Unit1语法(名词后缀-ment)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年仁爱科普版英语九年级上册新课预习

该初中英语导学案聚焦Unit1语法核心，系统讲解名词后缀-ment，通过“动词+ment=抽象名词”的定义及四大拼写规则，结合课本核心词形转换表搭建学习支架，帮助学生从动词变形过渡到名词的语义理解与句法运用。 资料亮点在于融合语言能力与思维品质培养，通过口诀记忆、语义四层分类及易错点辨析深化理解，多样化巩固练习（填空、选择、翻译）覆盖不同应用场景，助力学生掌握词形转换规律，提升语法应用与自主学习能力。

Unit1 Let's Be Friends!语法讲解与练习 名词后缀-ment完整精讲 一、核心定义 -ment 是名词后缀，规则：动词 + -ment = 抽象名词 含义：表示动作、行为、过程、结果、状态、事物 句式口诀：动词表动作， - ment 变名词，可做主/宾/表语。 二、四大拼写变化规则 规则 1：绝大多数动词直接加 -ment（本单元主流） develop (v. 发展) → development (n. 发展) improve (v. 改善) → improvement (n. 进步，改善) agree (v. 同意) → agreement (n. 协议，共识) achieve (v. 实现，取得) → achievement (n. 成就) treat (v. 对待；治疗) → treatment (n. 治疗；待遇) move (v. 移动) → movement (n. 运动，活动) pay (v. 支付) → payment (n. 付款) encourage (v. 鼓励) → encouragement (n. 鼓励) 规则 2：以不发音字母e结尾，保留e加-ment amuse (v. 使开心) → amusement (n. 娱乐) excite (v. 使兴奋) → excitement (n. 激动) 规则 3：特殊特例：以-ue 结尾，去掉e再加-ment（高频考点） argue (v. 争吵，争论) → argument (n. 争论，论点) 规则 4：辅音+ y结尾，变 y为i + ment（少见，拓展） embody (v. 体现) → embodiment (n. 体现) 三、-ment 名词的 四层语义（结合课文例句理解） 1.表动作、过程 movement 移动这个行为；development 发展的过程 例：The development of friendship takes time. 友谊的建立（发展）需要时间。 2.表动作的结果 agreement （交谈后达成的）协议；achievement 努力换来的成 例：We reached an agreement after talking. 我们交谈后达成了协议。 3.表状态、感受 excitement 激动的心情；enjoyment 愉悦 例：Her words gave me great encouragement. 她的话给了我莫大鼓舞。 4.表物品、机构 equipment 设备；government 政府 四、句法功能（在句子里怎么用） 作主语：The improvement of our relationship makes me happy. 关系的改善让我很开心。 作宾语：We all admire his great achievement. 我们都敬佩他的伟大成就。 作表语：This is a big development in our friendship. 这是我们友谊的一大进展。 修饰搭配：前面常用形容词（great, rapid, big）、冠词 a/an/the a great achievement 一项伟大成就 rapid development 快速发展 五、Unit1 课本核心词形转换表（必背） 动词(v.) 变形名词(n.) 中文释义 develop development 发展，成长 improve improvement 改善，进步 agree agreement 同意，协议 achieve achievement 成就，成绩 treat treatment 治疗；对待方式 encourage encouragement 鼓励，激励 move movement 活动，运动 六、高频易错点（考试丢分点） 1.argue 变形必去 e：argument ❌arguement 2.不要额外加 e：development ❌developement 3.区分可数/不可数： *可数：an agreement, a great achievement *不可数：development, improvement, encouragement（一般无复数） 4.固定短语：reach an agreement 达成协议 with excitement 激动地 七、拓展中考高频 -ment词汇 1. disagreement 分歧，意见不合 Example: We had a small disagreement about the travel plan. 翻译：我们在旅行计划上产生了一点分歧。 2. punishment 惩罚；处罚 Example: The boy accepted his punishment for breaking the window. 翻译：男孩为打碎窗户接受了惩罚。 3. adjustment 调整；适应 Example: This schedule needs a slight adjustment. 翻译：这份日程表需要小幅调整。 4. amusement 娱乐；乐趣 Example: She reads novels for amusement after work. 翻译：她下班后看小说消遣。 5. equipment 设备；装备（不可数） Example: The lab bought new sports equipment last month. 翻译：实验室上个月购置了新实验设备。 6. management 管理；管理层 Example: Good management helps a company run smoothly. 翻译：良好的管理能让公司平稳运营。 【巩固练习】 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. The fast ________ (develop) of our school makes our study life better. 2. Your ________ (improve) in spoken English is very obvious these days. 3. Finally, all students reached an ________ (agree) on the class rules. 4. Finishing the difficult task is a great ________ (achieve) for him. 5. My parents’ ________ (encourage) always helps me face difficulties bravely. 6. The doctor’s ________ (treat) saved the sick boy’s life. 7. Regular ________ (move) can help us keep healthy and active. 8. We had a heated ________ (argue) about the plan of the school trip. 9. The ________ (excite) on her face showed she won the competition. 10. Online ________ (pay) is very convenient for young people now. 11. Reading brings me much ________ (enjoy) in my free time. 12. The ________ (manage) of the library is very strict with rules. 13. There is no ________ (disagree) between the two friends on this problem. 14. The ________ (amuse) park is a good place for us to relax on weekends. 15. His hard work deserves praise and ________ (punish) is impossible for him. 16. The ________ (adjust) of our study plan helps us get better grades. 17. Modern ________ (equip) makes our classroom teaching more efficient. 18. We all look forward to the further ________ (develop) of our friendship. 19. Every small ________ (improve) is a sign of your progress. 20. True friendship needs communication and mutual ________ (encourage). 二、单项选择题 1. After a long discussion, the two sides finally reached an ______. A. agree B. agreement C. agreeement D. agreeing 2. The rapid ______ of science and technology changes our life greatly. A. develop B. developement C. development D. developing 3. His hard work finally led to great ______ in his study. A. achievement B. achieve C. achieving D. achievemen 4. There was a small ______ between the two friends on the study plan. A. disagree B. disagreement C. disagreeing D. disagreeement 5. The teacher’s ______ gave me enough confidence to keep going. A. encourage B. encouragement C. encouraging D. encouraging 6. We need a slight ______ of our daily schedule to fit the new task. A. adjust B. adjustment C. adjusting D. adjustement 7. They had a heated ______ about the coming school activity. A. argue B. arguement C. argument D. arguing 8. The ______ of the patient is going well these days. A. treat B. treatment C. treatement D. treating 9. People usually take part in different activities for ______. A. amuse B. amusement C. amuseement D. amusing 10. Good ______ is the key to a successful company. A. manage B. management C. manageement D. managing 11. The school bought new sports ______ for students last week. A. equipment B. equipments C. equip D. equipement 12. The boy accepted his ______ for being late for school again. A. punish B. punishment C. punishement D. punishing 13. The ______ of people’s living conditions makes us happier. A. improvement B. improve C. improvemen D. improving 14. Many people joined the voluntary ______ to protect the environment. A. move B. movement C. moveement D. moving 15. He looked at the gift with great ______. A. excite B. excitement C. exciteement D. exciting 16. Which of the following spelling is correct? A. developement B. argument C. arguement D. agreeement 17. We all admire his great ______ in public service. A. achievements B. achievement C. achieve D. achieving 18. The ______ of the new rule brings many benefits to students. A. adjust B. adjustment C. adjusting D. adjustmen 19. There is no ______ between our opinions in this matter. A. disagreement B. disagree C. disagreeing D. disagreeement 20. The timely ______ saved the old man’s life. A. treat B. treatment C. treatement D. treating 三、汉译英句子翻译 1. 城市的发展让人们的生活越来越好。 ________________________________________________ 2. 我们最终和队友达成了共识。 ________________________________________________ 3. 这次争吵源于小小的意见分歧。 ________________________________________________ 4. 老师的鼓励让我勇敢面对困难。 ________________________________________________ 5. 这份计划需要一点小小的调整。 ________________________________________________ 6. 良好的管理可以提高工作效率。 ________________________________________________ 7. 运动是最好的娱乐方式之一。 ________________________________________________ 8. 他的努力取得了巨大的进步。 ________________________________________________ Keys 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 1. development 2. improvement 3. agreement 4. achievement 5. encouragement 6. treatment 7. movement 8. argument 9. excitement 10. payment 11. enjoyment 12. management 13. disagreement 14. amusement 15. punishment 16. adjustment 17. equipment 18. development 19. improvement 20. encouragement 二、单项选择 1.B 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.B 11.A 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.B 16.B 17.B 18.B 19.A 20.B 三、汉译英 1. The development of the city makes people’s lives better and better. 2. We finally reached an agreement with our teammates. 3. This argument came from a small disagreement. 4. The teacher’s encouragement makes me face difficulties bravely. 5. This plan needs a small adjustment. 6. Good management can improve work efficiency. 7. Sports are one of the best forms of amusement. 8. His hard work has brought great improvement. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $