Unit 1 Science And Scientists（单元自测卷·浙江专用）英语人教版选择性必修第二册

**基本信息** 2026-2027学年高一英语选择性必修第二册Unit 1培优卷（浙江专用），融合科技前沿（如救援机器人、无人机3D打印）与文化传承（杨振宁、屠呦呦事迹），适配单元复习，全面提升语言能力与思维品质。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |听力|20题/30分|日常交际、科技话题（塑料历史、机器人应用）|情境真实，兼顾生活与时代，考查信息获取能力| |阅读|20题/50分|科技（救援机器人、无人机）、环保（海藻纪念品）、人物传记（杨振宁）|素材兼具科学性与人文性，七选五聚焦环保创新，培养批判性思维| |语言运用|25题/30分|语法（时态、从句）、词汇（动词短语）、语篇理解|完形探讨技术影响，语法填空介绍女性科学家，渗透文化意识| |写作|2题/40分|人物介绍、故事续写|应用文需用指定核心词汇，续写结合机器人发明，提升语言表达与创新思维|

2026-2027学年高一英语选择性必修第二册单元测试 （浙江专用） Unit 1·培优卷（参考答案） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. A 11. C 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. B 20. C 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 21．D 22．C 23．A 24．A 25．B 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．D 31．B 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．B 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 36．F 37．B 38．G 39．D 40．A 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 41．B 42．A 43．B 44．B 45．C 46．C 47．A 48．D 49．C 50．D 51．C 52．A 53．C 54．C 55．B 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 56．whose 57．shining 58．to win/to have won 59．scientific 60．Despite/When/While/Though/Although 61．Referring /Having referred 62．deadliest/most deadly/deadly 63．to 64．was awarded 65．but 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节  Yuan Longping is a great figure who is deeply respected across the globe. He achieved great success in hybrid rice research and made remarkable contributions to ending hunger worldwide. His work has created great value for humanity and greatly promoted social progress, helping him win worldwide fame. He has become an inspiring role model for young people. His dedication and noble character exert a timeless influence, encouraging us to strive for dreams and serve society with all our hearts. 第二节 （满分25分） Suddenly, a loud alarm rang through the house. Gabriel’s gas detection robot had sensed the leak and sprung into action. The shrill sound jolted his mother from her TV reverie, her heart pounding as she realized the danger they were in. Quickly, she rushed to the kitchen, turned off the gas, and opened all the windows to let the fresh air disperse the dangerous fumes. As the alarm ceased, she stood there, breathing a sigh of relief, suddenly understanding the significance of Gabriel’s invention. It wasn’t just a toy or a useless machine; it was a lifesaver. Gabriel’s mother held the robot gently in her arms, waiting for Gabriel to get back from school. She couldn’t wait to tell him how his creation had prevented a potential tragedy. When Gabriel finally walked through the door, his mother greeted him with tears in her eyes and a smile on her face. “Gabriel, you were right,” she said, hugging him tightly. “This robot isn’t just a hobby; it’s something that can protect us, make our lives safer. I’m sorry I didn’t see it before.” Gabriel’s heart swelled with pride and joy. From that day on, his mother became his biggest supporter, encouraging him to pursue his passion for robotics and recognizing the value of his inventions in making the world a better, safer place. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2026-2027学年高一英语选择性必修第二册单元测试 （浙江专用） Unit 1·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分1.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1.What will the speakers eat for lunch? A．Hamburgers. B．Beefsteaks. C．A salad. 2．How can a lost language be preserved? A．By using digital records. B．By keeping its history. C．By communicating more. 3．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Traffic accidents. B．Flying ambulances. C．Sci-fi movies. 4．Where does the conversation take place? A．In a TV station. B．In a repair shop. C．Over the phone. 5．What is the new technology for? A．Video games. B．Pictures. C．E-mails. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What are the speakers mainly discussing? A．A computer museum. B．Advances in computer technology. C．A library with examples of old technology. 7．What is the PowerBook 100? A．A $700,000 computer. B．A machine from 1976. C．The original portable computer 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What can we know about the woman’s website? A．It’s for fun. B．It has been finished. C．It’s an idea-sharing website. 9．What’s the relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Workmates. C．Teacher and student. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．How did the man improve his public speaking skills? A．By watching free speeches. B．By talking to famous leaders. C．By taking online courses. 11．What does the man like best about Khan Academy (可汗学院)? A．It doesn’t cost anything. B．It covers many subjects. C．It lets him make his own plan. 12．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Some useful apps. B．An excellent speech. C．Some famous artists. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．When did the washing machine first break down? A．A few weeks ago. B．About five days ago. C．Yesterday. 14．What does the man think of the problem? A．Annoying. B．Difficult. C．Easy. 15．How does the man deal with the washing machine? A．He changes a new motor. B．He replaces it for a new one. C．He puts the motor back in place. 16．What will the woman do next? A．Pay for the repairs. B．Have something to drink. C．Check the machine. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Who first developed plastic on a large scale? A．A Frenchman. B．An Englishman. C．An American. 18．What was the advantage of plastic collars? A．They didn’t wear out easily. B．They were easy to wash. C．They were comfortable. 19．Why were the plastic toys a good idea for some mothers? A．They were colorful. B．They were cheap. C．Kids preferred them. 20．What is talked about at the end of the speech? A．The excitement caused by plastic. B．Different uses of plastic. C．The harmful side of plastic. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A SpotOver 1,000 of these yellow robots, Spot, are already checking factories and power plants. And now the New York City Fire Department is starting to use the dog-like devices for search-and-rescue missions. In April 2024, a Spot surveyed the remains of a collapsed car park that was considered too unstable for fire crews to enter. Spot can also send back video footage, carry up to 14 kg and when fitted with an add-on “arm”, open doors and press switches. Lightning SwarmInspired by fireflies, these robots are tiny and can give out light in various colours. The scientists intend the robots to use their lights to signal to and track each other: a low-power communication strategy for a lightweight robot. “We envision sending hundreds or more of these tiny flying robots into a disaster site, and having them collectively search for survivors,” says MIT robotics engineer Prof Kevin Chen. “Once a survivor is found, they’ll pass the information out to the operators.” Trail BlazersAt the Bajiao Firc Rescue Station, in Yantai, northeast China. a firefighter tests out a fire-fighting robot. For a few years, China has been promoting the technology, which allows human firefighters to stay safely outside the danger zone while controlling robot firefighters to put out fires at chemical plants and in subways. One major advantage of this approach is fire resistance — Trail Blazers can work at temperatures of 1,000℃ for over 30 mins. RoosterThanks to its clever design, Rooster can roll across surfaces or fly around to examine almost any type of disaster site, moving through narrow passages and windows, or over obstacles and up or down staircases. Designed to assist in search operations, the robot uses cameras and sensors to scan a space, so that rescuers don’t need to enter dangerous areas. Rooster can also communicate with search teams and other robots via a radio link. 21．Which robots can work in the air? A．Spot and Trail Blazers. B．Spot and Lightning Swarm. C．Rooster and Trail Blazers. D．Rooster and Lightning Swarm. 22．What do these robots have in common? A．They can send radio signals. B．They are fitted with cameras. C．They can help conduct rescues. D．They are modelled after animals. 23．This passage is probably from ______. A．a science magazine B．a test report C．an operating handbook D．a modern fiction B The seemingly lifeless Arctic water below the ice near Northern Finland has a temperature only slightly above 0 ℃. But some people are about to jump down there to venture under the ice. Sophie Kalkowski-Pope is one of the divers preparing to visit this strange, upside-down world where she will swim below a ceiling of smooth ice. The marine biology graduate is part of an ice-diving training party that has gathered here. It’s so freezing that even with thermal clothing and special gloves, divers find it hard to use their hands after just 30 minutes underwater. There are other dangers, too, so strict safety rules are in place. Divers are tied to the surface, using a safety rope, with a handler on the surface communicating with the diver via rope signals. One tug for “OK”, two tugs for “stop”, three for “come back”. Scientists, driven to understand the changes unfolding here, are going to extremes to carry out their fieldwork. Some are learning ice diving techniques, so that they may observe underwater Arctic ecosystems and document the quickening disappearance of the ice. Their short and sometimes dangerous expeditions are revealing the secrets of a rapidly melting world. By studying changes in sea ice, scientists are able to gain a better understanding of how quickly climate change is unfolding. Ice diving, in particular, allows researchers to collect first-hand data on ice thickness, density (密度) and movement as well as water temperatures and salinity. The polar regions also have unique plants and animals adapted to living in extremely cold conditions, and some of these organisms are visible during ice dives. “Climate change is progressing at such a rate that decisions are sometimes not made with the latest available scientific knowledge. This is a problem. We need to keep science at the forefront,” said Sophie. But there is also the exciting attraction of fieldwork like this — going to places where few humans can, in order to document our planet a little better. That keeps researchers like her returning to the dark world under the ice. “There is, of course, also an element of adventure that drives us,” she added. 24．What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 1? A．To draw readers’ attention. B．To state the topic of the text. C．To highlight researchers’ hardship. D．To show a strange party for graduates. 25．Why do some researchers learn to dive under ice? A．To test warm diving equipment. B．To track rapid environmental shifts. C．To experience adventurous fieldwork. D．To study creatures in the cold-water sea. 26．Which word can best describe Sophie? A．Fearless. B．Cautious. C．Demanding. D．Mysterious. 27．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Fast Disappearance of Arctic Sea Ice B．A Scientific Mission Below the Freezing Point C．A Way to Find Out Secret s Under the Arctic Ice D．The Dangers of Arctic Ice Diving for Researchers C Yang Zhenning, born on October 1, 1922 in Hefei City, Anhui Province, is a Chinese physicist who made significant contributions. In 1935, he told his parents his ambition to “win the Nobel Prize one day,” a childlike “bold statement” that later became a reality in 1957, becoming one of the first two Chinese Nobel Prize winners. In 1945, he went to the US as a Tsinghua sponsored student. Three years later, he got his PhD at the University of Chicago, guided by his idol Professor Enrico Fermi. Recommended by Fermi, he entered Princeton Institute for Advanced Study in 1949 and started brilliant academic research. Although he lived in abroad, he always cared about his motherland. Learning that China’s atomic bomb was developed independently, he was deeply moved to tears. He gave lectures and speeches, causing an increase of Chinese scholars visiting China. In 1980, he established the “Committee on Scholarly Exchange with China,” sponsoring nearly 100 Chinese scholars to study in the United States over more than a decade. These scholars later became the backbone of China’s scientific and technological development. In 1999, shortly after retiring, Yang Zhenning came back to Tsinghua University as a full-time professor. He spent the next years raising money to set up the Institute for Advanced Study Foundation, which now helps young scientists work on mathematics, theoretical physics and cold-atom research. Even past eighty he taught General Physics to first-year students, rewrote his lecture notes and held weekly problem sessions. “Returning to Tsinghua is the most important choice of my later life,” he once said. Though Professor Yang has passed away, his spirit lives on in every lab and in the growing number of Chinese students who choose to explore science at home. 28．At what age did Yang win the Nobel Prize? A．10 B．13 C．23 D．35 29．The author mentions the “Committee on Scholarly Exchange with China” mainly to show that Yang Zhenning ________. A．intended to reform China’s education system B．sought a business bridge between China and U.S. C．inspired young Chinese researchers to U.S. labs for training D．dreamed of building a U.S. university branch in our country 30．What does the paragraph 5 mainly emphasize about Yang Zhenning? A．He built a large technology park in Beijing. B．He raised funds for exhibition on mathematics. C．He stopped doing research once he turned eighty. D．He continued contributing to Tsinghua after retirement. 31．Which words can best describe Yang Zhenning? A．Intelligent and odd. B．Ambitious and patriotic. C．Romantic and determined. D．Honest and warm-hearted. D Drones (无人机) already fly and spy. Now, they can build too. A pair of drones working together made a tower taller than a person. Engineers demonstrated this new method of 3D printing in the lab. Mirko Kovac, who co-led the research, says that animal builders, bees, inspired him. They shared their success in Nature on September 22. To print that person-sized tower, a Build-Drone carried expanding foam (泡沫). This material rapidly expands and hardens when sprayed (喷洒). The drone flew in a slow circle, spraying the foam downwards to form layers. When it ran out of material, it flew away so a person could reload it with more foam or replace the drone’s batteries. This type of foam tends to thicken unevenly. So, while a Build-Drone was being reloaded, a second, smaller drone surveyed the work. It was called Scan-Drone. It looked for places where the last layer was too thin or thick. Then it created a plan for the next layer to help even things out. This kept the tower straight and strong. “This was an impressive demonstration,” says Andrea Tagliabue, who wasn’t involved in the research. As a graduate student in robotics at MIT, Tagliabue works on control systems for drones. However, he notes that the researchers still have challenges left to solve before 3D printing drones are useful in the real world. “Since these drones built structures inside a lab, they didn’t have to contend with wind or other outdoor disturbances. Also, cameras placed around the room could help track the drones’ position s and send them along the correct paths. Outdoors, the drones would have to navigate without this extra help,” says Tagliabue. Kovac is already planning to do tests outdoors. He also plans to build more complex structures. He believes that drones can work together like bees in the future, and they will construct buildings or make repairs in places that are tough for human crews and heavy machinery to reach. “That may include disaster areas, the tops of tall buildings or even other planets,” Kovac says. “There’s a lot of interest in building on Mars with robots.” 32．How did the drones make the tower stay straight? A．They used hard and strong material. B．They sprayed the foam downwards. C．They cooperated in keeping a balance in layer thickness. D．They thickened layers by adding more and more foam. 33．What does the underlined phrase “contend with” mean in paragraph 3? A．Rule out. B．Compete with. C．Give out. D．Deal with. 34．What does Kovac think about the Build-Drones? A．They are full of promise. B．They are widely in use now. C．They can’t replace humans. D．They can’t do complex tasks. 35．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Drones Can Think and Learn like People B．Drones Work Together to Print Structures C．3D Printing Will Change the Business World D．3D Printing: Everything You Need to Know 第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tourists walking along Australia’s Sunshine Coast now find an unusual souvenir (纪念品) shop. Instead of plastic toys, shelves are filled with sandcastle kits made from dried seaweed. These earth-friendly molds (模具) create temporary sculptures. 36 The “Ocean Shapes” company makes these special kits. Each $15 set includes three toys that break down naturally and are shaped like sea turtles, starfish, and seashells, plus a small digging tool. Their website says: “ 37 Watch them return to the sea. This is how vacation memories should disappear.” Bright green packaging shows children building a sandcastle that slowly disappears with the waves. “Every kit sold funds beach clean-up programs,” says the company’s boss, a former surfing star. Sunshine Coast’s white beaches attract millions yearly. 38 Last year, volunteers picked up over 12 tons of rubbish left by visitors just during Christmas. Old plastic beach toys make up 40% of this waste, taking 500 years to break down. Broken tools often hurt sea animals that think they’re food. 39 For twenty years, scientists have tried using seaweed instead of plastic. They boil seaweed into thick liquid, and then press it into shapes. Old versions had bad smells, but new methods remove them while keeping the material strong. Mayor Tom Carter likes the idea but says, “We ask visitors to buy local honey or handmade hats. Our surf schools now offer seaweed toys for free to make less waste. If you buy them and they don’t disappear fully, take the pieces away. 40 ” Next summer, his team will add bright yellow seaweed recycling boxes shaped like dolphins on busy beaches. A．The ocean isn’t a rubbish bin. B．Play with nature, not against it. C．Keep the material strong enough for play. D．Seaweed products are not completely new. E．You have to return the seaweed toys in advance. F．They can break down in the ocean within hours, not polluting it. G．Famous for clear water and surfing, this area has growing plastic problems. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Pessimism VS. Progress Faster, cheaper, better-technology is one field many people rely upon to offer a vision of a brighter future. As we move into the 2020s, however, 41 is in short supply. The new technologies 42 the past decade seem to mess up the things. Social media are better known for invading privacy and spreading fake news. E-commerce is 43 with underpaying workers and increasing inequality. Parents worry that smartphones have turned their children into screen-addicted zombies (僵尸). 44 , the technologies expected to dominate in the new decade also seem to be casting a dark shadow. Artificial intelligence (AI) may well threaten your job. Self-driving cars still do not work, but manage to kill people all the same. Internet giants have changed from talent 45 to outcasts (被排斥者). The New York Times sums up the gloom (无望). “A mood of pessimism,” it writes, has 46 “the idea of inevitable progress born in the scientific and industrial revolutions.” 47 that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good have arisen before. In the 1970s, the gloom was caused by concerns about overpopulation, environmental damage, and the prospect of nuclear disaster．The 1920s witnessed a boycott of cars, which had earlier been seen as a(n) 48 answer to the problem of horse-drawn vehicles which filled the streets with noise and dung, and caused congestion and accidents. Similarly, in the 19th century industrialization was greeted with 49 from socialists, who worried about the displacement of skilled workers. However, a wider sense of techno-pessimism can be 50 . Too often people focus on the drawbacks of a new technology, while taking its benefits for granted. Worries about screen time should be 51 the much more real benefits of instant communication and the easy access to information and entertainment that smartphones make possible. A further danger is something Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a “technology trap.” Fears that robots will 52 people’s jobs may motivate politicians to tax them, for example, to discourage their use. 53 , in the long run, countries that wish to maintain their standard of living as their workforce ages and shrinks will need more robots, not fewer. Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill. It is the 54 people make about it that shape the world. As a result, the techlash (技术抵制潮) is a necessary step in the adoption of important new technologies. At its best, it helps frame how society comes to terms with innovations and imposes rules and policies against their 55 potential. Healthy skepticism means that these questions are settled by a broad debate, not by a small group of technologists. 41．A．challenge B．optimism C．imagination D．knowledge 42．A．dominating B．spoiling C．featuring D．justifying 43．A．experimented B．charged C．loaded D．threatened 44．A．Undoubtedly B．Frustratingly C．Fortunately D．Importantly 45．A．spells B．rings C．magnets D．remedies 46．A．intensified B．mirrored C．replaced D．proved 47．A．Concerns B．Recommendations C．Notices D．Expectations 48．A．unnecessary B．commonplace C．practical D．miraculous 49．A．competition B．reform C．criticism D．applause 50．A．adjusted B．extended C．underestimated D．overdone 51．A．combined with B．substituted for C．weighed against D．compared to 52．A．steal B．facilitate C．guide D．assess 53．A．Likewise B．Furthermore C．However D．Therefore 54．A．assumptions B．comments C．choices D．warnings 55．A．suspicious B．disastrous C．commercial D．illegal 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When we think of great scientists, names like Einstein or Newton often come to mind. However, history is filled with brilliant women 56 discoveries have shaped our world — yet their stories are less known. One 57 (shine) example is Marie Curie, a Polish-born physicist and chemist. She was the first woman and the only person 58 (win) a Nobel Prize in two 59 (science) fields: Physics and Chemistry. Her pioneering research on radioactivity not only introduced a new term into science but also led to cancer treatments that save millions of lives today. 60 facing harsh criticism because of her gender, she remained dedicated to her work. Another remarkable figure is Tu Youyou, a Chinese pharmaceutical chemist. 61 (refer) to the ancient Chinese medical books, she designed the experiments and discovered artemisinin, a drug that has dramatically reduced death rates from malaria, one of the 62 (dead) diseases in human history. She and her team managed to find solutions 63 various problems with limited research resources. For this achievement, she 64 (award) the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. These women overcame social barriers, lack of funding, and skepticism. They proved that science has no gender 65 only curiosity, persistence, and courage. Their stories encourage all students, especially young girls, to pursue careers in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics). 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，请写一段话介绍一位著名人物的贡献及其对社会的积极影响。 词数：80词左右。 要求包含以下核心词汇（可变形）：achieve great success, make remarkable contributions, win worldwide fame, promote social progress, create great value, a great figure, role model, timeless influence ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料：根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Gabriel had always been fascinated by robots. His mother, however, did not think much of it. She often criticized him, urging him to focus on his schoolwork instead of those“ useless machines”, as she called them. She wanted him to spend more time on his books, and less time lost in the world of robotics. He, however, always worked quietly on parts, trying to create inventions that could solve everyday problems. One day, Gabriel came back from school, bursting through the front door, holding a shining award in his hand. The gas detection robot he had built for months had just won first place in the regional competition. His heart raced as he imagined his mother would be proud this time. “Mom! Look! I won!” he cried. His mother, standing at the kitchen counter, looked briefly. She sighed, “That’s nice, Gabriel, but I still don’t see what good it will do you. It’s not going to help you with your grades or get you into college. You need to focus on something more practical.” Her voice showed no interest. Gabriel remained quiet, determined to prove that what he was doing had value. One evening, as the delicious smell of dinner floated through the house, an unexpected danger was quietly closing. Gabriel’s mother had been busy in the kitchen but had forgotten to turn off the gas. Unaware of the coming threat, she had wandered into the living room, settling down comfortably in front of the TV. The gas continued to escape, silently filling the air. The house was on the edge of a disaster. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, a loud alarm rang through the house. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gabriel’s mother held the robot gently in her arms, waiting for Gabriel to get back from school. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年高一英语选择性必修第二册单元测试 （浙江专用） Unit 1·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分1.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1.What will the speakers eat for lunch? A．Hamburgers. B．Beefsteaks. C．A salad. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Maggie, what would you like to eat for lunch today, hamburgers or beefsteaks? W: In fact, I have been a vegetarian recently. How about a salad? M: It’s up to you. 2．How can a lost language be preserved? A．By using digital records. B．By keeping its history. C．By communicating more. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Another language disappeared last week. M: But I feel it would be easier for people to communicate with fewer languages. W: That’s true, but each loss of languages removes its history and culture. Hopefully, digital records can preserve some lost languages. 3．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Traffic accidents. B．Flying ambulances. C．Sci-fi movies. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Steve, I’ve heard that you’re working on a flying ambulance. I only saw that in sci-fi movies. M: Yes, the ambulances sometimes get stuck in the traffic jams. Flying ambulances won’t have that problem. They’ll be able to fly straight to the accident and take care of people who are hurt. 4．Where does the conversation take place? A．In a TV station. B．In a repair shop. C．Over the phone. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Hello, Sander Service. Lucy speaking. Anything I can do for you? M: Oh, I’m just turning my air conditioner on. But it does not work. W: Don’t worry. I’ll send a person to check it. What’s your address, sir? 5．What is the new technology for? A．Video games. B．Pictures. C．E-mails. 【答案】C 【原文】M: An Internet company announced a new technology called Smart Reply at its yearly conference last week. W: What is it? M: It’s a new feature which makes it easier to answer emails. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What are the speakers mainly discussing? A．A computer museum. B．Advances in computer technology. C．A library with examples of old technology. 7．What is the PowerBook 100? A．A $700,000 computer. B．A machine from 1976. C．The original portable computer. 【答案】6．A 7．C 【原文】W: So, get this. There’s now a Mac Museum. M: What do you mean? W: This boy and his father are showing 200 Apple computers in an old library that they turned into the Maine Technology Museum. There’s a computer from 1976 that still works. M: I didn’t even know that computers were made before 1980. W: There are fewer than 70 of those ones left, and they’re selling for around $900,000 on the Internet. M: What else do they have? W: Something called an Apple Lisa 2/5. Lisa is the daughter of Steve Jobs, the founder of Apple. There’s also a PowerBook 100, which is said to be the first laptop. M: Wow, I’d love to go to see them all. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What can we know about the woman’s website? A．It’s for fun. B．It has been finished. C．It’s an idea-sharing website. 9．What’s the relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Workmates. C．Teacher and student. 【答案】8．C 9．A 【原文】M: Wow, cool website! W: I’ve been designing it for months and it’s nearly complete. M: What is it for? W: Not for fun really. It’ll be a public site where people can share ideas, you know, like-minded people. I want to launch it next week. M: How much testing have you done? Any feedback? W: My husband loves it, but he said it’s still not very user-friendly. I guess I still need to make a few changes. M: I’m happy to be your guinea pig when you’re ready. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．How did the man improve his public speaking skills? A．By watching free speeches. B．By talking to famous leaders. C．By taking online courses. 11．What does the man like best about Khan Academy (可汗学院)? A．It doesn’t cost anything. B．It covers many subjects. C．It lets him make his own plan. 12．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Some useful apps. B．An excellent speech. C．Some famous artists. 【答案】10．A 11．C 12．A 【原文】W: John, I heard you made a nice speech at school. How did you improve your public speaking skills? M: Oh, it’s thanks to TED. W: The app of TED? M: You are right, Alice. This free app is very useful. It has collected more than seven hundred talks from the world’s most famous thinkers, leaders, artists, etc. I can watch talks by subject and download them to watch offline. There’s a short introduction for each talk, so I can get the main idea in advance. W: It seems that online learning apps are really great. M: Absolutely. They show me a new way of learning. W: Wow, I think you must be familiar with online study tools. Which app do you think is the best for your schoolwork besides TED? M: I often use Khan Academy. This app allows me to learn almost anything for free. It covers many subjects. The real magic of Khan Academy is that it allows me to create my own learning plan. W: That’s great! I’m going to download those apps right now. Thanks for your sharing. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．When did the washing machine first break down? A．A few weeks ago. B．About five days ago. C．Yesterday. 14．What does the man think of the problem? A．Annoying. B．Difficult. C．Easy. 15．How does the man deal with the washing machine? A．He changes a new motor. B．He replaces it for a new one. C．He puts the motor back in place. 16．What will the woman do next? A．Pay for the repairs. B．Have something to drink. C．Check the machine. 【答案】13．B 14．C 15．C 16．A 【原文】M: Good morning. I understand that you’ve got a problem with your washing machine. W: Yes, I called you yesterday. Come in, please. The washing machine is in the bathroom upstairs. It keeps breaking down. M: When did it first break down? W: About five days ago. I’ve tried to use it since then. Sometimes it works and sometimes it doesn’t. It’s very annoying. M: If I can’t fix it, it would be quicker and easier to exchange it for a new one. W: I see. Over the last few weeks it’s also been making an awful noise when it’s in use. M: Okay, I’ll start by looking at the motor. Oh yes, there is the problem. I’ll sort it out in a few minutes. W: What’s wrong with it? M: Part of the motor is loose. I can put it back in place quite easily. Look, it’s okay now. W: Thanks a lot. Would you like a cup of tea or coffee? M: No, thanks. But I’m afraid you have to pay 15 dollars for it. W: That’s okay. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Who first developed plastic on a large scale? A．A Frenchman. B．An Englishman. C．An American. 18．What was the advantage of plastic collars? A．They didn’t wear out easily. B．They were easy to wash. C．They were comfortable. 19．Why were the plastic toys a good idea for some mothers? A．They were colorful. B．They were cheap. C．Kids preferred them. 20．What is talked about at the end of the speech? A．The excitement caused by plastic. B．Different uses of plastic. C．The harmful side of plastic. 【答案】17．C 18．B 19．B 20．C 【原文】The history of plastic is no longer than you might expect. In fact, the first man-made plastic was made over a hundred years ago. It was discovered both by an Englishman and an American in the same year, but it was the American who first developed it on a large scale during the 1860s. Everybody was excited by this new material because it was so cheap. Poor workers were able to buy plastic collars. These plastic collars were hard and uncomfortable, but they were easy to wash. The poor workers could clean them every evening with just soap and water. Poor mothers, who had not been able to afford toys for their children, were now able to buy inexpensive ones made of plastic. However, plastic has one serious fault. Some kinds of plastic can catch fire very easily, and when they do, a poisonous gas is produced. What’s worse, plastic takes a very long time to break down so it causes serious pollution. We now use the term “white pollution” to refer to plastic pollution. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A SpotOver 1,000 of these yellow robots, Spot, are already checking factories and power plants. And now the New York City Fire Department is starting to use the dog-like devices for search-and-rescue missions. In April 2024, a Spot surveyed the remains of a collapsed car park that was considered too unstable for fire crews to enter. Spot can also send back video footage, carry up to 14 kg and when fitted with an add-on “arm”, open doors and press switches. Lightning SwarmInspired by fireflies, these robots are tiny and can give out light in various colours. The scientists intend the robots to use their lights to signal to and track each other: a low-power communication strategy for a lightweight robot. “We envision sending hundreds or more of these tiny flying robots into a disaster site, and having them collectively search for survivors,” says MIT robotics engineer Prof Kevin Chen. “Once a survivor is found, they’ll pass the information out to the operators.” Trail BlazersAt the Bajiao Firc Rescue Station, in Yantai, northeast China. a firefighter tests out a fire-fighting robot. For a few years, China has been promoting the technology, which allows human firefighters to stay safely outside the danger zone while controlling robot firefighters to put out fires at chemical plants and in subways. One major advantage of this approach is fire resistance — Trail Blazers can work at temperatures of 1,000℃ for over 30 mins. RoosterThanks to its clever design, Rooster can roll across surfaces or fly around to examine almost any type of disaster site, moving through narrow passages and windows, or over obstacles and up or down staircases. Designed to assist in search operations, the robot uses cameras and sensors to scan a space, so that rescuers don’t need to enter dangerous areas. Rooster can also communicate with search teams and other robots via a radio link. 21．Which robots can work in the air? A．Spot and Trail Blazers. B．Spot and Lightning Swarm. C．Rooster and Trail Blazers. D．Rooster and Lightning Swarm. 22．What do these robots have in common? A．They can send radio signals. B．They are fitted with cameras. C．They can help conduct rescues. D．They are modelled after animals. 23．This passage is probably from ______. A．a science magazine B．a test report C．an operating handbook D．a modern fiction 【答案】21．D 22．C 23．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四种不同功能和特点的机器人。 21．细节理解题。根据Lightning Swarm部分中第二段“We envision sending hundreds or more of these tiny flying robots into a disaster site, and having them collectively search for survivors(我们设想将数百个或更多这样的微型飞行机器人送到灾难现场，让它们集体搜寻幸存者)”和Rooster部分中第一段“Rooster can roll across surfaces or fly around to examine almost any type of disaster site, moving through narrow passages and windows, or over obstacles and up or down staircases.(Rooster可以在地面上滚动，也可以在几乎任何类型的灾难现场飞来飞去，通过狭窄的通道和窗户，或者越过障碍物，上下楼梯)”可知，Rooster和Lightning Swarm可以在空中飞行和工作。故选D项。 22．细节理解题。根据Spot部分中第一段“And now the New York City Fire Department is starting to use the dog-like devices for search-and-rescue missions.(现在，纽约市消防局开始使用这种类似狗的设备进行搜救任务)”、Lightning Swarm部分中第二段“We envision sending hundreds or more of these tiny flying robots into a disaster site, and having them collectively search for survivors,(我们设想将数百个或更多这样的微型飞行机器人送到灾难现场，让它们集体搜寻幸存者)”、Trail Blazers部分中第一段“At the Bajiao Firc Rescue Station, in Yantai, northeast China. a firefighter tests out a fire-fighting robot.(在中国东北烟台的八角消防救援站。一名消防员在测试消防机器人)”和Rooster部分中第一段“Rooster can roll across surfaces or fly around to examine almost any type of disaster site, moving through narrow passages and windows, or over obstacles and up or down staircases.(Rooster可以在地面上滚动，也可以在几乎任何类型的灾难现场飞来飞去，通过狭窄的通道和窗户，或者越过障碍物，上下楼梯)”可知，这些机器人都可以帮助进行救援。故选C项。 23．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了四种不同功能和特点的机器人，与科技相关，所以很可能选至一本科学杂志。故选A项。 B The seemingly lifeless Arctic water below the ice near Northern Finland has a temperature only slightly above 0 ℃. But some people are about to jump down there to venture under the ice. Sophie Kalkowski-Pope is one of the divers preparing to visit this strange, upside-down world where she will swim below a ceiling of smooth ice. The marine biology graduate is part of an ice-diving training party that has gathered here. It’s so freezing that even with thermal clothing and special gloves, divers find it hard to use their hands after just 30 minutes underwater. There are other dangers, too, so strict safety rules are in place. Divers are tied to the surface, using a safety rope, with a handler on the surface communicating with the diver via rope signals. One tug for “OK”, two tugs for “stop”, three for “come back”. Scientists, driven to understand the changes unfolding here, are going to extremes to carry out their fieldwork. Some are learning ice diving techniques, so that they may observe underwater Arctic ecosystems and document the quickening disappearance of the ice. Their short and sometimes dangerous expeditions are revealing the secrets of a rapidly melting world. By studying changes in sea ice, scientists are able to gain a better understanding of how quickly climate change is unfolding. Ice diving, in particular, allows researchers to collect first-hand data on ice thickness, density (密度) and movement as well as water temperatures and salinity. The polar regions also have unique plants and animals adapted to living in extremely cold conditions, and some of these organisms are visible during ice dives. “Climate change is progressing at such a rate that decisions are sometimes not made with the latest available scientific knowledge. This is a problem. We need to keep science at the forefront,” said Sophie. But there is also the exciting attraction of fieldwork like this — going to places where few humans can, in order to document our planet a little better. That keeps researchers like her returning to the dark world under the ice. “There is, of course, also an element of adventure that drives us,” she added. 24．What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 1? A．To draw readers’ attention. B．To state the topic of the text. C．To highlight researchers’ hardship. D．To show a strange party for graduates. 25．Why do some researchers learn to dive under ice? A．To test warm diving equipment. B．To track rapid environmental shifts. C．To experience adventurous fieldwork. D．To study creatures in the cold-water sea. 26．Which word can best describe Sophie? A．Fearless. B．Cautious. C．Demanding. D．Mysterious. 27．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Fast Disappearance of Arctic Sea Ice B．A Scientific Mission Below the Freezing Point C．A Way to Find Out Secret s Under the Arctic Ice D．The Dangers of Arctic Ice Diving for Researchers 【答案】24．A 25．B 26．A 27．B 【导语】本文介绍了科研人员在北极开展冰潜训练，冒着极端低温与风险深入冰下，收集海冰与气候数据、开展生态研究的科研故事。 【详解】24．推理判断题。根据第一段“The seemingly lifeless Arctic water below the ice near Northern Finland has a temperature only slightly above 0 ℃. But some people are about to jump down there to venture under the ice.(芬兰北部冰层下看似毫无生机的北极水域，温度仅略高于零摄氏度。但仍有人打算跳入这里，在冰下展开探险。)”可知，作者开篇描绘极端严酷的冰下环境，再引出冰潜科研人员的特殊行动，目的是制造反差感，抓住读者好奇心，吸引读者继续阅读。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段“Some are learning ice diving techniques, so that they may observe underwater Arctic ecosystems and document the quickening disappearance of the ice.(部分科研人员学习冰潜技术，是为了观察北极水下生态系统，记录加速消融的海冰。)”以及“By studying changes in sea ice, scientists are able to gain a better understanding of how quickly climate change is unfolding.(通过研究海冰变化，科学家能够更清晰地了解气候变化的发展速度。)” 可知，研究人员学习冰潜是为了追踪快速变化的北极环境与气候。 26．推理判断题。根据第一段“Sophie Kalkowski-Pope is one of the divers preparing to visit this strange, upside-down world where she will swim below a ceiling of smooth ice.(索菲・卡尔科夫斯基 - 波普是准备探索这个奇异倒置世界的潜水员之一，她将在光滑的冰盖下方游动。)”以及最后一段她的表述“There is, of course, also an element of adventure that drives us,(当然，冒险精神也是驱动我们的动力之一，)”可知，索菲主动参与危险的冰潜科研，不惧极端环境与风险，是无畏的人。 27．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Scientists, driven to understand the changes unfolding here, are going to extremes to carry out their fieldwork.(为了弄清这里正在发生的变化，科学家们采取极端方式开展实地研究。)”并结合全文内容可知，文章核心讲述科研人员冒着风险在北极冰点以下的冰下开展科研工作，收集气候与生态数据，所以B项“A Scientific Mission Below the Freezing Point(冰点以下的科学任务)”符合语境。 C Yang Zhenning, born on October 1, 1922 in Hefei City, Anhui Province, is a Chinese physicist who made significant contributions. In 1935, he told his parents his ambition to “win the Nobel Prize one day,” a childlike “bold statement” that later became a reality in 1957, becoming one of the first two Chinese Nobel Prize winners. In 1945, he went to the US as a Tsinghua sponsored student. Three years later, he got his PhD at the University of Chicago, guided by his idol Professor Enrico Fermi. Recommended by Fermi, he entered Princeton Institute for Advanced Study in 1949 and started brilliant academic research. Although he lived in abroad, he always cared about his motherland. Learning that China’s atomic bomb was developed independently, he was deeply moved to tears. He gave lectures and speeches, causing an increase of Chinese scholars visiting China. In 1980, he established the “Committee on Scholarly Exchange with China,” sponsoring nearly 100 Chinese scholars to study in the United States over more than a decade. These scholars later became the backbone of China’s scientific and technological development. In 1999, shortly after retiring, Yang Zhenning came back to Tsinghua University as a full-time professor. He spent the next years raising money to set up the Institute for Advanced Study Foundation, which now helps young scientists work on mathematics, theoretical physics and cold-atom research. Even past eighty he taught General Physics to first-year students, rewrote his lecture notes and held weekly problem sessions. “Returning to Tsinghua is the most important choice of my later life,” he once said. Though Professor Yang has passed away, his spirit lives on in every lab and in the growing number of Chinese students who choose to explore science at home. 28．At what age did Yang win the Nobel Prize? A．10 B．13 C．23 D．35 29．The author mentions the “Committee on Scholarly Exchange with China” mainly to show that Yang Zhenning ________. A．intended to reform China’s education system B．sought a business bridge between China and U.S. C．inspired young Chinese researchers to U.S. labs for training D．dreamed of building a U.S. university branch in our country 30．What does the paragraph 5 mainly emphasize about Yang Zhenning? A．He built a large technology park in Beijing. B．He raised funds for exhibition on mathematics. C．He stopped doing research once he turned eighty. D．He continued contributing to Tsinghua after retirement. 31．Which words can best describe Yang Zhenning? A．Intelligent and odd. B．Ambitious and patriotic. C．Romantic and determined. D．Honest and warm-hearted. 【答案】28．D 29．C 30．D 31．B 【导语】文章主要讲述了著名物理学家杨振宁的生平事迹，包括他年少时的志向、留学经历、对祖国的贡献以及退休后的生活。 【详解】28．细节理解题。根据第一段“Yang Zhenning, born on October 1, 1922 in Hefei City, Anhui province, is a Chinese physicist who made significant contributions.(杨振宁，1922年10月1日出生于安徽省合肥市，是中国一位做出重大贡献的物理学家)”和第二段“In 1935, he told his parents his ambition to “win the Nobel Prize one day,” a childlike “bold statement” that later became a reality in 1957, becoming one of the first two Chinese Nobel Prize winners.(1935年，他告诉父母，他的志向是“有一天能获得诺贝尔奖”，这句孩子气的“大胆宣言”后来在1957年成为现实，他成为首批两位中国诺贝尔奖获得者之一)”可知，杨振宁出生于1922年，1935年他告诉父母他的志向，由此可知，他在13岁时“预测”自己会获得诺贝尔奖。 29．推理判断题。根据第四段“In 1980, he established the “Committee on Scholarly Exchange with China,” sponsoring nearly 100 Chinese scholars to study in the United States over more than a decade. These scholars later became the backbone of China’s scientific and technological development.(1980年，他成立了“中美学术交流委员会”，在十多年的时间里资助了近100名中国学者到美国学习。这些学者后来成为中国科技发展的中坚力量)”可知，作者提到“中美学术交流委员会”主要是为了展示杨振宁激励中国年轻研究人员到美国实验室学习。 30．主旨大意题。根据第五段“In 1999, shortly after retiring, Yang Zhenning came back to Tsinghua University as a full-time professor. He spent the next years raising money to set up the Institute for Advanced Study Foundation, which now helps young scientists work on mathematics, theoretical physics and cold-atom research. Even past eighty he taught General Physics to first-year students, rewrote his lecture notes and held weekly problem sessions. “Returning to Tsinghua is the most important choice of my later life,” he once said.(1999年，退休后不久，杨振宁回到清华大学担任全职教授。在接下来的几年里，他筹集资金成立了高等研究院基金会，该基金会现在帮助年轻科学家从事数学、理论物理和冷原子研究。即使过了八十岁，他仍然为一年级学生讲授普通物理学，重写讲义，并每周举行问题讨论会。“回到清华是我晚年最重要的选择，”他曾经说过)”可知，第五段主要强调杨振宁退休后继续为清华大学做出贡献。 31．推理判断题。根据第二段“In 1935, he told his parents his ambition to “win the Nobel Prize one day,” a childlike “bold statement” that later became a reality in 1957, becoming one of the first two Chinese Nobel Prize winners.(1935年，他告诉父母，他的志向是“有一天能获得诺贝尔奖”，这句孩子气的“大胆宣言”后来在1957年成为现实，他成为首批两位中国诺贝尔奖获得者之一)”可知，他少年时即立下并获得诺贝尔奖的志向，展现了他的雄心壮志(ambitious)；根据第三段“Although he lived abroad, he always cared about his motherland.(虽然他住在国外，但他一直关心祖国)”以及后文描述他为中国科技发展做出的贡献可推知，杨振宁是一个爱国的人(patriotic)。 D Drones (无人机) already fly and spy. Now, they can build too. A pair of drones working together made a tower taller than a person. Engineers demonstrated this new method of 3D printing in the lab. Mirko Kovac, who co-led the research, says that animal builders, bees, inspired him. They shared their success in Nature on September 22. To print that person-sized tower, a Build-Drone carried expanding foam (泡沫). This material rapidly expands and hardens when sprayed (喷洒). The drone flew in a slow circle, spraying the foam downwards to form layers. When it ran out of material, it flew away so a person could reload it with more foam or replace the drone’s batteries. This type of foam tends to thicken unevenly. So, while a Build-Drone was being reloaded, a second, smaller drone surveyed the work. It was called Scan-Drone. It looked for places where the last layer was too thin or thick. Then it created a plan for the next layer to help even things out. This kept the tower straight and strong. “This was an impressive demonstration,” says Andrea Tagliabue, who wasn’t involved in the research. As a graduate student in robotics at MIT, Tagliabue works on control systems for drones. However, he notes that the researchers still have challenges left to solve before 3D printing drones are useful in the real world. “Since these drones built structures inside a lab, they didn’t have to contend with wind or other outdoor disturbances. Also, cameras placed around the room could help track the drones’ position s and send them along the correct paths. Outdoors, the drones would have to navigate without this extra help,” says Tagliabue. Kovac is already planning to do tests outdoors. He also plans to build more complex structures. He believes that drones can work together like bees in the future, and they will construct buildings or make repairs in places that are tough for human crews and heavy machinery to reach. “That may include disaster areas, the tops of tall buildings or even other planets,” Kovac says. “There’s a lot of interest in building on Mars with robots.” 32．How did the drones make the tower stay straight? A．They used hard and strong material. B．They sprayed the foam downwards. C．They cooperated in keeping a balance in layer thickness. D．They thickened layers by adding more and more foam. 33．What does the underlined phrase “contend with” mean in paragraph 3? A．Rule out. B．Compete with. C．Give out. D．Deal with. 34．What does Kovac think about the Build-Drones? A．They are full of promise. B．They are widely in use now. C．They can’t replace humans. D．They can’t do complex tasks. 35．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Drones Can Think and Learn like People B．Drones Work Together to Print Structures C．3D Printing Will Change the Business World D．3D Printing: Everything You Need to Know 【答案】32．C 33．D 34．A 35．B 【导语】主要说明了受蜜蜂启发，两款无人机配合完成 3D 打印建塔。目前该技术仍有户外应用难题，但研究者看好其未来，计划用于灾区、高空甚至外星建造作业。 【详解】32．细节理解题。根据第二段“This type of foam tends to thicken unevenly. So, while a Build-Drone was being reloaded, a second, smaller drone surveyed the work. It was called Scan-Drone. It looked for places where the last layer was too thin or thick. Then it created a plan for the next layer to help even things out. This kept the tower straight and strong. (这种泡沫往往无法均匀增厚。因此，当建造无人机正在重新装载时，第二台较小的扫描无人机会进行检查工作。它被称为扫描无人机，用于寻找上一层过薄或过厚的位置，然后制定下一层的施工方案，以帮助平整表面。这样就能保持塔楼的直立和稳固。)”可知，无人机通过协作来维持各层厚度的平衡来让塔楼保持直立。 33．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Since these drones built structures inside a lab (由于这些无人机在实验室内部建造结构)”以及后文“wind or other outdoor disturbances (风力或其他户外干扰)”可知，实验在室内完成，无人机无需应对风力等户外干扰。故划线词意思是“应对”。 34．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Kovac is already planning to do tests outdoors. He also plans to build more complex structures. He believes that drones can work together like bees in the future, and they will construct buildings or make repairs in places that are tough for human crews and heavy machinery to reach. “That may include disaster areas, the tops of tall buildings or even other planets,” Kovac says. “There’s a lot of interest in building on Mars with robots.” (科瓦茨已经开始计划在户外进行测试，他还打算建造更复杂的结构。他认为，未来无人机可以像蜜蜂一样协同工作，在人类机组人员和重型机械难以到达的地方建造建筑或进行维修。“这可能包括灾区、高楼顶部，甚至其他星球，”科瓦茨说，“人们对用机器人在火星上建设的兴趣非常浓厚。”)”可知，科瓦茨认为建造无人机充满希望。 35．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Drones (无人机) already fly and spy. Now, they can build too. A pair of drones working together made a tower taller than a person. Engineers demonstrated this new method of 3D printing in the lab. Mirko Kovac, who co-led the research, says that animal builders, bees, inspired him. They shared their success in Nature on September 22. (无人机已经能够飞行和侦察，现在它们还能建造。一对无人机协同工作，成功搭建出一座比人还高的塔楼。工程师们在实验室中展示了这种新型3D打印技术。该研究的联合负责人米尔科·科瓦茨表示，启发他的是动物建造者——蜜蜂。他们于9月22日在《自然》杂志上分享了这一成果。)”结合文章主要说明了受蜜蜂启发，两款无人机配合完成 3D 打印建塔。目前该技术仍有户外应用难题，但研究者看好其未来，计划用于灾区、高空甚至外星建造作业。可知，B选项“无人机协同工作以打印结构”最符合文章标题。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tourists walking along Australia’s Sunshine Coast now find an unusual souvenir (纪念品) shop. Instead of plastic toys, shelves are filled with sandcastle kits made from dried seaweed. These earth-friendly molds (模具) create temporary sculptures. 36 The “Ocean Shapes” company makes these special kits. Each $15 set includes three toys that break down naturally and are shaped like sea turtles, starfish, and seashells, plus a small digging tool. Their website says: “ 37 Watch them return to the sea. This is how vacation memories should disappear.” Bright green packaging shows children building a sandcastle that slowly disappears with the waves. “Every kit sold funds beach clean-up programs,” says the company’s boss, a former surfing star. Sunshine Coast’s white beaches attract millions yearly. 38 Last year, volunteers picked up over 12 tons of rubbish left by visitors just during Christmas. Old plastic beach toys make up 40% of this waste, taking 500 years to break down. Broken tools often hurt sea animals that think they’re food. 39 For twenty years, scientists have tried using seaweed instead of plastic. They boil seaweed into thick liquid, and then press it into shapes. Old versions had bad smells, but new methods remove them while keeping the material strong. Mayor Tom Carter likes the idea but says, “We ask visitors to buy local honey or handmade hats. Our surf schools now offer seaweed toys for free to make less waste. If you buy them and they don’t disappear fully, take the pieces away. 40 ” Next summer, his team will add bright yellow seaweed recycling boxes shaped like dolphins on busy beaches. A．The ocean isn’t a rubbish bin. B．Play with nature, not against it. C．Keep the material strong enough for play. D．Seaweed products are not completely new. E．You have to return the seaweed toys in advance. F．They can break down in the ocean within hours, not polluting it. G．Famous for clear water and surfing, this area has growing plastic problems. 【答案】36．F 37．B 38．G 39．D 40．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了澳大利亚阳光海岸一家特别的纪念品商店，其售卖的“海洋形状”沙堡工具包由干海藻制成，环保且可自然降解，还介绍了该产品的特点、背后公司的理念以及当地面临的塑料污染问题等相关情况。 【详解】36．根据前文“These earth-friendly molds (模具) create temporary sculptures.(这些环保模具能制作出临时的雕塑。)”可知，这些环保模具制作的是临时雕塑，而临时存在意味着会自然消失，不会造成污染。F选项“They can break down in the ocean within hours, not polluting it. (它们可以在几小时内在海洋中分解，不会污染海洋。)”进一步说明了这种环保模具的特性，即能快速降解且无污染，与前文的“temporary”和“earth-friendly”相呼应，符合语境。故选F项。 37．根据后文“Watch them return to the sea. This is how vacation memories should disappear.(看着它们回归大海。这才是假期记忆应有的消散方式。)”可知，这些工具包会回归大海，以环保的方式让假期记忆消失，体现了与自然和谐相处的理念。B选项“Play with nature, not against it. (与自然共处，而非对抗。)”能够很好地概括这种理念，且与后文内容衔接紧密，符合语境。故选B项。 38．根据前文“Sunshine Coast’s white beaches attract millions yearly.(阳光海岸的白色沙滩每年吸引着数百万人前来。)”可知，阳光海岸每年吸引数百万游客，根据后文“Last year, volunteers picked up over 12 tons of rubbish left by visitors just during Christmas. Old plastic beach toys make up 40% of this waste, taking 500 years to break down.(去年圣诞节期间，志愿者仅在这段时间就清理了超过12吨游客留下的垃圾。旧塑料沙滩玩具占这些垃圾的40%，它们需要500年才能降解。)”可知，去年圣诞节期间志愿者就捡了12吨多游客留下的垃圾，其中旧塑料沙滩玩具占40%，这说明该地区存在塑料污染问题。G选项“Famous for clear water and surfing, this area has growing plastic problems. (这个以清澈海水和冲浪闻名的地区，塑料问题日益严重。)”既介绍了该地区的优势，又引出了存在的塑料污染问题，起到了承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选G项。 39．根据后文“For twenty years, scientists have tried using seaweed instead of plastic. They boil seaweed into thick liquid, and then press it into shapes. Old versions had bad smells, but new methods remove them while keeping the material strong. (二十年来，科学家们一直尝试用海藻替代塑料。他们将海藻煮成浓稠的液体，然后压制成各种形状。早期的版本有难闻的气味，但新的方法去除了这些气味，同时还保持了材料的坚固性。)”可知，二十年来科学家们一直在尝试用海藻代替塑料，这说明用海藻制作产品并不是全新的事情。D选项“Seaweed products are not completely new. (海藻产品并不是全新的。)”能够引出下文，符合语境。故选D项。 40．根据前文“Mayor Tom Carter likes the idea but says, “We ask visitors to buy local honey or handmade hats. Our surf schools now offer seaweed toys for free to make less waste. If you buy them and they don’t disappear fully, take the pieces away.(Tom Carter市长认可这个想法，他说：“我们建议游客购买当地的蜂蜜或手工帽子。我们的冲浪学校现在免费提供海藻玩具，以减少废弃物。如果你们购买了这些玩具，而它们没有完全降解，要把碎片带走。”)”可知，市长要求如果购买的海藻玩具没有完全消失，要把碎片带走，其目的是不让海洋成为垃圾桶。A选项“The ocean isn’t a rubbish bin. (海洋不是垃圾桶。)”是对前文要求的进一步强调和解释，符合语境。故选A项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Pessimism VS. Progress Faster, cheaper, better-technology is one field many people rely upon to offer a vision of a brighter future. As we move into the 2020s, however, 41 is in short supply. The new technologies 42 the past decade seem to mess up the things. Social media are better known for invading privacy and spreading fake news. E-commerce is 43 with underpaying workers and increasing inequality. Parents worry that smartphones have turned their children into screen-addicted zombies (僵尸). 44 , the technologies expected to dominate in the new decade also seem to be casting a dark shadow. Artificial intelligence (AI) may well threaten your job. Self-driving cars still do not work, but manage to kill people all the same. Internet giants have changed from talent 45 to outcasts (被排斥者). The New York Times sums up the gloom (无望). “A mood of pessimism,” it writes, has 46 “the idea of inevitable progress born in the scientific and industrial revolutions.” 47 that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good have arisen before. In the 1970s, the gloom was caused by concerns about overpopulation, environmental damage, and the prospect of nuclear disaster．The 1920s witnessed a boycott of cars, which had earlier been seen as a(n) 48 answer to the problem of horse-drawn vehicles which filled the streets with noise and dung, and caused congestion and accidents. Similarly, in the 19th century industrialization was greeted with 49 from socialists, who worried about the displacement of skilled workers. However, a wider sense of techno-pessimism can be 50 . Too often people focus on the drawbacks of a new technology, while taking its benefits for granted. Worries about screen time should be 51 the much more real benefits of instant communication and the easy access to information and entertainment that smartphones make possible. A further danger is something Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a “technology trap.” Fears that robots will 52 people’s jobs may motivate politicians to tax them, for example, to discourage their use. 53 , in the long run, countries that wish to maintain their standard of living as their workforce ages and shrinks will need more robots, not fewer. Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill. It is the 54 people make about it that shape the world. As a result, the techlash (技术抵制潮) is a necessary step in the adoption of important new technologies. At its best, it helps frame how society comes to terms with innovations and imposes rules and policies against their 55 potential. Healthy skepticism means that these questions are settled by a broad debate, not by a small group of technologists. 41．A．challenge B．optimism C．imagination D．knowledge 42．A．dominating B．spoiling C．featuring D．justifying 43．A．experimented B．charged C．loaded D．threatened 44．A．Undoubtedly B．Frustratingly C．Fortunately D．Importantly 45．A．spells B．rings C．magnets D．remedies 46．A．intensified B．mirrored C．replaced D．proved 47．A．Concerns B．Recommendations C．Notices D．Expectations 48．A．unnecessary B．commonplace C．practical D．miraculous 49．A．competition B．reform C．criticism D．applause 50．A．adjusted B．extended C．underestimated D．overdone 51．A．combined with B．substituted for C．weighed against D．compared to 52．A．steal B．facilitate C．guide D．assess 53．A．Likewise B．Furthermore C．However D．Therefore 54．A．assumptions B．comments C．choices D．warnings 55．A．suspicious B．disastrous C．commercial D．illegal 【答案】 41．B 42．A 43．B 44．B 45．C 46．C 47．A 48．D 49．C 50．D 51．C 52．A 53．C 54．C 55．B 【导语】这篇文章主要讨论了如今人们对科技充满悲观，历史上新技术也曾遭质疑，但这种悲观容易过度。技术本身无好坏，人类的选择决定其影响，合理质疑能约束技术的负面风险。 【详解】41．考查名词。句意：然而，当我们步入2020年代时，乐观情绪却日益稀少。A. challenge挑战；B. optimism乐观、乐观情绪；C. imagination想象力；D. knowledge知识。根据上文“Faster, cheaper, better-technology is one field many people rely upon to offer a vision of a brighter future.”提出科技本是 带来更光明未来”的领域，however表转折，说明进入21世纪20年代后，与 “光明未来”对应的积极情绪十分稀缺，optimism（乐观）与前文的 brighter future 形成逻辑对应。 42．考查动词。句意：过去十年主导的新技术似乎正在破坏一切。A. dominating主导、占主流；B. spoiling破坏、溺爱；C. featuring以……为特色；D. justifying证明……合理。根据下文“…the past decade seem to mess up the things”可知，过去十年主导的新技术似乎正在破坏一切。 43．考查动词。句意：电子商务则因欠薪工人、加剧不平等而备受争议。A. experimented做实验；B. charged指责、指控；C. loaded装满、充斥；D. threatened威胁。根据上文“Social media are better known for invading privacy and spreading fake news.”以及下文“underpaying workers and increasing inequality”可知，此处与前一句并列，分别阐述社交媒体、电商的负面问题，此处指电商被指责压榨薪资、加剧不平等，符合并列的负面评价逻辑。 44．考查副词。句意：令人沮丧的是，那些预计将在新世纪占据主导地位的技术，似乎也投下了一片阴暗的阴影。A. Undoubtedly毫无疑问地；B. Frustratingly    令人沮丧地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Importantly重要地。根据下文“the technologies expected to dominate in the new decade also seem to be casting a dark shadow”可知，前文讲完过去十年的技术已带来诸多问题，本句进一步指出“未来十年的核心技术同样投下阴影”，情绪上是递进的负面感受。 45．考查名词。句意：互联网巨头已从人才吸引地变成了被边缘化的群体。A. spells咒语，一段时间；B. rings戒指；C. magnets磁铁，有吸引力的事物；D. remedies疗法，补救措施。根据下文“The New York Times sums up the gloom (无望).”提到无望，可知，此处指的是互联网巨头已从人才吸引地变成了被边缘化的群体。 46．考查动词。句意：文章写道，“悲观情绪”已经取代了“科学和工业革命必然带来进步的观念”。A. intensified加强、加剧；B. mirrored反映、映照；C. replaced取代、替代；D. proved证明、证实。根据下文“the idea of inevitable progress born in the scientific and industrial revolutions”可知，过去工业革命时期人们认为“进步是必然的”，而当下弥漫悲观情绪，二者是新旧认知的替代关系，即悲观情绪已经取代了原有的“进步必然”信念。 47．考查名词。句意：类似担忧此前也曾出现过，人们曾对某些技术可能弊大于利表示忧虑。A. Concerns担忧、顾虑；B. Recommendations建议、推荐；C. Notices通知、公告；D. Expectations期待、预期。根据后文“In the 1970s, the gloom was caused by concerns about overpopulation, environmental damage, and the prospect of nuclear disaster…”分别列举 1970 年代、1920 年代、19 世纪人们对新技术的质疑与担忧，是对本句的举例论证，因此总起句的核心是“对技术弊大于利的担忧早已有之”。 48．考查形容词。句意：20世纪20年代曾出现抵制汽车的运动，而汽车此前被视为解决马车带来的噪音、粪便堆积、交通拥堵和事故问题的“奇迹性”方案。A. unnecessary不必要的；B. commonplace普通的、司空见惯的；C. practical实用的；D. miraculous神奇的、奇迹般的。根据上文“The 1920s witnessed a boycott of cars”以及下文“answer to the problem of horse-drawn vehicles which filled the streets with noise and dung, and caused congestion and accidents”可知，本句前后存在反差：后来汽车遭到抵制，但最初马车带来噪音、粪便、拥堵、事故等诸多问题，汽车被视为能解决所有问题的“神奇方案”。 49．考查名词。句意：同样，在19世纪，工业化遭到社会主义者的批评，他们担心技术将导致熟练工人的失业。A. competition竞争；B. reform改革；C. criticism批评、批判；D. applause掌声、赞许。根据下文“who worried about the displacement of skilled workers”提到社会主义者担忧熟练工人会被技术取代，可见他们对工业化持负面、批判的态度，criticism与后文的worried 逻辑一致。 50．考查动词。句意：然而，对技术悲观主义的过度关注也容易被夸大。A. adjusted调整；B. extended延伸、扩展；C. underestimated低估；D. overdone过度的、做得过火的。根据后文“Too often people focus on the drawbacks of a new technology, while taking its benefits for granted.”论证人们往往只关注新技术的弊端，却对其带来的益处习以为常，说明这种大范围的科技悲观情绪是“过度的、言过其实的”。 51．考查动词短语。句意：对于屏幕使用时间的担忧，应与即时通讯以及智能手机带来的信息和娱乐便捷等更实际的好处相权衡。A. combined with与……结合；B. substituted for替代……；C. weighed against与……权衡、掂量。D. compared to把……比作。根据下文“the much more real benefits of instant communication and the easy access to information and entertainment”可知，本段核心观点是不能只盯着技术的缺点忽略优点，需要将“对屏幕时长的担忧”与“智能手机的实际益处”进行权衡、掂量。 52．考查动词。句意：人们对机器人会抢走人类工作职位的恐惧，可能会促使政客对其进行征税，以抑制其使用。A. steal窃取、抢夺；B. facilitate促进、使便利；C. guide指导、引导；D. assess评估、评价。根据前文“Artificial intelligence (AI) may well threaten your job.”提到人工智能可能威胁人们的工作，此处承接“技术取代人力”的普遍担忧，steal one’s job 是地道表达，意为“抢走某人的工作”。 53．考查副词。句意：然而，从长远来看，随着劳动力老龄化和减少，希望维持生活水平的国家将需要更多的机器人，而不是更少。A. Likewise同样地；B. Furthermore此外、而且；C. However然而、但是；D. Therefore因此。根据前文“to discourage their use”说人们因担忧就业而想要限制机器人，以及下文“in the long run, countries that wish to maintain their standard of living as their workforce ages and shrinks will need more robots, not fewer.”指出“从长远看，老龄化的劳动力结构反而需要更多机器人”，前后为明显的转折逻辑。 54．考查名词。句意：人们如何选择使用这些技术，决定了世界的走向。A. assumptions假设、假定；B. comments评论；C. choices选择；D. warnings警告。根据上文“Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill.”点明“技术本身无善恶，既可以造福也可以为祸”，因此真正塑造世界的是人们如何使用技术、做出怎样的选择。 55．考查形容词。句意：在最好的情况下，它有助于引导社会应对创新，并制定规则和政策以防范其可能带来的灾难性后果。A. suspicious可疑的、怀疑的；B. disastrous灾难性的、极有害的；C. commercial商业的；D. illegal非法的。根据上文“and imposes rules and policies against their…”可知，社会制定规则与政策，目的是约束技术的负面影响、防范其潜在的灾难性危害，disastrous对应全文提到的各类技术弊端与风险。 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When we think of great scientists, names like Einstein or Newton often come to mind. However, history is filled with brilliant women 56 discoveries have shaped our world — yet their stories are less known. One 57 (shine) example is Marie Curie, a Polish-born physicist and chemist. She was the first woman and the only person 58 (win) a Nobel Prize in two 59 (science) fields: Physics and Chemistry. Her pioneering research on radioactivity not only introduced a new term into science but also led to cancer treatments that save millions of lives today. 60 facing harsh criticism because of her gender, she remained dedicated to her work. Another remarkable figure is Tu Youyou, a Chinese pharmaceutical chemist. 61 (refer) to the ancient Chinese medical books, she designed the experiments and discovered artemisinin, a drug that has dramatically reduced death rates from malaria, one of the 62 (dead) diseases in human history. She and her team managed to find solutions 63 various problems with limited research resources. For this achievement, she 64 (award) the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. These women overcame social barriers, lack of funding, and skepticism. They proved that science has no gender 65 only curiosity, persistence, and courage. Their stories encourage all students, especially young girls, to pursue careers in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics). 【答案】 56．whose 57．shining 58．to win/to have won 59．scientific 60．Despite/When/While/Though/Although 61．Referring /Having referred 62．deadliest/most deadly/deadly 63．to 64．was awarded 65．but 【导语】主要介绍居里夫人与屠呦呦两位杰出女性科学家的科研成就，讲述她们冲破性别偏见、资源匮乏等阻碍取得重大突破，证明科学不分性别，并激励年轻人投身理工科领域。 【详解】56．考查定语从句。句意：然而，历史上有许多杰出女性，她们的发现重塑了我们的世界，可她们的事迹却鲜为人知。此处为限制性定语从句，先行词brilliant women指人，关系词在从句中作名词discoveries的定语，表所属关系，用关系代词whose。 57．考查非谓语动词。句意：一个耀眼的例子便是玛丽·居里，一位出生于波兰的物理学家与化学家。此处非谓语动词作前置定语修饰example，shine与逻辑主语example之间是主动关系，用现在分词shining，意为“耀眼的、出色的”。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：她是第一位、也是唯一一位在物理与化学两大科学领域均斩获诺贝尔奖的人。名词被the only修饰时，后置定语只能用动词不定式；此处既可表动作发生在主句谓语之后，所以此处为to win；也可强调动作已完成，所以此处为to have won。 59．考查形容词。句意：她是第一位、也是唯一一位在物理与化学两大科学领域均斩获诺贝尔奖的人。此处修饰名词fields，需要形容词作定语，science对应的形容词scientific，意为“科学的”。 60．考查连词/介词。句意：尽管因性别遭受严苛非议，她仍全身心投入研究。此处引导让步逻辑，空后为动名词，所以此处可为介词despite；也可为连词when/while/though/although引导省略主语与be动词的让步状语从句，位于句首单词首字母需大写。 61．考查非谓语动词。句意：参考中国古代医籍，她设计实验并发现了青蒿素，这种药物大幅降低疟疾致死率，疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。此处非谓语动词作状语，refer与逻辑主语she之间是主动关系，用现在分词referring；也可强调“查阅古籍”发生在设计实验之前，用现在分词的完成式having referred，位于句首单词首字母需大写。 62．考查形容词最高级。句意：参考中国古代医籍，她设计实验并发现了青蒿素，这种药物大幅降低疟疾致死率，疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。固定结构one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数，dead对应的形容词deadly意为“致命的”，此处使用其最高级为deadliest，也可用most deadly；deadly作形容词原级也可用于此处语境。 63．考查介词。句意：她和团队在科研资源有限的情况下，成功找到各类难题的解决办法。固定搭配solutions to problems，意为“难题的解决方法”，此处为介词to。 64．考查动词时态与语态。句意：凭借这一成就，她于2015年被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。主语she与award之间是被动关系，时间状语in 2015表过去，使用一般过去时被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was awarded。 65．考查连词。句意：她们证明科学无关性别，只关乎好奇心、毅力与勇气。前后两个分句为转折对比逻辑，固定结构not...but...，意为“不是……而是……”，用并列连词but。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，请写一段话介绍一位著名人物的贡献及其对社会的积极影响。 词数：80词左右。 要求包含以下核心词汇（可变形）：achieve great success, make remarkable contributions, win worldwide fame, promote social progress, create great value, a great figure, role model, timeless influence ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】       Yuan Longping is a great figure who is deeply respected across the globe. He achieved great success in hybrid rice research and made remarkable contributions to ending hunger worldwide. His work has created great value for humanity and greatly promoted social progress, helping him win worldwide fame. He has become an inspiring role model for young people. His dedication and noble character exert a timeless influence, encouraging us to strive for dreams and serve society with all our hearts. 【导语】要求考生以李华的名义写一段话介绍一位著名人物的贡献及其对社会的积极影响。 【详解】1.词汇积累 促进：promote→boost 奉献：dedication→commitment 全心全意：with all our hearts→heart and soul 杰出的，卓越的：remarkable→extraordinary/distinguished 2.句式拓展 合并句子： 原句：Yuan Longping is a great figure who is deeply respected across the globe. He achieved great success in hybrid rice research and made remarkable contributions to ending hunger worldwide. 拓展句： Yuan Longping, a great figure who is deeply respected across the globe, achieved great success in hybrid rice research and made remarkable contributions to ending hunger worldwide. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Yuan Longping is a great figure who is deeply respected across the globe.（运用了who引导定语从句） 【高分句型2】His work has created great value for humanity and greatly promoted social progress, helping him win worldwide fame.（运用了现在分词helping作状语） 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料：根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Gabriel had always been fascinated by robots. His mother, however, did not think much of it. She often criticized him, urging him to focus on his schoolwork instead of those“ useless machines”, as she called them. She wanted him to spend more time on his books, and less time lost in the world of robotics. He, however, always worked quietly on parts, trying to create inventions that could solve everyday problems. One day, Gabriel came back from school, bursting through the front door, holding a shining award in his hand. The gas detection robot he had built for months had just won first place in the regional competition. His heart raced as he imagined his mother would be proud this time. “Mom! Look! I won!” he cried. His mother, standing at the kitchen counter, looked briefly. She sighed, “That’s nice, Gabriel, but I still don’t see what good it will do you. It’s not going to help you with your grades or get you into college. You need to focus on something more practical.” Her voice showed no interest. Gabriel remained quiet, determined to prove that what he was doing had value. One evening, as the delicious smell of dinner floated through the house, an unexpected danger was quietly closing. Gabriel’s mother had been busy in the kitchen but had forgotten to turn off the gas. Unaware of the coming threat, she had wandered into the living room, settling down comfortably in front of the TV. The gas continued to escape, silently filling the air. The house was on the edge of a disaster. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, a loud alarm rang through the house. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gabriel’s mother held the robot gently in her arms, waiting for Gabriel to get back from school. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Suddenly, a loud alarm rang through the house. Gabriel’s gas detection robot had sensed the leak and sprung into action. The shrill sound jolted his mother from her TV reverie, her heart pounding as she realized the danger they were in. Quickly, she rushed to the kitchen, turned off the gas, and opened all the windows to let the fresh air disperse the dangerous fumes. As the alarm ceased, she stood there, breathing a sigh of relief, suddenly understanding the significance of Gabriel’s invention. It wasn’t just a toy or a useless machine; it was a lifesaver. Gabriel’s mother held the robot gently in her arms, waiting for Gabriel to get back from school. She couldn’t wait to tell him how his creation had prevented a potential tragedy. When Gabriel finally walked through the door, his mother greeted him with tears in her eyes and a smile on her face. “Gabriel, you were right,” she said, hugging him tightly. “This robot isn’t just a hobby; it’s something that can protect us, make our lives safer. I’m sorry I didn’t see it before.” Gabriel’s heart swelled with pride and joy. From that day on, his mother became his biggest supporter, encouraging him to pursue his passion for robotics and recognizing the value of his inventions in making the world a better, safer place. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Gabriel热爱机器人却遭母亲反对，他默默努力终获机器人比赛一等奖，但母亲仍不以为意。某晚，家中煤气泄漏，母亲却全然不知。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“突然，一声响亮的警报响彻了整个房子。”可知，第一段可描写Gabriel的机器人检测到煤气泄漏并发出警报，母亲因此意识到危险并采取行动。 ②由第二段首句内容“Gabriel的妈妈轻轻地把机器人抱在怀里，等着Gabriel从学校回来。”可知，第二段可描写母亲对Gabriel的机器人态度转变，向Gabriel道歉并表达支持。 2.续写线索：机器人发出警报——母亲意识到煤气泄漏——母亲关闭煤气并打开窗户——母亲等待Gabriel回家——母亲向Gabriel道歉并表达支持 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①意识到：realize/become aware/come to realize ②拥抱：hug/embrace ③等待：wait for/await 情绪类 ①如释重负：breathe a sigh of relief/feel relieved ②快乐：joy/happiness/delight 【点睛】[高分句型1] The shrill sound jolted his mother from her TV reverie, her heart pounding as she realized the danger they were in.(运用了独立主格结构和从属连词as引导时间状语从句和省略关系代词的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Gabriel’s mother held the robot gently in her arms, waiting for Gabriel to get back from school.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语) [高分句型3] When Gabriel finally walked through the door, his mother greeted him with tears in her eyes and a smile on her face.(运用了从属连词when引导时间状语从句) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $听力考试正式开始。Maggie, what would you like to eat for lunch today? Eggs or beef stakes? In fact, I have been a vegetating recently. How about a salad? It's up to you. Maggie, what would you like to eat for lunch today? Hamburgers or beef stakes? In fact, I have been a vegetating recently. How about a . salad is up to you? Listen to the next question. Another language disappeared last week, but I feel . that would be easier for people to communicate with fewer languages. That's true, but each loss of languages removed its history and culture. Hopefully, digital records can preserve some lost languages. Another language disappeared last week, but I feel . that would be easier for people to communicate with fewer languages. That's true, but each loss of languages removes its history and culture. Hopefully, digital records can preserve some lost language. Listen to the next question. Steve. I've heard that you're working on a flying ambuLance. I only saw that inside vi movies. Yes, the ambuLances sometimes get stuck in the traffic jam. Flying ambuLances won't have that problem. They'll be able to fly straight to the accident and take care of people who are hurt. Listen to the next question. Hello, sander service, Lucy speaking, anything I can do for you? Oh, i'm just turning my air conditioner on, but IT does not work. Don't worry, i'll send a person to check IT. What's your address? R. Listen to the next question. An internet company announced a new technology called smart reply at its yearly conference last . what . is IT is a new feature which makes IT easier to enter emails. Listen to the next question. So get this. There is now a mac museum. What do you mean? This boy and . his father are showing two hundred apple computers in an old library that they turned into the main technology museum. There is a computer for one thousand seventy six that still works. I didn't even know that computers were made before nineteen and eighty. There are fewer than seventy of those ones left, and they're selling for around nine hundred thousand dollars on the internet. What else do they have? Something called an apple lisa. Two, five. Lisa is the daughter of Steve jobs, the founder of apple. There is also a power book, one hundred, which is said to be the . first laptop. Wow, i'd love to go to see them all. So get this. There is now a mac museum. What do you mean? This boy and his . father are showing two hundred apple computers in an old library that they turned into the main technology museum. There is a computer from nineteen seventy six that still works. I didn't even know that computers were made before one thousand and eighty. There are fewer than seventy of those ones left, and they're selling for around nine hundred thousand dollars on the internet. What else do they have? Something called an apple lisa. Two, five. Lisa is the daughter of Steve jobs, the founder of apple. There is also a power book, one hundred, which is said to be the . first laptop. Wow, i'd love to go to see them all. Listen to the next question. Wow, cool websites. I've been designing . IT for months and it's nearly complete. What is IT for? Not for fun, really. It'll be a public site where people can share ideas, you know, like minded people. I want to a launch IT . next week. How much testing have you done? Any feedback? My husband loves IT, but he said it's still not very user friendly. I guess I still need to make a few changes. I'm happy to be your ginny pig when you're ready. Oh, thank you, alan. You're such a good classmate. Wow, cool websites. I've been . designing IT for months and it's nearly complete. What is IT for? Not for fun, really. It'll be a public site where people can share ideas, you know, like minded people. I want to launch IT next week. How much . testing have you done? Any feedback? My husband loves IT, but he said it's still not very user friendly. I guess I still need to make a few changes. I'm happy to be your ginny pig when you're ready. Oh, thank you, alan. You're such a good classmate. Listen to the next question. John, I heard you made a nice speech at school. How did you improve your public speaking skills? O, it's thanks to ted, the APP of ted. You are right, Alice. This free APP is very useful. IT has collected more than seven hundred talks from the world's most famous thinkers, leader's artist eeta. I can watch talks by subject and download them to watch offline. There's a short introduction for each talk, so I can get the main . idea in advance. IT seems that fine learning apps are . really great. absolutely. They show me a new way . of learning. Wow, I think you must be familiar with online study tools. Which APP do you think is the best for your school work? Besides ted, I often use kon academy. This APP allows me to learn almost anything for free. IT covers many subjects. The real magic of an academy is that IT allows me to create my own learning plan. That's great. I'm going to download those apps right now. Thanks for your sharing, john. I heard you made a nice speech at school. How did you improve your public speaking skills? O it's . thanks to ted. the APP of ted. You are right, Alice. This free APP is very useful. IT has collected more than seven hundred talks from the world's most famous thinkers, leaders, artist eta. I can watch talks by subject and download them to watch offline. There's a short introduction for each talk, so I can get the main idea in advance. IT seems that online learning apps are . really great. absolutely. They show me a new . way of learning. wow. I think you must be familiar with online study tools, which APP do you think is the best for your school work? Besides ted, I often use kon academy. This APP allows me to learn almost anything for free. IT covers many subjects. The real magic of can academy is that IT allows me to create my own learning plan. That's great. I'm going to download those apps right now. Thanks for your sharing. Listen to the next question. Good morning. I understand that you've got a problem with your washing machine. Yes, I called you yesterday. Come in, please. The washing machine is in the bathroom upstairs. IT keeps breaking down. When did you first break down? About five days ago, i've tried to use IT since then, sometimes IT works and sometimes IT doesn't. It's very annoying. If I can't fix IT, IT would be quicker and easier to exchange IT for a new one . I see over the last few weeks. It's also been making an awful noise when . it's in use. Okay, i'll start by looking at the motor. Oh yes, there is the problem. I'll sort IT out in a few minutes. What's wrong . with IT part of the motor's lose? I can put IT back in place quite easily. Look, it's okay now. Thanks a lot. Would you like a cup of tea, coffee? No, thanks. But i'm afraid you have to pay fifteen . dollars for IT. That's okay. Good morning. I understand that you've got a problem with your washing machine. Yes, I called you yesterday. Come in, please. The washing machine is in the bathroom upstairs. IT keeps breaking down. When did you first break down . about five days ago? I've tried to use IT since then. Sometimes IT works and sometimes IT doesn't. It's very annoying. If I can't fix IT, IT would be quicker and easier to exchange IT for a new one . I see over the last few weeks. It's also been making an awful noise when . it's in use. Okay, i'll start by looking at the motor. Oh yes, there is the problem. I'll sort IT out in a few minutes. What's wrong with IT? Part of the motor's lose. I can put IT back in place quite easily. Look, it's okay now. Thanks a lot. Would you like a cup of tea. coffee? No, thanks. But i'm afraid you have to pay fifteen . dollars for IT. That's okay. Listen to the next question. The history of plastic is no longer than you might expect. In fact, the first man made plastic was made over a hundred years ago. IT was discovered both by englishman and in american in the same year. But IT was the american who first developed on a large scale during the eighteen sixties. Everybody was excited by this new material. Because IT was so cheap, poor workers were able to buy plastic colors. These plastic collars were hard and uncomfortable, but they were easy to wash. The poor workers could clean them every evening with just soap and water. Poor mothers who had not been able to afford the toys for their children, we are now able to buy inexpensive ones, made a plastic. However, plastic has one serious fault. Some kinds of plastic can catch fire very easily. And when they do, a poisonous gas is produced. What's worse, plastic takes a very long time to break down, so that causes serious pollution. We now use the term White pollution to refer the plastic pollution. The history of plastic is no longer than you might expect. In fact, the first man made plastic was made over a hundred years ago. IT was discovered both by an englishman and an american in the same year, but IT was the american who first developed on a large scale during the eighteen sixties. Everybody was excited by this new material because I was so cheap. Poor workers were able to buy plastic collars. These plastic collars were hard and uncomfortable, but they were easy to wash. The poor workers could clean them every evening with just soap and water. Poor mothers who had not been able to afford the toys for their children when I able to buy inexpensive ones, made a plastic. However, plastic has one serious fault. Some kinds of plastic can catch fire very easily. And when they do, a poisonous gas is produced. What's worse, plastic takes a very long time to break down, so that causes serious pollution. We now use the term White pollution to refer the plastic pollution. 听力部分到此结束。 2026-2027学年高一英语选择性必修第二册单元测试 （浙江专用） Unit 1·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分1.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1.What will the speakers eat for lunch? A．Hamburgers. B．Beefsteaks. C．A salad. 2．How can a lost language be preserved? A．By using digital records. B．By keeping its history. C．By communicating more. 3．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Traffic accidents. B．Flying ambulances. C．Sci-fi movies. 4．Where does the conversation take place? A．In a TV station. B．In a repair shop. C．Over the phone. 5．What is the new technology for? A．Video games. B．Pictures. C．E-mails. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What are the speakers mainly discussing? A．A computer museum. B．Advances in computer technology. C．A library with examples of old technology. 7．What is the PowerBook 100? A．A $700,000 computer. B．A machine from 1976. C．The original portable computer. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What can we know about the woman’s website? A．It’s for fun. B．It has been finished. C．It’s an idea-sharing website. 9．What’s the relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Workmates. C．Teacher and student. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．How did the man improve his public speaking skills? A．By watching free speeches. B．By talking to famous leaders. C．By taking online courses. 11．What does the man like best about Khan Academy (可汗学院)? A．It doesn’t cost anything. B．It covers many subjects. C．It lets him make his own plan. 12．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Some useful apps. B．An excellent speech. C．Some famous artists. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．When did the washing machine first break down? A．A few weeks ago. B．About five days ago. C．Yesterday. 14．What does the man think of the problem? A．Annoying. B．Difficult. C．Easy. 15．How does the man deal with the washing machine? A．He changes a new motor. B．He replaces it for a new one. C．He puts the motor back in place. 16．What will the woman do next? A．Pay for the repairs. B．Have something to drink. C．Check the machine. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Who first developed plastic on a large scale? A．A Frenchman. B．An Englishman. C．An American. 18．What was the advantage of plastic collars? A．They didn’t wear out easily. B．They were easy to wash. C．They were comfortable. 19．Why were the plastic toys a good idea for some mothers? A．They were colorful. B．They were cheap. C．Kids preferred them. 20．What is talked about at the end of the speech? A．The excitement caused by plastic. B．Different uses of plastic. C．The harmful side of plastic. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A SpotOver 1,000 of these yellow robots, Spot, are already checking factories and power plants. And now the New York City Fire Department is starting to use the dog-like devices for search-and-rescue missions. In April 2024, a Spot surveyed the remains of a collapsed car park that was considered too unstable for fire crews to enter. Spot can also send back video footage, carry up to 14 kg and when fitted with an add-on “arm”, open doors and press switches. Lightning SwarmInspired by fireflies, these robots are tiny and can give out light in various colours. The scientists intend the robots to use their lights to signal to and track each other: a low-power communication strategy for a lightweight robot. “We envision sending hundreds or more of these tiny flying robots into a disaster site, and having them collectively search for survivors,” says MIT robotics engineer Prof Kevin Chen. “Once a survivor is found, they’ll pass the information out to the operators.” Trail BlazersAt the Bajiao Firc Rescue Station, in Yantai, northeast China. a firefighter tests out a fire-fighting robot. For a few years, China has been promoting the technology, which allows human firefighters to stay safely outside the danger zone while controlling robot firefighters to put out fires at chemical plants and in subways. One major advantage of this approach is fire resistance — Trail Blazers can work at temperatures of 1,000℃ for over 30 mins. RoosterThanks to its clever design, Rooster can roll across surfaces or fly around to examine almost any type of disaster site, moving through narrow passages and windows, or over obstacles and up or down staircases. Designed to assist in search operations, the robot uses cameras and sensors to scan a space, so that rescuers don’t need to enter dangerous areas. Rooster can also communicate with search teams and other robots via a radio link. 21．Which robots can work in the air? A．Spot and Trail Blazers. B．Spot and Lightning Swarm. C．Rooster and Trail Blazers. D．Rooster and Lightning Swarm. 22．What do these robots have in common? A．They can send radio signals. B．They are fitted with cameras. C．They can help conduct rescues. D．They are modelled after animals. 23．This passage is probably from ______. A．a science magazine B．a test report C．an operating handbook D．a modern fiction B The seemingly lifeless Arctic water below the ice near Northern Finland has a temperature only slightly above 0 ℃. But some people are about to jump down there to venture under the ice. Sophie Kalkowski-Pope is one of the divers preparing to visit this strange, upside-down world where she will swim below a ceiling of smooth ice. The marine biology graduate is part of an ice-diving training party that has gathered here. It’s so freezing that even with thermal clothing and special gloves, divers find it hard to use their hands after just 30 minutes underwater. There are other dangers, too, so strict safety rules are in place. Divers are tied to the surface, using a safety rope, with a handler on the surface communicating with the diver via rope signals. One tug for “OK”, two tugs for “stop”, three for “come back”. Scientists, driven to understand the changes unfolding here, are going to extremes to carry out their fieldwork. Some are learning ice diving techniques, so that they may observe underwater Arctic ecosystems and document the quickening disappearance of the ice. Their short and sometimes dangerous expeditions are revealing the secrets of a rapidly melting world. By studying changes in sea ice, scientists are able to gain a better understanding of how quickly climate change is unfolding. Ice diving, in particular, allows researchers to collect first-hand data on ice thickness, density (密度) and movement as well as water temperatures and salinity. The polar regions also have unique plants and animals adapted to living in extremely cold conditions, and some of these organisms are visible during ice dives. “Climate change is progressing at such a rate that decisions are sometimes not made with the latest available scientific knowledge. This is a problem. We need to keep science at the forefront,” said Sophie. But there is also the exciting attraction of fieldwork like this — going to places where few humans can, in order to document our planet a little better. That keeps researchers like her returning to the dark world under the ice. “There is, of course, also an element of adventure that drives us,” she added. 24．What is the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 1? A．To draw readers’ attention. B．To state the topic of the text. C．To highlight researchers’ hardship. D．To show a strange party for graduates. 25．Why do some researchers learn to dive under ice? A．To test warm diving equipment. B．To track rapid environmental shifts. C．To experience adventurous fieldwork. D．To study creatures in the cold-water sea. 26．Which word can best describe Sophie? A．Fearless. B．Cautious. C．Demanding. D．Mysterious. 27．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Fast Disappearance of Arctic Sea Ice B．A Scientific Mission Below the Freezing Point C．A Way to Find Out Secret s Under the Arctic Ice D．The Dangers of Arctic Ice Diving for Researchers C Yang Zhenning, born on October 1, 1922 in Hefei City, Anhui Province, is a Chinese physicist who made significant contributions. In 1935, he told his parents his ambition to “win the Nobel Prize one day,” a childlike “bold statement” that later became a reality in 1957, becoming one of the first two Chinese Nobel Prize winners. In 1945, he went to the US as a Tsinghua sponsored student. Three years later, he got his PhD at the University of Chicago, guided by his idol Professor Enrico Fermi. Recommended by Fermi, he entered Princeton Institute for Advanced Study in 1949 and started brilliant academic research. Although he lived in abroad, he always cared about his motherland. Learning that China’s atomic bomb was developed independently, he was deeply moved to tears. He gave lectures and speeches, causing an increase of Chinese scholars visiting China. In 1980, he established the “Committee on Scholarly Exchange with China,” sponsoring nearly 100 Chinese scholars to study in the United States over more than a decade. These scholars later became the backbone of China’s scientific and technological development. In 1999, shortly after retiring, Yang Zhenning came back to Tsinghua University as a full-time professor. He spent the next years raising money to set up the Institute for Advanced Study Foundation, which now helps young scientists work on mathematics, theoretical physics and cold-atom research. Even past eighty he taught General Physics to first-year students, rewrote his lecture notes and held weekly problem sessions. “Returning to Tsinghua is the most important choice of my later life,” he once said. Though Professor Yang has passed away, his spirit lives on in every lab and in the growing number of Chinese students who choose to explore science at home. 28．At what age did Yang win the Nobel Prize? A．10 B．13 C．23 D．35 29．The author mentions the “Committee on Scholarly Exchange with China” mainly to show that Yang Zhenning ________. A．intended to reform China’s education system B．sought a business bridge between China and U.S. C．inspired young Chinese researchers to U.S. labs for training D．dreamed of building a U.S. university branch in our country 30．What does the paragraph 5 mainly emphasize about Yang Zhenning? A．He built a large technology park in Beijing. B．He raised funds for exhibition on mathematics. C．He stopped doing research once he turned eighty. D．He continued contributing to Tsinghua after retirement. 31．Which words can best describe Yang Zhenning? A．Intelligent and odd. B．Ambitious and patriotic. C．Romantic and determined. D．Honest and warm-hearted. D Drones (无人机) already fly and spy. Now, they can build too. A pair of drones working together made a tower taller than a person. Engineers demonstrated this new method of 3D printing in the lab. Mirko Kovac, who co-led the research, says that animal builders, bees, inspired him. They shared their success in Nature on September 22. To print that person-sized tower, a Build-Drone carried expanding foam (泡沫). This material rapidly expands and hardens when sprayed (喷洒). The drone flew in a slow circle, spraying the foam downwards to form layers. When it ran out of material, it flew away so a person could reload it with more foam or replace the drone’s batteries. This type of foam tends to thicken unevenly. So, while a Build-Drone was being reloaded, a second, smaller drone surveyed the work. It was called Scan-Drone. It looked for places where the last layer was too thin or thick. Then it created a plan for the next layer to help even things out. This kept the tower straight and strong. “This was an impressive demonstration,” says Andrea Tagliabue, who wasn’t involved in the research. As a graduate student in robotics at MIT, Tagliabue works on control systems for drones. However, he notes that the researchers still have challenges left to solve before 3D printing drones are useful in the real world. “Since these drones built structures inside a lab, they didn’t have to contend with wind or other outdoor disturbances. Also, cameras placed around the room could help track the drones’ position s and send them along the correct paths. Outdoors, the drones would have to navigate without this extra help,” says Tagliabue. Kovac is already planning to do tests outdoors. He also plans to build more complex structures. He believes that drones can work together like bees in the future, and they will construct buildings or make repairs in places that are tough for human crews and heavy machinery to reach. “That may include disaster areas, the tops of tall buildings or even other planets,” Kovac says. “There’s a lot of interest in building on Mars with robots.” 32．How did the drones make the tower stay straight? A．They used hard and strong material. B．They sprayed the foam downwards. C．They cooperated in keeping a balance in layer thickness. D．They thickened layers by adding more and more foam. 33．What does the underlined phrase “contend with” mean in paragraph 3? A．Rule out. B．Compete with. C．Give out. D．Deal with. 34．What does Kovac think about the Build-Drones? A．They are full of promise. B．They are widely in use now. C．They can’t replace humans. D．They can’t do complex tasks. 35．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．Drones Can Think and Learn like People B．Drones Work Together to Print Structures C．3D Printing Will Change the Business World D．3D Printing: Everything You Need to Know 第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Tourists walking along Australia’s Sunshine Coast now find an unusual souvenir (纪念品) shop. Instead of plastic toys, shelves are filled with sandcastle kits made from dried seaweed. These earth-friendly molds (模具) create temporary sculptures. 36 The “Ocean Shapes” company makes these special kits. Each $15 set includes three toys that break down naturally and are shaped like sea turtles, starfish, and seashells, plus a small digging tool. Their website says: “ 37 Watch them return to the sea. This is how vacation memories should disappear.” Bright green packaging shows children building a sandcastle that slowly disappears with the waves. “Every kit sold funds beach clean-up programs,” says the company’s boss, a former surfing star. Sunshine Coast’s white beaches attract millions yearly. 38 Last year, volunteers picked up over 12 tons of rubbish left by visitors just during Christmas. Old plastic beach toys make up 40% of this waste, taking 500 years to break down. Broken tools often hurt sea animals that think they’re food. 39 For twenty years, scientists have tried using seaweed instead of plastic. They boil seaweed into thick liquid, and then press it into shapes. Old versions had bad smells, but new methods remove them while keeping the material strong. Mayor Tom Carter likes the idea but says, “We ask visitors to buy local honey or handmade hats. Our surf schools now offer seaweed toys for free to make less waste. If you buy them and they don’t disappear fully, take the pieces away. 40 ” Next summer, his team will add bright yellow seaweed recycling boxes shaped like dolphins on busy beaches. A．The ocean isn’t a rubbish bin. B．Play with nature, not against it. C．Keep the material strong enough for play. D．Seaweed products are not completely new. E．You have to return the seaweed toys in advance. F．They can break down in the ocean within hours, not polluting it. G．Famous for clear water and surfing, this area has growing plastic problems. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Pessimism VS. Progress Faster, cheaper, better-technology is one field many people rely upon to offer a vision of a brighter future. As we move into the 2020s, however, 41 is in short supply. The new technologies 42 the past decade seem to mess up the things. Social media are better known for invading privacy and spreading fake news. E-commerce is 43 with underpaying workers and increasing inequality. Parents worry that smartphones have turned their children into screen-addicted zombies (僵尸). 44 , the technologies expected to dominate in the new decade also seem to be casting a dark shadow. Artificial intelligence (AI) may well threaten your job. Self-driving cars still do not work, but manage to kill people all the same. Internet giants have changed from talent 45 to outcasts (被排斥者). The New York Times sums up the gloom (无望). “A mood of pessimism,” it writes, has 46 “the idea of inevitable progress born in the scientific and industrial revolutions.” 47 that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good have arisen before. In the 1970s, the gloom was caused by concerns about overpopulation, environmental damage, and the prospect of nuclear disaster．The 1920s witnessed a boycott of cars, which had earlier been seen as a(n) 48 answer to the problem of horse-drawn vehicles which filled the streets with noise and dung, and caused congestion and accidents. Similarly, in the 19th century industrialization was greeted with 49 from socialists, who worried about the displacement of skilled workers. However, a wider sense of techno-pessimism can be 50 . Too often people focus on the drawbacks of a new technology, while taking its benefits for granted. Worries about screen time should be 51 the much more real benefits of instant communication and the easy access to information and entertainment that smartphones make possible. A further danger is something Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a “technology trap.” Fears that robots will 52 people’s jobs may motivate politicians to tax them, for example, to discourage their use. 53 , in the long run, countries that wish to maintain their standard of living as their workforce ages and shrinks will need more robots, not fewer. Any powerful technology can be used for good or ill. It is the 54 people make about it that shape the world. As a result, the techlash (技术抵制潮) is a necessary step in the adoption of important new technologies. At its best, it helps frame how society comes to terms with innovations and imposes rules and policies against their 55 potential. Healthy skepticism means that these questions are settled by a broad debate, not by a small group of technologists. 41．A．challenge B．optimism C．imagination D．knowledge 42．A．dominating B．spoiling C．featuring D．justifying 43．A．experimented B．charged C．loaded D．threatened 44．A．Undoubtedly B．Frustratingly C．Fortunately D．Importantly 45．A．spells B．rings C．magnets D．remedies 46．A．intensified B．mirrored C．replaced D．proved 47．A．Concerns B．Recommendations C．Notices D．Expectations 48．A．unnecessary B．commonplace C．practical D．miraculous 49．A．competition B．reform C．criticism D．applause 50．A．adjusted B．extended C．underestimated D．overdone 51．A．combined with B．substituted for C．weighed against D．compared to 52．A．steal B．facilitate C．guide D．assess 53．A．Likewise B．Furthermore C．However D．Therefore 54．A．assumptions B．comments C．choices D．warnings 55．A．suspicious B．disastrous C．commercial D．illegal 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When we think of great scientists, names like Einstein or Newton often come to mind. However, history is filled with brilliant women 56 discoveries have shaped our world — yet their stories are less known. One 57 (shine) example is Marie Curie, a Polish-born physicist and chemist. She was the first woman and the only person 58 (win) a Nobel Prize in two 59 (science) fields: Physics and Chemistry. Her pioneering research on radioactivity not only introduced a new term into science but also led to cancer treatments that save millions of lives today. 60 facing harsh criticism because of her gender, she remained dedicated to her work. Another remarkable figure is Tu Youyou, a Chinese pharmaceutical chemist. 61 (refer) to the ancient Chinese medical books, she designed the experiments and discovered artemisinin, a drug that has dramatically reduced death rates from malaria, one of the 62 (dead) diseases in human history. She and her team managed to find solutions 63 various problems with limited research resources. For this achievement, she 64 (award) the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015. These women overcame social barriers, lack of funding, and skepticism. They proved that science has no gender 65 only curiosity, persistence, and courage. Their stories encourage all students, especially young girls, to pursue careers in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics). 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，请写一段话介绍一位著名人物的贡献及其对社会的积极影响。 词数：80词左右。 要求包含以下核心词汇（可变形）：achieve great success, make remarkable contributions, win worldwide fame, promote social progress, create great value, a great figure, role model, timeless influence ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料：根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Gabriel had always been fascinated by robots. His mother, however, did not think much of it. She often criticized him, urging him to focus on his schoolwork instead of those“ useless machines”, as she called them. She wanted him to spend more time on his books, and less time lost in the world of robotics. He, however, always worked quietly on parts, trying to create inventions that could solve everyday problems. One day, Gabriel came back from school, bursting through the front door, holding a shining award in his hand. The gas detection robot he had built for months had just won first place in the regional competition. His heart raced as he imagined his mother would be proud this time. “Mom! Look! I won!” he cried. His mother, standing at the kitchen counter, looked briefly. She sighed, “That’s nice, Gabriel, but I still don’t see what good it will do you. It’s not going to help you with your grades or get you into college. You need to focus on something more practical.” Her voice showed no interest. Gabriel remained quiet, determined to prove that what he was doing had value. One evening, as the delicious smell of dinner floated through the house, an unexpected danger was quietly closing. Gabriel’s mother had been busy in the kitchen but had forgotten to turn off the gas. Unaware of the coming threat, she had wandered into the living room, settling down comfortably in front of the TV. The gas continued to escape, silently filling the air. The house was on the edge of a disaster. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150 左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly, a loud alarm rang through the house. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gabriel’s mother held the robot gently in her arms, waiting for Gabriel to get back from school. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $