Units 1-2 (词汇综合练）英语译林版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦词汇多维度运用，通过一词多义、类比助记及语境化练习构建词汇-语法-语篇的逻辑链条，提升语言理解与表达能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |一词多义复习检测|6词多义+语境辨析|通过多语境考查词汇词性及语义|从核心词义到引申义，构建词汇语义网络| |英文类比助记单词|9组类比填空|基于语义关系（反义/近义）匹配|建立词汇间逻辑关联，强化语义理解| |单词拼写|10题首字母填空|结合语境考查词汇拼写与运用|巩固词汇记忆，衔接阅读与写作| |单句语法填空|10题词形转换|考查词性变化及语法规则|连接词汇与语法，提升语言准确性| |完成句子|10题中英互译|语境中考查句型及固定搭配|强化语言表达能力，落实语法应用| |语篇填空|3篇语法填空|综合考查语法、词汇及语篇逻辑|从单句到语篇，培养语篇理解与逻辑思维|

专题01 Units 1-2（词汇综合练） （建议用时：30分钟） 一、一词多义复习检测 （原创） 二、英文类比助记单词（原创） 三、单词拼写（给首字母）（原创） 四、单句语法填空（原创） 五、完成句子（原创） 六、语篇填空（原创+改编） 一、一词多义复习检测 1. tip n. & vt. 1）提示、建议（a piece of advice） 2）小费（extra money given to a waiter, etc.） 3）尖端、末端（the pointed end of something） 4）轻触、轻击（to touch something lightly） 5）倾斜、倾倒（to make something lean or pour out） 写出下列语境中tip的词性和中文意思。 While writing in a café, the ① tip of my pen broke. I ② tipped it softly to fix it, but I accidentally ③ tipped my coffee cup. The waiter gave me a useful ④ tip on cleaning. I gave him a ⑤ tip as thanks. ① n. 尖端、末端；② v. 轻触、轻击；③ v. 倾斜、倾倒；④ n. 提示、建议；⑤n. 小费） 我在咖啡馆写作，笔尖坏了。轻触试图修好，却不慎倾斜了咖啡杯。服务员给出清理建议。我最后给小费表示感谢。 2. character n. 1）品质、性格（moral qualities） 2）特点、特征（distinguishing qualities） 3）人物、角色（a person in a story） 4）文字、字体（a written symbol, e.g., Chinese character 汉字） 写出下列语境中character的词性和中文意思。 In the story, the main ① character is a brave girl. Her best ② character is kindness. What makes her special is a unique ③ character — she can write beautiful Chinese ④ characters. They show her cultural pride. ① n. 人物、角色；② n. 品质、性格；③ n. 特点、特征；④ n. 文字、字体） 我在介绍一个故事中的主角，她的优秀品质是善良，她独有的特点是能书写漂亮的汉字，这体现了文化自豪感。 3. goal n. 1）目标、目的（an aim or objective） 2）进球得分（a point scored in sports like football） 3）球门（the frame into which players try to score） 写出下列语境中goal的词性和中文意思。 In the final match, the young forward ran towards the ① goal. He kicked the ball hard and scored a ② goal. That moment, he remembered his lifelong ③ goal — to fight for his team with all his heart. ① n. 球门；② n. 进球得分；③ n. 目标、目的 我在描述一场决赛中的场景——年轻前锋跑向球门，用力射门得分，那一刻他想起自己一生奋斗的目标就是为团队全力拼搏。 4. shoot v. 1）射击、开枪（to fire a gun, arrow, etc.） 2）冲、奔、迅速移动（to move suddenly and quickly） 3）拍摄（to film or photograph） 4）（植物）发芽、长出（to grow new parts） 写出下列语境中shoot的词性和中文意思。 In spring, trees ① shoot new buds. I love to ② shoot them with my camera. A rabbit suddenly ③ shoots past me. I would never ④ shoot it; I just enjoy the beauty of nature. ① v. 发芽、长出；② v. 拍摄；③ v. 冲、奔、迅速移动；④ v. 射击、开枪） 我在春天观察自然——树木发出新芽，我用相机拍摄这美景，突然一只兔子快速冲过，我绝不会用枪射击它，只是静静欣赏。 5. spot n. & vt. 1）斑点、污点（a small mark on a surface） 2）地点、场所（a particular place） 3）发现、认出（to see or notice someone/something） 写出下列语境中spot的词性和中文意思。 I found a nice ① spot under a big tree. There was a small ② spot on my book, so I wiped it off. Then I ③ spotted a rare bird singing above me. ① n. 地点、场所；② n. 斑点、污点；③ v. 发现、认出 我在大树下找到一个好位置坐下，发现书上有个小斑点便擦掉了，随后抬头发现一只稀有鸟儿在头顶歌唱。 6. rate n. & vt. 1）速度、进度（the speed at which something happens） 2）比率、率（a measurement of the number of times something happens） 3）评估、评价（to judge the value or quality of something） 写出下列语境中rate的词性和中文意思。 In our English class, the teacher asked us to ① rate our reading speed. She told us the passing ② rate is 95%, but we should keep a steady ③ rate of improvement. ① v. 评估、评价；② n. 比率、率；③ n. 速度、进度 在英语课上，老师让我们评估自己的阅读速度，并告诉我们班级的通过率是95%，但我们应该保持稳定的进步速度。 二、英文类比助记单词 1. Senior is to junior as older is to ______. 【答案】younger 【详解】本题考查反义关系。senior（级别高的/年长的）与junior（级别低的/年轻的）互为反义词；同样，older（较年长的）与younger（较年轻的）也互为反义词。两对词的方向一致，均为“长→幼”，故填younger。 中文翻译：年长者之于青少年，如同较年长者之于较年轻者。 2. Goal is to aim as target is to ______. 【答案】objective 【详解】本题考查同义关系。goal（目标）与aim（目的）为同义词；target（目标）与objective（目标）也为同义词。两组均为“目标”的同义替换，故填objective。 中文翻译：目标之于目的，如同靶子之于目标。 3. Forward is to ahead as backward is to ______. 【答案】behind 【详解】本题考查同义关系。forward（向前）与ahead（向前）为同义副词；backward（向后）与behind（在后面）亦为同义（均表示“向后/在后面”）。两对词的方向性对应一致，故填behind。 中文翻译：向前之于向前，如同向后之于在后面。 4. Resource is to material as tool is to ______. 【答案】instrument 【详解】本题考查近义关系。resource（资源）与material（材料）在“可被利用的物品”这一含义上相近；tool（工具）与instrument（器具、工具）也互为近义词。两组均表示“可利用的工具或材料”，故填instrument。 中文翻译：资源之于材料，如同工具之于器具。 5. Opportunity is to chance as problem is to ______. 【答案】difficulty 【详解】本题考查近义关系。opportunity（机会）与chance（机会、可能性）为同义词；problem（问题、难题）与difficulty（困难、难题）为近义词。两组均表示“需要面对的情况”，故填difficulty。 中文翻译：机会之于可能性，如同问题之于困难。 6. Anxious is to calm as insecure is to ______. 【答案】secure 【详解】本题考查反义关系。anxious（忧虑的）与calm（镇静的）互为反义词；同样，insecure（不安全的、不安心的）与secure（安心的、可靠的）也互为反义词。两组均表示“不安→安心”的对立关系，故填 secure。 中文翻译：忧虑的之于镇静的，如同不安全的之于安心的。 7. Struggle is to battle as argue is to ______. 【答案】debate 【详解】本题考查同义关系。struggle（奋斗/斗争）与 battle（战斗/斗争）为近义词；argue（争论）与 debate（辩论/争论）也为近义词。两组均表示“激烈的话语或行动对抗”，故填 debate。 中文翻译：奋斗之于战斗，如同争论之于辩论。 8. Calm is to anxious as relaxed is to ______. 【答案】worried 【详解】本题考查反义关系（情绪状态）。calm（镇静的）与anxious（忧虑的）互为反义词；relaxed（放松的）与worried（担忧的）也互为反义词。两对均表示内心情绪的对立，故填worried。 中文翻译：镇静的之于忧虑的，如同放松的之于担忧的。 9. Shoot is to target as press is to ______. 【答案】button 【详解】本题考查动作与作用对象的关系。shoot（射击）的动作对象是target（靶子/目标）；press（按压）的动作对象是button（按钮）。两组均为“动作→直接受动对象”的逻辑，故填button。 中文翻译：射击之于靶子，如同按压之于按钮。 三、单词拼写（给首字母） 1．The new policy provides more o______ for young people to start their own businesses. 【答案】 opportunities 【详解】 考查名词复数。句意：新政策为年轻人创业提供了更多机会。首字母为 o，结合句意可知是 opportunity（机会）；more 后接可数名词复数，故填 opportunities。 2．Facing the c______, he chose to rise to it instead of giving up. 【答案】 challenge 【详解】 考查名词。句意：面对挑战，他选择迎难而上而非放弃。首字母为 c，搭配 rise to（能够处理），可知填 challenge（挑战），为单数形式。 3．Her positive a______ towards difficulties always inspires her teammates. 【答案】 attitude 【详解】 考查名词。句意：她面对困难的积极态度总是激励着她的队友。首字母为 a，固定搭配 attitude towards（对……的态度），故填名词 attitude。 4．It is essential to keep a b______ between work and leisure. 【答案】 balance 【详解】 考查名词。句意：保持工作和休闲之间的平衡是至关重要的。首字母为 b，固定搭配 keep a balance between... and...，故填 balance。 5．He earns his living as a p______ football player. 【答案】 professional 【详解】 考查形容词。句意：他以职业足球运动员的身份谋生。首字母为 p，根据“earns his living”（谋生）可知，此处强调“职业的”，只能用 professional（专业的；职业的）。故填 professional。 6．The artist showed us a new t______ for painting with watercolors. 【答案】 technique 【详解】 考查名词。句意：那位艺术家向我们展示了一种用水彩作画的新技巧。首字母为 t，结合句意“技巧”可知填 technique（技巧；技能），前面有 a new，用单数形式。 7．The building caught fire, and the staff followed the e______ evacuation plan (应急疏散方案) immediately. 【答案】emergency 【详解】考查名词。句意：大楼起火，员工立即按照应急疏散方案撤离。首字母 e，结合 exit plan（撤离计划）可知是“紧急情况”的出口计划，emergency 作定语，故填 emergency。 8．Many v______ came to help clean up the park after the storm. 【答案】volunteers 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：暴风雨后许多志愿者来帮忙清理公园。首字母 v，主语为 Many，后接可数名词复数，volunteer 复数加 -s，故填 volunteers。 9. Her p______ in the final exam was excellent, which surprised everyone. 【答案】performance 【详解】考查名词。句意：她在期末考试中的表现非常出色，让所有人惊讶。首字母 p，形容词性物主代词 Her 后接名词，结合 exam 可知是“表现”，故填 performance。 10．We need a more f______ schedule so that everyone can attend. 【答案】flexible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们需要一个更灵活的时间表，以便每个人都能参加。首字母 f，修饰 schedule，意为“灵活的”，故填 flexible。 四、单句语法填空 1．The ______ (improve) economy these years has brought more job opportunities. 【答案】 improving 【详解】 考查非谓语动词（现在分词）。句意：这些年不断改善的经济带来了更多就业机会。此处用现在分词improving 作定语修饰 economy，表示“正在改善的”，体现主动和进行意义。故填 improving。 2．______ (challenge) by his classmates, he worked even harder. 【答案】 Challenged 【详解】 考查非谓语动词（过去分词）。句意：被同学挑战后，他更加努力了。此处用过去分词 Challenged作状语，与主语 he 构成被动关系，表示“被挑战”。句首首字母需大写。故填 Challenged。 3．He suggested ______ (exchange) ideas with the foreign students. 【答案】 exchanging 【详解】 考查非谓语动词（动名词）。句意：他建议与外国学生交换想法。动词 suggest 后接动名词作宾语，表示“建议做某事”，故exchange需变为exchanging。故填exchanging。 4．All the ______ (resource) should be fully made use of. 【答案】resources 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：所有资源都应该被充分利用。resource为可数名词，前有All the修饰，表示复数概念，故应用其复数形式resources。故填resources。 5．She always keeps a ______ (positively) attitude towards life. 【答案】 positive 【详解】 考查形容词。句意：她对生活总是保持积极的态度。此处用形容词positive作定语修饰名词attitude，表示“积极的”，要用形容词。故填positive。 6．______ (fortunate), he arrived just in time for the interview. 【答案】 Fortunately 【详解】 考查副词。句意：幸运的是，他及时赶到面试。此处用副词 Fortunately 修饰整个句子，作评注性状语，表示“幸运地”。句首首字母大写。故填 Fortunately。 7．The famous ______ (design) of this bridge is a young man. 【答案】designer 【详解】考查词性变化（动词→名词）。句意：这座桥的著名设计师是一位年轻人。空格前有 The famous，后接名词作主语，且指人，故将动词 design 变为表示“设计者”的名词 designer。 8．The ______ (press) from the crowd was too much. 【答案】pressure 【详解】考查词性变化（动词→名词）。句意：来自人群的压力太大了。空格前有 The，后接名词作主语，故将动词 press 变为名词 pressure（压力）。 9．Her ______ (graduate) from university was a big event. 【答案】graduation 【详解】考查词性变化（动词→名词）。句意：她从大学毕业是一件大事。空格前有物主代词 Her，后接名词作主语，故将动词 graduate 变为名词 graduation（毕业）。 10. The doctor performed an ______ (operate) on the patient to save his life. 【答案】operation 【详解】考查名词。句意：医生给病人做了手术来挽救他的生命。perform an operation 为固定搭配，意为“做手术”，故填名词形式operation。 五、完成句子 1．收到大学录取通知书后，他迫不及待地告诉父母这个好消息。 After receiving the admission letter from the university, he _______________ 【答案】 couldn't wait to tell the good news to his parents/ couldn't wait to tell his parents the good news. 【详解】 考查固定短语“迫不及待做某事”。句意：……他迫不及待地告诉父母这个好消息。can't wait to do意为“迫不及待做某事”，根据语境“收到录取通知书”为过去事件，且主句用过去时，故将 can't 改为 couldn't，后接动词原形 tell。注意双宾语的两种不同呈现形式。 2．简而言之，成功的关键在于坚持不懈的努力。 _______________, the key to success lies in persistent effort. 【答案】 Put simply 【详解】 考查固定插入语。句意：简而言之，成功的关键在于坚持不懈的努力。Put simply 为固定短语，意为“简而言之”，常置于句首作评注性状语，注意首字母需大写。故填 Put simply。 3．每个人都应该意识到，即使是一点小小的善举也能带来改变。 Everyone should realize that even a small act of kindness can _______________. 【答案】 make a difference 【详解】 考查固定短语“有影响/有作用”。句意：……即使是一点小小的善举也能带来改变。make a difference意为“有影响，有作用”，符合语境。情态动词can后接动词原形，故填make a difference。 4．面对挑战，他相信自己有能力应对任何困难。 Facing the challenge, he believes that he can _______________. 【答案】 rise to any difficulty 【详解】考查固定短语“能够处理/应对”。句意：……他相信自己有能力应对任何困难。rise to 意为“能够处理（挑战、困难）”，后接名词 any difficulty。情态动词 can 后接动词原形，故填 rise to。 5．这项建议对我们未来的发展极具价值。 This proposal _______________ great value for our future development. 【答案】 is of 【详解】 考查“be of + 抽象名词”结构。句意：这项建议对我们未来的发展极具价值。be of + 抽象名词意为“具有……（属性）”，此处 great value 为抽象名词短语，主语 This proposal 为单数，故用 is of。该结构相当于 is very valuable。故填 is of。 6．由于恶劣的天气，航班被迫取消。 The flight was cancelled _______________. 【答案】 as a result of the bad weather 【详解】 考查介词短语“由于”。句意：由于恶劣的天气，航班被迫取消。as a result of 意为“由于”，后接名词或名词短语 the bad weather，表示原因。故填 as a result of the bad weather。 7．在发言之前，你应该把问题充分考虑。 Before making a speech, you should ____________. 【答案】think through the issue 【详解】考查短语“think sth. through”（充分考虑、想透）。句意：……你应该把问题充分考虑。情态动词 should 后接动词原形，故填 think through the issue。 8．争吵之后，他最终承认错误并向朋友道歉。 After the quarrel, he finally ____________ and apologized to his friend. 【答案】backed down 【详解】考查短语“back down”（承认错误、退让）。句意：……他最终承认错误并向朋友道歉。描述过去动作，用一般过去时，back 的过去式为 backed，故填 backed down。 9．她感到紧张，于是深呼吸以使自己镇静下来。 She felt nervous, so she took a deep breath to ____________. 【答案】calm down 【详解】考查短语“calm down”（镇静下来）。句意：……深呼吸以使自己镇静下来。to 后接动词原形，故填 calm down/calm herself down。 10．妈妈总是因为我的房间凌乱而烦扰我，但我会整理好它。 My mother is always ____________ my messy room, but I will clean it up. 【答案】on my back about 【详解】考查短语“be on one's back about sth”，意为“因某事烦扰/唠叨某人”。句意：妈妈总是因为我的房间凌乱而烦扰我。空格前已有is always，后接介词短语作表语，故填on my back about，其中my指代说话者自己（妈妈烦扰的对象），符合语境和固定搭配。整个句子表达了一种日常小烦恼，但最后承诺会收拾，内容积极向上。 六、语篇语法填空：语境中综合考查语法、词汇和语篇逻辑。阅读下面三篇短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 A （原创）I am writing to ask for advice on my relationship with my teenage son. To tell the 1 truth, I often struggle to get along with him. 2 we have argued with each other a great deal. He is anxious about his skin because it 3 (start) to become very oily, with lots of red spots. He is always angry these days and seems to have less 4 (confident). I keep telling him that these changes are normal, and that things will turn 5 just fine. Of course, I wanted to show how 6 (concern) I was about his condition, so I asked him to see a doctor. But then he became angry and we had a big argument. He told me that I 7 (put) even more stress on him by talking about his spots all the time. In the end, I sent him to his room. After 8 (calm) down, he felt better, 9 it took some time. The whole experience was really terrible and I do not want 10 to go through the same thing again. What is it that I should do? 答案与详细解析 1.【答案】truth 【详解】考查固定搭配。To tell the truth意为“说实话、老实说”，是固定短语，需用名词truth，不可填形容词true或副词truly。 2.【答案】Recently 【详解】考查时间状语和时态呼应。句首作时间状语，且主句使用现在完成时have argued，表示“最近一段时间我们争吵了很多”。Recently（最近）常与现在完成时连用，首字母需大写。若填Lately也可，但Recently更常见且符合语境。不能填Now或Then，因为时态不符。 3.【答案】started 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：他的皮肤开始变得很油。此处描述过去发生的动作（皮肤开始变油是已发生的事实），且because从句中start的动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时started。不能填has started，因为此处侧重单纯过去事实，无延续至今的强调。 4.【答案】confidence 【详解】考查词性变化（形容词→名词）。句意：他最近总是生气，似乎信心不足。空格前有less（更少的），后接不可数名词，故将形容词confident变为名词confidence，构成have less confidence（信心更少）。less不能修饰形容词原形。 5.【答案】out 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：事情会好起来的。turn out为固定动词短语，意为“结果是、证明是”，后接just fine作补足语。不可填up（turn up意为“出现、调高”），也不可填其他介词或副词。 6.【答案】concerned 【详解】考查词性变化（名词→形容词）。句意：我当然想表达我对他状况的担忧程度。此处为how + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语的感叹/宾语从句结构，作show的宾语。将名词concern变为形容词concerned，表示“担忧的”，修饰I。若填concern则词性不符。 7.【答案】was putting 【详解】考查过去进行时。句意：他告诉我，我当时一直在谈论他的斑点，给他施加了更大的压力。此处描述过去某个时间点（儿子生气时）正在进行的动作，强调“一直谈论”的过程，故用过去进行时was putting。若填put（一般过去时）则只表动作本身，不强调持续性；若填had put（过去完成时）则强调“已经施加”，与上下文语境不符。was putting为最佳答案。 8.【答案】calming 【详解】考查非谓语动词（动名词）。句意：平静下来之后，他感觉好些了。介词After后接动名词作宾语，且calm down为不及物短语，故用现在分词calming构成After calming down，表示“在平静下来之后”。不能填calmed，因为介词后不可接过去分词。 9.【答案】but 【详解】考查连词（转折关系）。句意：他平静下来后感觉好些了，但是花了一些时间。前后句为转折关系（好多了 vs. 花时间），故用并列连词but连接。若填and则表顺承，逻辑不符；若填so则表因果，也不成立。 10.【答案】to go 【详解】考查非谓语动词（不定式）。句意：我不想再经历同样的事情。want to do sth.固定搭配，意为“想要做某事”，故填不定式to go。go through为固定短语，意为“经历（困难、痛苦等）”。不能填going，因为want后不接动名词作宾语。 B Every Saturday night, Mama carefully counted Papa’s money at the kitchen table. She set aside coins for rent, groceries, and school 1 (supply). After Papa asked his usual question, "Is that all?" and Mama 2 (nod) with a smile, she would say, “Good. We don't have to go to the Bank.” Those words made us feel safe and 3 (pride) of our family’s secret fund. When Nels finished grammar school 4 wanted to attend high school, we held a family meeting around the table. I took down the “Little Bank” box for emergencies. The money inside was not enough for his tuition. Mama reminded us not 5 (use) the real Bank account. So we each offered help: Nels would work after school, Papa quit smoking, and I babysat the Elvington children 6 Christine's assistance. We added up our contributions and finally reached the 7 (need) amount. We felt relieved that we had avoided 8 (touch) Mama's Bank. Later, the Little Bank paid for Christine’s dress and Dagmar’s operation. We always trusted the Bank stood behind us. Twenty years later, 9 I gave Mama my first story check to deposit, she admitted gently, “There is no account. I’ve never been inside a bank.” She explained it was 10 white lie to protect us from feeling poor. At that moment, I fully understood her loving lie. 【答案】 1. supplies 2. nodded 3. proud 4. and 5. to use 6. with 7. needed 8. touching 9. when 10. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是缩写的记叙文，讲述了妈妈用虚构的银行账户给孩子们安全感的感人故事。 【1题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：她把硬币留出来用于房租、食品杂货和学校用品。supply表示“用品”时常用复数形式supplies，故填supplies。 【2题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：爸爸问完“就这些吗？”，妈妈微笑着点头。此处描述过去发生的动作，与asked并列，应用一般过去时，故填nodded。 【3题详解】 考查形容词。句意：那些话让我们感到安全，并为家里的秘密基金感到自豪。feel proud of为固定搭配，意为“以……为傲”，故填proud。 【4题详解】 考查连词。句意：当Nels读完文法学校并想上高中时，finished和wanted是并列谓语，表示顺承关系，应用and连接，故填and。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：妈妈提醒我们不要动用真正的银行账户。remind sb not to do sth为固定用法，意为“提醒某人不要做某事”，故填to use。 【6题详解】 考查介词。句意：我在Christine的帮助下照看Elvington家的孩子。with one’s assistance表示“在某人的帮助下”，为固定短语，故填with。 【7题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：我们加总了各自的贡献，最终达到了所需的金额。need与amount之间为被动关系，用过去分词needed作定语，修饰amount，故填needed。 【8题详解】 考查动名词。句意：我们感到庆幸，因为避免了动用妈妈的银行账户。avoid doing sth为固定搭配，意为“避免做某事”，故填touching。 【9题详解】 考查连词。句意：二十年后，当我把第一笔稿费支票交给妈妈去存时，她温和地承认……。此处用when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，故填when。 【10题详解】 考查冠词。句意：她解释说那是一个善意的谎言。white lie为可数名词单数，且white以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a，表示“一个”。 C （2025高一上·湖南长郡中学·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 The mothers of Mother’s Day How do you celebrate Mother’s Day? Nowadays, Mother’s Day is about gift-giving 1 the origins of this celebration are quite different. Julia Ward Howe was the first person 2 (propose) a mother’s day in the United States. In 1872, she set up Mother’s Peace Day in Boston, 3 became a yearly celebration in a number of cities. But Mother’s Peace Day never became an official holiday. Mother’s Day, as we now know, instead owes it origin 4 the efforts of Ann and Anna Jarvis. In 1858, Ann began a tradition of Mother’s Work Days. She asked doctors to teach her and her 5 (neighbor) how to improve the health of their families. She also 6 (organize) women’s clubs that provided medicine for the poor and helped families where the mother was sick. Ann wished that there could be a 7 (globe) holiday celebrating mothers. When she died on 9 May 1905, her daughter Anna wanted to fulfill her mother’s wish. On the 8 (three) anniversary of her mother’s death, Anna gave a speech, asking people of all ages to remember their mothers by words and gifts. 9 idea spread quickly throughout the country. In 1914, President Woodrow Wilson decided that the second Sunday in May would 10 (celebrate) as Mother’s Day. 【答案】 1. but 2. to propose 3. which 4. to 5. neighbors 6. organized 7. global 8. third 9. The 10. be celebrated 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了母亲节的起源和发展历程。 【1题详解】 考查连词。句意：如今，母亲节是送礼物的节日，但这个庆祝活动的起源却截然不同。前半句说母亲节的当下庆祝方式，后半句表转折，指其起源与之不同，应用连词but连接。故填but。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：朱莉娅·沃德·豪是第一个在美国提议设立母亲节的人。根据空前the first person可知，空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，名词由序数词修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to propose。 【3题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1872年，她在波士顿设立了和平母亲节，后来在一些城市成为了一年一度的庆祝活动。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Mother’s Peace Day，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 【4题详解】 考查介词。句意：而我们如今所知的母亲节，其起源要归功于安和安娜·贾维斯的努力。owe...to...是固定短语，意为“归功于……”。故填to。 【5题详解】 考查名词。句意：她请医生教她和她的邻居如何改善家人的健康。根据空前形容词性物主代词her可知，空处应用名词neighbor，结合语境可知，邻居不止一个，应用名词复数形式。故填neighbors。 【6题详解】 考查时态。句意：她还组织了妇女俱乐部，为穷人提供药品，帮助母亲生病的家庭。空处作谓语，根据上文asked和下文helped可知，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填organized。 【7题详解】 考查形容词。句意：安希望能有一个庆祝母亲的全球性节日。根据空后名词holiday可知，空处应用形容词global“全球的”，作定语修饰名词。故填global。 【8题详解】 考查序数词。句意：在她母亲去世三周年之际，安娜发表了演讲，要求各个年龄段的人都用言语和礼物来纪念他们的母亲。根据空前定冠词the和空后anniversary可知，空处应用序数词third，表示“第三”。故填third。 【9题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这个想法很快传遍了全国。根据句意可知，此处特指上文提到的安娜发表演讲提出的想法，应用定冠词the修饰，句首单词首字母大写。故填The。 【10题详解】 考查语态。句意：1914年，伍德罗·威尔逊总统决定将五月的第二个星期日定为母亲节。空处作谓语，celebrate和主语the second Sunday in May之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词would后接动词原形。故填be celebrated。 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 Units 1-2（词汇综合练） （建议用时：30分钟） 一、一词多义复习检测 （原创） 二、英文类比助记单词（原创） 三、单词拼写（给首字母）（原创） 四、单句语法填空（原创） 五、完成句子（原创） 六、语篇填空（原创+改编） 一、一词多义复习检测 1. tip n. & vt. 1）提示、建议（a piece of advice） 2）小费（extra money given to a waiter, etc.） 3）尖端、末端（the pointed end of something） 4）轻触、轻击（to touch something lightly） 5）倾斜、倾倒（to make something lean or pour out） 写出下列语境中tip的词性和中文意思。 While writing in a café, the ① tip of my pen broke. I ② tipped it softly to fix it, but I accidentally ③ tipped my coffee cup. The waiter gave me a useful ④ tip on cleaning. I gave him a ⑤ tip as thanks. 2. character n. 1）品质、性格（moral qualities） 2）特点、特征（distinguishing qualities） 3）人物、角色（a person in a story） 4）文字、字体（a written symbol, e.g., Chinese character 汉字） 写出下列语境中character的词性和中文意思。 In the story, the main ① character is a brave girl. Her best ② character is kindness. What makes her special is a unique ③ character — she can write beautiful Chinese ④ characters. They show her cultural pride. 3. goal n. 1）目标、目的（an aim or objective） 2）进球得分（a point scored in sports like football） 3）球门（the frame into which players try to score） 写出下列语境中goal的词性和中文意思。 In the final match, the young forward ran towards the ① goal. He kicked the ball hard and scored a ② goal. That moment, he remembered his lifelong ③ goal — to fight for his team with all his heart. 4. shoot v. 1）射击、开枪（to fire a gun, arrow, etc.） 2）冲、奔、迅速移动（to move suddenly and quickly） 3）拍摄（to film or photograph） 4）（植物）发芽、长出（to grow new parts） 写出下列语境中shoot的词性和中文意思。 In spring, trees ① shoot new buds. I love to ② shoot them with my camera. A rabbit suddenly ③ shoots past me. I would never ④ shoot it; I just enjoy the beauty of nature. 5. spot n. & vt. 1）斑点、污点（a small mark on a surface） 2）地点、场所（a particular place） 3）发现、认出（to see or notice someone/something） 写出下列语境中spot的词性和中文意思。 I found a nice ① spot under a big tree. There was a small ② spot on my book, so I wiped it off. Then I ③ spotted a rare bird singing above me. 6. rate n. & vt. 1）速度、进度（the speed at which something happens） 2）比率、率（a measurement of the number of times something happens） 3）评估、评价（to judge the value or quality of something） 写出下列语境中rate的词性和中文意思。 In our English class, the teacher asked us to ① rate our reading speed. She told us the passing ② rate is 95%, but we should keep a steady ③ rate of improvement. 二、英文类比助记单词 1. Senior is to junior as older is to ______. 2. Goal is to aim as target is to ______. 3. Forward is to ahead as backward is to ______. 4. Resource is to material as tool is to ______. 5. Opportunity is to chance as problem is to ______. 6. Anxious is to calm as insecure is to ______. 7. Struggle is to battle as argue is to ______. 8. Calm is to anxious as relaxed is to ______. 9. Shoot is to target as press is to ______. 三、单词拼写（给首字母） 1．The new policy provides more o______ for young people to start their own businesses. 2．Facing the c______, he chose to rise to it instead of giving up. 3．Her positive a______ towards difficulties always inspires her teammates. 4．It is essential to keep a b______ between work and leisure. 5．He earns his living as a p______ football player. 6．The artist showed us a new t______ for painting with watercolors. 7．The building caught fire, and the staff followed the e______ evacuation plan (应急疏散方案) immediately. 8．Many v______ came to help clean up the park after the storm. 9. Her p______ in the final exam was excellent, which surprised everyone. 10．We need a more f______ schedule so that everyone can attend. 四、单句语法填空 1．The ______ (improve) economy these years has brought more job opportunities. 2．______ (challenge) by his classmates, he worked even harder. 3．He suggested ______ (exchange) ideas with the foreign students. 4．All the ______ (resource) should be fully made use of. 5．She always keeps a ______ (positively) attitude towards life. 6．______ (fortunate), he arrived just in time for the interview. 7．The famous ______ (design) of this bridge is a young man. 8．The ______ (press) from the crowd was too much. 9．Her ______ (graduate) from university was a big event. 10. The doctor performed an ______ (operate) on the patient to save his life. 五、完成句子 1．收到大学录取通知书后，他迫不及待地告诉父母这个好消息。 After receiving the admission letter from the university, he _______________ 2．简而言之，成功的关键在于坚持不懈的努力。 _______________, the key to success lies in persistent effort. 3．每个人都应该意识到，即使是一点小小的善举也能带来改变。 Everyone should realize that even a small act of kindness can _______________. 4．面对挑战，他相信自己有能力应对任何困难。 Facing the challenge, he believes that he can _______________. 5．这项建议对我们未来的发展极具价值。 This proposal _______________ great value for our future development. 6．由于恶劣的天气，航班被迫取消。 The flight was cancelled _______________. 7．在发言之前，你应该把问题充分考虑。 Before making a speech, you should ____________. 8．争吵之后，他最终承认错误并向朋友道歉。 After the quarrel, he finally ____________ and apologized to his friend. 9．她感到紧张，于是深呼吸以使自己镇静下来。 She felt nervous, so she took a deep breath to ____________. 10．妈妈总是因为我的房间凌乱而烦扰我，但我会整理好它。 My mother is always ____________ my messy room, but I will clean it up. 六、语篇语法填空：语境中综合考查语法、词汇和语篇逻辑。阅读下面三篇短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 A （原创）I am writing to ask for advice on my relationship with my teenage son. To tell the 1 truth, I often struggle to get along with him. 2 we have argued with each other a great deal. He is anxious about his skin because it 3 (start) to become very oily, with lots of red spots. He is always angry these days and seems to have less 4 (confident). I keep telling him that these changes are normal, and that things will turn 5 just fine. Of course, I wanted to show how 6 (concern) I was about his condition, so I asked him to see a doctor. But then he became angry and we had a big argument. He told me that I 7 (put) even more stress on him by talking about his spots all the time. In the end, I sent him to his room. After 8 (calm) down, he felt better, 9 it took some time. The whole experience was really terrible and I do not want 10 to go through the same thing again. What is it that I should do? B （原创）Every Saturday night, Mama carefully counted Papa’s money at the kitchen table. She set aside coins for rent, groceries, and school 1 (supply). After Papa asked his usual question, "Is that all?" and Mama 2 (nod) with a smile, she would say, “Good. We don't have to go to the Bank.” Those words made us feel safe and 3 (pride) of our family’s secret fund. When Nels finished grammar school 4 wanted to attend high school, we held a family meeting around the table. I took down the “Little Bank” box for emergencies. The money inside was not enough for his tuition. Mama reminded us not 5 (use) the real Bank account. So we each offered help: Nels would work after school, Papa quit smoking, and I babysat the Elvington children 6 Christine's assistance. We added up our contributions and finally reached the 7 (need) amount. We felt relieved that we had avoided 8 (touch) Mama's Bank. Later, the Little Bank paid for Christine’s dress and Dagmar’s operation. We always trusted the Bank stood behind us. Twenty years later, 9 I gave Mama my first story check to deposit, she admitted gently, “There is no account. I’ve never been inside a bank.” She explained it was 10 white lie to protect us from feeling poor. At that moment, I fully understood her loving lie. C （2025高一上·湖南长郡中学·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 The mothers of Mother’s Day How do you celebrate Mother’s Day? Nowadays, Mother’s Day is about gift-giving 1 the origins of this celebration are quite different. Julia Ward Howe was the first person 2 (propose) a mother’s day in the United States. In 1872, she set up Mother’s Peace Day in Boston, 3 became a yearly celebration in a number of cities. But Mother’s Peace Day never became an official holiday. Mother’s Day, as we now know, instead owes it origin 4 the efforts of Ann and Anna Jarvis. In 1858, Ann began a tradition of Mother’s Work Days. She asked doctors to teach her and her 5 (neighbor) how to improve the health of their families. She also 6 (organize) women’s clubs that provided medicine for the poor and helped families where the mother was sick. Ann wished that there could be a 7 (globe) holiday celebrating mothers. When she died on 9 May 1905, her daughter Anna wanted to fulfill her mother’s wish. On the 8 (three) anniversary of her mother’s death, Anna gave a speech, asking people of all ages to remember their mothers by words and gifts. 9 idea spread quickly throughout the country. In 1914, President Woodrow Wilson decided that the second Sunday in May would 10 (celebrate) as Mother’s Day. 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $