Unit 4 Period 2 Reading and Thinking（导学案）英语人教版2019必修第一册

Unit 4 Natural Disasters Period 2 Reading and Thinking（导学案） 【学习目标】 1. 掌握 “natural disaster, warning sign, relief work, reconstruction” 等自然灾害主题词汇，能运用时间线梳理唐山大地震的 “震前预兆 — 震中破坏 — 震后救援重建” 过程，并准确复述文本核心内容。 2. 熟练运用略读（Skimming）、细读（Scanning）等分层阅读策略，能快速定位主题句、提取关键细节（如伤亡数据、救援措施），并识别报告文学（literary journalism）“事实性 + 文学性” 的体裁特征。 3. 分析文本中比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞手法的作用，理解其对增强灾难场景感染力的意义；结合文本探讨唐山复兴的原因，体会 “一方有难，八方支援” 的民族精神与中国救灾模式的文化内涵。 4. 能迁移文本的时间线叙事逻辑与文学化表达，尝试用 “事实 + 修辞” 的方式描述简单的灾害事件，并反思防灾减灾的现实意义 【学习重难点】 教学重点 1. 精准提取文本中 “震前预兆、震中破坏、震后救援重建” 的关键信息，梳理时间线叙事结构，掌握自然灾害主题词汇。 2. 理解报告文学的体裁特征 —— 通过数据（如 “75% factories, 90% homes”）体现真实性和受灾情况的严重性，通过修辞（如 “Bricks...like red autumn leaves”）增强文学感染力。 教学难点 1. 深度解读 “震后救援与重建” 背后的文化内涵，如政府主导、社会协同的救灾模式所体现的制度优势与 “不屈不挠、团结协作” 的民族精神。 2. 迁移文本的阅读与表达策略，运用 “时间线 + 文学化表达” 创作简易灾害报道（如描述一次小型自然灾害的过程）。 【预习清单】 1、 词汇过关（英汉互译）： 1. crack /kræk/ n. ____________vi. & vt. ____________ 2.ruin /'ru:ɪn/ n. & vt. ____________ 3.percent / pəˈsent / n. ____________ 4.brick /brɪk/ n. ____________ 5.metal /'metl/ n. ____________ 6.shock /ʃɒk/ n. ____________vt ____________ 7.electricity / ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti / n____________ 8.trap /træp/ vt. ____________n. ____________ 9. bury / ˈberi / vt. ____________ 10.breathe / bri:ð / vi.& vt. ____________ 11.revive / rɪˈvaɪv / vt.& vi____________ 12.revival / rɪˈvaɪvl/ n. ____________ 13.effort /'efət / n. ____________ 14.unify / ˈju:nɪfaɪ / vi.& vt. ____________ 15.wisdom / ˈwɪzdəm / n. ____________ 16.context/ ˈkɒntekst / n. ____________ 17.suffer / ˈsʌfə(r) / vt. ____________vi. ____________ 二、必备短语 1.太......以至于不能_______________ 2.似乎；好像；仿佛______________ 3.三分之一____________________ 4.成为废墟_________________ 5.come to an end___________________ 6.cut across_________________ 7.the number of _________ 8.把......吹走___________________ 9.数以万计的__________________ 10震惊；吃惊_________________ 11.挖掘出；发现_____________________ 12.不懈的努力______________ 13.bury the dead___________________ 14.provide the medical care____________________ 15.get back up on one’s feet______________________16.suffer from________________________ 【学习过程】 一、情境导入 Activity 1 Lead in Task 1: Look and Discuss 1.What is the earth doing? 2. What will happen if the earth doesn’t sleep at night? 一、读前热身与预测 Task 1 Warming up 1.Work in pairs. Discuss what can happen to a city during a big earthquake? 2. Do you know some earthquakes that happened in China? Task 2 Prediction 1. Read the title and look at the picture, and answer the questions. What happened? What are the people in the picture doing? 2. Now let’s guess what the text is about. THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP The main idea of the text may be : 三、读中理解 Fast reading Task 1: Skim for the main idea and writing type of the text. 1. What’s the main idea of the passage? The passage mainly talks about a/an (what) that happened in (where) at (when). 2. What’s the type of this text? A. a brochure B. a literary journalism（报告文学） C. a novel D. a story Task 2: Skim for the topic sentence of each paragraph. Read and matchIt seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. But hope was not lost. Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. Para 1 Para 2 Para 3 Para 4 Para 5 Careful reading Task 1: Read the text carefully and write down the main idea of each paragraph based on the topic sentences. Para 1 Warning signs before the earthquake. Para 2 Para 3 Para 4 Para 5 Task 2: Divide the text into several parts based on the main idea of each paragraph. Task 3: Read the text carefully and recognise the writing order of it. The text is written in______ order. Task 4: Read for detailed information. Part1 Para : Warning signs Under the ground well water well walls gas On the ground chickens and pigs dogs mice fish Above the ground in the sky were heard The author describes this part by _________________. Part2 Para During the earthquake---damage people of the people who lived there were dead or injured. children were left without parents. The number of the people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than . city of the city factories and buildings, of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone. bridges had fallen. animals cows, pigs, and chickens were dead . The author describes the severity of the damage by . Part 3 Para After the earthquake---rescue the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to those who were and the dead. doctors and nurses came to provide . workers built for survivors whose homes . After the earthquake---revival the government strong support the city’s people tireless efforts the result A home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in , , and . what we learned In times of disasters, people must and show the wisdom to stay and for a brighter future. Task 5: Read for people’s reactions or feelings through the text. occasions Reactions or feelings the warning signs appeared everything began to shake saw the city lay in ruins another big quake occurred various rescue came a new Tangshan was rebuilt 四、读后思考 Task 1 : Language features How do you understand the following sentences? What rhetorical devices does each sentence apply? 1.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end. rhetorical devices applied: 2.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. rhetorical devices applied: 3.Slowly,the city began to breathe again. rhetorical devices applied: Task 2：Read and Guess Scan the text and find the words below. Guess what they mean from the context. ruin brick trap bury Please underline the context with the words given in the text. Task 3: Discussion Work in groups and the following questions: 1. What do you think helped in the revival of Tangshan city? 2. What other cities or towns have gone through similar changes? What lessons can we learn from these events? 五、总结评价 Self-evaluation： Score each aspect in the assessment form according to your performance and achievement in this period. Things I can do. Scores I can skim the text to find out the main idea and the type of the text (literary journalism). 5 4 3 2 1 I can identify the topic sentences of each paragraph and summarize the main content of each part (before, during, after the earthquake). 5 4 3 2 1 I can extract specific details from the text, such as warning signs, casualty figures, and rescue measures. 5 4 3 2 1 I can recognize and explain rhetorical devices in the text (e.g., simile, personification, exaggeration). 5 4 3 2 1 I can discuss the reasons for Tangshan’s revival and the lessons from natural disasters. 5 4 3 2 1 六、拓展应用 作业内容 本节课作业二选一，为分层作业，难度有所区别。基础一般的同学做必做作业，基础较好的同学可以做必做作业和选做作业。 必做作业： 1. 整理完善本节课的思维导图 2. 完成课本51页练习5 选做作业： 如果你有机会成为一名志愿者，帮助地震灾区的幸存者，你会做些什么？请用英文写一段短文，阐述你的想法。 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Natural Disasters Period 2 Reading and Thinking（导学案） 【学习目标】 1. 掌握 “natural disaster, warning sign, relief work, reconstruction” 等自然灾害主题词汇，能运用时间线梳理唐山大地震的 “震前预兆 — 震中破坏 — 震后救援重建” 过程，并准确复述文本核心内容。 2. 熟练运用略读（Skimming）、细读（Scanning）等分层阅读策略，能快速定位主题句、提取关键细节（如伤亡数据、救援措施），并识别报告文学（literary journalism）“事实性 + 文学性” 的体裁特征。 3. 分析文本中比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞手法的作用，理解其对增强灾难场景感染力的意义；结合文本探讨唐山复兴的原因，体会 “一方有难，八方支援” 的民族精神与中国救灾模式的文化内涵。 4. 能迁移文本的时间线叙事逻辑与文学化表达，尝试用 “事实 + 修辞” 的方式描述简单的灾害事件，并反思防灾减灾的现实意义 【学习重难点】 教学重点 1. 精准提取文本中 “震前预兆、震中破坏、震后救援重建” 的关键信息，梳理时间线叙事结构，掌握自然灾害主题词汇。 2. 理解报告文学的体裁特征 —— 通过数据（如 “75% factories, 90% homes”）体现真实性和受灾情况的严重性，通过修辞（如 “Bricks...like red autumn leaves”）增强文学感染力。 教学难点 1. 深度解读 “震后救援与重建” 背后的文化内涵，如政府主导、社会协同的救灾模式所体现的制度优势与 “不屈不挠、团结协作” 的民族精神。 2. 迁移文本的阅读与表达策略，运用 “时间线 + 文学化表达” 创作简易灾害报道（如描述一次小型自然灾害的过程）。 【预习清单】 1、 词汇过关（英汉互译）： 1. crack /kræk/ n. ____________vi. & vt. ____________ 2.ruin /'ru:ɪn/ n. & vt. ____________ 3.percent / pəˈsent / n. ____________ 4.brick /brɪk/ n. ____________ 5.metal /'metl/ n. ____________ 6.shock /ʃɒk/ n. ____________vt ____________ 7.electricity / ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti / n____________ 8.trap /træp/ vt. ____________n. ____________ 9. bury / ˈberi / vt. ____________ 10.breathe / bri:ð / vi.& vt. ____________ 11.revive / rɪˈvaɪv / vt.& vi____________ 12.revival / rɪˈvaɪvl/ n. ____________ 13.effort /'efət / n. ____________ 14.unify / ˈju:nɪfaɪ / vi.& vt. ____________ 15.wisdom / ˈwɪzdəm / n. ____________ 16.context/ ˈkɒntekst / n. ____________ 17.suffer / ˈsʌfə(r) / vt. ____________vi. ____________ 二、必备短语 1.太......以至于不能_______________ 2.似乎；好像；仿佛______________ 3.三分之一____________________ 4.成为废墟_________________ 5.come to an end___________________ 6.cut across_________________ 7.the number of _________ 8.把......吹走___________________ 9.数以万计的__________________ 10震惊；吃惊_________________ 11.挖掘出；发现_____________________ 12.不懈的努力______________ 13.bury the dead___________________ 14.provide the medical care____________________ 15.get back up on one’s feet______________________16.suffer from________________________ 【答案】 一、词汇过关（英汉互译）： 1. n.裂纹 ；裂缝 vi. & vt. (使 ）破裂 2. n. & vt. 破坏；毁坏 3. n. 百分之 .... 4. n. 砖 ；砖块 5. n. 金属 6. n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt (使 ）震惊 7. n.电；电能 8. vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n. 险境；陷阱 9. vt. 埋葬；安葬 10. vi.& vt.呼吸 11. vt.& vi复活；（使 ）苏醒 12. n. 振兴；复苏 13. n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 14. vi.& vt. 统一；（使 ）成一体 15. n. 智慧；才智 16. n. 上下文；语境；背景 17. vt. 遭受；蒙受vi. ( 因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦 二、必备短语 1. too…to… 2. as if 3. one-third 4. in ruins 5. 结束 6. 切断；穿过 7. …的数量 8. blow away 9. tens of thousands of 10. in shock 11.dig out 12. tireless efforts 13. 埋葬死者 14. 提供医疗服务 15. 重新站起来 16.因……而痛苦；患有（疾病等） 【学习过程】 一、情境导入 Activity 1 Lead in Task 1: Look and Discuss 1.What is the earth doing? 2. What will happen if the earth doesn’t sleep at night? 【答案】 1.She is sleeping. 2.Maybe she is ill or something terrible would happen, such as an earthquake. 一、读前热身与预测 Task 1 Warming up 1.Work in pairs. Discuss what can happen to a city during a big earthquake? 【答案】 Possible Answer: · A city can be damaged in an earthquake. · The electricity can go down. · The water can be unsafe to drink. · Fires can start. · People can panic or get severely injured. · ... 2. Do you know some earthquakes that happened in China? 【答案】 Jishishan Dec.18th 2023 Yaan April 20th 2013 Yushu April 14th 2010 Wenchuan May 12th 2008 Tangshan July 28th 1976 Task 2 Prediction 1. Read the title and look at the picture, and answer the questions. What happened? What are the people in the picture doing? 【答案】 An earthquake occurred. People are lifting rubble from collapsed buildings. They re participating in earthquake rescue work. 2. Now let’s guess what the text is about. THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP The main idea of the text may be : 【参考答案】 when where what An earthquake occurred at night somewhere on the earth. 三、读中理解 Fast reading Task 1: Skim for the main idea and writing type of the text. 1. What’s the main idea of the passage? The passage mainly talks about a/an (what) that happened in (where) at (when). 2. What’s the type of this text? A. a brochure B. a literary journalism（报告文学） C. a novel D. a story 【答案】 1.Earthquake Tangshan 3:42 am on July 28th 1976 2.B Task 2: Skim for the topic sentence of each paragraph. Read and matchIt seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. But hope was not lost. Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. Para 1 Para 2 Para 3 Para 4 Para 5 【答案】It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet. Nearly everything in the city was destroyed. But hope was not lost. Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeastern Hebei. Para 1 Para 2 Para 3 Para 4 Para 5 Careful reading Task 1: Read the text carefully and write down the main idea of each paragraph based on the topic sentences. Para 1 Warning signs before the earthquake. Para 2 Para 3 Para 4 Para 5 【答案】 Para 1 Warning signs before the earthquake. Para 2 The happening of the big earthquake. Para 3 The immediate effects of the earthquake. Para 4 The rescue work after the earthquake. Para 5 The revival of the city. Task 2: Divide the text into several parts based on the main idea of each paragraph. Task 3: Read the text carefully and recognise the writing order of it. The text is written in______ order. 【答案】 Time Task 4: Read for detailed information. Part1 Para : Warning signs Under the ground well water well walls gas On the ground chickens and pigs dogs mice fish Above the ground in the sky were heard The author describes this part by _________________. Part2 Para During the earthquake---damage people of the people who lived there were dead or injured. children were left without parents. The number of the people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than . city of the city factories and buildings, of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone. bridges had fallen. animals cows, pigs, and chickens were dead . The author describes the severity of the damage by . Part 3 Para After the earthquake---rescue the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to those who were and the dead. doctors and nurses came to provide . workers built for survivors whose homes . After the earthquake---revival the government strong support the city’s people tireless efforts the result A home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in , , and . what we learned In times of disasters, people must and show the wisdom to stay and for a brighter future. 【答案】 Part1 Para 1: Warning signs Under the ground well water rose and fell, rose and fell well walls deep cracks smelly gas On the ground chickens and pigs were too nervous to eat dogs refused to go inside mice ran out to look for places to hide fish jumped out of water Above the ground bright lights in the sky loud noises were heard The author describes this part by _giving examples________________. Part2 Para2-3 During the earthquake---damage people Two thirds of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children were left without parents. The number of the people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than_400,000 . city 75% of the city factories and buildings, 90% of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone. Most bridges had fallen. animals Tens of thousands of cows, hundreds of thousands of pigs, and_millions of__ chickens were dead . The author describes the severity of the damage by _giving numbers__. Part 3 Para 4-5 After the earthquake---rescue the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. doctors and nurses came to provide medical care . workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed . After the earthquake---revival the government strong support the city’s people tireless efforts the result A home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry, and environment . what we learned In times of disasters, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future. Task 5: Read for people’s reactions or feelings through the text. occasions Reactions or feelings the warning signs appeared everything began to shake saw the city lay in ruins another big quake occurred various rescue came a new Tangshan was rebuilt 【答案】 occasions Reactions or feelings the warning signs appeared ignored unaware everything began to shake panicked shocked saw the city lay in ruins frightened hopeless another big quake occurred scared anxious various rescue came hopeful grateful a new Tangshan was rebuilt gratitude happy 四、读后思考 Task 1 : Language features How do you understand the following sentences? What rhetorical devices does each sentence apply? 1.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end. rhetorical devices applied: 2.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. rhetorical devices applied: 3.Slowly,the city began to breathe again. rhetorical devices applied: 【答案】 1.Exaggeration 2.Simile 3.Personification Task 2：Read and Guess Scan the text and find the words below. Guess what they mean from the context. ruin brick trap bury Please underline the context with the words given in the text. 【答案】 1. A huge crack, eight kilometers long and 30 meters wide, cut across houses, roads, and waterways. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. 2. About 75percent of the city’s factories and buildings, 90 percent of its homes and all of its hospitals were gone. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves, but no wind could blow them away. 3. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. Task 3: Discussion Work in groups and the following questions: 1. What do you think helped in the revival of Tangshan city? 2. What other cities or towns have gone through similar changes? What lessons can we learn from these events? 【参考答案】 1.strong support from the government tireless efforts of the city’s people various help from the whole nation Most importantly: the earthquake resistance spirit 2.Lessons we can learn: in times of disasters we must: unify stay positive have confidence before disasters we need to have: scientific preparedness pre-disaster planning public education ... 五、总结评价 Self-evaluation： Score each aspect in the assessment form according to your performance and achievement in this period. Things I can do. Scores I can skim the text to find out the main idea and the type of the text (literary journalism). 5 4 3 2 1 I can identify the topic sentences of each paragraph and summarize the main content of each part (before, during, after the earthquake). 5 4 3 2 1 I can extract specific details from the text, such as warning signs, casualty figures, and rescue measures. 5 4 3 2 1 I can recognize and explain rhetorical devices in the text (e.g., simile, personification, exaggeration). 5 4 3 2 1 I can discuss the reasons for Tangshan’s revival and the lessons from natural disasters. 5 4 3 2 1 六、拓展应用 作业内容 本节课作业二选一，为分层作业，难度有所区别。基础一般的同学做必做作业，基础较好的同学可以做必做作业和选做作业。 必做作业： 1. 整理完善本节课的思维导图 2. 完成课本51页练习5 选做作业： 如果你有机会成为一名志愿者，帮助地震灾区的幸存者，你会做些什么？请用英文写一段短文，阐述你的想法。 【参考答案】 If I had the chance to be a volunteer helping earthquake survivors, I would focus on three key things. First, I’d provide immediate practical aid—distributing clean water, food, and blankets to those in need, especially the elderly and children who are more vulnerable. Simple acts like sharing a warm drink or wrapping a blanket around someone could ease their physical discomfort. Second, I’d offer emotional support. Many survivors might feel scared, hopeless, or lonely after losing their homes or loved ones. I’d sit with them, listen to their stories patiently, and remind them they’re not alone. A gentle smile, a reassuring word, or just being present could help lift their spirits. Lastly, I’d assist in organizing temporary shelters and connecting survivors with rescue teams. Helping to clear debris, set up tents, or guide people to safe zones would contribute to restoring order. I’d also share basic safety tips, like how to stay calm during aftershocks, to help them feel more in control. In times of disaster, every small effort counts. My goal would be to bring a little comfort, hope, and practical help to those facing such a tough situation. 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$