精品解析：天津河北区2025-2026学年度高二下学期期末质量检测英语试题

河北区2025-2026学年度第二学期期末高二年级质量检测 英语 注意事项： 1．本试卷共150分，考试用时120分钟。 2．请将答案填写在答题纸上。 第一部分：听力(共两节;满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段材料读两遍。 1. How will the speakers travel? A. By bus. B. By train. C. By plane. 2. What will the man do for his daughter? A. Find a tree. B. Take a picture. C. Get a camera. 3. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Employer and employee. 4. Where does this conversation most probably take place? A. At a theater. B. In a hospital. C. At a restaurant. 5. What matters most to the man when buying an ice cream? A. Price. B. Taste. C. Popularity. 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. On which day does the man plan to return? A. The 23rd. B. The 24th. C. The 27th. 7. What is the man going to do in Boston? A. Get married. B. Have a job interview. C. Attend a wedding practice. 8. Which word best describes the man? A. Excited. B. Anxious. C. Happy. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. When did the man begin to feel sick? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 10. What is the man’s health problem? A. He has a cold. B. He has the flu. C. He has a runny nose. 11. What will the man most probably do? A. Rest without treatment. B. Continue to take the pills. C. Try traditional Chinese medicine. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. How will the club members work? A. In pairs. B. In five-person teams. C. In ten-person teams. 13. Where will the club members put the bottles and cans? A. Into boxes. B. Into trash bags. C. Into the garbage. 14. Where will the “Do Not Litter” signs be put up? A. In the club office. B. Around the lake. C. At a local company. 15. What is the speech mainly about? A. A cleaning-up activity. B. A recycling center tour. C. A fund-raising campaign. 第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —I worked on your car the whole night. How is it running? — It is running great! _____________. You were such a big help! A. It’s a pity B. I couldn’t agree more C. Forget it D. I can hardly thank you enough 2. _________ focusing on winning the approval of others, try to understand and accept yourself. A. Because of B. Instead of C. For fear of D. In terms of 3. The new model electric car should ________ many safety tests before it is released to the public. A. bank on B. set up C. go through D. wipe out 4. From the first explorers to today’s travellers, humans have always had a desire ________ new places. A. discovering B. to discover C. to be discovered D. to have discovered 5. In the spring, a season _______ we are learning new rhythms of life, many of us find comfort in the natural world. A. when B. that C. where D. which 6. In the past five years, three fifths of the workers in this factory ________ given professional training. A. was B. were C. has been D. have been 7. The scientist stood by the window, ________ the data on the screen carefully and taking notes. A. analyse B. analysed C. analysing D. to analyse 8. Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first. A. delivered B. will be delivering C. was delivering D. has been delivering 9. The new training program is designed to ________ employees’ professional skills and boost their work efficiency. A. enhance B. dominate C. withdraw D. reject 10. Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion ________ he wants their support. A. since B. once C. unless D. after 11. The company’s ________ to adapt to changing market demands has been the key to its long-term success in the tech industry. A. celebrity B. prospect C. capacity D. stability 12. A report suggests that students participating in after-school clubs are more confident than ________ who focus only on schoolwork. A. these B. those C. ones D. them 13. — I haven’t made up my mind whether I should go abroad for my further study. — ________. It is not a decision you need to make immediately. A. No wonder B. It’s settled C. Take your time D. That’s the point 14. The 50 or so pages at the end of the book list Carson’s sources, showing how thorough and ________ she was as a scientist. A. depressive B. violent C. precise D. optimistic 15. When I was a little girl, ________ I looked forward to most was the dinner on the eve of the Spring Festival. A. how B. why C. who D. what 第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own ____16____. I learned this lesson from a(n) ____17____ many years ago. I took the head ____18____ job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program. It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play against the ____19____ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn’t even practice to ____20____ the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn’t ____21____ I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to ____22____ that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were ____23____ me. I had to change my ____24____ towards their ability and potential. I started doing anything I could to help them build a little ____25____. Most importantly, I began to treat them like ____26____. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their ____27____, we met every day and ____28____ passing and kicking the football. Six months after suffering our ____29____ on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to ____30____. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a ____31____ for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn’t what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest ____32____ of my life! From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can ____33____ the members of a team. I didn’t see my boys as losers. Instead, I pushed and ____34____ them. I helped them to see themselves ____35____, and they built themselves into winners. Winners are made, not born. 16. A. luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature 17. A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show 18. A. operating B. editing C. designing D. coaching 19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new 20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with 21. A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret 22. A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand 23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about 24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention 25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship 26. A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. learners 27. A. rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor 28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced 29. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake 30. A. relax B. improve C. expand D. defend 31. A. shame B. leisure C. victory D. favour 32. A. chances B. excitements C. concerns D. offers 33. A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. affect 34. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed 35. A. formally B. individually C. silently D. differently 第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Louis Department of Education (LDOE)’s AI integration framework (一体化框架) is a comprehensive, responsible approach to maximizing AI’s benefits. Adopting a continuous cycle of exploration and improvement, it empowers schools to adopt AI responsibly while prioritizing (优先考虑) student safety and future readiness. The framework aims to create a sustainable environment that improves teaching, learning, and outcomes through research, policy, community involvement, and ongoing evaluation. Purpose & Research: This component stresses setting clear goals for AI integration. It involves researching evidence-based practices, assessing AI’s benefits and challenges, and identifying tools consistent with the city’s educational objectives to ensure purposeful and informed application. Evaluation & Monitoring: This component centers on assessing the impact of AI application in educational settings. It involves tracking student progress, measuring the effectiveness of AI tools and resources, and identifying areas for improvement. Regular monitoring ensures that AI initiatives are consistent with educational goals and adapt to the changing needs of students and educators. Engage Stakeholders (利益相关者): Recognising that AI integration impacts various key participants, this component emphasizes active engagement and cooperation. Stakeholders like educators, administrators, students, parents, policymakers, and community members are involved in the process to gather different perspectives, address concerns, and build support for AI initiatives. This approach promotes trust, ownership, and joint responsibility in shaping the future of AI in education. Policy & Guidance: This component addresses the need for clear guidelines and policies that govern AI’s responsible use in educational settings. It involves developing frameworks for data privacy (隐私), ensuring access to AI resources, and establishing standards for designing and using AI tools. Policy and guidance provide a structured approach to handling the complexities of AI integration and ensuring that it follows legal and educational principles. 36. What is the framework mainly intended to do? A. Encourage students to explore AI tools. B. Prepare schools for responsible AI use. C. Improve teaching by increasing AI use. D. Replace traditional teaching with AI tools. 37. Which of the following is not part of the “Purpose & Research”? A. Researching evidence-based practices. B. Assessing AI’s benefits and challenges. C. Ensuring student safety and future readiness. D. Identifying tools consistent with the educational objectives. 38. What does the component “Evaluation & Monitoring” focus on? A. Examining the effects of AI use. B. Monitoring students’ use of AI. C. Assessing student development in AI. D. Locating the weakness of AI tools. 39. The main participants in the AI integration do not include ________. A. educators and parents B. policymakers and students C. police officers and engineers D. administrators and community members 40. If a school wants to protect students’ personal data when using AI tools, which part should it refer to? A. Purpose & Research B. Policy & Guidance C. Engage Stakeholders D. Evaluation & Monitoring B When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions (误解). Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests. I’ve discovered that if I show students how what they learn is relevant to my hobbies, they’re much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their own hobbies. No matter what subject I’m teaching, I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom. For example, I’m a car aficionado, so when I teach physics, I contextualize (情境化) concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications. When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself. What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy. Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. Best of all, my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own. 41. What brings a challenge to teachers according to the author? A. Students’ misunderstandings about teachers. B. Students’ false assumptions about learning. C. The irrelevance of textbooks to students’ life. D. The gap between teachers’ and students’ hobbies. 42. What does the underlined word “aficionado” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Lover. B. Manager. C. Producer. D. Designer. 43. Why does the author bring tires into the classroom? A. To teach an engineering skill. B. To explain the structure of a car. C. To share a real-life experience. D. To illustrate a scientific concept. 44. What was the unexpected outcome of the author’s teaching method? A. A higher class attendance rate. B. Better examination results. C. A closer teacher-student bond. D. More spare time for students. 45. Which of the following best describes the author as a teacher? A. Innovative. B. Humorous. C. Generous. D. Innocent. C Human beings have always loved reviews: word of mouth has long been regarded as one of the most valuable marketing tools available to a company. Consumers enjoy reading and giving reviews. However, the problem is that a lot of the reviews are fake (假的). Shabnam Azimi and Alexander Krasnikov of Loyola University of Chicago and Kwong Chan of Northeastern University recently published a study on fake reviews. The study used a data set of 1,600 reviews of Chicago hotels. Some of them were real; others were fake. The reviews were presented to 400 volunteers. Each volunteer got eight reviews to read: a balanced set of two positive fake, two positive real, two negative fake and two negative real, presented in random order. The reviews were written by real people who were given information about the hotel. The results show that consumers generally trust negative reviews more than positive ones. Moreover, we humans tend to assume that positive reviews might be fake. “Overall, negative reviews are less common. So, we pay more attention to them. When a negative review is fake, we get tricked,” Azimi says. When it came to faking a review, length was important to believability, as was detail. A long, negative review of a hotel, complete with lots of information, tended to convince participants. A lengthy, positive review, on the other hand, was regarded as suspicious (可疑的), and participants tended to trust writers that kept their positive reviews short. Emotion was also important in convincing readers — or the lack of emotion, at least. Azimi says study participants tended not to trust reviews where the writers expressed their feelings in a big way. The more dispassionate that negative write-up, the more likely it was to take the reader in. The fake reviews written for Azimi’s study were put together by humans, but increasingly, fake reviews are being written by AI, which makes them look more real. AI-generated fake reviews mislead consumers and hurt reputable companies. With AI developing fast, such reviews are increasingly difficult to identify. Though many companies use algorithms (算法) to remove fake reviews, Azimi points out that the machines are programmed by humans, and due to our limited ability to spot fake reviews, this isn’t a good sign. 46. Which aspect of the study does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. Its design. B. Its findings. C. Its purposes. D. Its significance. 47. What can we learn about the reviews used in the study? A. All the reviews were written by hotel guests. B. Most of the reviews on the list were positive ones. C. Each participant read eight reviews in random order. D. They were mainly collected from big hotels across America. 48. What kind of review would readers most likely trust? A. A long, positive one. B. An unemotional, negative one. C. A short, negative one. D. An enthusiastic, positive one. 49. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Many companies are producing fake reviews. B. Writing fake reviews will be declared illegal. C. Machines can detect fake reviews accurately. D. It will be harder to recognize fake reviews. 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A. People prefer negative hotel reviews to positive ones. B. Researchers improve ways to write real hotel reviews. C. A study explores convincing fake reviews and AI-related risks. D. Algorithms can effectively help companies find out all fake reviews online. D Some scientists insist that once we discover the truth about the world, we are done. Anyone who refuses such truths, they suggest, is stupid or ignorant (无知的).Well, no. In science, what we do is both hard and, often, hard to explain. The history of science offers many examples of matters that scientists thought they had resolved, only to discover that these matters needed to be considered. Familiar examples include Earth as the center of the universe and the stability of continents. Science is a process of learning and discovery, and sometimes we learn that what we thought was right is wrong. To say that science is “true” or “permanent” is like saying that “beauty is absolute.” At best, it’s a bit off-key (不恰当的). The concept of beauty today is very different from what it was in ancient Greece or the Middle Ages, and so are most of our “laws” of nature. Other scientists may say scientific findings are true because they use “the scientific method.” But we can never actually agree on what that method is. Some will say it is observation and description of the world. Others will say it is the use of experience and experiment. Recently a leading scientist said the scientific method was to avoid fooling oneself into thinking something is true that is not. Each of these views has its value, but if the claim is that any one of these is the scientific method, then they all fail. History and philosophy have shown that the idea of a singular (唯一的) scientific method is unscientific. In fact, the methods of science have varied between disciplines and across time. Scientists have bitterly argued about which methods are the best, and, as we all know, bitter arguments rarely get resolved. In my view, science is not simple, and neither is the natural world. Our efforts to understand and explain the natural world are just that: efforts. Because we’re human, we often fall flat. The good news is that when that happens, we pick ourselves up, brush ourselves off, and get back to work. Understanding the world we live in, and using that knowledge to do useful things, is its own reward. 51. According to Paragraph 1, what is considered as truth in science ________. A. may have lasting value B. may need re-examining C. should be known to all D. should not be rejected 52. Why does the author mention “beauty” in Paragraph 2? A. To raise a question. B. To make a prediction. C. To illustrate an idea. D. To propose a solution. 53. What does the author think of the methods of science? A. They shouldn’t be used to fool the public. B. They rely heavily on observation and description. C. They seldom cause arguments among scientists. D. They shouldn’t be limited to a single method. 54. The last paragraph suggests that in doing science, we should ________. A. keep trying in spite of difficulties B. fight back against others’ criticisms C. give priority to economic rewards D. avoid making the same mistakes 55. What could be the best title for the passage? A. Efforts in Science: Dreaming Big B. Science: Endless Journey to Truth C. Scientists: Defenders of Science D. Scientific Method: Simple Choice 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Haze Mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways. Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of line to hug him. They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes. Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection, Mabry thanked them all. “They’re like my children,” Mabry said. On a regular day, students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they’re not feeling well or other times to tell him about something that happened at break. He knows most of the kids at the school, but can’t name each one. Some of them make him know them. Like Faith, who often forgets her backpack in the cafeteria, and Lucy, who just wants a hug. “He won’t brag(夸耀) on himself, but it doesn’t matter what he’s doing or where he is, he will always stop what he’s doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He’s the most loved one in this building,” said Lori Gilreath, a reading teacher. Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don’t want to touch. He doesn’t expect a lot. Mabry said he hadn’t planned to do much for his milestone birthday, so he was happy the students had prepared the surprise celebration. Over the weekend, he worked through the piles of handmade cards at his house. One card from a student stood out to him. It read: “Mr. Haze, you are my sunshine.” 56. What is Mabry’s daily work as a school keeper？（no more than 5 words） 57. How did the students celebrate Mabry’s birthday？（no more than 15 words） 58. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（1 word） 59. Why is Mabry’s presence at the school important？（no more than 10 words） 60. Who is the “sunshine” in your life？Please explain. （no more than 20 words） 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 61. 假如你是李津，你校英语学习俱乐部决定举办主题为“Lessons from Nature”的英文征文活动，请从下列选题中选择一个进行投稿。 内容要求： (1)结合所学知识或自身经历，讲述你对大自然的观察与认知； (2)阐述大自然带给你的启发与感悟； (3)谈谈你将如何在学习和生活中践行这份感悟。 征文选题： (1) Growth Inspired by Nature (2) Wisdom from Nature’s Designs (3) Harmony Between Humans and Nature 注意： (1)可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯； (2)题目已给出，不计入总词数； (3)词数：不少于100词。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 河北区2025-2026学年度第二学期期末高二年级质量检测 英语 注意事项： 1．本试卷共150分，考试用时120分钟。 2．请将答案填写在答题纸上。 第一部分：听力(共两节;满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段材料读两遍。 1. How will the speakers travel? A. By bus. B. By train. C. By plane. 2. What will the man do for his daughter? A. Find a tree. B. Take a picture. C. Get a camera. 3. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Employer and employee. 4. Where does this conversation most probably take place? A. At a theater. B. In a hospital. C. At a restaurant. 5. What matters most to the man when buying an ice cream? A. Price. B. Taste. C. Popularity. 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8小题。 6. On which day does the man plan to return? A. The 23rd. B. The 24th. C. The 27th. 7. What is the man going to do in Boston? A. Get married. B. Have a job interview. C. Attend a wedding practice. 8. Which word best describes the man? A. Excited. B. Anxious. C. Happy. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11小题。 9. When did the man begin to feel sick? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 10. What is the man’s health problem? A. He has a cold. B. He has the flu. C. He has a runny nose. 11. What will the man most probably do? A. Rest without treatment. B. Continue to take the pills. C. Try traditional Chinese medicine. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15小题。 12. How will the club members work? A. In pairs. B. In five-person teams. C. In ten-person teams. 13. Where will the club members put the bottles and cans? A. Into boxes. B. Into trash bags. C. Into the garbage. 14. Where will the “Do Not Litter” signs be put up? A. In the club office. B. Around the lake. C. At a local company. 15. What is the speech mainly about? A. A cleaning-up activity. B. A recycling center tour. C. A fund-raising campaign. 第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —I worked on your car the whole night. How is it running? — It is running great! _____________. You were such a big help! A. It’s a pity B. I couldn’t agree more C. Forget it D. I can hardly thank you enough 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我整晚都在你的车上工作。它是如何运行的？ ——运行良好！太感谢您了。你真是帮了个大忙！A. It’s a pity太可惜啦；B. I couldn’t agree more我非常同意；C. Forget it 算了吧，休想；D. I can hardly thank you enough太感谢您了。根据It is running great!可知，此处向对方表示感谢，I can hardly thank you enough.意为“太感谢您了”，符合语境。故选D项。 2. _________ focusing on winning the approval of others, try to understand and accept yourself. A. Because of B. Instead of C. For fear of D. In terms of 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：不要执着于赢得他人的认可，而是要努力理解和接受自己。A. Because of 由于；B. Instead of 代替、而不是；C. For fear of 担心；D. In terms of 就……而言。根据“try to understand and accept yourself.”可知，不要执着于赢得他人的认可，而是努力理解和接受自己。故选B项。 3. The new model electric car should ________ many safety tests before it is released to the public. A. bank on B. set up C. go through D. wipe out 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：新款电动汽车在向公众发布之前，应该经过许多安全测试。A. bank on指望；B. set up建立；C. go through经历，经过；D. wipe out消灭。根据“many safety tests before it is released to the public”可知，电动汽车在面向公众发售前必须经过多项安全检测。go through符合句意。 4. From the first explorers to today’s travellers, humans have always had a desire ________ new places. A. discovering B. to discover C. to be discovered D. to have discovered 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：从第一批探险者到今天的旅行者，人类一直抱有发现新地方的渴望。名词desire后常接动词不定式作后置定语，构成固定搭配have a desire to do sth.“渴望做某事”，且逻辑主语humans与动词discover“发现”之间为主动关系，因此使用动词不定式的一般主动式to discover。 5. In the spring, a season _______ we are learning new rhythms of life, many of us find comfort in the natural world. A. when B. that C. where D. which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：春天是一个我们学习生活新节奏的季节，许多人在自然界中找到了慰藉。空格处需要一个关系词来引导定语从句，修饰先行词a season，并且关系词在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导该从句符合题意。故选A。 6. In the past five years, three fifths of the workers in this factory ________ given professional training. A. was B. were C. has been D. have been 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：在过去的五年里，这家工厂五分之三的工人接受了专业培训。根据时间状语“In the past five years”可知，句子时态应使用现在完成时；“分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词，句中“workers”为可数名词复数，故谓语动词需用复数形式have been。 7. The scientist stood by the window, ________ the data on the screen carefully and taking notes. A. analyse B. analysed C. analysing D. to analyse 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：这位科学家站在窗边，仔细地分析着屏幕上的数据并做着笔记。句中已有谓语动词stood，且没有连词连接，故空格处应填入非谓语动词作状语。主语The scientist与动词analyse之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且空格处与后面的taking notes由and连接，构成并列结构，作伴随状语，故应用现在分词形式。 8. Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first. A. delivered B. will be delivering C. was delivering D. has been delivering 【答案】B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】考查将来进行时。句意：大家晚上好，金教授马上要发表演讲，但（开始之前）让我先介绍一下他。根据语境和标志词in a moment（立即，即将，一会儿）的提示，可知教授的演讲还未开始，用将来时态（一般将来时或将来进行时），仅有B符合题意，是将来进行时的结构，故选B。 9. The new training program is designed to ________ employees’ professional skills and boost their work efficiency. A. enhance B. dominate C. withdraw D. reject 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：新的培训项目旨在提高员工的专业技能，并提升他们的工作效率。A. enhance提高；B. dominate控制；C. withdraw撤回；D. reject拒绝。be designed to do sth.，意为“旨在做某事”，结合“employees’ professional skills and boost their work efficiency”可知，新的培训项目旨在提高员工的专业技能，动词enhance“提高、增强”，与后面的boost相对应。 10. Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion ________ he wants their support. A. since B. once C. unless D. after 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。A. since既然；B. once一旦；C. unless除非；D. after在……之后。故选C符合语境。 11. The company’s ________ to adapt to changing market demands has been the key to its long-term success in the tech industry. A. celebrity B. prospect C. capacity D. stability 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：这家公司适应不断变化的市场需求的能力，一直是其在科技行业取得长期成功的关键。A. celebrity名人；B. prospect前景；C. capacity能力；D. stability稳定性。 根据“to adapt to changing market demands has been the key to its long-term success in the tech industry”可知，此处指“公司适应市场需求的能力”，固定搭配“capacity to do sth.”意为“做某事的能力”，空格处填入capacity。 12. A report suggests that students participating in after-school clubs are more confident than ________ who focus only on schoolwork. A. these B. those C. ones D. them 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：一份报告表明参加课后社团的学生比那些只专注于课业的学生更加自信。A. these这些；B. those那些（特指前面提到的同类复数名词students）；C. ones泛指同类事物；D. them他们，宾格。此处特指前文出现的students，要用those替代，those后面通常接who引导的定语从句。 13. — I haven’t made up my mind whether I should go abroad for my further study. — ________. It is not a decision you need to make immediately. A. No wonder B. It’s settled C. Take your time D. That’s the point 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我还没决定是否应该出国深造。——慢慢来。这不是一个你需要立刻做出的决定。A. No wonder难怪；B. It’s settled说定了；C. Take your time慢慢来；D. That’s the point那正是关键所在。根据后半句“It is not a decision you need to make immediately.”可知，对方建议慢慢考虑，不要着急。 14. The 50 or so pages at the end of the book list Carson’s sources, showing how thorough and ________ she was as a scientist. A. depressive B. violent C. precise D. optimistic 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：书末大约50页列出了卡森的资料来源，展示出作为一名科学家，她是多么的细致和精确。 A. depressive抑郁的；B. violent暴力的；C. precise精确的，一丝不苟的；D. optimistic乐观的。空处与thorough“仔细周到的，工作缜密的”并列，形容词precise“细致的，认真的，一丝不苟的”符合语境，描述科学家的治学特质。 15. When I was a little girl, ________ I looked forward to most was the dinner on the eve of the Spring Festival. A. how B. why C. who D. what 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：当我还是个小女孩的时候，我最期待的就是除夕夜的晚餐。分析句子结构可知，“________ I looked forward to most”为主语从句。动词短语“look forward to”中的介词to缺少宾语，根据表语“the dinner on the eve of the Spring Festival”可知，指代事物，故需用连接代词what引导该主语从句，意为“……的事物”。 第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31~50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own ____16____. I learned this lesson from a(n) ____17____ many years ago. I took the head ____18____ job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program. It was a tradition for the school’s old team to play against the ____19____ team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didn’t even practice to ____20____ the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldn’t ____21____ I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to ____22____ that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were ____23____ me. I had to change my ____24____ towards their ability and potential. I started doing anything I could to help them build a little ____25____. Most importantly, I began to treat them like ____26____. That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their ____27____, we met every day and ____28____ passing and kicking the football. Six months after suffering our ____29____ on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to ____30____. Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a ____31____ for us even if we lost the game. But that wasn’t what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest ____32____ of my life! From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can ____33____ the members of a team. I didn’t see my boys as losers. Instead, I pushed and ____34____ them. I helped them to see themselves ____35____, and they built themselves into winners. Winners are made, not born. 16. A. luck B. tests C. efforts D. nature 17. A. experiment B. experience C. visit D. show 18. A. operating B. editing C. designing D. coaching 19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new 20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with 21. A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret 22. A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand 23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about 24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention 25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship 26. A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. learners 27. A. rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor 28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced 29. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake 30. A. relax B. improve C. expand D. defend 31. A. shame B. leisure C. victory D. favour 32. A. chances B. excitements C. concerns D. offers 33. A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. affect 34. A. encouraged B. observed C. protected D. impressed 35. A. formally B. individually C. silently D. differently 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者通过改变自己对队员的态度，从把他们看作“失败者”转变为“胜利者”，并通过努力训练和积极鼓励，最终带领一支弱队逆袭战胜强队的故事，说明“胜利者是塑造出来的，而非天生”的道理。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：人们依靠自身的努力使自己成为胜利者。A. luck运气；B. tests测试；C. efforts努力；D. nature天性。根据后文“Winners are made, not born.”以及下文作者通过努力训练带领球队逆袭的故事可知，成为赢家依靠自身付出的努力。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：多年前我从一次经历中学到这个道理。A. experiment实验；B. experience经历；C. visit拜访；D. show演出。下文完整讲述作者执教球队的往事，是亲身经历，结合后文“From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can ____ the members of a team.”可知，是从一次经历中学到这个道理。 【18题详解】 考查动名词。句意：我在佐治亚州Baxley的一所学校担任总教练工作。A. operating操作；B. editing编辑；C. designing设计；D. coaching训练，执教。根据后文“Being the coach of the new team”可知，作者担任的是足球“教练”。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：春季训练结束时，学校老队伍对抗新队伍是一项传统。A. successful成功的；B. excellent优秀的；C. strong强壮的；D. new新的。根据前文“the school’s old team”、下文“Being the coach of the new team”以及“Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated.”可知，学校传统是老队和新队比赛。 【20题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：老队伍没有教练，他们甚至没有为这场比赛训练备战。A. cheer for为……欢呼；B. prepare for为……做准备；C. help with帮忙；D. finish with结束。根据空前“The old team had no coach, and they didn’t even practice”可知，老队没有教练，他们甚至不训练，没有为比赛做准备。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：我无法相信自己居然陷入这样的局面。A. believe相信；B. agree同意；C. describe描述；D. regret后悔。根据前文“I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated”可知，作者本以为自己的新队伍一定会赢，结果惨败，难以接受、不敢相信会遭遇这种情况。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：经过深思熟虑，我意识到我的球队可能不是佐治亚州第一，但他们依赖我。A. realize意识到；B. claim声称；C. permit允许；D. demand要求。根据上文“Thinking hard about it,”以及下文“that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were ____  me.”可知，这是作者思考后“意识到”一个事实。come to realize意为“逐渐意识到”，符合作者认真思考后醒悟的语境。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：仔细思考后，我逐渐意识到我的队伍或许不是佐治亚州第一的队伍，但他们依靠着我。A. reacting to回应；B. looking for寻找；C. depending on依靠；D. caring about关心。根据上文“Being the coach of the new team”可知，作者意识到虽然队伍不是全州最强，但是作者是教练，队员都依赖自己，因此需要做出改变。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：我必须改变自己看待他们能力与潜力的态度。A. decision决定；B. attitude态度；C. conclusion结论；D. intention意图。根据后文“how the attitude of the leader can affect the members”以及“I didn’t see my boys as losers.”可知，此处指改变对队员能力和潜力的态度。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：我开始竭尽所能帮他们建立一点自豪感。A. pride自豪；B. culture文化；C. fortune运气；D. relationship关系。根据上文“but to my disappointment we were defeated”以及倒数第二段中“I didn’t see my boys as losers. Instead, I pushed and ____ them. I helped them to see themselves ____, and they built themselves into winners.”可知，输球后队员士气低落，作者帮他们建立一点点自豪感。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：最重要的是，我开始把他们当作胜利者来对待。A. leaders领导者；B. partners伙伴；C. winners胜利者；D. learners学习者。根据后文“I didn’t see my boys as losers. Instead”以及“Winners are made”可知，作者改变态度，不把队员当失败者，开始把他们当赢家、胜利者对待。 【27题详解】 考查名词。句意：那个夏天，当其他队伍享受假期时，我们每天见面并练习传球和踢球。A. rewards奖励；B. vacations假期；C. health健康；D. honor荣誉。根据“That summer”可知，夏天通常是假期时间，其他队休假，而作者带队训练。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：那年夏天，当其他队伍享受假期时，我们每天见面并练习传球和踢球。A. risked冒险；B. missed错过；C. considered考虑；D. practiced练习。空后“passing and kicking football”是足球训练内容，符合训练的场景。practice doing sth. 意为“练习做某事”。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：在春季训练场惨败的六个月后，我们拿下第一场、第二场比赛，并且不断进步。A. defeat失败；B. decline衰退；C. accident事故；D. mistake错误。根据前文“Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated.”可知，春季对战老队伍输掉比赛，此处指春季训练赛遭遇失败的六个月后，suffer defeat“遭受失败”符合语境。 【30题详解】 考查动词。句意：在春季训练场惨败的六个月后，我们拿下第一场、第二场比赛，并且不断进步。A. relax放松；B. improve进步；C. expand扩张；D. defend防守。根据上文“we won our first game and our second, and continued to”以及下文“Finally, we faced the number one team in the state.”可知，队伍赢了一场又一场，持续进步，最终走到和州第一对阵的位置。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：我觉得就算输掉比赛，对我们而言也算是一场胜利。A. shame羞愧；B. leisure闲暇；C. victory胜利；D. favour恩惠。根据前文“Finally, we faced the number one team in the state.”可知，球队如今能和全州最强队伍交手，作者认为哪怕输给州第一，能走到这一步对他们来说已经是胜利。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：我的队员们击败了佐治亚州最好的队伍，给了我一生中最伟大的激动时刻之一。A. chances机会；B. excitements令人激动的事；C. concerns担忧；D. offers提议。根据上文“My boys beat the best team in Georgia”可知，作者的队伍打败了全州最强队，这是作者人生中最激动的经历之一。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：从这次经历中，我学到了很多关于领导者的态度如何影响团队成员的道理。A. surprise使惊讶；B. serve服务；C. interest使感兴趣；D. affect影响。根据上文“how the attitude of the leader”以及下文“I helped them to see themselves ____, and they built themselves into winners.”可知，教练心态改变，队员状态随之改变，体现领导态度对队员的影响。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意：相反，我督促并鼓励他们。A. encouraged鼓励；B. observed观察；C. protected保护；D. impressed留下印象。根据上文“I didn’t see my boys as losers.”、“Instead, I pushed and”以及下文“I helped them to see themselves”可知，作者不把队员当失败者，而是督促并鼓励他们，连词and连接并列正向动词，push“督促”与 encourage“鼓励”贴合教练行为。 【35题详解】 考查副词。句意：我帮助他们以不同的方式看待自己，而他们也把自己造就成了赢家。A. formally正式地；B. individually个别地；C. silently沉默地；D. differently不同地。根据上文“I had to change my ____ towards their ability and potential.”、“I didn’t see my boys as losers. Instead, I pushed and ____ them.”可知，作者帮助队员不再把自己当成失败者，而是不同地看待自己，最终凭借自身努力，一步步成为了胜者。 第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Louis Department of Education (LDOE)’s AI integration framework (一体化框架) is a comprehensive, responsible approach to maximizing AI’s benefits. Adopting a continuous cycle of exploration and improvement, it empowers schools to adopt AI responsibly while prioritizing (优先考虑) student safety and future readiness. The framework aims to create a sustainable environment that improves teaching, learning, and outcomes through research, policy, community involvement, and ongoing evaluation. Purpose & Research: This component stresses setting clear goals for AI integration. It involves researching evidence-based practices, assessing AI’s benefits and challenges, and identifying tools consistent with the city’s educational objectives to ensure purposeful and informed application. Evaluation & Monitoring: This component centers on assessing the impact of AI application in educational settings. It involves tracking student progress, measuring the effectiveness of AI tools and resources, and identifying areas for improvement. Regular monitoring ensures that AI initiatives are consistent with educational goals and adapt to the changing needs of students and educators. Engage Stakeholders (利益相关者): Recognising that AI integration impacts various key participants, this component emphasizes active engagement and cooperation. Stakeholders like educators, administrators, students, parents, policymakers, and community members are involved in the process to gather different perspectives, address concerns, and build support for AI initiatives. This approach promotes trust, ownership, and joint responsibility in shaping the future of AI in education. Policy & Guidance: This component addresses the need for clear guidelines and policies that govern AI’s responsible use in educational settings. It involves developing frameworks for data privacy (隐私), ensuring access to AI resources, and establishing standards for designing and using AI tools. Policy and guidance provide a structured approach to handling the complexities of AI integration and ensuring that it follows legal and educational principles. 36. What is the framework mainly intended to do? A. Encourage students to explore AI tools. B. Prepare schools for responsible AI use. C. Improve teaching by increasing AI use. D. Replace traditional teaching with AI tools. 37. Which of the following is not part of the “Purpose & Research”? A. Researching evidence-based practices. B. Assessing AI’s benefits and challenges. C. Ensuring student safety and future readiness. D. Identifying tools consistent with the educational objectives. 38. What does the component “Evaluation & Monitoring” focus on? A. Examining the effects of AI use. B. Monitoring students’ use of AI. C. Assessing student development in AI. D. Locating the weakness of AI tools. 39. The main participants in the AI integration do not include ________. A. educators and parents B. policymakers and students C. police officers and engineers D. administrators and community members 40. If a school wants to protect students’ personal data when using AI tools, which part should it refer to? A. Purpose & Research B. Policy & Guidance C. Engage Stakeholders D. Evaluation & Monitoring 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍路易斯教育局AI融合框架的四大板块及各板块的具体内容与作用。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The Louis Department of Education (LDOE)’s AI integration framework (一体化框架) is a comprehensive, responsible approach to maximizing AI’s benefits. Adopting a continuous cycle of exploration and improvement, it empowers schools to adopt AI responsibly while prioritizing (优先考虑) student safety and future readiness. The framework aims to create a sustainable environment that improves teaching, learning, and outcomes through research, policy, community involvement, and ongoing evaluation.(路易斯教育局（LDOE）的AI教育一体化框架是一套全面、负责任的方案，旨在最大化人工智能的应用价值。它采用探索与优化并行的持续循环模式，在优先保障学生安全、培养学生面向未来能力的前提下，支持各校合规、稳妥地引入AI技术。该框架致力于打造可持续的教育环境，通过研究制定、政策规范、社区参与和持续评估，全面提升教学质量、学习体验与最终育人成果。)”可知，该框架主要让学校做好负责任使用人工智能的准备。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It involves researching evidence-based practices, assessing AI’s benefits and challenges, and identifying tools consistent with the city’s educational objectives to ensure purposeful and informed application.(该环节围绕经实践验证的有效方法开展调研，全面评估人工智能的优势与潜在挑战，筛选出契合城市教育发展目标的工具，以此保障人工智能的应用方向明确、决策科学。)”可知，调研循证实践方案，评估人工智能的应用优势与潜在挑战，筛选匹配教育发展目标的适配工具均属于该板块内容，C选项不属于此板块。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“This component centers on assessing the impact of AI application in educational settings.(该板块核心是评估人工智能在教育场景中应用产生的影响。)”可知，评估与监督板块聚焦检验人工智能使用带来的效果。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Stakeholders like educators. administrators, students, parents, policymakers, and community members are involved in the process to gather different perspectives, address concerns, and build support for AI initiatives.(教师、行政管理人员、学生、家长、政策制定者及社区成员这类利益相关方都会参与到该流程中，以此收集多元视角的意见、回应各方关切，并为人工智能相关落地举措凝聚支持力量。)”可知，文中未提及警察和工程师。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It involves developing frameworks for data privacy, ensuring access to AI resources, and establishing standards for designing and using AI tools.(该板块包含制定数据隐私相关规范、保障人工智能资源可及性、设立人工智能工具设计与使用标准。)”可知，保护学生个人数据要参考政策与指导板块。 B When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions (误解). Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests. I’ve discovered that if I show students how what they learn is relevant to my hobbies, they’re much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their own hobbies. No matter what subject I’m teaching, I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom. For example, I’m a car aficionado, so when I teach physics, I contextualize (情境化) concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications. When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I focused on how doing so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself. What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy. Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. Best of all, my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own. 41. What brings a challenge to teachers according to the author? A. Students’ misunderstandings about teachers. B. Students’ false assumptions about learning. C. The irrelevance of textbooks to students’ life. D. The gap between teachers’ and students’ hobbies. 42. What does the underlined word “aficionado” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Lover. B. Manager. C. Producer. D. Designer. 43. Why does the author bring tires into the classroom? A. To teach an engineering skill. B. To explain the structure of a car. C. To share a real-life experience. D. To illustrate a scientific concept. 44. What was the unexpected outcome of the author’s teaching method? A. A higher class attendance rate. B. Better examination results. C. A closer teacher-student bond. D. More spare time for students. 45. Which of the following best describes the author as a teacher? A. Innovative. B. Humorous. C. Generous. D. Innocent. 【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. A 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述教师结合自身爱好授课，化解学生学习误区并拉近师生距离。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests.(学生们常常带着这样的想法走进教室：学习毫无乐趣，所学知识和现实无关，更谈不上贴合个人兴趣。)”可知，学生对学习存在错误认知，给教师带来挑战。 【42题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars.(所以我上物理课时，会用汽车相关知识把知识点融入真实情境。)”可知，作者十分喜爱汽车，aficionado意为“爱好者”。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications.(比如讲到摩擦力时，我会把不同轮胎带进教室，让学生动手实验，直观看到摩擦力在现实中的作用。)”可知，作者带轮胎是为了解释科学概念。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them.(但我很快发现，这种方式还能让我和学生建立更深厚的联系。)”可知，拉近师生关系是该教学方法意料之外的收获。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第二段中“No matter what subject I’m teaching, I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom.(无论教授哪门学科，我都会想办法把自己的爱好融入课堂。)”可知，全文作者自创将个人爱好融入课堂的教学方式，新颖独特。 C Human beings have always loved reviews: word of mouth has long been regarded as one of the most valuable marketing tools available to a company. Consumers enjoy reading and giving reviews. However, the problem is that a lot of the reviews are fake (假的). Shabnam Azimi and Alexander Krasnikov of Loyola University of Chicago and Kwong Chan of Northeastern University recently published a study on fake reviews. The study used a data set of 1,600 reviews of Chicago hotels. Some of them were real; others were fake. The reviews were presented to 400 volunteers. Each volunteer got eight reviews to read: a balanced set of two positive fake, two positive real, two negative fake and two negative real, presented in random order. The reviews were written by real people who were given information about the hotel. The results show that consumers generally trust negative reviews more than positive ones. Moreover, we humans tend to assume that positive reviews might be fake. “Overall, negative reviews are less common. So, we pay more attention to them. When a negative review is fake, we get tricked,” Azimi says. When it came to faking a review, length was important to believability, as was detail. A long, negative review of a hotel, complete with lots of information, tended to convince participants. A lengthy, positive review, on the other hand, was regarded as suspicious (可疑的), and participants tended to trust writers that kept their positive reviews short. Emotion was also important in convincing readers — or the lack of emotion, at least. Azimi says study participants tended not to trust reviews where the writers expressed their feelings in a big way. The more dispassionate that negative write-up, the more likely it was to take the reader in. The fake reviews written for Azimi’s study were put together by humans, but increasingly, fake reviews are being written by AI, which makes them look more real. AI-generated fake reviews mislead consumers and hurt reputable companies. With AI developing fast, such reviews are increasingly difficult to identify. Though many companies use algorithms (算法) to remove fake reviews, Azimi points out that the machines are programmed by humans, and due to our limited ability to spot fake reviews, this isn’t a good sign. 46. Which aspect of the study does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. Its design. B. Its findings. C. Its purposes. D. Its significance. 47. What can we learn about the reviews used in the study? A. All the reviews were written by hotel guests. B. Most of the reviews on the list were positive ones. C. Each participant read eight reviews in random order. D. They were mainly collected from big hotels across America. 48. What kind of review would readers most likely trust? A. A long, positive one. B. An unemotional, negative one. C. A short, negative one. D. An enthusiastic, positive one. 49. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Many companies are producing fake reviews. B. Writing fake reviews will be declared illegal. C. Machines can detect fake reviews accurately. D. It will be harder to recognize fake reviews. 50. What is the main idea of the passage? A. People prefer negative hotel reviews to positive ones. B. Researchers improve ways to write real hotel reviews. C. A study explores convincing fake reviews and AI-related risks. D. Algorithms can effectively help companies find out all fake reviews online. 【答案】46. A 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. C 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍一项虚假评论研究，说明易使人信服的假评论特征与AI假评论带来的隐患。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The study used a data set of 1,600 reviews of Chicago hotels. Some of them were real; others were fake. The reviews were presented to 400 volunteers. Each volunteer got eight reviews to read: a balanced set of two positive fake, two positive real, two negative fake and two negative real, presented in random order. The reviews were written by real people who were given information about the hotel.(该研究采用了包含1600条芝加哥酒店评价的数据集，其中部分评价真实，其余则为虚假内容。这些评价被分发给400名志愿者，每名志愿者需要阅读8条评价：包含2条虚假好评、2条真实好评、2条虚假差评、2条真实差评的均衡样本，且所有评价以随机顺序呈现。这些虚假评价由被提供了酒店相关信息的真实人员撰写完成。)”可知，本段介绍研究使用的数据、受试人员、实验流程，即研究设计。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Each volunteer got eight reviews to read: a balanced set of two positive fake, two positive real, two negative fake and two negative real, presented in random order.(每名志愿者需要阅读8条评价：包含2条虚假好评、2条真实好评、2条虚假差评、2条真实差评的均衡样本，且所有评价以随机顺序呈现。)”可知，每位参与者随机阅读八条评论。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“The more dispassionate that negative write-up, the more likely it was to take the reader in.(差评文字越客观冷静，越容易欺骗读者。)”可知，不带强烈情绪的差评最容易让人相信。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With AI developing fast, such reviews are increasingly difficult to identify.(随着人工智能快速发展，这类虚假评论越来越难识别。)”可推知，今后辨别虚假评论会变得更加困难。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。全文先提出虚假评论问题，再介绍相关研究，分析什么样的假评论更容易让人信服，最后指出AI生成假评论难以分辨的风险。“A study explores convincing fake reviews and AI-related risks.(一项研究探究容易令人信服的虚假评论以及与人工智能相关的各类风险。)”能概括文章主旨。 D Some scientists insist that once we discover the truth about the world, we are done. Anyone who refuses such truths, they suggest, is stupid or ignorant (无知的).Well, no. In science, what we do is both hard and, often, hard to explain. The history of science offers many examples of matters that scientists thought they had resolved, only to discover that these matters needed to be considered. Familiar examples include Earth as the center of the universe and the stability of continents. Science is a process of learning and discovery, and sometimes we learn that what we thought was right is wrong. To say that science is “true” or “permanent” is like saying that “beauty is absolute.” At best, it’s a bit off-key (不恰当的). The concept of beauty today is very different from what it was in ancient Greece or the Middle Ages, and so are most of our “laws” of nature. Other scientists may say scientific findings are true because they use “the scientific method.” But we can never actually agree on what that method is. Some will say it is observation and description of the world. Others will say it is the use of experience and experiment. Recently a leading scientist said the scientific method was to avoid fooling oneself into thinking something is true that is not. Each of these views has its value, but if the claim is that any one of these is the scientific method, then they all fail. History and philosophy have shown that the idea of a singular (唯一的) scientific method is unscientific. In fact, the methods of science have varied between disciplines and across time. Scientists have bitterly argued about which methods are the best, and, as we all know, bitter arguments rarely get resolved. In my view, science is not simple, and neither is the natural world. Our efforts to understand and explain the natural world are just that: efforts. Because we’re human, we often fall flat. The good news is that when that happens, we pick ourselves up, brush ourselves off, and get back to work. Understanding the world we live in, and using that knowledge to do useful things, is its own reward. 51. According to Paragraph 1, what is considered as truth in science ________. A. may have lasting value B. may need re-examining C. should be known to all D. should not be rejected 52. Why does the author mention “beauty” in Paragraph 2? A. To raise a question. B. To make a prediction. C. To illustrate an idea. D. To propose a solution. 53. What does the author think of the methods of science? A. They shouldn’t be used to fool the public. B. They rely heavily on observation and description. C. They seldom cause arguments among scientists. D. They shouldn’t be limited to a single method. 54. The last paragraph suggests that in doing science, we should ________. A. keep trying in spite of difficulties B. fight back against others’ criticisms C. give priority to economic rewards D. avoid making the same mistakes 55. What could be the best title for the passage? A. Efforts in Science: Dreaming Big B. Science: Endless Journey to Truth C. Scientists: Defenders of Science D. Scientific Method: Simple Choice 【答案】51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要反驳了科学真理永恒不变的观点，指出科学是不断探索修正的过程，不存在唯一的科学方法。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The history of science offers many examples of matters that scientists thought they had resolved, only to discover that these matters needed to be considered. (科学史上有许多这样的例子：科学家们认为自己已经解决了某些问题，结果却发现这些问题还需要重新审视。)”可知，在科学领域，被认定的真理可能需要重新检验。故选B项。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“To say that science is “true” or “permanent” is like saying that “beauty is absolute.” At best, it’s a bit off-key. The concept of beauty today is very different from what it was in ancient Greece or the Middle Ages, and so are most of our “laws” of nature. (说科学是“真实的”或“永恒的”，就好比说“美是绝对的”。这种说法往好了说，也是有些不恰当的。如今的美的概念与古希腊或中世纪时期大相径庭，我们的大多数自然“法则”亦是如此。)”可知，作者提及“美”是为了举例说明科学真理并非永恒不变的观点。故选C项。 【53题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“History and philosophy have shown that the idea of a singular scientific method is unscientific. In fact, the methods of science have varied between disciplines and across time. (历史学和哲学已经表明，存在唯一科学方法的想法是不科学的。事实上，科学方法在不同学科之间、不同时期都有所不同。)”可知，作者认为科学方法不应局限于一种单一的形式。故选D项。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Because we’re human, we often fall flat. The good news is that when that happens, we pick ourselves up, brush ourselves off, and get back to work. (因为我们都是普通人，所以我们常常会失败。但好消息是，当失败发生时，我们会重新振作起来，掸掉身上的尘土，然后继续投入研究。)”可知，作者认为做科学研究时，应该不惧困难、坚持不懈地尝试。故选A项。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了科学的本质，即科学是一个不断学习和发现的过程，科学的真理并不是永恒不变的，而科学的方法也不应该局限于一种单一的方法，而是需要不断地探索和发展，因此“科学：通往真理的无尽旅程”最适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 Haze Mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways. Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of line to hug him. They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes. Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection, Mabry thanked them all. “They’re like my children,” Mabry said. On a regular day, students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they’re not feeling well or other times to tell him about something that happened at break. He knows most of the kids at the school, but can’t name each one. Some of them make him know them. Like Faith, who often forgets her backpack in the cafeteria, and Lucy, who just wants a hug. “He won’t brag(夸耀) on himself, but it doesn’t matter what he’s doing or where he is, he will always stop what he’s doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He’s the most loved one in this building,” said Lori Gilreath, a reading teacher. Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don’t want to touch. He doesn’t expect a lot. Mabry said he hadn’t planned to do much for his milestone birthday, so he was happy the students had prepared the surprise celebration. Over the weekend, he worked through the piles of handmade cards at his house. One card from a student stood out to him. It read: “Mr. Haze, you are my sunshine.” 56. What is Mabry’s daily work as a school keeper？（no more than 5 words） 57. How did the students celebrate Mabry’s birthday？（no more than 15 words） 58. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（1 word） 59. Why is Mabry’s presence at the school important？（no more than 10 words） 60. Who is the “sunshine” in your life？Please explain. （no more than 20 words） 【答案】56. Cleaning the（school）building. Or: Doing（the）cleaning. Or: He cleans the（school）building. Or: He does（the）cleaning. 57. By lining the hallways，blowing noisemakers，singing a song，handing him cards，and hugging him. Or: By lining the hallways with（handmade）cards，blowing noisemakers，singing a song，and hugging him. Or: They lined the hallways，blew noisemakers，sang a song，handed him cards，and hugged him. Or: They lined the hallways with（handmade）cards，blew noisemakers，sang a song，and hugged him. 58. Love. Or: Liking. Or: Fondness. 59. （Because）he loves/cares about（the）students and works hard. Or: （Because）he loves（the）students and is devoted to his work. Or: （Because）he is kind/caring/helpful to the students，and hard-working. Or: （Because）he is regarded as a kind/warm-hearted/helpful/caring and hard-working man. 60. My father/mother. （Because）he/she loves me and encourages me when I'm faced/confronted with difficulties. Or: My teacher. （Because）he/she cares about me and prepares me for my future career. Or: My friend. （Because）he/she brings me joy/happiness and gives me a lot of comfort/help/encouragement. 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文中记叙了一位清洁工Mabry，他的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。Mabry爱学生，关心学生。学生们也尊敬他，喜欢他。在他80生日那天，学生们用自己的方式帮他庆祝生日，表达了对Mabry的热爱。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段Haze Mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways.可知，Haze Mabry是一位清洁工，他的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。因此本句的答案可为：Cleaning the (school) building；Or：doing (the) cleaning；Or: He cleans the (school) building；Or: He does (the) cleaning. 【57题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of line to hug him.可知，上个周五，他发现几乎有800名学生在走廊里排队，拿着手制卡片，吹口哨，为他唱了一首响亮的生日快乐歌，拥抱他。因此答案为：By lining the hallways, blowing noisemakers, singing a song, handing him cards, and hugging him. Or: By lining the hallways with (handmade) cards, blowing noisemakers, singing a song, and hugging him. Or: They lined the hallways, blew noisemakers, sang a song, handed him cards, and hugged him. Or: They lined the hallways with (handmade) card, blew noisemakers, sang a song, handed him cards, and hugged him. 【58题详解】 猜测词义题。根据第二段学生们为Mabry庆祝生日的方式和划线词后的内容Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection, Mabry thanked them all. “They’re like my children,” Mabry said.可知，Mabry爱学生，把学生当作自己的孩子。那么学生们也表达了他们对Mabry的热爱。因此Mabry被学生的爱所感动，故所以“affection”相当于“Love”，故填love，Or: liking. Or: Fondness. 【59题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容he will always stop what he’s doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He’s the most loved one in this building,”以及最后一段Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don’t want to touch. He doesn’t expect a lot.可知，Mabry关心爱护孩子，帮助孩子，是一个善良、热心的人。一个不怕脏不怕累、勤奋工作的人。因此答案为： (Because) he loves/cares about（the）students and works hard. Or: (Because) he loves the students and devoted to his work. Or: (Because) he is kind/caring /helping to the students , and hard-working. Or: (Because) he is regarded as a kind /warm-hearted /helpful/caring and hard-working man. 【60题详解】 考查综合表达能力。本题的题目：who is the “sunshine” in your life?（谁是你生活中的阳光？）只要在生活或学习中帮助过你，关心你、爱护你的，鼓励你，安慰你的都可称为your sunshine。因此答案可为： My father/mother.(Because) he/she loves me and encouraged me when I’m faced/confronted with difficulties. Or: My teacher.(Because) he/she cares about me and prepares me for my future career. Or: My friend.(Because) he/she brings me joy/happiness and gives me a lot of comfort/ help/ encouragement. 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 61. 假如你是李津，你校英语学习俱乐部决定举办主题为“Lessons from Nature”的英文征文活动，请从下列选题中选择一个进行投稿。 内容要求： (1)结合所学知识或自身经历，讲述你对大自然的观察与认知； (2)阐述大自然带给你的启发与感悟； (3)谈谈你将如何在学习和生活中践行这份感悟。 征文选题： (1) Growth Inspired by Nature (2) Wisdom from Nature’s Designs (3) Harmony Between Humans and Nature 注意： (1)可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯； (2)题目已给出，不计入总词数； (3)词数：不少于100词。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I choose the topic “Growth Inspired by Nature”. Last spring, I found a small wild sunflower that grew through the cracks of our old backyard wall. It got little soil and water, but it still grew tall and bloomed bright yellow flowers in summer. This made me realize that real growth never depends on perfect conditions. When I meet hard problems in math or feel upset about my school tasks, I always think of that sunflower. I will keep trying little by little, instead of giving up easily. I also decide to spend 10 minutes every day doing small things well, which helps me grow step by step. I believe that the quiet strength from nature will always push me forward. 【解析】 【导语】要求考生以李津的身份，从三个选题中选其一，围绕主题完成英文征文，讲述自然观察、感悟以及今后如何践行感悟。 【详解】1.词汇积累 选择：choose → select 裂缝：crack → gap 困难的：hard → tough 沮丧的：upset → frustrated 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I will keep trying little by little, instead of giving up easily. 拓展句：I will keep trying little by little, instead of giving up easily, no matter how many times I meet difficulties in my daily study. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Last spring, I found a small wild sunflower that grew through the cracks of our old backyard wall. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】This made me realize that real growth never depends on perfect conditions. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $