Unit 3 Sports and Fitness Reading and thinking 分层巩固练习-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

**基本信息** 高一上学期人教版必修一Unit 3 Reading and Thinking分层巩固练习，采用“基础全面练+综合应用练”双层设计，通过词汇语法到语篇应用的渐进式训练，夯实语言基础并提升综合思维能力，适配新授课教学目标。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础全面练|单元核心词汇（拼写）、语法（单句填空）、短语（选词填空）及基础写作|聚焦单一知识点，如单词拼写强化Reading核心名词动词，语法填空训练词形转换与固定搭配，夯实语言能力| |综合应用练|语篇理解（阅读理解）、逻辑衔接（七选五）|跨知识点综合应用，阅读理解对接Fitness等子主题，七选五聚焦sportsmanship逻辑分析，提升思维品质|

Unit 3 Reading and Thinking 分层巩固练习高一上学期人教版必修一 （时间：45分钟 满分：72分） 基础全面练 Ⅰ. 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请根据汉语注释，在空白处填入恰当的单词，注意使用正确形式。 1. It was a great honour for our school to ________(举办) the final of the 2026 Provincial High School Football League. 2. Mastering a skill is quite like climbing a mountain where ________(汗水) and persistence are the only shortcuts. 3. It thrilled fans nationwide to watch competing ________(运动员) break the Asian record in the women's 4×100m relay at the 2026 Nagoya Asian Games. 4. Linguists agree that it is impossible to ________(掌握) a foreign language without systematic memory work. 5. Lin Wei was proud to be elected ________(队长) of our school's varsity basketball team last month. 6. She repeated her gold-medal success in the 800-metre ________(比赛项目) at the 2026 National Youth Track and Field Championships. 7. All the newly-built ________(体育场) in Chongqing are equipped with smart cooling systems for the 2026 U18 Asian Games. 8. Exhausted as they were, the marathon runners kept circling the ________(跑道) until they crossed the finish line. 9. Thousands of spectators jumped for joy when the ________(冠军) of the 2026 Winter Youth Olympic Games appeared on the podium. 10. China claimed a clean sweep of the gymnastics ________(奖章) at the 2026 Hangzhou Asian Para Games, shocking the world with its dominance. Ⅱ. 单句语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式或恰当的虚词。 1. I am ________(honour) to be invited to deliver a speech at the 2026 National Student Sports Summit. 2. All the coaches admire her unwavering strength of character and iron ________(determine). 3. ________(fit) is the foundation of athletic performance, but technical skills are equally indispensable. 4. We are still debating whether to go ________(ski) in Changbai Mountain during the upcoming winter break. 5. After winning the gold medal, she gave a ________(grace) nod to the judges and the cheering crowd. 6. The secret ________ sustainable progress in sports is learning from your competitors' strengths. 7. The ________(injure) to her Achilles tendon ruled her out of the 2026 Milan Winter Olympics. 8. Self-awareness requires us to step back and recognize our ________(strength) and weaknesses objectively. 9. To be frank, the opening ceremony of the 2026 National Games was a complete success rather than ________ failure. 10. Though he ________(sweat) profusely all over then, he refused to take a break and insisted on finishing the drill. Ⅲ. 选词填空（共8小题；每小题1.5分，满分12分） 请从以下短语中选择恰当的选项填入空白处，注意使用正确形式： at home and abroad, take part in, fall apart, lose heart, work out, set an example, give up, come along 1. Though diagnosed with a rare bone disease, the Paralympic skier never ________ pursuing her dream of winning a world championship. 2. A total of 45 countries and regions will ________ the 2026 Chengdu World University Games, with over 10,000 athletes registered. 3. The trade negotiation ________ when neither side would compromise on the tariff issue. 4. Whenever the mid-term exam season ________, many students feel overwhelmed by academic pressure. 5. Through short-video platforms, we can keep track of the latest sports news ________ in real time. 6. To maintain physical fitness, I stick to ________ for 40 minutes every morning, alternating between jogging and strength training. 7. As public figures, elite athletes are expected to ________ for teenagers by demonstrating integrity and perseverance. 8. No matter how tough the preliminary rounds are, our school team never ________ and always fights till the last second. Ⅳ. 单句写作（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 请根据汉语提示，运用括号内的提示词完成句子，注意句式正确。 1. 这名徒步旅行者在2026年阿尔卑斯山地马拉松中迷路了，但他设法回到了安全地带。（make it） _____________________________________________________________________________ 2. 2026年感动中国人物、残奥会冠军李娟为我们树立了一个好榜样，我们应该向她学习。（set an example） _____________________________________________________________________________ 3. 今天我在训练馆遇到了正在备战2026年冬奥会的苏翊鸣，他似乎很专注。（seem） _____________________________________________________________________________ 4. 能受邀在2026年全国中学生体育论坛上发言，我感到非常荣幸。（honour） _____________________________________________________________________________ 5. 你最好和朋友们一起打篮球，这不仅能增强你们的体质，还能加深你们的友谊。（strength） _____________________________________________________________________________ 综合应用练 Ⅰ. 阅读理解（共7小题；每小题2.5分，满分17.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A （2026·长沙高一期末调研） New research from the 2026 Global Health Forum suggests that unconventional health tips may be more effective than traditional advice for busy high school students. Here are four science-backed strategies to boost your well-being: Exercise when mentally exhausted After a long day of classes, hitting the gym may feel counterintuitive, but a 30-minute low-intensity workout can increase blood flow to the brain, boosting energy levels by 27% according to a 2026 Cambridge University study. Handwrite revision notes While typing is faster, handwriting activates the reticular activating system in the brain, which improves information retention by up to 40%. Researchers recommend rewriting key history and biology concepts by hand before exams. Schedule solo downtime Spending 15 minutes alone every day without screens helps regulate emotions and reduces impulsive behavior. A 2026 Peking University survey found that students who practiced daily solitude reported 30% lower stress levels. Drink hot tea on warm days Contrary to popular belief, drinking a cup of hot green tea on a 30℃ day triggers sweat production, which cools the body more effectively than iced drinks. The effect lasts up to 45 minutes, per a 2026 Tokyo Institute of Technology report. 1. Which tip helps improve memory efficiency?（ ） A. Exercising when tired. B. Handwriting revision notes. C. Scheduling solo downtime. D. Drinking hot tea on warm days. 2. Why is hot tea recommended on hot days?（ ） A. It raises body temperature temporarily. B. It increases perspiration to cool the body. C. It provides more energy than iced drinks. D. It prevents heatstroke more effectively. 3. What is the purpose of the text?（ ） A. To introduce innovative health strategies for students. B. To compare traditional and modern health advice. C. To explain the science behind physical exercise. D. To promote the 2026 Global Health Forum. B （2026·济南高一质量检测） A 2026 meta-analysis by the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that prolonged sitting increases the risk of cardiovascular disease by 34% and type 2 diabetes by 27%, even among people who meet daily exercise guidelines. The study tracked 120,000 adults across 22 countries for 8 years, making it the largest research of its kind. Postural problems are the most immediate consequence: 68% of participants who sat for more than 8 hours daily reported chronic neck pain, lower back pain or knee stiffness. While regular workouts ease symptoms, they do not eliminate the risks of sedentary behavior. “You can run 5 kilometers every morning, but if you sit for the rest of the day, your metabolism still slows down significantly,” explained Dr. Elena Martinez, lead researcher of the study. The mechanism behind the harm lies in muscle deactivation: sitting switches off large muscles in the legs and glutes, reducing the body’s ability to regulate blood sugar and break down fats. Over time, this leads to increased waist circumference, higher cholesterol levels and reduced insulin sensitivity. WHO recommends breaking up sitting time every 30 minutes. Simple adjustments—such as using a standing desk, taking walking meetings or doing calf raises while on the phone—can cut health risks by up to 50%. “Small, consistent changes are far more effective than occasional intense exercise,” Martinez added. 4. Where is this text most likely from?（ ） A. A sports coaching manual. B. A medical science journal. C. A travel guidebook. D. A fashion magazine. 5. What can we infer about postural problems?（ ） A. They only affect elderly people. B. One-hour daily exercise can fully prevent them. C. They are directly linked to extended sitting time. D. They can be cured by medication without lifestyle changes. 6. What is the main focus of Paragraph 4?（ ） A. The biological process of muscle deactivation. B. The long-term impacts of sedentary behavior. C. Practical suggestions to reduce sitting-related risks. D. The limitations of current health research. 7. What is the best title for the text?（ ） A. The Benefits of Regular Exercise B. Sedentary Behavior: Risks and Solutions C. How to Improve Your Posture at Work D. WHO’s New Guidelines for Diabetes Prevention Ⅱ. 七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 （2026·武汉高一期末） Win and Lose with Grace: Lessons from the 2026 Asian Games During the 2026 Asian Games in Nagoya, audiences were struck not just by the athletic performances, but by the sportsmanship displayed by young athletes. As a high school coach, I’ve noticed that while some students handle victory and defeat gracefully, others struggle with emotional regulation. _____1_____ ● Acknowledge disappointment constructively Teach your child that it’s normal to feel upset after losing a close match. _____2_____ Some may want to talk about what went wrong, while others might need a quiet moment alone or a hug to calm down. Remind them that blaming teammates or opponents is never acceptable. ● _____3_____ Encourage your child to congratulate winners sincerely, even when they’re disappointed. Point out specific strengths of the winning team: “Did you see how well they coordinated their passes? That’s something we can practice too.” Shifting focus from personal loss to others’ achievements helps reduce resentment and builds empathy. ● Distinguish between skill-based and chance-based games Some competitions, like chess or track races, rely heavily on individual skill and preparation, while others, like card games or dice games, depend largely on luck. _____4_____ This helps them avoid attributing losses to personal inadequacy and reduces unnecessary self-blame. ● Praise effort over outcome _____5_____ Instead of focusing on whether they won or lost, highlight the hard work they put into training: “I’m proud of how early you got up to practice every morning, regardless of the result.” This fosters a growth mindset, making them more likely to persevere in future challenges. A. Congratulate others sincerely B. Practice fair play in all competitions C. Losing a skill-based game often feels more personal than losing a luck-based one D. Learning to manage post-game emotions is a skill that takes time to develop E. Different children process disappointment in vastly different ways F. This reminds them that success is not solely determined by talent, but by consistent effort G. Avoiding discussing losses with your child helps them move on more quickly 参考答案及解析版 基础全面练 解析 Ⅰ. 单词拼写（每小题1分，共10分） 题号 答案 考点溯源 解题思路&易错提醒 1 host U3 Welcome核心动词 「举办赛事」用host，注意拼写不要误写为houst；句中it为形式主语，真正主语是不定式to host。 2 sweat U3 Reading核心名词 句意为“掌握技能像登山，汗水和坚持是唯一捷径”，sweat为不可数名词，无需变复数。 3 athletes U3 Reading核心名词 运动员（复数），注意不要漏s，易与athletic（形容词“运动的”）混淆。 4 master U3 Reading核心动词 句意为“不背记就不可能掌握外语”，it is impossible to do结构中填动词原形。 5 captain U3 Reading核心名词 “队长”，可数名词，此处特指“我校篮球队队长”，用单数即可。 6 event U3 Reading核心名词 “比赛项目”，易与近义词incident（事件）混淆，此处指田径赛事项目，用event。 7 stadiums U3 Reading核心名词 “体育场”，复数为stadiums（中学阶段要求，非常用形式stadia不要求掌握），注意双写m再加s。 8 track U3 Reading核心名词 “跑道”，circle the track为固定搭配“绕跑道跑”。 9 champions U3 Reading核心名词 “冠军（复数）”，注意与championship（锦标赛）区分，此处指多名冠军，加s。 10 medals U3 Reading核心名词 “奖牌（复数）”，易与形近词metal（金属）混淆，注意e和a的区别。 Ⅱ. 单句语法填空（每小题1分，共10分） 题号 答案 考点溯源 解题思路&易错提醒 1 honoured U3 Reading核心词honour用法 it is + 形容词 + to do固定句型，此处为被动“我很荣幸被邀请”，用过去分词honoured作形容词，易误写为honour（名词/动词）或honourable（“光荣的”，修饰物）。 2 determination U3 Reading核心词determine派生 形容词性物主代词her后加名词，determine的名词形式为determination（不可数），意为“决心”。 3 Fitness U3 Reading核心词fit派生 句首大写，“健身”为抽象概念，不可数，不用复数；易误写为fit（动词/形容词）或fitting（“适合的”）。 4 skiing U3 Reading短语go + doing go skiing“去滑雪”为单元固定搭配，类似的还有go skating/go swimming。 5 graceful U3 Reading核心词grace派生 形容词修饰名词nod（点头），grace的形容词形式为graceful（“优雅的”）。 6 to U3 Reading固定搭配 the secret to (doing) sth“做某事的秘诀”，to为介词，易误写为不定式符号to do。 7 injury U3 Reading核心词injure派生 the + 名词 + 后置定语（to her Achilles tendon），injure的名词形式为injury（可数，“伤处”），此处特指跟腱的那一处伤，用单数。 8 strengths U3 Reading核心词strength反义对应 与后面的weaknesses（弱点，复数）对应，用复数形式strengths，意为“优势”；易误写为strong（形容词）或strengthen（动词）。 9 a 单元语法：抽象名词具体化 failure通常为不可数名词，但当指“一件具体失败的的事”时可数，a failure此处指“一场失败的仪式/活动”，符合语境“开幕式完全成功而非一场失败”。 10 was sweating 时态考点：过去进行时 then（当时）提示过去进行时，主语he为单数，故填was sweating；易误填sweated（一般过去时，无法体现“当时一直在流汗”的状态）。 Ⅲ. 选词填空（每小题1.5分，共12分） 题号 答案 短语辨析&解题思路 易错提醒 1 gave up give up“放弃”，句意为“尽管被诊断罕见骨病，这位残奥滑雪者从未放弃夺冠梦”；注意give up doing sth固定搭配。 易误填lost heart（“灰心”，程度太轻，不符合“追梦多年”的语境）。 2 take part in take part in“参加（大型活动/赛事）”，此处接“2026成都大运会”，符合搭配；区分：join接“组织或人”，join in接“小型游戏/活动”。 易误填come along（“进展/到来”，不符合语境）。 3 fell apart fall apart“破裂、垮掉”，句意为“双方都不在关税上妥协，贸易谈判破裂了”。 易误填gave up（主语是negotiation，不能“放弃”，是人放弃）。 4 comes along come along“到来、来临”，句意为“每当期中季来临，很多学生都会被压力压垮”。 易误填falls apart（主语是exam season，不会“破裂”）。 5 at home and abroad “国内外”，句意为“通过短视频平台可以实时了解国内外体育新闻”。 固定短语，不要改顺序。 6 working out work out多义：“锻炼/解出/制定出”，此处指“每天早上锻炼40分钟保持健康”，stick to doing固定搭配，填动名词。 易误填taking part in（“参加”，不符合“日常健身”的语境）。 7 set an example set an example for sb“为某人树立榜样”，单元固定搭配，句意为“公众人物应该为青少年树立诚信坚毅的榜样”。 易误填take part in（完全不符合语境）。 8 lose heart lose heart“灰心”，句意为“无论预选赛多难，我校队从不灰心，战斗到最后”。 易误填fall apart（主语是team，不会“破裂”）。 Ⅳ. 单句写作（每小题2分，共10分） 1. 参考范文：The hiker got lost in the 2026 Alpine Mountain Marathon, but he made it back to safety. • 高分亮点：make it“成功做成某事”，此处make it back to sp“成功回到某地”是单元重点短语。 • 常见错误：误写为made back to safety（漏it），或arrived safely（未用提示词make it）。 2. 参考范文：Li Juan, the 2026 Touching China award winner and Paralympic champion, has set a good example for us, and we should follow her example. • 高分亮点：set an example for sb（单元固定搭配，“为某人树榜样”），follow one's example“效仿某人”呼应上文。 • 常见错误：误写为set an example to us（for强调“树立给某人看”，to强调“给某人做示范”，此处用for更符合语境），或漏掉has（现在完成时，强调对现在的影响“我们要学她”）。 3. 参考范文：Today I met Su Yiming who is preparing for the 2026 Winter Olympics in the training hall, and he seemed very focused. • 高分亮点：seem的三种用法：①seem + adj.（此处用法）②seem to do③It seems that...；focused“专注的”比busy更贴合运动员备战的语境。 • 常见错误：误写为seemed very busy（未体现“专注”的细节，要点缺失），或seems（时态错，是今天遇到，用过去时）。 4. 参考范文：I feel it a great honour to be invited to speak at the 2026 National Middle School Sports Forum. • 高分亮点：it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是to be invited...，对应句型feel it + n. + to do；honour此处为可数名词“荣幸的事”。 • 常见错误：误写为I am honour to be invited（honour是名词，此处需用过去分词honoured作形容词），或漏it（形式宾语缺失，导致句型错误）。 5. 参考范文：You'd better play basketball with your friends, which can not only build up your strength, but also strengthen your friendship. • 高分亮点：build up one's strength“增强体质”（strength名词“体力”），strengthen“加强、增进”（动词），not only...but also...并列两个谓语，符合提示词strength的双词性考点（名词/动词派生）。 • 常见错误：误写为not only strengthen your body, but also strengthen your friendship（未用strength，且两个strengthen重复，未体现词性区分），或not only build up your strong, but also...（strong是形容词，不能作build up的宾语）。 综合应用练 解析 Ⅰ. 阅读理解（每小题2.5分，共17.5分） A篇（2026·长沙高一期末，主题：青少年非常规健康建议，对接单元子主题Fitness） 1. 答案：B • 解题思路：细节定位题，定位第二段Handwrite revision notes部分，末句“激活大脑网状激活系统，提升记忆留存率40%”，对应“提升记忆效率”，选B。 • 干扰项排除：A对应第一段“疲惫时锻炼”，是提升精力；C对应第三段“独处”，是调节情绪；D对应第四段“热天喝热茶”，是降温。 2. 答案：B • 解题思路：细节定位题，定位第四段Drink hot tea on warm days部分，第二句“热茶触发排汗，比冰饮更能有效降温”，选B。 • 干扰项排除：A“暂时升温”是过程不是目的；C、D无原文依据。 3. 答案：A • 解题思路：主旨大意题，首段点明“非常规健康建议可能更有效”，随后列4个学生适用的创新健康策略，选A。 • 干扰项排除：B“比较传统和现代建议”非重点，仅提了非常规建议的优势；C仅覆盖第一段“锻炼”的部分；D“推广论坛”无依据，论坛只是研究发布方。 B篇（2026·济南高一质检，主题：久坐的危害，对接单元子主题Healthy Lifestyle） 4. 答案：B • 解题思路：来源推断题，文章核心是WHO的医学研究，讲久坐的生理机制和健康风险，属于医学科学类内容，选B（科学杂志）。 • 干扰项排除：A“教练手册”不会讲这么多生理机制；C“旅游指南”、D“时尚杂志”完全不符合主题。 5. 答案：C • 解题思路：推理判断题，定位第二段Postural problems are the most immediate consequence，后文接“68%每天坐8小时以上的人有慢性颈痛/腰痛”，说明姿势问题和久坐直接相关，选C。 • 干扰项排除：A“只影响老人”无依据；B“每天1小时锻炼完全可以预防”与第三段regular workouts ease symptoms, but they do not eliminate the risks（锻炼只能缓解不能消除风险）矛盾；D“不用改变生活方式只靠药就能治”无依据。 6. 答案：C • 解题思路：段落主旨题，第四段先讲久坐的机制，再讲WHO的建议（每30分钟打断久坐）和具体操作（站立办公、走路开会等），核心是“减少久坐风险的实用建议”，选C。 • 干扰项排除：A“肌肉失活的生物学过程”是第三段内容；B“久坐的长期影响”也是第三段内容；D“当前研究的局限”无提及。 7. 答案：B • 解题思路：标题归纳题，文章前半部分讲久坐的危害（风险），后半部分讲应对方法（建议），B“久坐：风险与对策”最全面。 • 干扰项排除：A“规律锻炼的好处”偏离核心“久坐”；C“如何改善工作姿势”仅覆盖部分内容；D“WHO糖尿病预防指南”窄化主题。 Ⅱ. 七选五（每小题2.5分，共12.5分，主题：体育精神，对接课文Living Legends的sportsmanship主题） 题号 答案 逻辑关系&解题思路 1 D 段尾过渡句：前文说“有的孩子输得起有的不行”，后文说“但我们可以帮他们”，中间填“管理输球后的情绪是需要时间习得的技能”，承接前后，选D。 2 E 段中衔接句：前文说“失望是正常的”，后文说“有的孩子想复盘，有的想安静待着”，说明“不同孩子处理失望的方式完全不同”，选E，different和后文some...others...呼应。 3 A 小标题：后文核心是“sincerely congratulate winners”（真诚祝贺赢家），选A“真诚祝贺他人”，和后文动作呼应，且与第一个小标题Acknowledge disappointment结构一致。 4 C 段中衔接句：前文区分“靠技巧的游戏（棋类/田径）”和“靠运气的游戏（卡牌/骰子）”，后文说“避免把输归因为自己能力不足”，说明“靠技巧的游戏输了比靠运气的更戳人，才不会怪自己运气差”，选C，逻辑顺承。 5 F 段尾总结句：小标题是Focus on effort（关注努力而非结果），F句“这让他们明白成功不只靠天赋，更靠持续的努力”刚好呼应effort的主题，选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $