Unit 1 Good habits（易错题专项训练·基础知识）英语译林版三起五年级上册（新教材）

Unit 1 Good habits 专题01 基础知识·易错题专项训练 1.字母组合“bl”的发音规则 2.动词show的用法 3.careful的用法 4.many/much/a lot of的用法 5.good和well的用法 6.句型It’s one’s turn的用法 高频易错点、易错点提示、小练笔、答题点拨 易错精讲 高频易错点01 字母组合“bl”的发音（P12） 字母组合“bl”在这里发音/bl/，如 blackboard /ˈblækbɔːd/ blue /bluː/ black /blæk/ 易错点提示 bl 发音规则 1. 辅音组合 bl 永远发 /bl/，由 /b/ + /l/ 快速连读而成，口型连贯不分开。 2. 位置：多放在单词开头 例：black /blæk/、blue /bluː/、blank /blæŋk/ 3. 发音要点： /b/：双唇紧闭爆破，轻读； /l/：舌尖抵上齿龈，声带振动； 两个音连在一起快速读出，不要中间加元音。 小练笔 判断划线部分发音是否相同，相同写S，不同写D ( )1. black blue ( )2. blow book ( )3. blind bag ( )4. block black ( )5. blouse lake ( )6. blood blue 点拨 1. 答案：S black /blæk/，blue /bluː/，两个单词划线部分都是组合 bl，发音 /bl/，发音相同。 2. 答案：D blow /bləʊ/ 划线 bl 读 /bl/；book /bʊk/ 划线只有 b，读 /b/，发音不同。 3. 答案：D blind /blaɪnd/ 划线 bl 读 /bl/；bag /bæɡ/ 划线只有 b，读 /b/，发音不同。 4. 答案：S block /blɒk/，black /blæk/，划线均为 bl 组合，发音 /bl/，发音相同。 5. 答案：D blouse /blaʊz/ 划线 bl 读 /bl/；lake /leɪk/ 划线只有 l，读 /l/，发音不同。 6. 答案：S blood /blʌd/，blue /bluː/，划线都是 bl 组合，发音 /bl/，发音相同。 高频易错点02 Tina shows Aunt Alice around the house（P10） show sb. around + 地点 含义：带某人参观某地 结构：show + 人 + around + 场所 1. I show my friend around my school. 我带我的朋友参观我的学校。 2. She shows us around the garden. 她带我们参观花园。 易错点提示 show 基础词性：及物动词 v. 展示；出示；带领 搭配1：show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看（双宾语结构） Show me your pen. = Show your pen to me. 把你的钢笔给我看看。 He shows his toy to me. = He shows me his toy. 他把他的玩具拿给我看。 ⚠️ 注意：sth. 是代词（it/them）时，只能用 show sth. to sb. 正确：Show it to me. 错误：Show me it. 小练笔 基础题（单选） ( )1. My mother ______ me around our new flat. A. show B. shows C. showing ( )2. Show ______ your new bag. A. I B. me C. my ( )3. We can show our pictures ______ Miss Li. A. to B. for C. at ( )4. Let’s show Tom ______ our playground. A. around B. to C. at 句型转换 5. I show my cousin around my room.（主语改为She） She ______ ______ cousin around ______ room. 6. Show him your ruler.（同义句） Show your ruler ______ ______. 点拨 1. 答案：B 解析：mother三单，动词用shows 2. 答案：B 解析：动词后用人称宾格me 3. 答案：A 解析：show sth to sb 固定搭配 4. 答案：A 解析：show sb around sp 带某人参观某地 5. 答案：shows her; her 解析：she三单，show变shows；形容词性物主代词her修饰cousin/room 6. 答案：to him 解析：show sb sth = show sth to sb 高频易错点03 Be careful, Aunt Alice. Bobby never keeps his room tidy.（P11） careful /ˈkeəfl/ 形容词 adj. 小心的；仔细的 Be careful. 翻译：小心；当心。 结构：Be + 形容词（祈使句，用来提醒、劝告别人） 拓展同类句式： Be quiet. 安静点。 Be happy. 开心一点。 易错点提示 carefully adv. 仔细地，小心地（修饰动词） Listen carefully. 认真听。 careful（形）：放在be动词后修饰人 carefully（副）：放在动词后，修饰动作 You are careful.（你很细心） Write carefully.（认真书写） careful 高频固定搭配 1. be careful with sth. 小心某物；爱护某物 例：Be careful with the glass. 小心玻璃杯。 2. be careful to do sth. 小心/仔细去做某事 例：Be careful to cross the road. 过马路要小心。 3. be careful of sth. 当心、提防某物（危险事物） 例：Be careful of the dog. 小心那条狗。 小练笔 单项选择 ( )1. ______ careful! The floor is wet. A. Be B. Is C. Are ( )2. Please write ______. A. careful B. carefully C. care ( )3. Be careful ______ the hot soup. A. of B. to C. for ( )4. He is a ______ boy, he often makes mistakes. A. careful B. careless C. carefully 点拨 1. 答案：A 解析：祈使句固定 Be + 形容词 2. 答案：B 解析：副词carefully修饰动词write 3. 答案：A 解析：be careful of 提防、小心危险物品 4. 答案：B 解析：经常犯错，说明粗心careless 高频易错点04 Yang Ling has many good habits（P13） many adj. 许多的，大量的 many + 名词复数 There are many things in my schoolbag. 我书包里有很多东西。 易错点提示 many / much / a lot of的区分 many+可数名词复数 a lot of +可数名词复数/不可数名词 much+不可数名词 There are a lot of students in the classroom. 教室里有很多学生 I have much money. 我有很多钱。 A lot of people like eating chocolates. 很多人喜欢吃巧克力。 I drink a lot of water every day. 我每天吃很多大米。 小练笔 单项选择。 ( )1. —How ______ bread do we need? —Just a little. A. many B. much C. a lot of ( )2. There are ______ beautiful flowers in the garden. A. much B. a lot of C. many of ( )3. I can’t carry ______ heavy boxes by myself. A. many B. much C. a lot ( )4. ______ people come to visit the museum every weekend. A. Much B. A lot C. A lot of 点拨 1. 答案：B 解析：“bread（面包）”是不可数名词，询问不可数名词的数量用“how much”；“how many”用于可数名词复数，“a lot of”不能和“how”搭配，所以选B。 2. 答案：B 解析：“flowers（花）”是可数名词复数。“much”只能修饰不可数名词，排除A；“many of”后需接“the/these/those+可数名词复数”，此处无限定词，排除C；“a lot of”可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，符合语境，所以选B。 3. 答案：A 解析：“boxes（箱子）”是可数名词复数。“much”修饰不可数名词，排除B；“a lot”是副词短语，不能直接修饰名词，排除C；“many”修饰可数名词复数，所以选A。 4. 答案：C 解析：“people（人们）”是可数名词复数，只是单复同形。“much”修饰不可数名词，排除A；“a lot”是副词短语，不能直接修饰名词，排除B；“A lot of”可修饰可数名词复数，所以选C。 高频易错点05 She does well at school.（P13） do well 做得好；表现出色；擅长 固定搭配（必考） do well in + 名词 / 动名词 (doing) = be good at … 擅长…… She is good at skating. = She does well in skating. 她擅长溜冰。 易错点提示 good和well的区分 good 是形容词，作定语或表语。 He is a good boy. 他是个好孩子。 well 通常是副词，用来修饰动词、副词或形容词，表示程度或方式等。 He can swim well. 他游泳游得好。 well 也可作形容词，只用于健康方面，表示“身体健康的”。 She isn't feeling well today. 她今天感觉不舒服。 bad 和 badly 的用法区别 bad 是形容词，意为“坏的，糟糕的，差的，严重的”。 1.The weather is so bad. 天气太糟了。 2. He has got a bad cold. 他患上了严重的感冒。 badly 是副词，意为“不好地，差”。 The students perform badly in the exam. 学生们在这次考试中表现得不好。 badly 是形容词bad的副词形式，通常用来修饰动词。 I study maths badly. 我数学学得不好。 小练笔 单项选择题。 ( )1.He did his work ______. His teacher was happy with him. A. good B. well C. badly ( )2.He was ______ at English. He did ______ in it. A. good; good B. good; well C. well; good ( )3.You shouldn't do ______ things at school. A. good B. well C. bad ( )4.He is a ______ player and he plays football ______. A. good; well B. good; good C. well; good ( )5.The man sings ______. Nobody is listening to him. A. bad B. well C. badly 点拨 1. 答案：B 解析：此处修饰动词“did（做）”，需用副词；“well”是副词，表“好地”，符合“他工作做得好，老师很满意”的语境；“good”是形容词，不能修饰动词；“badly”（糟糕地）与“老师满意”矛盾，所以选B。 2. 答案：B 解析：第一空“be good at”是固定搭配（表“擅长……”），需用形容词“good”；第二空修饰动词“did”，需用副词“well”（“do well in”表“在……做得好”），所以选 B。 3. 答案：C 解析：此处修饰名词“things”，需用形容词；“shouldn't do（不应该做）”对应“坏的事情”，“bad”是形容词（表“坏的”）；“good”（好的）与“不应该做”矛盾，“well”是副词，不能修饰名词，所以选C。 4. 答案：A 解析：第一空修饰名词“player（运动员）”，需用形容词“good”；第二空修饰动词“plays（踢）”，需用副词“well”，所以选A。 5. 答案：C 解析：此处修饰动词“sings（唱歌）”，需用副词；“Nobody is listening（没人听）”说明唱得不好，“badly”是副词（表“糟糕地”）；“bad”是形容词，“well”（好地）与语境矛盾，所以选C。 高频易错点06 It’s your turn now.（P17） “It's one's turn” 意为 “轮到某人；该某人了” It’s my turn. 轮到我了。 易错点提示 注意：It’s one’s turn 中的one's 是用形容词性物主代词（my/your/his/her 等 ）或名词所有格（Tom's 等 ）。 It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事了 It's his turn to do the dishes. 轮到他洗碗了。 小练笔 单项选择和用单词的正确形式填空。 ( )1.—Whose turn is it now? —______ turn. Let me have a try. A. Its B. My C. Me D. Mine ( )2.Look! ______ turn to clean the classroom. A. It’s Lily’s B. It’s Lily C. Lily’s D. Lily ( )3.—What should we do next? —______ turn ______ the homework. A. It’s; to check B. It’s; checking C. Its; to check D. Its; checking 4.After Tom, it’s ______ (she) turn to sing a song. 5.Remember, it’s always ______ (you) turn ______ (help) others. 点拨 1.答案：B。“It's one's turn” 中 one's 用形容词性物主代词，“my” 符合，选 B 。 2.答案：A。“It's one's turn” 结构，one's 用名词所有格 “Lily’s” ，选 A 。 3.答案：A。“It's one's turn to do sth.” ，第一空用 “It’s” ，第二空用 “to check” ，选 A 。 4.答案：her。“one's” 用形容词性物主代词 “her” ，填 her 。 5.答案：your 、to help。第一空 “one's” 用形容词性物主代词 “your” ；第二空 “to do sth.” 用 “to help” ，依次填 your 、to help 。 综合训练 一、辨音题，判断划线部分发音，相同写S，不同写D。 ( ) 1. blackboard blow ( ) 2. blind ball ( ) 3. block leg ( ) 4. blouse blackboard ( ) 5. blood bag ( ) 6. blank blue 二、词汇变形。 1. care (形容词) ________ 2. good (副词) ________ 3. show (三单) ________ 4. many (同义词组) ________ 5. habit (复数) ________ 6. finish (三单) ________ 7. early (反义词) ________ 8. sleep (现在分词) ________ 三、选词/词形填空。 1. Liu Tao is a ________ student. He does ________ at school. (good / well) 2. You should be ________ when you cross the road. Drive ________. (careful / carefully) 3. There isn’t ________ milk in the fridge, but there are ________ apples. (much / many) 4. I have ________ storybooks. I read them every night. (a lot of / much) 5. Mike ________ us his new toys every weekend. (show) 6. It’s ________ (she) turn to clean the classroom. 7. He ________ his homework before dinner every day. (finish) 8. How ________ juice do you want? How ________ oranges do you have? (much / many) 四、单项选择。 ( ) 1. My sister ________ her homework early every evening. A. finish B. finishes C. finishing ( ) 2. —Does he do well ________ PE? —Yes, he’s good ________ running. A. in; at B. at; in C. in; in ( ) 3. There ________ a lot of water in the bottle. A. are B. is C. have ( ) 4. You should listen ________ in class. A. careful B. carefully C. good ( ) 5. It’s ________ turn to sweep the floor. A. he B. him C. his ( ) 6. He ________ goes to bed late. He always goes to bed early. A. never B. often C. usually ( ) 7. My mother often ________ me around the park after dinner. A. show B. shows C. showing ( ) 8. —How ________ books do you have? —Fifty. A. much B. many C. lot ( ) 9. The boy is ________, he does everything ________. A. careful; carefully B. carefully; careful C. careful; careful ( ) 10. ________ you have a lot of good habits? A. Do B. Does C. Are ( ) 11. He is a ________ runner. He runs ________. A. well; good B. good; well C. good; good ( ) 12. There aren’t ________ sweets on the table. A. much B. many C. a lot ( ) 13. —Whose turn ________ it? —It’s Nancy’s. A. is B. are C. do ( ) 14. Mike ________ his room clean every day. A. keep B. keeps C. keeping ( ) 15. Listen to the teacher ________. Don’t talk loudly. A. well B. carefully C. careful 五、句型转换。 1. Wang Bing finishes his homework before dinner.（改为一般疑问句） ________ Wang Bing ________ his homework before dinner? 2. He does well in playing football.（同义句转换） He ________ ________ ________ playing football. 3. It’s my turn to sing a song.（对划线提问） ________ turn ________ it to sing a song? 4. There is much rice in the bowl.（改为否定句） There ________ ________ rice in the bowl. 5. She often walks slowly.（用carefully改写同义句） She often walks ________ ________. 6. Mike shows us his new bike every day.（改为否定句） Mike ________ ________ us his new bike every day. 六、翻译句子。 1. 刘涛有很多好习惯。 ________________________________________________ 2. 他在课堂上认真听老师讲课。 ________________________________________________ 3. 轮到我打扫教室了。 ________________________________________________ 4. 我的妹妹擅长画画。 ________________________________________________ 5. 冰箱里没有多少牛奶。 ________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、辨音题，判断划线部分发音，相同写S，不同写D。 答案汇总：1.S 2.D 3.D 4.S 5.D 6.S 1. blackboard /ˈblækbɔːd/ ；blow /bləʊ/ → 划线都是bl /bl/ S 2. blind /blaɪnd/（bl）；ball /bɔːl/（仅字母b）→ D 3. block /blɒk/（bl）；leg /leɡ/（仅字母l）→ D 4. blouse /blaʊz/ ；blackboard /ˈblækbɔːd/ → 都是bl /bl/ S 5. blood /blʌd/（bl）；bag /bæɡ/（仅字母b）→ D 6. blank /blæŋk/ ；blue /bluː/ → 都是bl /bl/ S 二、词汇变形。 1. careful （care动词/名词，形容词加ful） 2. well （good形容词，副词特殊变形well） 3. shows （show三单直接加s） 4. a lot of / lots of （many、much通用同义词组） 5. habits （habit辅音结尾，复数加s） 6. finishes （sh结尾，三单加es） 7. late （early早，反义词late晚） 8. sleeping （sleep直接加ing） 三、选词/词形填空。 1. good；well 解析：good形容词修饰名词student；well副词修饰动词does 2. careful；carefully 解析：be动词后用形容词careful；副词carefully修饰动词drive 3. much；many 解析：much+不可数名词milk；many+可数名词复数apples 4. a lot of 解析：storybooks可数复数，much只能修饰不可数名词 5. shows 解析：every weekend一般现在时，主语Mike三单，动词变shows 6. her 解析：It’s one’s turn 固定句型，one’s用形容词性物主代词her 7. finishes 解析：every day一般现在时，主语he三单，sh结尾加es 8. much；many 解析：juice果汁不可数用much；oranges橙子可数复数用many 四、单项选择。 1. B 解析：every evening一般现在时，主语my sister三单，用finishes 2. A 解析：固定搭配 do well in… / be good at… 擅长…… 3. B 解析：water不可数名词，there be遵循就近原则用is 4. B 解析：listen是动词，需要副词carefully修饰；careful形容词只能修饰名词 5. C 解析：It’s one’s turn，用形容词性物主代词his（he的形物代） 6. A 解析：后句“他总是早睡”，说明从不晚睡，never从不；often经常，usually通常 7. B 解析：often一般现在时，mother三单，show变shows 8. B 解析：books可数复数，how many+可数复数；how much+不可数名词 9. A 解析：be动词后接形容词careful；副词carefully修饰动词does 10. A 解析：主语you，一般现在时实义动词have，助动词用Do 11. B 解析：good形容词修饰名词runner；well副词修饰动词runs 12. B 解析：sweets糖果可数复数，many修饰可数复数；much只修饰不可数 13. A 解析：主语turn单数，be动词用is 14. B 解析：every day一般现在时，Mike三单，keep变keeps 15. B 解析：动词listen to需要副词carefully修饰 五、句型转换。 1. Does; finish 解析：主语Wang Bing三单，一般疑问句句首加Does，后面动词还原原形finish 2. is good at 解析：同义转换 do well in = be good at，主语he，be动词用is 3. Whose; is 解析：划线my是形容词性物主代词，提问用whose（谁的）；主语turn单数，be动词is 4. isn’t much 解析：there be否定直接be后加not，is not缩写isn’t，much不变 5. very carefully 解析：slowly缓慢地，carefully认真地，副词very修饰carefully 6. doesn’t show 解析：every day一般现在时，主语Mike三单，否定加doesn’t，动词还原show 六、翻译句子。 1. Liu Tao has a lot of good habits. 解析：主语三单have变has，a lot of许多，good habits好习惯 2. He listens to the teacher carefully in class. 解析：一般现在时he三单listen变listens；carefully副词修饰listen；in class在课堂上 3. It’s my turn to clean the classroom. 解析：固定句型 It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 4. My sister does well in drawing. / My sister is good at drawing. 解析：do well in / be good at 后接动名词doing；主语sister三单do变does 5. There isn’t much milk in the fridge. 解析：milk不可数，there be用is；much修饰不可数名词；in the fridge在冰箱里 第 1 页 共 18 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $