内容正文:
名词所有格
(语法讲解+分层精练)
目 录
一、名词所有格的概念 1
二、三种所有格形式详解 1
(一)'s 所有格 1
(二)of 所有格 2
(三)双重所有格 2
三、中考分层练习题(共30题) 2
基础篇(第1-10题) 2
提高篇(第11-20题) 3
挑战篇(第21-30题) 4
一、名词所有格的概念
名词所有格用来表示名词之间的所属关系,即“谁的什么东西”,相当于汉语中的“……的”。
二、三种所有格形式详解
(一)'s 所有格
构成方式:
1. 一般情况下,在单词(单数名词)的词尾加 's。
→ my brother's bike(我弟弟的自行车)
2. 以 s 结尾的复数名词,词尾只加 '。
→ the teachers' office(老师们的办公室)
3. 不以 s 结尾的复数名词,在词尾加 's。
→ children's Day(儿童节)
4. 表示两人或多人共有某物时,只在最后一个名词的词尾加 's;如果各自所有,每个名词的词尾都要加 's。
→ Lucy and Lily's room(两人共用的房间)
→ Lucy's and Lily's rooms(两人各自的房间)
用法:
1. 表示人或其他有生命物体的名词的所属关系。
→ the dog's tail(狗的尾巴)
2. 表示时间、距离、价格等无生命名词的所属关系。
→ today's newspaper(今天的报纸),five minutes' walk(五分钟路程)
3. 表示有些节日。
→ Teachers' Day(教师节),Children's Day(儿童节)
4. 表示店铺、医院、住宅时,'s 所有格后通常不出现它所修饰的名词。
→ at the doctor's(在诊所),go to my uncle's(去我叔叔家)
(二)of 所有格
构成方式:
名词 + of + 名词
用法:
多用于表示无生命事物的名词的所属关系。
→ the door of the room(房间的门)
→ the name of the school(学校的名字)
(三)双重所有格
构成方式:
名词 + of + 's 所有格(或 名词性物主代词)
用法:
用来表示整体中的一部分(“其中之一”或“其中一部分”)。
→ a friend of my father's(我父亲的一位朋友)
→ a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)
注意区分:
· a picture of mine → 我拥有的一张照片(照片属于我)
· a picture of me → 一张我的照片(照片上的人是我)
三、中考分层练习题(共30题)
🔵 基础篇(第1-10题)
1. This is ________ bike. It's very new.
A. Tom B. Tom's C. Toms D. Toms'
2. These are the ________ books. Please give them to the students.
A. student B. student's C. students' D. students's
3. ________ Day is on June 1st.
A. Child B. Child's C. Children D. Children's
4. This is ________ room. They share it.
A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy's and Lily C. Lucy and Lily's D. Lucy's and Lily's
5. Is this ________ desk?
A. your father B. your father's C. your fathers D. your fathers'
6. The ________ tail is short.
A. rabbit B. rabbit's C. rabbits D. rabbits'
7. What's ________ name?
A. your sister B. your sister's C. your sisters D. your sisters'
8. The door of the ________ is broken.
A. classroom B. classroom's C. classrooms D. classrooms'
9. It's about five ________ walk from here.
A. minute B. minute's C. minutes D. minutes'
10. I'm going to see a doctor at the ________.
A. doctor B. doctors C. doctor's D. doctors'
提高篇(第11-20题)
11. ________ mothers are both teachers.
A. Tom and Mike B. Tom's and Mike C. Tom and Mike's D. Tom's and Mike's
12. The ________ desks are made of wood.
A. student B. student's C. students D. students'
13. She is a friend of ________.
A. my sister B. my sister's C. my sisters D. my sisters'
14. This is the ________ bike. It's not theirs.
A. Greens B. Greens' C. Green's D. Green
15. The capital of China is Beijing. (同义转换) Beijing is ________ capital.
A. China B. China's C. Chinese D. of China
16. Are these the ________ shoes?
A. women B. women's C. womens' D. womens
17. ________ room is very big and bright.
A. Twin's B. Twins' C. Twins D. Twin
18. This is a photo of ________. I took it yesterday.
A. my family B. my family's C. families D. family
19. The ________ windows are clean.
A. room B. room's C. rooms D. rooms'
20. I have two sisters. They are ________.
A. Mary's and Jane's friends B. Mary and Jane's friends C. Mary's and Jane friends D. Mary and Jane's friend
🔴 挑战篇(第21-30题)
21. This is a map of ________.
A. the world B. the world's C. worlds D. world's
22. The computer is ________. It's not ________.
A. Tom and Jack's; me B. Tom's and Jack's; my C. Tom and Jack's; mine D. Tom's and Jack's; mine
23. We will have a ________ holiday.
A. two weeks B. two-week C. two weeks' D. B and C
24. This is ________ bedroom. They share it.
A. Lily and Lucy B. Lily's and Lucy C. Lily and Lucy's D. Lily's and Lucy's
25. He is a teacher of ________.
A. my sister B. my sister's C. my sisters D. my sisters'
26. The window of the room is open. (选择同义句) The ________ window is open.
A. room B. room's C. rooms D. rooms'
27. Those are ________ books. They are not ________.
A. Peter and Mary's; my B. Peter's and Mary's; mine C. Peter and Mary's; mine D. Peter's and Mary's; my
28. The ________ car is very expensive.
A. boss' B. boss's C. bosses D. A and B
29. This is a photo of ________. It's very nice.
A. my father B. my father's C. my fathers D. my fathers'
30. She is one of ________ friends.
A. mother B. mother's C. mothers D. mothers'
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名词所有格
(语法讲解+分层精练)
目 录
一、名词所有格的概念 1
二、三种所有格形式详解 1
(一)'s 所有格 1
(二)of 所有格 2
(三)双重所有格 2
三、中考分层练习题(共30题) 2
基础篇(第1-10题) 2
提高篇(第11-20题) 4
挑战篇(第21-30题) 5
一、名词所有格的概念
名词所有格用来表示名词之间的所属关系,即“谁的什么东西”,相当于汉语中的“……的”。
二、三种所有格形式详解
(一)'s 所有格
构成方式:
1. 一般情况下,在单词(单数名词)的词尾加 's。
→ my brother's bike(我弟弟的自行车)
2. 以 s 结尾的复数名词,词尾只加 '。
→ the teachers' office(老师们的办公室)
3. 不以 s 结尾的复数名词,在词尾加 's。
→ children's Day(儿童节)
4. 表示两人或多人共有某物时,只在最后一个名词的词尾加 's;如果各自所有,每个名词的词尾都要加 's。
→ Lucy and Lily's room(两人共用的房间)
→ Lucy's and Lily's rooms(两人各自的房间)
用法:
1. 表示人或其他有生命物体的名词的所属关系。
→ the dog's tail(狗的尾巴)
2. 表示时间、距离、价格等无生命名词的所属关系。
→ today's newspaper(今天的报纸),five minutes' walk(五分钟路程)
3. 表示有些节日。
→ Teachers' Day(教师节),Children's Day(儿童节)
4. 表示店铺、医院、住宅时,'s 所有格后通常不出现它所修饰的名词。
→ at the doctor's(在诊所),go to my uncle's(去我叔叔家)
(二)of 所有格
构成方式:
名词 + of + 名词
用法:
多用于表示无生命事物的名词的所属关系。
→ the door of the room(房间的门)
→ the name of the school(学校的名字)
(三)双重所有格
构成方式:
名词 + of + 's 所有格(或 名词性物主代词)
用法:
用来表示整体中的一部分(“其中之一”或“其中一部分”)。
→ a friend of my father's(我父亲的一位朋友)
→ a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)
注意区分:
· a picture of mine → 我拥有的一张照片(照片属于我)
· a picture of me → 一张我的照片(照片上的人是我)
三、中考分层练习题(共30题)
🔵 基础篇(第1-10题)
1. This is ________ bike. It's very new.
A. Tom B. Tom's C. Toms D. Toms'
答案:B
解析: 单数名词Tom,一般情况下加's表示“Tom的”,故选B。
2. These are the ________ books. Please give them to the students.
A. student B. student's C. students' D. students's
答案:C
解析: “学生们的”复数students以s结尾,只加撇号,故选C。
3. ________ Day is on June 1st.
A. Child B. Child's C. Children D. Children's
答案:D
解析: Children是不以s结尾的复数名词,加's表示“儿童节”,故选D。
4. This is ________ room. They share it.
A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy's and Lily C. Lucy and Lily's D. Lucy's and Lily's
答案:C
解析: 两人共用一个房间,表示共同所有,只在最后一个人名后加's,故选C。
5. Is this ________ desk?
A. your father B. your father's C. your fathers D. your fathers'
答案:B
解析: 单数名词father,加's表示“你爸爸的”,故选B。
6. The ________ tail is short.
A. rabbit B. rabbit's C. rabbits D. rabbits'
答案:B
解析: 单数名词rabbit,加's表示“兔子的”,故选B。
7. What's ________ name?
A. your sister B. your sister's C. your sisters D. your sisters'
答案:B
解析: “你妹妹的”单数名词sister加's,故选B。
8. The door of the ________ is broken.
A. classroom B. classroom's C. classrooms D. classrooms'
答案:A
解析: “教室的门”中“教室”是无生命名词,用of所有格,结构为the door of the classroom,故选A。
9. It's about five ________ walk from here.
A. minute B. minute's C. minutes D. minutes'
答案:D
解析: “五分钟的步行”,minutes是复数以s结尾,只加撇号,故选D。
10. I'm going to see a doctor at the ________.
A. doctor B. doctors C. doctor's D. doctors'
答案:C
解析: 表示“诊所”时,'s所有格后省略名词,at the doctor's表示“在诊所”,故选C。
提高篇(第11-20题)
11. ________ mothers are both teachers.
A. Tom and Mike B. Tom's and Mike C. Tom and Mike's D. Tom's and Mike's
答案:D
解析: 两人的母亲是各自的(分别所有),每个人名后都加's,故选D。
12. The ________ desks are made of wood.
A. student B. student's C. students D. students'
答案:D
解析: “学生们的课桌”,复数students以s结尾加撇号,故选D。
13. She is a friend of ________.
A. my sister B. my sister's C. my sisters D. my sisters'
答案:B
解析: 双重所有格结构“a friend of + 名词's”,表示“我姐姐的一位朋友”,故选B。
14. This is the ________ bike. It's not theirs.
A. Greens B. Greens' C. Green's D. Green
答案:C
解析: “格林先生的自行车”单数姓氏Green加's,故选C。
15. The capital of China is Beijing. (同义转换) Beijing is ________ capital.
A. China B. China's C. Chinese D. of China
答案:B
解析: 国家名China可用's所有格,表示“中国的首都”,故选B。
16. Are these the ________ shoes?
A. women B. women's C. womens' D. womens
答案:B
解析: women是不以s结尾的复数名词,加's表示“女人们的”,故选B。
17. ________ room is very big and bright.
A. Twin's B. Twins' C. Twins D. Twin
答案:B
解析: “双胞胎”复数twins以s结尾,加撇号表示“双胞胎的(共同)房间”,故选B。
18. This is a photo of ________. I took it yesterday.
A. my family B. my family's C. families D. family
答案:A
解析: “a photo of my family”意为“一张我家人的照片”,强调照片内容,不是所有关系,故选A。
19. The ________ windows are clean.
A. room B. room's C. rooms D. rooms'
答案:B
解析: “房间的窗户”可用's所有格(也可用of),此处room是单数,加's,故选B。
20. I have two sisters. They are ________.
A. Mary's and Jane's friends B. Mary and Jane's friends C. Mary's and Jane friends D. Mary and Jane's friend
答案:A
解析: 表示两人分别的朋友(各自的朋友),用分别所有格,故选A。
🔴 挑战篇(第21-30题)
21. This is a map of ________.
A. the world B. the world's C. worlds D. world's
答案:A
解析: “世界地图”中world为无生命名词,通常用of所有格,a map of the world,故选A。
22. The computer is ________. It's not ________.
A. Tom and Jack's; me B. Tom's and Jack's; my C. Tom and Jack's; mine D. Tom's and Jack's; mine
答案:C
解析: 第一空表示两人共有一台电脑,用Tom and Jack's;第二空作表语用名词性物主代词mine,故选C。
23. We will have a ________ holiday.
A. two weeks B. two-week C. two weeks' D. B and C
答案:D
解析: “两周的假期”可用two weeks'(所有格)或two-week(复合形容词),两者都对,故选D。
24. This is ________ bedroom. They share it.
A. Lily and Lucy B. Lily's and Lucy C. Lily and Lucy's D. Lily's and Lucy's
答案:C
解析: 共用卧室,共同所有,在最后一个人名后加's,故选C。
25. He is a teacher of ________.
A. my sister B. my sister's C. my sisters D. my sisters'
答案:B
解析: 双重所有格表示“我姐姐的一位老师”,用of + 名词's,故选B。
26. The window of the room is open. (选择同义句) The ________ window is open.
A. room B. room's C. rooms D. rooms'
答案:B
解析: 可用's所有格替换of所有格,room's表示“房间的”,故选B。
27. Those are ________ books. They are not ________.
A. Peter and Mary's; my B. Peter's and Mary's; mine C. Peter and Mary's; mine D. Peter's and Mary's; my
答案:C
解析: 第一空表示两人共有的书(共同所有)用Peter and Mary's;第二空作表语用名词性物主代词mine,故选C。
28. The ________ car is very expensive.
A. boss' B. boss's C. bosses D. A and B
答案:D
解析: 以s结尾的单数名词boss的所有格,既可加's也可只加',两者都正确,故选D。
29. This is a photo of ________. It's very nice.
A. my father B. my father's C. my fathers D. my fathers'
答案:B
解析: “a photo of my father's”表示“我爸爸拥有的一张照片”(照片属于爸爸),而“a photo of my father”表示“一张我爸爸的照片”。双重所有格强调所属,故选B。
30. She is one of ________ friends.
A. mother B. mother's C. mothers D. mothers'
答案:B
解析: “妈妈的一位朋友”用one of + 名词所有格,即one of mother's friends,故选B。注意这里mother's是所有格形式。
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