2027届高考一轮复习长难句练习-2023新高考I卷阅读长难句 专练

**基本信息** 以2023新高考I卷真题为载体，通过“拆解-扩写-仿写”三阶训练，系统培养长难句分析与构建能力，提升语言理解和表达素养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |长难句拆解|10个真题句|“去修饰/非谓语/从句”逐层删减法，提取句子主干|从词汇（生词/词组）到结构（主干识别），建立“复杂句→简单句”的转化逻辑| |长难句扩写|5组基础句|“添加修饰→非谓语→从句”逐步构建法，丰富句子层次|遵循“简单句→修饰句→复合句”的生成路径，培养语言表达的逻辑性| |长难句仿写|5个主题句|结合主题语境仿写复杂句式，强化结构迁移应用|从结构分析到语境应用，实现知识向语言能力的转化，提升思维的创造性|

长难句练习2-2023新高考I卷 本篇以2023年新高考I卷阅读和七选五文章为依据，选取文章中长难句进行拆解分析，并附上扩写和翻译练习。 Part 1 长难句 A Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. 这座城市遍布秀美的运河、公园、广场与万家灯火，骑行是游览这里最省钱、环保又有趣的方式。 1.生词 【economical】 原句：Cycling is the most economical 熟义：adj.经济实惠的 【sustainable】 原句：sustainable and fun way to explore the city 熟义：adj.环保可持续的 【countless】 原句：countless lights 熟义：adj.无数的 2.词组 【economical, sustainable and fun way 】 经济、环保又有趣的方式 经典例句：Walking is an economical, sustainable and fun way to travel nearby.（步行是短途出行经济环保又有趣的方式。） 【explore the city 】 游览城市 经典例句：Many tourists choose to explore the city by bike.（很多游客选择骑行游览城市。） 3.缩写 去修饰：Cycling is the way to explore the city. 去非谓语：Cycling is the way. 对比： Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. Cycling suits city sightseeing. ———— We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. 我们提供种类繁多的新款自行车，包括带脚刹的基础款自行车、带手刹和变速档位的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车以及儿童专用自行车。 1. 生词 【gear】 原句：hand brake and gears 熟义：n. 变速档位 2. 词组 【in a wide variety】 含义：种类繁多 经典例句：The shop sells snacks in a wide variety.（这家店售卖种类繁多的零食。） 3. 缩写 去修饰：We offer the bicycles, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. 去非谓语：We offer the bicycles. 对比： We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. We offer the bikes. B When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. 1.生词 【explore】 原句：explore the woods 熟义：v.探索，探查 【observe】 原句：observing how nature solved problems 熟义：v.观察 2.词组 【solve problems 】 含义：解决问题 经典例句：Nature can solve problems in its own way.（大自然能用自己的方式解决问题。） 3.缩写 去从句：He loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. 去修饰：He loved to explore woods, observing nature. 去非谓语：He loved to explore the woods 对比： When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. John observed nature. ———— A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. 举个例子，一条浑浊的小溪，在流经植被、穿过栖息着微小生物的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。 1.生词 【tiny】 原句：tiny creatures 熟义：adj.微小的 【creature】 原句：tiny creatures 熟义：n.生物 2.词组 【flow through】 含义：流经 经典例句：The river flows through forests and villages.（这条河流经森林与村庄。） 3.缩写 去从句：A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks. 去修饰： A stream became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks. 去非谓语：A stream became clear. 对比： A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. A dirty stream often became clear. C The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. 本书旨在论证数字极简主义的价值，其中详细阐释其核心要求与可行原理，同时教你如何在认定它适合自己时践行这一理念。 1.生词 【minimalism】 n.极简主义 【philosophy】 n.理念，哲学 2.词组 【make the case for 为……证明、论证】 例句：The article makes the case for low-carbon life.（这篇文章论证低碳生活的好处。） 【adopt this philosophy 践行这一理念】 例句：Many people choose to adopt this healthy philosophy.（很多人选择践行这种健康理念。） 3.缩写 去从句： The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy. 去修饰：The goal is to make the case, including a exploration, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy. 去非谓语：The goal is to make the case and to teach you how to adopt this philosophy. 对比： The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. The goal is to make the case and to teach you. ———— In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. 在第一部分，我阐述数字极简主义的理论根基，先剖析那些让人们线上生活愈发难以忍受的各类因素，之后再深入探讨数字极简主义理念。 1.生词 【foundation】 原句：philosophical foundations 熟义：n.基础，根基 【intolerable】 原句：increasingly intolerable 熟义：adj.难以忍受的 2.词组 【philosophical foundations理论根基】 经典例句：The essay explains the philosophical foundations of this thought.（这篇文章讲解该思想的理论根基。） 3.缩写 去从句： In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. 去修饰 ： I describe the foundations, starting with an examination of the forces, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. 去非谓语：I describe the foundations. 对比： In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. I describe foundations and discussion. ———— At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. 三十天结束后，你可以重新恢复少量精心挑选的线上活动，你相信这些活动能为你珍视的事物带来巨大益处。 1.生词 【massive】 原句：massive benefits 熟义：adj.巨大的 2.词组 【add back恢复，重新添加】 经典例句：You can add back one hobby after the break.（休整后你可以恢复一项爱好。） 【provide benefits to为……带来益处】 经典例句：Reading provides great benefits to our mental health.（阅读对我们的心理健康大有裨益。） 3.缩写 去从句：At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities. 去修饰成分：You will add back online activities. 对比： At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. You add back online activities. ———— In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. 在这些章节中，我探讨独处的重要性、培养高质量休闲方式的必要性，以此替代如今人们耗费在无意义刷电子设备上的时间。 1.生词 【solitude】 原句：importance of solitude 熟义：n.独处 【mindless】 原句：mindless device use 熟义：adj.无目的的，机械的 2.词组 【cultivate high-quality leisure 培养高质量休闲方式】 经典例句：We should cultivate high-quality leisure instead of scrolling short videos all day.（我们应当培养优质休闲方式，而非整天刷短视频。） 【mindless device use无意义地使用电子设备】 经典例句：Mindless device use takes up most of our spare time.（无意义刷设备占用我们大部分空余时间。） 3.缩写 去从句：In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time. 去修饰：I examine issues. 对比： In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. I examine issues. D On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. 1907年3月7日，英国统计学家弗朗西斯·高尔顿发表了一篇论文，阐释了后来被人们熟知的“群体智慧”效应。 1.生词 【statistician】 n.统计学家 【illustrate】 v.说明，阐释 2.词组 【wisdom of crowds 群体智慧】 例句：The story explains the principle of wisdom of crowds.（这个故事讲解了群体智慧原理。） 3.缩写 去从句：On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper. 去修饰：Francis Galton published a paper. 对比： On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. Francis Galton published a paper. ———— This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. 这一效应基于这样一个事实：人们产生估算误差时，误差并非总是同向的。 1.生词 【capitalize】 v.利用 2.词组 【capitalize on the fact 利用这一事实】 经典例句：The plan capitalizes on the fact that people love convenient services.（该方案利用了人们喜爱便捷服务这一事实。） 3.缩写 去从句：This effect capitalizes on the fact. 去修饰：Effect capitalizes on the fact. 对比： This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Effect capitalizes on the fact. ———— Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 尽管纳瓦哈斯主导的这项研究存在局限性，且仍有诸多问题待解决，但它对于小组讨论与决策制定有着巨大的潜在意义。 1.生词 【limitation】 n.局限，不足之处 【implication】 n.意义，影响 【enormous】 adj.巨大的 2.词组 【led by 由……主导】 例句：The survey led by scientists shows new results.（科学家主导的调查得出了新结论。） 3. 缩写 去从句：The potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 去修饰：The implications are enormous. Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. Implications are enormous. Part 2 长难句扩写 1.Rivers flow. 加修饰（形/副/介词短语） Clear mountain rivers flow steadily through vast forest areas all year round. （清澈的山间河流终年缓缓流经大片林区。） 加非谓语（现在分词表伴随结果） Clear mountain rivers flow steadily through vast forest areas all year round, carrying rich nutrients to farmland downstream. （清澈的山间河流终年缓缓流经大片林区，为下游农田输送丰富养分。） 加从句（非谓语+非限定性定语从句嵌套） Clear mountain rivers flow steadily through vast forest areas all year round, carrying rich nutrients to farmland downstream, which guarantees stable harvests for local villagers. （清澈的山间河流终年缓缓流经大片林区，为下游农田输送丰富养分，这保障了当地村民稳定的收成。） 2.Craftsmen create works. 加修饰 Skilled elderly craftsmen create delicate handcrafts patiently in ancient alley workshops. （技艺精湛的老匠人在古巷作坊里耐心制作精巧手工艺品。） 加非谓语（不定式表目的） Skilled elderly craftsmen create delicate handcrafts patiently in ancient alley workshops, to inherit centuries-old traditional skills. （技艺精湛的老匠人在古巷作坊里耐心制作精巧手工艺品，传承流传数百年的传统技艺。） 加从句 Skilled elderly craftsmen create delicate handcrafts patiently in ancient alley workshops, to inherit centuries-old traditional skills that few young people master nowadays. （技艺精湛的老匠人在古巷作坊里耐心制作精巧手工艺品，传承如今很少年轻人掌握的百年传统技艺。） 3.Robots assist humans. 加修饰 Intelligent industrial robots assist factory workers efficiently in modern automated workshops. （智能工业机器人在现代化自动化车间高效协助工厂工人。） 加非谓语（现在分词表补充作用） Intelligent industrial robots assist factory workers efficiently in modern automated workshops, cutting down repetitive manual labor greatly. （智能工业机器人在现代化自动化车间高效协助工厂工人，大幅减少重复性人工劳作。） 加从句 Intelligent industrial robots assist factory workers efficiently in modern automated workshops, cutting down repetitive manual labor greatly, which improves overall production efficiency of enterprises. （智能工业机器人在现代化自动化车间高效协助工厂工人，大幅减少重复性人工劳作，提升企业整体生产效率。） 4.Volunteers deliver supplies. 加修饰 Warm-hearted young volunteers deliver daily necessities regularly to remote mountain villages. （热心青年志愿者定期向偏远山村运送生活物资。） 加非谓语（现在分词表伴随状态） Warm-hearted young volunteers deliver daily necessities regularly to remote mountain villages, devoting their spare time to helping disadvantaged groups. （热心青年志愿者定期向偏远山村运送生活物资，将空余时间投入帮扶弱势群体。） 加从句 Warm-hearted young volunteers deliver daily necessities regularly to remote mountain villages, devoting their spare time to helping disadvantaged groups who lack basic living resources. （热心青年志愿者定期向偏远山村运送生活物资，将空余时间投入帮扶缺少基础生活物资的弱势群体。） 5.Reading shapes minds. 加修饰 Extensive lifelong reading shapes teenagers’ independent and logical minds profoundly. （广泛的终身阅读深刻塑造青少年独立且富有逻辑的思维。） 加非谓语（现在分词表结果） Extensive lifelong reading shapes teenagers’ independent and logical minds profoundly, broadening their horizons beyond limited daily life. （广泛的终身阅读深刻塑造青少年独立且富有逻辑的思维，拓宽他们局限日常生活之外的眼界。） 加从句 Extensive lifelong reading shapes teenagers’ independent and logical minds profoundly, broadening their horizons beyond limited daily life that most students are trapped in. （广泛的终身阅读深刻塑造青少年独立且富有逻辑的思维，拓宽大多数学生困于其中的日常生活之外的眼界。） Part 3 长难句仿写 1. 乡村振兴主题 尽管山区交通闭塞，当地村民仍坚持种植特色经济作物，以此带动全村共同致富。 Although transportation in mountain areas is blocked, local villagers keep planting characteristic cash crops to drive the whole village to get rich together. 2. 航天科技主题 有顶尖工程师全程把控，这款自主研发的载人飞船将于下月升空，深受全国民众期待。 With top engineers controlling the whole process, the self-developed manned spacecraft to be launched next month is expected by people all over the country. 3. 心理健康主题 主动倾诉内心烦恼是缓解压力的有效方式，这能帮助深陷焦虑的青少年走出负面情绪。 Talking about inner troubles actively is an effective way to relieve pressure, which can help teenagers trapped in anxiety get rid of negative feelings. 4. 体育运动主题 长期坚持规律锻炼的人，只要合理搭配饮食，就能长期维持强健的体魄。 People sticking to regular exercise for a long time can keep a strong body all year round if they match their diet properly. 5. 非遗文化主题 我们应当采取实际行动传承传统手工艺这一珍贵文化遗产，许多年轻人还未意识到它的价值。 We should take practical actions to inherit traditional handicrafts, a precious cultural heritage that many young people haven’t realized the value of. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $长难句练习2-2023新高考I卷 本篇以2023年新高考1卷阅读和七选五文章为依据，选取文章中长难句进行拆解分析， 并附上扩写和翻译练习。 Part1长难句 A Cycling is the most economical,sustainable and fun way to explore the city,with its beautiful canals,parks,squares and countless lights. 这座城市遍布秀美的运河、公园、广场与万家灯火，骑行是游览这里最省钱、环保又有趣的方式。 1.生词 【economical】 原句：Cycling is the most economical 熟义：adj经济实惠的 【sustainable】 原句：sustainable and fun way to explore the city 熟义：ad环保可持续的 【countless】 原句：countless lights 熟义：adj无数的 2.词组 【economical,,sustainable and fun way】 经济、环保又有趣的方式 经典例句：Walking is an economical,sustainable and fun way to travel nearby.(步行是短途出行 经济环保又有趣的方式。) 【explore the city】 游览城市 经典例句：Many tourists choose to explore the city by bike..(很多游客选择骑行游览城市。) 3.缩写 去修饰： 去非谓语： 对比： Cycling is the most economical,sustainable and fun way to explore the city,with its beautiful canals,parks,squares and countless lights. Cycling suits city sightseeing. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety,including basic bikes with foot brake(),bikes with hand brake and gears ()bikes with child seats,and children's bikes. 我们提供种类繁多的新款自行车，包括带脚刹的基础款自行车、带手刹和变速档位的自行车、带儿童座椅 的自行车以及儿童专用自行车。 1.生词 【gear】 原句：hand brake and gears 熟义：n.变速档位 2.词组 【in a wide variety】 含义：种类繁多 经典例句：The shop sells snacks in a wide variety.(这家店售卖种类繁多的零食。) 3.缩写 去修饰： 去非谓语 对比： We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety,including basic bikes with foot brake )bikes with hand brake and gears ()bikes with child seats,and children's bikes. We offer the bikes. B When John Todd was a child,he loved to explore the woods around his house,observing how nature solved problems 1.生词 【explore】 原句：explore the woods 熟义：v.探索，探查 【observe】 原句：observing how nature solved problems 熟义：v观察 2.词组 【solve problems】 含义：解决问题 经典例句：Nature can solve problems in its own way.(大自然能用自己的方式解决问题。) 3.缩写 去从句： 去修饰： 去非谓语： 对比： When John Todd was a child,he loved to explore the woods around his house,observing how nature solved problems John observed nature. A dirty stream,for example,often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. 举个例子，一条浑浊的小溪，在流经植被、穿过栖息着微小生物的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。 1.生词 【tiny】 原句：tiny creatures 熟义：ad微小的 【creature】 原句：tiny creatures 熟义：n.生物 2.词组 【flow through】 含义：流经 经典例句：The river flows through forests and villages.(这条河流经森林与村庄。) 3.缩写 去从句： 去修饰： 去非谓语： 对比： A dirty stream,for example,often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. A dirty stream often became clear. Q The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism,including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works,and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you. 本书指在论证数字极简主义的价值，其中详细阐释其核心要求与可行原理，同时教你如何在认定它适合自 己时践行这一理念。 1.生词 【minimalism】 n极简主义 【philosophy】 n理念，哲学 2.词组 【make the case for为.证明、论证】 例句：The article makes the case for low-carbon life.(这篇文章论证低碳生活的好处。) 【adopt this philosophy践行这一理念】 例句：Many people choose to adopt this healthy philosophy.(很多人选择践行这种健康理念。) 3.缩写 去从句： 去修饰： 去非谓语： 对比： The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism,including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works,and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you. The goal is to make the case and to teach you. In part one,I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism,starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable,before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. 在第一部分，我阐述数字极简主义的理论根基，先剖析那些让人们线上生活愈发难以忍受的各类因素，之 后再深入探讨数字极简主义理念。 1.生词 【foundation】 原句：philosophical foundations 熟义：n基础，根基 【intolerable】 原句：increasingly intolerable 熟义：adj难以忍受的 2.词组 【philosophical foundations理论根基】 经典例句：The essay explains the philosophical foundations of this thought..(这篇文章讲解该思想 的理论根基。) 3.缩写 去从句： 去修饰 去非调语： 对比： In part one,I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism,starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable,before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. I describe foundations and discussion. At the end of the thirty days,you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. 三十天结束后，你可以重新恢复少量精心挑选的线上活动，你相信这些活动能为你珍视的事物带来巨大益 处 1.生词 【massive】 原句：massive benefits 熟义：adj巨大的 2.词组 【add back恢复，重新添加】 经典例句：You can add back one hobby after the break.(休整后你可以恢复一项爱好。) 【provide benefits to为.带来益处】 经典例句：Reading provides great benefits to our mental health.(阅读对我们的心理健康大有裨 益。) 3.缩写 去从句： 去修饰成分： 对比： At the end of the thirty days,you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. You add back online activities. In these chapters,I examine issues such as the importance of solitude and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use 在这些章节中，我探讨独处的重要性、培养高质量休闲方式的必要性，以此替代如今人们耗费在无意义刷 电子设备上的时间。 1.生词 【solitude】 原句：importance of solitude 熟义：n独处 【mindless】 原句：mindless device use 熟义：adj无目的的，机械的 2.词组 【cultivate high-quality leisure培养高质量休闲方式】 经典例句：We should cultivate high-quality leisure instead of scrolling short videos all day.(我们 应当培养优质休闲方式，而非整天刷短视频。) 【mindless device use无意义地使用电子设备】 经典例句：Mindless device use takes up most of our spare time.(无意义刷设备占用我们大部分空 余时间。) 3.缩写 去从句： 去修饰： 去非谓语： 对比： In these chapters,I examine issues such as the importance of solitude and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. I examine issues. D On March 7,1907,the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the "wisdom of crowds"effect. 1907年3月7日，英国统计学家弗朗西斯·高尔顿发表了一篇论文，阐释了后来被人们熟知的"“群体智 慧”效应。 1.生词 【statistician】 n.统计学家 【illustrate】 v说明，阐释 2.词组 【wisdom of crowds群体智慧】 例句：The story explains the principle of wisdom of crowds..(这个故事讲解了群体智慧原理。) 3.缩写 去从句： 去修饰： 对比： On March 7,1907,the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the "wisdom of crowds"effect. Francis Galton published a paper. This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors,those errors aren't always the same. 这一效应基于这样一个事实：人们产生估算误差时，误差并排总是同向的。 1.生词 【capitalize】 v.利用 2.词组 【capitalize on the fact利用这一事实】 经典例句：The plan capitalizes on the fact that people love convenient services.(该方案利用了人 们喜爱便捷服务这一事实。) 3.缩写 去从句： 去修饰： 对比： This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors,those errors aren't always the same. Effect capitalizes on the fact Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain,the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 尽管纳瓦哈斯主导的这项研究存在局限性，且仍有诸多问题待解决，但它对于小组讨论与决策制定有着巨 大的潜在意义。 1.生词 【(limitation】 n局限，不足之处 【implication】 n意义，影响 【enormous】 ad.巨大的 2.词组 【led by由.…主导】 例句：The survey led by scientists shows new results..（科学家主导的调查得出了新结论。) 3.缩写 去从句： 去修饰： Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain,the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. Implications are enormous. Part2长难句扩写 1.Rivers flow. 加修饰（形副/介词短语） (清澈的山间河流终年缓缓流经大片林区。) 加非谓语（现在分词表伴随结果）》 (清澈的山间河流终年缓缓流经大片林区，为下游农田输送丰富养分。) 加从句（非谓语+非限定性定语从句嵌套） (清澈的山间河流终年缓缓流经大片林区，为下游农田输送丰富养分，这保障了当地村民稳定的收成。) 2.Craftsmen create works. 加修饰 (技艺精湛的老匠人在古巷作坊里耐心制作精巧手工艺品。) 加非谓语（不定式表目的）》 （技艺精湛的老匠人在古巷作坊里耐心制作精巧手工艺品，传承流传数百年的传统技艺。) 加从句 (技艺精湛的老匠人在古巷作坊里耐心制作精巧手工艺品，传承如今很少年轻人掌握的百年传统技艺。) 3.Robots assist humans. 加修饰 (智能工业机器人在现代化自动化车间高效协助工厂工人。) 加非谓语（现在分词表补充作用） (智能工业机器人在现代化自动化车间高效协助工厂工人，大幅减少重复性人工劳作。) 加从句 (智能工业机器人在现代化自动化车间高效协助工厂工人，大幅减少重复性人工劳作，提升企业整体生产 效率。) 4.Volunteers deliver supplies. 加修饰 (热心青年志愿者定期向偏远山村运送生活物资。) 加非谓语（现在分词表伴随状态） (热心青年志愿者定期向偏远山村运送生活物资，将空余时间投入帮扶弱势群体。) 加从句 (热心青年志愿者定期向偏远山村运送生活物资，将空余时间投入帮扶缺少基础生活物资的弱势群体。) 5.Reading shapes minds. 加修饰 (广泛的终身阅读深刻塑造青少年独立且富有逻辑的思维。) 加非谓语（现在分词表结果） (广泛的终身阅读深刻塑造青少年独立且富有逻辑的思维，拓宽他们局限日常生活之外的眼界。) 加从句 (广泛的终身阅读深刻塑造青少年独立且富有逻辑的思维，拓宽大多数学生困于其中的日常生活之外的眼 界。) Part3长难句仿写 1.乡村振兴主题 尽管山区交通闭塞，当地村民仍坚持种植特色经济作物，以此带动全村共同致富。 2.航天科技主题 有顶尖工程师全程把控，这款自主研发的载人飞船将于下月升空，深受全国民众期待。 3.心理健康主题 主动倾诉内心烦恼是缓解压力的有效方式，这能帮助深陷焦虑的青少年走出负面情绪。 4.体育运动主题 长期坚持规律锻炼的人，只要合理搭配饮食，就能长期维持强健的体魄。 5.非遗文化主题 我们应当采取实际行动传承传统手工艺这一珍贵文化遗产，许多年轻人还未意识到它的价值。 长难句练习2-2023新高考I卷 本篇以2023年新高考I卷阅读和七选五文章为依据，选取文章中长难句进行拆解分析，并附上扩写和翻译练习。 Part 1 长难句 A Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. 这座城市遍布秀美的运河、公园、广场与万家灯火，骑行是游览这里最省钱、环保又有趣的方式。 1.生词 【economical】 原句：Cycling is the most economical 熟义：adj.经济实惠的 【sustainable】 原句：sustainable and fun way to explore the city 熟义：adj.环保可持续的 【countless】 原句：countless lights 熟义：adj.无数的 2.词组 【economical, sustainable and fun way 】 经济、环保又有趣的方式 经典例句：Walking is an economical, sustainable and fun way to travel nearby.（步行是短途出行经济环保又有趣的方式。） 【explore the city 】 游览城市 经典例句：Many tourists choose to explore the city by bike.（很多游客选择骑行游览城市。） 3.缩写 去修饰：_____________________________________________________________________________ 去非谓语：_____________________________________________________________________________ 对比： Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. Cycling suits city sightseeing. ———— We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. 我们提供种类繁多的新款自行车，包括带脚刹的基础款自行车、带手刹和变速档位的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车以及儿童专用自行车。 1. 生词 【gear】 原句：hand brake and gears 熟义：n. 变速档位 2. 词组 【in a wide variety】 含义：种类繁多 经典例句：The shop sells snacks in a wide variety.（这家店售卖种类繁多的零食。） 3. 缩写 去修饰：_____________________________________________________________________________ 去非谓语：_____________________________________________________________________________ 对比： We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. We offer the bikes. B When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. 1.生词 【explore】 原句：explore the woods 熟义：v.探索，探查 【observe】 原句：observing how nature solved problems 熟义：v.观察 2.词组 【solve problems 】 含义：解决问题 经典例句：Nature can solve problems in its own way.（大自然能用自己的方式解决问题。） 3.缩写 去从句：_____________________________________________________________________________ 去修饰：_____________________________________________________________________________ 去非谓语：_____________________________________________________________________________ 对比： When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. John observed nature. ———— A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. 举个例子，一条浑浊的小溪，在流经植被、穿过栖息着微小生物的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。 1.生词 【tiny】 原句：tiny creatures 熟义：adj.微小的 【creature】 原句：tiny creatures 熟义：n.生物 2.词组 【flow through】 含义：流经 经典例句：The river flows through forests and villages.（这条河流经森林与村庄。） 3.缩写 去从句：_____________________________________________________________________________ 去修饰： _____________________________________________________________________________ 去非谓语：_____________________________________________________________________________ 对比： A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. A dirty stream often became clear. C The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. 本书旨在论证数字极简主义的价值，其中详细阐释其核心要求与可行原理，同时教你如何在认定它适合自己时践行这一理念。 1.生词 【minimalism】 n.极简主义 【philosophy】 n.理念，哲学 2.词组 【make the case for 为……证明、论证】 例句：The article makes the case for low-carbon life.（这篇文章论证低碳生活的好处。） 【adopt this philosophy 践行这一理念】 例句：Many people choose to adopt this healthy philosophy.（很多人选择践行这种健康理念。） 3.缩写 去从句： _____________________________________________________________________________ 去修饰：_____________________________________________________________________________ 去非谓语：_____________________________________________________________________________ 对比： The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. The goal is to make the case and to teach you. ———— In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. 在第一部分，我阐述数字极简主义的理论根基，先剖析那些让人们线上生活愈发难以忍受的各类因素，之后再深入探讨数字极简主义理念。 1.生词 【foundation】 原句：philosophical foundations 熟义：n.基础，根基 【intolerable】 原句：increasingly intolerable 熟义：adj.难以忍受的 2.词组 【philosophical foundations理论根基】 经典例句：The essay explains the philosophical foundations of this thought.（这篇文章讲解该思想的理论根基。） 3.缩写 去从句： _____________________________________________________________________________ 去修饰 ： _____________________________________________________________________________ 去非谓语：_____________________________________________________________________________ 对比： In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. I describe foundations and discussion. ———— At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. 三十天结束后，你可以重新恢复少量精心挑选的线上活动，你相信这些活动能为你珍视的事物带来巨大益处。 1.生词 【massive】 原句：massive benefits 熟义：adj.巨大的 2.词组 【add back恢复，重新添加】 经典例句：You can add back one hobby after the break.（休整后你可以恢复一项爱好。） 【provide benefits to为……带来益处】 经典例句：Reading provides great benefits to our mental health.（阅读对我们的心理健康大有裨益。） 3.缩写 去从句：_____________________________________________________________________________ 去修饰成分：_____________________________________________________________________________ 对比： At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. You add back online activities. ———— In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. 在这些章节中，我探讨独处的重要性、培养高质量休闲方式的必要性，以此替代如今人们耗费在无意义刷电子设备上的时间。 1.生词 【solitude】 原句：importance of solitude 熟义：n.独处 【mindless】 原句：mindless device use 熟义：adj.无目的的，机械的 2.词组 【cultivate high-quality leisure 培养高质量休闲方式】 经典例句：We should cultivate high-quality leisure instead of scrolling short videos all day.（我们应当培养优质休闲方式，而非整天刷短视频。） 【mindless device use无意义地使用电子设备】 经典例句：Mindless device use takes up most of our spare time.（无意义刷设备占用我们大部分空余时间。） 3.缩写 去从句：_____________________________________________________________________________ 去修饰：_____________________________________________________________________________ 去非谓语：_____________________________________________________________________________ 对比： In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. I examine issues. D On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. 1907年3月7日，英国统计学家弗朗西斯·高尔顿发表了一篇论文，阐释了后来被人们熟知的“群体智慧”效应。 1.生词 【statistician】 n.统计学家 【illustrate】 v.说明，阐释 2.词组 【wisdom of crowds 群体智慧】 例句：The story explains the principle of wisdom of crowds.（这个故事讲解了群体智慧原理。） 3.缩写 去从句：_____________________________________________________________________________ 去修饰：_____________________________________________________________________________ 对比： On March 7, 1907, the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the “wisdom of crowds” effect. Francis Galton published a paper. ———— This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. 这一效应基于这样一个事实：人们产生估算误差时，误差并非总是同向的。 1.生词 【capitalize】 v.利用 2.词组 【capitalize on the fact 利用这一事实】 经典例句：The plan capitalizes on the fact that people love convenient services.（该方案利用了人们喜爱便捷服务这一事实。） 3.缩写 去从句：_____________________________________________________________________________ 去修饰：_____________________________________________________________________________ 对比： This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren’t always the same. Effect capitalizes on the fact. ———— Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. 尽管纳瓦哈斯主导的这项研究存在局限性，且仍有诸多问题待解决，但它对于小组讨论与决策制定有着巨大的潜在意义。 1.生词 【limitation】 n.局限，不足之处 【implication】 n.意义，影响 【enormous】 adj.巨大的 2.词组 【led by 由……主导】 例句：The survey led by scientists shows new results.（科学家主导的调查得出了新结论。） 3. 缩写 去从句：_____________________________________________________________________________ 去修饰：_____________________________________________________________________________ Although the studies led by Navajas have limitations and many questions remain, the potential implications for group discussion and decision-making are enormous. Implications are enormous. Part 2 长难句扩写 1.Rivers flow. 加修饰（形/副/介词短语） _____________________________________________________________________________ （清澈的山间河流终年缓缓流经大片林区。） 加非谓语（现在分词表伴随结果） _____________________________________________________________________________ （清澈的山间河流终年缓缓流经大片林区，为下游农田输送丰富养分。） 加从句（非谓语+非限定性定语从句嵌套） _____________________________________________________________________________ （清澈的山间河流终年缓缓流经大片林区，为下游农田输送丰富养分，这保障了当地村民稳定的收成。） 2.Craftsmen create works. 加修饰 _____________________________________________________________________________ （技艺精湛的老匠人在古巷作坊里耐心制作精巧手工艺品。） 加非谓语（不定式表目的） _____________________________________________________________________________ （技艺精湛的老匠人在古巷作坊里耐心制作精巧手工艺品，传承流传数百年的传统技艺。） 加从句 _____________________________________________________________________________ （技艺精湛的老匠人在古巷作坊里耐心制作精巧手工艺品，传承如今很少年轻人掌握的百年传统技艺。） 3.Robots assist humans. 加修饰 _____________________________________________________________________________ （智能工业机器人在现代化自动化车间高效协助工厂工人。） 加非谓语（现在分词表补充作用） _____________________________________________________________________________ （智能工业机器人在现代化自动化车间高效协助工厂工人，大幅减少重复性人工劳作。） 加从句 _____________________________________________________________________________ （智能工业机器人在现代化自动化车间高效协助工厂工人，大幅减少重复性人工劳作，提升企业整体生产效率。） 4.Volunteers deliver supplies. 加修饰 _____________________________________________________________________________ （热心青年志愿者定期向偏远山村运送生活物资。） 加非谓语（现在分词表伴随状态） _____________________________________________________________________________ （热心青年志愿者定期向偏远山村运送生活物资，将空余时间投入帮扶弱势群体。） 加从句 _____________________________________________________________________________ （热心青年志愿者定期向偏远山村运送生活物资，将空余时间投入帮扶缺少基础生活物资的弱势群体。） 5.Reading shapes minds. 加修饰 _____________________________________________________________________________ （广泛的终身阅读深刻塑造青少年独立且富有逻辑的思维。） 加非谓语（现在分词表结果） _____________________________________________________________________________ （广泛的终身阅读深刻塑造青少年独立且富有逻辑的思维，拓宽他们局限日常生活之外的眼界。） 加从句 _____________________________________________________________________________ （广泛的终身阅读深刻塑造青少年独立且富有逻辑的思维，拓宽大多数学生困于其中的日常生活之外的眼界。） Part 3 长难句仿写 1. 乡村振兴主题 尽管山区交通闭塞，当地村民仍坚持种植特色经济作物，以此带动全村共同致富。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. 航天科技主题 有顶尖工程师全程把控，这款自主研发的载人飞船将于下月升空，深受全国民众期待。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. 心理健康主题 主动倾诉内心烦恼是缓解压力的有效方式，这能帮助深陷焦虑的青少年走出负面情绪。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. 体育运动主题 长期坚持规律锻炼的人，只要合理搭配饮食，就能长期维持强健的体魄。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 5. 非遗文化主题 我们应当采取实际行动传承传统手工艺这一珍贵文化遗产，许多年轻人还未意识到它的价值。 _____________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $