单)英语人教版必修第一册
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