Unit 3 Sports and Fitness(重难词汇精练)英语人教版必修第一册

2026-07-08
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 高中英语人教版必修第一册
年级 高一
章节 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness
类型 题集-专项训练
知识点 词汇
使用场景 同步教学-新授课
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 417 KB
发布时间 2026-07-08
更新时间 2026-07-08
作者 名师英语提分坊
品牌系列 上好课·上好课
审核时间 2026-07-08
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/58714055.html
价格 3.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

**基本信息** 聚焦运动主题词汇,构建“基础-语境”双阶训练体系,系统归纳词汇用法与语境应用技巧,提升语言能力与学习策略。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|重点单词29个、核心短语17个、重点句式2类|词汇用法(搭配/转换)与句式结构系统归纳,如compete的“compete with/against sb. for sth.”等固定搭配|从单词记忆到词性转换、短语积累,再到句式应用,形成“基础认知-规则内化”逻辑链| |词汇语境练|单句语法填空25题、语法填空2篇、完形填空1篇|通过语境强化词汇运用,如语法填空结合太极文化语篇考查词形转换|从单句语法到语篇填空,实现“基础训练-综合应用”的能力递进,培养语言综合运用能力|

内容正文:

Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 重难词汇精练 答案 6、 单词拼写 1.【答案】legends 【详解】句意:好莱坞也为牛仔文化与牛仔传奇故事做出了巨大贡献。空处需填名词作宾语,名词legend表示“传奇故事”,此处表各类牛仔传奇,用复数名词legends。 2.【答案】determination 【详解】句意:她表现出极大的决心克服困难并赢得了比赛。根据汉语提示“决心”可知填determination,为不可数名词,作宾语。 3.【答案】championship 【详解】句意:教练激励全队,让他们怀着夺冠的决心奋力拼搏。 空前定冠词the后需填入名词作win的宾语,championship表示“冠军称号”。 4.【答案】hosted 【详解】句意:后来她进入中央电视台主持节目。根据汉语提示“主持”,and连接并列谓语,前文went为一般过去时,此处填动词过去式hosted表示“主持”。 5.【答案】stress/pressure 【详解】考查名词。句意:医生长时间工作,检查和处理很多病人,他们的压力很大。短语under pressure“在压力之下”,故填pressure。 6.【答案】positive 【详解】句意:面对失败的积极心态能让学生在学习过程中不断成长。“积极的”是形容词positive,在句中作前置定语,修饰名词attitude。 7.【答案】strength 【详解】句意:男孩用尽全身力气搬起了那块石头。根据汉语提示可知,此处为名词strength“力量”作宾语,符合语境。 8.【答案】marathon 【详解】考查名词。句意:我想参加今年的冬季马拉松赛跑。你想和我一起去吗?马拉松赛跑为“marathon”。故填marathon。 9.【答案】athletes 【详解】考查名词。句意:在活动期间,将向最杰出的运动员颁发奖牌。根据汉语提示“运动员”可知,用名词athlete,作宾语,结合语境可知,最杰出的运动员不止一个,应用复数。故填athletes。 10.【答案】medal 【详解】考查名词。句意:前年他在羽毛球锦标赛中赢得了一枚金牌。根据句意和汉语提示可知,空处应填名词medal“奖章”,由空前a可知,应用名词单数形式,作won的宾语。故填medal。 11.【答案】events 【详解】考查名词的数。句意:这位历史学家提醒道,我们应该把这些事件置于其历史背景中去看待。根据汉语提示“事件”及空格前的these可知,此处使用可数名词event的复数形式events,作宾语。故填events。    12.【答案】audience 【详解】考查名词。句意:她的音乐吸引了广大观众。根据汉语提示“观众”可知,此处为名词audience,作appeals to的宾语,audience是集合名词,此处表示广大观众这一群体。故填audience。 13.【答案】Millions 【详解】考查数词。句意:数百万人参观了这座500英尺长的石桥。根据汉语提示“百万”,以及空后复数名词people可知,此处表示“数百万的”,应用数词million的复数形式与of搭配,构成固定短语millions of,且位于句首首字母需大写。故填Millions。 14.【答案】optimistic/positive 【详解】考查形容词。句意:考虑到目前有诸多难题需要应对,您是否仍然对虚拟现实的未来抱有乐观的态度呢?根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用形容词optimistic/positive,作表语。故填optimistic或positive。 15.【答案】sweat 【详解】考查名词。句意:他擦去脸上的汗水,匆匆走进了自己的房间。根据汉语提示“汗水”可知,此处使用不可数名词“sweat”,作动词“wiped”的宾语,构成“wiped the sweat off his face(擦去脸上的汗水)”的常见表达,故填sweat。 7、 完成句子 1.【答案】 Even if/though the sense of humor 【详解】句意:虽然幽默感是一种自然特征,但它也可以通过社交活动来发展。the sense of humor表示 “幽默感”作主语;even if/though意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句,句首单词首字母大写。 2.【答案】 pretend that 【详解】考查动词和宾语从句。Don't后接动词原形;结合中文句意可知是pretend,后面是宾语从句,从句成分齐全,句意完整,用that连接,故填pretend;that。 3.【答案】 competing for 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“为……而竞争”短语为compete for,结合上文are可知为现在进行时。故填competing for。 4.【答案】 make a difference 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。表示“对……产生影响”应用动词短语make a difference,位于助动词will后面,使用动词原形。故填①make;②a;③difference。 5.【答案】 make sense 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知,空格处意为“有道理”,是固定短语make sense,由doesn’t可知,时态是一般现在时,make用原形,故填make,sense。 6.【答案】 shouldn’t/not lose heart 【详解】考查动词短语和虚拟语气。这个英文对照,空处为“不要丧失信心”,表示“丧失信心”用lose heart,recommend后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“(should) +动词原形”,从句谓语用(should) not lose heart表示“不要丧失信心”。故填shouldn’t/not lose heart。 7.【答案】 now and then 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“偶尔”,用固定短语now and then,在句中作状语。故填①now②and③then。 8.【答案】 track and field 【详解】考查名词短语。表示“田径运动”用名词短语track and field,作介词at的宾语。故填①track;②and;③field。 9.【答案】 weaknesses and strengths 【详解】考查名词。“弱点”用名词weakness表示,“长处”用名词strength表示,“和”用并列连词and连接,“弱点和长处”不止一个,用名词复数。故填①weaknesses;②and;③strengths。 一、单句语法填空 1.【答案】honoured 【详解】句意:了解你的梦想与规划,我感到十分荣幸。 系动词后需使用形容词作表语,honour的形容词形式为honoured,固定搭配be honoured to do sth.表示“很荣幸做某事”。 2.【答案】Fitness 【详解】句意:健身已经成为我们生活中重要的一部分。 空格处在句中作主语,需用名词fitness,意为“健康、健身”,不可数,首字母大写。 3.【答案】competitor 【详解】句意:一等奖颁给了最年轻的参赛者。 形容词最高级the youngest后需接名词作介词to的宾语,compete是动词,表示“竞争”,指人的名词形式为competitor,意为“参赛者、选手”,表示特指,用单数。 4.【答案】determination 【详解】句意:凭借决心与耐心,我们能克服成功路上的任何困难。介词with后接名词,determination“决心”为不可数名词。 5.【答案】failure 【详解】句意:考试失利后,这名学生认为自己是个失败者。冠词后使用名词,动词fail对应的名词failure,意为“失败者”。 6.【答案】injury 【详解】句意:他因上个月比赛造成的腿部伤病离开了篮球队。此处需要名词作介词宾语,injure是动词,其名词形式为injury,意为“受伤;伤病”,所以此处为injury,不定冠词a修饰单数名词。 7.【答案】stories 【详解】句意:各类减肥成功案例都推崇均衡饮食而非极端方式。此处作主语,谓语动词highlight为动词原形,说明主语是复数名词,story的复数形式是stories。 8.【答案】strength/ strengths 【详解】考查名词。句意:我们应该了解自己的长处,并以勇气和信心去面对挑战。用名词形式,在句中作宾语。strong的名词形式为strength,表示“长处,优点”,为可数名词,泛指某方面长处或多方面长处,可用单数或复数形式。故填strength(s)。 9.【答案】difference 【详解】考查名词。句意:小的行动可以对我们的环境和社会产生影响。“make a difference”是固定短语,意为“产生影响”,名词difference作宾语。故填difference。 10.【答案】positively 【详解】考查副词。句意:我们应该积极面对学习和生活中的困难。本空修饰动词face,作状语,用副词positively“积极地”。故填positively。 11.【答案】to master 【详解】考查不定式。句意:实践使人能够掌握一门外语。make it possible to do sth.是固定短语,意为“使做某事成为可能”,其中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式,故填to master。 12.【答案】errors 【详解】考查名词复数。句意:你应该仔细检查你的作业并及时改正错误。本空作correct的宾语,用名词error“错误”,error是可数名词,此处表示不止一个错误,应用复数形式errors。故填errors。 13.【答案】Jogging 【详解】考查名词。句意:经常慢跑是保持精力充沛和减轻压力的好方法。“慢跑”作主语,用名词jogging,不可数名词;句首首字母大写。故填Jogging。 14.【答案】slimmer 【详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意:经过三个月的规律锻炼,她看起来比以前苗条健康多了。根据句中的than以及并列的比较级healthier可知,此处应用slim的比较级形式;slim为重读闭音节结尾的形容词,需双写末尾辅音字母m再加-er,故填slimmer。 15.【答案】Compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:与篮球相比,足球是莎拉最喜欢的(运动)。本句已有谓语is,空处为非谓语动词,compare与逻辑主语soccer之间为被动关系,即“足球被和篮球作比较”,所以用过去分词作状语,位于句首,首字母大写。故填Compared。 16.【答案】to pass 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:足球运动员假装将球传给队友,然后带球过掉了防守球员。pretend to do sth.为固定短语,表示“假装做某事”,空处需填动词不定式。故填to pass。 17.【答案】boxing 【详解】考查名词。句意:我选择拳击是因为它是我最喜欢的运动。提示词作宾语,用名词boxing,意为“拳击(运动)”。故填boxing。 18.【答案】living 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:旅行者会习惯在不同的气候和生活条件下生活。结合句意表示“习惯做某事”可知短语为get used to doing sth.,后跟动名词作宾语。故填living。 19.【答案】surprising 【详解】考查形容词。句意:香港特别行政区的国家安全法受到香港居民的热烈欢迎,这并不奇怪。surprise“使惊奇;使惊诧”为动词,现在分词转化的形容词surprising意为“令人惊讶的”。以后缀–ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人,如果它们所修饰的名词是事物,那它们指的也是与人相关的事务。以后缀 -ing 结尾的形容词主要用于说明事物,表示事物的性质或特征,若用它们说明人,则表示此人具有某性质或特征。此句的真正主语是that从句,it是形式主语,主语为一件事情。故填surprising。 20.【答案】to change 【详解】考查非谓语。句意:能够通过教育改变至少一代人,是我最大的安慰。固定短语:be able to do “能干某事”,所以空白处填to change。故填to change。 21.【答案】harder 【详解】考查副词比较级。句意:王老师教我们要比以前更努力练习,永不放弃。根据空后的than可知空处应填入副词的比较级形式。hard具有副词词性,意为“努力地”,故填harder。 22.【答案】rudely 【详解】考查副词。句意:我无法想象那个男孩对你说话如此粗鲁。根据speaking可知此处要用副词。故填rudely。 23.【答案】embarrassed 【详解】考查形容词。句意:在他的广播室里,萨太尴尬了不能与少数几位上网的客人交流。分析句子结构可知,was为系动词,后面需加形容词作表语,主语Sa为人,此处表示“人的感受”,需用-ed结尾的形容词embarrassed。故填embarrassed。 24.It upsets me (hear) the news of his being fired from his first job. 【答案】to hear 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:听到他第一份工作被解雇的消息,我很难过。根据句型“It upsets sb. to do sth.做某事使某人心烦”可知,该空应用to hear,it作形式主语,正在的主语是后面的不定式短语。故填to hear。 25.【答案】glorious 【详解】考查形容词。句意:我们坚持不懈,战胜了对手,取得了辉煌的胜利。分析句子结构可知,空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词victory;glory的形容词为glorious“辉煌的”。故填glorious。 二、语法填空 Passage 01 【答案】 1.to name 2.significantly 3.elements 4.has developed 5.was added 6.chosen 7.when 8.the 9.practicing 10.With 【导语】本文主要介绍了联合国教科文组织设立3月21日为国际太极拳日,以及太极拳的起源、发展、文化内涵与全球影响。 【详解】 1.考查非谓语动词。句意:2025年11月5日,北京讯——联合国教科文组织第43届大会通过了一项决议,将3月21日定为国际太极拳日。 句中有谓语passed,括号里的name作动词,其前无并列连词,要将其变成非谓语动词;________(name) March 21 International Taijiquan Day作后置定语修饰抽象名词resolution,起解释说明的作用,要用动词不定式to name。 2.考查副词。句意:太极拳日的设立是一项重要决定,这体现了太极拳极大地助力于全球健康、文化交流乃至世界和平。在how引导的宾语从句中,所填词作程度状语修饰谓语动词contributes,要将形容词significant变成副词significantly。 3.考查名词。句意:太极拳植根于阴阳平衡,融合了传统医学、武术和哲学思想的元素。combines是谓语动词,其后要接名词;括号里的element是名词,意为“元素”,结合其后的of traditional medicine, martial arts, and philosophical thought可知,元素不止一种,要将element变成复数名词elements。 4.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:历经几个世纪,它已发展成为陈氏、杨氏、武(郝)氏、孙氏等几大主要流派,如今被全球数百万人练习。Over several centuries是现在完成时的时间状语,所填词作谓语;主语it是单数代词,和谓语develop into(发展成为)之间是主动关系,要用现在完成时的主动语态has+过去分词developed。 5.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:2020年,太极拳被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。In 2020是一般过去时的时间状语,主语Taijiquan是单数名词,无法发出动作,与所填谓语add之间是语义上的被动关系,要用一般过去时的被动语态was+过去分词added。 6.考查非谓语动词。句意:被选定的3月21日是春分,这一天昼夜等长。句中有谓语is,所填词作前置定语修饰名词date,要将括号里的动词choose变成非谓语动词;由于date与choose是逻辑上的动宾关系,即“日子被挑选”,要用过去分词表示被动含义,choose的过去分词是chosen。 7.考查定语从句。句意:被选定的3月21日是春分,这一天昼夜等长。________day and night are of equal length是关系词引导的定语从句修饰时间名词a day,该从句是主系表结构,缺时间状语,关系副词when符合要求。 8.考查冠词。句意:这完美契合太极拳的核心理念:人与自然和谐共生。所填词修饰名词core,要用冠词,此处特指太极拳独一无二的核心理念,且后面有of 所有格结构限定范围,要用定冠词the。 9.考查非谓语动词。句意:研究还发现,练习太极拳从长远来看有益于身心健康。在that引导的宾语从句中,________(practise) Taijiquan作主语,要用非谓语动词;结合“in the long run”可知,练习太极拳是习惯性动作,而非具体一次,要用动名词形式practicing。 10.考查介词。句意:凭借其广泛的普及度,太极拳继续在全球范围内促进和平与跨文化对话。_____its wide popularity在句首作伴随状语,要用介词;结合其后的its wide popularity可知,介词with表示“凭借”,符合句意;with放在句首,首字母w要大写。 Passage 02 【答案】 1.is believed 2.which 3.to achieve 4.beyond 5.but 6.scientifically 7.a 8.has spread 9.practiced 10.combination 【导语】文章主要讲述了太极拳的起源、内涵、健身功效及其在全球的传播与发展。 【详解】 1.考查动词时态、语态与主谓一致。句意:太极拳被联合国教科文组织认定为世界非物质文化遗产,据信起源于数百年前的中国。Tai Chi与believe之间是被动关系,此处表示客观事实,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为单数,故填入is believed。 2.考查定语从句。​句意:这门武术由缓慢而优雅的动作组成,每一个动作都需要配合深呼吸并全神贯注地完成。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为movements,指物,在从句中作介词of的宾语,用which引导该从句。 3.考查非谓语动词。句意:在古代,它既是一种有效的自卫方式,也是达成内心平和的一种手段。名词“means(手段、方法)”后常用不定式作后置定语,故achieve“实现,达成”的不定式形式。 4.考查介词。句意:由于内在的和谐难以言喻,掌握太极拳需要多年的练习和极大的耐心。根据后文“mastering Tai Chi takes years of practice”可知,太极的内在和谐很难用语言描述,固定搭配beyond description​意为“难以形容,无法描述”。 5.考查连词。句意:因为真正的领悟不在于模仿,而在于其蕴含的中国传统哲学。根据前文“doesn’t lie in”可知,此处构成固定搭配 not... but...,意为“不是……而是……”。 6.考查副词。句意:科学证明,经常练习太极拳对身体和精神都有益,因为它不仅能改善平衡能力,还能缓解压力。空处需用副词修饰动词proven作状语, scientific的副词形式为scientifically“科学地”。 7.考查冠词。句意:作为一种独特的武术,它也深受外国人的喜爱。此处表示泛指“一种独特的武术”,且unique以辅音音素开头,故填不定冠词a。 8.考查动词时态。句意:近几十年来,出于对中国传统文化的好奇,太极拳在全球范围内迅速传播。根据时间状语“In recent decades”可知,此处表示从过去持续到现在的状态,应用现在完成时,主语Tai Chi为单数,故填入has spread。 9.考查非谓语动词。句意:太极拳通常是在公园里由老年人练习,如今它已进入更多的学校和社区,在那里能看到年轻的学习者在打太极拳。动词practice“练习”与其逻辑主语Tai Chi之间构成被动关系,应用过去分词作状语。 10.考查名词。句意:传统遗产与现代生活的结合,让更多人领略到它深厚的魅力,并使其生生不息。根据空前的定冠词The和空后的of可知,空处需填名词作主语,combine的名词为combination“结合”。 三、完形填空 Cloze 01 【答案】 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.D 11.C 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.B 【导语】文章讲述了篮球队赛后发现计分失误,全队主动归还奖杯,坚守赛场诚信本心的故事。 【详解】1.考查动词。句意:他们的教练布兰登・金在周末从未联系过他们,此刻却催促他们返回体育馆。A. praised赞扬;B. followed跟随;C. contacted联系;D. welcomed欢迎。根据上文“The players on the Academy basketball team knew something was wrong.”可知,球员们觉得不对劲,因为教练原本周末从不联系他们,现在却催促大家回体育馆。 2.考查形容词。句意:他们在前一晚刚拿下冠军,此刻众人心里却有些局促不安。A. relieved宽慰的;B. awkward尴尬的;C. excited兴奋的;D. nervous紧张的。根据上文“The players on the Academy basketball team knew something was wrong.”可知,球员们觉得不对劲,刚赢冠军却被紧急召回,因此感到紧张不安。 3.考查动词。句意:金教练宣布:“我们实际以42比43输给了阿帕奇队,计分员算错了比分。”A. miscounted数错;B. disregarded漠视;C. disallowed驳回;D. misinterpreted误解。根据上文“They had won the championship the night before”及“We actually lost to Apache 43 — 42”可知,实际比分是他们队输了,说明记分员数错了比分。 4.考查动词短语。句意:但这并不会抹杀我为你们感到的骄傲,也无法否定我们一路付出的努力。A. reflect on反思;B. take away夺走,减去;C. bring out显现;D. make for有助于。根据上文“We actually lost to Apache 43 — 42”可知,实际他们队输了比赛,但这并不会减少教练对队员的骄傲。 5.考查副词。句意:尽管如此,他们依旧难以接受这个事实。A. Still仍然;B. Moreover此外;C. Instead反而;D. Therefore因此。根据上文“But this doesn’t ________ how proud I am of you and how hard we worked to get here.”可知,尽管教练安慰队员,但这件事对队员来说依然难以接受。 6.考查动词。句意:经过二十分钟商讨,全队决定将奖杯归还给真正的冠军阿帕奇队。A. managed设法;B. struggled奋力;C. pretended假装;D. decided决定。根据上文“Within 20 minutes’ debating”可知,经过讨论,球队决定归还奖杯。 7.考查形容词。句意:这场比赛身体对抗激烈,战况胶着紧张。A. balanced平衡的;B. casual随意的;C. intense激烈的;D. flexible灵活的。根据下文“Scoring was back and forth until the fourth quarter, when Apache pulled away by 14 points.”可知,比分一直胶着,直到第四节时,阿帕奇队领先14分,说明比赛十分激烈。 8.考查动词。句意:学院队队员不肯轻言放弃,奋力反扑,接连命中进球。A. learned得知;B. refused拒绝;C. hesitated犹豫;D. tended倾向。根据上文“Scoring was back and forth until the fourth quarter, when Apache pulled away by 14 points.”可知,到第四节时,阿帕奇队领先14分,但队员拒绝放弃、奋力反击。 9.考查动词。句意:队员们欣喜沸腾,可教练内心却隐隐感到不安。A. erupted爆发;B. sweated流汗;C. nodded点头;D. escaped逃离。根据上文“Ultimately, they hit a 3-point buzzer-beater to top Apache by a point.”可知,压哨赢球后,队员们情绪爆发(欢呼庆祝),erupt此处表示(情绪)爆发,符合赢球后的反应。 10.考查名词。句意:当晚他反复回看赛事录像,逐一核对每一个得分。A. pass传递;B. shot投篮;C. touch触碰;D. point分数。根据下文“His gut was right: An Academy shot was mistakenly counted due to the recordkeeper’s poor angle.”可知,教练怀疑比分错误,因此重放录像逐分核对。 11.考查动词。句意:次日清晨,他先通知了篮球赛事人员,随后告知队内队员实情。A. blamed指责;B. questioned质疑;C. informed告知;D. lectured训斥。根据上文“His gut was right: An Academy shot was mistakenly counted due to the recordkeeper’s poor angle.”可知,教练发现错误后,先通知了篮球官方人员,inform符合逻辑。 12.考查名词。句意:次日清晨,他先通知了篮球赛事人员,随后告知队内队员实情。A. families家人;B. assistants助手;C. players队员;D. fans粉丝。根据上文“His gut was right: An Academy shot was mistakenly counted due to the recordkeeper’s poor angle.”可知,教练发现错误后,对自己的队员说明了情况。 13.考查动词。句意:在队员的支持下,金教练驱车前往阿帕奇队归还奖杯。A. deliver递送;B. exchange交换;C. reclaim收回;D. display展示。根据上文“Within 20 minutes’ debating, the whole team ________ to turn the trophy over to the rightful champions, Apache.”可知,经过讨论,球队决定归还奖杯,因此教练开车把奖杯送还给阿帕奇队。 14.考查名词。句意:“我知道我们本不必这么做,”金说道,“但对我们而言,诚实远不止是一个奖杯那么简单。阿帕奇队在球场上赢得了冠军,而我们在这里也赢得了属于我们的荣誉。”A. determination决心;B. effort努力;C. reputation名声;D. honesty诚信。结合全文可知,主动归还奖杯,对这支球队来说,诚实比奖杯更重要。 15.考查介词短语。句意:“我知道我们本不必这么做,”金教练说道,“但对我们而言,诚实远不止是一个奖杯那么简单。阿帕奇队在球场上赢得了冠军,而我们在这里也赢得了属于我们的荣誉。”A. on camera在镜头前;B. on court在赛场上;C. in time及时;D. in sight看得见。结合全文可知,此刻教练感悟:阿帕奇队在球场上通过比赛赢得冠军,而他们球队主动归还奖杯,坚守赛场诚信的本心也赢得了属于他们的荣誉。 学科网(北京)股份有限公22 / 59 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 1 三、核心短语 四、重点句式 五、重点单词精讲 2 六、单词拼写 6 七、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、单句语法填空 9 二、语法填空............................................................................................................................. 三、完形填空 11 一、重点单词 1.event n. 比赛项目;大事;公开活动 2.host vt. 主办;主持;n. 主人;东道主;节目主持人 3.track n. 跑道;足迹;铁路轨道;vt. & vi. 追踪;跟踪 4.sweat vt. 使出汗;出汗弄湿;vi. 出汗;流汗;n. 汗水;出汗 5.legend n. 传奇故事(或人物);传说 6.athlete n. 运动员;运动健儿 7.master n. 高手;主人;vt. 精通;掌握 8.honour n. 荣誉;尊敬;荣幸 9.glory n. 荣誉;光荣;赞美 10.medal n. 奖章;勋章 11.championship n. 锦标赛;冠军赛;冠军称号 12.champion n. 冠军;优胜者 13.determination n. 决心;决定 14.injure vt. 使受伤;损害 15.injured adj. 受伤的;有伤的 16.injury n. 伤害;损伤 17.captain n. (运动队)队长;船长;机长 18.graceful adj. 优美的;优雅的 19.strength n. 力量;体力 20.failure n. 失败;失败的人(或事物) 21.compete vi. 竞争;对抗 22.pretend vi. & vt. 假装;装扮 23.cheat vi. 作弊;舞弊;vt. 欺骗;蒙骗;n. 欺骗手段;骗子 24.audience n. 观众;听众 25.positive adj. 积极的;正面的;乐观的;肯定的 26.diet n. 规定饮食;日常饮食;vi. 节食 27.rather adv. 相当;有点儿 28.stress n. 压力;紧张;重音;vt. 强调;重读;使焦虑不安;vi. 焦虑不安 29.error n. 错误;差错 二、词性转换 1.compete vi. 竞争;对抗 → competition n. 竞争;比赛 → competitor n. 竞争者;对手 → competitive adj. 竞争的;有竞争力的 2.pretend vi. & vt. 假装;装扮 → pretended adj. 假装的;徒有外表的 → pretence n. 假装;虚伪 3.cheat vi. 作弊;舞弊;vt. 欺骗;蒙骗;n. 欺骗手段;骗子 → cheater n. 骗子;作弊者 4.positive adj. 积极的;正面的;乐观的;肯定的 → positively adv. 积极地;肯定地 → positivity n. 积极性;乐观 5.stress n. 压力;紧张;重音;vt. 强调;重读;使焦虑不安;vi. 焦虑不安 → stressed adj. 焦虑不安的;紧张的 → stressful adj. 压力大的;紧张的 6.injure vt. 使受伤;损害 → injured adj. 受伤的;有伤的 → injury n. 伤害;损伤 7.determine vt. 确定;决定;测定 → determination n. 决心;决定 → determined adj. 坚定的;有决心的 8.grace n. 优雅;恩惠;vt. 使优美;使增光 → graceful adj. 优美的;优雅的 → gracefully adv. 优雅地9.strong adj. 强壮的;坚固的;强烈的 → strength n. 力量;体力 → strengthen vt. 加强;增强 10.fail vi. 失败;未能;vt. 使失望;不及格 → failure n. 失败;失败的人(或事物) 11.honour n. 荣誉;尊敬;荣幸;vt. 尊敬;给予荣誉 → honourable adj. 光荣的;可敬的 12.glory n. 荣誉;光荣;赞美 → glorious adj. 光荣的;辉煌的;极好的 → gloriously adv. 光荣地;辉煌地 13.champion n. 冠军;优胜者 → championship n. 锦标赛;冠军称号 → championed vt. 支持;拥护 14.apart adv. 分离;分开;成碎片→ part v. 分开;分离 15.athlete n. 运动员;运动健儿 → athletic adj. 运动的;健壮的 16.master n. 高手;主人;vt. 精通;掌握 → mastery n. 精通;掌握 → masterful adj. 熟练的;掌控的 17.legend n. 传奇故事(或人物);传说 → legendary adj. 传奇的;著名的 18.host vt. 主办;主持;n. 主人;东道主;节目主持人 → hostess n. 女主人;女主持人 19.event n. 比赛项目;大事;公开活动 → eventful adj. 多事的;重大的 → eventual adj. 最终的;结果的 三、核心短语 1.come along 跟随;到达;进步;赶快 2.track and field 田径 3.work out 锻炼;计算出;解决 4.make it 获得成功;准时到达 5.set an example 树立榜样 6.fall apart 破裂;破碎;崩溃 7.lose heart 丧失信心;泄气 8.give up 放弃;投降 9.make sense 有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚 10.pretend to do sth 假装做某事 11.even if/though 即使;虽然 12.make a difference 有作用或影响 13.rather than 而不是 14.cut … out 停止做(或使用、食用);剪下 15.now and then 有时;偶尔 16.compare … with/to … 与…… 比较 17.push-up 俯卧撑 四、重点句式 1. 句式:who 引导定语从句 【教材】The player who became known as 'Air Jordan' changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. 这位被称为 “飞人乔丹” 的球员,用他优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球运动。 2. 句式:even though 引导让步状语从句 【教材】I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was impossible. 我一直想长得像电视上那些苗条的女孩,尽管我知道这是不可能的。 五、重点单词精讲 1. compete vi. 竞争;对抗 1) compete with/against sb. for sth. 为某事与某人竞争 2) compete in sth. 参加…… 竞争 3) competition n. 竞争;比赛 4) competitive adj.竞争的,有竞争力的 ①To stay competitive in the job market, we need to keep learning new skills.为了在就业市场保持竞争力,我们需要不断学习新技能。 ② She decided to compete in the national speech competition to challenge herself.她决定参加全国演讲比赛,挑战自我。 2. stress n. 压力;紧张;重音 vt. 强调;重读;使焦虑不安 1) under stress 在压力下 2) reduce/relieve stress 缓解压力 3) stress the importance of... 强调…… 的重要性 4) stressed adj. 焦虑不安的;紧张的 5) stressful adj. 压力大的;紧张的 ① Many students feel stressed before exams, so it's important to find healthy ways to relax.许多学生在考试前感到压力,因此找到健康的放松方式很重要。 ② The teacher stressed that teamwork is the key to completing the project successfully. 老师强调,团队合作是成功完成项目的关键。 3. injure vt. 使受伤;损害 1) be injured in... 在…… 中受伤 2) injured adj. 受伤的;有伤的 3) injury n. 伤害;损伤 4) do injury to sb./sth.伤害某人/某物 ① The player was badly injured during the match and had to leave the field.这名球员在比赛中严重受伤,不得不离场。 ② Drinking too much alcohol will do injury to your health over time.长期过量饮酒会损害你的健康。 4. determine vt. 确定;决定;测定 1) determine to do sth. 决心做某事 2) be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事 3) determination n. 决心;决定 4) determined adj. 坚定的,有决心的 ① Determined to win the championship, the team trained every day after school.这支队伍决心赢得冠军,每天放学后都训练。 ② Your attitude often determines whether you can overcome difficulties.你的态度往往决定了你能否克服困难。 5. fail vi. 失败;未能 vt. 使失望;不及格 1) fail to do sth. 未能做某事 2) fail in sth. 在…… 中失败/不及格 3) failure n. 失败;失败的人/事物 4) without fail 必定;一定 ① Don't be afraid to fail, because every failure teaches us a valuable lesson.不要害怕失败,因为每一次失败都能给我们宝贵的教训。 ② He failed to finish the task on time, which made his boss very angry.他没能按时完成任务,这让他的老板非常生气。 6. pretend vi. & vt. 假装;装扮 1) pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 2) pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在做某事 3) pretend that... 假装…… ①The child pretended to be asleep when his mother came into the room.当妈妈走进房间时,这个孩子假装睡着了。 ②He pretended not to know the answer, but in fact he had studied hard.他假装不知道答案,但实际上他学习很努力。 7. positive adj. 积极的;正面的;乐观的;肯定的 1) be positive about... 对…… 持乐观态度 2) stay positive 保持积极乐观 3) positive attitude 积极的态度 4) positively adv. 积极地;肯定地 ①A positive attitude can help us deal with challenges more easily. 积极的态度能帮助我们更轻松地应对挑战。 ②The feedback from the teacher was very positive, which encouraged me a lot.老师的反馈非常积极,给我很大的鼓励。 8. error n. 错误;差错 1) make an error 犯错误 2) correct an error 纠正错误 3) by error 错误地;无意中 4) erroneous adj. 错误的;不正确的 ①Everyone makes errors, but the key is to learn from them. 每个人都会犯错,但关键是从中吸取教训。 ②The computer program crashed due to a small error in the code.由于代码中的一个小错误,电脑程序崩溃了。 9. diet n. 规定饮食;日常饮食 vi. 节食 1) go on a diet 节食;减肥 2) balanced diet 均衡饮食 3) keep a healthy diet 保持健康饮食 4) dietary adj. 饮食的;与饮食相关的 ① It's important to keep a balanced diet if you want to stay healthy.如果你想保持健康,保持均衡饮食很重要。 ② She decided to go on a diet and exercise more to get fit.她决定节食并多运动来保持身材。 10. honor n. 荣誉;尊敬;荣幸 vt. 尊敬;给予荣誉 1) in honor of 为纪念……;向…… 致敬 2) have the honor of doing sth. 有幸做某事 3) feel honored to do sth. 很荣幸做某事 4) honourable adj. 光荣的;可敬的 ① A special party was held in honour of the retiring teacher. 为了向退休老师致敬,学校举办了一场特别的派对。 ② I feel greatly honored to be invited to speak at this meeting.能被邀请在本次会议上发言,我感到非常荣幸。 11. strength n. 力量;体力;优点 1) build up one's strength 增强体力 2) have the strength to do sth.有力量做某事 3) strength and weaknesses 优缺点 4) strengthen vt. 加强;增强 ①Regular exercise helps build up your strength and improve your health.规律锻炼有助于增强体力并改善健康。 ②It's important to know your own strengths and weaknesses when choosing a career.在选择职业时,了解自己的优缺点很重要。 12. apart adv. 分离;分开;成碎片 1) fall apart 破裂;崩溃;散架 2) take apart 拆开;拆卸 3) apart from 除了…… 之外 4) tell A and B apart 区分 A 和 B ① Their relationship began to fall apart after the big argument.那场大争吵之后,他们的关系开始破裂。 ② Apart from some spelling mistakes, your composition is quite good.除了一些拼写错误,你的作文写得相当不错。 13. recognise (recognize) vt. 辨别出;承认;认可 1) recognise sb./sth. (as ...) 认出某人/某物(为……) 3) recognise one's voice/face 认出某人的声音/脸 3) recognition n. 认出;承认;认可 ①I recognised my old friend the moment I saw her at the airport.我在机场一见到她,就认出了我的老朋友。 ②The organisation is widely recognised as a leader in environmental protection.该组织被广泛认为是环境保护领域的领导者。 6、 单词拼写 1.Hollywood greatly contributed to the cowboy culture and the cowboy ______(传奇故事) as well. 【答案】legends 【详解】句意:好莱坞也为牛仔文化与牛仔传奇故事做出了巨大贡献。空处需填名词作宾语,名词legend表示“传奇故事”,此处表各类牛仔传奇,用复数名词legends。 2.She showed great ________ (决心) to overcome the difficulty and won the game. 【答案】determination 【详解】句意:她表现出极大的决心克服困难并赢得了比赛。根据汉语提示“决心”可知填determination,为不可数名词,作宾语。 3.The coach inspired(激励) the team with determination to win the ________ (冠军称号). 【答案】championship 【详解】句意:教练激励全队,让他们怀着夺冠的决心奋力拼搏。 空前定冠词the后需填入名词作win的宾语,championship表示“冠军称号”。 4.Later she went to CCTV and _________ (主持) programmes. 【答案】hosted 【详解】句意:后来她进入中央电视台主持节目。根据汉语提示“主持”,and连接并列谓语,前文went为一般过去时,此处填动词过去式hosted表示“主持”。 5.Doctors work long hours,they examine and deal with many patients,and they're under a lot of _________(压力). 【答案】stress/pressure 【详解】考查名词。句意:医生长时间工作,检查和处理很多病人,他们的压力很大。短语under pressure“在压力之下”,故填pressure。 6.A ________ (积极的) attitude towards failure enables students to grow stronger in the process of learning. 【答案】positive 【详解】句意:面对失败的积极心态能让学生在学习过程中不断成长。“积极的”是形容词positive,在句中作前置定语,修饰名词attitude。 7.The boy lifted the stone with all his ____________(力量). 【答案】strength 【详解】句意:男孩用尽全身力气搬起了那块石头。根据汉语提示可知,此处为名词strength“力量”作宾语,符合语境。 8.I’d like to run the winter________(马拉松赛跑) this year. Do you want to join me? 【答案】marathon 【详解】考查名词。句意:我想参加今年的冬季马拉松赛跑。你想和我一起去吗?马拉松赛跑为“marathon”。故填marathon。 9.During the event, medals will be presented to the most outstanding ________ (运动员). 【答案】athletes 【详解】考查名词。句意:在活动期间,将向最杰出的运动员颁发奖牌。根据汉语提示“运动员”可知,用名词athlete,作宾语,结合语境可知,最杰出的运动员不止一个,应用复数。故填athletes。 10.The year before last he won a gold ________ (奖章) in the badminton championship. 【答案】medal 【详解】考查名词。句意:前年他在羽毛球锦标赛中赢得了一枚金牌。根据句意和汉语提示可知,空处应填名词medal“奖章”,由空前a可知,应用名词单数形式,作won的宾语。故填medal。 11.The historian reminded that we should place these ________ (事件) in their historical background. 【答案】events 【详解】考查名词的数。句意:这位历史学家提醒道,我们应该把这些事件置于其历史背景中去看待。根据汉语提示“事件”及空格前的these可知,此处使用可数名词event的复数形式events,作宾语。故填events。    12.Her music appeals to a wide ________ (观众). 【答案】audience 【详解】考查名词。句意:她的音乐吸引了广大观众。根据汉语提示“观众”可知,此处为名词audience,作appeals to的宾语,audience是集合名词,此处表示广大观众这一群体。故填audience。 13._________(百万) of people have visited the 500-foot long stone bridge. 【答案】Millions 【详解】考查数词。句意:数百万人参观了这座500英尺长的石桥。根据汉语提示“百万”,以及空后复数名词people可知,此处表示“数百万的”,应用数词million的复数形式与of搭配,构成固定短语millions of,且位于句首首字母需大写。故填Millions。 14.Considering there are so many challenges to deal with, are you still ________ (乐观的) about the future of VR? 【答案】optimistic/positive 【详解】考查形容词。句意:考虑到目前有诸多难题需要应对,您是否仍然对虚拟现实的未来抱有乐观的态度呢?根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用形容词optimistic/positive,作表语。故填optimistic或positive。 15.He wiped the  _________  (汗水) off his face and went to his room in a hurry. 【答案】sweat 【详解】考查名词。句意:他擦去脸上的汗水,匆匆走进了自己的房间。根据汉语提示“汗水”可知,此处使用不可数名词“sweat”,作动词“wiped”的宾语,构成“wiped the sweat off his face(擦去脸上的汗水)”的常见表达,故填sweat。 7、 完成句子 1.虽然幽默感是一种自然特征,但它也可以通过社交活动来发展。 ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ is a natural characteristic, it can also be developed through social activities. 【答案】 Even if/though the sense of humor 【详解】句意:虽然幽默感是一种自然特征,但它也可以通过社交活动来发展。the sense of humor表示 “幽默感”作主语;even if/though意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句,句首单词首字母大写。 2.别假装你不认识我。 Don’t ________ ________ you don’t know me. 【答案】 pretend that 【详解】考查动词和宾语从句。Don't后接动词原形;结合中文句意可知是pretend,后面是宾语从句,从句成分齐全,句意完整,用that连接,故填pretend;that。 3.孩子们正在为奖品而竞争。 The children are ________ ________ the prize. 【答案】 competing for 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“为……而竞争”短语为compete for,结合上文are可知为现在进行时。故填competing for。 4.你的努力会对你的未来产生影响。 Your hard work will ________ ________ ________ to your future. 【答案】 make a difference 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。表示“对……产生影响”应用动词短语make a difference,位于助动词will后面,使用动词原形。故填①make;②a;③difference。 5.他说的话完全没有道理。 What he said doesn’t ________ ________ at all. 【答案】 make sense 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知,空格处意为“有道理”,是固定短语make sense,由doesn’t可知,时态是一般现在时,make用原形,故填make,sense。 6.Our coach recommended that we ________ ________ ________ after losing the first game. 我们的教练建议我们在输掉第一场比赛后不要丧失信心。 【答案】 shouldn’t/not lose heart 【详解】考查动词短语和虚拟语气。这个英文对照,空处为“不要丧失信心”,表示“丧失信心”用lose heart,recommend后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“(should) +动词原形”,从句谓语用(should) not lose heart表示“不要丧失信心”。故填shouldn’t/not lose heart。 7.我们偶尔去公园散步。 We go for a walk in the park ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 now and then 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“偶尔”,用固定短语now and then,在句中作状语。故填①now②and③then。 8.他擅长田径运动。 He is good at ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 track and field 【详解】考查名词短语。表示“田径运动”用名词短语track and field,作介词at的宾语。故填①track;②and;③field。 9.It’s important to know your own ________ ________ ________. 了解自己的弱点和长处是很重要的。 【答案】 weaknesses and strengths 【详解】考查名词。“弱点”用名词weakness表示,“长处”用名词strength表示,“和”用并列连词and连接,“弱点和长处”不止一个,用名词复数。故填①weaknesses;②and;③strengths。 一、单句语法填空 1.I’m so (honour) to know about your dream and blueprint. 【答案】honoured 【详解】句意:了解你的梦想与规划,我感到十分荣幸。 系动词后需使用形容词作表语,honour的形容词形式为honoured,固定搭配be honoured to do sth.表示“很荣幸做某事”。 2. (fit) has become an important element in our lives. 【答案】Fitness 【详解】句意:健身已经成为我们生活中重要的一部分。 空格处在句中作主语,需用名词fitness,意为“健康、健身”,不可数,首字母大写。 3.The first prize was awarded to the youngest (compete). 【答案】competitor 【详解】句意:一等奖颁给了最年轻的参赛者。 形容词最高级the youngest后需接名词作介词to的宾语,compete是动词,表示“竞争”,指人的名词形式为competitor,意为“参赛者、选手”,表示特指,用单数。 4.With (determine) and patience, we can overcome any difficulty on the way to success. 【答案】determination 【详解】句意:凭借决心与耐心,我们能克服成功路上的任何困难。介词with后接名词,determination“决心”为不可数名词。 5.Not having passed the exam, the student considered himself a (fail). 【答案】failure 【详解】句意:考试失利后,这名学生认为自己是个失败者。冠词后使用名词,动词fail对应的名词failure,意为“失败者”。 6.He left the basketball team due to a leg (injure) from last month’s match. 【答案】injury 【详解】句意:他因上个月比赛造成的腿部伤病离开了篮球队。此处需要名词作介词宾语,injure是动词,其名词形式为injury,意为“受伤;伤病”,所以此处为injury,不定冠词a修饰单数名词。 7.Weight loss success (story) highlight balanced diets over extreme measures. 【答案】stories 【详解】句意:各类减肥成功案例都推崇均衡饮食而非极端方式。此处作主语,谓语动词highlight为动词原形,说明主语是复数名词,story的复数形式是stories。 8.We should know our own (strong) and face challenges with courage and confidence. 【答案】strength/ strengths 【详解】考查名词。句意:我们应该了解自己的长处,并以勇气和信心去面对挑战。用名词形式,在句中作宾语。strong的名词形式为strength,表示“长处,优点”,为可数名词,泛指某方面长处或多方面长处,可用单数或复数形式。故填strength(s)。 9.Small actions can make a (different) to our environment and our society. 【答案】difference 【详解】考查名词。句意:小的行动可以对我们的环境和社会产生影响。“make a difference”是固定短语,意为“产生影响”,名词difference作宾语。故填difference。 10.We should face the difficulties in study and life (positive). 【答案】positively 【详解】考查副词。句意:我们应该积极面对学习和生活中的困难。本空修饰动词face,作状语,用副词positively“积极地”。故填positively。 11.Practice makes it possible (master) a foreign language. 【答案】to master 【详解】考查不定式。句意:实践使人能够掌握一门外语。make it possible to do sth.是固定短语,意为“使做某事成为可能”,其中it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是不定式,故填to master。 12.You should check your homework carefully and correct your (error) in time. 【答案】errors 【详解】考查名词复数。句意:你应该仔细检查你的作业并及时改正错误。本空作correct的宾语,用名词error“错误”,error是可数名词,此处表示不止一个错误,应用复数形式errors。故填errors。 13. (jog) regularly is a good way to keep energetic and reduce stress. 【答案】Jogging 【详解】考查名词。句意:经常慢跑是保持精力充沛和减轻压力的好方法。“慢跑”作主语,用名词jogging,不可数名词;句首首字母大写。故填Jogging。 14.After three months of regular exercise, she looks much (slim) and healthier than before. 【答案】slimmer 【详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意:经过三个月的规律锻炼,她看起来比以前苗条健康多了。根据句中的than以及并列的比较级healthier可知,此处应用slim的比较级形式;slim为重读闭音节结尾的形容词,需双写末尾辅音字母m再加-er,故填slimmer。 15. (compare) with basketball, soccer is Sarah’s favorite. 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:与篮球相比,足球是莎拉最喜欢的(运动)。本句已有谓语is,空处为非谓语动词,compare与逻辑主语soccer之间为被动关系,即“足球被和篮球作比较”,所以用过去分词作状语,位于句首,首字母大写。故填Compared。 16.The soccer player pretended (pass) the ball to his teammate, then dribbled past the defender. 【答案】to pass 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:足球运动员假装将球传给队友,然后带球过掉了防守球员。pretend to do sth.为固定短语,表示“假装做某事”,空处需填动词不定式。故填to pass。 17.I chose (box) because it is my favourite sport.   【答案】boxing 【详解】考查名词。句意:我选择拳击是因为它是我最喜欢的运动。提示词作宾语,用名词boxing,意为“拳击(运动)”。故填boxing。 18.Travellers get used to (live) in different climates and conditions. 【答案】living 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:旅行者会习惯在不同的气候和生活条件下生活。结合句意表示“习惯做某事”可知短语为get used to doing sth.,后跟动名词作宾语。故填living。 19.It is not (surprise) that the National Security Law for Hong Kong SAR has been warmly welcomed by the Hong Kong residents. 【答案】surprising 【详解】考查形容词。句意:香港特别行政区的国家安全法受到香港居民的热烈欢迎,这并不奇怪。surprise“使惊奇;使惊诧”为动词,现在分词转化的形容词surprising意为“令人惊讶的”。以后缀–ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人,如果它们所修饰的名词是事物,那它们指的也是与人相关的事务。以后缀 -ing 结尾的形容词主要用于说明事物,表示事物的性质或特征,若用它们说明人,则表示此人具有某性质或特征。此句的真正主语是that从句,it是形式主语,主语为一件事情。故填surprising。 20.It is my greatest comfort to be able   (change) at least one generation through education. 【答案】to change 【详解】考查非谓语。句意:能够通过教育改变至少一代人,是我最大的安慰。固定短语:be able to do “能干某事”,所以空白处填to change。故填to change。 21.Mr. Wang taught us to practice (hard) than ever before and never give up. 【答案】harder 【详解】考查副词比较级。句意:王老师教我们要比以前更努力练习,永不放弃。根据空后的than可知空处应填入副词的比较级形式。hard具有副词词性,意为“努力地”,故填harder。 22.I can’t imagine the boy speaking so (rude) to you. 【答案】rudely 【详解】考查副词。句意:我无法想象那个男孩对你说话如此粗鲁。根据speaking可知此处要用副词。故填rudely。 23.Sam was too (embarrass) to communicate with the few online guests in his broadcasting room. 【答案】embarrassed 【详解】考查形容词。句意:在他的广播室里,萨太尴尬了不能与少数几位上网的客人交流。分析句子结构可知,was为系动词,后面需加形容词作表语,主语Sa为人,此处表示“人的感受”,需用-ed结尾的形容词embarrassed。故填embarrassed。 24.It upsets me (hear) the news of his being fired from his first job. 【答案】to hear 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:听到他第一份工作被解雇的消息,我很难过。根据句型“It upsets sb. to do sth.做某事使某人心烦”可知,该空应用to hear,it作形式主语,正在的主语是后面的不定式短语。故填to hear。 25.We have won a (glory) victory over our opponents by not giving up. 【答案】glorious 【详解】考查形容词。句意:我们坚持不懈,战胜了对手,取得了辉煌的胜利。分析句子结构可知,空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词victory;glory的形容词为glorious“辉煌的”。故填glorious。 二、语法填空 Passage 01 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。 November 5, 2025, Beijing — The 43rd session of the UNESCO General Conference passed a resolution (决议) 1 (name) March 21 International Taijiquan Day. The establishment of the Taijiquan Day is an important decision, recognizing how Taijiquan 2 (significant) contributes to global health, cultural exchange, and even world peace. Rooted in yin-yang balance, Taijiquan combines 3 (element) of traditional medicine, martial arts, and philosophical thought. Over several centuries, it 4 (develop) into several major styles, such as Chen, Yang, Wu (Hao), and Sun, and is now practised by millions of people around the world. In 2020, Taijiquan 5 (add) to UNESCO’s intangible cultural heritage list. The 6 (choose) date March 21 is the vernal equinox, a day 7 day and night are of equal length. This perfectly matches 8 core idea of Taijiquan: harmony between humans and nature. Studies also find that 9 (practise) Taijiquan is good for both physical and mental health in the long run. Therefore, it is increasingly becoming part of global public health practices. 10 its wide popularity, Taijiquan continues to promote peace and cross-cultural dialogue across the globe. 【答案】 1.to name 2.significantly 3.elements 4.has developed 5.was added 6.chosen 7.when 8.the 9.practicing 10.With 【导语】本文主要介绍了联合国教科文组织设立3月21日为国际太极拳日,以及太极拳的起源、发展、文化内涵与全球影响。 【详解】 1.考查非谓语动词。句意:2025年11月5日,北京讯——联合国教科文组织第43届大会通过了一项决议,将3月21日定为国际太极拳日。 句中有谓语passed,括号里的name作动词,其前无并列连词,要将其变成非谓语动词;________(name) March 21 International Taijiquan Day作后置定语修饰抽象名词resolution,起解释说明的作用,要用动词不定式to name。 2.考查副词。句意:太极拳日的设立是一项重要决定,这体现了太极拳极大地助力于全球健康、文化交流乃至世界和平。在how引导的宾语从句中,所填词作程度状语修饰谓语动词contributes,要将形容词significant变成副词significantly。 3.考查名词。句意:太极拳植根于阴阳平衡,融合了传统医学、武术和哲学思想的元素。combines是谓语动词,其后要接名词;括号里的element是名词,意为“元素”,结合其后的of traditional medicine, martial arts, and philosophical thought可知,元素不止一种,要将element变成复数名词elements。 4.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:历经几个世纪,它已发展成为陈氏、杨氏、武(郝)氏、孙氏等几大主要流派,如今被全球数百万人练习。Over several centuries是现在完成时的时间状语,所填词作谓语;主语it是单数代词,和谓语develop into(发展成为)之间是主动关系,要用现在完成时的主动语态has+过去分词developed。 5.考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:2020年,太极拳被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。In 2020是一般过去时的时间状语,主语Taijiquan是单数名词,无法发出动作,与所填谓语add之间是语义上的被动关系,要用一般过去时的被动语态was+过去分词added。 6.考查非谓语动词。句意:被选定的3月21日是春分,这一天昼夜等长。句中有谓语is,所填词作前置定语修饰名词date,要将括号里的动词choose变成非谓语动词;由于date与choose是逻辑上的动宾关系,即“日子被挑选”,要用过去分词表示被动含义,choose的过去分词是chosen。 7.考查定语从句。句意:被选定的3月21日是春分,这一天昼夜等长。________day and night are of equal length是关系词引导的定语从句修饰时间名词a day,该从句是主系表结构,缺时间状语,关系副词when符合要求。 8.考查冠词。句意:这完美契合太极拳的核心理念:人与自然和谐共生。所填词修饰名词core,要用冠词,此处特指太极拳独一无二的核心理念,且后面有of 所有格结构限定范围,要用定冠词the。 9.考查非谓语动词。句意:研究还发现,练习太极拳从长远来看有益于身心健康。在that引导的宾语从句中,________(practise) Taijiquan作主语,要用非谓语动词;结合“in the long run”可知,练习太极拳是习惯性动作,而非具体一次,要用动名词形式practicing。 10.考查介词。句意:凭借其广泛的普及度,太极拳继续在全球范围内促进和平与跨文化对话。_____its wide popularity在句首作伴随状语,要用介词;结合其后的its wide popularity可知,介词with表示“凭借”,符合句意;with放在句首,首字母w要大写。 Passage 02 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tai Chi, recognized as a world intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO, 1 (believe) to have originated hundreds of years ago in China. This martial art consists of slow and graceful movements, each of 2 is performed with deep breathing and full concentration. In ancient times, it served as an effective way of self-defense and a means 3 (achieve) inner peace. With inner harmony 4 description, mastering Tai Chi takes years of practice and enormous patience, as true understanding doesn’t lie in imitation (模仿) 5 in its traditional Chinese philosophy. It is 6 (scientific) proven that regular practice benefits physically and mentally, for it not only improves balance but also relieve stress. As 7 unique martial art, it is deeply loved by foreigners as well. In recent decades, Tai Chi 8 (spread) rapidly across the globe, out of curiosity about traditional Chinese culture. Typically, 9 (practice) in the parks among aged people, Tai Chi has entered more schools and communities where young learners are seen to perform Tai Chi. The 10 (combine) of traditional heritage and modern life enables more people to appreciate its profound charm and keep it alive. 【答案】 1.is believed 2.which 3.to achieve 4.beyond 5.but 6.scientifically 7.a 8.has spread 9.practiced 10.combination 【导语】文章主要讲述了太极拳的起源、内涵、健身功效及其在全球的传播与发展。 【详解】 1.考查动词时态、语态与主谓一致。句意:太极拳被联合国教科文组织认定为世界非物质文化遗产,据信起源于数百年前的中国。Tai Chi与believe之间是被动关系,此处表示客观事实,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为单数,故填入is believed。 2.考查定语从句。​句意:这门武术由缓慢而优雅的动作组成,每一个动作都需要配合深呼吸并全神贯注地完成。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为movements,指物,在从句中作介词of的宾语,用which引导该从句。 3.考查非谓语动词。句意:在古代,它既是一种有效的自卫方式,也是达成内心平和的一种手段。名词“means(手段、方法)”后常用不定式作后置定语,故achieve“实现,达成”的不定式形式。 4.考查介词。句意:由于内在的和谐难以言喻,掌握太极拳需要多年的练习和极大的耐心。根据后文“mastering Tai Chi takes years of practice”可知,太极的内在和谐很难用语言描述,固定搭配beyond description​意为“难以形容,无法描述”。 5.考查连词。句意:因为真正的领悟不在于模仿,而在于其蕴含的中国传统哲学。根据前文“doesn’t lie in”可知,此处构成固定搭配 not... but...,意为“不是……而是……”。 6.考查副词。句意:科学证明,经常练习太极拳对身体和精神都有益,因为它不仅能改善平衡能力,还能缓解压力。空处需用副词修饰动词proven作状语, scientific的副词形式为scientifically“科学地”。 7.考查冠词。句意:作为一种独特的武术,它也深受外国人的喜爱。此处表示泛指“一种独特的武术”,且unique以辅音音素开头,故填不定冠词a。 8.考查动词时态。句意:近几十年来,出于对中国传统文化的好奇,太极拳在全球范围内迅速传播。根据时间状语“In recent decades”可知,此处表示从过去持续到现在的状态,应用现在完成时,主语Tai Chi为单数,故填入has spread。 9.考查非谓语动词。句意:太极拳通常是在公园里由老年人练习,如今它已进入更多的学校和社区,在那里能看到年轻的学习者在打太极拳。动词practice“练习”与其逻辑主语Tai Chi之间构成被动关系,应用过去分词作状语。 10.考查名词。句意:传统遗产与现代生活的结合,让更多人领略到它深厚的魅力,并使其生生不息。根据空前的定冠词The和空后的of可知,空处需填名词作主语,combine的名词为combination“结合”。 三、完形填空 Cloze 01 The players on the Academy basketball team knew something was wrong. Their coach, Brendan King, who never 1 them on weekends, urged them back to the gym. They had won the championship the night before, yet now they felt somewhat 2 . “We actually lost to Apache 43 — 42,” King announced. “The recordkeeper 3 the score.” All fell silent. “But this doesn’t 4 how proud I am of you and how hard we worked to get here.” 5 , it was a bitter pill for them to swallow. Within 20 minutes’ debating, the whole team 6 to turn the trophy (奖杯) over to the rightful champions, Apache. The game had been physical and 7 . Scoring was back and forth until the fourth quarter, when Apache pulled away by 14 points. The Academy players, 8 to give up and fought back hard, hitting shot after shot. Ultimately, they hit a 3-point buzzer-beater (压哨球) to top Apache by a point. The players 9 , but strangely King had a sinking feeling. That night, he replayed the game tape carefully, counting every 10 . His gut (直觉) was right: An Academy shot was mistakenly counted due to the recordkeeper’s poor angle. The next morning, he 11 the basketball officials before addressing his 12 . With his team’s support, King drove to Apache to 13 the trophy. “I know we didn’t have to do this,” King says. “But for us 14 means far more than a trophy. Apache earned their champion 15 , and we earned ours here.” 1.A.praised B.followed C.contacted D.welcomed 2.A.relieved B.awkward C.excited D.nervous 3.A.miscounted B.disregarded C.disallowed D.misinterpreted 4.A.reflect on B.take away C.bring out D.make for 5.A.Still B.Moreover C.Instead D.Therefore 6.A.managed B.struggled C.pretended D.decided 7.A.balanced B.casual C.intense D.flexible 8.A.learned B.refused C.hesitated D.tended 9.A.erupted B.sweated C.nodded D.escaped 10.A.pass B.shot C.touch D.point 11.A.blamed B.questioned C.informed D.lectured 12.A.families B.assistants C.players D.fans 13.A.deliver B.exchange C.reclaim D.display 14.A.determination B.effort C.reputation D.honesty 15.A.on camera B.on court C.in time D.in sight 【答案】 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.C 8.B 9.A 10.D 11.C 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.B 【导语】文章讲述了篮球队赛后发现计分失误,全队主动归还奖杯,坚守赛场诚信本心的故事。 【详解】1.考查动词。句意:他们的教练布兰登・金在周末从未联系过他们,此刻却催促他们返回体育馆。A. praised赞扬;B. followed跟随;C. contacted联系;D. welcomed欢迎。根据上文“The players on the Academy basketball team knew something was wrong.”可知,球员们觉得不对劲,因为教练原本周末从不联系他们,现在却催促大家回体育馆。 2.考查形容词。句意:他们在前一晚刚拿下冠军,此刻众人心里却有些局促不安。A. relieved宽慰的;B. awkward尴尬的;C. excited兴奋的;D. nervous紧张的。根据上文“The players on the Academy basketball team knew something was wrong.”可知,球员们觉得不对劲,刚赢冠军却被紧急召回,因此感到紧张不安。 3.考查动词。句意:金教练宣布:“我们实际以42比43输给了阿帕奇队,计分员算错了比分。”A. miscounted数错;B. disregarded漠视;C. disallowed驳回;D. misinterpreted误解。根据上文“They had won the championship the night before”及“We actually lost to Apache 43 — 42”可知,实际比分是他们队输了,说明记分员数错了比分。 4.考查动词短语。句意:但这并不会抹杀我为你们感到的骄傲,也无法否定我们一路付出的努力。A. reflect on反思;B. take away夺走,减去;C. bring out显现;D. make for有助于。根据上文“We actually lost to Apache 43 — 42”可知,实际他们队输了比赛,但这并不会减少教练对队员的骄傲。 5.考查副词。句意:尽管如此,他们依旧难以接受这个事实。A. Still仍然;B. Moreover此外;C. Instead反而;D. Therefore因此。根据上文“But this doesn’t ________ how proud I am of you and how hard we worked to get here.”可知,尽管教练安慰队员,但这件事对队员来说依然难以接受。 6.考查动词。句意:经过二十分钟商讨,全队决定将奖杯归还给真正的冠军阿帕奇队。A. managed设法;B. struggled奋力;C. pretended假装;D. decided决定。根据上文“Within 20 minutes’ debating”可知,经过讨论,球队决定归还奖杯。 7.考查形容词。句意:这场比赛身体对抗激烈,战况胶着紧张。A. balanced平衡的;B. casual随意的;C. intense激烈的;D. flexible灵活的。根据下文“Scoring was back and forth until the fourth quarter, when Apache pulled away by 14 points.”可知,比分一直胶着,直到第四节时,阿帕奇队领先14分,说明比赛十分激烈。 8.考查动词。句意:学院队队员不肯轻言放弃,奋力反扑,接连命中进球。A. learned得知;B. refused拒绝;C. hesitated犹豫;D. tended倾向。根据上文“Scoring was back and forth until the fourth quarter, when Apache pulled away by 14 points.”可知,到第四节时,阿帕奇队领先14分,但队员拒绝放弃、奋力反击。 9.考查动词。句意:队员们欣喜沸腾,可教练内心却隐隐感到不安。A. erupted爆发;B. sweated流汗;C. nodded点头;D. escaped逃离。根据上文“Ultimately, they hit a 3-point buzzer-beater to top Apache by a point.”可知,压哨赢球后,队员们情绪爆发(欢呼庆祝),erupt此处表示(情绪)爆发,符合赢球后的反应。 10.考查名词。句意:当晚他反复回看赛事录像,逐一核对每一个得分。A. pass传递;B. shot投篮;C. touch触碰;D. point分数。根据下文“His gut was right: An Academy shot was mistakenly counted due to the recordkeeper’s poor angle.”可知,教练怀疑比分错误,因此重放录像逐分核对。 11.考查动词。句意:次日清晨,他先通知了篮球赛事人员,随后告知队内队员实情。A. blamed指责;B. questioned质疑;C. informed告知;D. lectured训斥。根据上文“His gut was right: An Academy shot was mistakenly counted due to the recordkeeper’s poor angle.”可知,教练发现错误后,先通知了篮球官方人员,inform符合逻辑。 12.考查名词。句意:次日清晨,他先通知了篮球赛事人员,随后告知队内队员实情。A. families家人;B. assistants助手;C. players队员;D. fans粉丝。根据上文“His gut was right: An Academy shot was mistakenly counted due to the recordkeeper’s poor angle.”可知,教练发现错误后,对自己的队员说明了情况。 13.考查动词。句意:在队员的支持下,金教练驱车前往阿帕奇队归还奖杯。A. deliver递送;B. exchange交换;C. reclaim收回;D. display展示。根据上文“Within 20 minutes’ debating, the whole team ________ to turn the trophy over to the rightful champions, Apache.”可知,经过讨论,球队决定归还奖杯,因此教练开车把奖杯送还给阿帕奇队。 14.考查名词。句意:“我知道我们本不必这么做,”金说道,“但对我们而言,诚实远不止是一个奖杯那么简单。阿帕奇队在球场上赢得了冠军,而我们在这里也赢得了属于我们的荣誉。”A. determination决心;B. effort努力;C. reputation名声;D. honesty诚信。结合全文可知,主动归还奖杯,对这支球队来说,诚实比奖杯更重要。 15.考查介词短语。句意:“我知道我们本不必这么做,”金教练说道,“但对我们而言,诚实远不止是一个奖杯那么简单。阿帕奇队在球场上赢得了冠军,而我们在这里也赢得了属于我们的荣誉。”A. on camera在镜头前;B. on court在赛场上;C. in time及时;D. in sight看得见。结合全文可知,此刻教练感悟:阿帕奇队在球场上通过比赛赢得冠军,而他们球队主动归还奖杯,坚守赛场诚信的本心也赢得了属于他们的荣誉。 学科网(北京)股份有限公22 / 59 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 重难词汇精练 01 词汇基础练 1 一、重点单词 1 二、词性转换 1 三、核心短语 四、重点句式 五、重点单词精讲 2 六、单词拼写 6 七、完成句子 7 02 词汇语境练 9 一、单句语法填空 9 二、语法填空............................................................................................................................. 三、完形填空 11 一、重点单词 1.event n. 比赛项目;大事;公开活动 2.host vt. 主办;主持;n. 主人;东道主;节目主持人 3.track n. 跑道;足迹;铁路轨道;vt. & vi. 追踪;跟踪 4.sweat vt. 使出汗;出汗弄湿;vi. 出汗;流汗;n. 汗水;出汗 5.legend n. 传奇故事(或人物);传说 6.athlete n. 运动员;运动健儿 7.master n. 高手;主人;vt. 精通;掌握 8.honour n. 荣誉;尊敬;荣幸 9.glory n. 荣誉;光荣;赞美 10.medal n. 奖章;勋章 11.championship n. 锦标赛;冠军赛;冠军称号 12.champion n. 冠军;优胜者 13.determination n. 决心;决定 14.injure vt. 使受伤;损害 15.injured adj. 受伤的;有伤的 16.injury n. 伤害;损伤 17.captain n. (运动队)队长;船长;机长 18.graceful adj. 优美的;优雅的 19.strength n. 力量;体力 20.failure n. 失败;失败的人(或事物) 21.compete vi. 竞争;对抗 22.pretend vi. & vt. 假装;装扮 23.cheat vi. 作弊;舞弊;vt. 欺骗;蒙骗;n. 欺骗手段;骗子 24.audience n. 观众;听众 25.positive adj. 积极的;正面的;乐观的;肯定的 26.diet n. 规定饮食;日常饮食;vi. 节食 27.rather adv. 相当;有点儿 28.stress n. 压力;紧张;重音;vt. 强调;重读;使焦虑不安;vi. 焦虑不安 29.error n. 错误;差错 二、词性转换 1.compete vi. 竞争;对抗 → competition n. 竞争;比赛 → competitor n. 竞争者;对手 → competitive adj. 竞争的;有竞争力的 2.pretend vi. & vt. 假装;装扮 → pretended adj. 假装的;徒有外表的 → pretence n. 假装;虚伪 3.cheat vi. 作弊;舞弊;vt. 欺骗;蒙骗;n. 欺骗手段;骗子 → cheater n. 骗子;作弊者 4.positive adj. 积极的;正面的;乐观的;肯定的 → positively adv. 积极地;肯定地 → positivity n. 积极性;乐观 5.stress n. 压力;紧张;重音;vt. 强调;重读;使焦虑不安;vi. 焦虑不安 → stressed adj. 焦虑不安的;紧张的 → stressful adj. 压力大的;紧张的 6.injure vt. 使受伤;损害 → injured adj. 受伤的;有伤的 → injury n. 伤害;损伤 7.determine vt. 确定;决定;测定 → determination n. 决心;决定 → determined adj. 坚定的;有决心的 8.grace n. 优雅;恩惠;vt. 使优美;使增光 → graceful adj. 优美的;优雅的 → gracefully adv. 优雅地9.strong adj. 强壮的;坚固的;强烈的 → strength n. 力量;体力 → strengthen vt. 加强;增强 10.fail vi. 失败;未能;vt. 使失望;不及格 → failure n. 失败;失败的人(或事物) 11.honour n. 荣誉;尊敬;荣幸;vt. 尊敬;给予荣誉 → honourable adj. 光荣的;可敬的 12.glory n. 荣誉;光荣;赞美 → glorious adj. 光荣的;辉煌的;极好的 → gloriously adv. 光荣地;辉煌地 13.champion n. 冠军;优胜者 → championship n. 锦标赛;冠军称号 → championed vt. 支持;拥护 14.apart adv. 分离;分开;成碎片→ part v. 分开;分离 15.athlete n. 运动员;运动健儿 → athletic adj. 运动的;健壮的 16.master n. 高手;主人;vt. 精通;掌握 → mastery n. 精通;掌握 → masterful adj. 熟练的;掌控的 17.legend n. 传奇故事(或人物);传说 → legendary adj. 传奇的;著名的 18.host vt. 主办;主持;n. 主人;东道主;节目主持人 → hostess n. 女主人;女主持人 19.event n. 比赛项目;大事;公开活动 → eventful adj. 多事的;重大的 → eventual adj. 最终的;结果的 三、核心短语 1.come along 跟随;到达;进步;赶快 2.track and field 田径 3.work out 锻炼;计算出;解决 4.make it 获得成功;准时到达 5.set an example 树立榜样 6.fall apart 破裂;破碎;崩溃 7.lose heart 丧失信心;泄气 8.give up 放弃;投降 9.make sense 有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚 10.pretend to do sth 假装做某事 11.even if/though 即使;虽然 12.make a difference 有作用或影响 13.rather than 而不是 14.cut … out 停止做(或使用、食用);剪下 15.now and then 有时;偶尔 16.compare … with/to … 与…… 比较 17.push-up 俯卧撑 四、重点句式 1. 句式:who 引导定语从句 【教材】The player who became known as 'Air Jordan' changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. 这位被称为 “飞人乔丹” 的球员,用他优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球运动。 2. 句式:even though 引导让步状语从句 【教材】I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was impossible. 我一直想长得像电视上那些苗条的女孩,尽管我知道这是不可能的。 五、重点单词精讲 1. compete vi. 竞争;对抗 1) compete with/against sb. for sth. 为某事与某人竞争 2) compete in sth. 参加…… 竞争 3) competition n. 竞争;比赛 4) competitive adj.竞争的,有竞争力的 ①To stay competitive in the job market, we need to keep learning new skills.为了在就业市场保持竞争力,我们需要不断学习新技能。 ② She decided to compete in the national speech competition to challenge herself.她决定参加全国演讲比赛,挑战自我。 2. stress n. 压力;紧张;重音 vt. 强调;重读;使焦虑不安 1) under stress 在压力下 2) reduce/relieve stress 缓解压力 3) stress the importance of... 强调…… 的重要性 4) stressed adj. 焦虑不安的;紧张的 5) stressful adj. 压力大的;紧张的 ① Many students feel stressed before exams, so it's important to find healthy ways to relax.许多学生在考试前感到压力,因此找到健康的放松方式很重要。 ② The teacher stressed that teamwork is the key to completing the project successfully. 老师强调,团队合作是成功完成项目的关键。 3. injure vt. 使受伤;损害 1) be injured in... 在…… 中受伤 2) injured adj. 受伤的;有伤的 3) injury n. 伤害;损伤 4) do injury to sb./sth.伤害某人/某物 ① The player was badly injured during the match and had to leave the field.这名球员在比赛中严重受伤,不得不离场。 ② Drinking too much alcohol will do injury to your health over time.长期过量饮酒会损害你的健康。 4. determine vt. 确定;决定;测定 1) determine to do sth. 决心做某事 2) be determined to do sth. 下定决心做某事 3) determination n. 决心;决定 4) determined adj. 坚定的,有决心的 ① Determined to win the championship, the team trained every day after school.这支队伍决心赢得冠军,每天放学后都训练。 ② Your attitude often determines whether you can overcome difficulties.你的态度往往决定了你能否克服困难。 5. fail vi. 失败;未能 vt. 使失望;不及格 1) fail to do sth. 未能做某事 2) fail in sth. 在…… 中失败/不及格 3) failure n. 失败;失败的人/事物 4) without fail 必定;一定 ① Don't be afraid to fail, because every failure teaches us a valuable lesson.不要害怕失败,因为每一次失败都能给我们宝贵的教训。 ② He failed to finish the task on time, which made his boss very angry.他没能按时完成任务,这让他的老板非常生气。 6. pretend vi. & vt. 假装;装扮 1) pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 2) pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在做某事 3) pretend that... 假装…… ①The child pretended to be asleep when his mother came into the room.当妈妈走进房间时,这个孩子假装睡着了。 ②He pretended not to know the answer, but in fact he had studied hard.他假装不知道答案,但实际上他学习很努力。 7. positive adj. 积极的;正面的;乐观的;肯定的 1) be positive about... 对…… 持乐观态度 2) stay positive 保持积极乐观 3) positive attitude 积极的态度 4) positively adv. 积极地;肯定地 ①A positive attitude can help us deal with challenges more easily. 积极的态度能帮助我们更轻松地应对挑战。 ②The feedback from the teacher was very positive, which encouraged me a lot.老师的反馈非常积极,给我很大的鼓励。 8. error n. 错误;差错 1) make an error 犯错误 2) correct an error 纠正错误 3) by error 错误地;无意中 4) erroneous adj. 错误的; ①Everyone makes errors, but the key is to learn from them. 每个人都会犯错,但关键是从中吸取教训。 ②The computer program crashed due to a small error in the code.由于代码中的一个小错误,电脑程序崩溃了。 9. diet n. 规定饮食;日常饮食 vi. 节食 1) go on a diet 节食;减肥 2) balanced diet 均衡饮食 3) keep a healthy diet 保持健康饮食 4) dietary adj. 饮食的;与饮食相关的 ① It's important to keep a balanced diet if you want to stay healthy.如果你想保持健康,保持均衡饮食很重要。 ② She decided to go on a diet and exercise more to get fit.她决定节食并多运动来保持身材。 10. honor n. 荣誉;尊敬;荣幸 vt. 尊敬;给予荣誉 1) in honor of 为纪念……;向…… 致敬 2) have the honor of doing sth. 有幸做某事 3) feel honored to do sth. 很荣幸做某事 4) honourable adj. 光荣的;可敬的 ① A special party was held in honour of the retiring teacher. 为了向退休老师致敬,学校举办了一场特别的派对。 ② I feel greatly honored to be invited to speak at this meeting.能被邀请在本次会议上发言,我感到很荣幸。 11. strength n. 力量;体力;优点 1) build up one's strength 增强体力 2) have the strength to do sth. 有力量做某事 3) strength and weaknesses 优缺点 4) strengthen vt. 加强;增强 ①Regular exercise helps build up your strength and improve your health.规律锻炼有助于增强体力并改善健康。 ②It's important to know your own strengths and weaknesses when choosing a career.在选择职业时,了解自己的优缺点很重要。 12. apart adv. 分离;分开;成碎片 1) fall apart 破裂;崩溃;散架 2) take apart 拆开;拆卸 3) apart from 除了…… 之外 4) tell A and B apart 区分 A 和 B ① Their relationship began to fall apart after the big argument.那场大争吵之后,他们的关系开始破裂。 ② Apart from some spelling mistakes, your composition is quite good.除了一些拼写错误,你的作文写得相当不错。 13. recognise (recognize) vt. 辨别出;承认;认可 1) recognise sb./sth. (as ...) 认出某人/某物(为……) 3) recognise one's voice/face 认出某人的声音/脸 3) recognition n. 认出;承认;认可 ①I recognised my old friend the moment I saw her at the airport.我在机场一见到她,就认出了我的老朋友。 ②The organisation is widely recognised as a leader in environmental protection.该组织被广泛认为是环境保护领域的领导者。 6、 单词拼写 1.Hollywood greatly contributed to the cowboy culture and the cowboy ______(传奇故事) as well. 2.She showed great ________ (决心) to overcome the difficulty and won the game. 3.The coach inspired(激励) the team with determination to win the ________ (冠军称号). 4.Later she went to CCTV and _________ (主持) programmes. 5.Doctors work long hours,they examine and deal with many patients,and they're under a lot of _________(压力). 6.A ________ (积极的) attitude towards failure enables students to grow stronger in the process of learning. 7.The boy lifted the stone with all his ____________(力量). 8.I’d like to run the winter________(马拉松赛跑) this year. Do you want to join me? 9.During the event, medals will be presented to the most outstanding ________ (运动员). 10.The year before last he won a gold ________ (奖章) in the badminton championship. 11.The historian reminded that we should place these ________ (事件) in their historical background. 12.Her music appeals to a wide ________ (观众). 13._________(百万) of people have visited the 500-foot long stone bridge. 14.Considering there are so many challenges to deal with, are you still ________ (乐观的) about the future of VR? 15.He wiped the  _________  (汗水) off his face and went to his room in a hurry. 7、 完成句子 1.虽然幽默感是一种自然特征,但它也可以通过社交活动来发展。 ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ is a natural characteristic, it can also be developed through social activities. 2.别假装你不认识我。 Don’t ________ ________ you don’t know me. 3.孩子们正在为奖品而竞争。 The children are ________ ________ the prize. 4.你的努力会对你的未来产生影响。 Your hard work will ________ ________ ________ to your future. 5.他说的话完全没有道理。 What he said doesn’t ________ ________ at all. 6.Our coach recommended that we ________ ________ ________ after losing the first game. 我们的教练建议我们在输掉第一场比赛后不要丧失信心。 7.我们偶尔去公园散步。 We go for a walk in the park ________ ________ ________. 8.他擅长田径运动。 He is good at ________ ________ ________. 9.It’s important to know your own ________ ________ ________. 了解自己的弱点和长处是很重要的。 一、单句语法填空 1.I’m so (honour) to know about your dream and blueprint. 2. (fit) has become an important element in our lives. 3.The first prize was awarded to the youngest (compete). 4.With (determine) and patience, we can overcome any difficulty on the way to success. 5.Not having passed the exam, the student considered himself a (fail). 6.He left the basketball team due to a leg (injure) from last month’s match. 7.Weight loss success (story) highlight balanced diets over extreme measures. 8.We should know our own (strong) and face challenges with courage and confidence. 9.Small actions can make a (different) to our environment and our society. 10.We should face the difficulties in study and life (positive). 11.Practice makes it possible (master) a foreign language. 12.You should check your homework carefully and correct your (error) in time. 13. (jog) regularly is a good way to keep energetic and reduce stress. 14.After three months of regular exercise, she looks much (slim) and healthier than before. 15. (compare) with basketball, soccer is Sarah’s favorite. 16.The soccer player pretended (pass) the ball to his teammate, then dribbled past the defender. 17.I chose (box) because it is my favourite sport.   18.Travellers get used to (live) in different climates and conditions. 19.It is not (surprise) that the National Security Law for Hong Kong SAR has been warmly welcomed by the Hong Kong residents. 20.It is my greatest comfort to be able   (change) at least one generation through education. 21.Mr. Wang taught us to practice (hard) than ever before and never give up. 22.I can’t imagine the boy speaking so (rude) to you. 23.Sam was too (embarrass) to communicate with the few online guests in his broadcasting room. 24.It upsets me (hear) the news of his being fired from his first job. 25.We have won a (glory) victory over our opponents by not giving up. 二、语法填空 Passage 01 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。 November 5, 2025, Beijing — The 43rd session of the UNESCO General Conference passed a resolution (决议) 1 (name) March 21 International Taijiquan Day. The establishment of the Taijiquan Day is an important decision, recognizing how Taijiquan 2 (significant) contributes to global health, cultural exchange, and even world peace. Rooted in yin-yang balance, Taijiquan combines 3 (element) of traditional medicine, martial arts, and philosophical thought. Over several centuries, it 4 (develop) into several major styles, such as Chen, Yang, Wu (Hao), and Sun, and is now practised by millions of people around the world. In 2020, Taijiquan 5 (add) to UNESCO’s intangible cultural heritage list. The 6 (choose) date March 21 is the vernal equinox, a day 7 day and night are of equal length. This perfectly matches 8 core idea of Taijiquan: harmony between humans and nature. Studies also find that 9 (practise) Taijiquan is good for both physical and mental health in the long run. Therefore, it is increasingly becoming part of global public health practices. 10 its wide popularity, Taijiquan continues to promote peace and cross-cultural dialogue across the globe. Passage 02 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tai Chi, recognized as a world intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO, 1 (believe) to have originated hundreds of years ago in China. This martial art consists of slow and graceful movements, each of 2 is performed with deep breathing and full concentration. In ancient times, it served as an effective way of self-defense and a means 3 (achieve) inner peace. With inner harmony 4 description, mastering Tai Chi takes years of practice and enormous patience, as true understanding doesn’t lie in imitation (模仿) 5 in its traditional Chinese philosophy. It is 6 (scientific) proven that regular practice benefits physically and mentally, for it not only improves balance but also relieve stress. As 7 unique martial art, it is deeply loved by foreigners as well. In recent decades, Tai Chi 8 (spread) rapidly across the globe, out of curiosity about traditional Chinese culture. Typically, 9 (practice) in the parks among aged people, Tai Chi has entered more schools and communities where young learners are seen to perform Tai Chi. The 10 (combine) of traditional heritage and modern life enables more people to appreciate its profound charm and keep it alive. 三、完形填空 Cloze 01 The players on the Academy basketball team knew something was wrong. Their coach, Brendan King, who never 1 them on weekends, urged them back to the gym. They had won the championship the night before, yet now they felt somewhat 2 . “We actually lost to Apache 43 — 42,” King announced. “The recordkeeper 3 the score.” All fell silent. “But this doesn’t 4 how proud I am of you and how hard we worked to get here.” 5 , it was a bitter pill for them to swallow. Within 20 minutes’ debating, the whole team 6 to turn the trophy (奖杯) over to the rightful champions, Apache. The game had been physical and 7 . Scoring was back and forth until the fourth quarter, when Apache pulled away by 14 points. The Academy players, 8 to give up and fought back hard, hitting shot after shot. Ultimately, they hit a 3-point buzzer-beater (压哨球) to top Apache by a point. The players 9 , but strangely King had a sinking feeling. That night, he replayed the game tape carefully, counting every 10 . His gut (直觉) was right: An Academy shot was mistakenly counted due to the recordkeeper’s poor angle. The next morning, he 11 the basketball officials before addressing his 12 . With his team’s support, King drove to Apache to 13 the trophy. “I know we didn’t have to do this,” King says. “But for us 14 means far more than a trophy. Apache earned their champion 15 , and we earned ours here.” 1.A.praised B.followed C.contacted D.welcomed 2.A.relieved B.awkward C.excited D.nervous 3.A.miscounted B.disregarded C.disallowed D.misinterpreted 4.A.reflect on B.take away C.bring out D.make for 5.A.Still B.Moreover C.Instead D.Therefore 6.A.managed B.struggled C.pretended D.decided 7.A.balanced B.casual C.intense D.flexible 8.A.learned B.refused C.hesitated D.tended 9.A.erupted B.sweated C.nodded D.escaped 10.A.pass B.shot C.touch D.point 11.A.blamed B.questioned C.informed D.lectured 12.A.families B.assistants C.players D.fans 13.A.deliver B.exchange C.reclaim D.display 14.A.determination B.effort C.reputation D.honesty 15.A.on camera B.on court C.in time D.in sight 学科网(北京)股份有限公22 / 59 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 3 Sports and Fitness(重难词汇精练)英语人教版必修第一册
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Unit 3 Sports and Fitness(重难词汇精练)英语人教版必修第一册
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Unit 3 Sports and Fitness(重难词汇精练)英语人教版必修第一册
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