Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts Grammar in Use:【后缀 -en 】语法讲解 2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语九年级上册

**基本信息** 该专项系统构建后缀-en的动词/形容词转化方法体系，通过“定义-分类-规则-考点-对比”逻辑链强化语言能力与思维品质，实现知识迁移与应试突破。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法讲解|核心定义（2大用法）、分类1（5类拼写规则+13个高频词）、分类2（3个固定词）、核心考点（4类用法）、易混对比（-en vs -ment）|提炼“形容词/名词+en”转化逻辑，总结5类拼写变形规则，归纳及物动词用法与写作句型|从核心定义出发，经分类规则细化，到考点应用（词性/辨析/搭配），最终对比易混后缀，形成“概念-规则-应用”完整认知链| |语法练习|默写25题、填空20题、句型转换10题、单选15题、互译15题、短文填空2篇|通过“基础默写-语境填空-句型转换-综合应用”梯度训练，强化规则迁移与考点落实|匹配讲解逻辑，从单词变形到语境应用，再到语篇综合，实现从知识记忆到语言运用的能力提升|

Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts Grammar in Use：【后缀 -en 】语法练习（一）参考答案 一、单词基础默写 1. widen 2. deepen 3. brighten 4. sharpen 5. darken 2. loosen 7. thin 8. redden 9. sadden 10. lengthen 3. strengthen 12. soften 13. quicken 14. wooden 15. golden 4. silken 17. width 18. length 19. strength 20. depth 5. sadden 22. sharpen 23. wooden 24. golden 25. quicken 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. to widen 2. darkens 3. to sharpen 4. brightens 5. to deepen 6. loosened 7. thins 8. reddened 9. saddened 10. lengthen 11. strengthen 12. softens 13. quickened 14. wooden 15. golden 16. width 17. length 18. strength 19. depth 20. silken 三、句型转换（参考） 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. Workers will widen the road. 2. Rain deepens the river. 3. Please sharpen the pencil. 4. darkened the sky. 5. loosens his tie after work. 6. lengthen the holiday. 7. strengthen our body. 8. softens the butter. 9. brightened her mood. 10. thin the soup with water. 四、单项选择 1. B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6. D 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.B 11.C 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.B 五、中英互译 汉译英 1. widen the road 2. deepen friendship 3. sharpen pencils 4. strengthen confidence 5. lengthen the holiday 6. a wooden desk 7. golden sunset 英译汉 1. 愉悦某人的心情 2. 松开绳子 3. 强身健体 4. 河流的宽度 5. 丝滑的秀发 6. 软化黄油 7. 加快步行脚步 六、短文填空 Passage 1 1.widen 2.darkened 3.sharpen 4.brighten 5.deepen 6.lengthen 7.strengthen 8.wooden 9.golden 10.length Passage 2 1.soften 2.saddened 3.loosen 4.quicken 5.width 6.deepen 7.silken 8.strength 9.widened 10.depth $ Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts Grammar in Use：【后缀 -en 】语法讲解（一） 一、核心定义 后缀 -en 有两大核心用法，中考必考： 1. 形容词 + en → 动词（最常考） 含义：（使）变得……；使某物具备某种形容词描述的状态，表“使……化、变……” 逻辑：形容词（描述特征）→ 及物动词（使产生该特征） 例：wide（adj.宽的）→ widen（v.拓宽） 2. 名词 + en → 动词（少量固定词） 含义：用……制作；使充满…… 例：wood（n.木头）→ wooden（adj.木制的，特例）；gold（n.黄金）→ golden（adj.金色的） 补充：后缀 -en 放在词尾作动词后缀；放在词尾作形容词后缀仅用于物质名词（wood/gold/silk） 二、分类1：形容词 + -en 变动词（中考核心考点） 拼写变形规则（易错必背） 1. 一般短形容词，直接加 -en wide → widen 拓宽；deep → deepen 加深；sharp → sharpen 削尖； bright → brighten 使明亮 2. 以 e 结尾的形容词，直接加 -n（不加en） wide 本身带e，widen（不是wideen）；loose → loosen 松开 3. 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅结尾），双写末尾辅音+en thin → thinnen 使变薄；red → redden 变红；sad → sadden 使悲伤 4. 以 y 结尾形容词，变 y 为 i + en dry → dry en(dryen) → drien 烘干；silly 极少用，不考 5. 特殊无规则变形（单独记忆） long → lengthen 加长（不是longen）；strong → strengthen 加强 高频词表（必考） 形容词 中文 动词(-en) 动词释义 例句/短语 wide 宽的 widen 拓宽，加宽 We will widen the road.我们将要拓宽道路。 deep 深的 deepen 加深；深化 deepen friendship 加深友谊 bright 明亮的 brighten 使明亮；使开心 The sun brightens the room.阳光照亮房间。 sharp 锋利的 sharpen 削尖；磨锋利 sharpen pencils 削铅笔 dark 黑暗的 darken 变暗；变黑 Clouds darkened the sky.乌云遮蔽天空。 loose 松的 loosen 松开；放松 loosen the rope 松开绳子 thin 薄的；瘦的 thinnen 使变薄；变细 Thin the soup by adding water.加水稀释汤。 red 红色的 redden 变红；脸红 Her face reddens when she is shy.她害羞会脸红。 sad 伤心的 sadden 使难过 The bad news saddened us.坏消息让我们难过。 long 长的 lengthen 延长，加长 lengthen the holiday 延长假期 strong 强壮的 strengthen 加强；巩固 strengthen confidence 增强信心 soft 柔软的 soften 软化；变软 Heat softens the butter.高温软化黄油。 quick 快的 quicken 加快（速度） quicken steps 加快脚步 三、分类2：物质名词 + -en 变形容词 规则：表示“由……制成的、像……一样的”，仅wood/gold/silk固定搭配 1. wood (n.木头) → wooden (adj.木制的) 例：a wooden desk 一张木桌子 2. gold (n.黄金) → golden (adj.金色的；黄金般的) 区分：gold ring 黄金戒指（真金材质）；golden sun 金色的太阳（颜色，非黄金） 3. silk (n.丝绸) → silken (adj.丝滑的，柔软的) 例：silken hair 丝滑的秀发 四、核心语法考点 1. 动词-en 词性用法（完形/单选高频） • 词性：及物动词 vt.，后面直接接宾语 结构：主语 + en动词 + 宾语 例：The story saddens me. 这个故事让我难过。 • 被动形式：be + en动词过去分词 例：The road was widened last year. 这条路去年被拓宽了。 • 名词变形：en动词 + -ment 构成名词（和之前-ment后缀联动考点） strengthen(v.加强) → strength(n.力量)；widen(v.拓宽) → width(n.宽度)； length(n.长度)→lengthen(v.加长) 2. 易混辨析：-en动词 / 原形容词 形容词：描述人/物状态（作表语、定语） The road is wide. 这条路很宽。 -en动词：表示“使变得宽”（作谓语动作） We widen the road. 我们拓宽道路。 3. 固定搭配（短文填空必背） 1. strengthen one’s confidence 增强某人的信心 2. deepen the friendship 加深友谊 3. sharpen pencils 削铅笔 4. brighten one’s day 让某人一整天开心 5. loosen the tie 松开领带 6. lengthen working hours 延长工作时长 7. wooden box 木箱子 8. golden light 金色光芒 4. 写作万能句型（英语作文提分） 1. We should strengthen our body by doing sports. 我们应该通过运动增强体质。 2. Reading can deepen our understanding of the world. 阅读可以加深我们对世界的理解。 3. The warm smile brightened my whole day. 温暖的笑容让我一整天心情愉悦。 五、易混后缀对比：-en（动词/形容词）vs -ment（名词） 1. -en：形容词变动词，表“使变得…”；名词变形容词（木制/金色） wide → widen(v.)；wood → wooden(adj.) 2. -ment：动词变名词，表“行为、状态” move(v.移动) → movement(n.活动)；agree(v.同意) → agreement(n.协议) Grammar in Use：【后缀 -en 】语法练习（一） 一、单词基础默写（25题，写出对应变形） 第一组：形容词→-en动词 1. wide (adj.宽的) → _______________ 2. deep (adj.深的) → _______________ 3. bright (adj.明亮的) → _______________ 4. sharp (adj.锋利的) → _______________ 5. dark (adj.黑暗的) → _______________ 6. loose (adj.松的) → _______________ 7. thin (adj.薄的) → _______________ 8. red (adj.红色的) → _______________ 9. sad (adj.伤心的) → _______________ 10. long (adj.长的) → _______________ 11. strong (adj.强壮的) → _______________ 12. soft (adj.柔软的) → _______________ 13. quick (adj.快速的) → _______________ 第二组：名词→-en形容词 14. wood (n.木头) → _______________ 15. gold (n.黄金) → _______________ 16. silk (n.丝绸) → _______________ 第三组：-en动词→对应名词拓展 17. widen (v.拓宽) → _______________(n.宽度) 18. lengthen (v.延长) → _______________(n.长度) 19. strengthen (v.加强) → _______________(n.力量) 20. deepen (v.加深) → _______________(n.深度) 拓展默写 21. 使悲伤(v.) _______________（sad变形） 22. 削尖(v.) _______________（sharp变形） 23. 木制的(adj.) _______________ 24. 金色的(adj.) _______________ 25. 加快(v.) _______________（quick变形） 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空（20题） 1. The workers plan ________ (wide) the small street next month. 2. The rainy sky ________ (dark) quickly before the storm. 3. You need ________ (sharp) your pencil before the exam. 4. This warm story ________ (bright) everyone’s mood. 5. We want ________ (deep) our friendship with classmates. 6. He ________ (loose) his tie after finishing work. 7. The thin wind ________ (thin) the thick fog slowly. 8. Her face ________ (red) when she saw her favorite star. 9. The bad news ________ (sadden) all of us yesterday. 10. Schools will ________ (length) the summer holiday this year. 11. Exercise can ________ (strong) your body and mind. 12. The sun ________ (soft) the hard ice in spring. 13. He ________ (quick) his steps to catch the early bus. 14. There is a ________ (wood) table in the classroom. 15. We enjoyed the ________ (gold) sunset by the sea. 16. The ________ (wide) of the river is 20 meters. 17. We all know the ________ (long) of the new road. 18. Regular exercise improves our ________ (strong). 19. The ________ (deep) of the lake makes people afraid. 20. Her ________ (silk) hair looks very beautiful. 三、句型转换（形容词句 ↔ -en动词句，10道） 例句：The window is bright.（形容词） → The sunshine brightens the window.（en动词句） 1. The road is very wide. → ________________________________________ 2. The river is deep. → ________________________________________ 3. The pencil is sharp. → ________________________________________ 4. The sky became dark. → Clouds _________________________________ 5. His tie is loose. → He ____________________________________ 6. The holiday will be longer. → We will ________________________________ 7. Our body will be stronger. → Sports _________________________________ 8. The butter becomes soft in heat. → Heat ___________________________________ 9. Her mood is bright now. → The good news __________________________ 10. The soup is too thin. → We can _________________________________ 四、单项选择（15道，辨析形容词/en动词/变形名词） 1. Workers will ______ the old bridge next year. A. wide B. widen C. widely D. width 2. The ______ of the lake surprises all visitors. A. deep B. deepen C. depth D. deeply 3. You should ______ your knives before cutting fruit. A. sharp B. sharpen C. sharply D. sharpness 4. The warm words ______ my whole day yesterday. A. bright B. brighten C. brightened D. brightly 5. We need to ______ our friendship with partners. A. deep B. deepen C. depth D. deeply 6. He ______ his belt and sat down to rest. A. loose B. loosen C. loosely D. loosened 7. The ______ table is made from oak trees. A. wood B. wooden C. gold D. golden 8. Daily exercise can ______ your heart. A. strong B. strengthen C. strength D. strongly 9. The ______ sunlight fell on the farm in the evening. A. gold B. golden C. wood D. wooden 10. We plan to ______ the sports meeting for two days. A. long B. lengthen C. length D. longer 11. The sad movie ______ every kid in the cinema. A. sad B. sadden C. saddened D. sadly 12. The ______ of the wall is 5 meters. A. wide B. widen C. width D. widely 13. Hot water can ______ the hard chocolate quickly. A. soft B. soften C. softly D. softness 14. She ______ her steps to get home before dark. A. quick B. quicken C. quickened D. quickly 15. Her ______ hair attracts many people’s attention. A. silk B. silken C. wooden D. golden 五、中英互译（15题，写作专项） 汉译英 1. 拓宽道路 ________________________ 2. 加深友谊 ________________________ 3. 削铅笔 ________________________ 4. 增强信心 ________________________ 5. 延长假期 ________________________ 6. 木制书桌 ________________________ 7. 金色的夕阳 ________________________ 英译汉 1. brighten one’s mood ________________________ 2. loosen the rope ________________________ 3. strengthen body ________________________ 4. the width of the river ________________________ 5. silken hair ________________________ 6. soften the butter ________________________ 7. quicken walking steps ________________________ 六、短文综合填空（2篇，用括号词正确变形） Passage 1 The town will 1.________ (wide) the main road this summer. Dark clouds 2.________ (dark) the sky suddenly, and we began to 3.________ (sharp) our pencils for the exam. Warm talks 4.________ (bright) our hearts and 5.________ (deep) our friendship. We want to 6.________ (length) our break time to relax. Sports can 7.________ (strong) our bodies. There is a 8.________ (wood) chair beside the window, and the 9.________ (gold) light makes the room warm. The 10.________ (long) of the road is 1000 meters. Passage 2 To 1.________ (soft) the hard candy, we put it in hot water. The sad story 2.________ (sadden) everyone in class. He will 3.________ (loose) his heavy bag after school. We try to 4.________ (quick) our speed to arrive on time. The 5.________ (wide) of the lake surprises tourists. We need to 6.________ (deep) our understanding of this text. The 7.________ (silk) dress looks expensive. Exercise can improve our 8.________ (strong). The workers 9.________ (widen) the street last week. The 10.________ (deep) of the pool is 3 meters. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $