2026-2027学年【初升高英语衔接2】必修一Welcome Unit词汇精讲（含damageruindestroy辨析·effect搭配·strike一词多义） 课件

从 “quit”“volunteer”“responsible” 的正确形式中选择合适的词填空。 Last month, Tom decided to ____ his job because he wanted to have a change. Meanwhile, he was inspired by a local charity event and decided to ____ as a ____ in the community. He knew that being a ____ meant he needed to be ____ for organizing some activities. He hoped to help those in need and also develop his sense of ____. quit; volunteer; volunteer; volunteer; responsible; responsibility 9. prefer prefer – preferred – preferred – preferring (doing) sth to (doing) sth to do sth. rather than do sth. sth/to do/doing sth. sb. to do sth. that ... 比起在假期待在家里，他们更喜欢去国外旅行。 They prefer traveling abroad to staying at home during holidays. They prefer to travel abroad rather than stay at home during holidays. 2 Activity 1: Circle the correct word in each sentence. 1. Today's teenagers seem to prefer/like the Internet more than TV. 2. Martin did not enjoy pop music until he became a generation/teenager. 3. Which course did your teacher recommend to/with you? 4. Don't quit trying/to try if there is still hope. 5.The instructions on the box made him confusing/confused, and he did not know what to do. host host a basketball game host the opening ceremony a host family/city a graceful host of a talk show honour in honour of sb./in sb's honour have the honour of（doing）sth. be/feel honored（to do sth.） honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 It was a great honour to be invited here today. 今天承蒙邀请到此，深感荣幸。 We are honoured to have you here tonight. 今晚你来，我们倍感荣幸。 6 do/cause damage to sth eg.The heavy storm caused serious/dramatic damage to the roof. My car was terribly damaged in the car crash, but fortunately the kids were not severely hurt. He was hit by a car and suffered serious brain damage. damage n. loss of value, attractiveness or usefulness . vt. cause sth to become less good, pleasant, or successful. vt. break or spoil sth physically, or stop it from working properly. explain the word in English ruin vt. to ruin something means to severely harm, damage, or spoil it. n. severe damage or destruction She returned home and found all her furniture had been ruined by the flood. the ruin of civilization fall into/go into ruin 灭亡，荒废 be/lie in ruins pl. 废墟，遗迹 After the waves crashed into the beach, the sand castles lay in ruins. The failure in the exam ruined my confidence/my future. The unexpected storm ruined our plan for the coming holiday. use damage to explain ruin 1 2 2 3 4 3 Tell us what and why your day was ruined? The heavy rain ruined our picnic. A flat tire ruined my morning. Loud neighbors ruined my sleep. Her rude comment ruined the mood. The spoiled milk ruined my coffee. destroy to damage something so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists. The suffering of losing his husband in the air crash is close to destroying her. The building was completely destroyed by fire. destroy one's confidence/faith/hope destroy one's hopes, career, reputation use damage to explain ruin difference damage 通常指部分性的损坏，往往指价值，用途降低或外表损坏等；或表示可以修复的破坏。 ruin 强调“毁坏”，使美好的事情失去优良的特性，不能恢复。多用于抽象或非物理 destroy 指彻底地毁坏或毁灭,具体/抽象。 Exercise: A powerful typhoon hit Taizhou when Tom was traveling there. He was shocked to see that some buildings were badly __________. Some even completely __________ and had to be rebuilt. Of course, his trip was_________. destroyed damaged ruined destroyto damage something so badly that it can no longer be used or no longer exists. The suffering of losing his husband in the air crash is close to destroying her. The building was completely destroyed by fire. destroy one's confidence/faith/hope destroy one's hopes, career, reputation ruin 用ruin？ 不同？ 强调彻底崩溃：生理、心理或人生的全面摧毁，暗含“无法恢复”的绝望感。 例句： "The grief is destroying her—she hasn’t eaten or slept for days." （悲痛正在摧毁她——她已多日不吃不睡。） 适用场景：极端痛苦、健康/精神濒临崩溃。 2. 用 "ruining"（稍弱，但更自然） 强调持续性的严重伤害：生活、情绪或精神状态被严重破坏，但未必到“毁灭”程度。 例句： "Losing her husband is ruining her; she can’t focus on work or life." （失去丈夫正毁掉她，她无法专注工作或生活。） 适用场景：长期抑郁、生活质量崩塌（更贴近日常表达）。 "Losing her husband is ruining her; she can’t focus on work or life." The grief is destroying her—she hasn’t eaten or slept for days." Constant failures ruined his motivation. The criticism ruined my confidence. His anger ruined our movie night. The fire destroyed all evidence. The bomb destroyed the hospital, leaving no survivors. The wildfire destroyed thousands of acres of forest. ruin her生活不能正常 destroy her 程度更深 事件言语情绪，优先用ruin； 暴力自然灾害优先用destroy effect Global warming is having a great effect on hundreds of plant and animal species around the world. green house effect It is uncertain what side effect the medicine will bring about. bring/put...into effect 实施，实行 The new system will soon be put into effect. come into effect The new seat-belt regulations came into effect last week. in effect 在实施中，事实上 The two methods were in effect identical. 读一句 翻译一句 这项法律将于下个月生效。 The law will come into effect next month. 他的决定会影响到整个团队。 His decision will have an effect on the whole team. 全球变暖对北极熊的生存有很大影响。 Global warming has a great effect on polar bears' survival. 新的关税(tariff)会实施，然后下周会生效。它将对中美关系产生重大影响。事实上，我们并不想这么做是特朗普逼的。 The new tariffs will be put into effect and they will come into effect next week. They will have a great effect on China-US relations. In effect, we don't want to do this at all, but we were forced by Trump. What's more, these new tariffs may also bring about some side effects and produce an effect on the economic development of both countries. affect greatly shelter Graduation represents moving from the sheltered life of high school into a real but brutal world. In a thunderstorm it is dangerous to take shelter from the rain under a tree. They are standing under the shelter of a tree in a heavy down-pour, which is certainly risky. Trees are planted to shelter this area from strong sand storms. under the cover of: 在...遮蔽处 why are trees planted? where is he and why is he there? why shouldn’t he take shelter there? shelter Graduation represents moving from the sheltered life of high school into a real but brutal world. In a thunderstorm it is dangerous to take shelter from the rain under a tree. They are standing under the shelter of a tree in heavy down-pour, which is certainly risky. Trees are planted to shelter this area from strong sand storms. why are trees planted? where is he and why is he there? why shouldn’t he take shelter there? bury We need to bury the dead bodies as soon as possible to stop disease spreading. He was so awkward on the scene that he buried his face in his hands, tears streaming through fingers. He buries himself in the studies to pass the College Entrance Exam. be devoted to＝devote oneself to； be addicted to；apply onself to focus on； concentrate on； tell us a little story(bury) To prepare for the exam, Li Ming buried himself in his studies, forgetting meals and sleep. Unfortunately, he failed the exam and this failure ruined his confidence. He sighed, burying his face in his hands, tears streaming through fingers. crash Would you be kind enough to supply me with tips for fixing computer system crash? At that moment, we heard a huge crash and then silence. The plates crashed to the floor. When I was typing my essay, It was shocking that the computer crashed all of a sudden. a sudden loud noise made, for example, by sth falling or breaking 盘子哗啦一声摔碎在地上。 用 crash 的两种含义描述同一天发生的倒霉事： "My coffee cup crashed to the floor, and then my laptop crashed—worst morning ever!" I finally managed to put my baby to sleep, and a huge crash woke him up. It turned out it was a car crash nearby. My mood crashed after my computer crashed, deleting all the lesson plans. strike The church clock began to strike twelve. strike--struck--struck/stricken The boy fell, striking his head on the edge of the table. It struck me that we might have made the wrong decision. The bus drivers were striking for more money. They will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down. striking adj. 惊人的，引人注目的 stricken adj. 受灾的 strike my head strike twelve It struck me that... A brilliant idea struck me go on a strike strike for more money 击打头 击打脑袋 击打雇主 Could you weigh the apples in the balance? 3)I think it is important to strike//have//keep//maintain a balance between study and a social life, so I am going to join a few clubs. 4)She cycled around the corner, lost her balance and fell off. 5)I struggled to keep my balance on an icy street. 6) My bank balance isn't good. 7)Everyone ought to have a balanced state of mind. v. 权衡、平衡、对比 n. 平衡；天平 balance 1) He balanced the advantages and disadvantages. 2) Could you weigh the apples in the balance? 在...和...间保持平衡 失去平衡 保持平衡 账户余额 adj. 平衡的 物理平衡 保持稳定/不摔倒 "走钢丝" She lost her balance on the ice. 心理平衡 情绪/心态的稳定 "瑜伽冥想" A balanced mind reduces stress. 数量均衡 收支/对比的平衡 "天平两端" He balanced the pros and cons. 金融账户 银行余额 "钱包数字" My bank balance is low. strike//have//keep//maintain a balance between lost/keep her balance bank balance 四个平衡？ "为了达到心态的平衡，瑜伽士单腿保持完美平衡（身体平衡）的同时进行冥想（心理平衡）。冥想结束后，他查看了账户余额（财务平衡），然后仔细权衡了购买新瑜伽垫的利弊（权衡考量）。" "To achieve a balanced state of mind, the yogi maintained perfect balance on one leg while meditating. After his meditation session, he checked his bank balance, then carefully balanced the pros and cons of purchasing a new yoga mat." deliver Although we've planned to deliver the baby at home, we never expected to do it myself. Your blood cells must deliver nutrients to all other cells. It was thrilling that my favourite writer would deliver a speech at the invitation of the principal. to organize and/or do a particular activity to direct a group of people who are singing or playing music to lead or guide sb through or around a place to behave in a particular way to allow heat or electricity to pass along or through it a person's behaviour in a particular place or in a particular situation ~ of sth the way in which a business or an activity is organized and managed conduct 30 conduct v.组织；安排；带领；实施，进行；指挥；举止；表现 n.行为；举止；管理方法 1. Your conduct doesn’t agree with what you say. 2. The orchestra管弦乐队 is conducted by her father. 3. Recently we conducted a survey of 2000 senior students in order to learn more about students’ reading habits. 4.The guide conducted us around the ruins of the ancient city. behaviour lead organize guide conductor n．售票员；(合唱队等的)指挥者 31 选词填空（Fill in the Blanks） 用 conduct 的正确形式填空（注意时态和语态）。 The police officer __________ an investigation into the crime. Silver is a metal that __________ electricity efficiently. The students were praised for their good __________ during the school trip. Who will __________ the meeting if the manager is absent? The famous conductor will __________ the symphony（交响乐） at the concert tonight. conducted 2. conducts 3. conduct 4. conduct 5. conduct 32 字面引导 → 带领（如导游引导游客） 。 抽象引导 → 管理、指挥（如指挥乐队、导电导热） 。 行为引导 → 人的行为表现（因为行为是自我"引 导"的结果） donate Give way 让路或更替， Give in 认输要牢记； 一个中性一消极， 对象不同别乱替！" The strong winds eventually gave way ____ a clear sky, and the storm passed. She decided to give ___ trying to fix the old car and bought a new one. She didn't want to give in ____ peer pressure, so she made her own decisions. They stood there, giving _____the brochures to the passers-by. The old lamp gives ___ a soft, warm light that makes the room feel cozy. She determined to give ___ her old clothes to charity. 7. It was a supposed to be a surprise but the children gave it ____. 8. I need to give ___ the book I borrowed from the library before the due date. 9. After running the marathon, my legs started to give ___. I could barely move. to up to out off away away back out Winter gave way to spring. If you don’t give the secret away, I will give my book away to you. $