Unit2 Exploring English（单元自测卷·山东专用）英语外研版必修第一册

**基本信息** 2026-2027学年高一英语必修第一册Unit 2培优卷（山东专用），以120分钟/150分的题量，覆盖单元核心语言知识与技能，融合语言能力培养与文化意识渗透，适配高一单元复习巩固与能力提升需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力|20题/30分|日常对话、文化交流（如语言学习、国际竞赛）|情境贴近生活，考查信息抓取与推理能力，体现跨文化沟通意识| |阅读|20题/50分|语言学习方法、词汇辨析（historic/historical）、科学研究（婴儿语言认知）|文本主题兼具教育性与科学性，设题梯度从细节理解到推理判断，提升思维品质| |语言运用|25题/30分|完形填空（文化传承）、语法填空（汉语学习热潮）|完形融入中国文化元素，语法填空结合社会热点，强化语言知识综合运用| |写作|2题/40分|学习方法分享、故事续写（诚信主题）|写作任务贴近学生经验，续写题注重价值引领，培养表达能力与责任意识|

2026-2027学年高一英语必修第一册单元测试（山东专用） Unit 2·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 测试范围：必修第一册。 4. 难度系数：0.65。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 英语听力部分：该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 请看听力部分第一节，第一节，听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1．Where will the woman probably go for her holiday? A．The seaside. B．The countryside. C．The capital city. 2．Which communication skill does the man probably need to work on? A．Body language. B．Active listening. C．Public speaking. 3．What does the woman suggest the man do? A Learn to play music.        B．Teach English with songs.        C． Give George music lessons. 4．What does the woman mean? A．The dog will sleep well. B．The dog is still sick. C．The dog won’t bark. 5．What does the woman think of the English corner last night? A．Interesting. B．Annoying. C．Relaxing. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 第一节到此结束，第二节，听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6．What appeals to the man most about the competition? A．Making some new friends. B．Enjoying the cultural performance. C．Exchanging experiences in learning Chinese. 7．When will the speakers arrive in Sri Lanka? A．On May 31st. B．On June 1st. C．On June 2nd. 听第7段录音，回答第8-10题。 8．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A language class. B．A song. C．A book. 9．What happened to the woman in the story? A．She married someone else. B．Her husband came back. C．She stayed alone. 10．Who probably could speak Farsi? A．The woman’s mother. B．The woman. C．The man. 听第8段录音，回答第11-13题。 11．Why does the woman study Russian? A．She’s interested in it. B．She wants to make more friends. C．She’s going abroad. 12．What does the woman find difficult in learning Russian? A．Pronunciation. B．Vocabulary. C．Grammar. 13．What does the man advise the woman to do? A．Read Russian aloud. B．Do grammar practice and reflect. C．Memorize the words. 听第9段录音，回答第14-17题。 14．What does Mr. Hunt find difficult in learning French? A．Understanding native speakers. B．Remembering new words. C．Learning grammar rules. 15．How does Mr. Hunt learn French? A．By reading books. B．By listening to tapes. C．By attending classes. 16．What does Mr. Hunt think of his method? A．Boring. B．Useless. C．Interesting. 17．What does the woman suggest Mr. Hunt do? A．Use the language. B．Practice reading aloud. C．Go abroad for further study. 听第10段录音，回答第18-20题。 18．What do most people think is very important in spoken communication? A．Pronunciation. B．Vocabulary. C．Grammar. 19．Why should you listen to experts according to the speaker? A．To develop your reading fluency. B．To improve your note-taking skills. C．To find out your mispronunciation. 20．What is the speaker’s last suggestion? A．Spell out the difficult words. B．Check the words in a dictionary. C．Practice reading the words aloud. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When choosing the right language programme, consider your goals. If you are learning for fun, find out which language interests you the most. If you’re learning a new language for a job, research the opportunities that will prepare you for your field of interest. Here are several ways to start learning a new language today. Courses Taking a language course is a great first step in exploring a new language in which you’re interested. Most courses take a few weeks and are free of cost. Certifications (证书) Getting a certification in a new language may help you show your skills to future employers or clients. Programme length varies but can last a few weeks to a few months. Executive (高管) education programmes When you have little spare time, executive education programmes offer you the opportunity to learn a new language while also meeting your schedule. These programmes are best for managers or hopefuls willing to upskill in their field. Degrees Bachelor’s (学士的) and master’s (硕士的) degrees in language studies provide the final understanding and path to fluency in a language in which you’re interested. Bachelor’s programmes typically take four years of full-time study to complete, while a master’s usually takes two years. A doctorate can take 4-7 years to complete. 21．Which of the following is the best for managers with little spare time? A．Taking a language course. B．Getting a certification. C．Executive education programme. D．Bachelor’s programme. 22．How long will it take to get a master’s degree in language studies? A．One year. B．Two years. C．Four years. D．Seven years. 23．In which part of a magazine can we find the text? A．Nature. B．Science. C．Technology. D．Education. B “¿Est á is listos?” That was our Spanish teacher’s opening question on the first day of night school. We met it with blank, puzzled faces until he translated: “Are you ready?” Relieved, we all smiled and nodded a yes. “Sí, estamos listos,” we replied, ready to begin. After being asked to make a self-introduction, the guy sitting next to me said, “Estoy enamorado” (I am in love). Everyone burst into laughter and we all relaxed a bit. Someone else said “Estoy cansada” (I am tired) and so on. Well, I was frightened. I kept hoping the teacher wouldn’t ask me anything because I had no vocabulary and grammar. So, I decided that beginner Spanish was right level for me. I worked hard to take in vocabulary and grammar. Three years later, I registered in Intermediate Spanish Conversation class. The memory work of grammar training was replaced by spontaneous (自发的) dialogue. As homework for the second conversation class, a short presentation about a book and answering questions were required. No problem, I’ve given many presentations. But during the question-and-answer part, I faltered. Words escaped me, verb tenses mixed up, and French phrases slipped out. I felt exposed and anxious, reduced to simple sentences. Then, I made a conscious decision to stop struggling for perfection and simply asked for help. Immediately, my classmates offered the words I needed, and the teacher skillfully guided me. I took a deep breath and realized no one was judging me; Everyone was supportive. I had initially viewed language learning as a purely intellectual pursuit. Now, I see it as a form of creation — it demands courage and creativity. True communication is not about perfect performance, but about sincere human connection. Am I ready to continue this journey? “Sí, estoy lista.” 24．What did the author do to learn beginner Spanish? A．He asked his classmates for help. B．He worked hard to learn words and grammar. C．He practiced speaking Spanish with his teacher. D．He read Spanish books to improve his reading skills. 25．How did the author feel when receiving the homework? A．Excited. B．Confused. C．Anxious. D．Confident. 26．What does the underlined word “faltered” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Shouted. B．Improved. C．Hesitated. D．Continued 27．What did the author finally realize? A．Learning a language is easy. B．Creation is the best way to learn. C．Making friends is the key to success. D．Connection is more important than perfection. C When a famous political figure gives a noted speech in your town square, is it a historic event or a historical event — or perhaps both? When you’re considering historic vs. historical, are the meanings the same? The difference between historic and historical can be subtle, and English presents us with such subtly confusing issues like words or phrases that sound similar but are not the same, such as flush out vs. flesh out, home in vs. honey in and loose vs. lose. And what about words with similar meanings, such as compliment vs. complement? It can seem like a lot to remember, but if you take things step by step and keep some basic tips in mind, you’ll confidently make those word choices — with historic vs. historical and other language issues too. What does historic mean? Is historic a word you’re using wrong? Over its centuries of use, historic has come to describe something of social or political importance that happened in the past, such as the political speech we mentioned above, or the Gettysburg Address. Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream” speech is understood as a historic address. What does historical mean? Unlike historic, historical does not imply something of particular importance. It simply means that something is relating to history. Historical would be the choice, for example, to describe an organization devoted to an aspect of history, such as the New York Historical Society, which offers a museum and a library. The biography of Abraham Lincoln offered an interesting historical perspective. When considering historic vs. historical, try word association. Remember that historic is usually used to describe specific events; and both historic and specific end in-ic. Meanwhile, historical is used more generally to talk about things related to history; and historical and general both end in-al. See? Not so hard, and definitely not one of the more confusing grammar rules. 28．How does the author introduce the topic in paragraph 2? A．By quoting an expert. B．By telling a story. C．By giving examples. D．By asking questions. 29．Which of the following pairs of words has the similar meanings? A．Flush out vs. flesh out. B．Loose vs. lose. C．Compliment vs. complement. D．Home in vs. honey in. 30．What is the difference between “historic” and “historical” according to the text? A．“Historic” describes events while “historic” describes objects. B．“Historic” means important while “historical” relates to the past. C．“Historic” is for recent events and “historical” is for ancient ones. D．“Historic” is for true stories and “historical” is for personal views. 31．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To discuss the history of “historic” and “historical”. B．To explain the right usage of “historic” and “historical”. C．To argue the grammar focus of “historic” and “historical”. D．To prove the importance of “historic” and “historical”. D A new study by developmental scientists at Northwestern University and Harvard University offers the first proof that babies as young as 15 months can identify an object they have learned about from listening to language — even if the object remains hidden. The researchers studied 134 babies, 67 at 12 months and 67 at 15 months in a three-part task. The babies played on the floor while often listening to parents talk about grapes in a conversation about more familiar fruits like apples and bananas. A week later, the researchers presented babies with words they understand, paired with an image of the object, such as apples and bananas, to which it referred. Then, babies heard a new word while the image of a novel object grapes was hidden from their view. Finally, two novel objects grapes and knives appeared and babies were asked, “Where are the grapes?” 15-month-olds, but not 12-month-olds, looked longer at the novel fruit grapes than the novel object knives. Although they had never seen any object paired with that novel word, 15-month-olds could use contextual information to correctly connect new words with unseen objects. “The study shows that even babies who are just beginning to say their first words learn from the language they hear, even if the objects or events being discussed are not present,” senior author Sandra Waxman said. The study provides new information for the developmental origins of the human ability to learn about things that are not perceived (感知). It also begins to address how, and how early, the human mind can create ideas of objects and events never experienced directly. This new work stresses the power of language in babies’ daily lives. The results of the study show that by 15 months, babies naturally use the linguistic (语言的) context in which a new word appears to build a point of its meaning that will support later learning. “When babies hear new words like grapes in a conversation when there are no grapes around, parents don’t waste the opportunity to home in on its meaning,” Waxman said. “We now know this is beneficial to babies’ language learning.” 32．What does the new study focus on? A．What language 15-month-olds can learn. B．How babies practice their learned words. C．Why babies prefer listening to language about objects. D．Whether conversational context helps babies recognize objects. 33．How was the study carried out? A．By measuring babies’ brain waves. B．By comparing babies’ reactions. C．By monitoring babies’ pronunciation. D．By interviewing babies’ parents. 34．What is Waxman’s attitude toward the study results? A．Debatable. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Uncaring. 35．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Practical value of the findings. B．Methods of on-site testing. C．Future direction for the study. D．Disadvantages of the study. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). 36 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker. 37 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. 38 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it’s not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 39 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better. For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work,” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. 40 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A．I don’t often use this dictionary. B．It takes no account of the context. C．But I still don’t want to replace them. D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E．Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F．That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G．Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My journey in China began at Yuelu Academy (书院) a decade ago, with a simple goal — to master the Chinese language. However, when I first saw the 41 carved on the ancient stones, I could not read a single one and felt deeply 42 . Some classical texts were so challenging that many foreign students 43 and returned home. I almost quit, too. One rainy evening, after failing another exam, I was packing my bags in a low mood, ready to 44 . Just then, an old teacher saw me. He invited me to take a 45 in his office, and we drank some tea together. “The 46 start leads to the brightest future,” he said. It was these words that gave me the strength to 47 . Later, I attended his lecture on Xunzi. He explained, “Human progress needs everyone’s 48 , not just a few excellent people. Xunzi’s thoughts are still alive today!” Suddenly, I understood that these ancient ideas could solve 49 problems. This discovery lit a fire in my heart. But the road ahead remained 50 . When I decided to study Chinese philosophy (哲学), my Australian friends thought I was 51 . I faced many lonely nights. I remember one winter night in particular. Feeling very tired and 52 my home, I went for a walk across the campus. In the quiet 53 , I could almost imagine the ancient wise thinkers talking around me. Now, I stand 54 in a classroom at Yuelu Academy, teaching Chinese philosophy in fluent Chinese. I often use simple examples, such as comparing my students with players in a basketball team supporting one another. That lost Australian student has now become a 55 , connecting ancient wisdom to the young minds of the future. 41．A．maps B．characters C．plants D．pictures 42．A．lost B．moved C．hurt D．impressed 43．A．fell behind B．went away C．gave up D．came along 44．A．explain B．rest C．leave D．clean 45．A．look B．chance C．breath D．seat 46．A．hardest B．longest C．easiest D．latest 47．A．drink B．continue C．speak D．quit 48．A．credits B．money C．attention D．efforts 49．A．heart B．language C．international D．modern 50．A．straight B．clear C．long D．busy 51．A．crazy B．anxious C．lazy D．awkward 52．A．missing B．imagining C．admiring D．loving 53．A．library B．darkness C．afternoon D．conversation 54．A．carefully B．nervously C．shyly D．confidently 55．A．symbol B．light C．bridge D．site 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Studies suggest that 56 number of people who are taking Chinese courses abroad, including those with Chinese backgrounds, has reached over 100 million. This is because Chinese is seen as a major tool with 57 people can communicate and do business both in China and in other countries. For foreign 58 (company) wanting to do business in China, they can have a huge advantage over their competitors if they can master the Chinese language. The increasing popularity of the Chinese language has led 59 the introduction of a variety of teaching programs and classes in some countries. Some say even baby-sitters in New York who are able to speak Chinese are 60 (well) paid than others. The growing number of people in other countries who have a strong wish 61 (learn)Chinese can be partly the result of their love for Chinese cultures. That perhaps also explains why 62 (tradition) Chinese cultures, from kung fu films and Chinese calligraphy to such ancient works as The Analects(论语) of Confucius and Sun Tzu’s The Art of War, 63 (win) so many “diehard fans” in other countries. Jim Rogers, a Wall Street tycoon (大亨), once at a conference played for the other participants a video of his daughter 64 (read) aloud a classical Chinese poem. Just as he says, whether you like it 65 not, Chinese will be the most important language in the 21st century. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 对于高中学生而言，英语学习的方法非常重要。请结合自身英语学习情况，写一篇短文，分享一下自己的学习方法。写作内容：自己在学习英语时比较有效的方法；说明具体的做法。 注意：词数100左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 Peter woke up early in the morning. He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast as quickly as possible. “Why are you in such a hurry, early bird?” Mum asked him. “We will have an English spelling test today, Mum,” Peter said. “Mr. White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100 scores. I’ve been studying the word list since last week. Although the words are difficult, I am well prepared for them.” Peter reviewed the spelling of each word once more carefully when Dad drove him to school. At last, it was time for the students to have a test. “Responsibility,” Mr. White started. Peter wrote it on his test paper quickly and confidently. “The second word: contribution,” Mr. White said. “So easy,” Peter thought. He quickly wrote the word down. Thirty words later, the test papers were collected by Mr. White. “I am to mark your papers now,” he told the class. After marking the test papers, Mr. White said, “Three of you won a prize today for excellent test scores. Peter, David and Mary got full marks on the spelling test!” Mr. White praised them. Meanwhile, he gave the three students each a dictionary. Peter’s was an English-Chinese dictionary—the one he liked best. Peter was so excited that he held it high when his classmates cheered. “This is my happiest moment,” Peter thought. After Mr. White gave the test paper back, Peter had a look at the words, feeling proud of his spelling. All of a sudden, the word “contribusion” confused him. It didn’t seem right. Peter began to compare them after taking out the word list. “C-O-N-T-R-I-B-U-S-I-O-N,” he whispered. He spelled it wrong. “What am I to do?” Peter said to himself. “I expect my classmates to think I’m a master at spelling. If I tell Mr. White one of my spelling words is wrong, I’ll have to give my prize back, or I will become an example for telling a lie.” Staring at the full marks written on his test paper, Peter was lost in thought. After a while, he remembered a lesson Mum used to teach him, “We ought to be an honest person.” Paragraph1: Slowly,Peter raised his hand. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph2: Peter looked around. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年高一英语必修第一册单元测试（山东专用） Unit 2·培优卷（参考答案） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1.【答案】A 【原文】M:Will you do anything exciting this summer,Sandy? W:Most likely.My daughter and I have planned to rent a beach house in Florida for two weeks. M:That’s great! 2.【答案】A 【原文】M: Do you think I’m a good communicator in general? W: I’d say so. You’re a good listener, and you’re able to explain things clearly. However, sometimes your body language or facial expressions can make you seem a little uncomfortable. 3.【答案】B 【原文】W: Mr. Jones, your student George shows great love for music. M: I only wish he showed half as much for his English lessons. W: Actually, have you ever considered using his love for music to help him? Bring songs into his lessons and he may have more interest. M: Hmm, that’s a good idea. 4.【答案】C 【原文】M: Ma’am, I heard your dog barking all night yesterday. It was so annoying that I couldn’t have a sound sleep. It drove me crazy! W: Sorry to hear that, Nad. My dog has been sick for several days. Tonight it will not upset you, I promise. 5.【答案】B 【原文】M: What was the English corner like last night? W: I don’t know what others think of it. I just know I’ve never been asked so many strange questions. I wish I had stayed at home last night. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 【答案】6．C 7．A 【原文】M: Hey, Anna. Have you heard about the “Chinese Bridge” competition in Sri Lanka? I’m thinking of joining it. W: Really? Tell me more. What do you do in it? M: We take a Chinese written test, give a speech in Chinese, and do a cultural performance, like tai chi or calligraphy. The best part is that international students get to share their Chinese language journeys. Do you want to sign up together? W: That sounds amazing. I’d love to. When is it? M: On June 2nd and 3rd. We still have a month to prepare. We can practice together every weekend. It’ll be a great chance to improve our Chinese and make new friends! We’d better get there two days earlier, so that we can explore the city and get ready for the competition without rushing! W: Sounds perfect. 【答案】8．B 9．C 10．C 【原文】W: What are you listening to? It’s not in English, so I can’t understand the words. What’s it about? M: It’s an old song about a young man who goes to war and has to leave the woman he loves behind. She promises to marry him, but he doesn’t come back from the war. W: That’s so sad! What happens in the end? M: By the end of the song, the man still has not returned. The woman says she will still wait for him and never marry another man. W: Which language is it in? M: Farsi. That’s a language that people speak in Iran. It’s a very old language in our ancient culture. Many of the songs are sad, or at least serious. W: I understand. My mother speaks Hebrew. There are many old Jewish songs that also have a lot of deep meaning in them. 【答案】11．A 12．C 13．B 【原文】W: I’m having difficulty in learning Russian. M: I didn’t know you were learning Russian. Are you going abroad? W: No. I’m just fascinated by Russian itself. I have asked many friends for advice. I remember you are a Russian major, right? M: Yeah. Do you have trouble with pronunciation or anything else? W: In fact, I listen to tapes and read Russian aloud every morning, so I think my pronunciation is not bad. Besides, I’m good at memorizing the words, so my vocabulary is also good. The problem is that I really don’t understand the use of grammar. M: It is essential for beginners to lay a solid foundation. You should do more grammar exercises and give yourself time for reflection. Practice makes perfect. W: I see. Thank you. 【答案】14．A 15．C 16．B 17．A 【原文】W: Good evening, Mr. Hunt. Any problems with French? M: I’ve been learning French for some years. I’ve learned quite a lot of grammar and words. But when I went to France this summer, I couldn’t understand the French people at all. I’ve lost heart and even want to give it up. W: It is a problem. How long have you been studying French? M: About four years. W: How exactly? Going to an evening class, or using tapes? M: I’ve been going to an evening class and I’ve watched quite a lot of television programs. W: They’re very good. Did you buy any books? M: No, I only watched the programs, but it seems it doesn’t work well. W: I see... Mr. Hunt. Learning a language is rather like learning to drive. Now you couldn’t learn to drive a car by sitting in a classroom or watching television. I think what you need is a lot of practice in using the language. 【答案】18．B 19．C 20．C 【原文】    W: Hello, everyone. Today I’ll talk about how to improve your pronunciation. Language researchers say pronunciation and fluency are the biggest barriers, followed by grammar in effective spoken English. However, most people don’t regard pronunciation as a very important part of communication skills. They’re more focused on vocabulary. One reason is that most people are not even aware of their mispronunciations. So it’s important to first find out the words you mispronounce. You should listen to experts. By experts, I mean those who are less likely to make pronunciation mistakes. When listening to them, pay attention to words that sound strange. Strange, because you pronounce the same words differently. When you come across such words, check a dictionary to confirm their exact pronunciations. You can also search for difficult-to-pronounce words and names and make a list of them. The last suggestion is to read aloud. Now you’ve got the correct pronunciations of the words. It’s time to practice reading them every day. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在选择合适的语言学习项目时需考虑自身目标，并列举了学习新语言的几种方式，包括课程、证书、高管教育项目以及学位，同时说明了每种方式的特点和所需时间等信息。 21．细节理解题。根据Executive (高管) education programmes部分“When you have little spare time, executive education programmes offer you the opportunity to learn a new language while also meeting your schedule. These programmes are best for managers or hopefuls willing to upskill in their field.(当你业余时间很少时，高管教育项目为你提供学习一门新语言的机会，同时也能满足你的日程安排。这些项目最适合那些希望在自己领域提升技能的经理或有此志向的人)”可知，对于业余时间少的经理来说，高管教育项目是最好的选择。故选C项。 22．细节理解题。依据Degrees部分“Bachelor’s programmes typically take four years of full-time study to complete, while a master’s usually takes two years.(学士学位课程通常需要四年全日制学习才能完成，而硕士学位课程通常需要两年)”可知，获得语言研究的硕士学位需要两年时间。故选B项。 23．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了在选择合适的语言学习项目时需考虑自身目标，并列举了学习新语言的几种方式，包括课程、证书、高管教育项目以及学位，同时说明了每种方式的特点和所需时间等信息。由此推知，我们最有可能在杂志的教育板块找到这篇文章。故选D项。 【答案】24．B 25．C 26．C 27．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者参加西班牙语夜校学习的经历，从最初在初级班努力学习词汇和语法，到中级班进行对话作业时遇到困难，最终意识到语言学习中真诚的人际交流比追求完美更重要。 24．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“I worked hard to take in vocabulary and grammar.(我努力学习词汇和语法)”可知，作者为学习初级西班牙语所做的是努力学习单词和语法。故选B项。 25．推理判断题。根据第三段“But during the question-and-answer part, I faltered. Words escaped me, verb tenses mixed up, and French phrases slipped out. I felt exposed and anxious, reduced to simple sentences.(但在问答环节，我结巴了。我想不起单词，动词时态混乱，还冒出了法语短语。我觉得自己被暴露在众人面前，十分焦虑，只能说简单的句子)”可知，虽然一开始作者觉得做关于书的展示没问题，但在问答环节出现各种问题并感到焦虑，由此可推断当收到作业时，作者内心是焦虑的。故选C项。 26．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Words escaped me, verb tenses mixed up, and French phrases slipped out.(我想不起单词，动词时态混乱，还冒出了法语短语)”可知，作者在问答环节遇到了语言表达上的困难，所以“faltered”应表示说话不顺畅、犹豫。“Hesitated”（犹豫）符合语境。故选C项。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“True communication is not about perfect performance, but about sincere human connection.(真正的交流不在于完美的表现，而在于真诚的人际联系)”可知，作者最终意识到在语言学习中，人际联系比追求完美更重要。故选D项。 【答案】28．D 29．C 30．B 31．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“historic”和“historical”两个易混淆单词的区别、含义及用法，并给出记忆技巧，帮助读者正确使用这两个词。 【详解】28．推理判断题。根据第一段“When a famous political figure gives a noted speech in your town square, is it a historic event or a historical event — or perhaps both? When you’re considering historic vs. historical, are the meanings the same?(当一位著名政治人物在你所在城镇的广场上发表一场著名演讲时，这是一场historic事件还是historical事件 —— 或者两者皆是？当你在区分historic和historical时，它们的意思是一样的吗？)”并结合第二段对包括“historic”和“historical”等易混单词的介绍可知，文章通过提问的方式引出第二段的话题。故选D项。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And what about words with similar meanings, such as compliment vs. complement?(那么含义相似的单词呢，比如compliment和complement？)”可知，compliment和complement是一对含义相似的单词。故选C项。 30．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Over its centuries of use, historic has come to describe something of social or political importance that happened in the past(经过几个世纪的使用，“historic”已经用来描述过去发生的具有社会或政治重要性的事物)”以及第四段中的“Unlike historic, historical does not imply something of particular importance. It simply means that something is relating to history.(与“historic”不同，“historical”并不意味着某事物具有特殊重要性。它仅仅表示某事物与历史有关)”可知，historic强调“具有重要性”，historical强调“与历史相关”。故选B项。 31．推理判断题。通读全文，第一段通过提问引出“historic”和“historical”的区别这一话题；第二段列举其他易混淆单词，说明英语中存在此类易混淆问题；第三、四段分别解释了“historic”和“historical”的含义及用法，并举例说明；第五段给出记忆两个单词用法的技巧。结合全文核心内容，尤其是最后一段“When considering historic vs. historical, try word association. Remember that historic is usually used to describe specific events; and both historic and specific end in-ic. Meanwhile, historical is used more generally to talk about things related to history; and historical and general both end in-al.(在区historic和historical时，可以尝试联想记忆法。记住：historic通常用来描述具体的重大事件，而且historic和 specific（具体的）都以-ic结尾。与此同时，historical更泛指与历史相关的事物，而且historical和 general（笼统的、一般的）都以 -al 结尾)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是解释“historic”和“historical”的正确用法，帮助读者区分并正确使用这两个词。故选B项。 【答案】32．D 33．B 34．C 35．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国西北大学和哈佛大学的发展科学家开展的一项新研究，证实了15个月大的婴儿能借助语言语境识别未见过的隐藏物体，而12个月大的婴儿尚不具备该能力，同时阐述了该研究在婴儿语言学习和认知发展方面的研究价值与现实意义。 【详解】32．细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study by developmental scientists at Northwestern University and Harvard University offers the first proof that babies as young as 15 months can identify an object they have learned about from listening to language — even if the object remains hidden.(美国西北大学和哈佛大学的发展科学家开展的一项新研究首次证实，仅15个月大的婴儿就能识别出他们通过听语言了解到的物体——即使该物体仍处于隐藏状态。)” 以及第三段“Although they had never seen any object paired with that novel word, 15-month-olds could use contextual information to correctly connect new words with unseen objects.(尽管他们从未见过与这个新词配对的物体，但15个月大的婴儿能利用语境信息将新词与未见过的物体正确关联起来。)”可知，该研究的核心是探究对话语境是否能帮助婴儿识别物体。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers studied 134 babies, 67 at 12 months and 67 at 15 months in a three-part task.(研究人员以一项包含三个环节的实验，对134名婴儿展开了研究，其中67名为12月龄婴儿，另外67名为15月龄婴儿。)”及关于研究过程的描述以及第三段“15-month-olds, but not 12-month-olds, looked longer at the novel fruit grapes than the novel object knives.(15个月大的婴儿会比12个月大的婴儿更久地注视新奇水果葡萄，而非新奇物品小刀。)”可知，研究人员是通过对比12个月和15个月大的婴儿面对相关物品时的反应来开展研究的。故选B。 34．推理判断题。根据最后一段““When babies hear new words like grapes in a conversation when there are no grapes around, parents don’t waste the opportunity to home in on its meaning,” Waxman said. “We now know this is beneficial to babies’ language learning.”(韦克斯曼说：“当婴儿在周围没有葡萄的对话中听到葡萄这类新词时，父母抓住这个机会讲解词义并非徒劳。我们现在知道，这对婴儿的语言学习是有益的。”)”可知，韦克斯曼认为研究结果证实了相关做法对婴儿语言学习有积极作用，其对研究结果持积极态度。故选C。 35．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“This new work stresses the power of language in babies’ daily lives. The results of the study show that by 15 months, babies naturally use the linguistic context in which a new word appears to build a point of its meaning that will support later learning.(这项新研究强调了语言在婴儿日常生活中的作用。研究结果表明，到15个月大时，婴儿会自然利用新词出现的语言语境来构建其词义认知，这为后续的学习奠定基础。) ”以及韦克斯曼的观点可知，该段主要阐述了这项研究发现的实际应用价值。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 【答案】36．F 37．B 38．E 39．A 40．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者对词典和同义词词典的使用习惯，强调了拼写准确的重要性，并分享了自己选择纸质工具书的原因和使用心得。 【详解】36．由上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). (如果你打算出版的话，提交一份完美、专业的原稿至关重要。)”以及下文“No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. (没有编辑会容忍一个不肯费心正确拼写单词的作家。)”可知，本空要说明“完美原稿”的具体标准，F选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(这意味着良好的语法和无拼写错误。)”承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“good grammar and no spelling mistakes”与上文“perfect, professionally presented manuscript”相呼应，也与下文“spell words correctly”相呼应。故选F。 37．由上文“I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker. (我不相信笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”可知，本空要解释不相信它的原因，B选项“It takes no account of the context. (它不考虑上下文。)”符合题意，该选项中的“It”指代上文的“laptop’s spellchecker”，说明其缺陷，解释了作者不信任的原因。故选B。 38．由下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. (它应该给每个单词一个精确的定义，从而将其与其他意思相似但不完全相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”可知，本空要引出词典除拼写之外的其他功能，E选项“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. (当然，词典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”符合题意，该选项中的“not only for spelling”与下文“precise definition”、“pronounced”等词典的其他功能相呼应。故选E。 39．由下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better. (然而，如果我需要查一个词的起源或查找其用法的例子，没有比它更好的了。)”可知，本空要表达作者对这本词典的使用频率，A选项“I don’t often use this dictionary. (我不常使用这本词典。)”符合题意，该选项与下文“However”引导的转折关系相呼应，说明虽然不常用，但在特定情况下它是最佳选择。故选A。 40．由上文“‘To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work,’ wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ‘dull’. (‘编词典是枯燥的工作，’约翰逊写道，并举例说明了‘枯燥’的一个定义。)”以及下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. (花几分钟浏览一两页会是一种有益的体验。)”可知，本空要表达与“枯燥”相反的观点，D选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. (但阅读词典也可以是一种乐趣。)”符合题意。该选项中的“pleasure”与上文“dull”形成转折，也与下文“rewarding experience”相呼应。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 【答案】 41．B 42．A 43．C 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．D 50．C 51．A 52．A 53．B 54．D 55．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者十年间在岳麓书院学习中文和哲学，从受挫想放弃到成为讲师传播古智慧的历程。 【详解】41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我第一次看到刻在古石上的文字时，我一个也不认识，心里感到十分迷茫。A. maps地图；B. characters文字，字符；C. plants植物；D. pictures图画。根据前文“to master the Chinese language”以及后文“I could not read a single one”可知，作者的目标是掌握中文，且认不出古石上的内容，由此可知是刻在石上的是中文字符。故选B项。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我第一次看到刻在古石上的文字时，我一个也不认识，心里感到十分迷茫。A. lost迷茫的，不知所措的；B. moved感动的；C. hurt受伤的；D. impressed印象深刻的。根据前文“I could not read a single one”可知，作者面对古石上的中文字符一个都不认识，结合学中文的目标，此时内心是迷茫的。故选A项。 43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一些经典文献难度极大，以至于许多外国学生都放弃了，回国了。A. fell behind落后；B. went away离开；C. gave up放弃；D. came along出现，一起来。根据后文“returned home. I almost quit, too”可知，许多外国学生因经典文献太难回国了，作者也差点放弃，说明这些学生是放弃了中文学习。故选C项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个雨夜，又一次考试失利后，我心情低落地收拾行李，准备离开。A. explain解释；B. rest休息；C. leave离开；D. clean打扫。根据前文“packing my bags in a low mood”以及前文其他学生放弃回国的内容，可知作者考试失利后收拾行李，是准备像其他学生一样离开，放弃学习。故选C项。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他邀请我在他的办公室坐下，我们一起喝了茶。A. look样子，看；B. chance机会；C. breath呼吸；D. seat座位。根据后文“in his office, and we drank some tea together”可知，老师邀请作者进办公室坐下喝茶。故选D项。 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“最艰难的开始会通向最光明的未来。”A. hardest最艰难的；B. longest最长的；C. easiest最容易的；D. latest最新的。根据前文“One rainy evening, after failing another exam, I was packing my bags in a low mood”可知，作者学习中文的受挫、想放弃的状态，所以老师的这句话是鼓励作者最艰难的开始会通向最光明的未来。故选A项。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是这句话给了我继续坚持下去的力量。A. drink喝；B. continue继续；C. speak说话；D. quit放弃。根据前文“The ____ start leads to the brightest future”以及作者收拾行李准备离开，以及老师的鼓励话语，可知这句话让作者获得了继续学习的力量。故选B项。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他解释道：“人类的进步需要每个人的努力，而不仅仅是少数优秀的人。”A. credits学分，赞扬；B. money金钱；C. attention注意力；D. efforts努力。根据后文“not just a few excellent people”可知，此处强调人类进步不是靠少数优秀者，而是需要所有人的付出。故选D项。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，我明白了这些古老的思想可以解决现代问题。A. heart内心的；B. language语言的；C. international国际的；D. modern现代的。根据前文“Xunzi’s thoughts are still alive today”可知，荀子的思想至今仍有生命力，由此可推知古老思想能解决当下的、现代的问题，与“still alive today”相呼应。故选D项。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但前方的道路依然漫长。A. straight直的；B. clear清晰的；C. long漫长的；D. busy忙碌的。根据后文“When I decided to study Chinese philosophy (哲学), my Australian friends thought I was ____. I faced many lonely nights.”可知，作者面临朋友的不理解、孤独的夜晚等经历，即便领悟了古思想的意义，学习和研究的道路依旧不好走，是漫长的。故选C项。 51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我决定学习中国哲学时，我的澳大利亚朋友都觉得我疯了。A. crazy疯狂的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. lazy懒惰的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据前文“When I decided to study Chinese philosophy (哲学)”可知，作者原本的目标是掌握中文，后又决定学习中国哲学，结合外国友人的视角，可知朋友无法理解这个决定，觉得作者的做法很疯狂。故选A项。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到疲惫不堪，思念家乡，于是在校园里散步。A. missing思念，想念；B. imagining想象；C. admiring钦佩，欣赏；D. loving热爱。根据前文“I faced many lonely nights”以及后文“my home”可知，作者身处异国，度过了许多孤独的夜晚，此时感到疲惫，自然会思念家乡。故选A项。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在寂静的夜色中，我几乎能想象到古代的智者们在我身边交谈。A. library图书馆；B. darkness黑暗，夜色；C. afternoon下午；D. conversation对话。根据前文“one winter night”可知，作者是在冬夜外出散步，因此此时身处的是寂静的夜色中。故选B项。 54．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，我自信地站在岳麓书院的教室里，用流利的中文讲授中国哲学。A. carefully小心地；B. nervously紧张地；C. shyly害羞地；D. confidently自信地。根据后文“teaching Chinese philosophy in fluent Chinese”可知，作者如今能流利地用中文讲中国哲学，与最初连古文字符都不认识的迷茫状态形成对比，此时是自信地站在讲台上。故选D项。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个曾经迷茫的澳大利亚学生，如今成了一座桥梁，将古老的智慧与未来的年轻心灵连接起来。A. symbol象征；B. light光，希望；C. bridge桥梁；D. site地点。根据后文“connecting ancient wisdom to the young minds of the future”可知，此处指作者成为连接古智慧和年轻一代的桥梁。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 【答案】 56．the 57．which 58．companies 59．to 60．better 61．to learn 62．traditional 63．have won 64．reading 65．or 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了汉语在全球的流行及其原因和影响。 【详解】56．考查冠词。句意：研究表明，在国外上中文课程的人数，包括有中文背景的人，已经超过1亿。根据句意可知，此处表示“……的数量”，应用固定短语the number of。故填the。 57．考查定语从句。句意：这是因为汉语被视为一种主要工具，人们可以用它在中国和其他国家进行交流和做生意。空处引导定语从句，先行词是a major tool，在从句中作介词with的宾语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 58．考查名词复数。句意：对于那些想在中国做生意的外国公司来说，如果他们能掌握汉语，就能比竞争对手拥有巨大的优势。company“公司”为可数名词，根据空后their competitors可知，空处名词需用复数。故填companies。 59．考查介词。句意：汉语越来越受欢迎，导致一些国家引入了各种教学项目和课程。此处需用固定短语lead to“导致”，所以空处需用介词to。故填to。 60．考查副词比较级。句意：有人说，即使是会说中文的纽约保姆，也比其他人薪水更高。根据空后than可知，空处需用副词well的比较级better。故填better。 61．考查非谓语动词。句意：其他国家越来越多的人有强烈的愿望学习汉语，这在一定程度上可能是他们热爱中国文化的结果。“have a strong wish to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“有强烈的愿望做某事”，用不定式作后置定语。故填to learn。 62．考查形容词。句意：这或许也可以解释为什么从功夫电影和中国书法，到《论语》和《孙子兵法》等古代作品，中国传统文化在其他国家赢得了如此多的“铁杆粉丝”。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词cultures，tradition的形容词为traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 63．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意同上。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据语境可知，此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，所以句子需用现在完成时态：have/has done，主语是复数cultures，所以空处助动词需用have。故填have won。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：华尔街大亨吉姆·罗杰斯曾在一次会议上为其他与会者播放了一段视频，视频中他的女儿大声朗读一首中国古典诗歌。分析句子结构可知，空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词daughter，空处动词和名词daughter之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作后置定语。故填reading。 65．考查固定搭配。句意：正如他所说，不管你喜欢与否，汉语都将是21世纪最重要的语言。根据空后or not可知，此处需用固定搭配whether...or not“不管……与否”。故填or。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 【答案】 As a high school student, I consider English a very important subject. In order to learn it well, apart from English class, I took an active part in English corner and other after-class English activities, which benefit me a lot. In English corner, I meet many friends, who share the same interest with me. Besides, sometimes, some foreigners are glad to join us. By talking with them, my oral English improved a lot. I also find it useful to keep English diaries. As the saying goes, practice makes perfect. Only by practicing will we make more progress. Finally, some good English study websites contribute a lot to my improvement. Through these websites, I can read some classic English passages, poems and stories. What’s more, I can learn some learning skills and methodologies, which play an important role in my study process. All in all, every road leads to Rome, but I believe hard work pays off. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。要求考生结合自身学英语的经历介绍一下学习英语的方法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 有用的：useful→ beneficial 重要的：important→significant 除……外：apart from→ other than 2.句型拓展 陈述句变强调句 原句：Finally, some good English study websites contribute a lot to my improvement. 拓展句：Finally, it is some good English study websites that contribute a lot to my improvement. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In order to learn it well, apart from English class, I took an active part in English corner and other after-class English activities, which benefit me a lot.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Only by practicing will we make more progress.（运用了部分倒装） 第二节（满分25分） 【答案】Paragraph 1: Slowly, Peter raised his hand. “Mr. White, I didn’t get full marks on the test. I made a mistake.” He stood up and handed his teacher the dictionary he liked best and his test paper, “I spelled contribution with ’s-i’ instead of ‘t-i’. ”Peter could feel his classmates looking at him with surprise as he walked back to his desk. Mr. White held up Peter’s testpaper. “Class,” he said, “Peter did something even more important than spelling every word correctly on a test.” Mr. White smiled at Peter, “He taught us all a lesson on being honest.”Paragraph 2: Peter looked around. He found many of his classmates were smiling at him. “Peter, I want you to have this dictionary because you set a good example for all of us,” Mr. White said. Peter took the dictionary from his teacher and expressed his thanks to Mr. White. Meanwhile, he couldn’t wait to show it to Mum and tell her one of his best days ever. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了彼得在英语拼写测试中得了一百分，老师奖给他一本他最喜欢的英汉词典，他很高兴，但老师把试卷还给他后，他发现自己拼错了单词，自己没资格得奖，他陷入了是否说出真相的两难境地，最后他想起了妈妈的话：“我们应该做一个诚实的人。” 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“彼得慢慢地举起了手。”可知，第一段可描写彼得坦白事实，得到了老师的谅解。 ②由第二段首句内容“彼得环顾四周”可知，第二段可描写同学对彼得的态度以及老师奖励了他的诚实。 2.续写线索：举手坦白——老师谅解——同学认可——得到奖励——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 递给：hand/pass on 表达：express/extend 拥有：have /possess 情绪类 惊讶：with surprise /surprisedly 最好：best/greatest 【点睛】[高分句型1] Peter could feel his classmates looking at him with surprise as he walked back to his desk. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Peter, I want you to have this dictionary because you set a good example for all of us .(运用了because引导原因状语从句) 2 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $听力考试正式开始。Will you do anything exciting this summer? Sandy, most likely, my daughter and I have planned to rent to b. Charles in florida two weeks. That's great. Listen to the next question. Do you think i'm a good communicator in general? I'd say so you're a good listener and you're able to explain things clearly. However, sometimes your body language or facial expression can make you seem a little uncomfortable. Listen to the next question. Mister Jones, your student George shows great love and music. I only wish he showed half as much for his english lessons. Actually. have you ever considered using his love for music to help him bring songs into his lessons? And he may have . more interest. HMM that's a good idea. Listen to the next question. Mam, I heard your dog barking all night yesterday. I was so annoying that I couldn't have a sounds. Sleep IT drove me crazy. Sorry to hear that, and my dog has been sick for several days tonight. I will not upset you, I promise. Listen to the next question. what was the english corner like last night? I don't . know what others think of IT. I just know i've never been asked so many strange questions. I wish I had stayed at home last night. Listen to the next question. Hey, anna, have you heard about the chinese bridge competition and her longa? I'm thinking joining . IT really tell me more, what do you doing that we take . a chinese written test, give a speech in chinese, and do a cultural performance like tie chi or collision phy. The best part is that international students get to share their chinese language journeys. Do you want to . sign up together? That sounds amazing. I'd love to when is . IT on june second and third? We still have a month to prepare. We can practice together every weekend. It'll be a great chance to improve our chinese and make new friends. We'd Better get there two days earlier so that we can explore the city and get ready for the . competition without rushing. Sounds perfect. Hey, anna, have you heard about the chinese bridge competition and her longa? I'm thinking . of joining IT really tell me more. What do you doing? IT? We take a chinese written test, give a speech in chinese, and do a cultural performance like thi chi or collision phy. The best part is that international students get to share their chinese language journey. Do you want to sign up together? That sounds amazing. I'd love to when is IT . on june second and third? We still have a month to prepare. We can practice together every weekend. It'll be a great chance to improve our chinese and make new friends. We'd Better get there two days earlier so that we can explore the city and get ready for the . competition without rushing. Sounds perfect. Listen the next question. What are you listening to? It's not in english, so I can't understand the words what's IT about? It's an old song about a Young man who goes to war and has to leave the woman he loves behind. SHE promises to marry him, but he doesn't come back . from the war. That so sad what happens in the end? By the end of the song, a man still has not returned. The woman says he will still wait for him and never marry another man. Which language is . IT in a that's a language that people speak in iran. It's a very old language in our ancient culture. Many of the songs are sad, or at least serious. I understand my mother speaks hebrew. There are many old jewish songs that also have a lot of deep meaning in them. What are you listening to? It's not in english, so I can't understand the words what's IT about? It's an old song about a Young man who goes to war and has to leave the woman he loves behind. SHE promises to marry him, but he doesn't come back from the war. That's so sad. What happens in the end? By the end of the song. a man still has not returned. The woman says he will still wait for him and never marry another man. Which language is IT in . a that's a language that people speak in iran. It's a very old language in our ancient culture. Many of the songs are sad, or at least serious. I understand my mother speaks hebrew. There are many old jewish songs that also have a lot of deep meaning in them. Listen to the next question. I'm having difficulty in learning russian. I didn't . know you were learning russian. Are you going abroad? No, i'm just fascinated by russian itself. I have asked many friends for advice. I remember you are a russian major. right? yeah. Do you have trouble with principle or anything else? In fact, I listened the tapes and read, rush aloud every morning, so I think my pronunciation is not bad. Besides, i'm good at memorizing the words, so my vocabulary is also good. The problem is that I really don't understand the use of grammar. IT is essential for beginners to lay a solid foundation. You should do more grammar exercises and give yourself time for reflection. Practice makes . perfect. I see. Thank you. I'm having difficulty in learning russian. I didn't know you learning russian. Are you going abroad? No, i'm just fascinated by russian itself. I have asked many friends for advice. I remember you are a russian major. right? yeah. Do you have trouble with principle or anything else? In fact, I listened the tapes and read russian aloud every morning. So I think my pronunciation is not bad. Besides, i'm good at memorizing the words, so my vocabulary is also good. The problem is that I really don't understand the use of grammar. IT is essential for beginners to lay a solid foundation. You should do more grammar exercises and give yourself time for reflection. Practice makes perfect. I see. Thank you. Listen to the next question. Good evening, mr. hunt. Any problems with french? I ve been learning french for some years. I've learned quite a lot of grammar and words, but when I went to france this summer, I couldn't understand the french people at all. I've lost heart and even want to give IT up. IT is a problem. How long have you been studying french of . about four years? How exactly going to an evening class or using tapes? I've been going to an evening class, and I ve watched quite a lot of television programs. They're very good. Did you buy any books? No way. Only watched the programs. But IT seems IT doesn't work. Well, I see, mr. Hunt, learning a language is rather like learning to drive. Now you couldn't learn to drive a car by sitting in a classroom or watching television. I think what you need is a lot of practice in using the language. Good evening, mister hunt. Any problems with french? I've been learning french for some years. I've learned quite a lot of grammar in words. But when I went to france this summer, I couldn't understand the french people at all. I've lost heart and even want to give IT up. IT is a problem. How long have you been studying . french about four years? How like going to an evening class or using tapes? I've been going to an evening class, and i've watched quite a lot of television programs. They're very good. Did you buy any books? No, only watched the programs, but IT seems IT doesn't work. Well, I see, mr. Hunt, learning a language is rather like learning to drive. Now you couldn't learn to drive a car by sitting in a classroom or watching television. I think what you need is a lot of practice in using the language. Listen to the next question. Hello, everyone, today i'll talk about how to improve your pronunciation. Language researchers say principle and fluency are the biggest barriers follow by grammar in effective spoken english. However, most people don't regard principle as a very important part of communication skills. They're more focused on vocabulary. One reason is that most people are not even aware of their mispronounces, so it's important to first find out the words you miss pronounce. You should listen to experts by experts. I mean, those who are less likely to make pronunciation mistakes when listening to them, pay attention to words that sounds strange, strange, because you pronounce the same words differently. When you come across such words, check a dictionary to confirm their exact pronunciation. You can also search for difficult to pronounce words and names and make a list of them. The last suggestion is to read aloud. Now you've got the correct pronunciations of the words. It's time to practice reading them every day. Hello everyone, today i'll talk about how to improve your pronunciation. Language researchers say principle and fluency are the biggest barriers, followed by grammar in effective spoken english. However, most people don't regard pronunciation as a very important part of communication skills. They're more focused on vocabulary. One reason is that most people are not even aware of are this pronunciations, so it's important to first find out the words you miss pronounce. You should listen to experts by experts. I mean, those who are less likely to make pronunciation mistakes when listening to them pay attention to words that sounds strange, strange, because you pronounce the same words differently. When you come across such words, check a dictionary to confirm their exact pronunciations. You can also search for difficult to pronounce words and names and make a list of them. The last suggestion is to read aloud. Now you've got the correct pronunciations of the words. It's time to practice reading them every day. 听力部分到此结束。 2026-2027学年高一英语必修第一册单元测试（山东专用） Unit 2·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 测试范围：必修第一册。 4. 难度系数：0.65。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 英语听力部分：该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 请看听力部分第一节，第一节，听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1．Where will the woman probably go for her holiday? A．The seaside. B．The countryside. C．The capital city. 【答案】A 【原文】M:Will you do anything exciting this summer,Sandy? W:Most likely.My daughter and I have planned to rent a beach house in Florida for two weeks. M:That’s great! 2．Which communication skill does the man probably need to work on? A．Body language. B．Active listening. C．Public speaking. 【答案】A 【原文】M: Do you think I’m a good communicator in general? W: I’d say so. You’re a good listener, and you’re able to explain things clearly. However, sometimes your body language or facial expressions can make you seem a little uncomfortable. 3．What does the woman suggest the man do? A Learn to play music.        B．Teach English with songs.        C． Give George music lessons. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Mr. Jones, your student George shows great love for music. M: I only wish he showed half as much for his English lessons. W: Actually, have you ever considered using his love for music to help him? Bring songs into his lessons and he may have more interest. M: Hmm, that’s a good idea. 4．What does the woman mean? A．The dog will sleep well. B．The dog is still sick. C．The dog won’t bark. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Ma’am, I heard your dog barking all night yesterday. It was so annoying that I couldn’t have a sound sleep. It drove me crazy! W: Sorry to hear that, Nad. My dog has been sick for several days. Tonight it will not upset you, I promise. 5．What does the woman think of the English corner last night? A．Interesting. B．Annoying. C．Relaxing. 【答案】B 【原文】M: What was the English corner like last night? W: I don’t know what others think of it. I just know I’ve never been asked so many strange questions. I wish I had stayed at home last night. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 第一节到此结束，第二节，听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6．What appeals to the man most about the competition? A．Making some new friends. B．Enjoying the cultural performance. C．Exchanging experiences in learning Chinese. 7．When will the speakers arrive in Sri Lanka? A．On May 31st. B．On June 1st. C．On June 2nd. 【答案】6．C 7．A 【原文】M: Hey, Anna. Have you heard about the “Chinese Bridge” competition in Sri Lanka? I’m thinking of joining it. W: Really? Tell me more. What do you do in it? M: We take a Chinese written test, give a speech in Chinese, and do a cultural performance, like tai chi or calligraphy. The best part is that international students get to share their Chinese language journeys. Do you want to sign up together? W: That sounds amazing. I’d love to. When is it? M: On June 2nd and 3rd. We still have a month to prepare. We can practice together every weekend. It’ll be a great chance to improve our Chinese and make new friends! We’d better get there two days earlier, so that we can explore the city and get ready for the competition without rushing! W: Sounds perfect. 听第7段录音，回答第8-10题。 8．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A language class. B．A song. C．A book. 9．What happened to the woman in the story? A．She married someone else. B．Her husband came back. C．She stayed alone. 10．Who probably could speak Farsi? A．The woman’s mother. B．The woman. C．The man. 【答案】8．B 9．C 10．C 【原文】W: What are you listening to? It’s not in English, so I can’t understand the words. What’s it about? M: It’s an old song about a young man who goes to war and has to leave the woman he loves behind. She promises to marry him, but he doesn’t come back from the war. W: That’s so sad! What happens in the end? M: By the end of the song, the man still has not returned. The woman says she will still wait for him and never marry another man. W: Which language is it in? M: Farsi. That’s a language that people speak in Iran. It’s a very old language in our ancient culture. Many of the songs are sad, or at least serious. W: I understand. My mother speaks Hebrew. There are many old Jewish songs that also have a lot of deep meaning in them. 听第8段录音，回答第11-13题。 11．Why does the woman study Russian? A．She’s interested in it. B．She wants to make more friends. C．She’s going abroad. 12．What does the woman find difficult in learning Russian? A．Pronunciation. B．Vocabulary. C．Grammar. 13．What does the man advise the woman to do? A．Read Russian aloud. B．Do grammar practice and reflect. C．Memorize the words. 【答案】11．A 12．C 13．B 【原文】W: I’m having difficulty in learning Russian. M: I didn’t know you were learning Russian. Are you going abroad? W: No. I’m just fascinated by Russian itself. I have asked many friends for advice. I remember you are a Russian major, right? M: Yeah. Do you have trouble with pronunciation or anything else? W: In fact, I listen to tapes and read Russian aloud every morning, so I think my pronunciation is not bad. Besides, I’m good at memorizing the words, so my vocabulary is also good. The problem is that I really don’t understand the use of grammar. M: It is essential for beginners to lay a solid foundation. You should do more grammar exercises and give yourself time for reflection. Practice makes perfect. W: I see. Thank you. 听第9段录音，回答第14-17题。 14．What does Mr. Hunt find difficult in learning French? A．Understanding native speakers. B．Remembering new words. C．Learning grammar rules. 15．How does Mr. Hunt learn French? A．By reading books. B．By listening to tapes. C．By attending classes. 16．What does Mr. Hunt think of his method? A．Boring. B．Useless. C．Interesting. 17．What does the woman suggest Mr. Hunt do? A．Use the language. B．Practice reading aloud. C．Go abroad for further study. 【答案】14．A 15．C 16．B 17．A 【原文】W: Good evening, Mr. Hunt. Any problems with French? M: I’ve been learning French for some years. I’ve learned quite a lot of grammar and words. But when I went to France this summer, I couldn’t understand the French people at all. I’ve lost heart and even want to give it up. W: It is a problem. How long have you been studying French? M: About four years. W: How exactly? Going to an evening class, or using tapes? M: I’ve been going to an evening class and I’ve watched quite a lot of television programs. W: They’re very good. Did you buy any books? M: No, I only watched the programs, but it seems it doesn’t work well. W: I see... Mr. Hunt. Learning a language is rather like learning to drive. Now you couldn’t learn to drive a car by sitting in a classroom or watching television. I think what you need is a lot of practice in using the language. 听第10段录音，回答第18-20题。 18．What do most people think is very important in spoken communication? A．Pronunciation. B．Vocabulary. C．Grammar. 19．Why should you listen to experts according to the speaker? A．To develop your reading fluency. B．To improve your note-taking skills. C．To find out your mispronunciation. 20．What is the speaker’s last suggestion? A．Spell out the difficult words. B．Check the words in a dictionary. C．Practice reading the words aloud. 【答案】18．B 19．C 20．C 【原文】    W: Hello, everyone. Today I’ll talk about how to improve your pronunciation. Language researchers say pronunciation and fluency are the biggest barriers, followed by grammar in effective spoken English. However, most people don’t regard pronunciation as a very important part of communication skills. They’re more focused on vocabulary. One reason is that most people are not even aware of their mispronunciations. So it’s important to first find out the words you mispronounce. You should listen to experts. By experts, I mean those who are less likely to make pronunciation mistakes. When listening to them, pay attention to words that sound strange. Strange, because you pronounce the same words differently. When you come across such words, check a dictionary to confirm their exact pronunciations. You can also search for difficult-to-pronounce words and names and make a list of them. The last suggestion is to read aloud. Now you’ve got the correct pronunciations of the words. It’s time to practice reading them every day. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When choosing the right language programme, consider your goals. If you are learning for fun, find out which language interests you the most. If you’re learning a new language for a job, research the opportunities that will prepare you for your field of interest. Here are several ways to start learning a new language today. Courses Taking a language course is a great first step in exploring a new language in which you’re interested. Most courses take a few weeks and are free of cost. Certifications (证书) Getting a certification in a new language may help you show your skills to future employers or clients. Programme length varies but can last a few weeks to a few months. Executive (高管) education programmes When you have little spare time, executive education programmes offer you the opportunity to learn a new language while also meeting your schedule. These programmes are best for managers or hopefuls willing to upskill in their field. Degrees Bachelor’s (学士的) and master’s (硕士的) degrees in language studies provide the final understanding and path to fluency in a language in which you’re interested. Bachelor’s programmes typically take four years of full-time study to complete, while a master’s usually takes two years. A doctorate can take 4-7 years to complete. 21．Which of the following is the best for managers with little spare time? A．Taking a language course. B．Getting a certification. C．Executive education programme. D．Bachelor’s programme. 22．How long will it take to get a master’s degree in language studies? A．One year. B．Two years. C．Four years. D．Seven years. 23．In which part of a magazine can we find the text? A．Nature. B．Science. C．Technology. D．Education. 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在选择合适的语言学习项目时需考虑自身目标，并列举了学习新语言的几种方式，包括课程、证书、高管教育项目以及学位，同时说明了每种方式的特点和所需时间等信息。 21．细节理解题。根据Executive (高管) education programmes部分“When you have little spare time, executive education programmes offer you the opportunity to learn a new language while also meeting your schedule. These programmes are best for managers or hopefuls willing to upskill in their field.(当你业余时间很少时，高管教育项目为你提供学习一门新语言的机会，同时也能满足你的日程安排。这些项目最适合那些希望在自己领域提升技能的经理或有此志向的人)”可知，对于业余时间少的经理来说，高管教育项目是最好的选择。故选C项。 22．细节理解题。依据Degrees部分“Bachelor’s programmes typically take four years of full-time study to complete, while a master’s usually takes two years.(学士学位课程通常需要四年全日制学习才能完成，而硕士学位课程通常需要两年)”可知，获得语言研究的硕士学位需要两年时间。故选B项。 23．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了在选择合适的语言学习项目时需考虑自身目标，并列举了学习新语言的几种方式，包括课程、证书、高管教育项目以及学位，同时说明了每种方式的特点和所需时间等信息。由此推知，我们最有可能在杂志的教育板块找到这篇文章。故选D项。 B “¿Est á is listos?” That was our Spanish teacher’s opening question on the first day of night school. We met it with blank, puzzled faces until he translated: “Are you ready?” Relieved, we all smiled and nodded a yes. “Sí, estamos listos,” we replied, ready to begin. After being asked to make a self-introduction, the guy sitting next to me said, “Estoy enamorado” (I am in love). Everyone burst into laughter and we all relaxed a bit. Someone else said “Estoy cansada” (I am tired) and so on. Well, I was frightened. I kept hoping the teacher wouldn’t ask me anything because I had no vocabulary and grammar. So, I decided that beginner Spanish was right level for me. I worked hard to take in vocabulary and grammar. Three years later, I registered in Intermediate Spanish Conversation class. The memory work of grammar training was replaced by spontaneous (自发的) dialogue. As homework for the second conversation class, a short presentation about a book and answering questions were required. No problem, I’ve given many presentations. But during the question-and-answer part, I faltered. Words escaped me, verb tenses mixed up, and French phrases slipped out. I felt exposed and anxious, reduced to simple sentences. Then, I made a conscious decision to stop struggling for perfection and simply asked for help. Immediately, my classmates offered the words I needed, and the teacher skillfully guided me. I took a deep breath and realized no one was judging me; Everyone was supportive. I had initially viewed language learning as a purely intellectual pursuit. Now, I see it as a form of creation — it demands courage and creativity. True communication is not about perfect performance, but about sincere human connection. Am I ready to continue this journey? “Sí, estoy lista.” 24．What did the author do to learn beginner Spanish? A．He asked his classmates for help. B．He worked hard to learn words and grammar. C．He practiced speaking Spanish with his teacher. D．He read Spanish books to improve his reading skills. 25．How did the author feel when receiving the homework? A．Excited. B．Confused. C．Anxious. D．Confident. 26．What does the underlined word “faltered” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Shouted. B．Improved. C．Hesitated. D．Continued 27．What did the author finally realize? A．Learning a language is easy. B．Creation is the best way to learn. C．Making friends is the key to success. D．Connection is more important than perfection. 【答案】24．B 25．C 26．C 27．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者参加西班牙语夜校学习的经历，从最初在初级班努力学习词汇和语法，到中级班进行对话作业时遇到困难，最终意识到语言学习中真诚的人际交流比追求完美更重要。 24．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“I worked hard to take in vocabulary and grammar.(我努力学习词汇和语法)”可知，作者为学习初级西班牙语所做的是努力学习单词和语法。故选B项。 25．推理判断题。根据第三段“But during the question-and-answer part, I faltered. Words escaped me, verb tenses mixed up, and French phrases slipped out. I felt exposed and anxious, reduced to simple sentences.(但在问答环节，我结巴了。我想不起单词，动词时态混乱，还冒出了法语短语。我觉得自己被暴露在众人面前，十分焦虑，只能说简单的句子)”可知，虽然一开始作者觉得做关于书的展示没问题，但在问答环节出现各种问题并感到焦虑，由此可推断当收到作业时，作者内心是焦虑的。故选C项。 26．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Words escaped me, verb tenses mixed up, and French phrases slipped out.(我想不起单词，动词时态混乱，还冒出了法语短语)”可知，作者在问答环节遇到了语言表达上的困难，所以“faltered”应表示说话不顺畅、犹豫。“Hesitated”（犹豫）符合语境。故选C项。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“True communication is not about perfect performance, but about sincere human connection.(真正的交流不在于完美的表现，而在于真诚的人际联系)”可知，作者最终意识到在语言学习中，人际联系比追求完美更重要。故选D项。 C When a famous political figure gives a noted speech in your town square, is it a historic event or a historical event — or perhaps both? When you’re considering historic vs. historical, are the meanings the same? The difference between historic and historical can be subtle, and English presents us with such subtly confusing issues like words or phrases that sound similar but are not the same, such as flush out vs. flesh out, home in vs. honey in and loose vs. lose. And what about words with similar meanings, such as compliment vs. complement? It can seem like a lot to remember, but if you take things step by step and keep some basic tips in mind, you’ll confidently make those word choices — with historic vs. historical and other language issues too. What does historic mean? Is historic a word you’re using wrong? Over its centuries of use, historic has come to describe something of social or political importance that happened in the past, such as the political speech we mentioned above, or the Gettysburg Address. Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream” speech is understood as a historic address. What does historical mean? Unlike historic, historical does not imply something of particular importance. It simply means that something is relating to history. Historical would be the choice, for example, to describe an organization devoted to an aspect of history, such as the New York Historical Society, which offers a museum and a library. The biography of Abraham Lincoln offered an interesting historical perspective. When considering historic vs. historical, try word association. Remember that historic is usually used to describe specific events; and both historic and specific end in-ic. Meanwhile, historical is used more generally to talk about things related to history; and historical and general both end in-al. See? Not so hard, and definitely not one of the more confusing grammar rules. 28．How does the author introduce the topic in paragraph 2? A．By quoting an expert. B．By telling a story. C．By giving examples. D．By asking questions. 29．Which of the following pairs of words has the similar meanings? A．Flush out vs. flesh out. B．Loose vs. lose. C．Compliment vs. complement. D．Home in vs. honey in. 30．What is the difference between “historic” and “historical” according to the text? A．“Historic” describes events while “historic” describes objects. B．“Historic” means important while “historical” relates to the past. C．“Historic” is for recent events and “historical” is for ancient ones. D．“Historic” is for true stories and “historical” is for personal views. 31．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To discuss the history of “historic” and “historical”. B．To explain the right usage of “historic” and “historical”. C．To argue the grammar focus of “historic” and “historical”. D．To prove the importance of “historic” and “historical”. 【答案】28．D 29．C 30．B 31．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“historic”和“historical”两个易混淆单词的区别、含义及用法，并给出记忆技巧，帮助读者正确使用这两个词。 【详解】28．推理判断题。根据第一段“When a famous political figure gives a noted speech in your town square, is it a historic event or a historical event — or perhaps both? When you’re considering historic vs. historical, are the meanings the same?(当一位著名政治人物在你所在城镇的广场上发表一场著名演讲时，这是一场historic事件还是historical事件 —— 或者两者皆是？当你在区分historic和historical时，它们的意思是一样的吗？)”并结合第二段对包括“historic”和“historical”等易混单词的介绍可知，文章通过提问的方式引出第二段的话题。故选D项。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And what about words with similar meanings, such as compliment vs. complement?(那么含义相似的单词呢，比如compliment和complement？)”可知，compliment和complement是一对含义相似的单词。故选C项。 30．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Over its centuries of use, historic has come to describe something of social or political importance that happened in the past(经过几个世纪的使用，“historic”已经用来描述过去发生的具有社会或政治重要性的事物)”以及第四段中的“Unlike historic, historical does not imply something of particular importance. It simply means that something is relating to history.(与“historic”不同，“historical”并不意味着某事物具有特殊重要性。它仅仅表示某事物与历史有关)”可知，historic强调“具有重要性”，historical强调“与历史相关”。故选B项。 31．推理判断题。通读全文，第一段通过提问引出“historic”和“historical”的区别这一话题；第二段列举其他易混淆单词，说明英语中存在此类易混淆问题；第三、四段分别解释了“historic”和“historical”的含义及用法，并举例说明；第五段给出记忆两个单词用法的技巧。结合全文核心内容，尤其是最后一段“When considering historic vs. historical, try word association. Remember that historic is usually used to describe specific events; and both historic and specific end in-ic. Meanwhile, historical is used more generally to talk about things related to history; and historical and general both end in-al.(在区historic和historical时，可以尝试联想记忆法。记住：historic通常用来描述具体的重大事件，而且historic和 specific（具体的）都以-ic结尾。与此同时，historical更泛指与历史相关的事物，而且historical和 general（笼统的、一般的）都以 -al 结尾)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是解释“historic”和“historical”的正确用法，帮助读者区分并正确使用这两个词。故选B项。 D A new study by developmental scientists at Northwestern University and Harvard University offers the first proof that babies as young as 15 months can identify an object they have learned about from listening to language — even if the object remains hidden. The researchers studied 134 babies, 67 at 12 months and 67 at 15 months in a three-part task. The babies played on the floor while often listening to parents talk about grapes in a conversation about more familiar fruits like apples and bananas. A week later, the researchers presented babies with words they understand, paired with an image of the object, such as apples and bananas, to which it referred. Then, babies heard a new word while the image of a novel object grapes was hidden from their view. Finally, two novel objects grapes and knives appeared and babies were asked, “Where are the grapes?” 15-month-olds, but not 12-month-olds, looked longer at the novel fruit grapes than the novel object knives. Although they had never seen any object paired with that novel word, 15-month-olds could use contextual information to correctly connect new words with unseen objects. “The study shows that even babies who are just beginning to say their first words learn from the language they hear, even if the objects or events being discussed are not present,” senior author Sandra Waxman said. The study provides new information for the developmental origins of the human ability to learn about things that are not perceived (感知). It also begins to address how, and how early, the human mind can create ideas of objects and events never experienced directly. This new work stresses the power of language in babies’ daily lives. The results of the study show that by 15 months, babies naturally use the linguistic (语言的) context in which a new word appears to build a point of its meaning that will support later learning. “When babies hear new words like grapes in a conversation when there are no grapes around, parents don’t waste the opportunity to home in on its meaning,” Waxman said. “We now know this is beneficial to babies’ language learning.” 32．What does the new study focus on? A．What language 15-month-olds can learn. B．How babies practice their learned words. C．Why babies prefer listening to language about objects. D．Whether conversational context helps babies recognize objects. 33．How was the study carried out? A．By measuring babies’ brain waves. B．By comparing babies’ reactions. C．By monitoring babies’ pronunciation. D．By interviewing babies’ parents. 34．What is Waxman’s attitude toward the study results? A．Debatable. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Uncaring. 35．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Practical value of the findings. B．Methods of on-site testing. C．Future direction for the study. D．Disadvantages of the study. 【答案】32．D 33．B 34．C 35．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国西北大学和哈佛大学的发展科学家开展的一项新研究，证实了15个月大的婴儿能借助语言语境识别未见过的隐藏物体，而12个月大的婴儿尚不具备该能力，同时阐述了该研究在婴儿语言学习和认知发展方面的研究价值与现实意义。 【详解】32．细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study by developmental scientists at Northwestern University and Harvard University offers the first proof that babies as young as 15 months can identify an object they have learned about from listening to language — even if the object remains hidden.(美国西北大学和哈佛大学的发展科学家开展的一项新研究首次证实，仅15个月大的婴儿就能识别出他们通过听语言了解到的物体——即使该物体仍处于隐藏状态。)” 以及第三段“Although they had never seen any object paired with that novel word, 15-month-olds could use contextual information to correctly connect new words with unseen objects.(尽管他们从未见过与这个新词配对的物体，但15个月大的婴儿能利用语境信息将新词与未见过的物体正确关联起来。)”可知，该研究的核心是探究对话语境是否能帮助婴儿识别物体。故选D。 33．细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers studied 134 babies, 67 at 12 months and 67 at 15 months in a three-part task.(研究人员以一项包含三个环节的实验，对134名婴儿展开了研究，其中67名为12月龄婴儿，另外67名为15月龄婴儿。)”及关于研究过程的描述以及第三段“15-month-olds, but not 12-month-olds, looked longer at the novel fruit grapes than the novel object knives.(15个月大的婴儿会比12个月大的婴儿更久地注视新奇水果葡萄，而非新奇物品小刀。)”可知，研究人员是通过对比12个月和15个月大的婴儿面对相关物品时的反应来开展研究的。故选B。 34．推理判断题。根据最后一段““When babies hear new words like grapes in a conversation when there are no grapes around, parents don’t waste the opportunity to home in on its meaning,” Waxman said. “We now know this is beneficial to babies’ language learning.”(韦克斯曼说：“当婴儿在周围没有葡萄的对话中听到葡萄这类新词时，父母抓住这个机会讲解词义并非徒劳。我们现在知道，这对婴儿的语言学习是有益的。”)”可知，韦克斯曼认为研究结果证实了相关做法对婴儿语言学习有积极作用，其对研究结果持积极态度。故选C。 35．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“This new work stresses the power of language in babies’ daily lives. The results of the study show that by 15 months, babies naturally use the linguistic context in which a new word appears to build a point of its meaning that will support later learning.(这项新研究强调了语言在婴儿日常生活中的作用。研究结果表明，到15个月大时，婴儿会自然利用新词出现的语言语境来构建其词义认知，这为后续的学习奠定基础。) ”以及韦克斯曼的观点可知，该段主要阐述了这项研究发现的实际应用价值。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). 36 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker. 37 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. 38 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it’s not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 39 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better. For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work,” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. 40 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A．I don’t often use this dictionary. B．It takes no account of the context. C．But I still don’t want to replace them. D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E．Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F．That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G．Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information. 【答案】36．F 37．B 38．E 39．A 40．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者对词典和同义词词典的使用习惯，强调了拼写准确的重要性，并分享了自己选择纸质工具书的原因和使用心得。 【详解】36．由上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). (如果你打算出版的话，提交一份完美、专业的原稿至关重要。)”以及下文“No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. (没有编辑会容忍一个不肯费心正确拼写单词的作家。)”可知，本空要说明“完美原稿”的具体标准，F选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(这意味着良好的语法和无拼写错误。)”承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“good grammar and no spelling mistakes”与上文“perfect, professionally presented manuscript”相呼应，也与下文“spell words correctly”相呼应。故选F。 37．由上文“I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker. (我不相信笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”可知，本空要解释不相信它的原因，B选项“It takes no account of the context. (它不考虑上下文。)”符合题意，该选项中的“It”指代上文的“laptop’s spellchecker”，说明其缺陷，解释了作者不信任的原因。故选B。 38．由下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. (它应该给每个单词一个精确的定义，从而将其与其他意思相似但不完全相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”可知，本空要引出词典除拼写之外的其他功能，E选项“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. (当然，词典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”符合题意，该选项中的“not only for spelling”与下文“precise definition”、“pronounced”等词典的其他功能相呼应。故选E。 39．由下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better. (然而，如果我需要查一个词的起源或查找其用法的例子，没有比它更好的了。)”可知，本空要表达作者对这本词典的使用频率，A选项“I don’t often use this dictionary. (我不常使用这本词典。)”符合题意，该选项与下文“However”引导的转折关系相呼应，说明虽然不常用，但在特定情况下它是最佳选择。故选A。 40．由上文“‘To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work,’ wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ‘dull’. (‘编词典是枯燥的工作，’约翰逊写道，并举例说明了‘枯燥’的一个定义。)”以及下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. (花几分钟浏览一两页会是一种有益的体验。)”可知，本空要表达与“枯燥”相反的观点，D选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. (但阅读词典也可以是一种乐趣。)”符合题意。该选项中的“pleasure”与上文“dull”形成转折，也与下文“rewarding experience”相呼应。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My journey in China began at Yuelu Academy (书院) a decade ago, with a simple goal — to master the Chinese language. However, when I first saw the 41 carved on the ancient stones, I could not read a single one and felt deeply 42 . Some classical texts were so challenging that many foreign students 43 and returned home. I almost quit, too. One rainy evening, after failing another exam, I was packing my bags in a low mood, ready to 44 . Just then, an old teacher saw me. He invited me to take a 45 in his office, and we drank some tea together. “The 46 start leads to the brightest future,” he said. It was these words that gave me the strength to 47 . Later, I attended his lecture on Xunzi. He explained, “Human progress needs everyone’s 48 , not just a few excellent people. Xunzi’s thoughts are still alive today!” Suddenly, I understood that these ancient ideas could solve 49 problems. This discovery lit a fire in my heart. But the road ahead remained 50 . When I decided to study Chinese philosophy (哲学), my Australian friends thought I was 51 . I faced many lonely nights. I remember one winter night in particular. Feeling very tired and 52 my home, I went for a walk across the campus. In the quiet 53 , I could almost imagine the ancient wise thinkers talking around me. Now, I stand 54 in a classroom at Yuelu Academy, teaching Chinese philosophy in fluent Chinese. I often use simple examples, such as comparing my students with players in a basketball team supporting one another. That lost Australian student has now become a 55 , connecting ancient wisdom to the young minds of the future. 41．A．maps B．characters C．plants D．pictures 42．A．lost B．moved C．hurt D．impressed 43．A．fell behind B．went away C．gave up D．came along 44．A．explain B．rest C．leave D．clean 45．A．look B．chance C．breath D．seat 46．A．hardest B．longest C．easiest D．latest 47．A．drink B．continue C．speak D．quit 48．A．credits B．money C．attention D．efforts 49．A．heart B．language C．international D．modern 50．A．straight B．clear C．long D．busy 51．A．crazy B．anxious C．lazy D．awkward 52．A．missing B．imagining C．admiring D．loving 53．A．library B．darkness C．afternoon D．conversation 54．A．carefully B．nervously C．shyly D．confidently 55．A．symbol B．light C．bridge D．site 【答案】 41．B 42．A 43．C 44．C 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．D 50．C 51．A 52．A 53．B 54．D 55．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者十年间在岳麓书院学习中文和哲学，从受挫想放弃到成为讲师传播古智慧的历程。 【详解】41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我第一次看到刻在古石上的文字时，我一个也不认识，心里感到十分迷茫。A. maps地图；B. characters文字，字符；C. plants植物；D. pictures图画。根据前文“to master the Chinese language”以及后文“I could not read a single one”可知，作者的目标是掌握中文，且认不出古石上的内容，由此可知是刻在石上的是中文字符。故选B项。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我第一次看到刻在古石上的文字时，我一个也不认识，心里感到十分迷茫。A. lost迷茫的，不知所措的；B. moved感动的；C. hurt受伤的；D. impressed印象深刻的。根据前文“I could not read a single one”可知，作者面对古石上的中文字符一个都不认识，结合学中文的目标，此时内心是迷茫的。故选A项。 43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一些经典文献难度极大，以至于许多外国学生都放弃了，回国了。A. fell behind落后；B. went away离开；C. gave up放弃；D. came along出现，一起来。根据后文“returned home. I almost quit, too”可知，许多外国学生因经典文献太难回国了，作者也差点放弃，说明这些学生是放弃了中文学习。故选C项。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个雨夜，又一次考试失利后，我心情低落地收拾行李，准备离开。A. explain解释；B. rest休息；C. leave离开；D. clean打扫。根据前文“packing my bags in a low mood”以及前文其他学生放弃回国的内容，可知作者考试失利后收拾行李，是准备像其他学生一样离开，放弃学习。故选C项。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他邀请我在他的办公室坐下，我们一起喝了茶。A. look样子，看；B. chance机会；C. breath呼吸；D. seat座位。根据后文“in his office, and we drank some tea together”可知，老师邀请作者进办公室坐下喝茶。故选D项。 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“最艰难的开始会通向最光明的未来。”A. hardest最艰难的；B. longest最长的；C. easiest最容易的；D. latest最新的。根据前文“One rainy evening, after failing another exam, I was packing my bags in a low mood”可知，作者学习中文的受挫、想放弃的状态，所以老师的这句话是鼓励作者最艰难的开始会通向最光明的未来。故选A项。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是这句话给了我继续坚持下去的力量。A. drink喝；B. continue继续；C. speak说话；D. quit放弃。根据前文“The ____ start leads to the brightest future”以及作者收拾行李准备离开，以及老师的鼓励话语，可知这句话让作者获得了继续学习的力量。故选B项。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他解释道：“人类的进步需要每个人的努力，而不仅仅是少数优秀的人。”A. credits学分，赞扬；B. money金钱；C. attention注意力；D. efforts努力。根据后文“not just a few excellent people”可知，此处强调人类进步不是靠少数优秀者，而是需要所有人的付出。故选D项。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然，我明白了这些古老的思想可以解决现代问题。A. heart内心的；B. language语言的；C. international国际的；D. modern现代的。根据前文“Xunzi’s thoughts are still alive today”可知，荀子的思想至今仍有生命力，由此可推知古老思想能解决当下的、现代的问题，与“still alive today”相呼应。故选D项。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但前方的道路依然漫长。A. straight直的；B. clear清晰的；C. long漫长的；D. busy忙碌的。根据后文“When I decided to study Chinese philosophy (哲学), my Australian friends thought I was ____. I faced many lonely nights.”可知，作者面临朋友的不理解、孤独的夜晚等经历，即便领悟了古思想的意义，学习和研究的道路依旧不好走，是漫长的。故选C项。 51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我决定学习中国哲学时，我的澳大利亚朋友都觉得我疯了。A. crazy疯狂的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. lazy懒惰的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据前文“When I decided to study Chinese philosophy (哲学)”可知，作者原本的目标是掌握中文，后又决定学习中国哲学，结合外国友人的视角，可知朋友无法理解这个决定，觉得作者的做法很疯狂。故选A项。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我感到疲惫不堪，思念家乡，于是在校园里散步。A. missing思念，想念；B. imagining想象；C. admiring钦佩，欣赏；D. loving热爱。根据前文“I faced many lonely nights”以及后文“my home”可知，作者身处异国，度过了许多孤独的夜晚，此时感到疲惫，自然会思念家乡。故选A项。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在寂静的夜色中，我几乎能想象到古代的智者们在我身边交谈。A. library图书馆；B. darkness黑暗，夜色；C. afternoon下午；D. conversation对话。根据前文“one winter night”可知，作者是在冬夜外出散步，因此此时身处的是寂静的夜色中。故选B项。 54．考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，我自信地站在岳麓书院的教室里，用流利的中文讲授中国哲学。A. carefully小心地；B. nervously紧张地；C. shyly害羞地；D. confidently自信地。根据后文“teaching Chinese philosophy in fluent Chinese”可知，作者如今能流利地用中文讲中国哲学，与最初连古文字符都不认识的迷茫状态形成对比，此时是自信地站在讲台上。故选D项。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个曾经迷茫的澳大利亚学生，如今成了一座桥梁，将古老的智慧与未来的年轻心灵连接起来。A. symbol象征；B. light光，希望；C. bridge桥梁；D. site地点。根据后文“connecting ancient wisdom to the young minds of the future”可知，此处指作者成为连接古智慧和年轻一代的桥梁。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Studies suggest that 56 number of people who are taking Chinese courses abroad, including those with Chinese backgrounds, has reached over 100 million. This is because Chinese is seen as a major tool with 57 people can communicate and do business both in China and in other countries. For foreign 58 (company) wanting to do business in China, they can have a huge advantage over their competitors if they can master the Chinese language. The increasing popularity of the Chinese language has led 59 the introduction of a variety of teaching programs and classes in some countries. Some say even baby-sitters in New York who are able to speak Chinese are 60 (well) paid than others. The growing number of people in other countries who have a strong wish 61 (learn)Chinese can be partly the result of their love for Chinese cultures. That perhaps also explains why 62 (tradition) Chinese cultures, from kung fu films and Chinese calligraphy to such ancient works as The Analects(论语) of Confucius and Sun Tzu’s The Art of War, 63 (win) so many “diehard fans” in other countries. Jim Rogers, a Wall Street tycoon (大亨), once at a conference played for the other participants a video of his daughter 64 (read) aloud a classical Chinese poem. Just as he says, whether you like it 65 not, Chinese will be the most important language in the 21st century. 【答案】 56．the 57．which 58．companies 59．to 60．better 61．to learn 62．traditional 63．have won 64．reading 65．or 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了汉语在全球的流行及其原因和影响。 【详解】56．考查冠词。句意：研究表明，在国外上中文课程的人数，包括有中文背景的人，已经超过1亿。根据句意可知，此处表示“……的数量”，应用固定短语the number of。故填the。 57．考查定语从句。句意：这是因为汉语被视为一种主要工具，人们可以用它在中国和其他国家进行交流和做生意。空处引导定语从句，先行词是a major tool，在从句中作介词with的宾语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 58．考查名词复数。句意：对于那些想在中国做生意的外国公司来说，如果他们能掌握汉语，就能比竞争对手拥有巨大的优势。company“公司”为可数名词，根据空后their competitors可知，空处名词需用复数。故填companies。 59．考查介词。句意：汉语越来越受欢迎，导致一些国家引入了各种教学项目和课程。此处需用固定短语lead to“导致”，所以空处需用介词to。故填to。 60．考查副词比较级。句意：有人说，即使是会说中文的纽约保姆，也比其他人薪水更高。根据空后than可知，空处需用副词well的比较级better。故填better。 61．考查非谓语动词。句意：其他国家越来越多的人有强烈的愿望学习汉语，这在一定程度上可能是他们热爱中国文化的结果。“have a strong wish to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“有强烈的愿望做某事”，用不定式作后置定语。故填to learn。 62．考查形容词。句意：这或许也可以解释为什么从功夫电影和中国书法，到《论语》和《孙子兵法》等古代作品，中国传统文化在其他国家赢得了如此多的“铁杆粉丝”。空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词cultures，tradition的形容词为traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。 63．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意同上。空处为句子的谓语动词，根据语境可知，此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，所以句子需用现在完成时态：have/has done，主语是复数cultures，所以空处助动词需用have。故填have won。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：华尔街大亨吉姆·罗杰斯曾在一次会议上为其他与会者播放了一段视频，视频中他的女儿大声朗读一首中国古典诗歌。分析句子结构可知，空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词daughter，空处动词和名词daughter之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作后置定语。故填reading。 65．考查固定搭配。句意：正如他所说，不管你喜欢与否，汉语都将是21世纪最重要的语言。根据空后or not可知，此处需用固定搭配whether...or not“不管……与否”。故填or。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 对于高中学生而言，英语学习的方法非常重要。请结合自身英语学习情况，写一篇短文，分享一下自己的学习方法。写作内容：自己在学习英语时比较有效的方法；说明具体的做法。 注意：词数100左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 As a high school student, I consider English a very important subject. In order to learn it well, apart from English class, I took an active part in English corner and other after-class English activities, which benefit me a lot. In English corner, I meet many friends, who share the same interest with me. Besides, sometimes, some foreigners are glad to join us. By talking with them, my oral English improved a lot. I also find it useful to keep English diaries. As the saying goes, practice makes perfect. Only by practicing will we make more progress. Finally, some good English study websites contribute a lot to my improvement. Through these websites, I can read some classic English passages, poems and stories. What’s more, I can learn some learning skills and methodologies, which play an important role in my study process. All in all, every road leads to Rome, but I believe hard work pays off. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文。要求考生结合自身学英语的经历介绍一下学习英语的方法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→delighted 有用的：useful→ beneficial 重要的：important→significant 除……外：apart from→ other than 2.句型拓展 陈述句变强调句 原句：Finally, some good English study websites contribute a lot to my improvement. 拓展句：Finally, it is some good English study websites that contribute a lot to my improvement. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In order to learn it well, apart from English class, I took an active part in English corner and other after-class English activities, which benefit me a lot.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Only by practicing will we make more progress.（运用了部分倒装） 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 Peter woke up early in the morning. He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast as quickly as possible. “Why are you in such a hurry, early bird?” Mum asked him. “We will have an English spelling test today, Mum,” Peter said. “Mr. White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100 scores. I’ve been studying the word list since last week. Although the words are difficult, I am well prepared for them.” Peter reviewed the spelling of each word once more carefully when Dad drove him to school. At last, it was time for the students to have a test. “Responsibility,” Mr. White started. Peter wrote it on his test paper quickly and confidently. “The second word: contribution,” Mr. White said. “So easy,” Peter thought. He quickly wrote the word down. Thirty words later, the test papers were collected by Mr. White. “I am to mark your papers now,” he told the class. After marking the test papers, Mr. White said, “Three of you won a prize today for excellent test scores. Peter, David and Mary got full marks on the spelling test!” Mr. White praised them. Meanwhile, he gave the three students each a dictionary. Peter’s was an English-Chinese dictionary—the one he liked best. Peter was so excited that he held it high when his classmates cheered. “This is my happiest moment,” Peter thought. After Mr. White gave the test paper back, Peter had a look at the words, feeling proud of his spelling. All of a sudden, the word “contribusion” confused him. It didn’t seem right. Peter began to compare them after taking out the word list. “C-O-N-T-R-I-B-U-S-I-O-N,” he whispered. He spelled it wrong. “What am I to do?” Peter said to himself. “I expect my classmates to think I’m a master at spelling. If I tell Mr. White one of my spelling words is wrong, I’ll have to give my prize back, or I will become an example for telling a lie.” Staring at the full marks written on his test paper, Peter was lost in thought. After a while, he remembered a lesson Mum used to teach him, “We ought to be an honest person.” Paragraph1: Slowly,Peter raised his hand. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph2: Peter looked around. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: Slowly, Peter raised his hand. “Mr. White, I didn’t get full marks on the test. I made a mistake.” He stood up and handed his teacher the dictionary he liked best and his test paper, “I spelled contribution with ’s-i’ instead of ‘t-i’. ”Peter could feel his classmates looking at him with surprise as he walked back to his desk. Mr. White held up Peter’s testpaper. “Class,” he said, “Peter did something even more important than spelling every word correctly on a test.” Mr. White smiled at Peter, “He taught us all a lesson on being honest.”Paragraph 2: Peter looked around. He found many of his classmates were smiling at him. “Peter, I want you to have this dictionary because you set a good example for all of us,” Mr. White said. Peter took the dictionary from his teacher and expressed his thanks to Mr. White. Meanwhile, he couldn’t wait to show it to Mum and tell her one of his best days ever. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了彼得在英语拼写测试中得了一百分，老师奖给他一本他最喜欢的英汉词典，他很高兴，但老师把试卷还给他后，他发现自己拼错了单词，自己没资格得奖，他陷入了是否说出真相的两难境地，最后他想起了妈妈的话：“我们应该做一个诚实的人。” 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“彼得慢慢地举起了手。”可知，第一段可描写彼得坦白事实，得到了老师的谅解。 ②由第二段首句内容“彼得环顾四周”可知，第二段可描写同学对彼得的态度以及老师奖励了他的诚实。 2.续写线索：举手坦白——老师谅解——同学认可——得到奖励——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 递给：hand/pass on 表达：express/extend 拥有：have /possess 情绪类 惊讶：with surprise /surprisedly 最好：best/greatest 【点睛】[高分句型1] Peter could feel his classmates looking at him with surprise as he walked back to his desk. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Peter, I want you to have this dictionary because you set a good example for all of us .(运用了because引导原因状语从句) 2 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2026-2027学年高一英语必修第一册单元测试（山东专用） Unit 2·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 测试范围：必修第一册。 4. 难度系数：0.65。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 英语听力部分：该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 请看听力部分第一节，第一节，听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1．Where will the woman probably go for her holiday? A．The seaside. B．The countryside. C．The capital city. 2．Which communication skill does the man probably need to work on? A．Body language. B．Active listening. C．Public speaking. 3．What does the woman suggest the man do? A Learn to play music.        B．Teach English with songs.        C． Give George music lessons. 4．What does the woman mean? A．The dog will sleep well. B．The dog is still sick. C．The dog won’t bark. 5．What does the woman think of the English corner last night? A．Interesting. B．Annoying. C．Relaxing. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 第一节到此结束，第二节，听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6．What appeals to the man most about the competition? A．Making some new friends. B．Enjoying the cultural performance. C．Exchanging experiences in learning Chinese. 7．When will the speakers arrive in Sri Lanka? A．On May 31st. B．On June 1st. C．On June 2nd. 听第7段录音，回答第8-10题。 8．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A language class. B．A song. C．A book. 9．What happened to the woman in the story? A．She married someone else. B．Her husband came back. C．She stayed alone. 10．Who probably could speak Farsi? A．The woman’s mother. B．The woman. C．The man. 听第8段录音，回答第11-13题。 11．Why does the woman study Russian? A．She’s interested in it. B．She wants to make more friends. C．She’s going abroad. 12．What does the woman find difficult in learning Russian? A．Pronunciation. B．Vocabulary. C．Grammar. 13．What does the man advise the woman to do? A．Read Russian aloud. B．Do grammar practice and reflect. C．Memorize the words. 听第9段录音，回答第14-17题。 14．What does Mr. Hunt find difficult in learning French? A．Understanding native speakers. B．Remembering new words. C．Learning grammar rules. 15．How does Mr. Hunt learn French? A．By reading books. B．By listening to tapes. C．By attending classes. 16．What does Mr. Hunt think of his method? A．Boring. B．Useless. C．Interesting. 17．What does the woman suggest Mr. Hunt do? A．Use the language. B．Practice reading aloud. C．Go abroad for further study. 听第10段录音，回答第18-20题。 18．What do most people think is very important in spoken communication? A．Pronunciation. B．Vocabulary. C．Grammar. 19．Why should you listen to experts according to the speaker? A．To develop your reading fluency. B．To improve your note-taking skills. C．To find out your mispronunciation. 20．What is the speaker’s last suggestion? A．Spell out the difficult words. B．Check the words in a dictionary. C．Practice reading the words aloud. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A When choosing the right language programme, consider your goals. If you are learning for fun, find out which language interests you the most. If you’re learning a new language for a job, research the opportunities that will prepare you for your field of interest. Here are several ways to start learning a new language today. Courses Taking a language course is a great first step in exploring a new language in which you’re interested. Most courses take a few weeks and are free of cost. Certifications (证书) Getting a certification in a new language may help you show your skills to future employers or clients. Programme length varies but can last a few weeks to a few months. Executive (高管) education programmes When you have little spare time, executive education programmes offer you the opportunity to learn a new language while also meeting your schedule. These programmes are best for managers or hopefuls willing to upskill in their field. Degrees Bachelor’s (学士的) and master’s (硕士的) degrees in language studies provide the final understanding and path to fluency in a language in which you’re interested. Bachelor’s programmes typically take four years of full-time study to complete, while a master’s usually takes two years. A doctorate can take 4-7 years to complete. 21．Which of the following is the best for managers with little spare time? A．Taking a language course. B．Getting a certification. C．Executive education programme. D．Bachelor’s programme. 22．How long will it take to get a master’s degree in language studies? A．One year. B．Two years. C．Four years. D．Seven years. 23．In which part of a magazine can we find the text? A．Nature. B．Science. C．Technology. D．Education. B “¿Est á is listos?” That was our Spanish teacher’s opening question on the first day of night school. We met it with blank, puzzled faces until he translated: “Are you ready?” Relieved, we all smiled and nodded a yes. “Sí, estamos listos,” we replied, ready to begin. After being asked to make a self-introduction, the guy sitting next to me said, “Estoy enamorado” (I am in love). Everyone burst into laughter and we all relaxed a bit. Someone else said “Estoy cansada” (I am tired) and so on. Well, I was frightened. I kept hoping the teacher wouldn’t ask me anything because I had no vocabulary and grammar. So, I decided that beginner Spanish was right level for me. I worked hard to take in vocabulary and grammar. Three years later, I registered in Intermediate Spanish Conversation class. The memory work of grammar training was replaced by spontaneous (自发的) dialogue. As homework for the second conversation class, a short presentation about a book and answering questions were required. No problem, I’ve given many presentations. But during the question-and-answer part, I faltered. Words escaped me, verb tenses mixed up, and French phrases slipped out. I felt exposed and anxious, reduced to simple sentences. Then, I made a conscious decision to stop struggling for perfection and simply asked for help. Immediately, my classmates offered the words I needed, and the teacher skillfully guided me. I took a deep breath and realized no one was judging me; Everyone was supportive. I had initially viewed language learning as a purely intellectual pursuit. Now, I see it as a form of creation — it demands courage and creativity. True communication is not about perfect performance, but about sincere human connection. Am I ready to continue this journey? “Sí, estoy lista.” 24．What did the author do to learn beginner Spanish? A．He asked his classmates for help. B．He worked hard to learn words and grammar. C．He practiced speaking Spanish with his teacher. D．He read Spanish books to improve his reading skills. 25．How did the author feel when receiving the homework? A．Excited. B．Confused. C．Anxious. D．Confident. 26．What does the underlined word “faltered” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Shouted. B．Improved. C．Hesitated. D．Continued 27．What did the author finally realize? A．Learning a language is easy. B．Creation is the best way to learn. C．Making friends is the key to success. D．Connection is more important than perfection. C When a famous political figure gives a noted speech in your town square, is it a historic event or a historical event — or perhaps both? When you’re considering historic vs. historical, are the meanings the same? The difference between historic and historical can be subtle, and English presents us with such subtly confusing issues like words or phrases that sound similar but are not the same, such as flush out vs. flesh out, home in vs. honey in and loose vs. lose. And what about words with similar meanings, such as compliment vs. complement? It can seem like a lot to remember, but if you take things step by step and keep some basic tips in mind, you’ll confidently make those word choices — with historic vs. historical and other language issues too. What does historic mean? Is historic a word you’re using wrong? Over its centuries of use, historic has come to describe something of social or political importance that happened in the past, such as the political speech we mentioned above, or the Gettysburg Address. Martin Luther King’s “I Have a Dream” speech is understood as a historic address. What does historical mean? Unlike historic, historical does not imply something of particular importance. It simply means that something is relating to history. Historical would be the choice, for example, to describe an organization devoted to an aspect of history, such as the New York Historical Society, which offers a museum and a library. The biography of Abraham Lincoln offered an interesting historical perspective. When considering historic vs. historical, try word association. Remember that historic is usually used to describe specific events; and both historic and specific end in-ic. Meanwhile, historical is used more generally to talk about things related to history; and historical and general both end in-al. See? Not so hard, and definitely not one of the more confusing grammar rules. 28．How does the author introduce the topic in paragraph 2? A．By quoting an expert. B．By telling a story. C．By giving examples. D．By asking questions. 29．Which of the following pairs of words has the similar meanings? A．Flush out vs. flesh out. B．Loose vs. lose. C．Compliment vs. complement. D．Home in vs. honey in. 30．What is the difference between “historic” and “historical” according to the text? A．“Historic” describes events while “historic” describes objects. B．“Historic” means important while “historical” relates to the past. C．“Historic” is for recent events and “historical” is for ancient ones. D．“Historic” is for true stories and “historical” is for personal views. 31．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To discuss the history of “historic” and “historical”. B．To explain the right usage of “historic” and “historical”. C．To argue the grammar focus of “historic” and “historical”. D．To prove the importance of “historic” and “historical”. D A new study by developmental scientists at Northwestern University and Harvard University offers the first proof that babies as young as 15 months can identify an object they have learned about from listening to language — even if the object remains hidden. The researchers studied 134 babies, 67 at 12 months and 67 at 15 months in a three-part task. The babies played on the floor while often listening to parents talk about grapes in a conversation about more familiar fruits like apples and bananas. A week later, the researchers presented babies with words they understand, paired with an image of the object, such as apples and bananas, to which it referred. Then, babies heard a new word while the image of a novel object grapes was hidden from their view. Finally, two novel objects grapes and knives appeared and babies were asked, “Where are the grapes?” 15-month-olds, but not 12-month-olds, looked longer at the novel fruit grapes than the novel object knives. Although they had never seen any object paired with that novel word, 15-month-olds could use contextual information to correctly connect new words with unseen objects. “The study shows that even babies who are just beginning to say their first words learn from the language they hear, even if the objects or events being discussed are not present,” senior author Sandra Waxman said. The study provides new information for the developmental origins of the human ability to learn about things that are not perceived (感知). It also begins to address how, and how early, the human mind can create ideas of objects and events never experienced directly. This new work stresses the power of language in babies’ daily lives. The results of the study show that by 15 months, babies naturally use the linguistic (语言的) context in which a new word appears to build a point of its meaning that will support later learning. “When babies hear new words like grapes in a conversation when there are no grapes around, parents don’t waste the opportunity to home in on its meaning,” Waxman said. “We now know this is beneficial to babies’ language learning.” 32．What does the new study focus on? A．What language 15-month-olds can learn. B．How babies practice their learned words. C．Why babies prefer listening to language about objects. D．Whether conversational context helps babies recognize objects. 33．How was the study carried out? A．By measuring babies’ brain waves. B．By comparing babies’ reactions. C．By monitoring babies’ pronunciation. D．By interviewing babies’ parents. 34．What is Waxman’s attitude toward the study results? A．Debatable. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Uncaring. 35．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Practical value of the findings. B．Methods of on-site testing. C．Future direction for the study. D．Disadvantages of the study. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). 36 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker. 37 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. 38 It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it’s not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 39 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better. For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work,” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. 40 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A．I don’t often use this dictionary. B．It takes no account of the context. C．But I still don’t want to replace them. D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E．Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F．That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G．Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My journey in China began at Yuelu Academy (书院) a decade ago, with a simple goal — to master the Chinese language. However, when I first saw the 41 carved on the ancient stones, I could not read a single one and felt deeply 42 . Some classical texts were so challenging that many foreign students 43 and returned home. I almost quit, too. One rainy evening, after failing another exam, I was packing my bags in a low mood, ready to 44 . Just then, an old teacher saw me. He invited me to take a 45 in his office, and we drank some tea together. “The 46 start leads to the brightest future,” he said. It was these words that gave me the strength to 47 . Later, I attended his lecture on Xunzi. He explained, “Human progress needs everyone’s 48 , not just a few excellent people. Xunzi’s thoughts are still alive today!” Suddenly, I understood that these ancient ideas could solve 49 problems. This discovery lit a fire in my heart. But the road ahead remained 50 . When I decided to study Chinese philosophy (哲学), my Australian friends thought I was 51 . I faced many lonely nights. I remember one winter night in particular. Feeling very tired and 52 my home, I went for a walk across the campus. In the quiet 53 , I could almost imagine the ancient wise thinkers talking around me. Now, I stand 54 in a classroom at Yuelu Academy, teaching Chinese philosophy in fluent Chinese. I often use simple examples, such as comparing my students with players in a basketball team supporting one another. That lost Australian student has now become a 55 , connecting ancient wisdom to the young minds of the future. 41．A．maps B．characters C．plants D．pictures 42．A．lost B．moved C．hurt D．impressed 43．A．fell behind B．went away C．gave up D．came along 44．A．explain B．rest C．leave D．clean 45．A．look B．chance C．breath D．seat 46．A．hardest B．longest C．easiest D．latest 47．A．drink B．continue C．speak D．quit 48．A．credits B．money C．attention D．efforts 49．A．heart B．language C．international D．modern 50．A．straight B．clear C．long D．busy 51．A．crazy B．anxious C．lazy D．awkward 52．A．missing B．imagining C．admiring D．loving 53．A．library B．darkness C．afternoon D．conversation 54．A．carefully B．nervously C．shyly D．confidently 55．A．symbol B．light C．bridge D．site 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 Studies suggest that 56 number of people who are taking Chinese courses abroad, including those with Chinese backgrounds, has reached over 100 million. This is because Chinese is seen as a major tool with 57 people can communicate and do business both in China and in other countries. For foreign 58 (company) wanting to do business in China, they can have a huge advantage over their competitors if they can master the Chinese language. The increasing popularity of the Chinese language has led 59 the introduction of a variety of teaching programs and classes in some countries. Some say even baby-sitters in New York who are able to speak Chinese are 60 (well) paid than others. The growing number of people in other countries who have a strong wish 61 (learn)Chinese can be partly the result of their love for Chinese cultures. That perhaps also explains why 62 (tradition) Chinese cultures, from kung fu films and Chinese calligraphy to such ancient works as The Analects(论语) of Confucius and Sun Tzu’s The Art of War, 63 (win) so many “diehard fans” in other countries. Jim Rogers, a Wall Street tycoon (大亨), once at a conference played for the other participants a video of his daughter 64 (read) aloud a classical Chinese poem. Just as he says, whether you like it 65 not, Chinese will be the most important language in the 21st century. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 对于高中学生而言，英语学习的方法非常重要。请结合自身英语学习情况，写一篇短文，分享一下自己的学习方法。写作内容：自己在学习英语时比较有效的方法；说明具体的做法。 注意：词数100左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 Peter woke up early in the morning. He went downstairs in a hurry and started to have his breakfast as quickly as possible. “Why are you in such a hurry, early bird?” Mum asked him. “We will have an English spelling test today, Mum,” Peter said. “Mr. White promised to offer prizes to those who get 100 scores. I’ve been studying the word list since last week. Although the words are difficult, I am well prepared for them.” Peter reviewed the spelling of each word once more carefully when Dad drove him to school. At last, it was time for the students to have a test. “Responsibility,” Mr. White started. Peter wrote it on his test paper quickly and confidently. “The second word: contribution,” Mr. White said. “So easy,” Peter thought. He quickly wrote the word down. Thirty words later, the test papers were collected by Mr. White. “I am to mark your papers now,” he told the class. After marking the test papers, Mr. White said, “Three of you won a prize today for excellent test scores. Peter, David and Mary got full marks on the spelling test!” Mr. White praised them. Meanwhile, he gave the three students each a dictionary. Peter’s was an English-Chinese dictionary—the one he liked best. Peter was so excited that he held it high when his classmates cheered. “This is my happiest moment,” Peter thought. After Mr. White gave the test paper back, Peter had a look at the words, feeling proud of his spelling. All of a sudden, the word “contribusion” confused him. It didn’t seem right. Peter began to compare them after taking out the word list. “C-O-N-T-R-I-B-U-S-I-O-N,” he whispered. He spelled it wrong. “What am I to do?” Peter said to himself. “I expect my classmates to think I’m a master at spelling. If I tell Mr. White one of my spelling words is wrong, I’ll have to give my prize back, or I will become an example for telling a lie.” Staring at the full marks written on his test paper, Peter was lost in thought. After a while, he remembered a lesson Mum used to teach him, “We ought to be an honest person.” Paragraph1: Slowly,Peter raised his hand. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph2: Peter looked around. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第7页（共8页） 试题 第8页（共8页） 试题 第5页（共8页） 试题 第6页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $