Unit 4 Natural disasters 新闻报道摘要写作（单元同步写作讲义）英语人教版必修第一册

本高中英语讲义聚焦必修第一册Unit 4“自然灾害”新闻报道摘要写作，系统梳理新闻摘要六大核心要素（时间、地点、灾害、破坏、救援、灾后），构建三段式行文框架（开头引入、主体分层、结尾收尾），并提供功能句型库、标准写作模板等学习支架，形成从考情分析到写作步骤、范文示例及训练题的完整教学链条。 该资料以语言能力培养为核心，通过基础与高分范文对比实现句式梯度升级，结合四步写作流程（通读、筛选、总述、分层、总结）提升学生信息筛选与逻辑整合的思维品质，设计词性转换、句子仿写等训练强化学习能力。课中教师可依托模板与范文高效教学，课后学生通过典例训练查漏补缺，贴合高考命题实际，助力提升应用文写作水平。

必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural disasters 新闻报道摘要写作 Write a Summary of a News Report 话题总览 写作任务 ① 单元核心话题拆解 单元核心写作任务：应用文·新闻摘要 细分场景：概括灾害新闻、复述突发事件报道、提炼救援新闻要点三类场景 ② 高考写作大类归类 归属：应用文（概要写作），隶属高考高频主题大类「自然灾害、人与环境、突发事件」 ③ 高考命题切入点一句话点明 高考常以“地震/洪水/台风等灾害新闻文本”为载体，要求考生提炼事件时间、地点、灾害过程、救援行动、伤亡与灾后举措，语言简洁客观，忠实原文，不添加个人观点。 考查频度：⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️ 考情分析： 1. 体裁分析：概要写作是新高考必考题型，灾害类新闻摘要为热门载体 近三年新高考真题中，2023、2024年均出现灾难类新闻文本概要写作；模拟题大量出现，如台风救援、洪水救灾、地震灾后重建、山林火灾报道概括。 其他常见关联题型：灾害倡议书（2022）、求助信、通知、演讲稿等，需全面复习。 2. 命题形式固定，提纲式为主，给出2-3个明确内容要点 所有题目均采用“新闻原文+概括要求”命题，写作情境完整，通常包含：新闻来源、事件发生背景、核心事件、救援措施、灾后影响。 3. 题材贴近生活，彰显时代与生命教育 自然灾害：地震、洪水、台风、泥石流、山林火灾、极端暴雨； 人文救援：消防救援、志愿者支援、政府救灾、群众互助； 社会热点：防灾科普、应急避险、灾后重建、环境保护、气候灾害，紧扣时代脉搏。 一、命题情景考查（出题载体） 1. 地质灾害类（最高频） 地震山体滑坡、泥石流；房屋损毁、道路中断、人员被困、灾后安置 2. 气象水文灾害类 特大洪水、台风、暴雨内涝、干旱；河道决堤、农田受灾、群众转移 3. 火灾灾害类 山林野火、城市火灾；消防救援、疏散群众、防火宣传 4. 救援行动类 志愿者救灾、军队支援、物资输送、医护人员救治伤员 5. 灾后重建/防灾科普类 家园重建、学校复课、防灾演练、自救知识普及 二、语言能力考查（阅卷评分核心） 1. 格式规范 摘要无书信格式，纯书面概括；语气客观中立，不抒情、不发表个人看法，全部转述原文事实。 2. 逻辑表达 开头：一句话点明新闻核心（时间+地点+灾害事件）； 主体：分层梳理灾害破坏、救援行动，用连接词分层（First of all, Besides, Finally）； 结尾：简要说明灾后措施/事件结果，篇幅简短。 3. 句式梯度 基础：简单句、基础转述句型（It is reported that… / The news says that…）； 高分：非谓语动词、定语从句、状语从句、被动语态（新闻高频）、倒装句、高级转述替换词。 4. 词汇与得体性 替换基础词汇，多用新闻书面词汇；全程客观陈述，不使用主观评价类形容词。 三、思维素养考查（高考命题深层导向） 1. 信息筛选能力 从长篇新闻里抓取关键信息：时间、地点、灾害类型、损失、救援、灾后安排，剔除细节描写； 2. 逻辑整合意识 把分散信息合并精简，避免逐句翻译原文，做到语言凝练； 3. 价值观念导向 敬畏自然、生命至上、互助奉献、防灾自救、团结救灾正向价值观。 四、高频设问形式（题干提问角度） 1. 给出一篇灾害新闻报道，请你用80词左右写一篇内容摘要； 2. 根据这则台风救援新闻，概括主要事件与救援举措； 3. 概括地震新闻：包含灾害破坏、群众救援、灾后重建三方面要点。 本单元写作要求：阅读自然灾害新闻报道，提炼关键信息，完成客观简洁的新闻摘要，不添加个人观点。首先梳理新闻六大核心要素（时间、地点、灾害、破坏、救援、灾后），再分层精简概括。 第一步：锁定本单元写作核心要素 1. 写作任务：概括自然灾害新闻报道，客观转述灾害、救援、灾后相关事实 2. 对应文体：英文新闻摘要（概要写作），文体特点：语言精简、客观中立、忠实原文、无主观评价 3. 写作对象：阅卷老师，书面正式语体，简洁凝练，控制词数80-100词 4. 核心写作要点： ① 新闻总起：事件发生时间、地点、灾害种类； ② 主体分层：灾害造成的损毁、各方救援行动； ③ 结尾简述：灾后安置、重建或防灾后续举措。 第二步：本单元三段式标准行文框架 1. 开头引入（1句）：总起全文，一句话概括新闻核心事件（时间+地点+灾害），开门见山。 2. 主体分层（2-3句核心）：第一层，描写灾害带来的破坏、损失；第二层，分点写政府/军队/志愿者开展的救援行动；两层用过渡词衔接。 3. 结尾收尾（1句）：简要介绍灾后安置、物资援助、重建或防灾工作，收束全文，不额外抒情。 第三步：分层写作思路+英文范文示例 1. 基础保底思路（适配基础薄弱学生） 写作逻辑：句式简单、要点齐全、无复杂语法、条理清晰、词数达标，平铺直叙转述新闻事实。 【基础版范文】 Summary of the News Report A terrible earthquake hit a mountain village at midnight last week. Many houses fell down and roads were broken. Lots of people lost their homes. Soldiers and volunteers arrived soon. They saved trapped people and sent food, water and tents to the villagers. Doctors helped the injured people. Now the government builds safe houses for them. People are receiving daily supplies and will get through the hard time together. 写作升级逻辑：句式升级（复合句、非谓语、被动语态、状语从句）、逻辑递进、词汇高级、内容凝练，删减冗余细节，贴合新闻书面语体。 【高分版范文】 Summary of the News Report A violent earthquake struck a remote mountain village at midnight last week, destroying countless houses and cutting off transport routes, leaving dozens of villagers homeless. Shortly after the disaster, rescue troops together with local volunteers rushed to the spot. Not only did they dig out trapped survivors, but they also delivered daily necessities and medical supplies to those affected. Medical workers provided timely treatment for the wounded. With joint efforts from the government, temporary shelters have been set up and reconstruction work is underway to help villagers rebuild their homes. 【功能句型库】 第一部分：开篇概括新闻核心（摘要开头万能句） 1. It is reported that a violent flood swept across the small town last Friday.据报道，上周五一场特大洪水席卷了这座小镇。 2. This news report covers a heavy typhoon that hit the coastal city three days ago.这篇新闻报道讲述了三天前袭击这座沿海城市的强台风。 3. The news mainly talks about a sudden mudslide and the following rescue operations.这则新闻主要报道突发泥石流以及后续救援行动。 4. According to the report, an earthquake struck the mountain area in the middle of the night.根据报道，午夜时分山区发生了一场地震。 第二部分：介绍灾害破坏、损失（主体第一层） 1. The powerful storm destroyed dozens of buildings and blocked all main roads.强风暴摧毁数十栋建筑，所有主干道全部中断。 2. Many residents were trapped in flooded houses, with daily supplies running short.许多居民被困进水房屋，生活物资紧缺。 3. The landslide buried several villages, making local people lose their shelters overnight.泥石流掩埋数个村庄，当地居民一夜之间无家可归。 4. A large number of crops were ruined, causing huge economic losses to farmers.大量农作物被毁，给农民造成巨大经济损失。 第三部分：描述救援行动（主体第二层） 1. Rescue teams rushed to the disaster-stricken area immediately after the accident.灾害发生后，救援队立刻奔赴受灾区域。 2. Volunteers, together with army officers, spared no effort to dig out survivors.志愿者与官兵合力，尽全力挖掘幸存者。 3. Medical staff were sent to offer first aid to the injured and sick villagers.医护人员被派往灾区，为受伤村民提供急救。 4. Massive supplies including food, blankets and tents were transported to the area.大量食物、毛毯、帐篷等物资被运送至灾区。 第四部分：结尾概括灾后安置/重建工作 1. Temporary shelters have been built to hold homeless villagers temporarily.临时安置点已经搭建，用来安置无家可归的村民。 2. The local government has launched reconstruction projects to rebuild damaged houses.当地政府启动重建工程，修复损毁房屋。 3. Relevant departments have held disaster prevention lectures to raise people’s awareness.相关部门开展防灾宣讲，提升民众防灾意识。 4. With joint support from the whole society, victims will recover from the disaster soon.在全社会共同支援下，受灾群众将很快渡过难关。 【标准写作模板】 模板① Summary of the News Report It is reported that ____________________ (时间+地点+灾害类型). The disaster caused severe damage: ____________________ (房屋/道路/群众受灾情况). Right after the accident, ____________________ (救援人员) carried out rescue work. They ____________________ (具体救援行动) and offered necessities to affected people. To help victims recover, ____________________ (政府/社会举措). All people are working together to get through the difficulty. 模板② Summary of the News Report This news report mainly covers ____________________ (核心灾害事件) that hit ____________________ (地点) on ____________________ (时间). Violent as it was, the disaster brought about ____________________ (损失、破坏). Besides timely rescue from soldiers and volunteers, medical support was provided for the wounded. What’s more, abundant daily supplies were delivered to homeless residents. In the end, the local government took measures for post-disaster reconstruction, aiming to bring people back to normal life as soon as possible. 【升级策略】 1. 新闻摘要写作注意事项 1. 全程客观中立，只转述新闻事实，绝对不能加入个人感受、评价、观点； 2. 信息抓大放小，舍弃环境细节描写，只保留六大核心要素：时间、地点、灾害、损失、救援、灾后； 3. 语言高度精简，禁止照搬原文长句，用非谓语、复合句压缩字数，严格控制80-100词； 4. 多用新闻书面被动语态，符合英文报道文体习惯。 2. 写作四步流程 1. 通读新闻，圈画关键信息（时间、地点、灾害、损毁、救援、灾后） 2. 第一段：一句话总起，概括整篇新闻核心事件 3. 第二段：分层整合灾害破坏+救援行动，用过渡词衔接 4. 第三段：简短总结灾后安置/重建，收尾结束 3. 写作流程图 通读新闻 筛选核心事实 开篇总述事件 分层概括灾害与救援 结尾总结灾后举措 【典例1】 假定你是校英文报编辑，请阅读下面这则地震新闻，写一篇80词左右的新闻摘要。 新闻要点： 1. 时间地点：上周二凌晨，西部山区发生6.2级地震； 2. 灾害损失：大量房屋坍塌，道路断裂，数百村民被困； 3. 救援：军队、志愿者连夜救援，运送物资，医护救治伤员； 4. 灾后：政府搭建临时安置点，启动家园重建。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【审题】 1. 文体：新闻摘要（概要写作） 2. 时态：一般过去时为主，灾后举措可用现在完成时 3. 人称：第三人称客观陈述，无第一人称主观表达 【谋篇】 第一段：一句话点明地震时间、地点、等级 第二段：概括灾害破坏与救援行动 第三段：简述政府灾后重建举措 【高分范文】 Summary of the News Report It is reported that a 6.2-magnitude earthquake struck a western mountainous area early last Tuesday morning. Countless houses collapsed and roads split apart, leaving hundreds of villagers trapped. Overnight, army troops and local volunteers hurried to carry out rescue. They dug out survivors and transported food and tents, while medical workers treated the injured. The government has set up temporary shelters and started reconstruction projects to help affected villagers rebuild their homes. 【典例2】 城郊山林突发野火，大风加剧火势；消防员奋战两昼夜扑灭明火；政府开展防火科普宣传。写一篇80词左右的新闻摘要。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【佳作欣赏】 Summary of the News Report A wildfire broke out in the suburban mountain forest, whose spread was worsened by strong winds. Firefighters fought for two whole days and nights before putting out all open flames. After the disaster, local government organized lectures on forest fire prevention, reminding citizens to raise safety awareness and avoid similar accidents in the future. 一、词性转换训练（新闻高频词转换） 1. destroy → (n.) ______ → (adj.) ______ 2. rescue → (n./v.) ______ → (救援人员) ______ 3. survive → (n.幸存者) ______ → (n.生存) ______ 4. reconstruct → (n.) ______ → (adj.) ______ 【答案】1. destruction; destructive 2. rescue; rescuer 3. survivor; survival 4. reconstruction; reconstructive 二、句子仿写改写 1. 原句：The flood destroyed many houses. It made thousands of people homeless. 合并复合句：________________________________________ 非谓语改写：________________________________________ 2. 原句：Soldiers went to the village. They saved the trapped people. 用分词结构改写：________________________________________ 3. 原句：Volunteers sent lots of supplies to disaster areas. 被动语态改写：________________________________________ 倒装句改写：________________________________________ 4. 原句：We should attach importance to disaster prevention. 高级名词句型改写：________________________________________ 【答案】 The flood destroyed many houses, which made thousands of people homeless. Destroyed by the flood, thousands of people became homeless. Soldiers rushed to the village, saving the trapped people. Plenty of supplies were delivered to disaster-stricken areas by volunteers. Not only did volunteers send supplies, they also offered medical help. There is no denying that disaster prevention deserves great attention. 三、汉译英（新闻摘要标准句式，客观正式） 1. 这场台风摧毁了沿海小镇的大量建筑。 2. 救援队伍一收到消息就奔赴受灾地区。 3. 政府已经搭建临时帐篷安置无家可归的群众。 【答案】 1. The typhoon destroyed a large number of buildings in the coastal town. 2. Rescue teams rushed to the disaster-hit area the moment they received the news. 3. The government has built temporary tents to shelter homeless residents. 四、阅读洪水救援新闻，写80词左右摘要 新闻要点： 1. 上周持续暴雨引发小镇洪水，街道被淹，居民被困家中； 2. 消防人员乘船转移群众，志愿者输送饮用水、食物； 3. 洪水褪去后，工作人员清理街道，开展灾后防疫。 【答案】 Summary of the News Report Continuous heavy rain caused a severe flood in a small town last week, submerging most streets and trapping many residents inside their houses. Firefighters evacuated people by boats, while volunteers delivered clean water and food to those stuck. After the flood retreated, workers cleaned up the whole town and carried out disease prevention work to protect residents’ health. 13 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural disasters 新闻报道摘要写作 话题总览 写作任务 ① 单元核心话题拆解 单元核心写作任务：应用文·新闻摘要 细分场景：概括灾害新闻、复述突发事件报道、提炼救援新闻要点三类场景 ② 高考写作大类归类 归属：应用文（概要写作），隶属高考高频主题大类「自然灾害、人与环境、突发事件」 ③ 高考命题切入点一句话点明 高考常以“地震/洪水/台风等灾害新闻文本”为载体，要求考生提炼事件时间、地点、灾害过程、救援行动、伤亡与灾后举措，语言简洁客观，忠实原文，不添加个人观点。 考查频度：⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️ 考情分析： 1. 体裁分析：概要写作是新高考必考题型，灾害类新闻摘要为热门载体 近三年新高考真题中，2023、2024年均出现灾难类新闻文本概要写作；模拟题大量出现，如台风救援、洪水救灾、地震灾后重建、山林火灾报道概括。 其他常见关联题型：灾害倡议书（2022）、求助信、通知、演讲稿等，需全面复习。 2. 命题形式固定，提纲式为主，给出2-3个明确内容要点 所有题目均采用“新闻原文+概括要求”命题，写作情境完整，通常包含：新闻来源、事件发生背景、核心事件、救援措施、灾后影响。 3. 题材贴近生活，彰显时代与生命教育 自然灾害：地震、洪水、台风、泥石流、山林火灾、极端暴雨； 人文救援：消防救援、志愿者支援、政府救灾、群众互助； 社会热点：防灾科普、应急避险、灾后重建、环境保护、气候灾害，紧扣时代脉搏。 一、命题情景考查（出题载体） 1. 地质灾害类（最高频） 地震山体滑坡、泥石流；房屋损毁、道路中断、人员被困、灾后安置 2. 气象水文灾害类 特大洪水、台风、暴雨内涝、干旱；河道决堤、农田受灾、群众转移 3. 火灾灾害类 山林野火、城市火灾；消防救援、疏散群众、防火宣传 4. 救援行动类 志愿者救灾、军队支援、物资输送、医护人员救治伤员 5. 灾后重建/防灾科普类 家园重建、学校复课、防灾演练、自救知识普及 二、语言能力考查（阅卷评分核心） 1. 格式规范 摘要无书信格式，纯书面概括；语气客观中立，不抒情、不发表个人看法，全部转述原文事实。 2. 逻辑表达 开头：一句话点明新闻核心（时间+地点+灾害事件）； 主体：分层梳理灾害破坏、救援行动，用连接词分层（First of all, Besides, Finally）； 结尾：简要说明灾后措施/事件结果，篇幅简短。 3. 句式梯度 基础：简单句、基础转述句型（It is reported that… / The news says that…）； 高分：非谓语动词、定语从句、状语从句、被动语态（新闻高频）、倒装句、高级转述替换词。 4. 词汇与得体性 替换基础词汇，多用新闻书面词汇；全程客观陈述，不使用主观评价类形容词。 三、思维素养考查（高考命题深层导向） 1. 信息筛选能力 从长篇新闻里抓取关键信息：时间、地点、灾害类型、损失、救援、灾后安排，剔除细节描写； 2. 逻辑整合意识 把分散信息合并精简，避免逐句翻译原文，做到语言凝练； 3. 价值观念导向 敬畏自然、生命至上、互助奉献、防灾自救、团结救灾正向价值观。 四、高频设问形式（题干提问角度） 1. 给出一篇灾害新闻报道，请你用80词左右写一篇内容摘要； 2. 根据这则台风救援新闻，概括主要事件与救援举措； 3. 概括地震新闻：包含灾害破坏、群众救援、灾后重建三方面要点。 本单元写作要求：阅读自然灾害新闻报道，提炼关键信息，完成客观简洁的新闻摘要，不添加个人观点。首先梳理新闻六大核心要素（时间、地点、灾害、破坏、救援、灾后），再分层精简概括。 第一步：锁定本单元写作核心要素 1. 写作任务：概括自然灾害新闻报道，客观转述灾害、救援、灾后相关事实 2. 对应文体：英文新闻摘要（概要写作），文体特点：语言精简、客观中立、忠实原文、无主观评价 3. 写作对象：阅卷老师，书面正式语体，简洁凝练，控制词数80-100词 4. 核心写作要点： ① 新闻总起：事件发生时间、地点、灾害种类； ② 主体分层：灾害造成的损毁、各方救援行动； ③ 结尾简述：灾后安置、重建或防灾后续举措。 第二步：本单元三段式标准行文框架 1. 开头引入（1句）：总起全文，一句话概括新闻核心事件（时间+地点+灾害），开门见山。 2. 主体分层（2-3句核心）：第一层，描写灾害带来的破坏、损失；第二层，分点写政府/军队/志愿者开展的救援行动；两层用过渡词衔接。 3. 结尾收尾（1句）：简要介绍灾后安置、物资援助、重建或防灾工作，收束全文，不额外抒情。 第三步：分层写作思路+英文范文示例 1. 基础保底思路（适配基础薄弱学生） 写作逻辑：句式简单、要点齐全、无复杂语法、条理清晰、词数达标，平铺直叙转述新闻事实。 【基础版范文】 Summary of the News Report A terrible earthquake hit a mountain village at midnight last week. Many houses fell down and roads were broken. Lots of people lost their homes. Soldiers and volunteers arrived soon. They saved trapped people and sent food, water and tents to the villagers. Doctors helped the injured people. Now the government builds safe houses for them. People are receiving daily supplies and will get through the hard time together. 写作升级逻辑：句式升级（复合句、非谓语、被动语态、状语从句）、逻辑递进、词汇高级、内容凝练，删减冗余细节，贴合新闻书面语体。 【高分版范文】 Summary of the News Report A violent earthquake struck a remote mountain village at midnight last week, destroying countless houses and cutting off transport routes, leaving dozens of villagers homeless. Shortly after the disaster, rescue troops together with local volunteers rushed to the spot. Not only did they dig out trapped survivors, but they also delivered daily necessities and medical supplies to those affected. Medical workers provided timely treatment for the wounded. With joint efforts from the government, temporary shelters have been set up and reconstruction work is underway to help villagers rebuild their homes. 【功能句型库】 第一部分：开篇概括新闻核心（摘要开头万能句） 1. It is reported that a violent flood swept across the small town last Friday.据报道，上周五一场特大洪水席卷了这座小镇。 2. This news report covers a heavy typhoon that hit the coastal city three days ago.这篇新闻报道讲述了三天前袭击这座沿海城市的强台风。 3. The news mainly talks about a sudden mudslide and the following rescue operations.这则新闻主要报道突发泥石流以及后续救援行动。 4. According to the report, an earthquake struck the mountain area in the middle of the night.根据报道，午夜时分山区发生了一场地震。 第二部分：介绍灾害破坏、损失（主体第一层） 1. The powerful storm destroyed dozens of buildings and blocked all main roads.强风暴摧毁数十栋建筑，所有主干道全部中断。 2. Many residents were trapped in flooded houses, with daily supplies running short.许多居民被困进水房屋，生活物资紧缺。 3. The landslide buried several villages, making local people lose their shelters overnight.泥石流掩埋数个村庄，当地居民一夜之间无家可归。 4. A large number of crops were ruined, causing huge economic losses to farmers.大量农作物被毁，给农民造成巨大经济损失。 第三部分：描述救援行动（主体第二层） 1. Rescue teams rushed to the disaster-stricken area immediately after the accident.灾害发生后，救援队立刻奔赴受灾区域。 2. Volunteers, together with army officers, spared no effort to dig out survivors.志愿者与官兵合力，尽全力挖掘幸存者。 3. Medical staff were sent to offer first aid to the injured and sick villagers.医护人员被派往灾区，为受伤村民提供急救。 4. Massive supplies including food, blankets and tents were transported to the area.大量食物、毛毯、帐篷等物资被运送至灾区。 第四部分：结尾概括灾后安置/重建工作 1. Temporary shelters have been built to hold homeless villagers temporarily.临时安置点已经搭建，用来安置无家可归的村民。 2. The local government has launched reconstruction projects to rebuild damaged houses.当地政府启动重建工程，修复损毁房屋。 3. Relevant departments have held disaster prevention lectures to raise people’s awareness.相关部门开展防灾宣讲，提升民众防灾意识。 4. With joint support from the whole society, victims will recover from the disaster soon.在全社会共同支援下，受灾群众将很快渡过难关。 【标准写作模板】 模板① Summary of the News Report It is reported that ____________________ (时间+地点+灾害类型). The disaster caused severe damage: ____________________ (房屋/道路/群众受灾情况). Right after the accident, ____________________ (救援人员) carried out rescue work. They ____________________ (具体救援行动) and offered necessities to affected people. To help victims recover, ____________________ (政府/社会举措). All people are working together to get through the difficulty. 模板② Summary of the News Report This news report mainly covers ____________________ (核心灾害事件) that hit ____________________ (地点) on ____________________ (时间). Violent as it was, the disaster brought about ____________________ (损失、破坏). Besides timely rescue from soldiers and volunteers, medical support was provided for the wounded. What’s more, abundant daily supplies were delivered to homeless residents. In the end, the local government took measures for post-disaster reconstruction, aiming to bring people back to normal life as soon as possible. 【升级策略】 1. 新闻摘要写作注意事项 1. 全程客观中立，只转述新闻事实，绝对不能加入个人感受、评价、观点； 2. 信息抓大放小，舍弃环境细节描写，只保留六大核心要素：时间、地点、灾害、损失、救援、灾后； 3. 语言高度精简，禁止照搬原文长句，用非谓语、复合句压缩字数，严格控制80-100词； 4. 多用新闻书面被动语态，符合英文报道文体习惯。 2. 写作四步流程 1. 通读新闻，圈画关键信息（时间、地点、灾害、损毁、救援、灾后） 2. 第一段：一句话总起，概括整篇新闻核心事件 3. 第二段：分层整合灾害破坏+救援行动，用过渡词衔接 4. 第三段：简短总结灾后安置/重建，收尾结束 3. 写作流程图 通读新闻 筛选核心事实 开篇总述事件 分层概括灾害与救援 结尾总结灾后举措 【典例1】 假定你是校英文报编辑，请阅读下面这则地震新闻，写一篇80词左右的新闻摘要。 新闻要点： 1. 时间地点：上周二凌晨，西部山区发生6.2级地震； 2. 灾害损失：大量房屋坍塌，道路断裂，数百村民被困； 3. 救援：军队、志愿者连夜救援，运送物资，医护救治伤员； 4. 灾后：政府搭建临时安置点，启动家园重建。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1. 文体：新闻摘要（概要写作） 2. 时态：一般过去时为主，灾后举措可用现在完成时 3. 人称：第三人称客观陈述，无第一人称主观表达 第一段：一句话点明地震时间、地点、等级 第二段：概括灾害破坏与救援行动 第三段：简述政府灾后重建举措 Summary of the News Report It is reported that a 6.2-magnitude earthquake struck a western mountainous area early last Tuesday morning. Countless houses collapsed and roads split apart, leaving hundreds of villagers trapped. Overnight, army troops and local volunteers hurried to carry out rescue. They dug out survivors and transported food and tents, while medical workers treated the injured. The government has set up temporary shelters and started reconstruction projects to help affected villagers rebuild their homes. 【典例2】 城郊山林突发野火，大风加剧火势；消防员奋战两昼夜扑灭明火；政府开展防火科普宣传。写一篇80词左右的新闻摘要。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary of the News Report A wildfire broke out in the suburban mountain forest, whose spread was worsened by strong winds. Firefighters fought for two whole days and nights before putting out all open flames. After the disaster, local government organized lectures on forest fire prevention, reminding citizens to raise safety awareness and avoid similar accidents in the future. 一、词性转换训练（新闻高频词转换） 1. destroy → (n.) ______ → (adj.) ______ 2. rescue → (n./v.) ______ → (救援人员) ______ 3. survive → (n.幸存者) ______ → (n.生存) ______ 4. reconstruct → (n.) ______ → (adj.) ______ 二、句子仿写改写 1. 原句：The flood destroyed many houses. It made thousands of people homeless. 合并复合句：________________________________________ 非谓语改写：________________________________________ 2. 原句：Soldiers went to the village. They saved the trapped people. 用分词结构改写：________________________________________ 3. 原句：Volunteers sent lots of supplies to disaster areas. 被动语态改写：________________________________________ 倒装句改写：________________________________________ 4. 原句：We should attach importance to disaster prevention. 高级名词句型改写：________________________________________ 三、汉译英（新闻摘要标准句式，客观正式） 1. 这场台风摧毁了沿海小镇的大量建筑。 2. 救援队伍一收到消息就奔赴受灾地区。 3. 政府已经搭建临时帐篷安置无家可归的群众。 四、阅读洪水救援新闻，写80词左右摘要 新闻要点： 1. 上周持续暴雨引发小镇洪水，街道被淹，居民被困家中； 2. 消防人员乘船转移群众，志愿者输送饮用水、食物； 3. 洪水褪去后，工作人员清理街道，开展灾后防疫。 13 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $