04-高考核心688词汇 任务单-2027年高三英语二轮复习专项

该高中英语高考复习任务单系统覆盖20个高考高频词汇，按“基础记忆-语境辨析-应用拓展”三层架构组织，通过Section A默背检查、Section B真题语境词义选择、Section C词汇辨析等任务设计，引导学生从音形义到语境运用自主构建词汇知识网络，体现考点梳理的系统性和层次性。 亮点在于自主诊断工具和语言能力培养设计，如Section A设置双轮默背打勾表供学生标记掌握程度，Section B嵌入2022-2024年高考模拟真题语境题，培养学生的语境理解与词义辨析能力。Section D短文填空和Section E中英互译任务，推动词汇从输入到输出的转化，帮助学生建立个性化错题归因体系，教师可依据学生标记的未掌握词汇精准辅导，有效支持因材施教。

Leaf 04 Section A 单词背诵 （使用时遮住英文或中文，一遍过则在方框内打勾，后续查漏补缺看未打勾单词。） 英文 中文 默背1 默背2 support[sə'pɔ:t] v. 支持；支撑；供养；n. 支持；援助 £ £ £ £ £ £ widen['waidn] v. 使变宽；拓宽；扩大 £ £ £ £ £ £ gap[ɡæp] n. 缺口，差距；间隙；空白 £ £ £ £ £ £ accent['æksənt] n. 口音，重音；强调；v. 重读；强调 £ £ £ £ £ £ optimistic[.ɔpti'mistik] adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的 £ £ £ £ £ £ damp[dæmp] adj. 潮湿的；消沉的；n. 潮湿；v. 使潮湿；抑制 £ £ £ £ £ £ neglect[ni'ɡlekt] v. 忽视，忽略；疏忽；n. 忽视；疏忽 £ £ £ £ £ £ horizon[hə'raizn] n. 地平线；眼界；范围 £ £ £ £ £ £ range[reindʒ] n. 范围；一系列；山脉；射程；v.（范围）从… 到…(from…to…)；徘徊；排列 £ £ £ £ £ £ explode[iks'pləud] v. 爆炸；爆发；激增 £ £ £ £ £ £ assume[ə'sju:m] v. 假定，设想；承担；假装；呈现 £ £ £ £ £ £ subordinate[sə'bɔ:dinət] adj. 下级的，次要的；从属的；n. 下属；v. 使服从 £ £ £ £ £ £ unconscious[ʌn'kɔnʃəs] adj. 无知觉 (意识) 的；无意识的；无意的 £ £ £ £ £ £ transmission[træns'miʃn] n. 传输；传送；变速器；传播 £ £ £ £ £ £ minimize['minimaiz] v. 使减 (缩) 小到最低；极度轻视 £ £ £ £ £ £ theory['θiəri] n. 理论；学说；看法 £ £ £ £ £ £ sensitive['sensitiv] adj. 敏感的；灵敏的；易生气的 £ £ £ £ £ £ retain[ri'tein] v. 保持，保留；记住；聘请 £ £ £ £ £ £ accustom[ə'kʌstəm] v. 使习惯 (to) £ £ £ £ £ £ achievement[ə'tʃi:vmənt] n. 成就；成绩；完成 £ £ £ £ £ £ Section B 词义巩固 （在括号中填写你认为合适的词义。） support 【A】v. 支持 【B】v. 支撑 【C】v. 供养 【D】n. 支持；援助 [səˈpɔːt] ①（ ）Most citizens support the new environmental policy.（2024广东新高考模拟·阅读理解） ②（ ）The pillars support the roof of the ancient hall.（2023山东新高考模拟·信息类文本） ③（ ）He has a large family to support.（2022全国甲卷·完形填空改编） ④（ ）We rely on your support to carry out the plan.（2024湖南高三模拟·应用文写作） widen 【A】v. 使变宽；拓宽 【B】v. 扩大（差距、视野） [ˈwaɪdn] ①（ ）Workers plan to widen the main road next year.（2023浙江高三模拟·语法填空） ②（ ）The conflict widened the gap between the two sides.（2024江苏高三模拟·阅读理解） gap 【A】n. 缺口 【B】n. 差距 【C】n. 间隙；空白 [ɡæp] ①（ ）We found a gap in the fence.（2021北京高考·完形填空改编） ②（ ）Education helps narrow the gap between rich and poor.（2022全国乙卷·阅读理解） ③（ ）There is a gap of ten years between the two events.（2024重庆高三模拟·七选五） accent 【A】n. 口音 【B】n. 重音；强调 【C】v. 重读；强调 [ˈæksent] ①（ ）She speaks English with a southern accent.（2023河北新高考模拟·完形填空） ②（ ）The accent falls on the first syllable of this word.（2024安徽高三词汇辨析模拟） ③（ ）The report accents the importance of safety.（2022辽宁高三模拟·阅读理解） damp 【A】adj. 潮湿的 【B】adj. 消沉的 【C】n. 潮湿 【D】v. 使潮湿；抑制 [dæmp] ①（ ）Don’t stay in the damp basement for too long.（2023四川高三模拟·阅读理解） ②（ ）He felt damp after failing the competition.（2024天津高三模拟·完形填空） ③（ ）The damp in the house damaged the wooden furniture.（2021湖北新高考模拟·阅读） ④（ ）Bad news damped our enthusiasm for travel.（2022福建新高考模拟·阅读理解） neglect 【A】v. 忽视，忽略 【B】v. 疏忽 【C】n. 忽视；疏忽 [nɪˈɡlekt] ①（ ）Don’t neglect your physical exercise while studying.（2024全国乙卷·书面表达素材） ②（ ）He neglected to lock the door before leaving.（2023江西高三单选模拟） ③（ ）The garden was ruined through years of neglect.（2024浙江新高考模拟·完形填空） horizon 【A】n. 地平线 【B】n. 眼界；范围 [həˈraɪzn] ①（ ）The sun sank slowly below the horizon.（2022全国甲卷·阅读理解改编） ②（ ）Travelling can broaden your horizons.（2023广东新高考模拟·七选五） range 【A】n. 范围 【B】n. 一系列 【C】n. 山脉 【D】n. 射程【E】v.（范围）从…到…(from…to…) 【F】v. 徘徊；排列 [reɪndʒ] ①（ ）The shop offers a wide range of daily goods.（2024湖北新高考模拟·信息类文本） ②（ ）We face a whole range of difficult problems.（2023湖南高三模拟·语法填空） ③（ ）A high mountain range separates the two villages.（2022浙江高考·科普阅读改编） ④（ ）The gun has an effective range of one kilometre.（2021重庆高三模拟·阅读理解） ⑤（ ）Prices range from 10 to 100 dollars.（2024山东新高考模拟·短文改错） ⑥（ ）Wild animals range freely in the forest.（2023安徽高三模拟·阅读理解） explode 【A】v. 爆炸 【B】v. 爆发（情绪） 【C】v.（数量）激增 [ɪkˈspləʊd] ①（ ）The old bomb exploded without warning.（2022全国乙卷·阅读理解改编） ②（ ）She exploded with anger at the news.（2024河北高三模拟·语法填空） ③（ ）The number of online users has exploded in recent years.（2023江苏高三模拟·阅读） assume 【A】v. 假定，设想 【B】v. 承担 【C】v. 假装 【D】v. 呈现 [əˈsjuːm] ①（ ）We assume that he will arrive on time.（2024福建新高考模拟·阅读理解） ②（ ）He assumed the responsibility for the whole project.（2023天津高三模拟·应用文） ③（ ）She assumed an air of confidence.（2022辽宁高三模拟·词汇单选） ④（ ）The city has assumed a new look.（2021山东新高考模拟·完形填空） subordinate 【A】adj. 下级的；次要的；从属的 【B】n. 下属 【C】v. 使服从 [səˈbɔːdɪnət] ①（ ）Individual interests are subordinate to public interests.（2024广东高三拓展阅读模拟） ②（ ）The manager listened carefully to his subordinates.（2023重庆高三模拟·阅读理解） ③（ ）Don’t subordinate everything to money.（2022安徽词汇辨析模拟） sensitive 【A】adj. 敏感的 【B】adj. 灵敏的 【C】adj. 易生气的 [ˈsensɪtɪv] ①（ ）Young children are sensitive to loud noises.（2023全国甲卷·科普阅读改编） ②（ ）This instrument is sensitive to small temperature changes.（2024浙江新高考模拟·阅读） ③（ ）Try not to be so sensitive to others’ opinions.（2021湖南高三模拟·七选五） retain 【A】v. 保持，保留 【B】v. 记住 【C】v. 聘请 [rɪˈteɪn] ①（ ）The old building retains its original style.（2024江苏高三模拟·阅读理解） ②（ ）It is hard to retain all the new words in a short time.（2023河北新高考模拟·完形填空） ③（ ）The company retained a famous lawyer.（2022北京高考模拟·阅读） ## 第二组：单一释义单词 optimistic 【A】adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的 [ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk] ①（ ）We are optimistic about the future development.（2024全国乙卷·书面表达素材） unconscious 【A】adj. 无知觉的；无意识的；无意的 [ʌnˈkɒnʃəs] ①（ ）He fell and was unconscious for several minutes.（2023浙江高三模拟·阅读理解） transmission 【A】n. 传输；传送；传播；变速器 [trænsˈmɪʃn] ①（ ）The transmission of information becomes faster with the Internet.（2024湖北新高考模拟·信息类文本） minimize 【A】v. 使缩小到最低；极度轻视 [ˈmɪnɪmaɪz] ①（ ）We should take measures to minimize the risk.（2023山东新高考模拟·七选五） theory 【A】n. 理论；学说；看法 [ˈθɪəri] ①（ ）The theory needs to be tested by practice.（2022全国甲卷·阅读理解改编） accustom 【A】v. 使习惯（to） [əˈkʌstəm] ①（ ）It takes time to accustom yourself to the new timetable.（2024江西高三模拟·语法填空） achievement 【A】n. 成就；成绩；完成 [əˈtʃiːvmənt] ①（ ）Winning the prize is a great achievement for him.（2023四川高三模拟·完形填空） Section C 词汇辨析 （选择正确的单词，此项考察同义/同音/反义/近义词。） 1. My family always ____ me whenever I meet difficulties. A. oppose  B. support  C. resist  D. refuse 2. The government plans to ____ the road to reduce traffic jams. A. narrow  B. shorten  C. widen  D. lighten 3. There is a wide ____ between the rich and the poor in some areas. A. cap  B. gap  C. tap  D. lap 4. She speaks English with a soft southern ____. A. access  B. accident  C. accent  D. accept 5. We should stay ____ about our future no matter what happens. A. pessimistic  B. realistic  C. optimistic  D. passive 6. The basement feels cold and ____ on rainy days. A. dry  B. damp  C. warm  D. bright 7. Don’t ____ your health because of heavy work. A. collect  B. select  C. neglect  D. elect 8. Traveling can broaden your ____ and change your mind. A. hormone  B. horizon  C. harmony  D. hardware 9. This shop sells a wide ____ of daily necessities. A. scope  B. range  C. rank  D. rate 10. The gas tank might ____ if you heat it too much. A. explore  B. export  C. explode  D. expose 11. Many people ____ that money brings happiness, which is not true. A. resume  B. assume  C. consume  D. presume 12. This task is ____ to our main project, not the key part. A. superior  B. senior  C. subordinate  D. superior 13. He fell off the bike and remained ____ for ten minutes. A. conscious  B. awake  C. alive  D. unconscious 14. The ____ of radio signals will be cut off at midnight. A. translation  B. transmission  C. transportation  D. transformation 15. We must ____ the risk of losing customers. A. maximize  B. magnify  C. minimize  D. multiply 16. Good ____ must be tested by plenty of real practice. A. theory  B. thought  C. idea  D. opinion 17. Kids are usually more ____ to loud noises than adults. A. sensible  B. sensitive  C. serious  D. sincere 18. You can ____ your old good memories by writing diaries. A. abandon  B. remove  C. retain  D. cancel 19. It takes time to ____ yourself to the new school life. A. custom  B. accustom  C. costume  D. customer 20. Winning the national prize is a great ____ for him. A. failure  B. mistake  C. loss  D. achievement Section D 短文填空 （使用括号中的单词的正确形式填空。） We took a volunteer teaching trip to mountain villages, hoping ____________ (widen) local children’s ____________ (horizon). Charities provided continuous ____________ (support) to narrow the educational ____________ (gap) between cities and remote hills. Most village kids talked with a strong local ____________ (accent). It took us time ____________ (accustom) our ears to their speech, and we found kids surprisingly ____________ (sense) to teachers’ emotional changes. Many educators hold the educational ____________ (theory) that no one should ____________ (neglect) rural children’s mental growth. We should never ____________ (assume) urban knowledge is more valuable and regard rural students as ____________ (subordinate). During knowledge ____________ (transmission), we often make ____________ (conscious) errors in expression, so we adjust teaching ways ____________ (minimize) confusion in class. Our courses covered a wide ____________ (range) of subjects. The children’s joy would ____________ (explode) every time they talked about small personal ____________ (achievement). Even in cold, ____________ (damp) mountain classrooms, we kept ____________ (optimistic) all the time. We chose to ____________ (retain) patience when communicating with shy youngsters. Section E 中英互译 1. If you neglect to protect this sensitive instrument, damp air will damage its transmission system and widen the error range. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Leaders should support every subordinate, not merely assume that one single theory can minimize all management gaps. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 拓宽视野能缩小认知差距，我们要保持乐观，慢慢习惯应对工作中的各类难题。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 听到这份重大成就时他情绪激动爆发，无意识地带着家乡口音分享奋斗经历。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 我们要留住优质客户，减少沟通矛盾，切勿将基层员工视作无足轻重的次要人员。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Leaf 04 Section A 单词背诵 （使用时遮住英文或中文，一遍过则在方框内打勾，后续查漏补缺看未打勾单词。） 英文 中文 默背1 默背2 support[sə'pɔ:t] v. 支持；支撑；供养；n. 支持；援助 £ £ £ £ £ £ widen['waidn] v. 使变宽；拓宽；扩大 £ £ £ £ £ £ gap[ɡæp] n. 缺口，差距；间隙；空白 £ £ £ £ £ £ accent['æksənt] n. 口音，重音；强调；v. 重读；强调 £ £ £ £ £ £ optimistic[.ɔpti'mistik] adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的 £ £ £ £ £ £ damp[dæmp] adj. 潮湿的；消沉的；n. 潮湿；v. 使潮湿；抑制 £ £ £ £ £ £ neglect[ni'ɡlekt] v. 忽视，忽略；疏忽；n. 忽视；疏忽 £ £ £ £ £ £ horizon[hə'raizn] n. 地平线；眼界；范围 £ £ £ £ £ £ range[reindʒ] n. 范围；一系列；山脉；射程；v.（范围）从… 到…(from…to…)；徘徊；排列 £ £ £ £ £ £ explode[iks'pləud] v. 爆炸；爆发；激增 £ £ £ £ £ £ assume[ə'sju:m] v. 假定，设想；承担；假装；呈现 £ £ £ £ £ £ subordinate[sə'bɔ:dinət] adj. 下级的，次要的；从属的；n. 下属；v. 使服从 £ £ £ £ £ £ unconscious[ʌn'kɔnʃəs] adj. 无知觉 (意识) 的；无意识的；无意的 £ £ £ £ £ £ transmission[træns'miʃn] n. 传输；传送；变速器；传播 £ £ £ £ £ £ minimize['minimaiz] v. 使减 (缩) 小到最低；极度轻视 £ £ £ £ £ £ theory['θiəri] n. 理论；学说；看法 £ £ £ £ £ £ sensitive['sensitiv] adj. 敏感的；灵敏的；易生气的 £ £ £ £ £ £ retain[ri'tein] v. 保持，保留；记住；聘请 £ £ £ £ £ £ accustom[ə'kʌstəm] v. 使习惯 (to) £ £ £ £ £ £ achievement[ə'tʃi:vmənt] n. 成就；成绩；完成 £ £ £ £ £ £ Section B 词义巩固 （在括号中填写你认为合适的词义。） support 【A】v. 支持 【B】v. 支撑 【C】v. 供养 【D】n. 支持；援助 [səˈpɔːt] ①（ ）Most citizens support the new environmental policy.（2024广东新高考模拟·阅读理解） ②（ ）The pillars support the roof of the ancient hall.（2023山东新高考模拟·信息类文本） ③（ ）He has a large family to support.（2022全国甲卷·完形填空改编） ④（ ）We rely on your support to carry out the plan.（2024湖南高三模拟·应用文写作） widen 【A】v. 使变宽；拓宽 【B】v. 扩大（差距、视野） [ˈwaɪdn] ①（ ）Workers plan to widen the main road next year.（2023浙江高三模拟·语法填空） ②（ ）The conflict widened the gap between the two sides.（2024江苏高三模拟·阅读理解） gap 【A】n. 缺口 【B】n. 差距 【C】n. 间隙；空白 [ɡæp] ①（ ）We found a gap in the fence.（2021北京高考·完形填空改编） ②（ ）Education helps narrow the gap between rich and poor.（2022全国乙卷·阅读理解） ③（ ）There is a gap of ten years between the two events.（2024重庆高三模拟·七选五） accent 【A】n. 口音 【B】n. 重音；强调 【C】v. 重读；强调 [ˈæksent] ①（ ）She speaks English with a southern accent.（2023河北新高考模拟·完形填空） ②（ ）The accent falls on the first syllable of this word.（2024安徽高三词汇辨析模拟） ③（ ）The report accents the importance of safety.（2022辽宁高三模拟·阅读理解） damp 【A】adj. 潮湿的 【B】adj. 消沉的 【C】n. 潮湿 【D】v. 使潮湿；抑制 [dæmp] ①（ ）Don’t stay in the damp basement for too long.（2023四川高三模拟·阅读理解） ②（ ）He felt damp after failing the competition.（2024天津高三模拟·完形填空） ③（ ）The damp in the house damaged the wooden furniture.（2021湖北新高考模拟·阅读） ④（ ）Bad news damped our enthusiasm for travel.（2022福建新高考模拟·阅读理解） neglect 【A】v. 忽视，忽略 【B】v. 疏忽 【C】n. 忽视；疏忽 [nɪˈɡlekt] ①（ ）Don’t neglect your physical exercise while studying.（2024全国乙卷·书面表达素材） ②（ ）He neglected to lock the door before leaving.（2023江西高三单选模拟） ③（ ）The garden was ruined through years of neglect.（2024浙江新高考模拟·完形填空） horizon 【A】n. 地平线 【B】n. 眼界；范围 [həˈraɪzn] ①（ ）The sun sank slowly below the horizon.（2022全国甲卷·阅读理解改编） ②（ ）Travelling can broaden your horizons.（2023广东新高考模拟·七选五） range 【A】n. 范围 【B】n. 一系列 【C】n. 山脉 【D】n. 射程【E】v.（范围）从…到…(from…to…) 【F】v. 徘徊；排列 [reɪndʒ] ①（ ）The shop offers a wide range of daily goods.（2024湖北新高考模拟·信息类文本） ②（ ）We face a whole range of difficult problems.（2023湖南高三模拟·语法填空） ③（ ）A high mountain range separates the two villages.（2022浙江高考·科普阅读改编） ④（ ）The gun has an effective range of one kilometre.（2021重庆高三模拟·阅读理解） ⑤（ ）Prices range from 10 to 100 dollars.（2024山东新高考模拟·短文改错） ⑥（ ）Wild animals range freely in the forest.（2023安徽高三模拟·阅读理解） explode 【A】v. 爆炸 【B】v. 爆发（情绪） 【C】v.（数量）激增 [ɪkˈspləʊd] ①（ ）The old bomb exploded without warning.（2022全国乙卷·阅读理解改编） ②（ ）She exploded with anger at the news.（2024河北高三模拟·语法填空） ③（ ）The number of online users has exploded in recent years.（2023江苏高三模拟·阅读） assume 【A】v. 假定，设想 【B】v. 承担 【C】v. 假装 【D】v. 呈现 [əˈsjuːm] ①（ ）We assume that he will arrive on time.（2024福建新高考模拟·阅读理解） ②（ ）He assumed the responsibility for the whole project.（2023天津高三模拟·应用文） ③（ ）She assumed an air of confidence.（2022辽宁高三模拟·词汇单选） ④（ ）The city has assumed a new look.（2021山东新高考模拟·完形填空） subordinate 【A】adj. 下级的；次要的；从属的 【B】n. 下属 【C】v. 使服从 [səˈbɔːdɪnət] ①（ ）Individual interests are subordinate to public interests.（2024广东高三拓展阅读模拟） ②（ ）The manager listened carefully to his subordinates.（2023重庆高三模拟·阅读理解） ③（ ）Don’t subordinate everything to money.（2022安徽词汇辨析模拟） sensitive 【A】adj. 敏感的 【B】adj. 灵敏的 【C】adj. 易生气的 [ˈsensɪtɪv] ①（ ）Young children are sensitive to loud noises.（2023全国甲卷·科普阅读改编） ②（ ）This instrument is sensitive to small temperature changes.（2024浙江新高考模拟·阅读） ③（ ）Try not to be so sensitive to others’ opinions.（2021湖南高三模拟·七选五） retain 【A】v. 保持，保留 【B】v. 记住 【C】v. 聘请 [rɪˈteɪn] ①（ ）The old building retains its original style.（2024江苏高三模拟·阅读理解） ②（ ）It is hard to retain all the new words in a short time.（2023河北新高考模拟·完形填空） ③（ ）The company retained a famous lawyer.（2022北京高考模拟·阅读） ## 第二组：单一释义单词 optimistic 【A】adj. 乐观的；乐观主义的 [ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk] ①（ ）We are optimistic about the future development.（2024全国乙卷·书面表达素材） unconscious 【A】adj. 无知觉的；无意识的；无意的 [ʌnˈkɒnʃəs] ①（ ）He fell and was unconscious for several minutes.（2023浙江高三模拟·阅读理解） transmission 【A】n. 传输；传送；传播；变速器 [trænsˈmɪʃn] ①（ ）The transmission of information becomes faster with the Internet.（2024湖北新高考模拟·信息类文本） minimize 【A】v. 使缩小到最低；极度轻视 [ˈmɪnɪmaɪz] ①（ ）We should take measures to minimize the risk.（2023山东新高考模拟·七选五） theory 【A】n. 理论；学说；看法 [ˈθɪəri] ①（ ）The theory needs to be tested by practice.（2022全国甲卷·阅读理解改编） accustom 【A】v. 使习惯（to） [əˈkʌstəm] ①（ ）It takes time to accustom yourself to the new timetable.（2024江西高三模拟·语法填空） achievement 【A】n. 成就；成绩；完成 [əˈtʃiːvmənt] ①（ ）Winning the prize is a great achievement for him.（2023四川高三模拟·完形填空） support：①【A】②【B】③【C】④【D】 widen：①【A】②【B】 gap：①【A】②【B】③【C】 accent：①【A】②【B】③【C】 damp：①【A】②【B】③【C】④【D】 neglect：①【A】②【B】③【C】 horizon：①【A】②【B】 range：①【A】②【B】③【C】④【D】⑤【E】⑥【F】 explode：①【A】②【B】③【C】 assume：①【A】②【B】③【C】④【D】 subordinate：①【A】②【B】③【C】 sensitive：①【A】②【B】③【C】 retain：①【A】②【B】③【C】 optimistic：①【A】 unconscious：①【A】 transmission：①【A】 minimize：①【A】 theory：①【A】 accustom：①【A】 achievement：①【A】 Section C 词汇辨析 （选择正确的单词，此项考察同义/同音/反义/近义词。） 1. My family always ____ me whenever I meet difficulties. A. oppose  B. support  C. resist  D. refuse 答案：B 解析：support 支持；oppose 反对，二者为反义词。 2. The government plans to ____ the road to reduce traffic jams. A. narrow  B. shorten  C. widen  D. lighten 答案：C 解析：widen 拓宽；narrow 使变窄，反义辨析。 3. There is a wide ____ between the rich and the poor in some areas. A. cap  B. gap  C. tap  D. lap 答案：B 解析：gap 差距、缺口；cap 帽子，形近干扰。 4. She speaks English with a soft southern ____. A. access  B. accident  C. accent  D. accept 答案：C 解析：accent 口音；access 通道，形近易混词。 5. We should stay ____ about our future no matter what happens. A. pessimistic  B. realistic  C. optimistic  D. passive 答案：C 解析：optimistic 乐观的；pessimistic 悲观的，反义词辨析。 6. The basement feels cold and ____ on rainy days. A. dry  B. damp  C. warm  D. bright 答案：B 解析：damp 潮湿的；dry 干燥的，互为反义词。 7. Don’t ____ your health because of heavy work. A. collect  B. select  C. neglect  D. elect 答案：C 解析：neglect 忽视；collect 收集，形近干扰词。 8. Traveling can broaden your ____ and change your mind. A. hormone  B. horizon  C. harmony  D. hardware 答案：B 解析：horizon 眼界、地平线；hormone 激素，形近辨析。 9. This shop sells a wide ____ of daily necessities. A. scope  B. range  C. rank  D. rate 答案：B 解析：range 一系列、范围；同义 scope。 10. The gas tank might ____ if you heat it too much. A. explore  B. export  C. explode  D. expose 答案：C 解析：explode 爆炸；explore 探索，形近易混。 11. Many people ____ that money brings happiness, which is not true. A. resume  B. assume  C. consume  D. presume 答案：B 解析：assume 假定；resume 重新开始，形近辨析。 12. This task is ____ to our main project, not the key part. A. superior  B. senior  C. subordinate  D. superior 答案：C 解析：subordinate 次要的、下级的；superior 优等的，反义词。 13. He fell off the bike and remained ____ for ten minutes. A. conscious  B. awake  C. alive  D. unconscious 答案：D 解析：unconscious 失去意识的；conscious 清醒的，反义。 14. The ____ of radio signals will be cut off at midnight. A. translation  B. transmission  C. transportation  D. transformation 答案：B 解析：transmission 信号传输；translation 翻译，形近派生辨析。 15. We must ____ the risk of losing customers. A. maximize  B. magnify  C. minimize  D. multiply 答案：C 解析：minimize 最小化；maximize 最大化，反义词。 16. Good ____ must be tested by plenty of real practice. A. theory  B. thought  C. idea  D. opinion 答案：A 解析：theory 理论；practice 实践，反义概念辨析。 17. Kids are usually more ____ to loud noises than adults. A. sensible  B. sensitive  C. serious  D. sincere 答案：B 解析：sensitive 敏感的；sensible 明智的，形近高频辨析。 18. You can ____ your old good memories by writing diaries. A. abandon  B. remove  C. retain  D. cancel 答案：C 解析：retain 保留；abandon 舍弃，反义词。 19. It takes time to ____ yourself to the new school life. A. custom  B. accustom  C. costume  D. customer 答案：B 解析：accustom v. 使习惯；custom n. 习俗，形近辨析。 20. Winning the national prize is a great ____ for him. A. failure  B. mistake  C. loss  D. achievement 答案：D 解析：achievement 成就；failure 失败，反义词辨析。 Section D 短文填空 （使用括号中的单词的正确形式填空。） We took a volunteer teaching trip to mountain villages, hoping to widen local children’s horizons. Charities provided continuous support to narrow the educational gaps between cities and remote hills. Most village kids talked with a strong local accent. It took us time to accustom our ears to their speech, and we found kids surprisingly sensitive to teachers’ emotional changes. Many educators hold the educational theory that no one should neglect rural children’s mental growth. We should never assume urban knowledge is more valuable and regard rural students as subordinates. During knowledge transmission, we often make unconscious errors in expression, so we adjust teaching ways to minimize confusion in class. Our courses covered a wide range of subjects. The children’s joy would explode every time they talked about small personal achievements. Even in cold, damp mountain classrooms, we kept optimistic all the time. We chose to retain patience when communicating with shy youngsters. Section E 中英互译 1. If you neglect to protect this sensitive instrument, damp air will damage its transmission system and widen the error range. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Leaders should support every subordinate, not merely assume that one single theory can minimize all management gaps. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 拓宽视野能缩小认知差距，我们要保持乐观，慢慢习惯应对工作中的各类难题。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 听到这份重大成就时他情绪激动爆发，无意识地带着家乡口音分享奋斗经历。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 5. 我们要留住优质客户，减少沟通矛盾，切勿将基层员工视作无足轻重的次要人员。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 1. 如果你疏于保养这台精密敏感的仪器，潮湿空气会损坏它的传输系统，扩大误差范围。 2. 管理者应当支持每一位下属，不能单纯假定一套理论就能抹平所有管理上的隔阂。 3. Widening your horizons can narrow the cognitive gap; we need to stay optimistic and gradually accustom ourselves to various difficulties at work. 4. His emotions exploded on hearing this great achievement, and he unconsciously shared his struggle experience with his hometown accent. 5. We need to retain high-quality customers and minimize communication conflicts, and never regard grassroots staff as trivial subordinates. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $