Unit 4 Period 3 Integrated skills（分层作业）英语译林版必修第一册

**基本信息** 高中英语新授课同步练，分层清晰，从基础词汇语法到语篇综合应用，适配课时目标，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|核心短语、基础词汇|短语翻译（如“多亏，归功于”）、单词拼写，夯实语言基础| |B组能力进阶|词汇语境运用、语法规则|单句语法填空（如时态、介词）、完成句子，强化语言应用| |C组思维拔高|语篇理解、逻辑分析|阅读理解（认知能力研究）、七选五（幸福建议），提升思维品质| |拓展链接高考|高考题型适配|高考真题（2023北京卷七选五），衔接升学需求|

分层作业 Unit 4 Period 3 Integrated skills 1、 下列短语翻译为英文 1．thanks to 2．in case 3．be busy doing sth. 4．in memory of sb. 5．wave at 6．refuse to do sth. 7．benefit from... 8．hear from sb. 9．stay up 10．live up to 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1. saying 2. treatment 3. beauty 4. campus 5. female 6. addition 7. male 8. hanging 9. surgeries 10. fashion 三、单句语法填空 1. fashionable 2. up 3. on 4. guys 5. that/which 6. achievement 7. concerned 8. to guard 9. to 10. when 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. build a green campus 2. live up to 3. In addition 4. worn-out jeans 5. keep up with the latest fashion 6. saying comes to life 7. living expenses end up 8. hang over 9. literally took their breath away 10. took their breath exceptional beauty 五、语法填空 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述运动和充足睡眠对青少年健康的重要性。 1．and 考查连词。句意：锻炼是一种能让你看起来好、感觉好并且健康的运动。分析句子可知，look good，feel good与be healthy之间是并列关系。 2．exercising 考查非谓语动词。句意：专家建议青少年每周锻炼五次，每次至少30分钟。spend+时间+(in) doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，空处需填动名词作宾语。 3．a 考查冠词。句意：步行和骑自行车算作锻炼，学校的体育活动也算。ride a bike为固定搭配，意为“骑自行车”。 4．saying 考查非谓语动词。句意：通常，青少年放弃运动，说他们学习后没有时间。空处填非谓语动词，teenagers和say之间是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语。 5．teenagers 考查名词的数。句意：许多青少年惊讶地发现，当他们运动时，他们的身体会产生一些化学物质，使他们感到平静和放松，并提高他们学习时的注意力。many后接可数名词复数，teenager是可数名词，故填。 6．考查形容词。句意同上。空处填形容词与peaceful并列做feel的表语，主语是they，表示人感到放松的，用relaxed。 7．is 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每晚充足的睡眠对你的健康也很重要。空处填谓语动词，根据时间状语“every night”可知，句子用一般现在时，主语是A good amount of sleep，谓语动词用单数。 8．your 考查代词。句意：当你睡觉时，你的身体会为新的一天做好准备。空处填形容词性物主代词修饰名词body。 9．Actually 考查副词。句意：事实上，睡眠不足会让你看起来很疲惫，甚至会导致你体重增加。空处填副词修饰后文整个句子，actual的副词是actually，置于句首，首字母大写。 10．better 考查形容词比较级。句意：如果你按照上面的建议去做，你会看起来和感觉比以前好得多。根据much和than可知，空处填比较级。 六、阅读理解 【文章大意】本文主要介绍的是一项研究发现：中老年人定期帮助他人，能显著减缓认知能力衰退，且日常帮助与有组织的帮助效果相当。 1． B细节理解题。根据第一段“A study led by researchers from the University of Texas at Austin and University of Massachusetts Boston reports that regularly helping people can clearly slow the drop in cognitive (认知的) ability in middle-aged and older adults. (得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校和马萨诸塞大学波士顿分校的研究人员开展的一项研究表明，定期帮助他人可以显著减缓中老年人的认知能力下降。)”可知，研究结果表明帮助别人有助于老年人的大脑健康。 2．A推理判断题。根据第四段“‘It was a pleasant surprise to find that everyday help offers benefits for the mind that are as good as organized help,’ said Han, challenging the idea that it offers fewer benefits due to lack of public recognition. (韩说：‘发现日常帮助对大脑的益处与有组织的帮助相当，这是一个令人惊喜的发现。’这一观点对‘日常帮助因缺乏公众认可而益处更少’的看法提出了质疑。)”可推知，Han对于日常帮助持积极态度。 3．B 推理判断题。根据第五段“The researchers looked at national data, taking into account factors like wealth, health, and education. Even after adjusting for these, the decline in cognitive ability tended to slow when people began and kept up helping behaviors. (研究人员查阅了全国性数据，考虑了财富、健康和教育等因素。即使在对这些因素进行调整之后，当人们开始并持续保持助人行为时，认知能力的衰退速度也往往会放缓。)”可推知，研究人员考虑其他因素，这是控制变量、排除干扰因素的研究方法，目的是让研究结论更严谨、可靠。 4．C词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Overall, helping others may support brain health by mitigating mental stress and strengthening social bonds that provide emotional support. (帮助他人可以通过mitigating心理压力、加强能提供情感支持的社会联系来维护大脑健康。)”可知，帮助别人对大脑健康有好处。由此推测，它可以降低心理压力。因此画线词的意思应该是“降低；减少”，与reduce同义。 七、七选五 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个使人精神愉悦的方法。 1．F 根据下文“Please treat yourself with kindness as you overcome these challenges because it makes the journey more bearable. (在克服这些挑战时，请善待自己，因为这会让旅程更容易忍受)”可知，此处应该指出一些令人不愉快的精神上的挑战。所以F项“Most people are likely to struggle with regret, sadness, or pain. (大多数人可能都在与遗憾、悲伤或痛苦作斗争)”符合题意。 2．D根据上文“Keep the hope alive. Whatever you are going through, there is almost always hope. Many hardships improve with time or problem-solving. (保持希望不灭。无论你正在经历什么，几乎总是有希望的。许多困难会随着时间的推移或问题的解决而改善)”可知，此处顺承上句，讲述要积极面对未来。所以D项“So remember to keep an eye on the future. (所以记住要着眼于未来)”符合题意。 3．A此处为段落主题句。根据下文“If you have not heard from a friend for a while, give them a call. (如果你有段时间没收到朋友的消息了，那就给他们打个电话吧)”可知，描述的是主动联系很久没见的朋友这种行为。A项“Reach out to others. (主动联系他人)”是对这一行为的概括，统领全段，符合题意。 4．C根据上文“In our lives, many do wrong to us. Sometimes, it is a stranger. (在我们的生活中，许多人对我们做了错事。有时，这是一个陌生人)”可知，此处应该指出另外一些伤害我们的人，所以C项“But it can also be someone near us. (但也可能是我们身边的人)”符合语境。 5．B本段首句指出“See the joy. (看到快乐)”，所以本段从保持乐观情绪的角度说明主题。上文提到“You need to create a culture of joy and thankfulness for the many lucky things around you. This helps you to focus more on the positive parts of your experience than the negative ones. (你需要为你周围的许多幸运的事情创造一种快乐和感恩的文化。这有助于你更多地关注你经历的积极方面，而不是消极方面)”由此可知，空格处应该是这种做法的好处。所以B项“It is protective for feelings. (它是对感情的保护)”符合语境。 八、阅读理解 【文章大意】主要讲述百岁老人莱斯利住在赖特为他设计的老宅中，守护建筑并投身赖特建筑保护事业的故事。 1．A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. (但这并不是他引以为傲的事。莱斯利坐在这位知名建筑师设计的房子明亮开阔的客厅里说道：“我是弗兰克・劳埃德・赖特最后一位在世的原始业主，仍然住在他为我设计的房子里。”)”可知，莱斯利以此为荣，内心倍感荣幸。 2．D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join.(后来他们听说了尤索尼亚。他们第一次前去时，已经定居在那里的十户人家热情地接待了他们，于是他们决定搬来定居。)”可知，当地居民的热情温暖打动了他，促使他定居于尤索尼亚。 3．B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture.(这座房子有着赖特标志性风格，采用本地材料建造，平顶、木镶板、水泥地面以及定制家具。)”可知，关于莱斯利的房子，我们能了解到它使用了当地材料。 4．A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings.(莱斯利说他尽力好好守护自己居住的赖特建筑，也守护其余所有赖特作品；他联合创立保护协会，专门留存赖特现存建筑。)”可知，莱斯利深深眷恋、珍视所有赖特设计的建筑，由此推断出莱斯利对赖特的建筑怀有深厚感情。 九、七选五 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择高校提供了一些建议。 1．D根据空前内容“It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.(对于美国的学生和他们的家人来说，这是一年中既快乐又紧张的时刻，因为他们要决定去哪里上大学。家庭经常求助于排名系统来帮助做决定。)”可知，美国的学生和家人们在决定去哪儿上大学时，经常求助于排名系统。而根据下文第三段“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. (最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”可推断出，本文主要讲述的是排名方面出现的问题。选项D“However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.(然而，排名忽略了一个关键因素：教学质量。)”延续上文内容，指出大学排名存在的问题；而根据下文内容也可以推断，排名中存在的问题是教学质量被忽略。 2．F根据空前内容“When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings.(作为一名研究高等教育的学者，当我与一些家庭交谈时，他们常常惊讶地发现，优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名。)”可知，大学排名中优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名让人们觉得很惊讶。选项F“They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.(更让他们惊讶的是，大学竟然低估了教学的价值。)”延续上文内容，指的都是大学排名忽略教学质量。其中“more surprised”和上文的“surprised”保持一致。 3．G空前内容“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities.(最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”以及空后内容“The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.(考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中没有优秀教学令人惊讶。优质教学是衡量大学成绩的最重要因素之一。)”讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑到教学。选项G“In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.(事实上，大学经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上。)”与上下文内容相一致。 4．B根据空前内容“Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.(然而，排名只是高等教育中对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。管理者通常不会将卓越的教学视为增加入学率或资金的一种方式。)”可知，上文分析了教学不被纳入排名的原因，该空应该讲其后果。选项B“Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.(因此，它在招聘或晋升中不受重视。)”是上文内容的延续，正因为管理人员通常不把卓越的教学视为增加入学率或增加资金的一种方式，所以教学在招聘和晋升中不受重视。 5．E根据下文内容“Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.(尽管如此，在拥有高质量教学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和增加入学人数之前，不会有太大变化。从长远来看，大学、学校排名组织和其他机构应该努力使教学成为使命的一个有价值的核心部分。)”可知，此处算是站在大学的角度，提出如何把教学当成他们的首要核心任务。根据“Nevertheless”可知，空处内容和下文内容存在转折关系。选项E“Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.(在最近，努力改进教学水平的现象已经出现了。)”与下文形成转折，旨在说明，促使教学成为核心任务的艰巨性和重要性。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 4 Period 3 Integrated skills 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 1．多亏，归功于________ 2．以防万一________ 3．忙于做某事________ 4．为了纪念某人________ 5．朝……挥手________ 6．拒绝做某事________ 7．从……中获益________ 8．收到某人的来信________ 9．熬夜________ 10．符合（标准），不负（盛名）________ 【答案】 1．thanks to 2．in case 3．be busy doing sth. 4．in memory of sb. 5．wave at 6．refuse to do sth. 7．benefit from... 8．hear from sb. 9．stay up 10．live up to 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1．As the old  s________ goes, “Money isn’t everything.” 2．There have been great advances in the t________ of cancer. 3．The new building destroyed the b_______ (美丽) of the countryside. 4．Let’s work together to keep the __________ clean and beautiful for the health and happiness of everyone. 5．Pando is the first f________ climber in China to reach the summit of Mount Everest. She wins great honor for all the Chinese women. 6．In ________ (除……之外), important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science. 7．Both m________ and female applicants are welcome for this job. 8．The possibility of failing in the exam is h________ over her. 9．To treat his complex condition, the doctor decided to schedule three separate s________ (手术) over the next two months. 10．But some ecologists and ______________ (时尚) enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria. 【答案】 1. saying 2. treatment 3. beauty 4. campus 5. female 6. addition 7. male 8. hanging 9. surgeries 10. fashion 三、单句语法填空 1．Nowadays, everyone in the city is very clothes-conscious and (fashion). 2．Large amounts of dangerous materials end being released into the surrounding air and water. 3．There are many interesting events campus during the first week for the newcomers. 4．These (guy) got angry and trashed the bar. 5．The folk treatment originated in ancient China has enjoyed huge popularity among the older generation. 6．The discovery of DNA was a major scientific (achieve). 7．My parents were (concern) about my apparent lack of enthusiasm for study. 8．After good treatment, the old man got over the illness and what he needs now is (guard) against the recurrence of it. 9．The film didn’t really live up our expectations. 10．We are living in an age QR codes(二维码)are becoming more and more popular in our daily life. 【答案】 1. fashionable 2. up 3. on 4. guys 5. that/which 6. achievement 7. concerned 8. to guard 9. to 10. when 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．学校可以通过安装节能灯具和回收箱来打造绿色校园。 Schools can________________ by installing energy-efficient lighting and recycling bins. 2．他总是努力达到父母的期望。 He always tries to ________________ his parents’ expectations. 3．此外，我坚信有志者事竟成。 ________________ , I’m convinced that where there is a will, there is a way. 4．一些青少年喜欢穿破洞牛仔裤来展现自己的个性风格。 Some teenagers like to wear  ________________ to show their own style. 5．许多年轻人不追赶最新潮流，而是选择得体的衣服。 Many young people do not ________________ but choose suitable clothes. 6．“团队合作，梦想成真”——这句谚语在我们的篮球胜利中照进了现实。 “Teamwork makes the dream work” — this ________ in our basketball victory. 7．学费和生活开销比国内贵多了，多数家庭最终可能会花费一大笔钱。 Tuition fees and ________________ are much more expensive than at home and could _________ costing most families an arm and a leg. 8．关于你外表的负面想法可能会像雨云一样一直笼罩着你。 Dark thoughts about your physical appearance can ________________you all the time like a rain cloud. 9．火车到站后，他们乘出租车前往路易斯湖，那碧蓝色的湖水以其绝伦的美景，着实令人叹为观止。 When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water ________________with its exceptional beauty. 10．她们乘坐出租车前往路易斯湖。那里湛蓝的湖水美丽异常，摄人心魄。 They took a taxi to Lake Louise where the blue water ______ away with its ______. 【答案】 1. build a green campus 2. live up to 3. In addition 4. worn-out jeans 5. keep up with the latest fashion 6. saying comes to life 7. living expenses end up 8. hang over 9. literally took their breath away 10. took their breath exceptional beauty 五、语法填空 Exercise is something that can help to make you look good, feel good 1 be healthy. Experts suggest that teenagers spend at least 30 minutes 2 (exercise), five times a week. That is easy to do! Walking and riding 3 bike count and so do school sports. Often, teenagers give up doing sports, 4 (say) they have no time after their studies. Many 5 (teenager) are surprised to learn that when they exercise, their body will produce some chemicals that make them feel peaceful and 6 (relax) and increase their ability to concentrate when they study. These chemicals can even help them sleep better at night. A good amount of sleep every night 7 (be) also important for your health. When you sleep, 8 (you) body prepares you for the day to come. Teenagers need eight to ten hours of sleep each night. 9 (actual), loss of sleep can make you look tired, and even cause you to gain weight. If you follow the suggestions above, you will look and feel much 10 (good) than before. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述运动和充足睡眠对青少年健康的重要性。 1．and 考查连词。句意：锻炼是一种能让你看起来好、感觉好并且健康的运动。分析句子可知，look good，feel good与be healthy之间是并列关系。 2．exercising 考查非谓语动词。句意：专家建议青少年每周锻炼五次，每次至少30分钟。spend+时间+(in) doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，空处需填动名词作宾语。 3．a 考查冠词。句意：步行和骑自行车算作锻炼，学校的体育活动也算。ride a bike为固定搭配，意为“骑自行车”。 4．saying 考查非谓语动词。句意：通常，青少年放弃运动，说他们学习后没有时间。空处填非谓语动词，teenagers和say之间是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语。 5．teenagers 考查名词的数。句意：许多青少年惊讶地发现，当他们运动时，他们的身体会产生一些化学物质，使他们感到平静和放松，并提高他们学习时的注意力。many后接可数名词复数，teenager是可数名词，故填。 6．考查形容词。句意同上。空处填形容词与peaceful并列做feel的表语，主语是they，表示人感到放松的，用relaxed。 7．is 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每晚充足的睡眠对你的健康也很重要。空处填谓语动词，根据时间状语“every night”可知，句子用一般现在时，主语是A good amount of sleep，谓语动词用单数。 8．your 考查代词。句意：当你睡觉时，你的身体会为新的一天做好准备。空处填形容词性物主代词修饰名词body。 9．Actually 考查副词。句意：事实上，睡眠不足会让你看起来很疲惫，甚至会导致你体重增加。空处填副词修饰后文整个句子，actual的副词是actually，置于句首，首字母大写。 10．better 考查形容词比较级。句意：如果你按照上面的建议去做，你会看起来和感觉比以前好得多。根据much和than可知，空处填比较级。 六、阅读理解 Strong social ties are often linked to better health, and new research adds a brain benefit to that list. A study led by researchers from the University of Texas at Austin and University of Massachusetts Boston reports that regularly helping people can clearly slow the drop in cognitive (认知的) ability in middle-aged and older adults. The research followed more than 30,000 US adults for 20 years. It found that those who often helped others — either through organized help or everyday acts — experienced a 15%-20% slower rate of age-related decline in cognitive ability. The most significant benefits were tied to spending about two to four hours per week helping others. “Everyday acts of support can have a lasting effect on the mind,” Sae Hwang Han, an assistant professor of human development and family sciences at UT who led the study, noted, “The benefits weren’t just short-term but built up over time, and were seen for both organized and everyday help.” The study is among the first to compare organized help with everyday help, which includes tasks like giving rides, looking after children, or helping with housework. “It was a pleasant surprise to find that everyday help offers benefits for the mind that are as good as organized help,” said Han, challenging the idea that it offers fewer benefits due to lack of public recognition. The researchers looked at national data, taking into account factors like wealth, health, and education. Even after adjusting for these, the decline in cognitive ability tended to slow when people began and kept up helping behaviors. The benefits appeared to grow when helping became a steady, yearly habit. Overall, helping others may support brain health by mitigating mental stress and strengthening social bonds that provide emotional support. As populations age, the findings highlight the importance of creating chances for people to give help, which may be especially useful for those already facing a drop in cognitive ability. 1．What do the findings suggest for the seniors? A．They need more professional medical care. B．Helping others may benefit their brain health. C．They should turn to others for more daily help. D．Strong social ties improve their quality of life. 2．What is Han’s attitude towards everyday help? A．Favorable. B．Doubtful. C．Unconcerned. D．Critical. 3．Why did the researchers consider other factors? A．To increase the sample size. B．To make the study more reliable. C．To stress the importance of social ties. D．To record different levels of education. 4．What does the underlined word “mitigating” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Causing. B．Standing. C．Reducing. D．Experiencing. 【文章大意】本文主要介绍的是一项研究发现：中老年人定期帮助他人，能显著减缓认知能力衰退，且日常帮助与有组织的帮助效果相当。 1． B细节理解题。根据第一段“A study led by researchers from the University of Texas at Austin and University of Massachusetts Boston reports that regularly helping people can clearly slow the drop in cognitive (认知的) ability in middle-aged and older adults. (得克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校和马萨诸塞大学波士顿分校的研究人员开展的一项研究表明，定期帮助他人可以显著减缓中老年人的认知能力下降。)”可知，研究结果表明帮助别人有助于老年人的大脑健康。 2．A推理判断题。根据第四段“‘It was a pleasant surprise to find that everyday help offers benefits for the mind that are as good as organized help,’ said Han, challenging the idea that it offers fewer benefits due to lack of public recognition. (韩说：‘发现日常帮助对大脑的益处与有组织的帮助相当，这是一个令人惊喜的发现。’这一观点对‘日常帮助因缺乏公众认可而益处更少’的看法提出了质疑。)”可推知，Han对于日常帮助持积极态度。 3．B 推理判断题。根据第五段“The researchers looked at national data, taking into account factors like wealth, health, and education. Even after adjusting for these, the decline in cognitive ability tended to slow when people began and kept up helping behaviors. (研究人员查阅了全国性数据，考虑了财富、健康和教育等因素。即使在对这些因素进行调整之后，当人们开始并持续保持助人行为时，认知能力的衰退速度也往往会放缓。)”可推知，研究人员考虑其他因素，这是控制变量、排除干扰因素的研究方法，目的是让研究结论更严谨、可靠。 4．C词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Overall, helping others may support brain health by mitigating mental stress and strengthening social bonds that provide emotional support. (帮助他人可以通过mitigating心理压力、加强能提供情感支持的社会联系来维护大脑健康。)”可知，帮助别人对大脑健康有好处。由此推测，它可以降低心理压力。因此画线词的意思应该是“降低；减少”，与reduce同义。 七、七选五 According to a global happiness study, there has been a drop in people’s sense of happiness. The following are some suggestions for spiritual health and well-being. First, please be kind to yourself. 1 Please treat yourself with kindness as you overcome these challenges because it makes the journey more bearable. Studies with college students show that self-love is related to lower levels of mental illness and higher well-being in general. Keep the hope alive. Whatever you are going through, there is almost always hope. Many hardships improve with time or problem-solving. 2 Some situations may seem almost entirely hopeless, but it has proved that countless people change something bad into something active and meaningful. 3 If you have not heard from a friend for a while, give them a call. They are probably busy. And there is sometimes the chance that they are not going all right, in which case your outreach might mean all the world to them. In return, you’ll get happiness from helping others. Consider forgiveness. In our lives, many do wrong to us. Sometimes, it is a stranger. 4 I encourage forgiveness for the benefit of yourself. Life is too short to carry the weight of being angry. Besides, you don’t need to allow them back into your life to free yourself from the pain they caused. See the joy. The world is a beautiful place and has many wonders. You need to create a culture of joy and thankfulness for the many lucky things around you. This helps you to focus more on the positive parts of your experience than the negative ones. 5 A．Reach out to others. B．It is protective for feelings. C．But it can also be someone near us. D．So remember to keep an eye on the future. E．They are trying to have spiritual control over you. F．Most people are likely to struggle with regret, sadness, or pain. G．Small changes can make a difference to your own life and happiness. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个使人精神愉悦的方法。 1．F 根据下文“Please treat yourself with kindness as you overcome these challenges because it makes the journey more bearable. (在克服这些挑战时，请善待自己，因为这会让旅程更容易忍受)”可知，此处应该指出一些令人不愉快的精神上的挑战。所以F项“Most people are likely to struggle with regret, sadness, or pain. (大多数人可能都在与遗憾、悲伤或痛苦作斗争)”符合题意。 2．D根据上文“Keep the hope alive. Whatever you are going through, there is almost always hope. Many hardships improve with time or problem-solving. (保持希望不灭。无论你正在经历什么，几乎总是有希望的。许多困难会随着时间的推移或问题的解决而改善)”可知，此处顺承上句，讲述要积极面对未来。所以D项“So remember to keep an eye on the future. (所以记住要着眼于未来)”符合题意。 3．A此处为段落主题句。根据下文“If you have not heard from a friend for a while, give them a call. (如果你有段时间没收到朋友的消息了，那就给他们打个电话吧)”可知，描述的是主动联系很久没见的朋友这种行为。A项“Reach out to others. (主动联系他人)”是对这一行为的概括，统领全段，符合题意。 4．C根据上文“In our lives, many do wrong to us. Sometimes, it is a stranger. (在我们的生活中，许多人对我们做了错事。有时，这是一个陌生人)”可知，此处应该指出另外一些伤害我们的人，所以C项“But it can also be someone near us. (但也可能是我们身边的人)”符合语境。 5．B本段首句指出“See the joy. (看到快乐)”，所以本段从保持乐观情绪的角度说明主题。上文提到“You need to create a culture of joy and thankfulness for the many lucky things around you. This helps you to focus more on the positive parts of your experience than the negative ones. (你需要为你周围的许多幸运的事情创造一种快乐和感恩的文化。这有助于你更多地关注你经历的积极方面，而不是消极方面)”由此可知，空格处应该是这种做法的好处。所以B项“It is protective for feelings. (它是对感情的保护)”符合语境。 八、阅读理解 （2026·全国二卷）Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. The house where Reisley has lived for 73 years is located in the woods of Westchester County, New York, just 30 miles north of Manhattan. It’s one of 47 that make up the peaceful mid-20th-century modern village of Usonia. Back in 1951, Reisley was just 26, newly married and ready to put down roots. He and his wife began looking for a place in Manhattan. But what they liked, they couldn’t afford on his sound engineer’s salary and what they could, they didn’t like. Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join. The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture. Over the decades, Reisley has opened his doors to visitors. The house is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings. Reisley believes that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years. 1．How does Reisley feel about having Wright as his house designer? A．Honored. B．Amused. C．Stressed. D．Inspired. 2．What made Reisley finally decide to settle down in Usonia? A．Its natural environment. B．Its large-sized houses. C．The convenience of its location. D．The warmth of its residents. 3．What can we learn about Reisley’s house? A．It is older than its owner. B．It uses local materials. C．It has a pointed roof. D．It is put up for sale. 4．What can be inferred about Reisley from the last paragraph? A．He is very attached to Wright buildings. B．He is devoted to health education. C．He is an expert in home decoration. D．He is passionate about tourism. 【文章大意】主要讲述百岁老人莱斯利住在赖特为他设计的老宅中，守护建筑并投身赖特建筑保护事业的故事。 1．A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. (但这并不是他引以为傲的事。莱斯利坐在这位知名建筑师设计的房子明亮开阔的客厅里说道：“我是弗兰克・劳埃德・赖特最后一位在世的原始业主，仍然住在他为我设计的房子里。”)”可知，莱斯利以此为荣，内心倍感荣幸。 2．D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join.(后来他们听说了尤索尼亚。他们第一次前去时，已经定居在那里的十户人家热情地接待了他们，于是他们决定搬来定居。)”可知，当地居民的热情温暖打动了他，促使他定居于尤索尼亚。 3．B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture.(这座房子有着赖特标志性风格，采用本地材料建造，平顶、木镶板、水泥地面以及定制家具。)”可知，关于莱斯利的房子，我们能了解到它使用了当地材料。 4．A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings.(莱斯利说他尽力好好守护自己居住的赖特建筑，也守护其余所有赖特作品；他联合创立保护协会，专门留存赖特现存建筑。)”可知，莱斯利深深眷恋、珍视所有赖特设计的建筑，由此推断出莱斯利对赖特的建筑怀有深厚感情。 九、七选五 （2023·北京卷）It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. 1 When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. 2 Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. 3 The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes. Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding. 4 Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the result? Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates. 5 Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission. What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower. A．Higher education has achieved its true potential. B．Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C．Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D．However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching. E．Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F．They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G．In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何选择高校提供了一些建议。 1．D根据空前内容“It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision.(对于美国的学生和他们的家人来说，这是一年中既快乐又紧张的时刻，因为他们要决定去哪里上大学。家庭经常求助于排名系统来帮助做决定。)”可知，美国的学生和家人们在决定去哪儿上大学时，经常求助于排名系统。而根据下文第三段“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. (最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”可推断出，本文主要讲述的是排名方面出现的问题。选项D“However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.(然而，排名忽略了一个关键因素：教学质量。)”延续上文内容，指出大学排名存在的问题；而根据下文内容也可以推断，排名中存在的问题是教学质量被忽略。 2．F根据空前内容“When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings.(作为一名研究高等教育的学者，当我与一些家庭交谈时，他们常常惊讶地发现，优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名。)”可知，大学排名中优秀的教学水平并没有被纳入排名让人们觉得很惊讶。选项F“They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.(更让他们惊讶的是，大学竟然低估了教学的价值。)”延续上文内容，指的都是大学排名忽略教学质量。其中“more surprised”和上文的“surprised”保持一致。 3．G空前内容“Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities.(最新的研究表明，排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面的平均得分高于排名较高的大学的课程。)”以及空后内容“The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.(考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的联系，排名中没有优秀教学令人惊讶。优质教学是衡量大学成绩的最重要因素之一。)”讲述的都是大学排名中没有考虑到教学。选项G“In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.(事实上，大学经常把重点从教学转移到其他排名因素上。)”与上下文内容相一致。 4．B根据空前内容“Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.(然而，排名只是高等教育中对教学重视程度较低的一个原因。管理者通常不会将卓越的教学视为增加入学率或资金的一种方式。)”可知，上文分析了教学不被纳入排名的原因，该空应该讲其后果。选项B“Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.(因此，它在招聘或晋升中不受重视。)”是上文内容的延续，正因为管理人员通常不把卓越的教学视为增加入学率或增加资金的一种方式，所以教学在招聘和晋升中不受重视。 5．E根据下文内容“Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.(尽管如此，在拥有高质量教学的学校获得更多资源、更高排名和增加入学人数之前，不会有太大变化。从长远来看，大学、学校排名组织和其他机构应该努力使教学成为使命的一个有价值的核心部分。)”可知，此处算是站在大学的角度，提出如何把教学当成他们的首要核心任务。根据“Nevertheless”可知，空处内容和下文内容存在转折关系。选项E“Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.(在最近，努力改进教学水平的现象已经出现了。)”与下文形成转折，旨在说明，促使教学成为核心任务的艰巨性和重要性。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 4 Period 3 Integrated skills 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 一、将下列短语翻译为英文 1．多亏，归功于________ 2．以防万一________ 3．忙于做某事________ 4．为了纪念某人________ 5．朝……挥手________ 6．拒绝做某事________ 7．从……中获益________ 8．收到某人的来信________ 9．熬夜________ 10．符合（标准），不负（盛名）________ 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1．As the old  s________ goes, “Money isn’t everything.” 2．There have been great advances in the t________ of cancer. 3．The new building destroyed the b_______ (美丽) of the countryside. 4．Let’s work together to keep the __________ clean and beautiful for the health and happiness of everyone. 5．Pando is the first f________ climber in China to reach the summit of Mount Everest. She wins great honor for all the Chinese women. 6．In ________ (除……之外), important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science. 7．Both m________ and female applicants are welcome for this job. 8．The possibility of failing in the exam is h________ over her. 9．To treat his complex condition, the doctor decided to schedule three separate s________ (手术) over the next two months. 10．But some ecologists and ______________ (时尚) enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria. 三、单句语法填空 1．Nowadays, everyone in the city is very clothes-conscious and (fashion). 2．Large amounts of dangerous materials end being released into the surrounding air and water. 3．There are many interesting events campus during the first week for the newcomers. 4．These (guy) got angry and trashed the bar. 5．The folk treatment originated in ancient China has enjoyed huge popularity among the older generation. 6．The discovery of DNA was a major scientific (achieve). 7．My parents were (concern) about my apparent lack of enthusiasm for study. 8．After good treatment, the old man got over the illness and what he needs now is (guard) against the recurrence of it. 9．The film didn’t really live up our expectations. 10．We are living in an age QR codes(二维码)are becoming more and more popular in our daily life. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．学校可以通过安装节能灯具和回收箱来打造绿色校园。 Schools can________________ by installing energy-efficient lighting and recycling bins. 2．他总是努力达到父母的期望。 He always tries to ________________ his parents’ expectations. 3．此外，我坚信有志者事竟成。 ________________ , I’m convinced that where there is a will, there is a way. 4．一些青少年喜欢穿破洞牛仔裤来展现自己的个性风格。 Some teenagers like to wear  ________________ to show their own style. 5．许多年轻人不追赶最新潮流，而是选择得体的衣服。 Many young people do not ________________ but choose suitable clothes. 6．“团队合作，梦想成真”——这句谚语在我们的篮球胜利中照进了现实。 “Teamwork makes the dream work” — this ________ in our basketball victory. 7．学费和生活开销比国内贵多了，多数家庭最终可能会花费一大笔钱。 Tuition fees and ________________ are much more expensive than at home and could _________ costing most families an arm and a leg. 8．关于你外表的负面想法可能会像雨云一样一直笼罩着你。 Dark thoughts about your physical appearance can ________________you all the time like a rain cloud. 9．火车到站后，他们乘出租车前往路易斯湖，那碧蓝色的湖水以其绝伦的美景，着实令人叹为观止。 When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water ________________with its exceptional beauty. 10．她们乘坐出租车前往路易斯湖。那里湛蓝的湖水美丽异常，摄人心魄。 They took a taxi to Lake Louise where the blue water ______ away with its ______. 五、语法填空 Exercise is something that can help to make you look good, feel good 1 be healthy. Experts suggest that teenagers spend at least 30 minutes 2 (exercise), five times a week. That is easy to do! Walking and riding 3 bike count and so do school sports. Often, teenagers give up doing sports, 4 (say) they have no time after their studies. Many 5 (teenager) are surprised to learn that when they exercise, their body will produce some chemicals that make them feel peaceful and 6 (relax) and increase their ability to concentrate when they study. These chemicals can even help them sleep better at night. A good amount of sleep every night 7 (be) also important for your health. When you sleep, 8 (you) body prepares you for the day to come. Teenagers need eight to ten hours of sleep each night. 9 (actual), loss of sleep can make you look tired, and even cause you to gain weight. If you follow the suggestions above, you will look and feel much 10 (good) than before. 六、阅读理解 Strong social ties are often linked to better health, and new research adds a brain benefit to that list. A study led by researchers from the University of Texas at Austin and University of Massachusetts Boston reports that regularly helping people can clearly slow the drop in cognitive (认知的) ability in middle-aged and older adults. The research followed more than 30,000 US adults for 20 years. It found that those who often helped others — either through organized help or everyday acts — experienced a 15%-20% slower rate of age-related decline in cognitive ability. The most significant benefits were tied to spending about two to four hours per week helping others. “Everyday acts of support can have a lasting effect on the mind,” Sae Hwang Han, an assistant professor of human development and family sciences at UT who led the study, noted, “The benefits weren’t just short-term but built up over time, and were seen for both organized and everyday help.” The study is among the first to compare organized help with everyday help, which includes tasks like giving rides, looking after children, or helping with housework. “It was a pleasant surprise to find that everyday help offers benefits for the mind that are as good as organized help,” said Han, challenging the idea that it offers fewer benefits due to lack of public recognition. The researchers looked at national data, taking into account factors like wealth, health, and education. Even after adjusting for these, the decline in cognitive ability tended to slow when people began and kept up helping behaviors. The benefits appeared to grow when helping became a steady, yearly habit. Overall, helping others may support brain health by mitigating mental stress and strengthening social bonds that provide emotional support. As populations age, the findings highlight the importance of creating chances for people to give help, which may be especially useful for those already facing a drop in cognitive ability. 1．What do the findings suggest for the seniors? A．They need more professional medical care. B．Helping others may benefit their brain health. C．They should turn to others for more daily help. D．Strong social ties improve their quality of life. 2．What is Han’s attitude towards everyday help? A．Favorable. B．Doubtful. C．Unconcerned. D．Critical. 3．Why did the researchers consider other factors? A．To increase the sample size. B．To make the study more reliable. C．To stress the importance of social ties. D．To record different levels of education. 4．What does the underlined word “mitigating” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Causing. B．Standing. C．Reducing. D．Experiencing. 七、七选五 According to a global happiness study, there has been a drop in people’s sense of happiness. The following are some suggestions for spiritual health and well-being. First, please be kind to yourself. 1 Please treat yourself with kindness as you overcome these challenges because it makes the journey more bearable. Studies with college students show that self-love is related to lower levels of mental illness and higher well-being in general. Keep the hope alive. Whatever you are going through, there is almost always hope. Many hardships improve with time or problem-solving. 2 Some situations may seem almost entirely hopeless, but it has proved that countless people change something bad into something active and meaningful. 3 If you have not heard from a friend for a while, give them a call. They are probably busy. And there is sometimes the chance that they are not going all right, in which case your outreach might mean all the world to them. In return, you’ll get happiness from helping others. Consider forgiveness. In our lives, many do wrong to us. Sometimes, it is a stranger. 4 I encourage forgiveness for the benefit of yourself. Life is too short to carry the weight of being angry. Besides, you don’t need to allow them back into your life to free yourself from the pain they caused. See the joy. The world is a beautiful place and has many wonders. You need to create a culture of joy and thankfulness for the many lucky things around you. This helps you to focus more on the positive parts of your experience than the negative ones. 5 A．Reach out to others. B．It is protective for feelings. C．But it can also be someone near us. D．So remember to keep an eye on the future. E．They are trying to have spiritual control over you. F．Most people are likely to struggle with regret, sadness, or pain. G．Small changes can make a difference to your own life and happiness. 八、阅读理解 （2026·全国二卷）Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. The house where Reisley has lived for 73 years is located in the woods of Westchester County, New York, just 30 miles north of Manhattan. It’s one of 47 that make up the peaceful mid-20th-century modern village of Usonia. Back in 1951, Reisley was just 26, newly married and ready to put down roots. He and his wife began looking for a place in Manhattan. But what they liked, they couldn’t afford on his sound engineer’s salary and what they could, they didn’t like. Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join. The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture. Over the decades, Reisley has opened his doors to visitors. The house is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings. Reisley believes that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years. 1．How does Reisley feel about having Wright as his house designer? A．Honored. B．Amused. C．Stressed. D．Inspired. 2．What made Reisley finally decide to settle down in Usonia? A．Its natural environment. B．Its large-sized houses. C．The convenience of its location. D．The warmth of its residents. 3．What can we learn about Reisley’s house? A．It is older than its owner. B．It uses local materials. C．It has a pointed roof. D．It is put up for sale. 4．What can be inferred about Reisley from the last paragraph? A．He is very attached to Wright buildings. B．He is devoted to health education. C．He is an expert in home decoration. D．He is passionate about tourism. 九、七选五 （2023·北京卷）It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. 1 When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. 2 Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. 3 The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes. Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding. 4 Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the result? Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates. 5 Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission. What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower. A．Higher education has achieved its true potential. B．Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C．Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D．However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching. E．Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F．They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G．In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $