热点时文15 气候警钟·英国之殇（阅读专练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习时文阅读高分突破

热点时文15 气候警钟·英伦之殇 【时文·速递】 Extreme Weather Has Become Britain’s New Normal A landmark climate report released by the UK Met Office has drawn nationwide public attention, delivering a disturbing conclusion: all kinds of extreme weather have turned into Britain’s daily reality, mainly caused by carbon emissions released from human industrial production and daily activities. 英国气象局发布的一份里程碑式气候报告引发了全国公众关注，得出了一个令人不安的结论：各类极端天气已成为英国的日常现实，其主要原因是人类工业生产和日常生活活动排放的碳。 Climate records traced back to 1884 prove that 2025 was the hottest year ever recorded across the whole country. Comparing two sets of official temperature maps (1961-1990 and 2016-2025), scientists found a shocking shift: southern and eastern England now has three times more days with temperatures above 30℃ than decades ago, while traditionally cool northern mountain areas are gradually losing their low-temperature climate features. Two opposite rainfall trends also emerge: summer droughts last longer and grow more severe each year, yet sudden heavy rainstorms and floods strike Britain more frequently at the same time. The three continuous heatwaves sweeping the UK in 2026 brought over 2,700 heat-related deaths in England and Wales alone. 可追溯至1884年的气候记录证明，2025年是英国有记录以来全国最热的一年。通过对比两组官方气温地图（1961-1990年和2016-2025年），科学家发现了一个令人震惊的变化：如今英格兰东南部30℃以上的高温天数是数十年前的三倍，而传统上凉爽的北部山区正逐渐失去低温气候特征。两种相反的降水趋势也同时显现：夏季干旱持续时间更长、程度逐年加剧，但与此同时，突如其来的强暴雨和洪水却更加频繁地袭击英国。2026年袭击英国的三场连续热浪仅在英格兰和威尔士就造成了超过2700例与高温相关的死亡。 Apart from natural climate shifts, loose building regulations create hidden life risks for ordinary residents, especially vulnerable groups like the elderly and low-income families. Many newly constructed flats and office towers are designed with large glass walls and lack necessary sunshade equipment. Without cooling facilities inside, these buildings will heat up sharply in hot summers and become heat traps — just like closed greenhouses with no ventilation, easily threatening people’s health. Local planning experts criticize current construction standards sharply. They point out that the 2028 new home rules only apply to ordinary houses, excluding schools, hospitals and care homes, which still lack effective heat-resistance designs. 除了自然气候变化之外，宽松的建筑法规也给普通居民带来了隐藏的生命风险，尤其是老年人和低收入家庭等弱势群体。许多新建公寓和写字楼采用大面积玻璃幕墙设计，却缺少必要的遮阳设施。由于室内没有降温设备，这些建筑在炎热的夏季会急剧升温，变成高温陷阱——就像密闭无通风的温室一样，极易威胁人们的健康。当地规划专家尖锐批评现行的建筑标准。他们指出，2028年新版住宅规范仅适用于普通房屋，学校、医院和养老院等场所被排除在外，这些地方仍然缺乏有效的隔热设计。 To deal with the worsening climate crisis, climate scientists put forward practical long-term solutions: plant more shade trees in urban blocks, update heat-proof building standards, cut industrial carbon output, and build complete emergency response plans for heatwaves and floods. However, the report issues a serious warning: if the government and the public fail to take continuous coordinated actions, extreme weather will keep damaging public health and disrupting people’s daily lives on an increasingly large scale. 为了应对日益恶化的气候危机，气候科学家提出了切实可行的长期解决方案：在城市街区多种植遮阴树木、更新建筑隔热标准、削减工业碳排放、建立完善的高温和洪涝应急响应方案。然而，该报告发出了严肃警告：如果政府和公众不能持续采取协同行动，极端天气将持续损害公众健康，并在越来越大的范围内扰乱人们的日常生活。 【词库·筑基】——课标词汇提取 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. landmark /ˈlændmɑːk/ n. 里程碑式的；地标 2. release /rɪˈliːs/ v. 发布；公布 3. conclusion /kənˈkluːʒn/ n. 结论 4. emission /ɪˈmɪʃn/ n. 排放物；排放 5. industrial /ɪnˈdʌstriəl/ adj. 工业的；产业的 6. shift /ʃɪft/ n. 变化；转变 7. emerge /iˈmɜːdʒ/ v. 出现；浮现；显露 8. facility /fəˈsɪləti/ n. 设施；设备；场所 9. vulnerable /ˈvʌlnərəbl/ adj. 脆弱的；弱势的 10. construct /kənˈstrʌkt/ v. 建造；建设 11. emergency /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ n. 紧急情况；突发事件 12. coordinate /kəʊˈɔːdɪneɪt/ v. 协调；协同 【词库·拓维】 01 UK Met Office 英国气象局 （专业术语） The landmark climate report released by the UK Met Office has drawn nationwide public attention. 英国气象局发布的里程碑式气候报告引发了全国公众关注。 02 sunshade 遮阳设施；遮阳篷（超纲词） Many newly constructed flats and office towers lack necessary sunshade equipment. 许多新建公寓和写字楼缺少必要的遮阳设施。 03 ventilation 通风；空气流通（超纲词） Without cooling facilities inside, these buildings become heat traps — just like closed greenhouses with no ventilation. 由于室内没有降温设备，这些建筑变成了高温陷阱——就像密闭无通风的温室一样。 04 heat-proof 防热的；隔热的 （超纲词） Scientists call for updates to heat-proof building standards to protect residents. 科学家呼吁更新建筑隔热标准以保护居民。 05 draw attention 引起关注 （地道搭配） The documentary draws public attention to the urgent problem of plastic pollution in the ocean. 这部纪录片引发了公众对海洋塑料污染这一紧迫问题的关注。 06 deliver a conclusion 得出结论（地道搭配） After months of investigation, the committee delivered a conclusion that the fire was caused by electrical failure. 经过数月的调查，委员会得出了一个结论：火灾是由电力故障引起的。 07 trace back to 追溯至……（地道搭配） The tradition of eating mooncakes can be traced back to the Yuan Dynasty. 吃月饼的传统可以追溯到元朝。 08 put forward solutions 提出解决方案 （地道搭配） The expert put forward a series of practical solutions to reduce air pollution. 这位专家提出了一系列减少空气污染的实用解决方案。 【长句·解码】 ·长句·解码1 原句：Comparing two sets of official temperature maps (1961-1990 and 2016-2025), scientists found a shocking shift: southern and eastern England now has three times more days with temperatures above 30℃ than decades ago, while traditionally cool northern mountain areas are gradually losing their low-temperature climate features. 语法解析： 1. 主句：scientists found a shocking shift，主语是“scientists”，谓语是“found”，宾语是“a shocking shift”。 2. 现在分词短语作状语：Comparing two sets of official temperature maps (1961-1990 and 2016-2025)，主语“scientists”与“compare”之间为逻辑上的主动关系，表示“通过对比两组官方气温地图”，作主句的方式/条件状语。 3. 冒号后的解释性分句：southern and eastern England now has three times more days with temperatures above 30℃ than decades ago，具体说明“shocking shift”的内容。 4. while引导的对比状语从句：while traditionally cool northern mountain areas are gradually losing their low-temperature climate features，与前面的“东南部升温”形成对比，突出南北气候变化的差异。 5. 介词短语作后置定语：with temperatures above 30℃，修饰“days”，具体说明“什么样的日子”。 6. 比较结构：three times more...than decades ago，表示“是数十年前的三倍”。注意： 字面直译易产生“多三倍”的歧义（即四倍），实际英语中“three times more than”通常按“是……的三倍”理解 翻译技巧： 将英文开头的分词短语“Comparing...”译为中文的独立分句“通过对比……”，将冒号后的同位语从句与while对比从句拆分为两个并列分句，保持中文“先总后分”的叙事逻辑，同时用“而”字连接对比内容，使译文层次分明： “通过对比两组官方气温地图（1961-1990年和2016-2025年），科学家发现了一个令人震惊的变化：如今英格兰东南部30℃以上的高温天数是数十年前的三倍，而传统上凉爽的北部山区正逐渐失去低温气候特征。”仿写练习： 分析过去二十年的人口数据，研究人员发现了一个显著趋势：中国东部沿海城市的人口密度持续上升，而中西部农村地区的年轻劳动力正在加速外流。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 Analyzing population data over the past two decades, researchers found a striking trend: the population density in China’s eastern coastal cities has continued to rise, while the outflow of young workers from these regions is accelerating. ·长句·解码2 原句：To deal with the worsening climate crisis, climate scientists put forward practical long-term solutions: plant more shade trees in urban blocks, update heat-proof building standards, cut industrial carbon output, and build complete emergency response plans for heatwaves and floods. 语法解析： 1. 主句：climate scientists put forward practical long-term solutions，主语是“climate scientists”，谓语是“put forward”，宾语是“solutions”。 2. 不定式短语作目的状语：To deal with the worsening climate crisis，置于句首，说明科学家提出解决方案的目的，“为了应对日益恶化的气候危机”。 3. 冒号后为列举结构：plant...update...cut...and build...，四个并列的动词短语, 作为“solutions”的具体内容，解释说明“解决方案包括哪些措施”。 4. 并列谓语结构：四个动词短语共享同一个隐含主语“scientists”或“the government”，构成排比，增强说服力和节奏感。 翻译技巧： 将英文句首的目的状语“To deal with...”译为中文“为了……”，保持语序一致；冒号后的四个并列短语译为中文的四字短句（“多种植……更新……削减……建立……”），使译文简洁有力，符合中文政论/说明文的表达习惯： “为了应对日益恶化的气候危机，气候科学家提出了切实可行的长期解决方案：在城市街区多种植遮阴树木、更新建筑隔热标准、削减工业碳排放、建立完善的高温和洪涝应急响应方案。” 仿写练习： 为了解决日益严重的城市交通拥堵问题，城市规划者提出了一系列综合措施：扩建公共交通网络、限制私家车进入市中心、建设更多自行车道、推广灵活上下班制度。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考答案】 To address the worsening urban traffic congestion, city planners put forward a series of comprehensive measures: expand the public transport network, restrict private car access to the city center, build more bicycle lanes, and promote flexible working schedules. 一、阅读理解 根据文章内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. What is the fundamental cause of Britain’s frequent extreme weather according to the Met Office report? A. Mass construction of glass office buildings B. Carbon emissions from human production and life C. Sharp reduction of forest coverage in northern hills D. Continuous drop of winter rainfall nationwide 2. Why does the author mention the three heatwaves of 2026 in Paragraph 2? A. To prove that summer temperatures will keep rising every year B. To show that extreme weather has already caused serious harm C. To suggest that heatwaves only affect England and Wales D. To argue that the government should ban outdoor activities 3. What does the underlined phrase “heat traps” in Paragraph 3 most probably refer to? A. Greenhouses used for growing crops in rural areas B. Cooling devices installed on residential window frames C. Buildings that easily become dangerously overheated D. Underground storage rooms for temperature-sensitive goods 4. What can be inferred about the author’s attitude toward Britain’s current building standards? A. supportive of their environmental benefits B. critical and seriously concerned about their risks C. indifferent to their long-term effects D. optimistic about their future improvements 5. What is the main idea of the whole passage? A. High temperatures caused thousands of deaths in Britain in 2026. B. Extreme weather has become normal, bringing multiple risks and requiring joint action. C. Britain’s building regulations have failed to keep pace with climate change. D. Rainfall patterns in Britain have become wetter while summers stay dry. 【答案解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章基于英国气象局年度报告，分析了极端天气在英国的常态化趋势及其原因，并探讨了其对公众健康与建筑安全带来的多重威胁，呼吁政府与公众协同采取行动。 1. 【答案】B 细节理解题 本题考查对极端天气根源的定位。文章第一段明确指出“mainly caused by carbon emissions released from human industrial production and daily activities”，即碳排放是根本原因。A项“玻璃建筑”属于次生风险，非根源；C项“森林减少”无原文依据；D项“冬季降雨减少”与原文“夏季干旱”内容不符。 2. 【答案】B写作目的题 本题考查对举例论证功能的识别。第二段先呈现总体论点（气候剧变、高温天数三倍、旱涝加剧），随后给出具体案例（2026年三场热浪+2700+死亡），用事实数据佐证“极端天气已造成实际危害”。A项“每年都会升温”为过度推断；C项“仅影响英格兰和威尔士”偷换概念（文中仅说该地区有死亡记录）；D项“禁止户外活动”无依据。 3. 【答案】C 词义猜测题 本题考查根据上下文推断生词含义。文中“heat traps”后紧跟类比“just like closed greenhouses with no ventilation”（就像密闭无通风的温室），前文又提到“large glass walls”（大面积玻璃幕墙）、“lack necessary sunshade equipment”（缺少必要的遮阳设施）、“heat up sharply in hot summers”（夏季急剧升温），综合这三层线索可推断“heat traps”指“极易过热的建筑结构”。 4. 【答案】B作者态度推理题 本题考查对作者隐含态度的推断。作者通过“experts criticize...sharply”（专家尖锐批评）、“exclude schools, hospitals and care homes”（覆盖漏洞）、“easily threatening people’s health”（威胁健康）三处线索，传递出批判且担忧的态度。A项“支持”、C项“漠不关心”、D项“乐观”均与原文批评基调冲突。 5. 【答案】B主旨大意题 本题考查全文主旨概括。文章四层逻辑：①极端天气常态化（根源人类碳排放）→②高温、旱涝、人员伤亡→③建筑缺陷加剧民生风险→④提出对策+不行动的警告。B项完整覆盖“问题严重性+行动必要性”。A、D以偏概全；C仅概括第三段局部信息。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A landmark report 1. ________ (publish) by the UK Met Office has warned that extreme weather 2. ________ (become) Britain’s new reality. Scientific data 3. ________ (collect) over the past century shows that 2025 was the hottest year on record. 4. ________ (analyze) temperature maps from different periods, researchers found that southeast England now experiences three times more hot days than half a century ago. Meanwhile, summer droughts are getting 5. ________ (bad), while sudden floods strike more violently. Loose building regulations have also made the situation worse, especially 6. ________ the elderly. Many newly-built apartments are constructed with large glass windows but without proper sunshades, turning them into “heat traps,” 7. ________ are much like greenhouses without air circulation. Local experts have sharply criticized these standards, 8. ________ (note) that many public buildings remain 9. ________ (protect) against extreme heat. Scientists have called for practical measures, from planting more trees to upgrading building codes. 10. ________ the report warns that extreme weather events will continue to endanger millions of lives unless effective action is taken soon. 【答案解析】 1. published 考查非谓语动词（过去分词作定语）。名词“report”与publish之间为逻辑上的被动关系（报告被发布），且动作已完成，故使用过去分词短语作后置定语。解题关键： 找准逻辑主语report，判断被动关系。 2. has become 考查谓语动词（时态：现在完成时）。描述的是极端天气已成为英国新现实这一状态，强调过去发生的变化对现在造成的影响，且首句“has warned”已确立现在时语境，故使用现在完成时。解题关键： 通读全文确定整体时态基调，判断时态呼应关系。 3. collected 考查非谓语动词（过去分词作定语）。名词“data”与collect之间为逻辑上的被动关系（数据被收集），故使用过去分词作后置定语。解题关键： 识别data与collect之间的被动关系。 4. Analyzing 考查非谓语动词（现在分词作状语）。主语“researchers”与analyze之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且analyze的动作与主句谓语found的动作同时发生，故使用现在分词作方式状语。所填词位于句首，首字母需大写。解题关键： 找准逻辑主语researchers，判断主动关系；句首大写。 5. worse 考查形容词比较级。语境中“getting”表程度变化，语义上“干旱加剧”暗含与过去的比较，需使用bad的比较级形式worse。“getting + 比较级”表“越来越……”为高考高频结构。易错提醒： bad为不规则变化，不是bader。 6. for 考查介词（固定搭配）。“especially for the elderly”引出对象，意为“尤其是对老年人而言”。解题关键： 识别especially为提示词，后接介词引出对象。 7. which 考查定语从句引导词。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“heat traps”（此处指代前文提到的“heat traps”这一整体概念），关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故用which。解题关键： 识别逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，作主语。 8. noting 考查非谓语动词（现在分词作伴随状语）。主语“experts”与note之间为主动关系，与主句谓语“have criticized”同时发生，故使用现在分词作伴随状语。解题关键： 识别伴随状语功能，判断主动关系。 9. unprotected 考查词性转换（分词形容词化+否定前缀）。“remain unprotected”为系表结构，表示“仍处于未受保护的状态”，需在protect前加否定前缀un-，构成形容词化分词。解题关键： 识别remain为系动词，判断需要形容词作表语。 10. Yet 考查连词（并列连词）。上文科学家提出应对措施，下文报告发出警告，前后为语义转折关系，故用Yet连接。所填词位于句首，首字母需大写。解题关键： 识别“措施→警告”之间的转折逻辑。说明： 标准答案为Yet（正式书面语）；But在语法和逻辑上也成立，但语气较口语化，正式考试中建议以Yet为优先。 三、读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Last summer, 78-year-old Margaret sat alone in her fourth-floor flat in central London. Outside, the temperature had reached 39℃ for the fifth day in a row. The large glass window in her living room seemed to trap the heat like an oven. Her small electric fan had broken down three days ago, but with her monthly pension barely covering rent and food, she couldn’t afford a replacement. She had tried placing bowls of cold water in front of the window, but the air remained thick and suffocating. The heatwave had already made headlines across the country. The government had issued an “extreme heat” warning on television, advising people to stay indoors and drink plenty of water. But for people like Margaret, those warnings were not enough. She had called the local council for help, but they told her all emergency services were overwhelmed by the crisis. “We’re receiving thousands of calls,” a tired voice on the phone had said. “Please try to find help from your neighbors if you can.” That was easier said than done. Margaret knew few people in the building. Most of her old friends had moved away or passed on. Her only daughter lived in Scotland and hadn’t visited for nearly two years. The flat was quiet — too quiet. She spent most of her days sitting by the window, watching the street below, feeling the heat press against the glass. Sweating and exhausted, she wondered how much longer she could hold on. Then, a knock came at her door. It was her neighbor, a young university student named Tom, who also looked exhausted from the heat. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then, a knock came at her door. It was her neighbor, a young university student named Tom, who also looked exhausted from the heat. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Tom rushed back to his flat and returned with a fan he no longer used. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1: Then, a knock came at her door. It was her neighbor, a young university student named Tom, who also looked exhausted from the heat. “Margaret, are you alright? I saw your window wide open and the curtains drawn — I’ve been worried about you,” he said, wiping sweat from his forehead. Margaret managed a weak smile. “I’m managing, Tom. Just a bit warm.” But Tom noticed her flushed, sweaty face and the broken fan on the floor. “Your fan’s broken — and you’ve been sitting here like this for days, haven’t you?” he asked gently. Before Margaret could answer, he added, “I’ve got an old fan in my flat. It’s not much, but it works. I’ll go get it.” Margaret shook her head weakly. “Tom, you’re a student — you have exams to prepare for. I’ll be fine.” Tom smiled. “I can study anywhere. You, on the other hand, need a break from this heat. I’ll be right back.” Paragraph 2: Tom rushed back to his flat and returned with a fan he no longer used. He plugged it in and placed it beside her chair. A stream of hot air at first, then gradually cooler, began to move through the room. Margaret breathed deeply. “That’s much better. Thank you, Tom.” He pulled up a chair and sat beside her. “The news said this heatwave will last another week. I’ve been talking to other neighbors — we’re setting up a rota to check on the elderly in our building every afternoon. Would you help us coordinate?” Margaret’s eyes brightened. She knew most of the long-time residents in the building. “I can do that. I know who needs checking on.” For the first time in days, she felt useful again. “So we help each other — that’s the way it should be,” Tom said with a warm smile. 一、阅读理解（四川成都市第七中学2025-2026学年度下学期二诊模拟考试高三英语试题B篇） The moment Daniel Swain wakes up, he gets whipped about (猛烈吹袭) by hurricane-force winds. “A Category 5, literally overnight, hits Acapulco,” says the 34-year-old climate scientist and self-described weather enthusiast, who is hit daily by the flood of catastrophic weather headlines: wildfires, megafloods, haboobs (an intense dust storm) , atmospheric rivers, bomb cyclones. Everyone’s asking: Did climate change cause these disasters? And, more and more, they want Swain to answer. Swain is at the same time 1,600 miles away from the hurricane and at the eye of storm. His ability to explain science to the masses has made him one of the media’s go-to climate experts. He’s a staff research scientist at UCLA’s Institute of the Environment and Sustainability who spends more than 1,100 hours each year on public-facing climate and weather communication, explaining whether (often, yes) and how climate change is raising the number and intensifying the fierceness of weather disasters. “Climate change is an increasingly big part of what’s driving weather extremes today,” Swain says. “I connect the dots between the two. There’s a lot of misunderstanding about how a warming climate affects day-to-day variations in weather, but my goal is to push public perception toward what the science actually says.” So, when reporters call him, he does his best to call them back. “Daniel had a very clear vision about how he wanted to contribute to science and the world, using social media and his website,” says Kareiva, a research professor at UCLA. “We will not solve climate change without a movement, and communication and social media are key to that. Most science papers are never even read. What we do as scientists only matters if it has an impact on the world. We need at least 100 more Daniels.” As global warming continues to worsen, it’s easy to get pulled into overly dramatic ways of looking at where the world is going amid catastrophic weather headlines. Daniel Swain helps people know how we can better face those fears with the use of scientific accuracy, which makes his role incredibly valuable. 1. Why do people want Daniel Swain to answer their disaster-related questions? A. He makes specialised knowledge accessible. B. He is widely recognised by the public and the media. C. He is an expert in environmental sustainability research. D. He works at the eye of storm with first-hand information. 2. What can we learn from Kareiva’s words? A. Climate change is widely misunderstood. B. The public should value scientific work more. C. Scientists should engage the public like Swain. D. Social media has a direct impact on climate change. 3. How can Daniel Swain be described? A. Helpful and optimistic. B. Easy-going and humorous. C. Responsible and serious. D. Purposeful and knowledgeable. 4. What is the suitable title for the text? A. The Weather Man: Approaching Fear with Science B. A Valuable Job: Connecting Science with Social Media C. An Inspiring Figure: Confronting Climate Change Bravely D. A Distinctive Scientist: Interpreting Climate from a Unique Perspective 【答案解析】 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了气候科学家Daniel Swain向公众科普气候变化与极端天气的关系及其重要价值。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“His ability to explain science to the masses has made him one of the media’s go-to climate experts.(他向大众科普科学知识的能力，让他成为媒体首选的气候专家之一。)”可知，他能向大众解释科学知识，让专业知识变得易懂。故选A。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容““Daniel had a very clear vision about how he wanted to contribute to science and the world, using social media and his website,” says Kareiva, a research professor at UCLA. “We will not solve climate change without a movement, and communication and social media are key to that. Most science papers are never even read. What we do as scientists only matters if it has an impact on the world. We need at least 100 more Daniels.”(“Daniel对于如何利用社交媒体和个人网站为科学和世界做出贡献，有着非常清晰的想法。”加州大学洛杉矶分校的研究教授Kareiva说，“没有一场广泛的社会运动，我们就无法解决气候变化问题，而沟通和社交媒体是关键。大多数科研论文甚至从未被人阅读过。我们科学家所做的工作，只有对世界产生影响才有意义。我们至少还需要100个像Daniel这样的人。”)”可知，Kareiva认为科学家应该像Swain一样向公众科普、与公众互动。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“His ability to explain science to the masses has made him one of the media’s go-to climate experts.(他向大众科普科学知识的能力，让他成为媒体首选的气候专家之一。)”可知，他知识渊博，专业能力强；再根据第三段他所说的话“There’s a lot of misunderstanding about how a warming climate affects day-to-day variations in weather, but my goal is to push public perception toward what the science actually says.(很多人对气候变暖如何影响日常天气变化存在误解，但我的目标是让公众的认知贴近科学事实。)”可知，他做科普的目标明确。故选D。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Daniel Swain helps people know how we can better face those fears with the use of scientific accuracy, which makes his role incredibly valuable.(Daniel Swain帮助人们学会如何用科学事实更好地面对这些恐惧，这让他的角色变得极具价值。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了气候科学家Daniel Swain通过向大众解释科学知识，帮助人们用科学准确性的方式面对灾难带来的恐惧，A选项“气象使者：用科学直面恐惧”符合文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选A。 $热点时文15 气候警钟·英伦之殇 【时文·速递】 Extreme Weather Has Become Britain’s New Normal A landmark climate report released by the UK Met Office has drawn nationwide public attention, delivering a disturbing conclusion: all kinds of extreme weather have turned into Britain’s daily reality, mainly caused by carbon emissions released from human industrial production and daily activities. 英国气象局发布的一份里程碑式气候报告引发了全国公众关注，得出了一个令人不安的结论：各类极端天气已成为英国的日常现实，其主要原因是人类工业生产和日常生活活动排放的碳。 Climate records traced back to 1884 prove that 2025 was the hottest year ever recorded across the whole country. Comparing two sets of official temperature maps (1961-1990 and 2016-2025), scientists found a shocking shift: southern and eastern England now has three times more days with temperatures above 30℃ than decades ago, while traditionally cool northern mountain areas are gradually losing their low-temperature climate features. Two opposite rainfall trends also emerge: summer droughts last longer and grow more severe each year, yet sudden heavy rainstorms and floods strike Britain more frequently at the same time. The three continuous heatwaves sweeping the UK in 2026 brought over 2,700 heat-related deaths in England and Wales alone. 可追溯至1884年的气候记录证明，2025年是英国有记录以来全国最热的一年。通过对比两组官方气温地图（1961-1990年和2016-2025年），科学家发现了一个令人震惊的变化：如今英格兰东南部30℃以上的高温天数是数十年前的三倍，而传统上凉爽的北部山区正逐渐失去低温气候特征。两种相反的降水趋势也同时显现：夏季干旱持续时间更长、程度逐年加剧，但与此同时，突如其来的强暴雨和洪水却更加频繁地袭击英国。2026年袭击英国的三场连续热浪仅在英格兰和威尔士就造成了超过2700例与高温相关的死亡。 Apart from natural climate shifts, loose building regulations create hidden life risks for ordinary residents, especially vulnerable groups like the elderly and low-income families. Many newly constructed flats and office towers are designed with large glass walls and lack necessary sunshade equipment. Without cooling facilities inside, these buildings will heat up sharply in hot summers and become heat traps — just like closed greenhouses with no ventilation, easily threatening people’s health. Local planning experts criticize current construction standards sharply. They point out that the 2028 new home rules only apply to ordinary houses, excluding schools, hospitals and care homes, which still lack effective heat-resistance designs. 除了自然气候变化之外，宽松的建筑法规也给普通居民带来了隐藏的生命风险，尤其是老年人和低收入家庭等弱势群体。许多新建公寓和写字楼采用大面积玻璃幕墙设计，却缺少必要的遮阳设施。由于室内没有降温设备，这些建筑在炎热的夏季会急剧升温，变成高温陷阱——就像密闭无通风的温室一样，极易威胁人们的健康。当地规划专家尖锐批评现行的建筑标准。他们指出，2028年新版住宅规范仅适用于普通房屋，学校、医院和养老院等场所被排除在外，这些地方仍然缺乏有效的隔热设计。 To deal with the worsening climate crisis, climate scientists put forward practical long-term solutions: plant more shade trees in urban blocks, update heat-proof building standards, cut industrial carbon output, and build complete emergency response plans for heatwaves and floods. However, the report issues a serious warning: if the government and the public fail to take continuous coordinated actions, extreme weather will keep damaging public health and disrupting people’s daily lives on an increasingly large scale. 为了应对日益恶化的气候危机，气候科学家提出了切实可行的长期解决方案：在城市街区多种植遮阴树木、更新建筑隔热标准、削减工业碳排放、建立完善的高温和洪涝应急响应方案。然而，该报告发出了严肃警告：如果政府和公众不能持续采取协同行动，极端天气将持续损害公众健康，并在越来越大的范围内扰乱人们的日常生活。 【词库·筑基】——课标词汇提取 1 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. landmark /ˈlændmɑːk/ n. 里程碑式的；地标 2. release /rɪˈliːs/ v. 发布；公布 3. conclusion /kənˈkluːʒn/ n. 结论 4. emission /ɪˈmɪʃn/ n. 排放物；排放 5. industrial /ɪnˈdʌstriəl/ adj. 工业的；产业的 6. shift /ʃɪft/ n. 变化；转变 7. emerge /iˈmɜːdʒ/ v. 出现；浮现；显露 8. facility /fəˈsɪləti/ n. 设施；设备；场所 9. vulnerable /ˈvʌlnərəbl/ adj. 脆弱的；弱势的 10. construct /kənˈstrʌkt/ v. 建造；建设 11. emergency /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ n. 紧急情况；突发事件 12. coordinate /kəʊˈɔːdɪneɪt/ v. 协调；协同 【词库·拓维】 01 UK Met Office 英国气象局 （专业术语） The landmark climate report released by the UK Met Office has drawn nationwide public attention. 英国气象局发布的里程碑式气候报告引发了全国公众关注。 02 sunshade 遮阳设施；遮阳篷（超纲词） Many newly constructed flats and office towers lack necessary sunshade equipment. 许多新建公寓和写字楼缺少必要的遮阳设施。 03 ventilation 通风；空气流通（超纲词） Without cooling facilities inside, these buildings become heat traps — just like closed greenhouses with no ventilation. 由于室内没有降温设备，这些建筑变成了高温陷阱——就像密闭无通风的温室一样。 04 heat-proof 防热的；隔热的 （超纲词） Scientists call for updates to heat-proof building standards to protect residents. 科学家呼吁更新建筑隔热标准以保护居民。 05 draw attention 引起关注 （地道搭配） The documentary draws public attention to the urgent problem of plastic pollution in the ocean. 这部纪录片引发了公众对海洋塑料污染这一紧迫问题的关注。 06 deliver a conclusion 得出结论（地道搭配） After months of investigation, the committee delivered a conclusion that the fire was caused by electrical failure. 经过数月的调查，委员会得出了一个结论：火灾是由电力故障引起的。 07 trace back to 追溯至……（地道搭配） The tradition of eating mooncakes can be traced back to the Yuan Dynasty. 吃月饼的传统可以追溯到元朝。 08 put forward solutions 提出解决方案 （地道搭配） The expert put forward a series of practical solutions to reduce air pollution. 这位专家提出了一系列减少空气污染的实用解决方案。 【长句·解码】 ·长句·解码1 原句：Comparing two sets of official temperature maps (1961-1990 and 2016-2025), scientists found a shocking shift: southern and eastern England now has three times more days with temperatures above 30℃ than decades ago, while traditionally cool northern mountain areas are gradually losing their low-temperature climate features. 语法解析： 1. 主句：scientists found a shocking shift，主语是“scientists”，谓语是“found”，宾语是“a shocking shift”。 2. 现在分词短语作状语：Comparing two sets of official temperature maps (1961-1990 and 2016-2025)，主语“scientists”与“compare”之间为逻辑上的主动关系，表示“通过对比两组官方气温地图”，作主句的方式/条件状语。 3. 冒号后的解释性分句：southern and eastern England now has three times more days with temperatures above 30℃ than decades ago，具体说明“shocking shift”的内容。 4. while引导的对比状语从句：while traditionally cool northern mountain areas are gradually losing their low-temperature climate features，与前面的“东南部升温”形成对比，突出南北气候变化的差异。 5. 介词短语作后置定语：with temperatures above 30℃，修饰“days”，具体说明“什么样的日子”。 6. 比较结构：three times more...than decades ago，表示“是数十年前的三倍”。注意： 字面直译易产生“多三倍”的歧义（即四倍），实际英语中“three times more than”通常按“是……的三倍”理解 翻译技巧： 将英文开头的分词短语“Comparing...”译为中文的独立分句“通过对比……”，将冒号后的同位语从句与while对比从句拆分为两个并列分句，保持中文“先总后分”的叙事逻辑，同时用“而”字连接对比内容，使译文层次分明： “通过对比两组官方气温地图（1961-1990年和2016-2025年），科学家发现了一个令人震惊的变化：如今英格兰东南部30℃以上的高温天数是数十年前的三倍，而传统上凉爽的北部山区正逐渐失去低温气候特征。”仿写练习： 分析过去二十年的人口数据，研究人员发现了一个显著趋势：中国东部沿海城市的人口密度持续上升，而中西部农村地区的年轻劳动力正在加速外流。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ·长句·解码2 原句：To deal with the worsening climate crisis, climate scientists put forward practical long-term solutions: plant more shade trees in urban blocks, update heat-proof building standards, cut industrial carbon output, and build complete emergency response plans for heatwaves and floods. 语法解析： 1. 主句：climate scientists put forward practical long-term solutions，主语是“climate scientists”，谓语是“put forward”，宾语是“solutions”。 2. 不定式短语作目的状语：To deal with the worsening climate crisis，置于句首，说明科学家提出解决方案的目的，“为了应对日益恶化的气候危机”。 3. 冒号后为列举结构：plant...update...cut...and build...，四个并列的动词短语, 作为“solutions”的具体内容，解释说明“解决方案包括哪些措施”。 4. 并列谓语结构：四个动词短语共享同一个隐含主语“scientists”或“the government”，构成排比，增强说服力和节奏感。 翻译技巧： 将英文句首的目的状语“To deal with...”译为中文“为了……”，保持语序一致；冒号后的四个并列短语译为中文的四字短句（“多种植……更新……削减……建立……”），使译文简洁有力，符合中文政论/说明文的表达习惯： “为了应对日益恶化的气候危机，气候科学家提出了切实可行的长期解决方案：在城市街区多种植遮阴树木、更新建筑隔热标准、削减工业碳排放、建立完善的高温和洪涝应急响应方案。” 仿写练习： 为了解决日益严重的城市交通拥堵问题，城市规划者提出了一系列综合措施：扩建公共交通网络、限制私家车进入市中心、建设更多自行车道、推广灵活上下班制度。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、阅读理解 根据文章内容，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 1. What is the fundamental cause of Britain’s frequent extreme weather according to the Met Office report? A. Mass construction of glass office buildings B. Carbon emissions from human production and life C. Sharp reduction of forest coverage in northern hills D. Continuous drop of winter rainfall nationwide 2. Why does the author mention the three heatwaves of 2026 in Paragraph 2? A. To prove that summer temperatures will keep rising every year B. To show that extreme weather has already caused serious harm C. To suggest that heatwaves only affect England and Wales D. To argue that the government should ban outdoor activities 3. What does the underlined phrase “heat traps” in Paragraph 3 most probably refer to? A. Greenhouses used for growing crops in rural areas B. Cooling devices installed on residential window frames C. Buildings that easily become dangerously overheated D. Underground storage rooms for temperature-sensitive goods 4. What can be inferred about the author’s attitude toward Britain’s current building standards? A. supportive of their environmental benefits B. critical and seriously concerned about their risks C. indifferent to their long-term effects D. optimistic about their future improvements 5. What is the main idea of the whole passage? A. High temperatures caused thousands of deaths in Britain in 2026. B. Extreme weather has become normal, bringing multiple risks and requiring joint action. C. Britain’s building regulations have failed to keep pace with climate change. D. Rainfall patterns in Britain have become wetter while summers stay dry. 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A landmark report 1. ________ (publish) by the UK Met Office has warned that extreme weather 2. ________ (become) Britain’s new reality. Scientific data 3. ________ (collect) over the past century shows that 2025 was the hottest year on record. 4. ________ (analyze) temperature maps from different periods, researchers found that southeast England now experiences three times more hot days than half a century ago. Meanwhile, summer droughts are getting 5. ________ (bad), while sudden floods strike more violently. Loose building regulations have also made the situation worse, especially 6. ________ the elderly. Many newly-built apartments are constructed with large glass windows but without proper sunshades, turning them into “heat traps,” 7. ________ are much like greenhouses without air circulation. Local experts have sharply criticized these standards, 8. ________ (note) that many public buildings remain 9. ________ (protect) against extreme heat. Scientists have called for practical measures, from planting more trees to upgrading building codes. 10. ________ the report warns that extreme weather events will continue to endanger millions of lives unless effective action is taken soon. 三、读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Last summer, 78-year-old Margaret sat alone in her fourth-floor flat in central London. Outside, the temperature had reached 39℃ for the fifth day in a row. The large glass window in her living room seemed to trap the heat like an oven. Her small electric fan had broken down three days ago, but with her monthly pension barely covering rent and food, she couldn’t afford a replacement. She had tried placing bowls of cold water in front of the window, but the air remained thick and suffocating. The heatwave had already made headlines across the country. The government had issued an “extreme heat” warning on television, advising people to stay indoors and drink plenty of water. But for people like Margaret, those warnings were not enough. She had called the local council for help, but they told her all emergency services were overwhelmed by the crisis. “We’re receiving thousands of calls,” a tired voice on the phone had said. “Please try to find help from your neighbors if you can.” That was easier said than done. Margaret knew few people in the building. Most of her old friends had moved away or passed on. Her only daughter lived in Scotland and hadn’t visited for nearly two years. The flat was quiet — too quiet. She spent most of her days sitting by the window, watching the street below, feeling the heat press against the glass. Sweating and exhausted, she wondered how much longer she could hold on. Then, a knock came at her door. It was her neighbor, a young university student named Tom, who also looked exhausted from the heat. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then, a knock came at her door. It was her neighbor, a young university student named Tom, who also looked exhausted from the heat. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Tom rushed back to his flat and returned with a fan he no longer used. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 一、阅读理解（四川成都市第七中学2025-2026学年度下学期二诊模拟考试高三英语试题B篇） The moment Daniel Swain wakes up, he gets whipped about (猛烈吹袭) by hurricane-force winds. “A Category 5, literally overnight, hits Acapulco,” says the 34-year-old climate scientist and self-described weather enthusiast, who is hit daily by the flood of catastrophic weather headlines: wildfires, megafloods, haboobs (an intense dust storm) , atmospheric rivers, bomb cyclones. Everyone’s asking: Did climate change cause these disasters? And, more and more, they want Swain to answer. Swain is at the same time 1,600 miles away from the hurricane and at the eye of storm. His ability to explain science to the masses has made him one of the media’s go-to climate experts. He’s a staff research scientist at UCLA’s Institute of the Environment and Sustainability who spends more than 1,100 hours each year on public-facing climate and weather communication, explaining whether (often, yes) and how climate change is raising the number and intensifying the fierceness of weather disasters. “Climate change is an increasingly big part of what’s driving weather extremes today,” Swain says. “I connect the dots between the two. There’s a lot of misunderstanding about how a warming climate affects day-to-day variations in weather, but my goal is to push public perception toward what the science actually says.” So, when reporters call him, he does his best to call them back. “Daniel had a very clear vision about how he wanted to contribute to science and the world, using social media and his website,” says Kareiva, a research professor at UCLA. “We will not solve climate change without a movement, and communication and social media are key to that. Most science papers are never even read. What we do as scientists only matters if it has an impact on the world. We need at least 100 more Daniels.” As global warming continues to worsen, it’s easy to get pulled into overly dramatic ways of looking at where the world is going amid catastrophic weather headlines. Daniel Swain helps people know how we can better face those fears with the use of scientific accuracy, which makes his role incredibly valuable. 1. Why do people want Daniel Swain to answer their disaster-related questions? A. He makes specialised knowledge accessible. B. He is widely recognised by the public and the media. C. He is an expert in environmental sustainability research. D. He works at the eye of storm with first-hand information. 2. What can we learn from Kareiva’s words? A. Climate change is widely misunderstood. B. The public should value scientific work more. C. Scientists should engage the public like Swain. D. Social media has a direct impact on climate change. 3. How can Daniel Swain be described? A. Helpful and optimistic. B. Easy-going and humorous. C. Responsible and serious. D. Purposeful and knowledgeable. 4. What is the suitable title for the text? A. The Weather Man: Approaching Fear with Science B. A Valuable Job: Connecting Science with Social Media C. An Inspiring Figure: Confronting Climate Change Bravely D. A Distinctive Scientist: Interpreting Climate from a Unique Perspective $