新课6 必修第一册Unit3 Travel （语法+写作预习）（沪外版）（教材预习，上海专用）英语初升高衔接

沪外版必修一Unit3 Travel（语法+写作） 目录 单元语法：九种状语从句复习 写作聚焦：游记类或倡议书信类 学以致用：巩固提升，全面突破 单元语法 状语从句复习 状语从句(adverbial clause)在句中作状语，可修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句可放在句首或句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。根据意义上的不同，状语从句可以表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比较和方式等。 一、时间、地点、比较状语从句 ▇ 一、时间状语从句 时间状语从句常用的引导词 before在……之前 directly一……就…… by the time截至…… after在……之后 since自……以来 till/until直到…… when/while/as当……的时候 each time/every time每次 the moment立刻，马上 once一旦……就… as soon as一……就…… imediately/instantly一……就…… hardly...when...一……就…… no sooner...than...一……就…… whenever/no matter when无论何时 1.before 句型：It is/was (not)+时间+before+从句 It will (not) be+时间+before+从句 It was one year before he finished his work.过了一年他才完成了他的工作。 It was not long before he finished his work.过了不久，他就完成了他的工作。 It will be three weeks before he finishes his work.要过3周，他才能完成他的工作。 It won’t be long before he finishes his work.用不了多久，他就会完成他的工作。 2.by the time by the time的意思是“截至……（时间）”，可以引导时间状语从句。by the time引导的从句若是一般现在时，主句要用将来完成时；若是一般过去时，主句则要用过去完成时。 By the time you receive this letter,I will have left this city for my hometown. 你收到这封信时，我将已经离开这座城市回家乡了。 She had finished cleaning by the time I arrived.在我到达之前，她就已打扫完卫生了。 3.once once作连词引导时间状语从句时，意思是“一旦……就……”。 Once you understand the rules of the game,you’ll enjoy it. 一旦你了解了这个游戏的规则，你就会喜欢它。 Once (it is) found,any mistake must be corrected.一旦发现任何错误就必须加以改正。 4.as soon as和no sooner...than等 as soon as，no sooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when/before，immediately，directly等连词及连词短语的意思都是“一……就……”。当主句是一般将来时，as soon as引导的从句要用一般现在时。no sooner...than，hardly...when/before，scarcely...when/before等引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句往往和过去完成时连用；为了加强语气，主句还可以用倒装语序。 He will be set free as soon as the fine is paid.只要交了罚款，他就会被释放。 The fans cried as soon as they saw the movie star.追星族们一看见这位影星就喊了起来。 As soon as I got home,it began to rain.我刚一到家，就下起雨来了。 Immediately she had gone,I remembered her name.她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。 =The fans had no soone seen the movie star than they cried. =The fans had hardly seen the movie star when they cried. =The fans had scarcely seen the movie star when they cried. =No sooner had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Hardly had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Scarcely had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. 重要：“一……就……”还可以用the moment表示，这句话还可以转换为： The moment I got home,it began to rain. =I had no sooner got home han it began to rain. =I had hardly got home when/before it began to rain. =I had scarcely got home hen/before it began to rain. =No sooner had I got home han it began to rain. =Hardly had I got home hen/before it began to rain. =Scarcely had I got home when/before it began to rain. 补充：“on+名词/doing”结构也相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。 Please report to reception o`到达后请立即到接待处报到。 On arriving home,he discovered they had gone.他一到家就发现他们已经走了。 5.whenever和no matter when等 whenever相当于no matter when，意思是“无论什么时候”；every time/each time的意思是“每次”。 Whenever I visited him,he was not at home.我无论何时拜访他，他都不在家。 =No matter when I visited him,he was not at home. Whenever I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home.每次到天津我都要去拜访我的老师。 =No matter when I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home. =I call at my teacher’s home each time I come up to Tianjin. Whenever I see this picture,I think of my hometown. 无论什么时候我看到这幅图片，我都会想起我的家乡。 =No matter when I see this picture,I think of my hometown. =Each/Every time I see this picture,I think of my hometown. ▇ 二、 地点状语从句 地点状语从句一般由where，wherever（相当于no matter where）引导。（前面没有相关标示地点的名词，如place） 1.where where作连词引导地点状语从句时，意思是“在/向……的地方”。 You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。 We must camp where we can get water.我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。 Where they went, they were warmly welcomed.他们走到哪里都受到热烈的欢迎。 2.wherever wherever相当于no matter where，意思是“无论到哪里，无论在哪里”。wherever引导的地点状语从句多位于句首。 Wherever he goes,he always takes a notebook with him.无论走到哪里，他总是带着一个笔记本。 Wherever he may be,he will be happy.无论在什么地方，他都会快乐的。 =No matter where he may be,he will be happy. ▇ 三、 比较状语从句 比较状语从句常由 as…as（和…… 一样）、not as/so…as（与…… 不一样）、than（比）、the more…, the more…（越…… 越……）引导，有原级、比较级、最高级不同表达形式，如原级用 as...as，not so/as...as；比较级用 more...than；最高级用 the most...in/of... 。 原级 比较级 最高级 as...as，not so/as...as more...than the most...in/of... 几种常见情况及示例 1.more...than和the more...of... 句型：more...than ……比……更…… the more...of...（两者之中）比较……的 This film is more moving than that one.这部电影比那部电影感人。 This film is the more moving of the two films.这部电影是这两部电影中比较感人的。 This film is the most moving of the three.这部电影是这3部电影中最感人的。 2.“no+比较级+than”和“not+比较级+than” 句型：no+形容词/副词比较级+than（与……一样不）对两者的否定，用于两者比较。 句型：not+形容词/副词比较级+than（不像/不如……一样）表示程度上的差异，是普通的比较级结构。 She is no more diligent than her sisters. =Neither she nor her sisters are diligent.她们姐妹几个都不勤奋。 She is not more diligent than her sisters. =She is not as diligent as her sisters.她不如她的几个姐妹勤奋。 3.表示倍数的常用句型 句型：A+基数词+times as+形容词/副词原级+as+B A是B的几倍 This room is three times as large as that one.这间屋子是那间屋子的3倍大。 This red box is half as large as the blue one.这个红色盒子是那个蓝色盒子的一半大。 句型：A+基数词+times+名词/代词+of+B A是B的几倍 The age of my grandpa is four times the age of mine. =The age of my grandpa is four times that of mine. =My grandpa is four times as old as I.我爷爷的年龄是我的4倍。 句型：A+基数词+times+比较级+than+B A比B大（小，长……）几倍 This hole is five times deeper than that one.这个洞比那个洞深5倍。 =This hole is six times as deep as that one. =This hole is six times the depth of that one.这个洞是那个洞的6倍深。 小试牛刀： 1．Friends, which ran for ten seasons from 1994 to 2004, has not become any less popular it went off the air. 2．Tim got emotional during his event in New York City Tuesday night recalling his recent conversation with dad. 3．The little boy wouldn’t leave the shop he bought what he wanted. 4． my siblings and I were growing up, I always sensed something was missing in my life, something fundamental to my very identity, to who I was and where I came from. 5．However, the most amazing thing happened. the reality of the crisis sank in, it brought out the best in us. 二、原因、条件、方式状语从句 ▇一、原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because（因为）, as（由于，因为）, since, now that, when（既然）, considering that（考虑到）, seeing that（由于，鉴于）, in that（因为）等。 原因状语从句常用的引导词 because因为 since既然 now that既然 as由于 seeing (that)由于，因为，鉴于 considering (that)考虑到，鉴于 1.because because的意思是“因为”，表示直接原因，语气最重，常用来回答why（为什么）引导的特殊疑问句。 A:Why were you late for school this morning?你今天早晨上学为什么迟到了？ B:Because I got up late.因为我起床晚了。 I want to do it myself because I like it.我想亲自做这件事，因为我喜欢它。 （正）He is disappointed because he failed again.因为他又失败了，所以他感到失望。 （误）So he is disappointed because he failed again. 切记：尽管在汉语中“因为……，所以……”常一起使用，但在英语中because不能和so连用。 The museum won’t be open this week because it is under repairs. 博物馆本周不开放，因为他正在修缮中。 2.since since的意思是“既然”，表示对方已知道的事实和理由，语气比because弱。 Since you’re not interested,I won’t tell you about.既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。 Since no one is against it,we’ll pass it.既然没人反对，那我们就通过了。 Since you can’t answer the question,I’ll ask someone else. 既然你回答不出这个问题，那我就问别人了。 3.as as的意思是“由于”，表示较为明显的原因，语气较弱。 As it is snowing,you’d better take a taxi.下雪了，你最好乘出租车。 As you request it,I will come.由于你的要求，所以我会来。（语气较缓和） =I’ll come because you request it.（语气很强） As she had no car,she stayed at home.她因为没车而留在家里。（语气较缓和） =She stayed at home because she had no car.（语气很强） 比较：because，since，as和for的区别 都可译为“因为”，但在语气上，because最重，其次是since，as，for。 because，since，as都是从属连词。而for是一个并列连词，用来附带解释说明前一分句的原因或理由，for引导的并列句，一般放在所要说明的句子的后面。 because引导的原因状语从句一般放主句后面，也可放主句前面；since和as引导的从句则通常位于句首；for不能位于句首，只能置于句中，且前面要用逗号与前一分句分开。 I went to see him,for I had something to tell him.我去见他，因为我有事要告诉他。 4.now what，seeing that和considering that now that的意思是“既然”，seeing that的意思是“由于，因为，鉴于”，considering that的意思是“考虑到，鉴于”。 Now that they have taken matters into their hands,the pace of events has quickened. 他们既然已着手自己来处理问题，事态的进展也就加快了。 Now tha you are a man,you must not do such a thing.既然你是个男子汉，就不要做这样的事了。 Now that you are well,you can work.既然你已经好了，你可以工作了。 Seeing that he’s been off sick all week,he is unlikely to come today. 由于他请病假整整一周了，所以今天不太可能来。 She knows quite a lot about it,onsidering (that) she is very young. 鉴于她年龄小，她懂得的已经很多了。 ▇二、条件状语从句 条件状语从句引导词：if（注意主将从现）, unless=if not, providing/provided that=if, as (so) long as, on condition that, suppose/supposing that, in case, 条件状语从句可以位于主句前面或后面。 条件状语从句常用的引导词 in case万一 unless除非 as/so long as只要 if如果 provided (that)如果 providing (that)如果 suppose (that)如果 supposing (that)如果 on condition (that)如果 1.if和unless if的意思是“如果”。unless的意思则是“除非……；如果不……”，相当于if...not...，有时二者可以换用。 If you have any questions or comments,you can voice them now. 你们如果有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。 If you don’t eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 如果你不吃肉，那这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 =Unless you eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 除非你吃肉，否则这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 2.in case in case的意思是“万一，以防”，常用来引导条件状语从句。 Take a coat in case the weather turns old.带上一件外衣吧，以防天气转冷了。 Take a taxi in case you are late for the meeting.坐出租车去，免得开会迟到。 3.as long as和so long as as long as和so long as的意思都是“只要”。 I’m sure we are safe as long as (we are) in his care.我深信只要在他的保护下，我们就会平安无事。 As/So long as we don’t lose heart,we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.只要我们不灰心，我们就能找到克服困难的办法。 You can go to see the film as/so long as you arrive at the cinema on time.你可以去看这场电影，只要你能按时到达电影院。 ▇三、方式状语从句 方式状语从句一般由as（正如；按照）, as if/as though（好像）, the way等引导。 1.as 和just as引导方式状语从句 这两个连词的意思是“如…，犹如…，正如…”（in the same manner that）。just as 比as的强调性更强。 You must do everything as I do.你们要照我这样去做。 Just as the water is the most important of liquids, air is the most important gases. 正如水是液体中最重要的一种一样，空气是气体中最重要的一种。 2.as if 和as though引导方式状语从句 as if 和as though意为“好像、仿佛”可以用虚拟语气表示不符合事实或与事实相反的情况；也可以用陈述语气表示符合事实的情况。 He walked slowly as if he had hurt his leg. 他走得很慢，好像腿受了伤。 She speaks English as if she were a native speaker.她讲英语俨然像专家。 注意：在It looks as if...,It seems as if...句型中常用陈述语气。 It looks as if it is going to rain.天看上去好像要下雨。 3.the way引导方式状语从句 the way它的作用相当于the manner，后面的引导词常用that引导方式状语，而且经常省略。此时，一般不用in which引导。 We didn't like the way that he treated us. 我不喜欢他对待我们的方式。 小试牛刀： 1．The absence of air also explains why the stars do not seem to twinkle in space they do from the earth. 2．Everything in my childhood crowded upon my mind they had just happened. 3．They are faced with the same kinds of challenges and problems in life you are. 4．I’d be grateful you could take care of my baby. 5． an earthquake happens, the sensors can send electrical pulses to the control center and then ordinary people’s smartphones. 三、让步、结果、目的状语从句 ▇一、让步状语从句 让步状语从句由though，although，as，even if (though)，however，whatever，whoever，whenever，no matter +wh词，等引导。 让步状语从句常用的引导词 though/although虽然 no matter+疑问词（who/what/when/which/where/how）无论 even if/even though即使 whoever/whatever/whenever/whichever/wherever/however无论 1.even if, even though, although，though引导的让步状语从句 这四个词（词组）都有“虽然、即使、尽管”的意思。even if和even though带有较强的意味，语气比although和though强。though比although通俗，但不如although正式,都不能和but连用，但可以和yet, still或nevertheless连用。可以放在主句前面也可以放在主句后面。even if，even though所接的句子常用虚拟语气。 Although journalism seems like a good profession, I would prefer to be a teacher. 虽然新闻业好像是一个很好的职业，但是我更喜欢当老师。 Although he is considered a great writer, his works are not widely read. 虽然有人认为他是一个大作家，但是他的作品读得并不广泛。 We won’t give up even if we should fail ten times. 即使是我们失败十次，我们也不会放弃。 He might have given you more help, even though he was very busy. 尽管他很忙，他可能给了你更多的帮助。 2.as或though引导让步状语从句（高二讲解部分倒装时会更好地掌握） 形容词 + as/though+ 主语+谓语 副词 动词 名词 (1).由as或though引导让步状语从句用倒装语序 Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John. 我虽然取得地方多，但是我从来没见过像约翰这么能干的人。 (2).如果表语为单数可数名词，这个名词不带冠词 12-year-old girl as she is, she has had a good command of English.她虽然只是个12岁的女孩，但是她已经熟知英语。 Child as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他还是个孩子，却懂的很多。 (3).如果句中谓语包含情态动词或助动词，则将实意动词放在as之前 Try as I might, I couldn't lift the stone.我使多大劲儿也搬不动这块石头。 Praised as he was, he remained modest.他虽然受到表扬，但仍然保持着谦虚。 (4).如果句中谓语仅有实意动词，则将实意动词（原形）放在as之前，并在主语后面加助动词do, does, did或will。 Torture her as they did, the enemy got nothing out of her.虽然敌人拷打她，却没有能从她嘴里得到什么。 Fail as he did, he would never give up.尽管他失败了，但他决不会放弃。 注意：如果在这种情况下，句中谓语有副词修饰，则将副词放在as之前。 Again and again as he failed, he didn't lose heart.他虽然多次失败，但仍不灰心丧气。 Much as I admire his courage, I don't think he acted wisely. 我虽然佩服他的勇气，但是我认为他这样做是不明智的。 总结：倒装是把表语提前；没有表语时，将状语提前；没有状语时，将部分谓语提前 3.由no matter+ wh词和由疑问词+ever引导让步状语从句 由no matter引导，表示“不管；无论”；由疑问词＋ever引导，表示“不管，不论”。这类词有：whatever，whichever，whoever，however， whenever，wherever等,他们相当于no matter+ what（which，who，how，when， where），都不能与but，so，and等并列连词同时使用。 We’ll have to finish the job, however(no matter how) long it takes. No matter what(Whatever) you do, don't tell him that I told you this. No matter how pure the water looks, I prefer not to drink it. No matter where (Wherever) you go, I would keep you company. 4.由whether...or...引导让步状语从句 由whether...or...引导让步状语从句表示“不论……还是”，提供两种对比的情况。 I shall go, whether you come with me or stay at home. 不论你和我一起来还是留在家中，我都要前往。 ▇二、结果状语从句 1.so…that..., such…that...引导结果状语从句 So difficult did I feel it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well. The film was so wonderful that we wanted to see it again. He spoke for such a long time that people began to fall asleep. 2.so…that...与such…that...的区别 这两种结构都可引导结果状语从句。so是副词，后接形容词或副词；such是形容词，后接名词。 (1).单数名词 在so...that与such...that中间出现的是单数名词，且该名词前有形容词修饰时，这两种结构可互换，但要注意它们的词序不同:such+ a/an+形容词十名词=so+形容词+a/an+名词。 She is such a good teacher that all of us love her.= She is so good a teacher that all of us love her.她是一位很好的老师，我们都敬爱她。 (2).不可数名词或复数可数名词 如果被修饰的是不可数名词或复数可数名词时，一般须用such...that。 He made such rapid progress that before long he began to write articles in English.他进步很快，不久就开始用英语写文章。(不可数名词) They are such interesting books that we all want to read them.这些书是那么有趣以致我们都想读一读。(复数可数名词) (3).名词前有many, much, little, few修饰时 如果不可数名词或复数可数名词前有many，much，little，few修饰时，则用so…that。 I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all over.我摔了好多次跤，周身青一块紫一块的。 George had so little money that he had to get a job.乔治没有钱，所以他不得不找工作干。 They are such little children that they can’t do anything.他们是小孩，什么事情都干不了。 ▇三、目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的从属连词有 so that, in order that, in case, for fear that等。 1.so that, in order that引导的目的状语从句 从句中的谓语动词前常有情态动词may、might、can、could、will, would等。 John shut everybody out of the kitchen so that he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. 约翰把其他人关在厨房外，目的是能够为晚会烹饪出人意料的东西。 These men risk their lives in order that we may live more safely. 这些人甘冒生命危险，是为了让我们活得更安全些。 2.lest, for fear that和in case引导目的状语从句 这三个连词词组的意思是“以防，以免”。lest的从句一般要用虚拟语气，形式是“should+动词原形”或省掉should。for fear that和in case从句一般用虚拟语气，但有时也可以用陈述语气。 I obeyed her lest she should be angry. 我得顺着她，免得她生气。 Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 倘若太阳很利害，你就把帽子戴上。 小试牛刀： 1．No matter we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones with all sorts of communication software. (用适当的词填空) 2．Jane is determined to live a fulfilling life no matter the future holds. (用适当的词填空) 3．I don’t think I can afford them I like the color. (用适当的词填空) 4．Weak I am in English for the moment, I am confident that I can catch up. (用适当的词填空) 6． technology is used to help us, we should not allow it to take over our lives. (用适当的词填空) 写作聚焦 一、写作任务聚焦： 1. **游记类说明文** - 任务描述：描述旅行见闻并分析文化符号（如长城体现集体精神），需运用空间描写顺序（方位介词、景观特征词）。 2. **倡议书信** - 任务示例：向旅游局提议可持续旅游措施（如减少商业化、保护当地文化），需结合伦理意识与社会责任。 3. **跨文化日记** - 实践任务：记录接待外国访问团的经历（如书法体验活动），强调过程描述与感受反思。 二、典例剖析 假定你是李华，你参加了学校组织的生态游(eco-travel)，于是给美国笔友John写邮件分享此次特别的旅行。内容包括： 1.旅行时间； 2.旅途见闻； 3.旅行感悟。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学以致用 一、语法单句填空 （状语从句复习） 1．She warned her parents of the danger, at first they just thought she was joking. (用适当的词填空) 2．So he thought, and he felt himself going he started; I will try it once again. (用适当的词填空) 3．If not treated, the disease can damage the lungs to such an extent a person can not breathe properly. (用适当的词填空） 4．He always parks his car he can see it from the window, just to make sure it’s safe. (用适当的词填空) 5． you warm up properly before running, you might injure your muscles or joints. (用适当的词填空) 6． we can reduce the use of plastic products, the living environment of sea animals will be greatly improved. (用适当的词填空) 7．The meeting was put off several key members had unexpected scheduling conflicts. (用适当的词填空) 8．Now we are all part of the global village, everyone becomes a neighbour. (用适当的词填空) 9．Mark needs to learn Chinese his company is opening a branch in Beijing. (用适当的词填空) 10．Introducing you to areas such as biology, urban farming, and environmental science that you can explore the field of agriculture. (用适当的词填空) 11．Smart apartments will include voice-activated controls and automatic fall-detection sensors residents with limited mobility need emergency assistance. (用适当的词填空) 12．I’ll find a way to improve on my own so I can make the team the next year. (用适当的词填空) 13．There are birds which kick their young out at an early stage they can produce new chicks. (用适当的词填空) 14．They are little children that they can not understand what you say sometimes. （用适当的词填空） 15．The Great Wall is well-­known a tourist attraction that millions of people visit it every year. （用适当的词填空） 二、完成句子 1． , I fell asleep. 我闭上眼睛就睡着了。 2． ,_the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study. 说到教育，大部分人认为教育是终生的学习。 3．Jim answered the phone . 吉米一边走一边回电话。 4． , the manager came out. 正当我们疑惑该做什么的时候，经理走了出来。 5． they went, they were warmly welcomed. 他们走到哪里都受到热烈的欢迎。 6． (既然) everyone is here, let's begin the meeting. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 7． (既然) we are all part of the global village, everyone becomes a neighbour. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 8． (尽管下大雨), the football match continued as scheduled. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 9．Sometimes we are we forget to find the beauty in life. 有时, 我们如此繁忙以至于忘记去发现生活中的美。 10．Tom对理科感兴趣，而他弟弟更喜欢艺术。(while) Tom is interested in science, . 三、写作训练 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“Let’s Promote Ecotourism”为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括： 1. 当前趋势； 2. 你的观点； 3. 你的倡议。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 沪外版必修一Unit3 Travel（语法+写作） 目录 单元语法：九种状语从句复习 写作聚焦：游记类或倡议书信类 学以致用：巩固提升，全面突破 单元语法 状语从句复习 状语从句(adverbial clause)在句中作状语，可修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句可放在句首或句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。根据意义上的不同，状语从句可以表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、比较和方式等。 一、时间、地点、比较状语从句 ▇ 一、时间状语从句 时间状语从句常用的引导词 before在……之前 directly一……就…… by the time截至…… after在……之后 since自……以来 till/until直到…… when/while/as当……的时候 each time/every time每次 the moment立刻，马上 once一旦……就… as soon as一……就…… imediately/instantly一……就…… hardly...when...一……就…… no sooner...than...一……就…… whenever/no matter when无论何时 1.before 句型：It is/was (not)+时间+before+从句 It will (not) be+时间+before+从句 It was one year before he finished his work.过了一年他才完成了他的工作。 It was not long before he finished his work.过了不久，他就完成了他的工作。 It will be three weeks before he finishes his work.要过3周，他才能完成他的工作。 It won’t be long before he finishes his work.用不了多久，他就会完成他的工作。 2.by the time by the time的意思是“截至……（时间）”，可以引导时间状语从句。by the time引导的从句若是一般现在时，主句要用将来完成时；若是一般过去时，主句则要用过去完成时。 By the time you receive this letter,I will have left this city for my hometown. 你收到这封信时，我将已经离开这座城市回家乡了。 She had finished cleaning by the time I arrived.在我到达之前，她就已打扫完卫生了。 3.once once作连词引导时间状语从句时，意思是“一旦……就……”。 Once you understand the rules of the game,you’ll enjoy it. 一旦你了解了这个游戏的规则，你就会喜欢它。 Once (it is) found,any mistake must be corrected.一旦发现任何错误就必须加以改正。 4.as soon as和no sooner...than等 as soon as，no sooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when/before，immediately，directly等连词及连词短语的意思都是“一……就……”。当主句是一般将来时，as soon as引导的从句要用一般现在时。no sooner...than，hardly...when/before，scarcely...when/before等引导的从句常用一般过去时，主句往往和过去完成时连用；为了加强语气，主句还可以用倒装语序。 He will be set free as soon as the fine is paid.只要交了罚款，他就会被释放。 The fans cried as soon as they saw the movie star.追星族们一看见这位影星就喊了起来。 As soon as I got home,it began to rain.我刚一到家，就下起雨来了。 Immediately she had gone,I remembered her name.她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。 =The fans had no sooner seen the movie star than they cried. =The fans had hardly seen the movie star when they cried. =The fans had scarcely seen the movie star when they cried. =No sooner had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Hardly had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. =Scarcely had the fans seen the movie star when they cried. 重要：“一……就……”还可以用the moment表示，这句话还可以转换为： The moment I got home,it began to rain. =I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. =I had hardly got home when/before it began to rain. =I had scarcely got home when/before it began to rain. =No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. =Hardly had I got home when/before it began to rain. =Scarcely had I got home when/before it began to rain. 补充：“on+名词/doing”结构也相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。 Please report to reception o`到达后请立即到接待处报到。 On arriving home,he discovered they had gone.他一到家就发现他们已经走了。 5.whenever和no matter when等 whenever相当于no matter when，意思是“无论什么时候”；every time/each time的意思是“每次”。 Whenever I visited him,he was not at home.我无论何时拜访他，他都不在家。 =No matter when I visited him,he was not at home. Whenever I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home.每次到天津我都要去拜访我的老师。 =No matter when I come up to Tianjin,I call at my teacher’s home. =I call at my teacher’s home each time I come up to Tianjin. Whenever I see this picture,I think of my hometown. 无论什么时候我看到这幅图片，我都会想起我的家乡。 =No matter when I see this picture,I think of my hometown. =Each/Every time I see this picture,I think of my hometown. ▇ 二、 地点状语从句 地点状语从句一般由where，wherever（相当于no matter where）引导。（前面没有相关标示地点的名词，如place） 1.where where作连词引导地点状语从句时，意思是“在/向……的地方”。 You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。 We must camp where we can get water.我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。 Where they went, they were warmly welcomed.他们走到哪里都受到热烈的欢迎。 2.wherever wherever相当于no matter where，意思是“无论到哪里，无论在哪里”。wherever引导的地点状语从句多位于句首。 Wherever he goes,he always takes a notebook with him.无论走到哪里，他总是带着一个笔记本。 Wherever he may be,he will be happy.无论在什么地方，他都会快乐的。 =No matter where he may be,he will be happy. ▇ 三、 比较状语从句 比较状语从句常由 as…as（和…… 一样）、not as/so…as（与…… 不一样）、than（比）、the more…, the more…（越…… 越……）引导，有原级、比较级、最高级不同表达形式，如原级用 as...as，not so/as...as；比较级用 more...than；最高级用 the most...in/of... 。 原级 比较级 最高级 as...as，not so/as...as more...than the most...in/of... 几种常见情况及示例 1.more...than和the more...of... 句型：more...than ……比……更…… the more...of...（两者之中）比较……的 This film is more moving than that one.这部电影比那部电影感人。 This film is the more moving of the two films.这部电影是这两部电影中比较感人的。 This film is the most moving of the three.这部电影是这3部电影中最感人的。 2.“no+比较级+than”和“not+比较级+than” 句型：no+形容词/副词比较级+than（与……一样不）对两者的否定，用于两者比较。 句型：not+形容词/副词比较级+than（不像/不如……一样）表示程度上的差异，是普通的比较级结构。 She is no more diligent than her sisters. =Neither she nor her sisters are diligent.她们姐妹几个都不勤奋。 She is not more diligent than her sisters. =She is not as diligent as her sisters.她不如她的几个姐妹勤奋。 3.表示倍数的常用句型 句型：A+基数词+times as+形容词/副词原级+as+B A是B的几倍 This room is three times as large as that one.这间屋子是那间屋子的3倍大。 This red box is half as large as the blue one.这个红色盒子是那个蓝色盒子的一半大。 句型：A+基数词+times+名词/代词+of+B A是B的几倍 The age of my grandpa is four times the age of mine. =The age of my grandpa is four times that of mine. =My grandpa is four times as old as I.我爷爷的年龄是我的4倍。 句型：A+基数词+times+比较级+than+B A比B大（小，长……）几倍 This hole is five times deeper than that one.这个洞比那个洞深5倍。 =This hole is six times as deep as that one. =This hole is six times the depth of that one.这个洞是那个洞的6倍深。 小试牛刀： 1．Friends, which ran for ten seasons from 1994 to 2004, has not become any less popular it went off the air. 【答案】after 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：《老友记》从1994年到2004年一共播出了十季，停播后人气丝毫未减。分析句子结构可知，本空引导时间状语从句，结合语境可知，用连词after“在……以后”引导。故填after。 2．Tim got emotional during his event in New York City Tuesday night recalling his recent conversation with dad. 【答案】when 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：周二晚上，Tim在纽约市的活动中回忆起他最近与父亲的谈话时情绪激动。结合句意可知，此处指“当他在回忆起他最近与父亲的谈话时”，用when引导时间状语从句，当时间状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，且有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语及be动词，完整从句为when he was recalling his recent conversation with dad.故填when。 3．The little boy wouldn’t leave the shop he bought what he wanted. 【答案】until 【详解】考查连词。句意：这个小男孩直到买了他想要的东西才离开商店。not…until…“直到……才……”是固定句型，符合句意，故用until引导时间状语从句。故填until。 4． my siblings and I were growing up, I always sensed something was missing in my life, something fundamental to my very identity, to who I was and where I came from. 【答案】While/When/As 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：在我的兄弟姐妹和我在成长的过程中，我总是感觉到我的生活中缺少了一些东西，一些关于我身份的基本东西，我是谁，我来自哪里。分析可知，设空处引导的时间状语从句，可以用While/When/As连接，故填While/When/As。 5．However, the most amazing thing happened. the reality of the crisis sank in, it brought out the best in us. 【答案】As/When 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：然而，最令人惊奇的事情发生了。随着危机的现实逐渐深入人心，它激发了我们最好的一面。根据句意可知，空处引导时间状语从句，表示“随着……/当……”，应用连词as/when引导从句，置于句首，首字母大写。故填As/When。 二、原因、条件、方式状语从句 ▇一、原因状语从句 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because（因为）, as（由于，因为）, since, now that, when（既然）, considering that（考虑到）, seeing that（由于，鉴于）, in that（因为）等。 原因状语从句常用的引导词 because因为 since既然 now that既然 as由于 seeing (that)由于，因为，鉴于 considering (that)考虑到，鉴于 1.because because的意思是“因为”，表示直接原因，语气最重，常用来回答why（为什么）引导的特殊疑问句。 A:Why were you late for school this morning?你今天早晨上学为什么迟到了？ B:Because I got up late.因为我起床晚了。 I want to do it myself because I like it.我想亲自做这件事，因为我喜欢它。 （正）He is disappointed because he failed again.因为他又失败了，所以他感到失望。 （误）So he is disappointed because he failed again. 切记：尽管在汉语中“因为……，所以……”常一起使用，但在英语中because不能和so连用。 The museum won’t be open this week because it is under repairs. 博物馆本周不开放，因为他正在修缮中。 2.since since的意思是“既然”，表示对方已知道的事实和理由，语气比because弱。 Since you’re not interested,I won’t tell you about.既然你不感兴趣，那我就不告诉你了。 Since no one is against it,we’ll pass it.既然没人反对，那我们就通过了。 Since you can’t answer the question,I’ll ask someone else. 既然你回答不出这个问题，那我就问别人了。 3.as as的意思是“由于”，表示较为明显的原因，语气较弱。 As it is snowing,you’d better take a taxi.下雪了，你最好乘出租车。 As you request it,I will come.由于你的要求，所以我会来。（语气较缓和） =I’ll come because you request it.（语气很强） As she had no car,she stayed at home.她因为没车而留在家里。（语气较缓和） =She stayed at home because she had no car.（语气很强） 比较：because，since，as和for的区别 都可译为“因为”，但在语气上，because最重，其次是since，as，for。 because，since，as都是从属连词。而for是一个并列连词，用来附带解释说明前一分句的原因或理由，for引导的并列句，一般放在所要说明的句子的后面。 because引导的原因状语从句一般放主句后面，也可放主句前面；since和as引导的从句则通常位于句首；for不能位于句首，只能置于句中，且前面要用逗号与前一分句分开。 I went to see him,for I had something to tell him.我去见他，因为我有事要告诉他。 4.now what，seeing that和considering that now that的意思是“既然”，seeing that的意思是“由于，因为，鉴于”，considering that的意思是“考虑到，鉴于”。 Now that they have taken matters into their hands,the pace of events has quickened. 他们既然已着手自己来处理问题，事态的进展也就加快了。 Now that you are a man,you must not do such a thing.既然你是个男子汉，就不要做这样的事了。 Now that you are well,you can work.既然你已经好了，你可以工作了。 Seeing that he’s been off sick all week,he is unlikely to come today. 由于他请病假整整一周了，所以今天不太可能来。 She knows quite a lot about it,considering (that) she is very young. 鉴于她年龄小，她懂得的已经很多了。 ▇二、条件状语从句 条件状语从句引导词：if（注意主将从现）, unless=if not, providing/provided that=if, as (so) long as, on condition that, suppose/supposing that, in case, 条件状语从句可以位于主句前面或后面。 条件状语从句常用的引导词 in case万一 unless除非 as/so long as只要 if如果 provided (that)如果 providing (that)如果 suppose (that)如果 supposing (that)如果 on condition (that)如果 1.if和unless if的意思是“如果”。unless的意思则是“除非……；如果不……”，相当于if...not...，有时二者可以换用。 If you have any questions or comments,you can voice them now. 你们如果有任何疑问或意见，可以现在提出。 If you don’t eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 如果你不吃肉，那这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 =Unless you eat meat,this tour is not for you as the Inuit live on animals,birds and fish. 除非你吃肉，否则这种旅行就不适合你，因为因纽特人以动物、鸟和鱼为主食。 2.in case in case的意思是“万一，以防”，常用来引导条件状语从句。 Take a coat in case the weather turns old.带上一件外衣吧，以防天气转冷了。 Take a taxi in case you are late for the meeting.坐出租车去，免得开会迟到。 3.as long as和so long as as long as和so long as的意思都是“只要”。 I’m sure we are safe as long as (we are) in his care.我深信只要在他的保护下，我们就会平安无事。 As/So long as we don’t lose heart,we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.只要我们不灰心，我们就能找到克服困难的办法。 You can go to see the film as/so long as you arrive at the cinema on time.你可以去看这场电影，只要你能按时到达电影院。 ▇三、方式状语从句 方式状语从句一般由as（正如；按照）, as if/as though（好像）, the way等引导。 1.as 和just as引导方式状语从句 这两个连词的意思是“如…，犹如…，正如…”（in the same manner that）。just as 比as的强调性更强。 You must do everything as I do.你们要照我这样去做。 Just as the water is the most important of liquids, air is the most important gases. 正如水是液体中最重要的一种一样，空气是气体中最重要的一种。 2.as if 和as though引导方式状语从句 as if 和as though意为“好像、仿佛”可以用虚拟语气表示不符合事实或与事实相反的情况；也可以用陈述语气表示符合事实的情况。 He walked slowly as if he had hurt his leg. 他走得很慢，好像腿受了伤。 She speaks English as if she were a native speaker.她讲英语俨然像专家。 注意：在It looks as if...,It seems as if...句型中常用陈述语气。 It looks as if it is going to rain.天看上去好像要下雨。 3.the way引导方式状语从句 the way它的作用相当于the manner，后面的引导词常用that引导方式状语，而且经常省略。此时，一般不用in which引导。 We didn't like the way that he treated us. 我不喜欢他对待我们的方式。 小试牛刀： 1．The absence of air also explains why the stars do not seem to twinkle in space they do from the earth. 【答案】as 【详解】考查连词。句意：正因为没有空，所以星星在太空中不像地球上看它们时那样闪闪发亮。分析句子可知，空处为连词as，表示“像”，引导方式状语从句。故填as。 2．Everything in my childhood crowded upon my mind they had just happened. 【答案】 as if/though 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：童年的每一件事都涌上我的心头，好像刚刚发生似的。童年的事情不可能是刚刚发生，因此句子是虚拟语气，空格处意为“好像，似乎”，是固定短语as if/as though。故填as，if/though。 3．They are faced with the same kinds of challenges and problems in life you are. 【答案】as 【详解】考查连词。句意：他们在生活中面临着和你一样的挑战和问题。the same… as…意为“与……一样/同样”，as是连词引导的方式状语从句，意为“像，正如”，后接省略句you are。故填as。 4．I’d be grateful you could take care of my baby. 【答案】if 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：如果你能照顾我的孩子，我会很感激的。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的状语从句，结合句意可知，此处表示的是条件，意为“如果”符合句意。故填if。 5． an earthquake happens, the sensors can send electrical pulses to the control center and then ordinary people’s smartphones. 【答案】When/Once/If/After 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：当/如果/一旦/地震发生时（地震发生后），传感器可以向控制中心发送电脉冲，然后发送到普通人的智能手机上。由“the sensors can send electrical pulses to the control center and then ordinary people’s smartphones”可知，句子表示“当/如果/一旦/地震发生时（地震发生后），传感器可以向控制中心发送电脉冲，然后发送到普通人的智能手机上”，空格处意为“当/一旦/如果/在……之后”，需用when/once/if/after，when/after引导时间状语从句，once/if引导条件状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填When/Once/If/After。 三、让步、结果、目的状语从句 ▇一、让步状语从句 让步状语从句由though，although，as，even if (though)，however，whatever，whoever，whenever，no matter +wh词，等引导。 让步状语从句常用的引导词 though/although虽然 no matter+疑问词（who/what/when/which/where/how）无论 even if/even though即使 whoever/whatever/whenever/whichever/wherever/however无论 1.even if, even though, although，though引导的让步状语从句 这四个词（词组）都有“虽然、即使、尽管”的意思。even if和even though带有较强的意味，语气比although和though强。though比although通俗，但不如although正式,都不能和but连用，但可以和yet, still或nevertheless连用。可以放在主句前面也可以放在主句后面。even if，even though所接的句子常用虚拟语气。 Although journalism seems like a good profession, I would prefer to be a teacher. 虽然新闻业好像是一个很好的职业，但是我更喜欢当老师。 Although he is considered a great writer, his works are not widely read. 虽然有人认为他是一个大作家，但是他的作品读得并不广泛。 We won’t give up even if we should fail ten times. 即使是我们失败十次，我们也不会放弃。 He might have given you more help, even though he was very busy. 尽管他很忙，他可能给了你更多的帮助。 2.as或though引导让步状语从句（高二讲解部分倒装时会更好地掌握） 形容词 + as/though+ 主语+谓语 副词 动词 名词 (1).由as或though引导让步状语从句用倒装语序 Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone who's as capable as John. 我虽然取得地方多，但是我从来没见过像约翰这么能干的人。 (2).如果表语为单数可数名词，这个名词不带冠词 12-year-old girl as she is, she has had a good command of English.她虽然只是个12岁的女孩，但是她已经熟知英语。 Child as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他还是个孩子，却懂的很多。 (3).如果句中谓语包含情态动词或助动词，则将实意动词放在as之前 Try as I might, I couldn't lift the stone.我使多大劲儿也搬不动这块石头。 Praised as he was, he remained modest.他虽然受到表扬，但仍然保持着谦虚。 (4).如果句中谓语仅有实意动词，则将实意动词（原形）放在as之前，并在主语后面加助动词do, does, did或will。 Torture her as they did, the enemy got nothing out of her.虽然敌人拷打她，却没有能从她嘴里得到什么。 Fail as he did, he would never give up.尽管他失败了，但他决不会放弃。 注意：如果在这种情况下，句中谓语有副词修饰，则将副词放在as之前。 Again and again as he failed, he didn't lose heart.他虽然多次失败，但仍不灰心丧气。 Much as I admire his courage, I don't think he acted wisely. 我虽然佩服他的勇气，但是我认为他这样做是不明智的。 总结：倒装是把表语提前；没有表语时，将状语提前；没有状语时，将部分谓语提前 3.由no matter+ wh词和由疑问词+ever引导让步状语从句 由no matter引导，表示“不管；无论”；由疑问词＋ever引导，表示“不管，不论”。这类词有：whatever，whichever，whoever，however， whenever，wherever等,他们相当于no matter+ what（which，who，how，when， where），都不能与but，so，and等并列连词同时使用。 We’ll have to finish the job, however(no matter how) long it takes. No matter what(Whatever) you do, don't tell him that I told you this. No matter how pure the water looks, I prefer not to drink it. No matter where (Wherever) you go, I would keep you company. 4.由whether...or...引导让步状语从句 由whether...or...引导让步状语从句表示“不论……还是”，提供两种对比的情况。 I shall go, whether you come with me or stay at home. 不论你和我一起来还是留在家中，我都要前往。 ▇二、结果状语从句 1.so…that..., such…that...引导结果状语从句 So difficult did I feel it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well. The film was so wonderful that we wanted to see it again. He spoke for such a long time that people began to fall asleep. 2.so…that...与such…that...的区别 这两种结构都可引导结果状语从句。so是副词，后接形容词或副词；such是形容词，后接名词。 (1).单数名词 在so...that与such...that中间出现的是单数名词，且该名词前有形容词修饰时，这两种结构可互换，但要注意它们的词序不同:such+ a/an+形容词十名词=so+形容词+a/an+名词。 She is such a good teacher that all of us love her.= She is so good a teacher that all of us love her.她是一位很好的老师，我们都敬爱她。 (2).不可数名词或复数可数名词 如果被修饰的是不可数名词或复数可数名词时，一般须用such...that。 He made such rapid progress that before long he began to write articles in English.他进步很快，不久就开始用英语写文章。(不可数名词) They are such interesting books that we all want to read them.这些书是那么有趣以致我们都想读一读。(复数可数名词) (3).名词前有many, much, little, few修饰时 如果不可数名词或复数可数名词前有many，much，little，few修饰时，则用so…that。 I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all over.我摔了好多次跤，周身青一块紫一块的。 George had so little money that he had to get a job.乔治没有钱，所以他不得不找工作干。 They are such little children that they can’t do anything.他们是小孩，什么事情都干不了。 ▇三、目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的从属连词有 so that, in order that, in case, for fear that等。 1.so that, in order that引导的目的状语从句 从句中的谓语动词前常有情态动词may、might、can、could、will, would等。 John shut everybody out of the kitchen so that he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. 约翰把其他人关在厨房外，目的是能够为晚会烹饪出人意料的东西。 These men risk their lives in order that we may live more safely. 这些人甘冒生命危险，是为了让我们活得更安全些。 2.lest, for fear that和in case引导目的状语从句 这三个连词词组的意思是“以防，以免”。lest的从句一般要用虚拟语气，形式是“should+动词原形”或省掉should。for fear that和in case从句一般用虚拟语气，但有时也可以用陈述语气。 I obeyed her lest she should be angry. 我得顺着她，免得她生气。 Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 倘若太阳很利害，你就把帽子戴上。 小试牛刀： 1．No matter we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones with all sorts of communication software. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论我们在哪里，我们都可以通过各种通信软件与亲人保持联系。结合句意可知，此处指“无论我们在哪里”，使用no matter where引导让步状语从句，故填where。 2．Jane is determined to live a fulfilling life no matter the future holds. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管未来怎样，简都决心过充实的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处引导让步状语从句，从句中缺少宾语，根据句意表达“不管未来怎样”之意，用no matter what引导。故填what。 3．I don’t think I can afford them I like the color. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】although/though 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然我喜欢这种颜色，但我觉得我买不起。根据句意可知，空处应填连词although/though“虽然，尽管”引导让步状语从句。故填although/though。 4．Weak I am in English for the moment, I am confident that I can catch up. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】as/though 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：虽然目前我的英语很差，但我有信心能赶上来。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”且为倒装句，应用as或though。故填as/though。 6． technology is used to help us, we should not allow it to take over our lives. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Though/Although/While 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然技术是用来帮助我们的，但我们不应该让它接管我们的生活。分析句子可知，逗号前后是让步转折关系，所以空格处应该用连词though/although/while引导让步状语从句。故填Though/Although/While。 写作聚焦 一、写作任务聚焦： 1. **游记类说明文** - 任务描述：描述旅行见闻并分析文化符号（如长城体现集体精神），需运用空间描写顺序（方位介词、景观特征词）。 2. **倡议书信** - 任务示例：向旅游局提议可持续旅游措施（如减少商业化、保护当地文化），需结合伦理意识与社会责任。 3. **跨文化日记** - 实践任务：记录接待外国访问团的经历（如书法体验活动），强调过程描述与感受反思。 二、典例剖析 假定你是李华，你参加了学校组织的生态游(eco-travel)，于是给美国笔友John写邮件分享此次特别的旅行。内容包括： 1.旅行时间； 2.旅途见闻； 3.旅行感悟。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear John, I’m writing to share one of my wonderful experiences with you. Last weekend our school went on eco-travel to a lake surrounded by trees in a suburb. All the way we drank in the scenery. The air was fresh, and the lake water was clear. From the travel, I find out the real meaning of eco-travel. It not only helps us come to love nature, but arouses our sense of responsibility. That is, as we enjoy the beauty of nature, we should protect harmony between humans and nature. All in all, eco-travel should be like this: take nothing away but your good memory; leave nothing behind but all green trees and clean water. I have come to love eco-travel and hope I can enjoy eco-travel together with you. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生给美国笔友John写邮件分享学校组织的生态旅行。 【详解】1.词汇积累 帮助：help→assist 欣赏：enjoy→appreciate 应该：should→be supposed to 总的来说：all in all→in a word 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last weekend our school went on eco-travel to a lake surrounded by trees in a suburb. 拓展句：Last weekend our school went on eco-travel to a lake which is surrounded by trees in a suburb. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Last weekend our school went on eco-travel to a lake surrounded by trees in a suburb.(运用了过去分词作后置定语) [高分句型2] I have come to love eco-travel and hope I can enjoy eco-travel together with you.(运用了省略了连接词that的宾语从句) 学以致用 一、语法单句填空 （状语从句复习） 1．She warned her parents of the danger, at first they just thought she was joking. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】though/although 【详解】句意：她警告她的父母有危险，虽然起初他们以为她只是在开玩笑。空处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管”用though或although。 2．So he thought, and he felt himself going he started; I will try it once again. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】before 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：于是他这样想，并且在行动之前就已经做好了准备；我要再试一次。根据句意可知，此处为连词before引导时间状语从句，意为“在……之前”，体现出“内心萌生动身的想法”早于“实际开始行动”，符合逻辑。故填before。 3．If not treated, the disease can damage the lungs to such an extent a person can not breathe properly. (用适当的词填空） 【答案】that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：如果不加以治疗，这种疾病会对肺部造成严重损害，以至于人无法正常呼吸。此处是固定句型“such...that...”，意为“如此……以至于……”，其中that引导结果状语从句。故填that。 4．He always parks his car he can see it from the window, just to make sure it’s safe. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【详解】考查连接副词。句意：他总是把车停在他能从窗户看到的地方，只是为了确保安全。 he can see it from the window是地点状语从句，空格处应该填入一个连接词引导从句，且意义为“（在）……的地方”，所以应该用连接副词where。故填where。 5． you warm up properly before running, you might injure your muscles or joints. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Unless 【详解】句意：除非你在跑步前做好充分的热身运动，否则可能会损伤肌肉或关节。逗号前后均为完整的句子，且“在跑步前做好充分的热身运动”是“损伤肌肉或关节”成立的否定条件，因此用unless“除非”引导条件状语从句，句首单词的首字母需大写。 6． we can reduce the use of plastic products, the living environment of sea animals will be greatly improved. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】If 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：如果我们能减少塑料制品的使用，海洋动物的生活环境将会得到极大的改善。根据“we can reduce the use of plastic products”和“the living environment of sea animals will be greatly improved”可知，前后句之间为条件关系，所以空处需用从属连词if“如果”引导条件状语从句，句首单词，首字母需大写。故填If。 7．The meeting was put off several key members had unexpected scheduling conflicts. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：会议被推迟了，因为几个关键成员遇到了意外的日程冲突。several key members had unexpected scheduling conflicts是会议推迟的原因，所以用because引导原因状语从句，说明事情发生的缘由。故填because。 8．Now we are all part of the global village, everyone becomes a neighbour. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：既然我们都是地球村的一部分，每个人都成为邻居。表示“既然”，用now that，引导原因状语从句。故填that。 9．Mark needs to learn Chinese his company is opening a branch in Beijing. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】because/since/as 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：马克需要学习中文，因为他的公司正在北京开设一家分公司。后半句“his company is opening a branch in Beijing(他的公司正在北京开设分公司)”是前半句“Mark needs to learn Chinese(马克需要学习中文)”的原因，此处需用连接词引导原因状语从句，because、since、as 均可表示 “因为”，引导原因状语从句，故填because/since/as。 10．Introducing you to areas such as biology, urban farming, and environmental science that you can explore the field of agriculture. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】so 【详解】句意：向你介绍生物学、城市农业和环境科学等领域，以便你可以探索农业领域。结合句意，表达“以便”用so that，引导目的状语从句，空处需填so。 11．Smart apartments will include voice-activated controls and automatic fall-detection sensors residents with limited mobility need emergency assistance. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 in case 【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：智能公寓将配备语音激活控制和自动跌倒检测传感器，以防行动不便的居民需要紧急帮助。句子描述的是配备语音激活控制和自动跌倒检测传感器的预防性目的，即“以防”行动不便的居民需要紧急帮助，因此用in case“以防”引导目的状语从句，对应为未来可能发生的紧急情况做准备的语境。故填in case。 12．I’ll find a way to improve on my own so I can make the team the next year. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我会想办法自我提高，这样我明年就能进入球队。分析句子结构并结合句意，我想办法自我提高是为了进入球队，表示目的，so that意为“这样，以便”，可引导目的状语从句。故填that。 13．There are birds which kick their young out at an early stage they can produce new chicks. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】 so that 【详解】考查目的状语从句。句意：有些鸟在早期阶段就把它们的幼鸟踢出去，这样它们就可以孵新的小鸟。空处应填so that“以便”引导目的状语从句，即鸟在早期阶段把它们的幼鸟踢出去的目的是孵新的小鸟。故填so that。 14．They are little children that they can not understand what you say sometimes. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】such 【详解】句意：他们年纪还这么小，有时连你说的话都听不懂。句中little是形容词，意为“年幼的；幼小的”，修饰名词children，用such修饰名词短语little children，构成固定句型“such+形容词+复数名词+that从句”，表示“如此……以至于……”， 15．The Great Wall is well-­known a tourist attraction that millions of people visit it every year. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】so 【详解】句意：长城是如此著名的旅游景点，每年数百万人前来游览。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型：so + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that…，等同于such a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词 + that…，引导结果状语从句；本句语序为：so well-known a tourist attraction，故用so。 二、完成句子翻译（用状语从句补全下列句子） 二、完成句子 1． , I fell asleep. 我闭上眼睛就睡着了。 【答案】The moment I closed my eyes 【详解】考查时间状语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“我闭上眼睛的那一刻”，“一……就……”可用the moment，名词短语引导时间状语从句，从句主语“我”I，“闭上”close，由fell可知，句子应用一般过去时，谓语动词close用过去式形式，宾语“我的眼睛”my eyes。句首字母大写，故填The moment I closed my eyes。 2． ,_the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study. 说到教育，大部分人认为教育是终生的学习。 【答案】When it comes to education 【详解】考查固定句型。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要补全“说到教育”。可用固定句型When it comes to…“说到……，当谈到……”，when引导时间状语从句，to为介词。“教育”用名词education。故填When it comes to education。 3．Jim answered the phone . 吉米一边走一边回电话。 【答案】as he went along 【详解】考查时间状语从句、时态。此处表示两个动作同时进行，即“走路”和“回电话”，所以应用连词as“当……时”引导时间状语从句，从句中：表示“他”用he，作主语；表示“走”用go along，从句描述过去的动作，时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填as he went along。 4． , the manager came out. 正当我们疑惑该做什么的时候，经理走了出来。 【答案】When we were wondering what to do 【详解】考查时间状语从句、时态和特殊疑问词+to do。“正当我们疑惑该做什么的时候”是时间状语从句，可用从属连词when引导；从句主语“我们”用人称代词we，谓语“疑惑”用动词wonder，描述过去某个时刻正在发生的事情用过去进行时态were wondering，“该做什么”作宾语，可用“特殊疑问词+to do”复合结构what to do作宾语what to do。故填When we were wondering what to do。 5． they went, they were warmly welcomed. 他们走到哪里都受到热烈的欢迎。 【答案】Where 【详解】考查连词。根据句意可知，本句为where引导的地点状语从句，首字母大写。故填Where。 6． (既然) everyone is here, let's begin the meeting. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】Now that 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：既然大家都到了，我们开始开会吧。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填连词短语引导原因状语从句，结合句意“既然”和汉语提示可知，设空处需填now that，句首单词，首字母需大写。故填Now that。 7． (既然) we are all part of the global village, everyone becomes a neighbour. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 Now that 【详解】考查原因状语从句。句意：既然我们都是地球村的一部分，每个人都成为邻居。“既然”是now that，引导原因状语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Now，that。 8． (尽管下大雨), the football match continued as scheduled. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】In spite of the heavy rain/Despite the heavy rain/Though it rained heavily/Although it rained heavily 【详解】考查让步状语从句或固定短语。句意：尽管下着大雨，足球比赛还是如期进行了。表示“尽管”用in spite of/despite，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“大雨”用the heavy rain，作宾语。或者表示“尽管”用though/although，引导让步状语从句，从句中用it指代天气，作从句主语，表示“下大雨”用rain heavily，事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填In spite of the heavy rain/Despite the heavy rain/Though it rained heavily/Although it rained heavily。 9．Sometimes we are we forget to find the beauty in life. 有时, 我们如此繁忙以至于忘记去发现生活中的美。 【答案】so busy that 【详解】考查状语从句。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“如此繁忙以至于”，结合句子结构可知，本句为“so+形容词+that”引导的结果状语从句，表示“如此……以至于……”，其中形容词“繁忙的”为busy。故填so busy that。 10．Tom对理科感兴趣，而他弟弟更喜欢艺术。(while) Tom is interested in science, . 【答案】while his younger brother prefers art 【详解】考查连词。分析句子，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。表示“然而”用while，此处表示对比。表示“更喜欢”用prefer；表示“而他弟弟更喜欢艺术”用while his younger brother prefers art。故答案为while his younger brother prefers art。 三、写作训练 你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“Let’s Promote Ecotourism”为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括： 1. 当前趋势； 2. 你的观点； 3. 你的倡议。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Let’s Promote Ecotourism Commonly regarded as low impact travel to undisturbed places, ecotourism has become increasingly popular these years. As for me, ecotourism is a true eco-friendly trip. With the aim of sustainable development, ecotourism calls on tourists to enjoy the scenery without damaging the natural environment. Therefore, it does little harm to the environment. By being exposed to natural areas, tourists can have a pleasant experience to get close to nature. Meanwhile, ecotourism benefits the economic development of local communities. Ecotourism means responsible and sustainable travel. We have only one planet. To protect our planet, I do hope we can live in harmony with nature and make sure ecotourism can provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts. 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就提倡生态旅游主题写一篇演讲稿参加学校即将举办的英语演讲比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 影响：impact→influence 为了：with the aim of→ for the sake of 呼吁：call on→appeal to 2.句式拓展 简单句变主从复合句 原句：To protect our planet, I do hope we can live in harmony with nature and make sure ecotourism can provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts. 复合句：To protect our planet, I do hope we can live in harmony with nature which can provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Commonly regarded as low impact travel to undisturbed places, ecotourism has become increasing1y popular these years. (运用了过去分词短语作原因状语) 【高分句型2】To protect our planet, I do hope we can live in harmony with nature and make sure ecotourism can provide positive experiences for both visitors and hosts. (运用不定式作目的状语和省略连词的宾语从句) 8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $