2027届高考一轮复习长难句练习-2022新高考I卷阅读长难句 专练

**基本信息** 以2022新高考I卷真题为载体，构建“拆解-扩写-仿写”三阶训练体系，系统培养长难句分析与表达能力，契合语言能力与思维品质素养要求。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |长难句分析|6组真题句|“去修饰-去非谓语-去从句”三步缩句法，提炼主干|从生词（熟义生义）到词组（固定搭配）再到句子结构（主干与修饰）递进| |扩写练习|5个基础句|添加修饰、非谓语、从句逐步构建复杂句|由简到繁，掌握修饰成分与逻辑关系| |仿写练习|5大主题|结合教育/科技等主题仿写，迁移句式结构|从语言输入到输出，提升表达准确性与丰富性|

长难句练习1-2022新高考I卷 本篇以2022年新高考I卷阅读文章为依据，选取文章中长难句进行拆解分析，并附上扩写和翻译练习。 Part 1 长难句 A Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. 课堂活动每天都会不一样，但学生必须随时准备好完成简短的课堂写作或测试，这些内容直接取自指定的阅读材料或上一堂课讲座/讨论的笔记，因此在课堂上认真做笔记是很重要的。 1.生词 【draw】 原句：...tests drawn directly from assigned readings... 熟义：v. 绘画；拉，拖；吸引 生义：v. 获取，得到，提取 【assign】 原句：...assigned readings... 熟义：v. 分配，指派 在这里引申为“布置的，指定的”。 【vary】 原句：Class activities will vary from day to day... 熟义：v. 变化，改变 在这里作不及物动词，表示“（情况、事物等）不同，有差异”。 2.词组 【vary from day to day (每天都有所不同)】 vary 意为“变化、不同”，加上 from day to day（日复一日地）构成了一个非常地道的表达，用来描述事物状态的不稳定性或多样性。 高考中常考类似结构，如 vary from person to person（因人而异）、vary from place to place（因地而异）。 【draw... from... (从……中提取/获取……)】 这里的 drawn from 表示“取自于……”。在高考写作中用来表达“汲取经验、获取灵感”。 经典例句：We can draw great inspiration from this book. (我们可以从这本书中汲取巨大的灵感。) 3.句子缩写 去修饰：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 对比： Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Activities will vary, but Students must be ready to complete writings or tests, so it is important to take notes. B It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. 大量完好可食用的食物被丢弃，数量惊人——小到商贩拒收的品相不佳（但完全能吃）的蔬菜，大到餐馆里大量被倒进垃圾桶的剩菜。 1.生词 【jaw-dropping】 原句：It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away 生义：adj. 令人震惊的，惊人的 【perfectly】 原句：perfectly good food 熟义：adv. 完美地 生义：adv. 完好地，十足地 【eatable】 原句：quite eatable vegetables 熟义：adj. 好吃的 生义：adj. 可食用的 【uneaten】 原句：uneaten dishes 熟义：adj. 未吃完的 2.词组 【large amounts of (大量的)】 amount意为“数量”，搭配large修饰不可数名词，高考高频同义结构：a great deal of / plenty of 经典例句：Large amounts of water are wasted every day.（每天有大量水资源被浪费。） 【throw away (扔掉，丢弃)】 这里表示丢弃完好食物，写作可用于环保话题 经典例句：Don’t throw away the vegetables which are still fresh.（不要扔掉还新鲜的蔬菜。） 【from…to… (从……到……)】 用于列举范围，拓展：from time to time（时不时） 经典例句：The waste covers everything from fruits to cooked meals.（废弃物涵盖从水果到熟食的各类食物。） 3.缩写 去从句：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 去非谓语：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 去修饰：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 对比： It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. It’s jaw-dropping （that）food is thrown away. ———— Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. 去年，该机构一方面接收各界食物捐赠，另一方面回收那些品相有瑕疵、原本会烂在田里的农产品，累计回收食物超807500磅。 1.生词 【recover】 原句：it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food 熟义：v. 恢复（健康），康复 生义：v. 回收，收回（物资） 【donation】 原句：taking donations 熟义：n. 捐赠，捐款 引申义：n. 捐赠物资 【blemished】 原句：blemished produce 熟义：adj. 有污点的 生义：adj. （农产品）有瑕疵的，品相不佳的 【rot】 原句：would have rotted in fields 熟义：v. 腐烂，变质 2.词组 【take donations (接收捐赠物资)】 take此处表示“接收、收取”，donation复数表各类捐赠物品 经典例句：The kitchen takes donations from local supermarkets every week.（该救助厨房每周接收本地超市的捐赠物资。） 【collect produce (收集农产品)】 collect强调“回收、收集闲置物资”，produce特指农田果蔬 经典例句：Volunteers go to farms to collect produce every autumn.（志愿者每年秋天去农场回收农产品。） 3.缩写 去从句：____________________________________________________________________________________________去修饰：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 去非谓语：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 对比： Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. It recovered food. ———— “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says. 科廷表示：“每个人都能为减少食物浪费尽一份力，要么每周买菜时按需选购，不超额囤积食材；要么在外就餐时提前告知餐厅，不要上自己不吃的配菜。 1.生词 【purchase】 原句：not purchasing more food 熟义：v. 采购，购买 补充：书面正式词汇，高考写作高分替换普通词buy 【side】 原句：the side dish 熟义：n. 边，侧面 引申义：adj. 配套的，附加的 2.词组 【play a part in (在……中发挥作用)】 part意为角色、作用，环保/社会类作文万能搭配，同义短语：play a role in 经典例句：Every citizen can play a part in cutting food waste.（每位公民都能为减少食物浪费出一份力。） 【reduce waste (减少浪费)】 reduce表示“降低、削减”，waste此处为不可数名词，指代各类浪费现象 经典例句：We can take small daily steps to reduce waste.（我们可以通过日常小事减少浪费。） 【more than necessary (超出所需)】 多用于描述过量采购、过度消耗，阅读理解高频短语 经典例句：Don’t buy more than necessary when shopping for vegetables.（买菜时不要购买超出需求的量。） 【whether…or… (无论是……还是……；要么……要么……)】 引导两种并列方式，语法填空、七选五高频考点 经典例句：You can cut waste whether by buying less or taking leftovers home.（你可以少买食物或者打包剩菜来减少浪费。） 3.缩写 去从句：____________________________________________________________________________________________去修饰：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 去非谓语：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 对比： “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste.” Curtin says. C The project was dreamed up by a local charity to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. 这个项目由当地一家慈善机构构思发起，旨在缓解老人的孤独情绪、提升老年人身心健康。该项目也用于帮助痴呆症患者——痴呆是一种严重的脑部疾病。 1.生词 【wellbeing】 原句：improve elderly people’s wellbeing 熟义：n. 身心健康，幸福感 【suffer】 原句：patients suffering dementia 熟义：v. 遭受（苦难、损失） 生义：v. 患有（疾病） 【dementia】 原句：suffering dementia 熟义：n. 痴呆症 2.词组 【dream up (构思，想出)】 dream本义为做梦，搭配up表示凭空构思出新计划、点子，高考书面表达环保/公益话题高频短语 经典例句：Volunteers dreamed up this warm project for the elderly.（志愿者们为老年人构思出这个暖心项目。） 【reduce loneliness (缓解孤独感)】 reduce意为减轻、缓解，loneliness是抽象名词“孤独感”，情感类阅读核心搭配 经典例句：Small animal companions can reduce loneliness of the old.（小动物陪伴可以缓解老人的孤独。） 3.缩写 去修饰：____________________________________________________________________________________________去非谓语：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 对比： The project was dreamed up by a local charity to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. The project was dreamed up. It is also being used to help patients. ———— There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. 目前东北部20家养老院里共有700位老人照料母鸡，这家慈善机构也获得了资金扶持，计划在全国推广该项目。 1.生词 【countrywide】 原句：roll it out countrywide 熟义：adj./adv. 全国范围的/地 2.词组 【roll out (大范围推广，推行)】 熟义：滚动出来；生义：落地推行活动、政策（高考词义猜测高频考点） 经典例句：The organization plans to roll out this warm project nationwide.（该机构计划在全国推行这项暖心项目。） 3.缩写 去修饰：____________________________________________________________________________________________去非谓语：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 对比： There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. There are 700 people, and the charity has been given support. ———— Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.” 彭福街60号护理院的特级看护主管温迪·威尔逊是首批参与该项目的工作人员之一，她表示：“院里的老人都十分认可这个项目，也很喜欢各类创意活动。” 1.生词 【embark】 原句：one of the first to embark on the project 熟义：v. 上船，登机 生义：v. 着手，参与（新项目、计划） 【session】 原句：creative sessions 熟义：n. 会议，场次 生义：n. 特色活动时段、趣味活动 2.词组 【embark on (参与，着手开展)】 高考词义猜测高频短语，多用于项目、计划，同义替换take part in 经典例句：This care home was one of the first to embark on the hen-raising project.（这家护理院是首批开展养鸡陪伴项目的机构之一。） 3.缩写 去从句：（本句仅有宾语从句，去掉后内容不完整不可删） 去修饰：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 对比： Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.” Wendy Wilson said: “Residents welcome the idea and the sessions.” D A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages. 一项为期五年的开创性研究表明，人类咬合结构与饮食相关的变化催生了新的语音，如今全球半数语言中都存在这类语音。 1.生词 【ground-breaking】 原句：A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that... 熟义：adj. 开创性的，突破性的 【diet-related】 原句：diet-related changes in human bite 熟义：adj. 与饮食相关的 名词-related，复合形容词，表示与名词相关的 【speech sound】 原句：new speech sounds 熟义：n. 语音，发音 2.词组 【lead to】 含义：导致，催生 例句：Poor diet can lead to many health problems.（不良饮食会导致许多健康问题。） 3.缩写 去从句：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 去修饰：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 对比： A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages. A study shows that changes led to sounds. ———— More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. 三十多年前，学者查尔斯·霍基特发现，像f、v这类唇齿音，在饮食偏软烂的族群语言中出现频率更高。 1.生词 【labiodental】 原句：speech sounds called labiodentals 熟义：n. 唇齿音；adj. 唇齿音的 【note】 原句：the scholar Charles Hockett noted that... 熟义：n. 笔记 生义：v. 指出；注意到 2.词组 【more common】 含义：更常见；更普遍 例句：These words are more common in spoken English.（这些词在英语口语中更常见。） 3.缩写 去从句：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 去修饰：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 去非谓语：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 对比： More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. The scholar noted that speech sounds were common. ———— They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. 他们发现远古成年人的上下门牙是对齐的，这让人们很难发出唇齿音；唇齿音需要下嘴唇抵住上牙齿才能形成。 1.生词 【aligned】 原句：the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned 熟义：adj. 对齐的；排成一条直线的 【labiodental】 原句：produce labiodentals 熟义：n. 唇齿音（如f、v这类由下唇和上齿接触发出的音） 2.词组 【make it hard to do】 含义：使做某事变得困难 例句：The complex structure makes it hard to understand the theory.（复杂的结构让理解这个理论变得困难。） 【be formed by】 含义：由……形成/构成 例句：Clouds are formed by tiny water droplets.（云是由微小的水滴构成的。） 3.缩写 去从句：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 去修饰：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 去非谓语：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 对比： They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. They discovered teeth were aligned. ———— “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,“ said Steven Moran, a member of the research team. 研究团队成员史蒂文·莫兰表示：“人类出现以来，我们使用的语音体系并非一直稳定不变；恰恰相反，如今丰富多样的语音，是生物演变、文化发展等多重因素复杂交织作用下的产物。” 我严格完全统一你指定的专属格式，整理D篇第9句（高考精读标准：生词+词组+例句+三层缩句） 1.生词 【stable】 原句：remained stable 熟义：adj. 稳定的，稳固的 【interplay】 原句：a complex interplay of things 熟义：n. 相互作用，相互影响 【evolution】 原句：cultural evolution 熟义：n. 演变，进化 2.词组 【not necessarily】 含义：未必，不一定 经典例句：Success does not necessarily mean wealth.（成功未必意味着财富。） 【the variety of】 含义：……的多样性 经典例句：We admire the variety of human languages.（我们赞叹人类语言的多样性。） 3.缩写 去从句：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 去修饰：____________________________________________________________________________________________ 对比： “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,“ said Steven Moran, a member of the research team. Speech sounds have not remained stable, but variety is the product of interplay. ”said Steven Moran Part 2 长难句扩写 1.The teacher explained the rules. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ （严厉的老师在考前详细解释了复杂的规则。） 加非谓语（加不定式、动名词、分词） ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ （严厉的老师在考前详细解释了复杂的规则，旨在帮助学生们为即将到来的考试做准备。） 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等） ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（严厉的老师在考前详细解释了复杂的规则，旨在帮助学生们为即将到来的考试做准备，这对于那些想要取得高分的学生来说是一个至关重要的步骤。） 2.People use smartphones. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语） ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (现代人广泛地在日常生活中使用智能手机。) 加非谓语（加不定式、动名词、分词） ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (现代人广泛地在日常生活中使用智能手机，使得沟通变得更加容易。) 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等） ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (现代人广泛地在日常生活中使用智能手机，使得沟通变得更加容易，这彻底改变了我们彼此联系的方式。) 3.Students planted trees. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语） ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (志愿者学生们上周末在山坡上仔细地种下了幼树。) 加非谓语（加不定式、动名词、分词） ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (志愿者学生们上周末在山坡上仔细地种下了幼树，希望能恢复当地的生态系统。) 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等） ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (志愿者学生们上周末在山坡上仔细地种下了幼树，希望能恢复当地的生态系统，该系统多年前曾遭到暴雨的严重破坏。) 4. The student read the book. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语） ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (勤奋的学生在图书馆里安静地读那本有趣的书。) 加非谓语（加不定式，动名词，分词） ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (勤奋的学生在图书馆里安静地读那本有趣的书，希望能获取更多关于历史的知识。) 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等） ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (勤奋的学生在图书馆里安静地读那本有趣的书，希望能获取更多关于历史的知识，这是他的期末论文所必需的。) 5. The company launched a new product. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语） ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (这家著名的公司在全球会议上成功地推出了一款创新产品。) 加非谓语（加不定式，动名词，分词） ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (这家著名的公司在全球会议上成功地推出了一款创新产品，旨在吸引年轻消费者。) 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等） ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ (这家著名的公司在全球会议上成功地推出了一款创新产品，旨在吸引年轻消费者，尽管市场竞争极其激烈。) Part 3 长难句仿写 1. 教育主题 老师批改了试卷，旨在帮助学生发现他们的薄弱环节，这对于提高他们的学习成绩至关重要。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2. 科技主题 这家公司推出了一款新型智能手机，使得远程办公变得更加高效，这受到了许多上班族的欢迎。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3. 环保主题 志愿者们在公园里种了数百棵树，希望能改善当地的空气质量，这是保护我们地球的重要一步。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4. 健康主题 医生详细解释了健康饮食的规则，旨在帮助病人控制血压，这对那些想要保持健康的人来说是一个良好的开端。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. 文化主题 博物馆举办了一场中国古代历史展览，吸引了成千上万的游客，这为那些对中国文化感兴趣的人提供了一个绝佳的学习机会。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 长难句练习1-2022新高考I卷 本篇以2022年新高考I卷阅读文章为依据，选取文章中长难句进行拆解分析，并附上扩写和翻译练习。 Part 1 长难句 A Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. 课堂活动每天都会不一样，但学生必须随时准备好完成简短的课堂写作或测试，这些内容直接取自指定的阅读材料或上一堂课讲座/讨论的笔记，因此在课堂上认真做笔记是很重要的。 1.生词 【draw】 原句：...tests drawn directly from assigned readings... 熟义：v. 绘画；拉，拖；吸引 生义：v. 获取，得到，提取 【assign】 原句：...assigned readings... 熟义：v. 分配，指派 在这里引申为“布置的，指定的”。 【vary】 原句：Class activities will vary from day to day... 熟义：v. 变化，改变 在这里作不及物动词，表示“（情况、事物等）不同，有差异”。 2.词组 【vary from day to day (每天都有所不同)】 vary 意为“变化、不同”，加上 from day to day（日复一日地）构成了一个非常地道的表达，用来描述事物状态的不稳定性或多样性。 高考中常考类似结构，如 vary from person to person（因人而异）、vary from place to place（因地而异）。 【draw... from... (从……中提取/获取……)】 这里的 drawn from 表示“取自于……”。在高考写作中用来表达“汲取经验、获取灵感”。 经典例句：We can draw great inspiration from this book. (我们可以从这本书中汲取巨大的灵感。) 3.句子缩写 去修饰：Activities will vary, but Students must be ready to complete writings or tests, so it is important to take notes. 对比： Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Activities will vary, but Students must be ready to complete writings or tests, so it is important to take notes. B It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. 大量完好可食用的食物被丢弃，数量惊人——小到商贩拒收的品相不佳（但完全能吃）的蔬菜，大到餐馆里大量被倒进垃圾桶的剩菜。 1.生词 【jaw-dropping】 原句：It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away 生义：adj. 令人震惊的，惊人的 【perfectly】 原句：perfectly good food 熟义：adv. 完美地 生义：adv. 完好地，十足地 【eatable】 原句：quite eatable vegetables 熟义：adj. 好吃的 生义：adj. 可食用的 【uneaten】 原句：uneaten dishes 熟义：adj. 未吃完的 2.词组 【large amounts of (大量的)】 amount意为“数量”，搭配large修饰不可数名词，高考高频同义结构：a great deal of / plenty of 经典例句：Large amounts of water are wasted every day.（每天有大量水资源被浪费。） 【throw away (扔掉，丢弃)】 这里表示丢弃完好食物，写作可用于环保话题 经典例句：Don’t throw away the vegetables which are still fresh.（不要扔掉还新鲜的蔬菜。） 【from…to… (从……到……)】 用于列举范围，拓展：from time to time（时不时） 经典例句：The waste covers everything from fruits to cooked meals.（废弃物涵盖从水果到熟食的各类食物。） 3.缩写 去从句：It’s jaw-dropping good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. 去非谓语：It’s jaw-dropping good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables to large amounts of uneaten dishes. 去修饰：It’s jaw-dropping food is thrown away. 对比： It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. It’s jaw-dropping （that）food is thrown away. ———— Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. 去年，该机构一方面接收各界食物捐赠，另一方面回收那些品相有瑕疵、原本会烂在田里的农产品，累计回收食物超807500磅。 1.生词 【recover】 原句：it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food 熟义：v. 恢复（健康），康复 生义：v. 回收，收回（物资） 【donation】 原句：taking donations 熟义：n. 捐赠，捐款 引申义：n. 捐赠物资 【blemished】 原句：blemished produce 熟义：adj. 有污点的 生义：adj. （农产品）有瑕疵的，品相不佳的 【rot】 原句：would have rotted in fields 熟义：v. 腐烂，变质 2.词组 【take donations (接收捐赠物资)】 take此处表示“接收、收取”，donation复数表各类捐赠物品 经典例句：The kitchen takes donations from local supermarkets every week.（该救助厨房每周接收本地超市的捐赠物资。） 【collect produce (收集农产品)】 collect强调“回收、收集闲置物资”，produce特指农田果蔬 经典例句：Volunteers go to farms to collect produce every autumn.（志愿者每年秋天去农场回收农产品。） 3.缩写 去从句：Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished produce. 去修饰：It recovered food by taking donations and collecting blemished produce. 去非谓语：It recovered food. 对比： Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. It recovered food. ———— “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says. 科廷表示：“每个人都能为减少食物浪费尽一份力，要么每周买菜时按需选购，不超额囤积食材；要么在外就餐时提前告知餐厅，不要上自己不吃的配菜。 1.生词 【purchase】 原句：not purchasing more food 熟义：v. 采购，购买 补充：书面正式词汇，高考写作高分替换普通词buy 【side】 原句：the side dish 熟义：n. 边，侧面 引申义：adj. 配套的，附加的 2.词组 【play a part in (在……中发挥作用)】 part意为角色、作用，环保/社会类作文万能搭配，同义短语：play a role in 经典例句：Every citizen can play a part in cutting food waste.（每位公民都能为减少食物浪费出一份力。） 【reduce waste (减少浪费)】 reduce表示“降低、削减”，waste此处为不可数名词，指代各类浪费现象 经典例句：We can take small daily steps to reduce waste.（我们可以通过日常小事减少浪费。） 【more than necessary (超出所需)】 多用于描述过量采购、过度消耗，阅读理解高频短语 经典例句：Don’t buy more than necessary when shopping for vegetables.（买菜时不要购买超出需求的量。） 【whether…or… (无论是……还是……；要么……要么……)】 引导两种并列方式，语法填空、七选五高频考点 经典例句：You can cut waste whether by buying less or taking leftovers home.（你可以少买食物或者打包剩菜来减少浪费。） 3.缩写 去从句：“Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish” Curtin says. 去修饰：“Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish” Curtin says. 去非谓语：“Everyone can play a part in reducing waste.” Curtin says. 对比： “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste.” Curtin says. C The project was dreamed up by a local charity to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. 这个项目由当地一家慈善机构构思发起，旨在缓解老人的孤独情绪、提升老年人身心健康。该项目也用于帮助痴呆症患者——痴呆是一种严重的脑部疾病。 1.生词 【wellbeing】 原句：improve elderly people’s wellbeing 熟义：n. 身心健康，幸福感 【suffer】 原句：patients suffering dementia 熟义：v. 遭受（苦难、损失） 生义：v. 患有（疾病） 【dementia】 原句：suffering dementia 熟义：n. 痴呆症 2.词组 【dream up (构思，想出)】 dream本义为做梦，搭配up表示凭空构思出新计划、点子，高考书面表达环保/公益话题高频短语 经典例句：Volunteers dreamed up this warm project for the elderly.（志愿者们为老年人构思出这个暖心项目。） 【reduce loneliness (缓解孤独感)】 reduce意为减轻、缓解，loneliness是抽象名词“孤独感”，情感类阅读核心搭配 经典例句：Small animal companions can reduce loneliness of the old.（小动物陪伴可以缓解老人的孤独。） 3.缩写 去修饰：The project was dreamed up to reduce loneliness and improve people’s wellbeing. It is being used to help patients suffering dementia. 去非谓语：The project was dreamed up. It is also being used to help patients. 对比： The project was dreamed up by a local charity to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia, a serious illness of the mind. The project was dreamed up. It is also being used to help patients. ———— There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. 目前东北部20家养老院里共有700位老人照料母鸡，这家慈善机构也获得了资金扶持，计划在全国推广该项目。 1.生词 【countrywide】 原句：roll it out countrywide 熟义：adj./adv. 全国范围的/地 2.词组 【roll out (大范围推广，推行)】 熟义：滚动出来；生义：落地推行活动、政策（高考词义猜测高频考点） 经典例句：The organization plans to roll out this warm project nationwide.（该机构计划在全国推行这项暖心项目。） 3.缩写 去修饰：There are 700 people looking after hens, and the charity has been given support to roll it out. 去非谓语：There are 700 people, and the charity has been given support. 对比： There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. There are 700 people, and the charity has been given support. ———— Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.” 彭福街60号护理院的特级看护主管温迪·威尔逊是首批参与该项目的工作人员之一，她表示：“院里的老人都十分认可这个项目，也很喜欢各类创意活动。” 1.生词 【embark】 原句：one of the first to embark on the project 熟义：v. 上船，登机 生义：v. 着手，参与（新项目、计划） 【session】 原句：creative sessions 熟义：n. 会议，场次 生义：n. 特色活动时段、趣味活动 2.词组 【embark on (参与，着手开展)】 高考词义猜测高频短语，多用于项目、计划，同义替换take part in 经典例句：This care home was one of the first to embark on the hen-raising project.（这家护理院是首批开展养鸡陪伴项目的机构之一。） 3.缩写 去从句：（本句仅有宾语从句，去掉后内容不完整不可删） 去修饰：Wendy Wilson said: “Residents welcome the idea and the sessions.” 对比： Wendy Wilson, extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions.” Wendy Wilson said: “Residents welcome the idea and the sessions.” D A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages. 一项为期五年的开创性研究表明，人类咬合结构与饮食相关的变化催生了新的语音，如今全球半数语言中都存在这类语音。 1.生词 【ground-breaking】 原句：A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that... 熟义：adj. 开创性的，突破性的 【diet-related】 原句：diet-related changes in human bite 熟义：adj. 与饮食相关的 名词-related，复合形容词，表示与名词相关的 【speech sound】 原句：new speech sounds 熟义：n. 语音，发音 2.词组 【lead to】 含义：导致，催生 例句：Poor diet can lead to many health problems.（不良饮食会导致许多健康问题。） 3.缩写 去从句：A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds. 去修饰：A study shows that changes led to new speech sounds. 对比： A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world’s languages. A study shows that changes led to sounds. ———— More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. 三十多年前，学者查尔斯·霍基特发现，像f、v这类唇齿音，在饮食偏软烂的族群语言中出现频率更高。 1.生词 【labiodental】 原句：speech sounds called labiodentals 熟义：n. 唇齿音；adj. 唇齿音的 【note】 原句：the scholar Charles Hockett noted that... 熟义：n. 笔记 生义：v. 指出；注意到 2.词组 【more common】 含义：更常见；更普遍 例句：These words are more common in spoken English.（这些词在英语口语中更常见。） 3.缩写 去从句：More than 30 years ago, the scholar noted that speech sounds such as “f” and “v”were more common in the languages of societies. 去修饰：The scholar noted that speech sounds were more common. 去非谓语：The scholar noted that speech sounds were common. 对比： More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. The scholar noted that speech sounds were common. ———— They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. 他们发现远古成年人的上下门牙是对齐的，这让人们很难发出唇齿音；唇齿音需要下嘴唇抵住上牙齿才能形成。 1.生词 【aligned】 原句：the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned 熟义：adj. 对齐的；排成一条直线的 【labiodental】 原句：produce labiodentals 熟义：n. 唇齿音（如f、v这类由下唇和上齿接触发出的音） 2.词组 【make it hard to do】 含义：使做某事变得困难 例句：The complex structure makes it hard to understand the theory.（复杂的结构让理解这个理论变得困难。） 【be formed by】 含义：由……形成/构成 例句：Clouds are formed by tiny water droplets.（云是由微小的水滴构成的。） 3.缩写 去从句：They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned, making it hard to produce labiodentals. 去修饰：They discovered that teeth were aligned, making it hard to produce labiodentals. 去非谓语：They discovered teeth were aligned. 对比： They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. They discovered teeth were aligned. ———— “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,“ said Steven Moran, a member of the research team. 研究团队成员史蒂文·莫兰表示：“人类出现以来，我们使用的语音体系并非一直稳定不变；恰恰相反，如今丰富多样的语音，是生物演变、文化发展等多重因素复杂交织作用下的产物。” 我严格完全统一你指定的专属格式，整理D篇第9句（高考精读标准：生词+词组+例句+三层缩句） 1.生词 【stable】 原句：remained stable 熟义：adj. 稳定的，稳固的 【interplay】 原句：a complex interplay of things 熟义：n. 相互作用，相互影响 【evolution】 原句：cultural evolution 熟义：n. 演变，进化 2.词组 【not necessarily】 含义：未必，不一定 经典例句：Success does not necessarily mean wealth.（成功未必意味着财富。） 【the variety of】 含义：……的多样性 经典例句：We admire the variety of human languages.（我们赞叹人类语言的多样性。） 3.缩写 去从句：The set of speech sounds has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds is the product of a complex interplay. of things like biological change and cultural evolution,“ said Steven Moran, a member of the research team. 去修饰：“Speech sounds have not remained stable, but variety is the product of interplay. ”said Steven Moran 对比： “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,“ said Steven Moran, a member of the research team. Speech sounds have not remained stable, but variety is the product of interplay. ”said Steven Moran Part 2 长难句扩写 1.The teacher explained the rules. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语） The strict teacher explained the complex rules in detail before the exam. （严厉的老师在考前详细解释了复杂的规则。） 加非谓语（加不定式、动名词、分词） The strict teacher explained the complex rules in detail before the exam, aiming to help students prepare for the upcoming test. （严厉的老师在考前详细解释了复杂的规则，旨在帮助学生们为即将到来的考试做准备。） 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等） The strict teacher explained the complex rules in detail before the exam, aiming to help students prepare for the upcoming test, which was a crucial step for those who wanted to get high scores. （严厉的老师在考前详细解释了复杂的规则，旨在帮助学生们为即将到来的考试做准备，这对于那些想要取得高分的学生来说是一个至关重要的步骤。） 2.People use smartphones. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语） Modern people use smartphones widely in their daily lives. (现代人广泛地在日常生活中使用智能手机。) 加非谓语（加不定式、动名词、分词） Modern people use smartphones widely in their daily lives, making communication much easier. (现代人广泛地在日常生活中使用智能手机，使得沟通变得更加容易。) 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等） Modern people use smartphones widely in their daily lives, making communication much easier, which has completely changed the way we connect with each other. (现代人广泛地在日常生活中使用智能手机，使得沟通变得更加容易，这彻底改变了我们彼此联系的方式。) 3.Students planted trees. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语） Volunteer students planted young trees carefully on the hillside last weekend. (志愿者学生们上周末在山坡上仔细地种下了幼树。) 加非谓语（加不定式、动名词、分词） Volunteer students planted young trees carefully on the hillside last weekend, hoping to restore the local ecosystem. (志愿者学生们上周末在山坡上仔细地种下了幼树，希望能恢复当地的生态系统。) 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等） Volunteer students planted young trees carefully on the hillside last weekend, hoping to restore the local ecosystem, which was severely damaged by the heavy rain years ago. (志愿者学生们上周末在山坡上仔细地种下了幼树，希望能恢复当地的生态系统，该系统多年前曾遭到暴雨的严重破坏。) 4. The student read the book. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语） The diligent student read the interesting book quietly in the library. (勤奋的学生在图书馆里安静地读那本有趣的书。) 加非谓语（加不定式，动名词，分词） The diligent student read the interesting book quietly in the library, hoping to gain more knowledge about history. (勤奋的学生在图书馆里安静地读那本有趣的书，希望能获取更多关于历史的知识。) 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等） The diligent student read the interesting book quietly in the library, hoping to gain more knowledge about history, which was required for his final essay. (勤奋的学生在图书馆里安静地读那本有趣的书，希望能获取更多关于历史的知识，这是他的期末论文所必需的。) 5. The company launched a new product. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语） The famous company launched an innovative product successfully at the global conference. (这家著名的公司在全球会议上成功地推出了一款创新产品。) 加非谓语（加不定式，动名词，分词） The famous company launched an innovative product successfully at the global conference, aiming to attract younger consumers. (这家著名的公司在全球会议上成功地推出了一款创新产品，旨在吸引年轻消费者。) 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等） The famous company launched an innovative product successfully at the global conference, aiming to attract younger consumers, although the market competition was extremely fierce. (这家著名的公司在全球会议上成功地推出了一款创新产品，旨在吸引年轻消费者，尽管市场竞争极其激烈。) Part 3 长难句仿写 1. 教育主题 老师批改了试卷，旨在帮助学生发现他们的薄弱环节，这对于提高他们的学习成绩至关重要。 The teacher corrected the papers, aiming to help students find their weak points, which was crucial for improving their academic performance. 2. 科技主题 这家公司推出了一款新型智能手机，使得远程办公变得更加高效，这受到了许多上班族的欢迎。 The company launched a new type of smartphone, making remote work much more efficient, which was warmly welcomed by many office workers. 3. 环保主题 志愿者们在公园里种了数百棵树，希望能改善当地的空气质量，这是保护我们地球的重要一步。 Volunteers planted hundreds of trees in the park, hoping to improve the local air quality, which is an important step to protect our earth. 4. 健康主题 医生详细解释了健康饮食的规则，旨在帮助病人控制血压，这对那些想要保持健康的人来说是一个良好的开端。 The doctor explained the rules of healthy eating in detail, aiming to help patients control their blood pressure, which is a good start for those who want to stay healthy. 5. 文化主题 博物馆举办了一场中国古代历史展览，吸引了成千上万的游客，这为那些对中国文化感兴趣的人提供了一个绝佳的学习机会。 The museum held an exhibition on ancient Chinese history, attracting thousands of visitors, which provided a great learning opportunity for those interested in Chinese culture. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $长难句练习1-2022新高考I卷 本篇以2022年新高考I卷阅读文章为依据，选取文章中长难句进行拆解分析，并附上扩 写和翻译练习。 Part1长难句 A Class activities will vary from day to day,but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion,so it is important to take careful notes during class. 课堂活动每天都会不一样，但学生必须随时准备好完成简短的课堂写作或测试，这些内容直接取自指定的 阅读材料或上一堂课讲座/讨论的笔记，因此在课堂上认真做笔记是很重要的。 1.生词 【draw 原▣：.tests drawn directly from assigned readings. 熟义：V.绘画；拉，拖；吸引 生义：V.获取，得到，提取 【assign】 原句：assigned readings. 熟义：V.分配，指派 在这里引申为“布置的，指定的”。 【vary】 原句：Class activities will vary from day to day.. 熟义：V.变化，改变 在这里作不及物动词，表示”（情况、事物等)不同，有差异”。 2.词组 【vary from day to day(每天都有所不同)】 vary意为"变化、不同”，加上from day to day(日复一日地)构成了一个非常地道的表达，用来描述 事物状态的不稳定性或多样性。 高考中常考类似结构，如vary from person to person(因人而异)vary from place to place(因地而 异为 【draw..from..(从.中提取/获取..)】 这里的drawn from表示"取自于…”。在高考写作中用来表达”汲取经验、获取灵感”。 经典例句：We can draw great inspiration from this book.(我们可以从这本书中汲取巨大的灵感。) 3.句子缩写 去修饰： 对比： Class activities will vary from day to day,but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion,so it is important to take careful notes during class. Activities will vary,but Students must be ready to complete writings or tests,so it is important to take notes. B It's jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away-from "ugly"(but quite eatable)vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. 大量完好可食用的食物被丢弃，数量惊人一小到商贩拒收的品相不佳（但完全能吃)的蔬菜，大到餐 馆里大量被倒进垃圾桶的剩菜。 1.生词 【jaw-dropping】 原句：It'sjaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away 生义：adj.令人震惊的，惊人的 【perfectly】 原句：perfectly good food 熟义：adw.完美地 生义：adv.完好地，十足地 【eatable】 原句：quite eatable vegetables 熟义：adj.好吃的 生义：adj.可食用的 【uneaten】 原句：uneaten dishes 熟义：adj.未吃完的 2.词组 【large amounts of(大量的】 amount意为"数量”，搭配large修饰不可数名词，高考高频同义结构：a great deal of/plenty of 经典例句：Large amounts of water are wasted every day..(每天有大量水资源被浪费。) 【throw away扔掉，丢弃)】 这里表示丢弃完好食物，写作可用于环保话题 经典例句：Don't throw away the vegetables which are still fresh.(不要扔掉还新鲜的蔬菜。) 【from.to.(从.到…)】 用于列举范围，拓展：from time to time（时不时) 经典例句：The waste covers everything from fruits to cooked meals..(废弃物涵盖从水果到熟食的 各类食物。) 3.缩写 去从句： 去非谓语： 去修饰： 对比： It's jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away-from "ugly"(but quite eatable)vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. It's jaw-dropping (that )food is thrown away. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. 去年，该机构一方面接收各界食物捐赠，另一方面回收那些品相有瑕疵、原本会烂在田里的农产品，累计 回收食物超807500磅。 1.生词 【recover】 原句：it recovered more than807,500 pounds of food 熟义：V.恢复（健康），康复 生义：V.回收，收回（物资） 【donation】 原句：taking donations 熟义：n.捐赠，捐款 引申义：n.捐赠物资 【blemished】 原句：blemished produce 熟义：ad.有污点的 生义：ad.（农产品)有瑕疵的，品相不佳的 【rot】 原句：would have rotted in fields 熟义：v.腐烂，变质 2.词组 【take donations(接收捐赠物资)】 take此处表示"接收、收取”，donation复数表各类捐赠物品 经典例句：The kitchen takes donations from local supermarkets every week.(该救助厨房每周接收 本地超市的捐赠物资。) 【collect produce(收集农产品)】 collect强调"回收、收集闲置物资”，produce特指农田果蔬 经典例句：Volunteers go to farms to collect produce every autumn.(志愿者每年秋天去农场回收农 产品。) 3.缩写 去从句： 去修饰： 去非调语： 对比： Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. It recovered food. "Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat,"Curtin says 科廷表示：”每个人都能为减少食物浪费尽一份力，要么每周买菜时按需选购，不超额囤积食材；要么在 外就餐时提前告知餐厅，不要上自己不吃的配菜。 1.生词 【purchase】 原句：not purchasing more food 熟义：V采购，购买 补充：书面正式词汇，高考写作高分替换普通词buy 【side】 原句：the side dish 熟义：n.边，侧面 引申义：ad.配套的，附加的 2.词组 【play a part in(在..中发挥作用)】 part意为角色、作用，环保/社会类作文万能搭配，同义短语：play a role in 经典例狗：Every citizen can play a part in cutting food waste..(每位公民都能为减少食物浪费出一份 力。) 【reduce waste(减少浪)】 reduce表示"降低、削减”，waste此处为不可数名词，指代各类浪费现象 经典例句：We can take small daily steps to reduce waste.(我们可以通过日常小事减少浪费。) 【more than necessary(超出所需)】 多用于描述过量采购、过度消耗，阅读理解高频短语 经典例句：Don't buy more than necessary when shopping for vegetables..(买菜时不要购买超出 需求的量。) 【whether..or.(无论是.…还是..；要么..要么)】 引导两种并列方式，语法填空、七选五高频考点 经典例句：You can cut waste whether by buying less or taking leftovers home.(你可以少买食物或 者打包剩菜来减少浪费。) 3.缩写 去从句： 去 修饰：」 去非谓语： 对比： "Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat,"Curtin says. 'Everyone can play a part in reducing waste."Curtin says. C The project was dreamed up by a local charity to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing.It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia,a serious illness of the mind. 这个项目由当地一家慈善机构构思发起，旨在缓解老人的孤独情绪、提升老年人身心健康。该项目也用于 帮助痴呆症患者一痴呆是一种严重的脑部疾病。 1.生词 【wellbeing】 原句：improve elderly people's wellbeing 熟义：n.身心健康，幸福感 【suffer】 原句：patients suffering dementia 熟义：V.遭受（苦难、损失） 生义：V.患有（疾病） 【dementia】 原句：suffering dementia 熟义：n痴呆症 2.词组 【dream up(构思，想出)】 dream本义为做梦，搭配up表示凭空构思出新计划、点子，高考书面表达环保/公益话题高频短语 经典例句：Volunteers dreamed up this warm project for the elderly.(志愿者们为老年人构思出这个 暖心项目。) 【reduce loneliness(缓解孤独感)】 reduce意为减轻、缓解，loneliness是抽象名词"孤独感”，情感类阅读核心搭配 经典例句：Small animal companions can reduce loneliness of the old.(小动物陪伴可以缓解老人的 孤独。) 3.缩写 去修饰： 去 非谓语 对比： The project was dreamed up by a local charity to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing.It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia,a serious illness of the mind. The project was dreamed up.It is also being used to help patients. There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East,and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. 目前东北部20家养老院里共有700位老人照料母鸡，这家慈善机构也获得了资金扶持，计划在全国推广 该项目。 1.生词 【countrywide】 原句：roll it out countrywide 熟义：adj./adv.全国范围的/地 2.词组 【roll out(大范围推广，推行)】 熟义：滚动出来；生义：落地推行活动、政策（高考词义猜测高频考点）》 经典例句：The organization plans to roll out this warm project nationwide.(该机构计划在全国推行 这项暖心项目。) 3.缩写 去修饰： 非谓语： 对比： There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East,and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide. There are 700 people,and the charity has been given support. Wendy Wilson,extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street,one of the first to embark on the project,said:"Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions." 彭福街60号护理院的特级看护主管温迪·威尔逊是首批参与该项目的工作人员之一，她表示：“院里的老 人都十分认可这个项目，也很喜欢各类创意活动。” 1.生词 【embark】 原句：one of the first to embark on the project 熟义：V.上船，登机 生义：v.着手，参与（新项目、计划） 【session】 原句：creative sessions 熟义：n.会议，场次 生义：n.特色活动时段、趣味活动 2.词组 【embark on(参与，着手开展)】 高考词义猜测高频短语，多用于项目、计划，同义替换take part in 经典例句：This care home was one of the first to embark on the hen-raising project.(这家护理院 是首批开展养鸡陪伴项目的机构之一。) 3.缩写 去从句：（本句仅有宾语从句，去掉后内容不完整不可删） 去修饰： 对比： Wendy Wilson,extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street,one of the first to embark on the project,said:"Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions." Wendy Wilson said:"Residents welcome the idea and the sessions." D A ground-breaking,five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages. 项为期五年的开创性研究表明，人类咬合结构与饮食相关的变化催生了新的语音，如今全球半数语言中 都存在这类语音。 1.生词 【ground-breaking】 原句：A ground-breaking,five-year study shows that.. 熟义：ad.开创性的，突破性的 【diet-related】 原句：diet-related changes in human bite 熟义：ad.与饮食相关的 名词-related,复合形容词，表示与名词相关的 【speech sound】 原句：new speech sounds 熟义：n.语音，发音 2.词组 【lead to】 含义：导致，催生 例句：Poor diet can lead to many health problems.(不良饮食会导致许多健康问题。) 3.缩写 去从句： 去修饰 对比： A ground-breaking,five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages. A study shows that changes led to sounds. More than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as "f"and "v",were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. 三十多年前，学者查尔斯霍基特发现，像f、V这类唇齿音，在饮食偏软烂的族群语言中出现频率更高。 1.生词 【labiodental】 原句：speech sounds called labiodentals 熟义：n.唇齿音；adj.唇齿音的 【note】 原句：the scholar Charles Hockett noted that. 熟义：n.笔记 生义：V.指出；注意到 2.词组 【more common】 含义：更常见；更普遍 例句：These words are more common in spoken English.(这些词在英语口语中更常见。) 3.缩写 去从句： 去修饰： 去非谓语： 对北比： More than 30 years ago,the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as "f"and "v",were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. The scholar noted that speech sounds were common. They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned( )making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. 他们发现远古成年人的上下门牙是对齐的，这让人们很难发出唇齿音；唇齿音需要下嘴唇抵住上牙齿才能 形成。 1.生词 【aligned】 the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned 熟义：adj.对齐的；排成一条直线的 【labiodental】 原句：produce labiodentals 熟义：n.唇齿音（如fv这类由下唇和上齿接触发出的音） 2词组 【make it hard to do】 含义：使做某事变得困难 例句：The complex structure makes it hard to understand the theory.(复杂的结构让理解这个理论 变得困难。) 【be formed by】 含义：由形成/构成 例佝：Clouds are formed by tiny water droplets.（云是由微小的水滴构成的。) 3缩写 去从句： 去修饰： 去非谓语： 对比： They discovered that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned( )making it hard to produce labiodentals,which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. They discovered teeth were aligned. "The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,"said Steven Moran, a member of the research team. 研究团队成员史蒂文莫兰表示：“人类出现以来，我们使用的语音体系并非一直稳定不变；恰恰相反，如 今丰富多样的语音，是生物演变、文化发展等多重因素复杂交织作用下的产物。” 我严格完全统一你指定的专属格式，整理D篇第9句（高考精读标准：生词+词组+例佝+三层缩句） 1.生词 【stable】 原句：remained stable 熟义：ad.稳定的，稳固的 【interplay】 原句：a complex interplay of things 熟义：n.相互作用，相互影响 【evolution】 原句：cultural evolution 熟义：n.演变，进化 2.词组 【not necessarily】 含义：未必，不一定 经典例句：Success does not necessarily mean wealth.(成功未必意味着财富。) 【the variety of】 含义：的多样性 经典例句：We admire the variety of human languages.(我们赞叹人类语言的多样性。) 3缩写 去从句： 去修饰： 对比： "The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings,but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,"said Steven Moran, a member of the research team. Speech sounds have not remained stable,but variety is the product of interplay."said Steven Moran Part2长难句扩写 1.The teacher explained the rules. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语）》 (严厉的老师在考前详细解释了复杂的规则。) 加非谓语（加不定式、动名词、分词） (严厉的老师在考前详细解释了复杂的规则， 旨在帮助学生们为即将到来的考试做准备。) 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等） (严厉的老师在考前详细解释了复杂的规则，旨在帮助学生们为即将到来的考试做准备，这对于那些想要 取得高分的学生来说是一个至关重要的步骤。) 2.People use smartphones. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语） (现代人广泛地在日常生活中使用智能手机。) 加非谓语（加不定式、动名词、分词） (现代人广泛地在日常生活中使用智能手机，使得沟通变得更加容易。) 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等） 现代人广泛地在日常生活中使用智能手机，使得沟通变得更加容易，这彻底改变了我们彼此联系的方式。) 3.Students planted trees. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语） (志愿者学生们上周未在山坡上仔细地种下了幼树。) 加非谓语（加不定式、动名词、分词） (志愿者学生们上周末在山坡上仔细地种下了幼树，希望能恢复当地的生态系统。) 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等） (志愿者学生们上周未在山坡上仔细地种下了幼树，希望能恢复当地的生态系统，该系统多年前曾遭到暴雨 的严重破坏。) 4.The student read the book. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语）】 勤奋的学生在图书馆里安静地读那本有趣的书。) 加非谓语（加不定式，动名词，分词） 勤奋的学生在图书馆里安静地读那本有趣的书，希望能获取更多关于历史的知识。) 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等） (勤奋的学生在图书馆里安静地读那本有趣的书，希望能获取更多关于历史的知识，这是他的期末论文所必 需的。) 5.The company launched a new product. 加修饰（形容词，副词，介词短语） (这家著名的公司在全球会议上成功地推出了一款创新产品。)】 加非谓语（加不定式，动名词，分词） (这家著名的公司在全球会议上成功地推出了一款创新产品，旨在吸引年轻消费者。) 加从句（加定语从句、状语从句等）】 (这家著名的公司在全球会议上成功地推出了一款创新产品，旨在吸引年轻消费者，尽管市场竞净极其激烈。) Part3长难句仿写 1.教育主题 老师批改了试卷，旨在帮助学生发现他们的薄弱环节，这对于提高他们的学习成绩至关重要。 2.科技主题 这家公司推出了一款新型智能手机，使得远程办公变得更加高效，这受到了许多上班族的欢迎。 3.环保主题 志愿者们在公园里种了数百棵树，希望能改善当地的空气质量，这是保护我们地球的重要一步。 4.健康主题 医生详细解释了健康饮食的规则，旨在帮助病人控制血压，这对那些想要保持健康的人来说是一个良好的 开端。 5.文化主题 博物馆举办了一场中国古代历史展览，吸引了成干上万的游客，这为那些对中国文化感兴趣的人提供了一 个绝佳的学习机会。