Unit5语法(后缀-ty和-ity)讲解与练习（导学案）2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语九年级上册

该初中英语导学案聚焦名词后缀-ty/-ity的语法知识，引导学生掌握形容词变名词的规则，通过“形容词变名词，结尾加 ty/ity，表‘……的性质/状态’”口诀建立整体认知，再分-ty（直接加、特殊变形）和-ity（-ble/-al/-ive/-id结尾变形）细化规则，形成从整体到细节的学习支架，衔接形容词词性转换基础。 该导学案亮点在于超详细规则拆解（含易混对比）和多样专项练习（释义、填空、单选、汉译英），助力学生系统掌握词性转换提升语言能力，通过对比分析培养思维品质，总结表与分层练习支持自主学习发展学习能力。

Unit5 A Path Toward a Better World语法讲解与练习 名词后缀-ty / -ity超详细讲解 一、整体总认知 -ty与-ity 都是名词后缀，专门用来把形容词 →名词，表示“某种性质、状态、程度、特征”。 简单口诀：形容词变名词，结尾加 ty/ity，表“……的性质/状态” 二、后缀-ty详细讲解 后缀-ty含义：……的性质、状态、程度 1. 变形万能规则（逐条细化） 规则 1：大部分形容词，直接加 ty 结构：形容词+ ty 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 safe → safety 安全 pure → purity 纯净 cruel → cruelty 残忍 例句： We care about their safety. 我们关心他们的安全。 规则 2：特殊变形，不规则拼写，单独记忆 1.long → length 长度 2.strong → strength 力量 3.wide → width 宽度 4.deep → depth 深度 5.high → height 高度 例句： What’s the height of this building? 这栋楼有多高？ 补充小总结 1.普通短形容词直接+ ty； 2.长/深/高/宽/强这类词元音变化，特殊记。 三、后缀 -ity 详细讲解 1. 核心规则 -ity 多用于结尾为 -ble / -al / -ive / -id 等,含义同样：……的性质、状态、特征 2. 细分变形规律（考试必考） 规律①：形容词以-ble 结尾 → 变ble → bility possible (adj. 可能的) → possibility (n.可能性) responsible (adj. 有责任的) → responsibility (n.责任) (固定变形，无reasonability写法，属于易错误区) 规律②：形容词以-al 结尾→直接+ ity national (adj. 国家的) → nationality (n. 国籍) 规律③：形容词以 -id / -ive 结尾 → + ity active (adj. 积极的) → activity (n.活动、积极性) solid (adj. 固体的) → solidity (坚固性) 四、超级易混对比（考试最爱考、最容易错） 1. safe (adj.) 安全的 → safety (ty) ✅ 2. pure (adj.) 纯净的 → purity (ty) ✅ 3. real (adj.) 真实的 → reality (ity) ✅（固定变形，特殊记忆） 4. able (adj.) 能够的 → ability (ity) ✅ 5. active (adj.) 积极的 → activity (ity) ✅ 6. possible (adj.) 可能的 → possibility (ity) ✅ 五、词性转换核心总结表（背诵版） 形容词(adj.) + ty/ity → 名词(n.) （性质/状态） pure 纯净的 → purity 纯净 safe 安全的 → safety 安全 real 真实的 → reality 现实 able 有能力的 → ability 能力 active 积极的 → activity 活动 possible 可能的 → possibility 可能性 【专项配套练习】 题型一：写出下列单词的中文释义 要求：准确写出每个后缀变形名词的中文含义 1. safety ________ 2. purity ________ 3. reality ________ 4. ability ________ 5. density ________ 6. possibility ________ 7. responsibility ________ 8. activity ________ 9. solidity ________ 10. truth ________ 11. quality ________ 12. equality ________ 13. specialty ________ 14. stability ________ 15. creativity ________ 16. sensitivity ________ 17. maturity ________ 18. simplicity ________ 19. diversity ________ 20. security ________ 题型二：用所给词的正确形式填空 根据句意，用括号内形容词的正确后缀名词形式填空 1. We should pay attention to our ________ (safe) in nature. 2. The ________ (pure) of mountain water makes it special. 3. Everyone hopes for ________ (real) peace on the earth. 4. Different animals have different ________ (able) to live in nature. 5. There is no ________ (possible) of life on this dry desert. 6. Students should take ________ (responsible) for protecting the environment. 7. Outdoor ________ (active) make us close to mother nature. 8. We admire the ________ (true) and kindness of wild animals. 9. The ________ (dense) of forests helps protect our earth. 10. The ________ (stable) of the ecosystem is very important. 11. Everyone has the ________ (equal) to protect nature. 12. The ________ (create) of humans changes the natural world. 13. We need the ________ (simple) of life in nature. 14. The ________ (mature) of trees takes many years. 15. The park shows great ________ (diverse) of plants. 题型三：单项选择 1. The ________ of the environment is our duty. A. safe B. safely C. safety D. safeness 2. We all believe in the ________ of natural rules. A. true B. truth C. truly D. trueness 3. The ________ of finishing the work is very high. A. possible B. possibility C. possibly D. impossibility 4. Every student has the ________ to learn and protect nature. A. able B. ability C. ableness D. ablely 5. Outdoor ________ are good for our body and mind. A. activity B. activities C. active D. activation 6. The ________ of the forest protects wild animals. A. pure B. purity C. purely D. pureness 7. He takes full ________ for environmental protection. A. responsible B. responsibility C. responsibly D. responsibleness 8. We should face the ________ of natural pollution. A. real B. reality C. really D. realness 9. The ________ of the crowd makes the air bad. A. dense B. density C. densely D. denseness 10. The ecosystem needs long-term ________. A. stable B. stability C. stably D. stableness 11. ________ between all living things keeps nature balanced. A. Equal B. Equality C. Equally D. equalness 12. The ________ of new ideas helps protect nature better. A. creative B. creativity C. creatively D. creativeness 13. The ________ of natural life is amazing. A. diverse B. diversity C. diversely D. diverseness 14. The ________ of the plan makes it easy to carry out. A. simple B. simplicity C. simply D. simpleness 15. The ________ of plants needs enough water and sunshine. A. mature B. maturity C. maturely D. matureness 题型四：汉译英 1. 我们必须重视自然环境的安全。 _________________________________________ 2. 山水的纯净让人心旷神怡。 _________________________________________ 3. 每个人都有保护环境的责任。 _________________________________________ 4. 户外多样化的活动能让我们亲近自然。 _________________________________________ 5. 我们无法否认环境污染的现实。 _________________________________________ Keys 题型一：单词释义 1. 安全 2. 纯净；纯洁 3. 现实；真实 4. 能力 5. 密度 6. 可能性 7. 责任 8. 活动；积极性 9. 坚固性 10. 真相；真实 11. 质量；品质 12. 平等 13. 特色；专长 14. 稳定性 15. 创造力 16. 敏感度 17. 成熟 18. 简单；朴素 19. 多样性 20. 安全；保障 题型二：词形填空 1. safety 2. purity 3. reality 4. abilities 5. possibility 6. responsibility 7. activities 8. truth 9. density 10. stability 11. equality 12. creativity 13. simplicity 14. maturity 15. diversity 题型三：单项选择 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.B 14.B 15.B 题型四：汉译英参考 1. We must pay attention to the safety of the natural environment. 2. The purity of mountains and rivers makes people relaxed and happy. 3. Everyone has the responsibility to protect the environment. 4. Diverse outdoor activities can make us close to nature. 5. We cannot deny the reality of environmental pollution. $