精品解析：北京中国人民大学附属中学2025-2026学年度第二学期高一年级期末练习英语试题

2025～2026学年度第二学期高一年级期末练习 英语 2026年7月7日 说明：本试卷共8页，共100分，练习时间90分钟；请在答题卡上填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。 第一部分：知识应用（共四节；共39分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Stephen was on campus to register when I first met him. One summer day when I was headed over to the administration building, I heard someone call my name. I turned around and saw Philip, one of my colleagues with another young man. As Philip introduced me to the young man, named Stephen, he reminded him that he would be taking one of my classes, Introduction to Literature. With a somewhat pained expression, Stephen asked if my class was going to be “hard”. Would he be able to pass? I sensed he was ____1____ about failing before the opening day of classes. We talked about what the class would ____2____ and I saw Stephen’s eyes getting big with fear. Then I remembered a bit of a classical dialogue: Question: “How do you eat an elephant?” Answer: “One bite at a time.” I told him to ____3____ his work that way: to do his assignments, all of them, and to get them in on time. I added that most ____4____ students I knew made a timetable of all the assignments so they could ____5____ their workload. As time went on, I learned more of Stephen’s story. He had ____6____ in middle school. It had taken him longer to finish than most young people. Family members, including his mother, kept reminding him that he was a failure. Now, in the face of their negative-saying he had been admitted into college. He told me that before coming to our campus no one had believed he had much ____7____. Stephen didn’t become an “A” student. He didn’t make any honor rolls. Still, he managed to pass most of his courses by being in class every day, turning in all of his assignments on time and breaking down his studying into ____8____ digestible parts. By passing course after course, he began to gain a measure of self-respect. He was a great singer and he was on the school’s cross-country team. Every time I saw him on campus, he would brighten up and say, “One bite at a time”. Whenever he introduced me to his friends, he would tell them that he was ____9____ when he was supposed to be failing. His ____10____, he said, was that he was practicing what I taught him before classes ever started: “Take it one bite at a time.” 1. A. optimistic B. sure C. anxious D. desperate 2. A. cover B. review C. repeat D. explain 3. A. accept B. approach C. admire D. acquire 4. A. energetic B. popular C. diligent D. successful 5. A. balance B. plan C. polish D. track 6. A. improved B. struggled C. changed D. complained 7. A. potential B. honor C. ambition D. confidence 8. A. full-sized B. over-sized C. bite-sized D. medium-sized 9. A. practicing B. suffering C. learning D. succeeding 10. A. gift B. secret C. spirit D. goal 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了作者用“一口一口吃大象”的道理鼓励自卑、害怕挂科的差生斯蒂芬，他拆分学习任务、踏实坚持，最终逆袭收获自信与成长。 【1题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我感觉到他在开学前就对不及格感到焦虑。A. optimistic乐观的；B. sure确定的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. desperate绝望的。根据前文“With a somewhat pained expression, Stephen asked if my class was going to be ‘hard’. Would he be able to pass?”可知，斯蒂芬担心课程难度，还问能不能通过，说明他很焦虑。 【2题详解】 考查动词。句意：我们聊了这门课程会涉及哪些内容，我看见斯蒂芬吓得眼睛都睁大了。A. cover涵盖；B. review复习；C. repeat重复；D. explain解释。根据前文“With a somewhat pained expression, Stephen asked if my class was going to be ‘hard’. Would he be able to pass?”可知，斯蒂芬询问作者课程难度，此处表示他们讨论了课程会涵盖哪些内容，符合师生聊天的逻辑。 【3题详解】 考查动词。句意：我告诉他要用这种方式对待学业：完成所有作业，并且按时上交。A. accept接受；B. approach处理；C. admire钦佩；D. acquire获得。根据后文“to do his assignments, all of them, and to get them in on time”可知，作者给出了具体学习方式，建议斯蒂芬用“一口一口吃大象”的方式对待学习，approach作动词表示“处理、对待”，符合语境。 【4题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我补充说，我认识的大多数成功的学生都会为所有作业制定时间表，这样他们就可以计划自己的工作量。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. popular受欢迎的；C. diligent勤奋的；D. successful成功的。根据后文“By passing course after course, he began to gain a measure of self-respect. He was a great singer and he was on the school’s cross-country team.”及“he said, was that he was practicing what I taught him before classes ever started: ‘Take it one bite at a time.’”可知，在作者的方法下，斯蒂芬成功通过各个课程，持续获得成功，因此此处表示作者给斯蒂芬举例子，说自己认识的大多数成功的学生都会给作业做时间表，用成功学习者的方法给对方建议。 【5题详解】 考查动词。句意：我补充说，我认识的大多数成功的学生都会为所有作业制定时间表，这样他们就可以有计划地去学习。A. balance平衡；B. plan计划；C. polish打磨；D. track追踪。根据前文“students I knew made a timetable of all the assignments so they could”可知，制定时间表的目的是能有计划地安排学习任务。 【6题详解】 考查动词。句意：他在中学时学得很吃力。A. improved改善；B. struggled挣扎；C. changed改变；D. complained抱怨。根据后文“It had taken him longer to finish than most young people.”可知，斯蒂芬中学毕业花了比常人更长时间，说明中学阶段他学习十分吃力。 【7题详解】 考查名词。句意：他跟我说，在来到我们学校之前，没人相信他有多大潜力。A. potential潜力；B. honor荣誉；C. ambition抱负；D. confidence自信。根据前文“Family members, including his mother, kept reminding him that he was a failure. Now, in the face of their negative-saying he had been admitted into college.”可知，家人一直说他是失败者，大家都否定斯蒂芬，没人相信他有多少潜力。 【8题详解】 考查形容词。句意：尽管如此，他每天坚持上课、按时上交全部作业，把学习内容拆分成一口大小的、易于消化的小部分，最终顺利通过了大部分课程。A. full-sized全尺寸的；B. over-sized超大号的；C. bite-sized一口大小的；D. medium-sized中等尺寸的。根据后文“he was practicing what I taught him before classes ever started: ‘Take it one bite at a time.’”并结合全文可知，文章用“一口一口吃大象”比喻分解任务，此处对应比喻，斯蒂芬在作者的建议下把学习拆成一口大小的、好消化的小块。 【9题详解】 考查动词。句意：每次他把我介绍给他的朋友时，都会告诉他们，本该一事无成的自己如今却收获了成功。A. practicing练习；B. suffering受苦；C. learning学习；D. succeeding成功。根据前文“Family members, including his mother, kept reminding him that he was a failure. Now, in the face of their negative-saying he had been admitted into college.”及“By passing course after course, he began to gain a measure of self-respect. He was a great singer and he was on the school’s cross-country team.”可知，前后形成对比，大家都不看好，本应一事无成、不断失败，实际却通过各个课程、持续取得成功，succeeding和failing构成反义对照。 【10题详解】 考查名词。句意：他说，自己成功的秘诀就是从开学前就践行我教给他的道理：“一口一口慢慢来。”A. gift礼物；B. secret秘诀；C. spirit精神；D. goal目标。根据后文“he was practicing what I taught him before classes ever started: ‘Take it one bite at a time.’”可知，此处是斯蒂芬在分享自己的成功秘诀——践行“一口一口慢慢来”的方法。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture, a book or an event many years later, but no one ____11____ (prove) that there are people who really have photographic memories. Yet, there are some people who do have amazing memories. For example, Daniel Tammet can remember the first 22,514 ____12____ (digit) of pi and Stephen Wiltshire can draw a detailed picture of a city from memory after flying over it in a helicopter. They are both good at remembering particular things for a ____13____ (limit) time. 【答案】11. has proved 12. digits 13. limited 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了照相式记忆的概念，举例两位拥有超强记忆力的人，说明他们可在短时间内记住海量细节。 【11题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：拥有照相式记忆的人多年后能记住一张图片、一本书或一件事的全部细节，但至今没有人能证实世上真的存在这类人。根据“no one ____ that there are people who really have photographic memories”以及“Yet, there are some people who do have amazing memories”可知，此处表达“迄今为止尚未证实”，主语no one为单数，此空是现在完成时has proved。 【12题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：例如，Daniel Tammet能记住圆周率前22514位数字， Stephen Wiltshire能在直升机飞越一座城市后，凭记忆画出该城市的详细图景。根据“remember”以及“22,514”可知，此空是名词复数digits，意为“数字”，作宾语。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们都擅长在有限时间内记住特定事物。根据空后名词“time”可知，此空是形容词limited，意为“有限的”，作定语。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 My plan focuses on combining traditional sports with entertaining elements to make exercise more ____14____ (enjoy). I’m thinking of organizing a “three-legged race relay” ____15____ teams must work together while completing small challenges at each station, like interesting riddles and puzzles. Besides, a dance marathon may also serve the purpose, in which participants move ____16____ music and complete different routines. 【答案】14. enjoyable 15. where 16. to 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了一项运动方案，将传统体育与娱乐结合，设计两人三足接力和随音乐舞蹈两类趣味活动。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我的方案重在融合传统运动与娱乐元素，让锻炼更有趣。根据“combining traditional sports with entertaining elements”以及“make exercise more ____”可知，此空是形容词enjoyable，表示“令人愉悦的”，作宾补。 【15题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：我计划组织一场“两人三足接力赛”，在这项活动中各队要在每个站点协作完成猜谜、解谜等趣味小挑战。此空引导定语从句，先行词是three-legged race relay，表抽象地点，定语从句主谓完整，此空是关系副词where。 【16题详解】 考查介词。句意：此外，舞蹈马拉松也能起到类似作用，参与者伴随音乐舞动并完成不同的舞蹈动作。此处是固定搭配move to music，表示“伴随音乐舞动”，此空是介词to。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. He was a quiet child and spent much of his time alone. He was slow to talk and had difficulty ____17____ (learn) to read. When Albert was five years old, his father gave him a compass. The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always ____18____ (point) in the same direction — to the north. He asked his father ____19____ caused the needle to move, but the answers about magnetism and gravity were difficult for the boy ____20____ (understand). Yet he spent a lot of time thinking about them. He said later that he felt something hidden had to be behind things. 【答案】17. learning 18. pointed 19. what 20. to understand 【解析】 【导语】主要讲述了爱因斯坦幼时沉默、读写学习迟缓，五岁收到指南针后对指针恒指北方十分好奇。深奥的磁力引力解释他虽难懂，却长久思索事物背后隐藏的规律。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他说话较慢，学习阅读也有些困难。短语have difficulty (in) doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”。 【18题详解】 考查时态。句意：当孩子发现指南针的指针总是指向同一个方向——北方时，他充满了惊奇。主句为一般过去时discovered，从句时态保持一致，point变过去式pointed。 【19题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：他问父亲是什么导致针移动，但关于磁力和重力的答案让男孩很难理解。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指代事物，表示“什么”，用what。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他问父亲是什么导致针移动，但关于磁力和重力的答案让男孩很难理解。句式sth. be difficult for sb. to do表示“对某人来说做某事很困难”，应填不定式。 第三节 单词拼写（共8小题，每小题0.5分，共4分） 按提示用单词的正确形式填空，每空一词，并把完整单词写在答题卡相应位置。 21. Beijing perfectly combines ancient c________ (魅力) and modern v________ (活力). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 ①. charm##harm ②. vitality##itality 【解析】 【详解】句意：北京完美融合了古老的魅力与现代的活力。第一空，根据首字母c及中文提示“魅力”可知，应用名词charm，作combines的宾语；第二空，根据首字母v及中文提示“活力”可知，应用名词vitality，作combines的宾语，为不可数名词。 22. I’m w________ (写信) to seek your v________ (宝贵的) suggestions. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 ①. writing##riting ②. valuable##aluable 【解析】 【详解】句意：我现致信恳求您宝贵的建议。第一空，根据汉语提示“写信”及首字母w可知，空处需要动词write，此处为现在进行时：am writing，表示正在进行的动作，writing符合句意；第二空，根据汉语提示“宝贵的”及首字母v可知，此处应用形容词valuable修饰名词suggestions，作定语。 23. My idea is to make these postcards not just d________ (装饰的) items, but tangible carriers of the school’s 100-year l________ (遗产、精神). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 ①. decorative##ecorative ②. legacy##egacy 【解析】 【详解】句意：我的想法是，让这些明信片不只是装饰摆件，更成为承载学校百年精神底蕴的实物载体。第一空根据中英文提示可知用形容词decorative，作定语修饰名词items；第二空根据中英文提示可知用名词legacy，作宾语。 24. Yuan Longping d________(奉献) his whole life to developing high-yield hybrid rice, which has greatly increased grain production, not only feeding China’s large population but also helping to a________(解决) global food security issues. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】 ①. devoted##evoted ②. address##ddress 【解析】 【详解】句意：袁隆平一生致力于发展高产杂交水稻，这极大地提高了粮食产量，不仅养活了中国庞大的人口，还帮助解决了全球粮食安全问题”。devote...to...表示“把……奉献给……”，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，所以填devoted。 help to do sth.为固定结构，address有“处理，解决”之意，这里用原形。 第四节 词义辨析（共10小题，每小题0.5分，共5分） 从方框中选择合适的单词填空。每个单词只用一次。注意：多给出1个单词。 A. vanish B. relief C. mutual D. compensate E. torture F. opponent Competing against a tough ____25____ brings ____26____ challenges. Fear of failure used to ____27____ me badly. But as soon as the game was over, all my worries seemed to ____28____. I breathed a sigh of ____29____, because I had tried my best. 【答案】25. F 26. C 27. E 28. A 29. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者曾经极度惧怕失利，比赛结束后烦恼消散、内心释然的经历。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：和强劲的对手竞技会带来双向挑战。空前形容词tough后需接名词，F选项opponent为名词，表示“对手，竞争者”，a tough opponent意为“强劲的对手”，符合语境。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：和强劲的对手竞技会带来双向挑战。空处修饰名词challenges，应用形容词，C选项mutual为形容词，表示“相互的，双向的”，mutual challenges表示“双向挑战”，符合句意。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：过去对失败的恐惧曾深深折磨我。used to后接动词原形，E选项torture是动词，意为“折磨，使……痛苦”，torture me badly表示“深深折磨我”，贴合语境。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：但比赛一结束，我所有的烦恼似乎都消失了。seem to后接动词原形，A选项vanish为动词，表示“消失，消散”，符合上下文转折逻辑。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：我松了一口气，因为我已经拼尽全力。空前of后应接名词，B选项relief是名词，意为“宽慰，安心”，a sigh of relief，为固定短语，表示“松一口气，如释重负”，符合句意。 从方框中选择合适的单词填空。每个单词只用一次。注意：多给出1个单词。 A. arise B. fabric C. rival D. drip E. loose F. disguise Water began to ____30____ from the old roof. My ____31____ stood nearby in a clever ____32____, with a piece of worn ____33____ around his body. Part of the cloth turned ____34____ soon, and he worried that his secret would be found out at any time. 【答案】30. D 31. C 32. F 33. B 34. E 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述屋顶漏水时，一名伪装起来的对手因身上裹着的破旧布料松动，担心自身秘密暴露的小故事。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：水开始从老旧的屋顶滴落。空处位于动词不定式符号to后，应用动词原形，此处描述水从旧屋顶滴落，drip意为“滴落”，符合语境。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：我的对手巧妙伪装，站在不远处，身上裹着一块破旧布料。形容词性物主代词My后需接名词作主语，rival意为“对手、竞争者”，符合语境。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：我的对手巧妙伪装，站在不远处，身上裹着一块破旧布料。空前有不定冠词a及形容词clever，应用可数名词单数作宾语，disguise意为“伪装”，in a clever disguise表示“经过巧妙伪装”，符合语境。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：我的对手巧妙伪装，站在不远处，身上裹着一块破旧布料。空前有形容词worn，应用名词作宾语，fabric意为“织物、布料”，符合语境。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：没过多久布料有一处松垮开来，他生怕自己的伪装随时会被识破。系动词turned，意为“变得”，后跟形容词作表语，loose意为“松的、松散的”，符合语境。 第二部分 阅读理解（共17小题；每小题2分，共34分） 第一节 阅读理解（共12小题；每小题2分，共24分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Summer Camps Camp Bon Coeur Inc. Lafayette, L.A. 70505 Phone: (337)233-8437 A summer camping experience is something that all children should enjoy. But what summer camp can children with heart disease go to? Is there a place where they can enjoy a summer camp experience? It is called Camp Bon Coeur or Camp Good Heart! In 1985, Camp Bon Coeur was created by Lafayette General Medical Center, one of the leading medical centers in this area to give children with congenital heart defect a traditional summer camp experience. Camp Bon Coeur offers a two-week summer program that gives these campers the opportunity to meet other kids from across the country that also suffer from heart disease. Our campers range in age from 7 to 16 years old. Tulane University Ripples Camp New Orleans, L.A. 70118 Phone: (504)865-5431 The Ripples experience for this season will be the best children’s program ever brought to this area. Last summer was full of amazing life changing experiences for the hundreds of campers, their parents and staff involved during our 9-week program. We are very proud and honored to be part of your children’s life. Ripples provides children with a “World of Good!” through a varied and well-planned schedule of daily activities. In addition to traditional sports, cooking, field trips, cycling, horse riding, rock-climbing, drama and arts are all part of our daily activities. This program is for campers aged from 12 to 14. Kidcam Summer Camp Kenner, L.A. 70062 Phone: (504)472-5437 For over 35 years, Kidcam has been known as the leading provider of summer fun for campers aged from 3 to 13. Kidcam aims to help campers build positive values and characteristics including respect for others, sharing, cooperation, motivation and encouragement. Kidcam’s mission is to promote children’s social experience in a safe, fun-filled camp environment. With several locations to choose from, including area schools, parks, playgrounds and country clubs, every year over 5,000 campers have the summer memories they will carry through a lifetime. The organizer of Kidcam also created Girls’ Summer Camp, which helps teenage girls build confidence and adventurous spirits. 35. What can we infer about Camp Bon Coeur Inc? A. It mainly serves healthy kids aged from 7 to 16. B. It was set up to help kids with heart problems. C. Its camp activities last for more than one month. D. Campers there only come from the local city. 36. Children taking part in Ripples Camp will _________. A. have the chance to try cooking B. stay in the camp for two weeks C. meet kids from across the world D. have different camp places to choose from 37. What is the main purpose of Kidcam Summer Camp? A. To train kids to win different sports competitions. B. To help kids develop good personal qualities and social skills. C. To provide professional medical care for young children. D. To organize long-distance field trips across the country. 【答案】35. B 36. A 37. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了三所美国路易斯安那州特色夏令营，分别面向心脏病儿童、12-14岁青少年及3-13岁普通孩童，依次说明各营地创办背景、活动内容、适龄范围与办学宗旨。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据Camp Bon Coeur Inc.部分“In 1985, Camp Bon Coeur was created by Lafayette General Medical Center, one of the leading medical centers in this area to give children with congenital heart defect a traditional summer camp experience. (1985 年，当地顶尖医疗机构之一的拉斐特综合医疗中心创办了邦科尔营地，旨在为患有先天性心脏缺陷的儿童提供正统夏令营体验。)”可知，该营地设立初衷是帮助有心脏疾病的儿童。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tulane University Ripples Camp部分“In addition to traditional sports, cooking, field trips, cycling, horse riding, rock-climbing, drama and arts are all part of our daily activities. (除传统运动外，烹饪、实地考察、骑行、骑马、攀岩、戏剧和艺术都是日常活动)”可知，参加Ripples Camp的孩子有机会体验烹饪。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据Kidcam Summer Camp部分“Kidcam aims to help campers build positive values and characteristics including respect for others, sharing, cooperation, motivation and encouragement. Kidcam’s mission is to promote children’s social experience in a safe, fun-filled camp environment. (Kidcam旨在帮助孩子们培养积极的价值观和品质，包括尊重他人、分享、合作、积极性以及鼓励精神。Kidcam的使命是在安全、充满乐趣的夏令营环境中促进儿童的社交经历)”可知，营地核心目的是培养孩子良好品格与社交能力。 B On a cool autumn evening, while wandering through the streets of the old town, my attention was captured by a charming bookstore located between towering buildings. The warm light through its windows drew me closer, and without realizing it, I stood at its entrance, peering through the glass. Gently brushing away the fallen leaves from the window frame, I took a closer look inside. Rows of shelves filled with books of various sizes and colors stretched across the small and friendly interior, each volume whispering tales of adventure and wisdom. As my eyes moved over the titles, a wave of fond memories washed over me, transporting me back to my childhood. Growing up, my world was dominated by sports and outdoor activities, often at my father’s insistence. He would say, “You need to play football, Alex. It builds character.” Yet deep down, I always felt out of place on the football field, my mind wandering to distant lands and heroic tales. Every Sunday, after an exhausting football match, I would secretly go to my room and lose myself in books. The characters became my friends, and their journeys provided my escape. I still vividly recall the overwhelming joy I experienced when I first read about the adventures of a young wizard. His bravery and determination deeply touched me. One day, our school librarian noticed my passion for reading and suggested I join the book club. Hesitant and unsure of my father’s reaction, I took the club flyer (宣传单) home, my heart racing with a mix of fear and hope. To my surprise, he was supportive, his typically serious expression softening as he signed the permission slip. Joining the book club marked a turning point. I discovered a community where I truly belonged, and my passion for reading was embraced and nurtured. I began to craft my own stories, each one reflecting my dreams and desires. As I stood there, lost in these thoughts, the door of that bookstore slid open, inviting me in. Stepping inside felt like coming home, a place where dreams and reality met. It was a reminder of how books had shaped my life, guiding me through the challenges of childhood and inspiring me to find my true passion. 38. What was the author’s first impression of the bookstore on the autumn evening? A. It appeared to be time-honored. B. It seemed quiet and peaceful. C. It looked warm and inviting. D. It was quite modern and busy. 39. Why did the author’s father ask him to play football during his upbringing? A. To help him develop good qualities. B. To keep him physically fit and healthy. C. To prepare him for a sports career. D. To encourage him to learn teamwork. 40. What message does the author’s story convey? A. Bend the bow before the arrow flies. B. A true passion lights up one’s life. C. Slow and steady wins the race. D. A sound body makes a sound mind. 【答案】38. C 39. A 40. B 【解析】 【导语】短文讲述了作者在凉爽的秋日傍晚漫步老城街道时，被高楼间的一家迷人书店吸引，由此勾起了作者童年时期坚持热爱阅读，最终找到自我归属与人生方向的故事，阐明了真正的热爱对人生的塑造意义。 【38题详解】 推理判断题，根据第一段“On a cool autumn evening, while wandering through the streets of the old town, my attention was captured by a charming bookstore located between towering buildings. The warm light through its windows drew me closer, and without realizing it, I stood at its entrance, peering through the glass.(一个凉爽的秋夜，我漫步在老城的街道上，忽然被一家位于高耸建筑之间迷人的书店吸引住了。透过窗户透出的暖光将我拉近，不知不觉间，我站在了店门口，透过玻璃向里张望)”可知，秋天的晚上，作者对书店的第一印象是它看起来温暖而令人感到亲切。 【39题详解】 细节理解题，根据第三段“Growing up, my world was dominated by sports and outdoor activities, often at my father’s insistence. He would say, “You need to play football, Alex. It builds character.”(在我的成长过程中，我的世界被体育和户外活动所主导，通常是在父亲的坚持下。他会说:“你需要踢足球，亚历克斯，它能塑造性格。”)”可知，作者的父亲在他成长过程中要求他踢足球是为了帮助他培养良好的品格。 【40题详解】 推理判断题，根据最后一段“It was a reminder of how books had shaped my life, guiding me through the challenges of childhood and inspiring me to find my true passion.(它提醒我，书籍如何塑造了我的生活，指导我度过童年的挑战，激励我找到自己真正的激情)”可知，作者的故事传达的信息是真正的热爱能够点亮人生。 C Extraverts are hugely sociable — they really care about their relationships, and possess outstanding social skills. Well, that’s how extraverts are generally described. But, according to new work, that’s not exactly how other people see them. In a series of studies reported in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Francis J. Flynn at Stanford University, US and colleagues consistently found that more extraverted people are considered to be poorer listeners. Their research also reveals a likely reason why. There is no academic agreement on what constitutes “good” listening. But, in line with some other researchers, the team conceptualizes it as involving emotion-related processes, cognitive processes and also behavioral processes. In everyday life, it’s not necessarily easy to ascertain whether the person we’re talking to is really listening, however. They might be making plenty of eye contact, for example, but it’s always possible that they’re just pretending to be listening well. In this research, the team focused on only the participants’ perceptions of others’ listening skills. In an earlier study, 147 first-year business students, who met weekly in groups of six to work on leadership skills, rated the listening skills of everyone else in their group. The participants then completed a scale that assessed their own extraversion. The team found that those with higher self-reported extraversion got poorer marks for listening. However, in this study, people’s perceptions could have been influenced by the actual social relationships they had with other members of their group. So in almost all of the subsequent studies, fresh groups of participants rated the listening skills of fictional people who were described as falling at various points on the introversion-extraversion spectrum. Results from these studies supported the previous finding. Time and again, extraverted people were rated as being poorer listeners in social situations. As the team writes: “That is, despite the tendency for people to see extroverts as highly sociable, they tend to see this sociability as highly one-sided.” An online study of 337 US-based adults suggested why this might be. Fictional people who were described as highly extraverted were also perceived to be better at controlling and modifying how they come across to others. “To observers, this signal of malleable self-presentation suggests that extraverts are more interested in ‘looking the part’ than attending to what others have to say,” the team writes. It would be really interesting, though, to see work on the real-world implications of this particular belief. “For example, listening has been identified as the key to successful sales,” the team notes — so perhaps it would be wise for highly extraverted sales people to try to modify their behavior with clients. A vast amount of research has been done on extraversion itself. “Our findings contribute to the study of extraversion by examining how people think about extraversion,” the researchers write. And for understanding conversations and relationships, which of course are two-way, that’s clearly important, too. 41. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Some reasons for poor listening ability. B. The participants’ perception of listening. C. A common understanding of good listening. D. Some practical skills in improving listening. 42. What does the underlined word “malleable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Smart. B. Flexible. C. Consistent. D. Stable. 43. What message does the author probably convey to extroverted people? A. It is wise to listen more when communicating. B. Focusing on people’s eyes makes a good speaker. C. Rating oneself honestly helps one in social situations. D. It is necessary to change one’s self-presentation style. 【答案】41. C 42. B 43. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了研究发现越外向的人越不善于倾听。 【41题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“There is no academic agreement on what constitutes “good” listening. But, in line with some other researchers, the team conceptualizes it as involving emotion-related processes, cognitive processes and also behavioral processes. In everyday life, it’s not necessarily easy to ascertain whether the person we’re talking to is really listening, however. They might be making plenty of eye contact, for example, but it’s always possible that they’re just pretending to be listening well. In this research, the team focused on only the participants’ perceptions of others’ listening skills.(目前尚无学术共识明确界定“良好倾听”的标准。但与其他一些研究者一致，该团队认为，良好的倾听涉及情感过程、认知过程以及行为过程。然而在日常生活中，要判断对方是否真的在倾听并不容易。例如，对方可能频繁地与你保持眼神交流，但这并不一定意味着他们正在认真倾听，他们可能只是假装自己在专心听。在本项研究中，研究团队仅关注参与者对他人倾听能力的主观感受)”可知，本段主要介绍善于倾听的共同理解。 【42题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后半句“extraverts are more interested in ‘looking the part’ than attending to what others have to say," the team writes.(外向者更在意 “外表形象是否到位”，而非留心倾听他人想说什么。)”可知，外向者具有易改变的自我表现。所以malleable为“易改变的，灵活的”之意。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍越外向的人越不善于倾听，并结合倒数第二段的““For example, listening has been identified as the key to successful sales,” the team notes — so perhaps it would be wise for highly extraverted sales people to try to modify their behavior with clients.(研究团队指出：“举例来说，倾听已被证实是成功销售的关键。” 因此，对于十分外向的销售人员来说，尝试调整自身面对客户的行为或许是明智的。)”推断，作者可能向外向的人传达了交流时多听或许是明智的。 D In an era where consumers increasingly prioritize sustainability, companies are rushing to project an environmentally responsible image. Many label products “eco-friendly,” “carbon-neutral,” or “natural,” and advertise grand commitments to fight climate change. Yet behind these green slogans often lies a far less flattering reality: greenwashing, the practice of misleading consumers into believing a company or product is more environmentally sound than it actually is. Coined in the 1980s by environmentalist Jay Westerveld, the term “greenwashing” was inspired by hotels that placed “save the planet” cards in rooms to encourage towel reuse — while doing little to reduce energy use or plastic waste elsewhere. Today, greenwashing has evolved into a sophisticated corporate strategy. Common tactics include vague language (“environmentally friendly,” with no clear standard), irrelevant claims (a product labeled “CFC-free” when CFCs have been banned for decades), hidden trade-offs (promoting one green feature while ignoring severe pollution in other areas), and false certifications (using fake or meaningless eco-labels). A 2020 European Union study found that over 50% of environmental claims examined were vague, misleading, or entirely unfounded. In one high-profile case, a major oil company launched a $100 million “green energy” advertising campaign while spending less than 1% of its budget on renewable research. Such practices not only deceive consumers but also slow down real environmental progress: when people believe they are “voting with their wallets” for the planet, they may lose motivation to demand systemic change. Not all green marketing is greenwashing, of course. Genuine sustainability efforts are usually specific, verifiable, and backed by third-party certifications such as B Corp or Energy Star. The key difference lies in substance vs. symbolism: real green investment costs money and requires transparency, while greenwashing costs almost nothing and relies on ambiguity. As public awareness grows, regulators are starting to crack down. The European Union’s Green Claims Directive, set to take effect in 2026, will require companies to prove all environmental claims with scientific evidence. The U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has also updated its “Green Guides” to penalize deceptive advertising. Still, experts warn that greenwashing will persist as long as consumers reward “green” branding more than actual green performance. In the end, greenwashing is not just a marketing trick — it is a betrayal of public trust and a barrier to meaningful climate action. Until companies are held accountable for their words as well as their ads, the world will continue to confuse green paint with real green change. 44. Which of the following is a typical greenwashing tactic of irrelevant claims? A. A skincare brand calls its items “natural” without concrete definitions. B. A clothing brand marks products totally free of long-banned chemicals. C. An energy company runs green ads but cuts funds for eco-friendly projects. D. A snack brand uses unapproved eco-labels on all its packaged goods. 45. According to the passage, what is the key to addressing greenwashing? A. Raising public environmental awareness. B. Upgrading green guides to punish false ads. C. Holding firms accountable for green claims. D. Prioritizing honest environmental promotion. 46. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Green Promises to Nature B. Green Pursuits of Eco-ideals C. Green Bubbles in Business D. Green Wonders in Advertising 【答案】44. B 45. C 46. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要揭示了企业“漂绿”现象的本质、常见手段及危害，并指出加强监管与落实问责才是解决之道。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。​ 根据第二段中“Today, greenwashing has evolved into a sophisticated corporate strategy. Common tactics include vague language (“environmentally friendly,” with no clear standard), irrelevant claims (a product labeled “CFC-free” when CFCs have been banned for decades), hidden trade-offs (promoting one green feature while ignoring severe pollution in other areas), and false certifications (using fake or meaningless eco-labels).(如今，“漂绿”已演变为一种精心策划的企业策略。常见手段包括：模糊话术（如宣称“环保”，却无明确标准）；无关声明（如产品标注“不含氟氯碳化物”，而此类物质其实已被禁用数十年）；隐性取舍（宣传某一环保特性，却对其他领域的严重污染视而不见）；以及虚假认证（使用伪造或毫无意义的生态标签）)”可知，宣传产品不含几十年前就已禁用的化学物质属于典型的“无关声明”类漂绿手段。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。​ 根据最后一段中“Until companies are held accountable for their words as well as their ads, the world will continue to confuse green paint with real green change.(除非企业既要为广告宣传负责，也要为自身承诺负责，否则世人会一直把表面的环保噱头错当成真正的环保变革)”可知，除非企业对它们的环保宣传话语负责，否则无法区分真假环保；因此，解决问题的关键是追究企业的责任。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。​ 根据第一段的“Yet behind these green slogans often lies a far less flattering reality: greenwashing, the practice of misleading consumers into believing a company or product is more environmentally sound than it actually is.(然而，在这些绿色口号的背后，往往隐藏着远没那么光鲜的现实：那就是“漂绿”——一种误导消费者、使其误以为某家公司或其产品比实际情况更为环保的行径)”以及全文可知，文章通篇围绕商业领域中虚假环保宣传——“漂绿”现象展开，揭露了其本质、手段及危害。所以“Green Bubbles(绿色泡沫)”生动比喻了这种看似繁荣实则虚假的商业假象，最能概括全文主旨。 第二节 信息还原（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 For over a century, psychologists and neuroscientists have conceptualized human memory as a passive and precise recording system, one that faithfully records, stores, and recalls life experiences just as digital devices preserve original documents without mistakes. ____47____ Recent high-resolution (高清的) brain imaging studies and long-term behavioral experiments have thoroughly overturned this classic metaphor, revealing that human memory is never a static storage but a flexible, reconstructive process constantly reshaped by personal emotion, cognitive bias and post-event information. A decade-long research project conducted by Harvard neuroscientists and published in The Atlantic tracked more than 2,000 adult participants, focusing on how vivid memories of emotionally significant events shift across years. ____48____ Contrary to the traditional assumption that consolidated memories stay fixed permanently, every act of memory recall triggers subtle neural reorganization, unconsciously rewriting trivial details and even adjusting core plots to fit people’s current values and life perceptions. This inherent malleability of memory accounts for a common yet puzzling real-world phenomenon: two sincere eyewitnesses who observe exactly the same incident may deliver entirely contradictory but equally confident testimonials (证词). ____49____ Our brain tends to weave original experience, acquired secondary information and inherent cognitive frameworks into a unified narrative, which means the memories we trust deeply are often edited versions rather than objective factual records. ____50____ Many ordinary people and even industry experts regard memory instability as a dangerous cognitive weakness that determines human reliability. From an evolutionary perspective, however, this flexible mechanism serves as a vital survival strategy. It enables the brain to eliminate outdated, misleading and useless memory fragments, free up limited cognitive resources, and optimize real-time judgment and decision-making abilities. Modern memory science has completely abandoned the simplistic “recorder” model and recognized memory as a dynamic tool for adapting to complex environments. ____51____ It also explains why intentional forgetting and memory revision are essential components of healthy human cognition, rather than regrettable mental failures. A. Previous studies failed to notice the link between emotion and memory reconstruction. B. This innovative finding has reshaped people’s understanding of cognitive operation. C. Nevertheless, people have long taken memory accuracy for granted. D. Actually, our memory accuracy can improve as we grow older and wiser. E. The team’s findings yielded consistent and thought-provoking results. F. This once dominated mainstream cognitive theories and guided related research for decades. G. Such memory variation is not a sign of inaccurate observation or deliberate lying. 【答案】47. F 48. E 49. G 50. C 51. B 【解析】 【导语】本文反驳了记忆是精准记录仪的旧观点，通过实验证实记忆可重构，解释证词矛盾成因，辩证分析其利弊，表明记忆改写与主动遗忘都是正常健康认知。 【47题详解】 上文“For over a century, psychologists and neuroscientists have conceptualized human memory as a passive and precise recording system, one that faithfully records, stores, and recalls life experiences just as digital devices preserve original documents without mistakes. (一个多世纪以来，心理学家与神经科学家将人类记忆定义为一套被动、精准的记录系统，它如实记录、储存并调取人生经历，如同数码设备无差错保存原始文件)”介绍了占据学界主流长达百年的经典记忆“记录仪”理论。下文“Recent high-resolution (高清的) brain imaging studies and long-term behavioral experiments have thoroughly overturned this classic metaphor (近期高清脑成像与长期行为实验彻底推翻这一经典比喻)”引出新研究推翻旧理论。F选项“This once dominated mainstream cognitive theories and guided related research for decades. (该理论曾长期主导主流认知理论，指引相关研究数十年)”中This指代上文经典记录仪模型，承接上文介绍旧理论的影响力，和下文“被彻底推翻”形成转折逻辑。 【48题详解】 上文“A decade-long research project conducted by Harvard neuroscientists and published in  The Atlantic  tracked more than 2,000 adult participants, focusing on how vivid memories of emotionally significant events shift across years. (哈佛神经科学家开展长达十年、发表于《大西洋月刊》的研究追踪两千余名成年受试者，重点探究重大情绪事件的鲜活记忆如何随时间变化)”引出哈佛大学长期追踪实验。下文“Contrary to the traditional assumption that consolidated memories stay fixed permanently, every act of memory recall triggers subtle neural reorganization (与固化记忆永久不变的传统观点相反，每一次回忆都会触发细微神经重组)”阐述该实验得出的颠覆性结论。E选项“The team’s findings yielded consistent and thought-provoking results. (该研究团队得出了统一且引人深思的实验结论)”衔接上文的实验项目，引出下文的具体实验发现。 【49题详解】 上文“This inherent malleability of memory accounts for a common yet puzzling real-world phenomenon: two sincere eyewitnesses who observe exactly the same incident may deliver entirely contradictory but equally confident testimonials (证词). (记忆天生的可塑性解释了现实中普遍却令人费解的现象：两名诚实目击者目睹同一事件，却给出完全矛盾、但自身都无比确信的证词)”提出证人证词相互矛盾的现实案例。下文“Our brain tends to weave original experience, acquired secondary information and inherent cognitive frameworks into a unified narrative, which means the memories we trust deeply are often edited versions rather than objective factual records. (大脑会将原始经历、后天获取的二手信息与固有认知框架编织成统一叙述，我们深信的记忆往往是被修改过的版本，而非客观事实记录)”解释证词矛盾的内在大脑机制。G选项“Such memory variation is not a sign of inaccurate observation or deliberate lying. (这种记忆偏差并非观察失误或刻意撒谎的表现)”中Such memory variation指代上文证词矛盾现象，先澄清大众误解，再引出下文科学原理。 【50题详解】 下文“Many ordinary people and even industry experts regard memory instability as a dangerous cognitive weakness that determines human reliability. From an evolutionary perspective, however, this flexible mechanism serves as a vital survival strategy. (普通大众乃至业内专家都将记忆的不稳定性视作一种危险的认知缺陷——因为它决定了人类是否可信；但从进化角度看，这种灵活机制是重要生存策略)”先介绍大众对记忆可塑性的负面看法，再通过however转折提出记忆重构的进化优势。C选项“Nevertheless, people have long taken memory accuracy for granted. (然而，长久以来人们都默认记忆绝对准确)”承接上文记忆可被改写的科学结论，引出下文大众根深蒂固的错误认知，形成“科学真相——大众固有偏见——辩证反驳”的行文逻辑。 【51题详解】 上文“Modern memory science has completely abandoned the simplistic “recorder” model and recognized memory as a dynamic tool for adapting to complex environments. (现代记忆科学彻底摒弃简单的记录仪模型，并将记忆认定为适应复杂环境的动态工具)”总结新记忆科学的核心观点。下文“It also explains why intentional forgetting and memory revision are essential components of healthy human cognition, rather than regrettable mental failures. (该理论也解释了主动遗忘与记忆修改是健康认知的核心部分，而非糟糕的心智缺陷)”补充该全新理论的另一层解读。B选项“This innovative finding has reshaped people’s understanding of cognitive operation. (这一创新性发现重塑了人们对认知运作模式的理解)”中This innovative finding指代本段全新记忆理论，承接上文总结，总领下文补充阐释，收束全文核心论点。 第四部分 书面表达（共两节，27分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第56、57题各2分，第58题3分，第59题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Some of the most successful people in history have done their best work in coffee shops. People across nations and centuries have tapped into their creativity in a café. There are many ways coffee shops boost our creativity. The combination of noise, casual crowds and visual variety can give us just the right amount of distraction (注意力分散) to help us be sharpest and most creative. Some of us stick in earbuds (耳塞) as soon as we sit down to work in a public setting. But scientists have known for years that background noise can benefit our creative thinking. A suitable level of noise in a cafeteria can actually improve your creative output. If you’re slightly distracted from the task at hand by some stimuli, it boosts your abstract thinking ability, which can lead to more creative idea generation. There’s also the fact that in a coffee shop, we’re surrounded by people who’ve come to do the same thing, which acts as a motivator. Simply performing a task next to a person who makes a lot of effort can motivate you to work harder. It’s similar to going to the gym for a workout. That is the social-facilitation effect: you go there, you see other people working and it puts you in a mood where you just naturally start working as well. Another thing that can make working at home or in the office tiring is the visual environment; often we sit in the same chair and look at the same four walls without relief. How the office is decorated has an effect on people’s creative thinking process. While researchers tried to address this by adding decorative lights, they soon found that the furnishings (家具及日用设备) quickly became familiar and boring. Coffee shops, though, generally have visual stimuli. And hitting up different coffee shops keeps things even more varied. Researchers believe that there is no doubt about the “coffee-shop effect”. Even if working from home or office remains an option for the long-term, the benefits of going to a coffee shop may be too good to pass up. And maybe the coffee is better. 52. Why did some successful people do their best work in coffee shops? 53. In what way is going to the gym similar to working in a coffee shop? 54. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When people feel the visual environment in their office is boring, they can redecorate the office or try some other working places to solve the problem. 55. If you were free to choose a place to study in, where would you like to go? Why? (about 40 words) 【答案】52. Because coffee shops boosted their creativity. 53. Both of them have the social-facilitation effect. 54. When people feel the visual environment in their office is boring, they can redecorate the office or try some other working places to solve the problem. According to the passage, the furnishings will soon become familiar and boring, and thus, redecorating the office can not solve the problem permanently. 55. 略 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。有些成功人士在咖啡店工作效率最高，文章对此现象背后的原因进行了分析，并表明咖啡店是一个工作的理想场所。 【52题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句“There are many ways coffee shops boost our creativity. (咖啡店可以通过很多方式激发我们的创造力) ”可知，因为咖啡店可以激发他们的创造力，所以有些成功人士在咖啡店工作效率最高。因为是用why提问，所以回答时要用because。问句为一般过去时，回答时也要用一般过去时。故答案为Because coffee shops boosted their creativity. 【53题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段第三句“It’s similar to going to the gym for a workout. (这就像去健身房锻炼一样)”和第四句中的“That is the social-facilitation effect(这就是社会促进效应)”可知，去健身房锻炼和在咖啡店工作的相似之处就是它们都有社会促进效应。故答案为Both of them have the social-facilitation effect. 【54题详解】 考查推理判断。根据倒第二段第三句“While researchers tried to address this by adding decorative lights, they soon found that the furnishings (家具及日用设备) quickly became familiar and boring. (虽然研究人员试图通过添加装饰灯来解决这个问题，但他们很快发现，这些家具很快就变得熟悉而乏味)”可知，重新装饰办公室并不能永久解决问题，所以“redecorate the office”错误，应在此处画下划线。原因是根据文章可知这些家具很快就变得熟悉而乏味。故答案为According to the passage, the furnishings will soon become familiar and boring, and thus, redecorating the office can not solve the problem permanently. 【55题详解】 考查开放回答。需要先回答你想去哪里学习，再解释原因。请注意字数应限制在40个单词以内。 第二节 书面表达（共15分） 56. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你班外教Jim为了解大家英语学习中遇到的困难，开展了一次班级问卷调查。他委托你统计数据，希望你汇报的同时，分享个人英语学习情况。请根据调查结果（如图），给Jim写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.调查结果描述； 2.你的情况及提升计划。 注意： 1.词数不少于100； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Jim, I’ve finished sorting out the data from our English learning difficulty questionnaire. 29% of the class find writing the biggest barrier, while 27% struggle most with memorizing and using new vocabulary, which are the two top concerns among us students. Besides, 21% feel confused about complex grammar rules, 15% get anxious in speaking and listening tasks, and the remaining 8% have other minor learning troubles. As for me, I do well in reading but still hesitate to speak in class. Although I have learned many words, I am afraid of making mistakes, which holds me back from expressing myself fluently. To improve, I will listen to English podcasts for 20 minutes daily to get used to different speeds. Meanwhile, I plan to join the school English corner every Friday, where I can practice speaking with peers and build up my confidence step by step. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】题目要求考生以李华的身份，向外教Jim汇报班级英语学习的困难调查数据，并简述个人问题与改进计划。 【详解】1.词汇积累 分类：sort out → classify 障碍：barrier → obstacle 复杂的：complex→ complicated 自信：confidence → assurance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To improve, I will listen to English podcasts for 20 minutes daily to get used to different speeds. 拓展句：To improve, I will listen to English podcasts for 20 minutes daily, which I believe is an effective way to get used to different speeds. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Although I have learned many words, I am afraid of making mistakes, which holds me back from expressing myself fluently.(运用了although引导的让步状语从句，which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Meanwhile, I plan to join the school English corner every Friday, where I can practice speaking with peers and build up my confidence step by step.(运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025～2026学年度第二学期高一年级期末练习 英语 2026年7月7日 说明：本试卷共8页，共100分，练习时间90分钟；请在答题卡上填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。 第一部分：知识应用（共四节；共39分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 Stephen was on campus to register when I first met him. One summer day when I was headed over to the administration building, I heard someone call my name. I turned around and saw Philip, one of my colleagues with another young man. As Philip introduced me to the young man, named Stephen, he reminded him that he would be taking one of my classes, Introduction to Literature. With a somewhat pained expression, Stephen asked if my class was going to be “hard”. Would he be able to pass? I sensed he was ____1____ about failing before the opening day of classes. We talked about what the class would ____2____ and I saw Stephen’s eyes getting big with fear. Then I remembered a bit of a classical dialogue: Question: “How do you eat an elephant?” Answer: “One bite at a time.” I told him to ____3____ his work that way: to do his assignments, all of them, and to get them in on time. I added that most ____4____ students I knew made a timetable of all the assignments so they could ____5____ their workload. As time went on, I learned more of Stephen’s story. He had ____6____ in middle school. It had taken him longer to finish than most young people. Family members, including his mother, kept reminding him that he was a failure. Now, in the face of their negative-saying he had been admitted into college. He told me that before coming to our campus no one had believed he had much ____7____. Stephen didn’t become an “A” student. He didn’t make any honor rolls. Still, he managed to pass most of his courses by being in class every day, turning in all of his assignments on time and breaking down his studying into ____8____ digestible parts. By passing course after course, he began to gain a measure of self-respect. He was a great singer and he was on the school’s cross-country team. Every time I saw him on campus, he would brighten up and say, “One bite at a time”. Whenever he introduced me to his friends, he would tell them that he was ____9____ when he was supposed to be failing. His ____10____, he said, was that he was practicing what I taught him before classes ever started: “Take it one bite at a time.” 1. A. optimistic B. sure C. anxious D. desperate 2. A. cover B. review C. repeat D. explain 3. A. accept B. approach C. admire D. acquire 4. A. energetic B. popular C. diligent D. successful 5. A. balance B. plan C. polish D. track 6. A. improved B. struggled C. changed D. complained 7. A. potential B. honor C. ambition D. confidence 8. A. full-sized B. over-sized C. bite-sized D. medium-sized 9. A. practicing B. suffering C. learning D. succeeding 10. A. gift B. secret C. spirit D. goal 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture, a book or an event many years later, but no one ____11____ (prove) that there are people who really have photographic memories. Yet, there are some people who do have amazing memories. For example, Daniel Tammet can remember the first 22,514 ____12____ (digit) of pi and Stephen Wiltshire can draw a detailed picture of a city from memory after flying over it in a helicopter. They are both good at remembering particular things for a ____13____ (limit) time. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 My plan focuses on combining traditional sports with entertaining elements to make exercise more ____14____ (enjoy). I’m thinking of organizing a “three-legged race relay” ____15____ teams must work together while completing small challenges at each station, like interesting riddles and puzzles. Besides, a dance marathon may also serve the purpose, in which participants move ____16____ music and complete different routines. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. He was a quiet child and spent much of his time alone. He was slow to talk and had difficulty ____17____ (learn) to read. When Albert was five years old, his father gave him a compass. The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always ____18____ (point) in the same direction — to the north. He asked his father ____19____ caused the needle to move, but the answers about magnetism and gravity were difficult for the boy ____20____ (understand). Yet he spent a lot of time thinking about them. He said later that he felt something hidden had to be behind things. 第三节 单词拼写（共8小题，每小题0.5分，共4分） 按提示用单词的正确形式填空，每空一词，并把完整单词写在答题卡相应位置。 21. Beijing perfectly combines ancient c________ (魅力) and modern v________ (活力). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 22. I’m w________ (写信) to seek your v________ (宝贵的) suggestions. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 23. My idea is to make these postcards not just d________ (装饰的) items, but tangible carriers of the school’s 100-year l________ (遗产、精神). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 24. Yuan Longping d________(奉献) his whole life to developing high-yield hybrid rice, which has greatly increased grain production, not only feeding China’s large population but also helping to a________(解决) global food security issues. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第四节 词义辨析（共10小题，每小题0.5分，共5分） 从方框中选择合适的单词填空。每个单词只用一次。注意：多给出1个单词。 A. vanish B. relief C. mutual D. compensate E. torture F. opponent Competing against a tough ____25____ brings ____26____ challenges. Fear of failure used to ____27____ me badly. But as soon as the game was over, all my worries seemed to ____28____. I breathed a sigh of ____29____, because I had tried my best. 从方框中选择合适的单词填空。每个单词只用一次。注意：多给出1个单词。 A. arise B. fabric C. rival D. drip E. loose F. disguise Water began to ____30____ from the old roof. My ____31____ stood nearby in a clever ____32____, with a piece of worn ____33____ around his body. Part of the cloth turned ____34____ soon, and he worried that his secret would be found out at any time. 第二部分 阅读理解（共17小题；每小题2分，共34分） 第一节 阅读理解（共12小题；每小题2分，共24分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Summer Camps Camp Bon Coeur Inc. Lafayette, L.A. 70505 Phone: (337)233-8437 A summer camping experience is something that all children should enjoy. But what summer camp can children with heart disease go to? Is there a place where they can enjoy a summer camp experience? It is called Camp Bon Coeur or Camp Good Heart! In 1985, Camp Bon Coeur was created by Lafayette General Medical Center, one of the leading medical centers in this area to give children with congenital heart defect a traditional summer camp experience. Camp Bon Coeur offers a two-week summer program that gives these campers the opportunity to meet other kids from across the country that also suffer from heart disease. Our campers range in age from 7 to 16 years old. Tulane University Ripples Camp New Orleans, L.A. 70118 Phone: (504)865-5431 The Ripples experience for this season will be the best children’s program ever brought to this area. Last summer was full of amazing life changing experiences for the hundreds of campers, their parents and staff involved during our 9-week program. We are very proud and honored to be part of your children’s life. Ripples provides children with a “World of Good!” through a varied and well-planned schedule of daily activities. In addition to traditional sports, cooking, field trips, cycling, horse riding, rock-climbing, drama and arts are all part of our daily activities. This program is for campers aged from 12 to 14. Kidcam Summer Camp Kenner, L.A. 70062 Phone: (504)472-5437 For over 35 years, Kidcam has been known as the leading provider of summer fun for campers aged from 3 to 13. Kidcam aims to help campers build positive values and characteristics including respect for others, sharing, cooperation, motivation and encouragement. Kidcam’s mission is to promote children’s social experience in a safe, fun-filled camp environment. With several locations to choose from, including area schools, parks, playgrounds and country clubs, every year over 5,000 campers have the summer memories they will carry through a lifetime. The organizer of Kidcam also created Girls’ Summer Camp, which helps teenage girls build confidence and adventurous spirits. 35. What can we infer about Camp Bon Coeur Inc? A. It mainly serves healthy kids aged from 7 to 16. B. It was set up to help kids with heart problems. C. Its camp activities last for more than one month. D. Campers there only come from the local city. 36. Children taking part in Ripples Camp will _________. A. have the chance to try cooking B. stay in the camp for two weeks C. meet kids from across the world D. have different camp places to choose from 37. What is the main purpose of Kidcam Summer Camp? A. To train kids to win different sports competitions. B. To help kids develop good personal qualities and social skills. C. To provide professional medical care for young children. D. To organize long-distance field trips across the country. B On a cool autumn evening, while wandering through the streets of the old town, my attention was captured by a charming bookstore located between towering buildings. The warm light through its windows drew me closer, and without realizing it, I stood at its entrance, peering through the glass. Gently brushing away the fallen leaves from the window frame, I took a closer look inside. Rows of shelves filled with books of various sizes and colors stretched across the small and friendly interior, each volume whispering tales of adventure and wisdom. As my eyes moved over the titles, a wave of fond memories washed over me, transporting me back to my childhood. Growing up, my world was dominated by sports and outdoor activities, often at my father’s insistence. He would say, “You need to play football, Alex. It builds character.” Yet deep down, I always felt out of place on the football field, my mind wandering to distant lands and heroic tales. Every Sunday, after an exhausting football match, I would secretly go to my room and lose myself in books. The characters became my friends, and their journeys provided my escape. I still vividly recall the overwhelming joy I experienced when I first read about the adventures of a young wizard. His bravery and determination deeply touched me. One day, our school librarian noticed my passion for reading and suggested I join the book club. Hesitant and unsure of my father’s reaction, I took the club flyer (宣传单) home, my heart racing with a mix of fear and hope. To my surprise, he was supportive, his typically serious expression softening as he signed the permission slip. Joining the book club marked a turning point. I discovered a community where I truly belonged, and my passion for reading was embraced and nurtured. I began to craft my own stories, each one reflecting my dreams and desires. As I stood there, lost in these thoughts, the door of that bookstore slid open, inviting me in. Stepping inside felt like coming home, a place where dreams and reality met. It was a reminder of how books had shaped my life, guiding me through the challenges of childhood and inspiring me to find my true passion. 38. What was the author’s first impression of the bookstore on the autumn evening? A. It appeared to be time-honored. B. It seemed quiet and peaceful. C. It looked warm and inviting. D. It was quite modern and busy. 39. Why did the author’s father ask him to play football during his upbringing? A. To help him develop good qualities. B. To keep him physically fit and healthy. C. To prepare him for a sports career. D. To encourage him to learn teamwork. 40. What message does the author’s story convey? A. Bend the bow before the arrow flies. B. A true passion lights up one’s life. C. Slow and steady wins the race. D. A sound body makes a sound mind. C Extraverts are hugely sociable — they really care about their relationships, and possess outstanding social skills. Well, that’s how extraverts are generally described. But, according to new work, that’s not exactly how other people see them. In a series of studies reported in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Francis J. Flynn at Stanford University, US and colleagues consistently found that more extraverted people are considered to be poorer listeners. Their research also reveals a likely reason why. There is no academic agreement on what constitutes “good” listening. But, in line with some other researchers, the team conceptualizes it as involving emotion-related processes, cognitive processes and also behavioral processes. In everyday life, it’s not necessarily easy to ascertain whether the person we’re talking to is really listening, however. They might be making plenty of eye contact, for example, but it’s always possible that they’re just pretending to be listening well. In this research, the team focused on only the participants’ perceptions of others’ listening skills. In an earlier study, 147 first-year business students, who met weekly in groups of six to work on leadership skills, rated the listening skills of everyone else in their group. The participants then completed a scale that assessed their own extraversion. The team found that those with higher self-reported extraversion got poorer marks for listening. However, in this study, people’s perceptions could have been influenced by the actual social relationships they had with other members of their group. So in almost all of the subsequent studies, fresh groups of participants rated the listening skills of fictional people who were described as falling at various points on the introversion-extraversion spectrum. Results from these studies supported the previous finding. Time and again, extraverted people were rated as being poorer listeners in social situations. As the team writes: “That is, despite the tendency for people to see extroverts as highly sociable, they tend to see this sociability as highly one-sided.” An online study of 337 US-based adults suggested why this might be. Fictional people who were described as highly extraverted were also perceived to be better at controlling and modifying how they come across to others. “To observers, this signal of malleable self-presentation suggests that extraverts are more interested in ‘looking the part’ than attending to what others have to say,” the team writes. It would be really interesting, though, to see work on the real-world implications of this particular belief. “For example, listening has been identified as the key to successful sales,” the team notes — so perhaps it would be wise for highly extraverted sales people to try to modify their behavior with clients. A vast amount of research has been done on extraversion itself. “Our findings contribute to the study of extraversion by examining how people think about extraversion,” the researchers write. And for understanding conversations and relationships, which of course are two-way, that’s clearly important, too. 41. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Some reasons for poor listening ability. B. The participants’ perception of listening. C. A common understanding of good listening. D. Some practical skills in improving listening. 42. What does the underlined word “malleable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Smart. B. Flexible. C. Consistent. D. Stable. 43. What message does the author probably convey to extroverted people? A. It is wise to listen more when communicating. B. Focusing on people’s eyes makes a good speaker. C. Rating oneself honestly helps one in social situations. D. It is necessary to change one’s self-presentation style. D In an era where consumers increasingly prioritize sustainability, companies are rushing to project an environmentally responsible image. Many label products “eco-friendly,” “carbon-neutral,” or “natural,” and advertise grand commitments to fight climate change. Yet behind these green slogans often lies a far less flattering reality: greenwashing, the practice of misleading consumers into believing a company or product is more environmentally sound than it actually is. Coined in the 1980s by environmentalist Jay Westerveld, the term “greenwashing” was inspired by hotels that placed “save the planet” cards in rooms to encourage towel reuse — while doing little to reduce energy use or plastic waste elsewhere. Today, greenwashing has evolved into a sophisticated corporate strategy. Common tactics include vague language (“environmentally friendly,” with no clear standard), irrelevant claims (a product labeled “CFC-free” when CFCs have been banned for decades), hidden trade-offs (promoting one green feature while ignoring severe pollution in other areas), and false certifications (using fake or meaningless eco-labels). A 2020 European Union study found that over 50% of environmental claims examined were vague, misleading, or entirely unfounded. In one high-profile case, a major oil company launched a $100 million “green energy” advertising campaign while spending less than 1% of its budget on renewable research. Such practices not only deceive consumers but also slow down real environmental progress: when people believe they are “voting with their wallets” for the planet, they may lose motivation to demand systemic change. Not all green marketing is greenwashing, of course. Genuine sustainability efforts are usually specific, verifiable, and backed by third-party certifications such as B Corp or Energy Star. The key difference lies in substance vs. symbolism: real green investment costs money and requires transparency, while greenwashing costs almost nothing and relies on ambiguity. As public awareness grows, regulators are starting to crack down. The European Union’s Green Claims Directive, set to take effect in 2026, will require companies to prove all environmental claims with scientific evidence. The U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has also updated its “Green Guides” to penalize deceptive advertising. Still, experts warn that greenwashing will persist as long as consumers reward “green” branding more than actual green performance. In the end, greenwashing is not just a marketing trick — it is a betrayal of public trust and a barrier to meaningful climate action. Until companies are held accountable for their words as well as their ads, the world will continue to confuse green paint with real green change. 44. Which of the following is a typical greenwashing tactic of irrelevant claims? A. A skincare brand calls its items “natural” without concrete definitions. B. A clothing brand marks products totally free of long-banned chemicals. C. An energy company runs green ads but cuts funds for eco-friendly projects. D. A snack brand uses unapproved eco-labels on all its packaged goods. 45. According to the passage, what is the key to addressing greenwashing? A. Raising public environmental awareness. B. Upgrading green guides to punish false ads. C. Holding firms accountable for green claims. D. Prioritizing honest environmental promotion. 46. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Green Promises to Nature B. Green Pursuits of Eco-ideals C. Green Bubbles in Business D. Green Wonders in Advertising 第二节 信息还原（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 For over a century, psychologists and neuroscientists have conceptualized human memory as a passive and precise recording system, one that faithfully records, stores, and recalls life experiences just as digital devices preserve original documents without mistakes. ____47____ Recent high-resolution (高清的) brain imaging studies and long-term behavioral experiments have thoroughly overturned this classic metaphor, revealing that human memory is never a static storage but a flexible, reconstructive process constantly reshaped by personal emotion, cognitive bias and post-event information. A decade-long research project conducted by Harvard neuroscientists and published in The Atlantic tracked more than 2,000 adult participants, focusing on how vivid memories of emotionally significant events shift across years. ____48____ Contrary to the traditional assumption that consolidated memories stay fixed permanently, every act of memory recall triggers subtle neural reorganization, unconsciously rewriting trivial details and even adjusting core plots to fit people’s current values and life perceptions. This inherent malleability of memory accounts for a common yet puzzling real-world phenomenon: two sincere eyewitnesses who observe exactly the same incident may deliver entirely contradictory but equally confident testimonials (证词). ____49____ Our brain tends to weave original experience, acquired secondary information and inherent cognitive frameworks into a unified narrative, which means the memories we trust deeply are often edited versions rather than objective factual records. ____50____ Many ordinary people and even industry experts regard memory instability as a dangerous cognitive weakness that determines human reliability. From an evolutionary perspective, however, this flexible mechanism serves as a vital survival strategy. It enables the brain to eliminate outdated, misleading and useless memory fragments, free up limited cognitive resources, and optimize real-time judgment and decision-making abilities. Modern memory science has completely abandoned the simplistic “recorder” model and recognized memory as a dynamic tool for adapting to complex environments. ____51____ It also explains why intentional forgetting and memory revision are essential components of healthy human cognition, rather than regrettable mental failures. A. Previous studies failed to notice the link between emotion and memory reconstruction. B. This innovative finding has reshaped people’s understanding of cognitive operation. C. Nevertheless, people have long taken memory accuracy for granted. D. Actually, our memory accuracy can improve as we grow older and wiser. E. The team’s findings yielded consistent and thought-provoking results. F. This once dominated mainstream cognitive theories and guided related research for decades. G. Such memory variation is not a sign of inaccurate observation or deliberate lying. 第四部分 书面表达（共两节，27分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第56、57题各2分，第58题3分，第59题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Some of the most successful people in history have done their best work in coffee shops. People across nations and centuries have tapped into their creativity in a café. There are many ways coffee shops boost our creativity. The combination of noise, casual crowds and visual variety can give us just the right amount of distraction (注意力分散) to help us be sharpest and most creative. Some of us stick in earbuds (耳塞) as soon as we sit down to work in a public setting. But scientists have known for years that background noise can benefit our creative thinking. A suitable level of noise in a cafeteria can actually improve your creative output. If you’re slightly distracted from the task at hand by some stimuli, it boosts your abstract thinking ability, which can lead to more creative idea generation. There’s also the fact that in a coffee shop, we’re surrounded by people who’ve come to do the same thing, which acts as a motivator. Simply performing a task next to a person who makes a lot of effort can motivate you to work harder. It’s similar to going to the gym for a workout. That is the social-facilitation effect: you go there, you see other people working and it puts you in a mood where you just naturally start working as well. Another thing that can make working at home or in the office tiring is the visual environment; often we sit in the same chair and look at the same four walls without relief. How the office is decorated has an effect on people’s creative thinking process. While researchers tried to address this by adding decorative lights, they soon found that the furnishings (家具及日用设备) quickly became familiar and boring. Coffee shops, though, generally have visual stimuli. And hitting up different coffee shops keeps things even more varied. Researchers believe that there is no doubt about the “coffee-shop effect”. Even if working from home or office remains an option for the long-term, the benefits of going to a coffee shop may be too good to pass up. And maybe the coffee is better. 52. Why did some successful people do their best work in coffee shops? 53. In what way is going to the gym similar to working in a coffee shop? 54. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. When people feel the visual environment in their office is boring, they can redecorate the office or try some other working places to solve the problem. 55. If you were free to choose a place to study in, where would you like to go? Why? (about 40 words) 第二节 书面表达（共15分） 56. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你班外教Jim为了解大家英语学习中遇到的困难，开展了一次班级问卷调查。他委托你统计数据，希望你汇报的同时，分享个人英语学习情况。请根据调查结果（如图），给Jim写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.调查结果描述； 2.你的情况及提升计划。 注意： 1.词数不少于100； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $