Unit 4 语法讲练一【后缀-able】2026-2027学年仁爱科普版九年级英语上册

本讲义聚焦初中英语动词后缀 -able 构词法这一中考高频考点，系统梳理构词规则（动词+able、去e加able等）、否定变形（un-前缀）、语义分类（适合学习、人特质等）及中考句型模板，构建从规则理解到应用输出的完整学习支架。 该资料以核心素养为导向，通过学习话题例句培养语言能力，易混易错点辨析提升思维品质，多样化练习（单词默写、短文填空等）发展学习能力。课中辅助教师高效授课，课后助力学生强化应用，有效查漏补缺。

Unit 4 A Colorful World of Words Grammar in Use：【后缀 -able 】语法讲解（一） 一、核心定义 本课时重点学习动词后缀 -able，属于中考高频构词法考点。 1. 构词规则：动词 + -able → 形容词 【含义】：可……的；能够被……的；适合……的，带有被动含义（能被做某事）。 2. 词性特点：后缀-able构成的形容词，可作定语、表语，常搭配be动词使用。 3. 否定变形：部分单词可加前缀un-表否定：un- + 动词+able，意为“不可……的”。 例：believable（可信的）→ unbelievable（难以置信的） 二、-able 完整用法精讲 （一）基础拼写变形规则（中考易错必背） 1. 普通动词，直接加 -able 公式：动词原形 + able • teach（教）→ teachable 可教的、爱学习的 • read（读）→ readable 易读的、清晰可读的 • count（数）→ countable 可数的 【例句】：These kids are teachable. 这些孩子很好教。 2. 以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-able 公式：动词去e + able • change（改变）→ changeable 多变的 • understand（理解）→ understandable 易懂的 • believe（相信）→ believable 可信的 【例句】：The weather here is changeable. 这里天气多变。 3. 以辅音+y结尾动词，变y为i + able（极少考，了解即可） • rely（依靠）→ reliable 可靠的 4. 特殊固定词：无需变形直接加-able • suit（适合）→ suitable 合适的 搭配固定短语：be suitable for 适合…… （二）否定前缀un- + -able 拓展考点 在able形容词前加un，表相反含义，阅读、完形高频： 1. believable → unbelievable 难以置信的 2. comfortable → uncomfortable 不舒服的 3. readable → unreadable 难以读懂的 4. understandable → ununderstandable 无法理解的 【例句】：It’s unbelievable that she speaks 8 languages. 她会说8种语言，实在难以置信。 （三）核心语义分类+学习话题例句（学习技能主题） 1. 表“适合学习/阅读” readable 易懂可读的；understandable 容易理解的 The English passage is readable for Grade 9 students. 这篇英语短文初三学生能轻松读懂。 2. 表“人具备学习特质” teachable 好学的、可教导的 The students are teachable and active in class. 这些学生乐于学习，课堂十分积极。 3. 表“事物可变化、可计量” changeable 多变的；countable 可数的 Countable nouns have plural forms. 可数名词有复数形式。 4. 表“适配、合适的” suitable 合适的 The learning app is suitable for teenagers. 这款学习软件适合青少年使用。 5. 表“难以相信的” unbelievable 难以置信的 It’s unbelievable that he mastered English in one year. 他一年就掌握英语，太不可思议了。 三、中考必考句型模板 1. 基础主系表：主语 + be + 动词+able The story is believable. 这个故事可信。 2. 固定搭配：be suitable for + 名词/动名词 This tool is suitable for learning grammar. 这个工具适合学习语法。 3. 否定句式：主语 + be + un+able形容词 The text is unreadable for beginners. 初学者看不懂这篇文章。 4. 写作万能提问：Is it + 形容词 + to do sth.? Is the article understandable? 这篇文章易懂吗？ 四、写作高频固定搭配（学习技能话题专用） 1. readable articles 通俗易懂的文章 2. teachable students 好学的学生 3. changeable study plans 灵活可变的学习计划 4. countable nouns 可数名词 5. be suitable for teenagers 适合青少年 6. understandable explanations 浅显易懂的讲解 7. unbelievable learning progress 惊人的学习进步 五、易混易错点总结 1. 语义区分：-able 表被动含义（能被……），不要和 -ful（充满……的）混淆 read-able 能被读懂的；care-ful 充满细心的 2. 拼写易错点：change 变changeable，必须去掉末尾不发音e；teach直接加able，无需变形 3. 固定搭配：suitable 后面只能搭配介词for，不能用to 错误：suitable to kids ✅正确：suitable for kids 4. 可数名词考点：countable nouns 可数名词；uncountable nouns 不可数名词，完形填空常考 六、写作万能句型（单元作文直接套用） 1. The online learning materials are readable and understandable for us. 线上学习资料通俗易懂，很适合我们。 2. It’s unbelievable that he made such great progress in English. 他的英语取得这么大进步，实在令人惊叹。 3. This learning tool is suitable for students who want to improve listening. 这款学习工具适合想要提升听力的学生。 4. Our study plan is changeable, so we can adjust it anytime. 我们的学习计划灵活多变，可以随时调整。 Grammar in Use：【后缀 -able 】语法练习（一） 一、基础单词&短语默写（28题） 动词变形：动词→-able形容词 1. teach _______________ 2. read _______________ 3. count _______________ 4. change _______________ 5. understand _______________ 6. suit _______________ 7. believe _______________ 8. rely _______________ 写出否定形式un-...able 9. believable _______________ 10. readable _______________ 11. understandable _______________ 12. comfortable _______________ 短语默写（学习话题） 13. 可数名词 _______________ 14. 通俗易懂的文章 _______________ 15. 好学的学生 _______________ 16. 多变的学习计划 _______________ 17. 适合青少年 _______________ 18. 易懂的讲解 _______________ 19. 惊人的进步 _______________ 20. 线上学习工具 _______________ 拓展默写 21. 可理解的（adj.）_______________ 22. 合适的（adj.）_______________ 23. 难以置信的（adj.）_______________ 24. 易读的（adj.）_______________ 25. 适合学习英语（短语）_______________ 26. 多变的天气 _______________ 27. 好学又积极（短语）_______________ 28. 无法理解的信息 _______________ 2、 选词填空（20题） 选用方框词： changeable, suitable, countable, readable, understandable, unbelievable 1. The story is clear and _______________ for Grade 9 learners. 2. This English app is _______________ for kids to practice listening. 3. The study plan is _______________, we can adjust it every week. 4. _______________ nouns have plural forms such as apple, book and pen. 5. It’s _______________ that he learned three foreign languages in two years. 6. The teacher gave us _______________ explanations of difficult grammar points. 7. The weather in spring is _______________, so take an umbrella with you. 8. This short passage is short and _______________ for beginners. 9. The video course is not _______________ for primary students. 10. It’s _______________ that she finished all the grammar exercises in ten minutes. 11. We call apples, oranges and desks _______________ nouns. 12. The online dictionary is _______________ for English self-study. 13. My daily timetable is _______________ if I have after-school classes. 14. The grammar notes are simple and _______________ for every student. 15. It’s _______________ to see his great improvement in writing. 16. The textbook articles are well-written and _______________. 17. This game is not _______________ for teenagers under 12. 18. The mood of teenagers is usually _______________ during exams. 19. The teacher’s slow speech makes the rules _______________. 20. It’s _______________ that he memorized 500 words in one month. 三、句型改写（动词 ↔ -able形容词互换，12道） 例句：We can read the article easily. → The article is readable. 1. We can understand this grammar rule easily. → ________________________________________ 2. The plan fits middle school students well. → The plan is _______________ for middle school students. 3. We can count these nouns one by one. → These nouns are _______________. 4. We can teach the hard-working students easily. → The hard-working students are _______________. 5. The weather can change quickly in this city. → The weather here is _______________. 6. We can believe his true words. → His words are _______________. 7. No one can believe the surprising news. → The surprising news is _______________. 8. This notebook fits English learning perfectly. → This notebook is _______________ for English learning. 9. We can read the short story without difficulty. → The short story is _______________. 10. We can’t understand the difficult professional text. → The professional text is _______________. 11. Our study schedule can be changed every week. → Our study schedule is _______________. 12. We can count all the new words in this unit. → All the new words are _______________. 四、单项选择（18道，辨析后缀变形、词义、固定搭配） 1. The grammar notes are ______, so all students learn fast. A. understand B. understandable C. understood D. understanding 2. This learning app is ______ for junior high students. A. suit B. suitable C. suits D. suited 3. We call books, pens and desks ______ nouns. A. count B. countable C. counted D. counting 4. It’s ______ that he passed the English test without reviewing. A. believe B. believable C. unbelievable D. believed 5. The weather in spring is ______, so we need to check the weather report. A. change B. changeable C. changed D. changing 6. These active kids are ______ and they love asking questions. A. teach B. teachable C. taught D. teaching 7. This passage is short and ______ for English beginners. A. read B. readable C. reads D. reading 8. The boring report is ______ for teenagers to study. A. suitable B. unsuitable C. suit D. suited 9. You should remember that ______ nouns have plural forms. A. countable B. uncountable C. count D. counted 10. His quick progress in English is really ______. A. believe B. believable C. unbelievable D. believed 11. The teacher’s slow speech makes the rules ______. A. understand B. understandable C. understood D. understanding 12. My weekend study plan is ______, I can add new tasks anytime. A. change B. changeable C. changed D. changing 13. The simple story is ______ for Grade 7 students. A. readable B. unreadable C. read D. reading 14. This kind of learning tool is ______ self-study at home. A. suitable to B. suitable for C. suit to D. suit for 15. The difficult article is ______ for new learners. A. understandable B. ununderstandable C. understand D. understood 16. All the kids in this class are ______ and listen carefully in class. A. teachable B. unteachable C. teach D. taught 17. It’s ______ that she memorized all unit words in one night. A. believable B. unbelievable C. believe D. believed 18. The ______ weather makes us bring different clothes every day. A. changeable B. countable C. readable D. suitable 五、中英互译（20题，学习技能写作专项） 汉译英 1. 通俗易懂的英语短文 ________________________ 2. 适合初中生的学习软件 ________________________ 3. 可数名词与不可数名词 ________________________ 4. 好学又积极的学生 ________________________ 5. 多变的周末学习计划 ________________________ 6. 令人难以置信的英语进步 ________________________ 7. 简单易懂的语法讲解 ________________________ 8. 适合自学的线上工具 ________________________ 9. 难以读懂的专业文章 ________________________ 10. 灵活可变的学习安排 ________________________ 英译汉 1. teachable and active students ________________________ 2. readable learning materials ________________________ 3. be suitable for English beginners ________________________ 4. changeable daily study timetable ________________________ 5. countable nouns in grammar ________________________ 6. unbelievable progress in listening ________________________ 7. understandable grammar explanations ________________________ 8. unsuitable for young kids ________________________ 9. unreadable long difficult passages ________________________ 10. changeable spring weather ________________________ 六、短文综合填空（3篇学习主题短文，用括号动词变形+后缀-able填空） Passage 1（课堂学习） All the students in our class are 1.________ (teach). Our English teacher gives 2.________ (understand) grammar rules every day. The short articles in our textbook are 3.________ (read) for Grade 9. We learn about 4.________ (count) nouns in this unit. My study plan is 5.________ (change), so I can adjust it freely. It’s 6.________ (believe) that I finished all exercises in half an hour. This learning app is 7.________ (suit) for us to practice oral English. Some long professional texts are 8.________ (understand) for new learners. The spring weather is 9.________ (change), so I always bring extra books to study indoors. The simple word lists are 10.________ (read) for everyone. Passage 2（线上自学） There are many online tools for English study. Most passages on this website are 1.________ (read) for teenagers. The grammar videos have 2.________ (understand) explanations. The timetable for self-study is 3.________ (change). These tools are 4.________ (suit) for students who want to improve writing. We learn the difference between 5.________ (count) and uncountable nouns this week. It’s 6.________ (believe) that he improved his scores quickly. The hard math articles are 7.________ (understand) for junior students. All the hard-working learners in the group are 8.________ (teach). The weather is 9.________ (change), so we choose indoor online study. The short story collections are 10.________ (read) and interesting. Passage 3（课后提升） My after-school study plan is 1.________ (change). The English magazine articles are 2.________ (read) for Grade Nine. The teacher’s notes are 3.________ (understand) for every student. We memorize 4.________ (count) nouns as our grammar homework. This listening tool is 5.________ (suit) for daily practice. It’s 6.________ (believe) that she mastered all suffix rules in one day. Some complex exam articles are 7.________ (understand) for beginners. The active classmates are all 8.________ (teach). The outdoor study time is affected by the 9.________ (change) weather. The simple word exercises are 10.________ (read) and easy to finish. 参考答案 一、基础单词&短语默写 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. teachable 2. readable 3. countable 4. changeable 5. understandable 6. suitable 7. believable 8. reliable 9. unbelievable 10. unreadable 11. ununderstandable 12. uncomfortable 13. countable nouns 14. readable articles 15. teachable students 16. changeable study plans 17. be suitable for teenagers 18. understandable explanations 19. unbelievable progress 20. online learning tools 21. understandable 22. suitable 23. unbelievable 24. readable 25. be suitable for learning English 26. changeable weather 27. teachable and active 28. ununderstandable information 二、选词填空 1. readable 2. suitable 3. changeable 4. Countable 5. unbelievable 6. understandable 7. changeable 8. readable 9. suitable 10. unbelievable 11. countable 12. suitable 13. changeable 14. understandable 15. unbelievable 16. readable 17. suitable 18. changeable 19. understandable 20. unbelievable 三、句型改写 1. This grammar rule is understandable. 2. suitable 3. countable 4. teachable 5. changeable 6. believable 7. unbelievable 8. suitable 9. readable 10. ununderstandable 11. changeable 12. countable 四、单项选择 1. B 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.B 16.A 17.B 18.A 五、中英互译 汉译英 1. readable English articles 2. learning apps suitable for junior high students 3. countable and uncountable nouns 4. teachable and active students 5. changeable weekend study plans 6. unbelievable progress in English 7. understandable grammar explanations 8. online tools suitable for self-study 9. unreadable professional passages 10. changeable study arrangements 英译汉 1. 好学积极的学生 2. 通俗易懂的学习资料 3. 适合英语初学者 4. 灵活多变的每日学习时间表 5. 语法中的可数名词 6. 听力方面惊人的进步 7. 浅显易懂的语法讲解 8. 不适合低龄儿童 9. 晦涩难懂的长篇文章 10. 多变的春日天气 六、短文综合填空 Passage 1 1. teachable 2. understandable 3. readable 4. countable 5. changeable 6. unbelievable 7. suitable 8. ununderstandable 9. changeable 10. readable Passage 2 1. readable 2. understandable 3. changeable 4. suitable 5. countable 6. unbelievable 7. ununderstandable 8. teachable 9. changeable 10. readable Passage 3 1. changeable 2. readable 3. understandable 4. countable 5. suitable 6. unbelievable 7. ununderstandable 8. teachable 9. changeable 10. readable $