Unit2 School life 知识点导学案2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册

该初中英语导学案聚焦8A U2 School life核心知识点，涵盖国家与国人词汇对应、环境等主题词形派生、比较级用法、固定搭配及语法辨析，通过对比词形变化规律搭建学习支架，衔接基础词汇与语法应用，引导学生系统构建知识脉络。 资料以词汇派生与语法对比为特色，通过情境化例句、易混词辨析表（如offer/provide/give）及顺口溜助记（如“完成练习考建议”），强化语言能力，培养思维品质，同时设计自主练习与固定搭配梳理，提升学生学习能力，适配课堂教学与自主复习需求。

8A U2 School life知识点导学案 1. India Indian adj. 印度的 India n. 印度 Indian n.印度人 Australian adj. 澳大利亚的 Australia n. 澳大利亚 Australian n. 澳大利亚人 Italian adj. 意大利的 Italy n. 意大利 Italian n. 意大利人 Swedish adj. 瑞典的 Sweden n. 瑞典 Swedish n. 瑞典人 Spanish adj. 西班牙的 Spain n. 西班牙 Spanish n. 西班牙人 British adj. 英国的 England n. 英国 Englishman n. 英国人 _American_ adj. 美国的 _America__ n. 美国 _American__ n. 美国人 _Russian_ adj. 俄国的 _Russia__ n. 俄国 _Russian___ n. 俄国人 _Canadian__ adj. 加拿大的 _Canada___ n. 加拿大 _Canadian__ n. 加拿大人 _French____ adj. 法国的 _France___ n. 法国 _Frenchman__ n. 法国人 _Japanese_ adj. 日本的 _Japan__ n. 日本 _Japanese___ n. 日本人 _German_ adj. 德国的 _Germany__ n. 德国 _German__ n. 德国人 _Roman__ adj. 罗马的 _Rome___ n. 罗马 _Roman_ n. 罗马人 2. This is very cheap and good for the environment. *environment n. 环境 →environmental adj.环保的 → environmentally adv. 环保地，与环境有关地 1 environmental protection 环境保护 2 environment-friendly 环保的，环境友好的 ③ environmentally friendly 环保的，有利于环境的 3. So we have fewer students and smaller classes than most schools. *few → __fewer_____ → __fewest_____ (可数) many → _more_____ → __most______ (可数) little → __less______ → __least______ (不可数) much → _more____ → __most______ (不可数) e.g. I have the least （少）free time in my family. Computers are very popular and they cost less （少）than before. Nancy studies fewer subjects than Daniel, but Tom studies the fewest （少）subjects. *at least 至少 at most 至多 * less than... 少于 more than... 多于 e.g. If you must go, __at least___ wait until the rain stops. 我每天最多花两个小时去学习游泳。 I spend _at most__ 2 hours swimming every day. 4.There are many interesting subjects to choose from. *choose v. 选择 →___chose_____ →__chosen__ →__choice_(n.)_ ①choose sb as/to be 选某人当... 选他当我们的班长 __choose him as / to be our monitor___ ②choose from 从…中选择 There are many cakes here __for you to choose from_____. 这有很多蛋糕供你选择。 3 做一个选择 __make a choice_______________________ 4 除了…别无选择 ___have no choice but to do sth_________ eg: 有时候做一个选择真难. __It’s difficult to make a choice____ sometimes. We __chose___ (选择) the house as soon as we saw it. 5. such as drama and foreign languages *foreign adj. 外国的 外教 _ foreign _teachers______________ 一门外语 __a foreign language_____ *foreigner n. 外国人 e.g. 这个外国人正在教他们一门外语。 This foreigner is teaching them a __foreign__ language. 6. but I am looking forward to having a go. *look forward to期待，期盼 ①look forward to+名词/代词 eg. The students _are looking forward to____ their school trip. 学生们正期待着他们的学校旅行。 ②look forward to doing sth 期待做某事 eg: I’m looking forward to_ seeing____(see) you soon. 我期待着尽快见到你。 【拓展】pay attention to + doing sth 注意做某事 *go n. 尝试 ①have a go 试一试 = ___have a try____ *go v. 去 →__went____ →__gone__ 系动词 变 + adj. 变质 __go bad__________ 出错 __go wrong____ *gone adj. 不见的，离开了，不在 The money is gone. 7. so our school offers different safety programmes to teach us how to survive in the face of danger. *offer v. 提供 →_offered__ →__offered__→_offering____ ① 提供某人某物 __offer sb sth/offer sth to sb______________ ② 主动提供做某事 __offer to do sth_______________________ ③ 出价多少钱买某物 __offer money for sth___________________ e.g. The foreigner offered (主动提出) to teach us English last week. 【拓展】辨析offer/provide/give 词条 含义 用法 offer 侧重“愿意给予”,强调主动提供 offer sth to sb=offer sb sth provide 提供 provide sth for sb=provide sb with sth give 一般性的“给,给予” give sth to sb=give sb sth eg: Parents always try to provide a comfortable environment for their children.  —You look so happy. —A big company offered me a very good job. I decide to accept it.  These markets give people a chance to sell their second-hand things in the streets and parks of Amsterdam.  8. We get plenty of hands-on experience from these programmes. *plenty of + 名复/不可数名词 大量的，许多的 可数 / 不可数 a lot of plenty of 可数 many a number of 不可数 much a great deal of eg. 他们花了大量的时间帮助残疾人士。 They spent a great deal of time helping the disabled. 9. Our school also pays a lot of attention to food education. * pay attention to 注意 to是介词,后跟名词、代词或v.-ing形式作宾语。 Never mind me. Please pay attention to the ladies. 不要管我。请好好款待女士们。 “Please pay attention to __listening___(listen) ” He said. 他说:“请注意听” 【拓展】 attract/catch one’s attention 吸引某人的注意 eg: Much attention should be paid to _improving__(improve) the living conditions of the poor.  The oral English test is coming. What else should we pay attention to __A________ our grades?  A.to improve B. improving C. improve D. improved *education n. 教育 →educate v. 教育 教育某人做某事 _educate sb to do sth____ →educator n. 教育家 10. We are more aware of the importance of a healthy diet. *aware adj. 知道的，意识到的 ①意识到某事 __be aware of sth_______________________ ②意识到… __be aware that +句子___________________ ③使某人意识到…__make sb aware of sth__________________ *awareness n. 意识 * important adj. 重要的 → importance n. 重要性 比：__more important___ → 最 __most important__ 【固定搭配】 1 It’s important for sb to do sth 对…来说是重要的 2 the importance of… …的重要性 3 be of importance = be important 是重要的 ( _be + of +n. = be +adj.___) eg: Zhalong Nature Reserve is one of the world’s most __important__ (important) wetlands. Many people now understand the _importance__ (important) of wildlife conservation. 11. We clean classrooms，toilets and other school areas carefully by ourselves. 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself herself itself themselves ①表反射：当动词主语和宾语相同时，宾语要用反身代词 eg: You must look after yourself. ②表强调：译为谁谁谁自己/本身 eg: The book _itself__ (it) is very good. ③用于固定搭配 do it by oneself. 某人独自做它 enjoy oneself 玩的愉快 look after oneself 照顾自己 say to oneself 自言自语 think to oneself 暗自想到 help oneself to sth 随便... make oneself at home 请自便 dress oneself 自己给自己穿衣 look at oneself in the mirror 照镜子 teach oneself sth=learn sth by oneself 自学某物 lose oneself in… 沉迷于/陶醉于 for oneself 亲自/为自己 make oneself understood 让自己被理解 come to oneself 苏醒 eg: Help ___yourselves___ to some tasty food. Lucy and Lily. (you） James and I enjoyed __ourselves____ at the party yesterday evening. (we) 12. This helps us develop good habits from an early age. *develop v. 发展 →_develops__ →__developed__→__developed__ →__developing___ ①养成…的习惯 __develop/form a habit of…______ *developed adj. 发达的 发达国家 __developed countries____ *developing adj. 发展中的 发展中国家 __developing countries___ *development n. 发展 随着…的发展 _with the development of…__ *an early age 很小的时候 13.Both of our school gardens have lots of trees and flowers. * both of + 限定词 + 名复 +动复 * both A and B + 动复 * either of +限定词 +名复 +动单 * neither of + 限定词 + 名复 + 动单 * none of + 限定词+ 名复 + 动复/动单 不可数n. + 动单 *all +名复+ 动复 *all of + 限定词 + 名复+ 动复 *each + 名单 + 动单 *each of + 限定词 + 名复 +动单 *名复/代(复) each + 动复 14.We often need to borrow books from the library or search online to finish our homework. *search v. 搜查 ①search sb. 搜身 ②search for sb. 寻找某人（强调过程） = ___look for sb___________ ③search +地点+for+物 在某个地方找某物 = __search sp. for sth___ *finish v. 完成，做好 →__finished___ →_finished___ *finished adj. 已完成的 *finish doing sth = __complete doing sth___ e.g. How soon will you finish ___discussing__ (discuss) the plan? 【拓展】常见的接v.-ing 形式的动词或短语: 动词:finish, practice, consider, suggest, enjoy, miss, avoid, mind 【顺口溜:完成练习考建议,喜欢错过避介意】 短语: be busy, look forward to, be used to, can’t help/stop, give up, feel like, keep on 【顺口溜:忙于期盼(要)习惯,不禁放弃想继续】 15.We talked about the differences in … between our two schools. *difference n. 不同，差异 ①tell the difference(s) between A and B 区分A与B的不同 ②make a difference to (doing) sth 对…有影响/对…起作用 *different adj. 不同的 与…不同 __be different from_______ *differ v. 不同于，有区别 →__differed__ →__differed___→__differing___ ①differ from 与…不同 ②differ in 在某方面不同 16.The number of ping-pong tables *the number of + __名复_______+ ___动单_______ …的数量 数量的大小用__big/large/small______修饰 *a number of + __名复_______+ _动复____ 大量的… a number of /many/plenty of/ a lot of/ lots of students 许多学生 eg: The number of the D teachers in our school is becoming . A. men; fewer and fewer B. man; more and more C. man; larger and larger D. men; smaller and smaller *问数量的表达方式* ① How many + 名复+ are there……? ② What’s the number of ……？ e.g.你们班有多少男生？（两种问法） __How many boys are there________ in your class? __What’s the number of boys_______ in your class? *数量比较* ① There are more…than … ② …have/has more …than… ③ The number of … is larger than … e.g.我们班学生比他们班多。 There are more students in our class than in their class. =The number of the students in our class is larger than that in their class. =Our class has more students than their class. 17.I am writing to make some suggestions on how to improve some parts of our school life. *suggestion n. 建议 = _advice____ suggest v. 建议 = _advise____ 1 建议做某事 suggest doing sth 2 建议某人做某事 suggest sb doing sth 3 一条关于…的建议 a suggestion on … 4 建议… suggest that +句子 【复习advise/advice】 1 建议某人(不)做某事 _advise sb (not) to do sth___________ 2 建议做某事 _advise doing sth________________ 3 一条建议 _a piece of advice_______________ 4 向某人征求建议 _ask sb for advice_______________ 5 就某事给某人提建议 _give sb advice on sth___________ 6 听取某人的建议 _take/follow one’s advice________ eg: I __advise_________(建议) you to think very carefully before making any decisions. Our English teacher often gives us some ____C_______ on how to learn English well. A. advise B. advices C. suggestions D. advises My mother often advises ____C______ a bottle of water after getting up. A. to drink B. drink C. drinking D. drinks I need your suggestions (suggest) about what to do next. 他建议带孩子去动物园。 He suggests taking the children to the zoo. *improve v. 改善，提高 →_improved____ →_improved____→_improving___ ①vt. improve sth 改善/提高某事 improve skills 提高技能 改善健康 __improve health___ ②vi. sth improve …改善/好转 eg: The weather improved. 天气改善了 他的健康好转了 _His health improved__________ ③improve in sth 在某方面有所改进 ④improve oneself 自我提升 *improvement n. 改善，改进 ①an improvement in sth 在某方面的改进 健康状况改善 __an improvement in health__________________ ②需要改进 __need improvement_______________________ ③随着…的改进 __with the improvement of___________________ 18.I would like to suggest that our school should provide more ping-pong tables. *provide v. 提供 →__provided___ →__provided__→_providing__ * provide sth for sb 给某人提供某物 = provide sb with sth = offer sth to sb = offer sb sth eg: The rich man ___C_____ the poor families ________ much food during the hard time. A. provides; to B. provides; with C. provided; with D. provided; for ---Are you going to Qinghai on vacation? ---Yes. I want you to __A_____ some information about to me. A. offer B. look up C. find D. provide 19. because the library is a great place for us to enjoy reading and open our minds. *mind n. 头脑，思维，想法 v. 介意 ★情景对话回答★ A: Would you mind me sitting here? 不介意 Of course not. /Certainly not. B 介意 You’d better not. 20.Moreover, we need more computers in the library so that it is easier for us to search online. ①*moreover adv. 此外 = what’s more = in addition = besides e.g. Harry keeps exercising every morning. _____A______, he’s a few kilos lighter than he used to be. A. As a result B. In order to C. However D. Moreover They know the picture. _Moreover____(此外), they know who drew it. ②*so that 以便，为了 引导目的状语从句 = in order that 经常与情态动词may, might, can, could等连用 eg: I attended a course on Chinese Kungfu so that I could improve my skills.（目的状语从句） =I attended a course on Chinese Kungfu in order that I could improve my skills. =I attended a course on Chinese Kungfu in order to improve my skills. ★区分：【in order that + 从句； in order to + 动词原形】 【拓展】so/such…that 1）so...that和such...that的意思均为 “如此……以至于……” ，连接结果状语从句。 ★so＋many/much/few/little＋名词＋that… ★名词前many, much, few, little (表多少的含义），只能用so, 不能用such。 There was so much noise outside that we couldn't hear the teacher. ★There is so little milk in the fridge that we have to buy some.【此句中little意为：少的】 2) such...that常用句型为： 1. such＋a(an)＋adj.＋单数可数名词＋that… He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him. 2. such＋adj.＋不可数名词 + that… He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him. 3. such＋adj.＋复数名词 +that… They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again. ★They are such little sheep that they can’t look after themselves. 【此句中little意为：小的】 ③*easy adj. 容易的 →比__easier_____ →最 __easiest___________________ easily adv. 容易地 →比__more easily___ →最 _most easily___________________ 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $