Unit 2 Exploring English 单元检测 -2025-2026学年外研版高中英语必修第一册

Unit 2　Exploring English (考查范围：Unit 2　时间：100分钟　分值：120分) Ⅰ. 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A English 4 Professionals Walk and Talk English Communicate Fluently & Effectively in English The Cities Are My Classrooms！ Why spend your time in a classroom when you can invest your time studying during breakfast or dinner? And why stay inside in the afternoon when you can study by the beach or in a car？That's right. That's the way we teach. Walk and Talk English & Eat and Drink English！ Are you considering new challenges? Would you like to take your English to the next level with our in-house methods that are highly effective, yet relaxing and fun? How about spending your vacation time studying English during a delicious breakfast, or during lunch in a historical restaurant, or at night from a sky room as you enjoy views of London or Dublin? You could be sitting comfortably inside or in front of a palace or castle, drinking coffee or tea while you study. Why not？ What is your greatest challenge with the English language? Get in touch with us and let us know your difficulty as well as your goals in life. It is essential that the solution we offer also fits in well with your personality, mindset, objectives with English, your available time to travel, and your family commitments. We recommend continuous learning with some famous universities like Oxford, Cambridge. Lastly, your holiday in Europe, as well as your experiences with the English language and your travels to different cities, should have that “Wow！” factor that helps you to remember your holiday forever. 1. What is the writing purpose of this passage? A．To advertise for the English programme. B．To inform you of the chance to learn English. C．To highlight the importance of learning English. D．To explain the process of learning effective English. 2. What does English 4 Professionals promise to offer? A．A relaxing learning experience beyond classrooms. B．A cultural learning experience throughout the world. C．A tourism learning experience made for your family members. D．An individualised learning experience designed for your whole life. 3. Where will you probably study if you sign up for the programme? A．On Wenlock Road in Italy. B．In a historical restaurant in England. C．On the Oxford campus playground. D．In a traditional palace near your home. B As the daughter of immigrants (移民), Chanthaphone's primary language at home was Lao. At 5, she learned to speak English. But she didn't know how to read and write—let alone how to fit in at school or communicate with classmates. Mrs Lewis, Chanthaphone's second-grade teacher, changed everything. She taught her students that it was OK if they did not know English and it was all right for them to use words in their home language to explain how they were feeling and thinking. Chanthaphone felt more and more confident and wanted to do what her teacher did in the future. Now, at 26, Chanthaphone is an English teacher at Fort Worth ISDs William Monnig Middle School. Like Mrs Lewis, Chanthaphone aims to help her non-English-speaking students to gain the confidence they need to realise their potential (潜力) in life. At the beginning of each school year, Chanthaphone shares her story with her new classes. She tells them she knows what it feels like not to want to participate in class or raise her hand. She reminds them that she once sat in their seat and felt different because of her upbringing. But she stresses that's what makes each of them special. Her students, though, are usually not persuaded. She has to take out photos of her graduating college and tell them about her parents and what her school was like. Then it finally clicks. In the classroom, Chanthaphone allows students to communicate in whichever way they feel most comfortable. For some, it may be raising their hands and voicing their thoughts. For others, it may be writing their thoughts on a piece of paper and handing it to Chanthaphone. However, Chanthaphone does encourage her students to go out of their comfort zone. She wants them to work with students they don't know because teamwork and collaboration (协作) with unfamiliar people is important. “I've always wanted to be the teacher who supported students and advocated for them in and outside of the classroom，” Chanthaphone said. “When I get notes or see posts from parents talking about previous teachers, including me, I feel like my goal has been completed.” 4. What do you know about Mrs Lewis? A．She is inspiring. B．She is ambitious. C．She is knowledgeable. D．She is demanding. 5. Why does Chanthaphone tell her schooling experience to her new students? A．To push the students to voice their thoughts. B．To make herself well known to her students. C．To make a good beginning of her class. D．To encourage her students to be confident. 6. What does Chanthaphone focus on in the classroom? A．Students' strong curiosity. B．Students' mental health. C．Students' communicating ability. D．Students' unique talent. 7. Which can be the best title for the text? A．You Are the Only One B．I Was Once like You C．No One Can Say No to You D．Hard Work Pays Off C Arseny Moskvichev dreams of the day he can have a meaningful conversation with artificial intelligence. But the problem is that Large Language Models (LLMs) are complete amnesiacs. “Even the most advanced chatbots can only process about 16，000 words of text within a prompt (提示框) when in conversation with a human user，” says the cognitive and computer scientist. “They only have so much context they can attend to. If you're out of this context, they forget everything you spoke about with them. And they can't connect the information they receive during different ‘conversations’ with a human, or build a storyline.” To help chatbots improve their comprehension of the deep complexities (复杂性) of context, Moskvichev and his colleagues are teaching them to read novels, the way we might learn to read them in high school literature classes. The act of reading a novel might seem like an entertaining (娱乐的) pastime, but it requires intelligence. We use memory and complex comprehension to follow multiple characters through plots, scene changes, and narrative. The average novel averages around 80，000 words. All those words gradually build a story we hold and examine in our minds. But such skills are currently out of reach to LLMs, which can process text but cannot be said to read the way we do. Moskvichev and his group built a new database from 1，500 books. They train LLMs in reading comprehension by having the AI read a book in the database, analysing long stretches of text, then asking it to find a correct scene summary from a pool of options. As a training tool, the database offers more than a million questions for LLMs to practise on. However, to accurately summarise a book requires someone to read it, and design the training questions. “It's very expensive to collect a data set of this type，” Moskvichev says. It is here that the scientists showed their power of creative imagination—they got an artificial intelligence model to summarise short book sections. It is an example of a machine being used to train a more powerful machine. While Moskvichev and his group have found the LLMs still make mistakes about half of the time, they have observed significant improvement in trained LLM performance versus untrained. “There's still room for improvement，” Moskvichev says. 8. What does the underlined word “amnesiacs” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．People who tend to forget things. B．People who are poor at giving a speech. C．People who stick to one's own opinion. D．People who have trouble analysing texts. 9. What can we infer from Paragraph 2? A．What is related to humans and AI needs deep comprehension. B．What matters to AI may be of the same importance for humans. C．What humans do to relax themselves can be a big trouble for AI. D．What humans and AI share may be some seemingly simple skills. 10. For Moskvichev and his group, what is the challenge of building training tools for chatbots? A．Raising narrative ability. B．Seeking suitable novels. C．Designing training tools. D．Finding human resources. 11. What is Moskvichev's attitude towards LLMs' future? A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Worried. D．Changing. D As an English teacher, I found that English slang (俚语) can be more difficult for those who learn English as a second language to understand. This became clear when I was talking to one of my students, Cathy, in Japan. “Excuse me, Miss White. I want to go to buy a notebook outside the school.” “It's bucketing outside，” I said. It is an English slang expression which means “It is raining.” However, she didn't seem to understand what I said. The point I'm trying to get across is that being puzzled about English slang in the beginning is rather natural because it is what makes the language special. But learning some slang is a fantastic way of understanding the culture of a country. English does have some interesting slang. Here is some of my favourite slang which is common in Northern Ireland. To keel over: If someone keels over, it basically means that he/she has fallen over because he/she has passed out or died. To be in bed with your head: This is used to describe someone who has gone to bed because he/she has a headache. To upset the apple cart: This means that someone has caused trouble or upset someone's plans. Dead on: This means “exactly right”，“perfect”，or shows that someone agrees with what you've said. Slang can be difficult to learn but it's really impressive when you get it right! Slang also helps you sound friendly, so it's great for making friends. If you can use some of these English expressions in a conversation, people will be amazed! 12. How did Cathy feel when the author said “It's bucketing outside.”？ A．She was unhappy. B．She was surprised. C．She was worried. D．She was puzzled. 13. What does the author think of English slang according to Paragraph 2? A．It tells us the history of a country. B．It is created by language teachers. C．It shows the culture of a country. D．It is used to impress foreigners. 14. What could you say if someone says “Does the word mean ‘elevator’？” A．I keel over. B．You're dead on. C．You upset the apple cart. D．I'm in bed with my head. 15. In which part of a newspaper can we read this text? A．Culture. B．Science. C．Travel. D．Lifestyle. Ⅱ. 七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Simple Ways to Improve Your Written English Many people think it is really difficult to improve their writing in English. Don't worry, though. Here are some simple steps that you can take to improve your written English. Increase your vocabulary. To express yourself clearly, you need a good active vocabulary. That's not just being able to know lots of words—it means actually being able to use them correctly. 　16　 Tip: When you learn a new word, try to learn all the forms of that word. 　17　 People often say that we learn to write best by reading. Reading in English is useful in many ways. It is a great way to get an idea of the different styles of writing and see how to use words properly. Tip: 　18　 Learning shouldn't be boring. Read each text several times to make sure you understand how to use new words and expressions in the text. Improve your grammar. Grammar is very important because it improves the quality of your writing. Tip: 　19　 The first time, look for general mistakes and the second time look for mistakes with the grammar point you are studying at the moment. Just do it! The best way to improve your writing is to get a pen and paper and write. Be prepared to write several versions (版本) of each text. 　20　 A．Know your readers. B．Read widely and often. C．Always check your writing twice. D．Remember, practice makes perfect! E．Choose books or articles that interest you. F．Use simpler language and shorter sentences to show your ideas. G．Do this by learning new words with example sentences, not just word lists. Ⅲ. 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) One year my children came home from school asking where we were going on the summer vacation. I couldn't 　21　 to take them anywhere but I didn't want to tell them that so I just said, “It's a surprise！” They were 　22　． I called several amusement 　23　 to see if there was a half-price event during the summer but no such 　24　. I tried everything, with no success, so I called some of the other mums to find that most were in the same situation that I was. We decided to 　25　 something fun for our kids to do. We had a meeting, all five of us, and 　26　 what is now called a “playcation”． One mother was a 　27　，so on Mondays the kids would all go to her house. They would play games using plants and 　28　. They also planted vegetables and 　29　 them grow over the summer. Another mother had novel readings on Tuesdays. She asked some questions about the novels. The kid who answered 　30　 got a penny, which they all turned in at the end to buy their goodie bags (礼品袋). At our house on Wednesdays, I made 　31　 obstacle training with my spare tires. The kids also walked a balance beam and raced through large cardboard boxes taped together. On 　32　 they had arts and crafts across the street. Fridays were 　33　 by a wonderful single dad with a metal detector (金属探测器) who took everyone out to play treasure 　34　． The summer was a big 　35　. The kids didn't miss anything. My son actually asked me, “Can we do this again next year？” 21.A．sacrifice B．offer C．select D．afford 22.A．disappointed B．satisfied C．shocked D．delighted 23.A．schools B．shops C．parks D．libraries 24.A．hope B．luck C．attitude D．hobby 25.A．come up with B．face up to C．look forward to D．step away from 26.A．discovered B．enjoyed C．created D．controlled 27.A．teacher B．doctor C．gardener D．grocer 28.A．books B．vegetables C．sweets D．toys 29.A．guessed B．watched C．affected D．felt 30.A．easily B．patiently C．correctly D．hurriedly 31.A．indoor B．outdoor C．mountain D．speech 32.A．Thursdays B．Saturdays C．Sundays D．Mondays 33.A．hosted B．forced C．avoided D．forbidden 34.A．hiding B．making C．hunting D．donating 35.A．failure B．challenge C．business D．success Ⅳ. 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) Shaolin Temple, famous for its martial arts, hosted 101 Russian visitors for a training programme. The year of 2024 36. (mark) the ninth such programme organised by the Moscow Shaolin Culture Centre. The 37. (participate), ranging from age 16 to 72, learned Shaolin kung fu at the historic temple in Henan Province. Among them is Sofia Stepanova, 38. said she has been attracted by the beauty of the temple and is eager 39. (improve) her martial arts skills. “Shaolin Temple is beautiful, and I enjoy being here and learning new things about the history of China，” she said. “My goals for this trip are studying martial arts, exploring Chinese culture and practising Chinese, the language that I've studied for many years 40. I was a kid. Everything here is amazing, including the 41. T (tradition) food and customs, and the people.” Stepanova expressed her gratitude 42. the opportunity to participate in the programme. Shaolin Temple, 43. (locate) in the Songshan Mountain range in Dengfeng, Henan, was built during the Northern Wei Dynasty, and it 44. (recognise) as the birthplace of Chinese kung fu now. It was listed as 45. a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2010. Ⅴ. 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节　应用文写作(满分15分) 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友玛丽(Mary)给你发邮件说她打算到中国留学，向你询问学习汉语的方法，请你用英语写封邮件给她回复。要点如下： 1. 学好汉语的建议； 2. 你的祝愿。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 第二节　读后续写(满分25分) 阅读材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day Robert and Henry were going home from school, when, on turning a corner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Let's go and see！” “No，” said Henry. “Let's go quietly home and not meddle with (插手) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into trouble. Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together at home and I don't want them to worry about me.” “You are a coward (胆小鬼), and afraid to go，” said Robert, and he ran off. Henry went straight home, and in the afternoon went to school as usual. But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down upon Henry and didn't want to play with him together. Henry was sad but he wasn't angry with Robert for his rude behaviour, because he learned that true courage is shown most in bearing misunderstanding when it was not deserved, and that he ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong. Thus, he just ignored the other boys' laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn't invite Henry to go home with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Every day after school, they didn't go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun. A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled, and screamed for help, but all in vain. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, but they did not even try to help him. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 Robert was fast sinking. _______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Thus, Robert's life was saved. __________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Unit 2　Exploring English (考查范围：Unit 2　时间：100分钟　分值：120分) Ⅰ. 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) A English 4 Professionals Walk and Talk English Communicate Fluently & Effectively in English The Cities Are My Classrooms！ Why spend your time in a classroom when you can invest your time studying during breakfast or dinner? And why stay inside in the afternoon when you can study by the beach or in a car？That's right. That's the way we teach. Walk and Talk English & Eat and Drink English！ Are you considering new challenges? Would you like to take your English to the next level with our in-house methods that are highly effective, yet relaxing and fun? How about spending your vacation time studying English during a delicious breakfast, or during lunch in a historical restaurant, or at night from a sky room as you enjoy views of London or Dublin? You could be sitting comfortably inside or in front of a palace or castle, drinking coffee or tea while you study. Why not？ What is your greatest challenge with the English language? Get in touch with us and let us know your difficulty as well as your goals in life. It is essential that the solution we offer also fits in well with your personality, mindset, objectives with English, your available time to travel, and your family commitments. We recommend continuous learning with some famous universities like Oxford, Cambridge. Lastly, your holiday in Europe, as well as your experiences with the English language and your travels to different cities, should have that “Wow！” factor that helps you to remember your holiday forever. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了English 4 Professionals这个英语学习项目，目的是吸引潜在的学生或客户参加。 1. What is the writing purpose of this passage? A．To advertise for the English programme. B．To inform you of the chance to learn English. C．To highlight the importance of learning English. D．To explain the process of learning effective English. A　写作意图题。纵观全文可知，文章主要介绍了English 4 Professionals这个英语学习项目，并强调其独特的学习方式和体验。由此可以推断出，本文的写作目的是为这个英语项目进行广告宣传。故选A。 2. What does English 4 Professionals promise to offer? A．A relaxing learning experience beyond classrooms. B．A cultural learning experience throughout the world. C．A tourism learning experience made for your family members. D．An individualised learning experience designed for your whole life. A　细节理解题。根据表格第二格中的“Why spend your time in a classroom when you can invest your time in studying during breakfast or dinner？And why stay inside in the afternoon when you can study by the beach or in a bar？That's right. That's the way we teach.”可知，English 4 Professionals提供了一种在课堂之外轻松、愉悦的学习方式。故选A。 3. Where will you probably study if you sign up for the programme? A．On Wenlock Road in Italy. B．In a historical restaurant in England. C．On the Oxford campus playground. D．In a traditional palace near your home. B　推理判断题。根据表格第三格中的“How about spending your vacation time studying English during a delicious breakfast, or during lunch in a historical restaurant, or at night from a sky room as you enjoy views of London or Dublin? You could be sitting comfortably inside or in front of a palace or castle, drinking coffee or tea while you study. Why not？”可知，如果你报名参加这个项目，你可能会在英国的一个历史悠久的餐馆里学习。故选B。 B As the daughter of immigrants (移民), Chanthaphone's primary language at home was Lao. At 5, she learned to speak English. But she didn't know how to read and write—let alone how to fit in at school or communicate with classmates. Mrs Lewis, Chanthaphone's second-grade teacher, changed everything. She taught her students that it was OK if they did not know English and it was all right for them to use words in their home language to explain how they were feeling and thinking. Chanthaphone felt more and more confident and wanted to do what her teacher did in the future. Now, at 26, Chanthaphone is an English teacher at Fort Worth ISDs William Monnig Middle School. Like Mrs Lewis, Chanthaphone aims to help her non-English-speaking students to gain the confidence they need to realise their potential (潜力) in life. At the beginning of each school year, Chanthaphone shares her story with her new classes. She tells them she knows what it feels like not to want to participate in class or raise her hand. She reminds them that she once sat in their seat and felt different because of her upbringing. But she stresses that's what makes each of them special. Her students, though, are usually not persuaded. She has to take out photos of her graduating college and tell them about her parents and what her school was like. Then it finally clicks. In the classroom, Chanthaphone allows students to communicate in whichever way they feel most comfortable. For some, it may be raising their hands and voicing their thoughts. For others, it may be writing their thoughts on a piece of paper and handing it to Chanthaphone. However, Chanthaphone does encourage her students to go out of their comfort zone. She wants them to work with students they don't know because teamwork and collaboration (协作) with unfamiliar people is important. “I've always wanted to be the teacher who supported students and advocated for them in and outside of the classroom，” Chanthaphone said. “When I get notes or see posts from parents talking about previous teachers, including me, I feel like my goal has been completed.” 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Chanthaphone是移民的女儿，刚开始上学时无法融入学校，但是在Lewis老师的鼓励下，Chanthaphone感觉越来越有信心。成为一名老师之后，她希望将Lewis老师对自己的鼓励也带给自己的学生。 4. What do you know about Mrs Lewis? A．She is inspiring. B．She is ambitious. C．She is knowledgeable. D．She is demanding. A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“She taught her students that it was OK if they did not know English and it was all right for them to use words in their home language to explain how they were feeling and thinking. Chanthaphone felt more and more confident and wanted to do what her teacher did in the future.”可知，Lewis老师很鼓舞人心。故选A。 5. Why does Chanthaphone tell her schooling experience to her new students? A．To push the students to voice their thoughts. B．To make herself well known to her students. C．To make a good beginning of her class. D．To encourage her students to be confident. D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Like Mrs Lewis, Chanthaphone aims to help her non-English-speaking students to gain the confidence they need to realise their potential (潜力) in life.”以及第三段中的“At the beginning of each school year, Chanthaphone shares her story with her new classes. She tells them she knows what it feels like not to want to participate in class or raise her hand.”可知，Chanthaphone把她的求学经历告诉她的新学生是为了鼓励她的学生要自信。故选D。 6. What does Chanthaphone focus on in the classroom? A．Students' strong curiosity. B．Students' mental health. C．Students' communicating ability. D．Students' unique talent. C　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“In the classroom, Chanthaphone allows students to communicatein whichever way they feel most comfortable.”可知，在课堂上，Chanthaphone关注的是学生的沟通能力。故选C。 7. Which can be the best title for the text? A．You Are the Only One B．I Was Once like You C．No One Can Say No to You D．Hard Work Pays Off B　标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“Like Mrs Lewis, Chanthaphone aims to help her... in life.”并结合文章主要讲述了Chanthaphone是移民的女儿，刚开始上学时无法融入学校，但是在Lewis老师的鼓励下，Chanthaphone感觉越来越有信心。成为一名老师之后，她希望将Lewis老师对自己的鼓励也带给自己的学生。由此可知，B选项“我也曾经像你一样”适合作为文章的标题。故选B。 C Arseny Moskvichev dreams of the day he can have a meaningful conversation with artificial intelligence. But the problem is that Large Language Models (LLMs) are complete amnesiacs. “Even the most advanced chatbots can only process about 16，000 words of text within a prompt (提示框) when in conversation with a human user，” says the cognitive and computer scientist. “They only have so much context they can attend to. If you're out of this context, they forget everything you spoke about with them. And they can't connect the information they receive during different ‘conversations’ with a human, or build a storyline.” To help chatbots improve their comprehension of the deep complexities (复杂性) of context, Moskvichev and his colleagues are teaching them to read novels, the way we might learn to read them in high school literature classes. The act of reading a novel might seem like an entertaining (娱乐的) pastime, but it requires intelligence. We use memory and complex comprehension to follow multiple characters through plots, scene changes, and narrative. The average novel averages around 80，000 words. All those words gradually build a story we hold and examine in our minds. But such skills are currently out of reach to LLMs, which can process text but cannot be said to read the way we do. Moskvichev and his group built a new database from 1，500 books. They train LLMs in reading comprehension by having the AI read a book in the database, analysing long stretches of text, then asking it to find a correct scene summary from a pool of options. As a training tool, the database offers more than a million questions for LLMs to practise on. However, to accurately summarise a book requires someone to read it, and design the training questions. “It's very expensive to collect a data set of this type，” Moskvichev says. It is here that the scientists showed their power of creative imagination—they got an artificial intelligence model to summarise short book sections. It is an example of a machine being used to train a more powerful machine. While Moskvichev and his group have found the LLMs still make mistakes about half of the time, they have observed significant improvement in trained LLM performance versus untrained. “There's still room for improvement，” Moskvichev says. 【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了在人工智能领域中大型语言模型(LLMs)在处理上下文理解方面的局限性，以及科学家Arseny Moskvichev和他的团队如何通过训练这些模型阅读小说来提高它们的阅读理解能力。 8. What does the underlined word “amnesiacs” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．People who tend to forget things. B．People who are poor at giving a speech. C．People who stick to one's own opinion. D．People who have trouble analysing texts. A　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“They only have so much context they can attend to. If you're out of this context, they forget everything you spoke about with them. And they can't connect the information they receive during different ‘conversations’ with a human, or build a storyline.”可知，LLMs 只能关注有限的上下文，超出范围这些模型就会忘记，所以“But the problem is that Large Language Models (LLMs) are complete amnesiacs．”中的“amnesiacs”指的是会忘记事情的人。故选A。 9. What can we infer from Paragraph 2? A．What is related to humans and AI needs deep comprehension. B．What matters to AI may be of the same importance for humans. C．What humans do to relax themselves can be a big trouble for AI. D．What humans and AI share may be some seemingly simple skills. C　推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，第二段主要讲述了阅读小说这一人类的娱乐活动需要运用记忆和复杂的理解能力，而目前 LLMs还没有这种能力，即阅读这一项对人类来说是放松自己的活动，对AI来说却是一项巨大的挑战。故选C。 10. For Moskvichev and his group, what is the challenge of building training tools for chatbots? A．Raising narrative ability. B．Seeking suitable novels. C．Designing training tools. D．Finding human resources. D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“However, to accurately summarise a book requires someone to read it, and design the training questions. ‘It's very expensive to collect a data set of this type，’ Moskvichev says.”可知，为聊天机器人构建训练工具的挑战在于需要有人阅读书籍并设计训练问题，而收集这种类型的数据集非常昂贵。由此可推知，Moskvichev和他的团队在为聊天机器人构建训练工具时面临的挑战是找到人力资源。故选D。 11. What is Moskvichev's attitude towards LLMs' future? A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Worried. D．Changing. A　观点态度题。根据最后一段的内容可知，尽管还有错误和改进的空间，但他们看到了训练后的进步；因此，Moskvichev对LLMs的未来持积极态度。故选A。 D As an English teacher, I found that English slang (俚语) can be more difficult for those who learn English as a second language to understand. This became clear when I was talking to one of my students, Cathy, in Japan. “Excuse me, Miss White. I want to go to buy a notebook outside the school.” “It's bucketing outside，” I said. It is an English slang expression which means “It is raining.” However, she didn't seem to understand what I said. The point I'm trying to get across is that being puzzled about English slang in the beginning is rather natural because it is what makes the language special. But learning some slang is a fantastic way of understanding the culture of a country. English does have some interesting slang. Here is some of my favourite slang which is common in Northern Ireland. To keel over: If someone keels over, it basically means that he/she has fallen over because he/she has passed out or died. To be in bed with your head: This is used to describe someone who has gone to bed because he/she has a headache. To upset the apple cart: This means that someone has caused trouble or upset someone's plans. Dead on: This means “exactly right”，“perfect”，or shows that someone agrees with what you've said. Slang can be difficult to learn but it's really impressive when you get it right! Slang also helps you sound friendly, so it's great for making friends. If you can use some of these English expressions in a conversation, people will be amazed! 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英语俚语的作用，同时解释了几个英语俚语的意思。 12. How did Cathy feel when the author said “It's bucketing outside.”？ A．She was unhappy. B．She was surprised. C．She was worried. D．She was puzzled. D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However, she didn't seem to understand what I said.”可知，作者说“It's bucketing outside.”的时候，Cathy好像不理解。由此可推断出，Cathy很困惑。故选D。 13. What does the author think of English slang according to Paragraph 2? A．It tells us the history of a country. B．It is created by language teachers. C．It shows the culture of a country. D．It is used to impress foreigners. C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But learning some slang is a fantastic way of understanding the culture of a country.”可知，学习一些俚语是理解一个国家的文化的神奇的方法，俚语可以展示一个国家的文化。故选C。 14. What could you say if someone says “Does the word mean ‘elevator’？” A．I keel over. B．You're dead on. C．You upset the apple cart. D．I'm in bed with my head. B　推理判断题。根据第六段的内容可知，dead on的意思是“非常正确”“完美”，或者表明某个人同意你的观点。由此可推断出，当一个人说“Does the word mean ‘elevator’？”时，你就可以说“You're dead on.”。 15. In which part of a newspaper can we read this text? A．Culture. B．Science. C．Travel. D．Lifestyle. A　文章出处题。本文介绍了英语俚语的作用，同时解释了几个英语俚语的意思，属于语言文化领域。故选A。 Ⅱ. 七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) Simple Ways to Improve Your Written English Many people think it is really difficult to improve their writing in English. Don't worry, though. Here are some simple steps that you can take to improve your written English. Increase your vocabulary. To express yourself clearly, you need a good active vocabulary. That's not just being able to know lots of words—it means actually being able to use them correctly. 　16　 Tip: When you learn a new word, try to learn all the forms of that word. 　17　 People often say that we learn to write best by reading. Reading in English is useful in many ways. It is a great way to get an idea of the different styles of writing and see how to use words properly. Tip: 　18　 Learning shouldn't be boring. Read each text several times to make sure you understand how to use new words and expressions in the text. Improve your grammar. Grammar is very important because it improves the quality of your writing. Tip: 　19　 The first time, look for general mistakes and the second time look for mistakes with the grammar point you are studying at the moment. Just do it! The best way to improve your writing is to get a pen and paper and write. Be prepared to write several versions (版本) of each text. 　20　 A．Know your readers. B．Read widely and often. C．Always check your writing twice. D．Remember, practice makes perfect! E．Choose books or articles that interest you. F．Use simpler language and shorter sentences to show your ideas. G．Do this by learning new words with example sentences, not just word lists. 答案：16～20　GBECD Ⅲ. 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) One year my children came home from school asking where we were going on the summer vacation. I couldn't 　21　 to take them anywhere but I didn't want to tell them that so I just said, “It's a surprise！” They were 　22　． I called several amusement 　23　 to see if there was a half-price event during the summer but no such 　24　. I tried everything, with no success, so I called some of the other mums to find that most were in the same situation that I was. We decided to 　25　 something fun for our kids to do. We had a meeting, all five of us, and 　26　 what is now called a “playcation”． One mother was a 　27　，so on Mondays the kids would all go to her house. They would play games using plants and 　28　. They also planted vegetables and 　29　 them grow over the summer. Another mother had novel readings on Tuesdays. She asked some questions about the novels. The kid who answered 　30　 got a penny, which they all turned in at the end to buy their goodie bags (礼品袋). At our house on Wednesdays, I made 　31　 obstacle training with my spare tires. The kids also walked a balance beam and raced through large cardboard boxes taped together. On 　32　 they had arts and crafts across the street. Fridays were 　33　 by a wonderful single dad with a metal detector (金属探测器) who took everyone out to play treasure 　34　． The summer was a big 　35　. The kids didn't miss anything. My son actually asked me, “Can we do this again next year？” 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和几个朋友生活很拮据，暑假无法带她们的孩子出去玩，但是她们通过自己的努力，给了孩子们一个别样的暑假，这个暑假活动非常成功且有意义。 21.A．sacrifice B．offer C．select D．afford D　根据下文的“I called several amusement 　23　 to see if there was a half-price event during the summer...”可知，作者生活很拮据，所以这里的意思是作者不能负担得起(afford)带他们去任何地方玩。 22.A．disappointed B．satisfied C．shocked D．delighted D　根据上文的“It's a surprise！”可知，孩子们听到暑假会有惊喜，自然很开心(delighted)。 23.A．schools B．shops C．parks D．libraries C　根据下文的“if there was a half-price event during the summer”可知，作者是给游乐园 (parks)打电话询问优惠事宜。 24.A．hope B．luck C．attitude D．hobby B　根据下文的“I tried everything, with no success...”可知，作者尽力了，但是没有成功。由此可知，作者说自己运气(luck)不好。 25.A．come up with B．face up to C．look forward to D．step away from A　根据下文可知，作者和其他妈妈们决定为她们的孩子想出(come up with)一些有趣的事情去做。 26.A．discovered B．enjoyed C．created D．controlled C　她们创造了(created)一个被称为“playcation”的活动。 27.A．teacher B．doctor C．gardener D．grocer C　根据下文的“They would play games using plants and 　28　. They also planted vegetables and 　29　 them grow over the summer.”可知，这位母亲是一位园艺爱好者(gardener)。 28.A．books B．vegetables C．sweets D．toys B　根据下文的“They also planted vegetables and 　29　them grow over the summer.”可知，他们用植物和蔬菜(vegetables)做游戏。 29.A．guessed B．watched C．affected D．felt B　他们也种植蔬菜，并且在整个夏天观察(watched)它们的生长。 30.A．easily B．patiently C．correctly D．hurriedly C　根据下文的“got a penny”可知，回答正确(correctly)的小孩会获得一美分的奖励。 31.A．indoor B．outdoor C．mountain D．speech B　根据下文的“The kids also walked a balance beam and raced through large cardboard boxes taped together.”可知，作者用备用轮胎对孩子们进行了户外(outdoor)障碍物训练。 32.A．Thursdays B．Saturdays C．Sundays D．Mondays A　上文依次介绍了孩子们在星期一、星期二、星期三这三天的活动安排，下文介绍了周五的活动，故本空应介绍孩子们在星期四(Thursdays)进行的活动。 33.A．hosted B．forced C．avoided D．forbidden A　每周星期五由一位单身父亲举办(hosted)这次活动。 34.A．hiding B．making C．hunting D．donating C　这位单身父亲用一个金属探测器，带着孩子们外出去玩寻找(hunting)宝物的游戏。 35.A．failure B．challenge C．business D．success D　根据下文的“The kids didn't miss anything. My son actually asked me, ‘Can we do this again next year？’”可知，这个暑假非常成功(success)。 Ⅳ. 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) Shaolin Temple, famous for its martial arts, hosted 101 Russian visitors for a training programme. The year of 2024 36. marked (mark) the ninth such programme organised by the Moscow Shaolin Culture Centre. The 37. participants (participate), ranging from age 16 to 72, learned Shaolin kung fu at the historic temple in Henan Province. Among them is Sofia Stepanova, 38. who said she has been attracted by the beauty of the temple and is eager 39. to improve (improve) her martial arts skills. “Shaolin Temple is beautiful, and I enjoy being here and learning new things about the history of China，” she said. “My goals for this trip are studying martial arts, exploring Chinese culture and practising Chinese, the language that I've studied for many years 40. since I was a kid. Everything here is amazing, including the 41. traditional (tradition) food and customs, and the people.” Stepanova expressed her gratitude 42. for the opportunity to participate in the programme. Shaolin Temple, 43. located (locate) in the Songshan Mountain range in Dengfeng, Henan, was built during the Northern Wei Dynasty, and it 44. is recognised (recognise) as the birthplace of Chinese kung fu now. It was listed as 45. a UNESCO World Heritage site in 2010. Ⅴ. 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节　应用文写作(满分15分) 假如你是李华，你的英国朋友玛丽(Mary)给你发邮件说她打算到中国留学，向你询问学习汉语的方法，请你用英语写封邮件给她回复。要点如下： 1. 学好汉语的建议； 2. 你的祝愿。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 第二节　读后续写(满分25分) 阅读材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day Robert and Henry were going home from school, when, on turning a corner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Let's go and see！” “No，” said Henry. “Let's go quietly home and not meddle with (插手) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into trouble. Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together at home and I don't want them to worry about me.” “You are a coward (胆小鬼), and afraid to go，” said Robert, and he ran off. Henry went straight home, and in the afternoon went to school as usual. But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down upon Henry and didn't want to play with him together. Henry was sad but he wasn't angry with Robert for his rude behaviour, because he learned that true courage is shown most in bearing misunderstanding when it was not deserved, and that he ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong. Thus, he just ignored the other boys' laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didn't invite Henry to go home with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Every day after school, they didn't go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun. A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled, and screamed for help, but all in vain. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, but they did not even try to help him. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 Robert was fast sinking. _______________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Thus, Robert's life was saved. __________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 第一节　应用文写作 Dear Mary， I am glad to know that you are coming to China for further study. As you are eager to learn Chinese well within a short time, I would like to offer some suggestions to you. Firstly, you should have passion to learn Chinese. Besides, watching Chinese movies and listening to Chinese songs can make the learning process much more interesting. As a famous saying goes, “Practice makes perfect.” You should keep practising it as much as possible. Why not find a native speaker as a language partner, and meet him/her on a regular basis? I do hope you will find these proposals practical. Best wishes! Yours， Li Hua 第二节　读后续写 Robert was fast sinking.It seemed as if Robert would be drowned. Just at the moment, Henry happened to be passing by. Hearing the screams, Henry ran to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation. He reached Robert just as he was sinking the last time. By great effort, and with much danger to himself, he brought Robert to the shore. Thus, Robert's life was saved.Robert and his new friends were ashamed at having called Henry a coward. They realised that Henry had true courage. They said sorry to Henry for their rude behaviour and asked for his forgiveness. Henry forgave them happily. He and Robert were friends again and they went home together as usual. From this, Robert learned what true courage was: never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $