Unit1 Science and Scientists 单元模拟测评卷-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第二册

Unit . one单元测评第一部分听力。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。Will you go hiking with me this coming weekend? Sorry, I am planning to volunteer to direct traffic with my classmates. Are you going somewhere? Yes, i'm off to the department store. I must buy some furniture for my new flat. The car is very nice. Did you buy IT last month? No, I rented IT for a holiday last week. Believe IT or not, my own car, which I bought a year ago, is Better than this one. Tell us about yourself. And after I graduated . from university in two thousand and date, I worked as a tourist guide for two years before I found my present job as a teacher. John looks unhappy. What is he worried about . his job interview? I guess . really I should go into chat with him. 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。What will the weather be like tomorrow? I can't hear the man clearly on the radio. He says it'll turn fine. Tomorrow is a fine day to go cycling. That's great. IT has been raining for days. We can finally go out for fun. yes. But he also says, it'll rain again the day after tomorrow. I just cannot believe IT. I want to play football with my friends this weekend. Now I guess I have to stay indoors reading books just as I do these days. What will the weather be like tomorrow? I can't hear the man clearly on the radio. He says it'll turn fine. Tomorrow is a fine day to go cycling. That's great. IT has been raining for days. We can finally go out for fun. Yes, but he also says it'll rain again the day after tomorrow. I just cannot believe IT. I want to play football with my friends this weekend. Now I guess I have to stay indoors reading books just as I do these days. 听下面一段对话，回答第八至第13个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。What a big and beautiful city. Lets go . around. IT, good idea. but this city is quite strange to us. I think we should find someone to show us around . that will cost us a lot of money. I think if nobody helps us IT will be difficult for us to go around the city. I think we can ask others about the places we will go to. I think they will be ready to help us. Look, someone is selling maps over there. A map will help us a lot. Yes, I think so. Lets go and buy one. What a big and beautiful city. Lets go around. IT, good idea. but this city is quite strange to us. I think we should find someone to show us around . that will cost us a lot of money. I think if nobody helps us IT will be difficult for us to go around the city. I think we can ask others about the places we will go to. I think they will be ready to help us. Look, someone is selling maps over there. A map will help us a lot. Yes, I think so. Lets go and buy one. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13 3个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Hey, mike, I just joined the spanish club. I mix decided to be a part of IT. Aren't you a member? Yeah, I am. We have a lot of members and we organize a lot of fun events. Why did you decide to join? Well. IT looks good on my university applications to participate in after school activities. Also, i'm really interested in spanish culture. cool. Well, we learn a lot about spanish culture in the club. We go to spanish restaurants together and watch movies in spanish. We even learn to cook spanish dishes ourselves and bring them to school to share. Wow, that all sounds like so much fun. I can't wait to participate. Hey, mike, I just joined the spanish club. I'm excited to be a part of IT. Aren't you a member? Yeah, I am. We have a lot of members and we organize a lot of fun events. Why did you decide to join? Well, IT looks good on my university applications to participate in after a school activities. Also, i'm really interested in spanish culture. cool. Well, we learn a lot about spanish culture in the club. We go to spanish restaurants together and watch movies in spanish. We even learn to cook spanish dishes ourselves and bring them to school to share. Wow, that all sounds like so much fun. I can't wait to participate. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17 4个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。What's the matter? I lent my dictionary to sam yesterday, but he told me this morning he had left IT on the bus. When will he learn to be more careful? I lent my pint to him last week, but he lost IT too. Did he buy you a new one? Yes. but IT is different. IT was a gift from my father. IT could never . be replaced. I'm so sorry to hear that I just bought the dictionary last week. Now I have to buy a new one. Will you go downtown this afternoon? No, i'll play table tennis with my aunt this afternoon. I'll go downtown tomorrow. Could you ask your dad to give me a lift when you go there? I'll go there by subway. My dad will drive to a conference in the neighboring city tomorrow. Okay, give me a call tomorrow. Lets go together. What's the matter? I lent my dictionary to some yesterday, but he told me this morning he had left IT on the bus. When will he learn to be more careful? I lent my pint to him last week, but he lost IT too. Did he buy you a new one? Yes. but IT is different. IT was a gift from my father. IT could . never be replaced. I'm so sorry to hear that I just bought the dictionary last week. Now I have to buy a new one. Will you go downtown this afternoon? Now i'll play table tennis with my aunt this afternoon. I'll go downtown tomorrow. Could you ask your dad to give me a lift when you go there? I'll go there by subway. My dad will drive to a conference in the neighboring city tomorrow. OK give me a call tomorrow. Lets go together. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第23个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Hello, everybody, today ID like to share with you something about john audubon. John was born on April twenty six, seventeen eighty five. He spent much of his childhood in france, where he spent many hours each day outdoors painting pictures. At the age of eighteen, he moved to the united states. Well, actually, john began his life in the U. S. As a business man. However, instead of taking care of his business, john was often off expLoring nature. At first, john spent his time hunting for fun. Then he found that the animals around were very beautiful, and he particularly enjoyed observing the birds he saw. He began studying them, trying to learn the differences between the birds and noticing their different behaviors. Therefore, he painted the birds he observed a lot. In eighty nineteen, john realized that he didn't have enough money to pay his bills. He was very upset that he couldn't earn enough money to support his family, so he spent time improving his painting skills and began to sell his paintings. He discovered that he could earn some money while doing something he really enjoyed. We are lucky now to have so many paintings of american birds by john audubon. Hello, everybody. Today ID like to share with you something about john audubon. John was born on April twenty six, seventeen eighty five. He spent much of his childhood in france, where he spent many hours each day outdoors painting pictures. At the age of eighteen, he moved to the united states. Well, actually, john began his life in the us. As a business man. However, instead of taking care of his business, john was often off expLoring nature. At first, john spent his time hunting for fun. Then he found that the animals around were very beautiful, and he particularly enjoyed observing the birds he saw. He began studying them, trying to learn the differences between the birds and noticing their different behaviors. Therefore, he painted the birds he observed a lot. In eighteen nineteen, john realized that he didn't have enough money to pay his bills. He was very upset that he couldn't earn enough money to support his family, so he spent time improving his painting skills and began to sell his paintings. He discovered that he could earn some money while doing something he really enjoyed. We are lucky now to have so many paintings of american birds by john audubon. Unit 1　Science and Scientists (时间：120分 满分：150分) 第一部分　听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What will the woman do this coming weekend? A.Call on her classmates. B.Direct traffic. C.Go hiking. 2.Where is the woman going? A.To her new flat. B.To the shop. C.To her company. 3.When did the woman buy her own car? A.Last week. B.Last month. C.Last year. 4.What does the woman do now? A.A school teacher. B.A tourist guide. C.A university student. 5.How does John look? A.Excited. B.Satisfied. C.Worried. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6.What will the weather be like the day after tomorrow? A.It is rainy. B.It is sunny. C.It is windy. 7.What has the man been doing these days? A.Reading books. B.Playing football. C.Going cycling. 听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。 8.What do the speakers want to do? A.Go around the city. B.Look for a man. C.Find a bank. 9.What can we learn about the speakers? A.They live in this city. B.They are unfamiliar with the city. C.They know the city well. 10.What do the speakers want to buy? A.A bike. B.A car. C.A map. 听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。 11.What is the woman’s attitude toward joining the Spanish club? A.Disappointed. B.Nervous. C.Excited. 12.Why did the woman join the Spanish club? A.To improve her college applications. B.To be in a club with the boy. C.To prepare for her vacation in Spain. 13.What is one of the activities that the man mentions? A.Visiting Spanish schools. B.Learning Spanish cooking. C.Watching Spanish television shows. 听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。 14.Where did Sam leave the dictionary? A.At home. B.At school. C.On the bus. 15.What does the man probably think of Sam? A.Nice. B.Careless. C.Generous. 16.What will the woman do in the afternoon? A.Go downtown. B.Play table tennis. C.Buy a dictionary. 17.How will the speakers go downtown? A.By car. B.By bus. C.By underground. 听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。 18.What did John enjoy doing in his childhood? A.Touring France. B.Playing outdoors. C.Painting pictures. 19.What did John do after he moved to the US? A.He did business. B.He studied biology. C.He raised animals. 20.What is the subject of John’s works? A.American birds. B.Natural scenery. C.Family life. 第二部分　阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The greening of planes,trains and automobiles Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions(排放).As the world races to decarbonize everything,it faces particular problems with transportation—which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions.Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport. The fuels for transport need to be not just green,cheap and powerful,but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around.Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs.Much is still to be settled,but here are some of the solutions to get us going green. This energy transition(变革) is global,and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050.Fortunately,analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task.“We need to speed up the development of green energy,and it will all get used,” says Wipke. 21.What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018? A.11.6%. B.45.1%. C.74.5%. D.86.1%. 22.Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily? A.Planes. B.Trucks. C.Trains. D.Ships. 23.What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition? A.Limiting fuel consumption. B.Putting more effort into renewables. C.Improving energy efficiency. D.Making electricity more affordable. B Tu Youyou is a Chinese medical scientist,pharmaceutical (制药的) chemist,and educator best known for discovering artemisinin (also known as qinghaosu).The discovery of artemisinin and its treatment of malaria are regarded as a significant breakthrough of tropical medicine in the 20th century and health improvement for people of tropical developing countries in South Asia,Africa,and South America. For her work,Tu received the 2011 Lasker Award in Clinical Medicine and the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology (生理学) or Medicine.The Nobel Committee puts Tu’s work well by writing:“Malaria infects close to 200 million individuals yearly.Artemisinin is used in all malaria-ridden parts of the world.When used in combination treatment,it is estimated to reduce the death rate from malaria by more than 20% overall and by more than 30% in children.For Africa alone,this means that more than 100,000 lives are saved each year.” In China,Tu is known as a “sanwu scientist”.Tu has spent no time studying abroad,no membership with the Chinese Academy of Sciences and no doctoral degree.The Xinhua News Agency has commented on the significance of Tu’s achievement,“Not only is Tu the first Chinese Nobel laureate (获奖者) in natural science,but also the first Nobel laureate who received all scientific training in China.The award she won made Chinese scientists gain tremendous confidence.” As part of the programme charged with finding a treatment for malaria,Tu was inspired by an ancient Chinese text which said qinghao was used to tackle intermittent fevers (间歇热) around 400 CE.In the herb Tu discovered a compound,now known as artemisinin,which proved an effective treatment for the infection.Tu herself volunteered to be the first human recipient. An article Tu Youyou published in Nature in 2011 ended up with an insightful sentence.“It is my dream that Chinese medicine will help us conquer life-threatening diseases worldwide,and people across the globe will enjoy its benefits for health promotion,” Tu wrote. 24.According to the passage,what can we learn about Tu Youyou? A.She is best known as an educator. B.She received Lasker Award before Nobel Prize. C.She received some scientific training abroad. D.She was forced to be the first recipient of the medicine. 25.What’s the second paragraph mainly about? A.The importance of the Nobel Prize. B.The malaria’s effects on human health. C.The achievements made by Tu Youyou. D.The people’s suffering from infective diseases. 26.What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 mean? A.End with. B.Fight with. C.Mix with. D.Deal with. 27.What do the words Tu Youyou wrote in Nature show? A.Her passion for Chinese medicine. B.Her doubt about Chinese medicine. C.Her dream of getting prizes from Nature. D.Her hesitation in doing medical research. C Sometimes a person who thinks in an unusual way can look at the world from a different point of view.Such was Richard Phillips Feynman,a role model change maker.Born in 1918,he began showing some unusual qualities. The first sign of Feynman’s unique qualities was that he hadn’t yet spoken by age three.But young Feynman showed a talent for math and engineering.He enjoyed repairing household objects,and built a simple laboratory in his room.By the time he was in high school,he was experimenting things which were only taught to college students. After Richard Feynman graduated from high school in 1939,he studied at the MIT.Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were “the best that we’ve seen,” according to Princeton,he was almost rejected due to his very poor grades in writing and his Jewish religion.Finally,he was accepted and continued to study physics at Princeton where he got his PhD.His lectures attracted many great scientists of the time,including Albert Einstein. At Princeton,Feynman began his most famous work:his work on nuclear weapons.He moved to a lab and not all of his work there has been released to the public,but we know he performed experiments related to uranium.After the war,Feynman taught at Cornell University,where he continued his studies.He was also awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in particle physics. Then,in 1978,Feynman developed cancer and died a year later.Though Feynman and his work are honored by physicists across the world,his personal qualities and skills are what really makes him unique.Faced with all the challenges,he never gave up,doing work that he loved until the day he died. 28.What do we know about Richard Phillips Feynman from the text? A.Young Feynman showed his talent in every field. B.Feynman won the Nobel Prize after the war ended. C.Young Feynman enjoyed managing household a lot. D.Feynman was diagnosed with cancer and died at the age of 60. 29.Why was Feynman admitted by Princeton? A.Because he was a Jewish. B.Because he graduated from the MIT. C.Because he was very gifted in math and science. D.Because his lecture attracted many great scientists. 30.Which of the following words can best describe Richard Feynman? A.Selfless and friendly. B.Talented and stubborn. C.Intelligent and devoted. D.Strong-willed and humorous. 31.What may be the best title of the text? A.Richard Feynman’s Unusual Qualities B.Richard Feynman — A Respected Scientist C.A Touching Story About Richard Feynman D.The Influence of Richard Feynman D Common house cats possess the ability to associate human words with images without instructions,a new research conducted by animal scientists at Azabu University in Japan has revealed.This discovery,published in the journal Scientific Reports,throws new light on cats’ cognitive abilities and their potential for understanding human language. The team designed an experiment to test cats’ ability to form picture-word associations.The study involved 31 adult house cats and applied a methodology similar to those used in baby language development research.In the experiment,cats were shown short videos paired with nonsensical words (“keraru” and “parumo”).These videos were played repeatedly until the cats looked away.After a break,the same videos were shown,but with the spoken words disordered. The results were striking:cats demonstrated longer viewing duration and pupil (瞳孔) expansion when the word-image pairings were switched,indicating puzzlement and a search for explanation.This behavior suggests that the cats had formed associations between the spoken words and the images they saw,even without any training. “It is noteworthy that cats made the picture-word relation after only brief exposure,” the researchers said.“Most cats habituated to the stimulus (刺激物) pairing after four trials,which means they received only nine-second exposures in two trials for each picture-word pair.” By comparison,trials involving human babies used at least four 20-second trials for a picture-word pair. It’s not clear why cats are able to form these associations so quickly and more work is needed to examine the question from both biological and developmental perspectives.The impacts of domestication on cats need to be investigated too,the researchers said.This is particularly crucial,as the research also indicated that cats might find it easier to form associations between objects and human speech rather than electronic sounds. 32.What is the new discovery about house cats? A.They can be trained to please humans. B.They can read humans’ facial expressions. C.They can link words to images without tips. D.They can understand complex human language. 33.What was cats’ reaction to the disordered words? A.Confused. B.Fascinated. C.Calm. D.Indifferent. 34.How does the cats’ learning process compare to that of human babies? A.The processes are similar in speed. B.Cats learn faster than human babies. C.Cats take longer to form associations. D.Human babies learn with shorter exposure. 35.What could be the key focus for the future study? A.The biological development of cats. B.The effects of domestication on cats. C.The cat’s talent for identifying objects. D.The cats’ preference for electronic sounds. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What makes a good scientist? My name is Clara.I am a climate scientist studying tiny particles in the atmosphere which is a layer of gases that surrounds our planet.I have wondered about what makes a good scientist.　36　.  Patience 　37　.They have patience for others,patience for themselves and patience when things go wrong.A few years ago,when I worked on a NASA mission,we sent a spacecraft to bring back a sample of an asteroid,which are rocky objects that travel around the sun.The spacecraft reached the asteroid in 2018 and returned with a piece of the asteroid in 2021.Then scientists studied it.  Scientific discoveries do not take place overnight.Many are small and go slowly.Missions often take years to complete.　38　.  Being Open To Others A good scientist has an open mind.It can be easy to ignore people you do not agree with.But we should be open to new ideas and ask people what they think.　39　.Moreover,we should learn from our mistakes.Success almost never comes quickly or easily.Chances are you’ll stumble many times first,but that’s OK because making mistakes is part of learning.  Curiosity Good scientists are curious,but we should also be curious in our daily lives.When we are curious about other people,we can care about them.We can become more understanding. After all,it is easy to be kind.You can do it anywhere,and a kind action can make someone’s day.You don’t know what people are going through unless you find out.So,ask questions about everything.Ask your friends how they’re doing.Ask yourself what makes you feel alive.Above all,make sure to pay attention to the world and the people around you. 　40　.It is our superpower,and also what makes us humans.  A.A good scientist has patience B.Don’t be ashamed of being curious C.Sometimes being open can be very harmful D.That is why having patience is so important E.Ask your workmates to have lunch with you F.To me,it is the same as what makes a good person G.We should do this even when we do not agree with them 第三部分　语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 In high school,I did a scientific experiment.The experiment made me 　41　 that science could teach us a lot.It teaches us the 　42　 so we know where we are from.That day,I firmly 　43　 to be a scientist.Ever since that day,I have studied harder 　44　 in all my science-related subjects.After school,I do much research on how I can become a 　45　 scientist in the future.  One of my 　46　 for my becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock,who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.At 25,she already had her PhD in botany.After that,she started her 　47　 as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) and she 　48　 herself to that research for the rest of her life.  If I am lucky and given the 　49　 to achieve my ambition as a scientist,I want to be like Doctor McClintock.She 　50　 something that helped the other scientists 　51　 the things about genetics.  I know I will be able to achieve my 　52　 as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it.If I achieve my goal,I will share my 　53　 of success with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists.My future will be as 　54　 as the stars in the night sky.However,my future is still far.I will make the most of the 　55　 to achieve my great ambition of becoming a scientist.  41.A.suspect B.wonder C.realize D.value 42.A.school B.origin C.growth D.study 43.A.refused B.volunteered C.continued D.decided 44.A.especially B.possibly C.properly D.separately 45.A.happy B.popular C.real D.careful 46.A.experiences B.persuasions C.generations D.inspirations 47.A.attempt B.career C.praise D.tradition 48.A.devoted B.invited C.limited D.decreased 49.A.reason B.freedom C.right D.opportunity 50.A.heard B.expected C.discovered D.awarded 51.A.set out B.figure out C.stick out D.break out 52.A.dream B.reward C.fame D.stage 53.A.fortune B.location C.light D.secret 54.A.bright B.capable C.proud D.brave 55.A.lesson B.present C.mind D.heart 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shen Kuo was an excellent scientist of the Northern Song Dynasty.He was an all-round scholar of astronomy,literature,physics,chemistry,calendars,geology,meteorology 56.　　　　　　 medical science.He was also an outstanding engineer and excellent military strategist.He even made a great contribution 57. art and literature.So Shen Kuo was well known for being 58.　　　　　　(knowledge) in ancient China.  Meng Xi Bi Tan,Shen Kuo’s famous scientific work,59.　　　　　　(complete) between 1086 and 1093.In the book,he wrote a lot about the animals and plants he had seen when 60.　　　　　　(travel) through the country,such as giant clams in the South China Sea,crocodiles in Chaozhou,Chinese wolfberries in the northwest of China and jerboas in the desert of northern China.The book also introduced 61.(method) of killing insect pests.  Shen Kuo pointed out in Meng Xi Bi Tan that human beings had pharynxes(咽)and larynxes(喉),with pharynxes for food and larynxes for ventilation (换气).He also 62.　　　　　　(have) great knowledge about fossils(化石).When visiting the Taihang Mountains,63.　　　　　　 is located in Shanxi Province,he discovered fossilized seashells and noted the presence of stones like those often 64.　　　　　　(find) on the seashore,leading him to conclude that Shanxi had been located by the sea in the distant past.  Meng Xi Bi Tan was 65.　　　　　　(wide) regarded as an important scientific work in ancient China.  第四部分　写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华,你校即将举办一场以“Science Lights Up the Future”为主题的科技节。请你写一封邮件,邀请你的交换生朋友Chris一起参加。内容包括: 1.举办的时间、地点; 2.活动内容(看展览、听讲座……); 3.期待参加。 注意: 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One year ago,when we were in the fifth grade,a new classmate named Jack joined us.He was often late for class and had a strange smell on him,which made the girls not want to be “neighbours” with him,let alone sit next to him.It is said that once,a naughty boy curiously opened his backpack and many crushed soda cans and empty drink bottles that we usually throw into the trash fell out.Therefore,the boys in our class mocked (嘲笑) him as the “trash king”. Later,during a class meeting,our teacher,Ms.Zhang,told us about his story of using garbage to make inventions.It turns out that Jack is not an ordinary elementary school student,but a “garbage-inspired inventor” who has won the city invention award.According to Ms.Zhang,most of his inventions were picked up from garbage dumps (堆).During that class meeting,Jack showed us his invention of a“domestic wastewater separation system”. Afterwards,some of us became deeply interested in these small inventions and started to admire Jack’s way of “picking up trash”.We even joined him in picking up trash on weekends and during holidays.From then on,we no longer called him the “trash king”.Instead,we formed a group of five boys and actively searched for usable materials in various garbage dumps around the city.Under Jack’s guidance,we learned that there are many uses for seemingly useless trash.Once,we stayed at school to process the collected materials.Jack mentioned that he was facing a problem with his latest invention—a small cart for buying vegetables that needed to be lightweight.All other materials were solved except for the wheels.How could we find a suitable material for the wheels?We racked our brains (绞尽脑汁) and came up with different ideas,such as using soda cans or taking off the wheels from suitcases.However,Jack reminded us that our group should focus on making inventions from waste rather than causing damage to create them.We were all deep in thought. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 When I got home and drank a bottle of water,I suddenly had an idea.     　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Jack indeed adopted my suggestion and fixed a row of bottle caps as wheels on his vegetable cart.    　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 参考答案 附:听力原文 (Text 1) M:Will you go hiking with me this coming weekend? W:Sorry.I am planning to volunteer to direct traffic with my classmates. (Text 2) M:Are you going somewhere? W:Yes,I’m off to the department store.I must buy some furniture for my new flat. (Text 3) M:The car is very nice.Did you buy it last month? W:No,I rented it for a holiday last week.Believe it or not,my own car,which I bought a year ago,is better than this one. (Text 4) M:Tell us about yourself,Anne. W:After I graduated from university in 2008,I worked as a tourist guide for 2 years before I found my present job as a teacher. (Text 5) W:John looks unhappy.What is he worried about? M:His job interview,I guess. W:Really?I should go and chat with him. (Text 6) M:What will the weather be like tomorrow? I can’t hear the man clearly on the radio. W:He says it’ll turn fine tomorrow.It’s a fine day to go cycling. M:That’s great.It has been raining for days.We can finally go out for fun. W:Yes.But he also says it’ll rain again the day after tomorrow. M:I just cannot believe it! I want to play football with my friends this weekend.Now I guess I have to stay indoors reading books just as I do these days. (Text 7) W:What a big and beautiful city! Let’s go around it. M:Good idea! W:But this city is quite strange to us.I think we should find someone to show us around. M:That will cost us a lot of money, I think. W:If nobody helps us, it will be difficult for us to go around the city. M:I think we can ask others about the places we will go to.I think they will be ready to help us. W:Look, someone is selling maps over there.A map will help us a lot. M:Yes, I think so.Let’s go and buy one. (Text 8) W:Hey,Mike!I just joined the Spanish club!I’m excited to be a part of it.Aren’t you a member? M:Yeah,I am.We have a lot of members,and we organize a lot of fun events.Why did you decide to join? W:Well,it looks good on my university applications to participate in after-school activities.Also,I’m really interested in Spanish culture. M:Cool.Well,we learn a lot about Spanish culture in the club.We go to Spanish restaurants together and watch movies in Spanish.We even learn to cook Spanish dishes ourselves and bring them to school to share. W:Wow,that all sounds like so much fun!I can’t wait to participate. (Text 9) M:What’s the matter? W:I lent my dictionary to Sam yesterday.But he told me this morning he had left it on the bus. M:When will he learn to be more careful?I lent my pen to him last week,but he lost it,too. W:Did he buy you a new one? M:Yes.But it is different.It was a gift from my father.It could never be replaced. W:I’m so sorry to hear that.I just bought the dictionary last week.Now I have to buy a new one. M:Will you go downtown this afternoon? W:No.I’ll play table tennis with my aunt this afternoon.I’ll go downtown tomorrow. M:Could you ask your dad to give me a lift when you go there? W:I’ll go there by subway.My dad will drive to a conference in the neighbouring city tomorrow. M:OK.Give me a call tomorrow.Let’s go together. (Text 10) M:Hello,everybody.Today I’d like to share with you something about John Audubon.John was born on April 26th,1785.He spent much of his childhood in France,where he spent many hours each day outdoors painting pictures.At the age of 18,he moved to the United States.Well,actually,John began his life in the US as a businessman.However,instead of taking care of his business,John was often off exploring nature.At first,John spent his time hunting for fun.Then he found that the animals around were very beautiful,and he particularly enjoyed observing the birds he saw.He began studying them,trying to learn the differences between the birds and noticing their different behaviours.Therefore he painted the birds he observed a lot.In 1819,John realized that he didn’t have enough money to pay his bills.He was very upset that he couldn’t earn enough money to support his family,so he spent time improving his painting skills and began to sell his paintings.He discovered that he could earn some money while doing something he really enjoyed.We are lucky now to have so many paintings of American birds by John Audubon. 1.B　2.B　3.C　4.A　5.C　6.A　7.A　8.A　9.B　10.C　11.C　12.A　13.B　14.C　15.B　16.B　17.C　18.C 19.A　20.A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比,以及让我们的交通方式更环保的办法。 21.C　细节理解题。根据图表信息ROAD VEHICLES部分中“ROAD (PASSENGER) 45.1%”以及“ROAD (GOODS) 29.4%”可知,道路车辆总占比为45.1%+29.4%=74.5%,即道路车辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74.5%。 22.C　细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS—Electricity部分中“Some trains are already electrified through rails or wires; others can be made electric in pretty simple ways.(一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化;其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化)”可知,火车实现绿色化很容易。再结合PLANES—Synthetic hydrocarbons部分中的“The hardest sector...”,TRUCKS—Hydrogen fuel cells部分中的“but making green hydrogen is expensive”以及SHIPS—Liquid ammonia部分中的“but it is hard to...”可知,飞机、卡车和轮船要想实现绿色化都有难度,故排除A、B、D三项。 23.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘We need to speed up the development of green energy,and it will all get used,’ says Wipke.(我们需要加速绿色能源的开发,而且这些能源都会被利用起来)”可知,Wipke建议加大对可再生能源的投入,即加大对绿色能源的投入。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国科学家屠呦呦发现青蒿素的过程,以及她的成就和贡献。 24.B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句可知,屠呦呦先获得拉斯克临床医学奖,后获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 25.C　主旨大意题。根据第二段的“For her work,Tu received the 2011 Lasker Award in Clinical Medicine and the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”以及“For Africa alone,this means that more than 100,000 lives are saved each year.”可以看出,这段主要讲述了屠呦呦取得的成就及其对全球健康的重大贡献。 26.D　词句猜测题。根据文章第四段画线词所在句可知,屠呦呦受到了一部中国古代文献的启发,该文献称青蒿在公元 400 年左右被用于治疗间歇性发热。由此可推知,屠呦呦的研究是为了寻找治疗疟疾的方法。因此,画线词“tackle”的意思是“处理,解决”,与 D项“Deal with”的意思最接近。 27.A　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知,屠呦呦在《自然》杂志上发表的文章结尾有一句深刻的话,表达了她对中医的热爱和对中医在全球范围内推广的信心。由此可推知,屠呦呦对中医充满了热情。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一位备受尊敬的科学家Richard Phillips Feynman,介绍了他的个人经历以及取得的成就。 28.B　细节理解题。根据第四段中“After the war...He was also awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in particle physics.”可知,费曼是在战后获得诺贝尔奖的。故选B项。 29.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Despite the fact that his grades in science and math...almost rejected due to his very poor grades in writing and his Jewish religion.”可知,费曼被普林斯顿录取是因为他在数学和科学方面很有天赋。 30.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中“But young Feynman showed a talent for math and engineering.”以及第三段可知,他很聪明;结合第四、五段可看出费曼从普林斯顿大学读博到之后工作都致力于研究物理、教授物理。由此可知,Richard Feynman聪明且专注。 31.B　主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知,作者描述了物理科学家费曼的成长过程以及伟大成就,在最后一段点出费曼的成就举世瞩目,被全球物理学家所敬重。由此可知,B项“理查德·费曼——一位受人尊敬的科学家”最符合文章标题。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了日本Azabu大学动物科学家的一项新研究,揭示了家猫无须指导就能将人类的语言与图像联系起来的能力,并对此进行了实验验证和结果分析。 32.C　细节理解题。根据第一段的“Common house cats possess the ability to associate human...scientists at Azabu University in Japan has revealed.”可知,关于家猫的新发现是它们可以在没有提示的情况下连接文字和图片。 33.A　细节理解题。根据第三段的“The results were striking:cats demonstrated longer viewing...puzzlement and a search for explanation.”可知,猫对无序词语的反应是困惑。 34.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“‘Most cats habituated to the stimulus pairing after...picture-word pair.’ By comparison,trials involving human babies used at least four 20-second trials for a picture-word pair.”可知,猫的学习过程与人类婴儿的学习过程相比,猫比人类婴儿学得快。 35.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It’s not clear why cats are able to form these associations so...the researchers said.”可知,未来研究的重点是驯化对猫的影响。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是要成为一名优秀的科学家应该具备哪些条件。 36.F　根据空前“I have wondered about what makes a good scientist.”可知作者想知道成为一名优秀的科学家的条件,所以接下来应该讲条件有哪些。F项说明成为一名优秀科学家的条件和成为一个好人的条件是一样的,承接上文,符合上下语境。 37.A　根据本段的中心词“Patience”以及空后“They have patience for others,patience for themselves and patience when things go wrong.”可知本段是围绕着好的科学家有耐心这一点展开,所以空处应该讲的是优秀的科学家要有耐心这一条件,A项概括全段的内容,符合上下文语境。 38.D　根据空前“Scientific discoveries do not take place overnight.Many are small and go slowly.Missions often take years to complete.”可知此处是在讲作为一名优秀的科学家要有耐心的原因,所以接下来应该对全段进行总结,D项总结上文,同时回扣本段主题。 39.G　根据空前“It can be easy to ignore people you do not agree with.”可知要想成为一名好的科学家要有一个开放的心态,所以空处应该接着说有一个开放的心态应该怎么做,G项承接上文,而且G项中的“this”指代上文的“we should be open to new ideas and ask people what they think.”,符合上下文语境。 40.B　空处位于段首,是本段的主旨句。根据空后“It is our superpower,and also what makes us humans.”可知空处的主旨句应该讲我们为什么会成为人类。B项概括全段内容,指明原因,而且空后的“It”指代B项中的“being curious”,符合上下文语境。故选B项。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者在中学某次做实验的时候,发现了科学能够教会我们很多东西,自此立志成为一名科学家,尽管未来很遥远,作者会充分把握现在去实现梦想。 41.C　根据后文“It teaches us the 　　　so we know where we are from.”可知,后文提到科学教会了我们的具体内容,教会我们的起源,让我们知道我们来自哪里,故此处指实验让作者“意识”到了科学能教会我们很多东西。  42.B　根据空后内容“so we know where we are from”可知,我们知道我们来自哪里,故此处指科学教了我们“起源”。 43.D　根据前文“The experiment made me 　　　that science could teach us a lot.It teaches us the 　　　so we know where we are from.”可知,科学实验让可以教会人们很多东西,因此作者“决定”成为一名科学家。  44.A　根据前文“That day,I firmly 　　　to be a scientist.”可知,前文提到作者决定成为一名科学家,所以“尤其”会对与科学相关的课程更努力学习。  45.C　根据前文“Ever since that day,I have studied harder 　　　in all my science-related subjects.”可知,前文讲述作者决定成为一名科学家并为之努力,所以此处作者去研究如何成为一名“真正”的科学家。  46.D　根据后文“Barbara McClintock,who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine”可知,后文具体介绍了科学家Barbara McClintock,她是作者变成科学家的“灵感”之一。 47.B　根据空后“as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics”可知,她是玉米细胞遗传学研究的领导者,这是她从事的“事业”。 48.A　根据空后“for the rest of her life”可知,Barbara McClintock开启研究后,将余生都“奉献”给了这项研究。 49.D　根据空后“to achieve my ambition as a scientist,I want to be like Doctor McClintock.”可知,作者想要成为McClintock博士那样的人,其前提是作者被给予成为科学家的“机会”。 50.C　根据空后“something that helped the other scientists”可知,她“发现”的一些事情帮助了其他科学家。故选C项。 51.B　根据空前“She 　　　something that helped the other scientists”可知,McClintock博士所发现的东西帮助了其他科学家,这些东西“弄清楚”了关于遗传学的内容。故选B项。  52.A　根据空后“as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it.”可知,只要作者把心和毅力投入在其中,作者就能实现自己的梦想。 53.D　根据前文“If I achieve my goal”可知,如果作者实现了自己的梦想,作者就会和孩子们分享成功的“秘诀”。 54.A　根据空后“as the stars in the night sky”可知,作者把自己的未来比作天上的星星,所以是像夜空中的星星一样“明亮的”。 55.B　根据前文“However,my future is still far.”可知,前文作者提到未来还很遥远,所以此处应该是作者会充分把握好“现在”去实现未来目标。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北宋杰出的科学家沈括以及他的著作《梦溪笔谈》。 56.and　考查连词。根据句意可知,此处前后是顺承关系,应用连词and。 57.to　考查介词。make a contribution to sth意为“为某事做出贡献”,是固定短语。 58.knowledgeable　考查形容词。分析句子成分可知,所填的词作表语,所以填形容词knowledgeable。 59.was completed　考查时态语态。根据时间状语between 1086 and 1093可知,句子用一般过去时。Meng Xi Bi Tan和complete之间是动宾关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。 60.traveling/travelling　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,travel和其逻辑主语he为主动关系,故用动词-ing形式作状语。 61.methods　考查名词单复数。method意为“方法”时,是可数名词,空格前没有限定词,所以此处要用该名词的复数形式。 62.had　考查时态。根据上下文语境可知,本句描述的是过去的事,所以此处要用该动词的过去式。 63.which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,本句是非限制性定语从句。先行词是the Taihang Mountains,关系词在从句中作主语,故填which。 64.found　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,find和逻辑主语those构成被动关系,所以此处要用过去分词作后置定语。 65.widely　考查副词。所填的词修饰动词regarded,所以要用副词widely。 写作 第一节 Dear Chris,  Knowing that you are keen on advanced science and technology,I’m writing to sincerely invite you to participate in the festival with the theme of “Science Lights Up the Future”. Scheduled to be held this Sunday in the school hall,the festival will include a variety of activities.What appeals to you most will be the science exhibition where you can appreciate technological innovations and interact with superb experts.Additionally,there will be informative lectures delivered by scientists,providing insights into the latest advancements in science. Your participation is highly expected.Looking forward to your favorable reply! Yours, Li Hua  第二节 When I got home and drank a bottle of water,I suddenly had an idea.What if we could use bottle caps as wheels for Jack’s vegetable cart?It seemed like a simple solution,but it could work if we found enough bottle caps.Excited,I shared my idea with the group the next day.Jack’s eyes lit up with enthusiasm as he realized the potential of this suggestion.We immediately set out to collect as many bottle caps as we could find,scouring not only the garbage dumps but also asking friends and family to save them for us.  Jack indeed adopted my suggestion and fixed a row of bottle caps as wheels on his vegetable cart.It was a moment of triumph for all of us,seeing our collective efforts and creativity come to fruition.The cart rolled smoothly,and we celebrated our success with high-fives and laughter.This experience taught us the power of collaboration,innovation,and looking beyond the surface of things.Inspired by Jack’s ingenuity,our group continued to explore ways to repurpose waste,knowing that small actions could lead to big changes in our community and beyond.  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $